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Teague CD, Markovic T, Zhou X, Martinez-Rivera FJ, Minier-Toribio A, Zinsmaier A, Pulido NV, Schmidt KH, Lucerne KE, Godino A, van der Zee YY, Ramakrishnan A, Futamura R, Browne CJ, Holt LM, Yim YY, Azizian CH, Walker DM, Shen L, Dong Y, Zhang B, Nestler EJ. Circuit-Wide Gene Network Analysis Reveals Sex-Specific Roles for Phosphodiesterase 1b in Cocaine Addiction. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e1327232024. [PMID: 38637154 PMCID: PMC11154853 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1327-23.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Cocaine use disorder is a significant public health issue without an effective pharmacological treatment. Successful treatments are hindered in part by an incomplete understanding of the molecular mechanisms that underlie long-lasting maladaptive plasticity and addiction-like behaviors. Here, we leverage a large RNA sequencing dataset to generate gene coexpression networks across six interconnected regions of the brain's reward circuitry from mice that underwent saline or cocaine self-administration. We identify phosphodiesterase 1b (Pde1b), a Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent enzyme that increases cAMP and cGMP hydrolysis, as a central hub gene within a nucleus accumbens (NAc) gene module that was bioinformatically associated with addiction-like behavior. Chronic cocaine exposure increases Pde1b expression in NAc D2 medium spiny neurons (MSNs) in male but not female mice. Viral-mediated Pde1b overexpression in NAc reduces cocaine self-administration in female rats but increases seeking in both sexes. In female mice, overexpressing Pde1b in D1 MSNs attenuates the locomotor response to cocaine, with the opposite effect in D2 MSNs. Overexpressing Pde1b in D1/D2 MSNs had no effect on the locomotor response to cocaine in male mice. At the electrophysiological level, Pde1b overexpression reduces sEPSC frequency in D1 MSNs and regulates the excitability of NAc MSNs. Lastly, Pde1b overexpression significantly reduced the number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in NAc following chronic cocaine, with discordant effects on gene transcription between sexes. Together, we identify novel gene modules across the brain's reward circuitry associated with addiction-like behavior and explore the role of Pde1b in regulating the molecular, cellular, and behavioral responses to cocaine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Collin D Teague
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
| | - Tamara Markovic
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
| | - Xianxiao Zhou
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
| | - Freddyson J Martinez-Rivera
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
| | - Angelica Minier-Toribio
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
| | - Alexander Zinsmaier
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260
| | - Nathalia V Pulido
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
| | - Kyra H Schmidt
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
| | - Kelsey E Lucerne
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
| | - Arthur Godino
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
| | - Yentl Y van der Zee
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
| | - Aarthi Ramakrishnan
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
| | - Rita Futamura
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
| | - Caleb J Browne
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
| | - Leanne M Holt
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
| | - Yun Young Yim
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
| | - Corrine H Azizian
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
| | - Deena M Walker
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239
| | - Li Shen
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
| | - Yan Dong
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
| | - Eric J Nestler
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
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Hembach S, Schmidt S, Orschmann T, Burtscher I, Lickert H, Giesert F, Weisenhorn DV, Wurst W. Engrailed 1 deficiency induces changes in ciliogenesis during human neuronal differentiation. Neurobiol Dis 2024; 194:106474. [PMID: 38518837 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024] Open
Abstract
A key pathological feature of Parkinson's Disease (PD) is the progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons (DAns) in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Considering the major role of EN1 in the development and maintenance of these DAns and the implications from En1 mouse models, it is highly interesting to study the molecular and protective effect of EN1 also in a human cellular model. Therefore, we generated EN1 knock-out (ko) human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSCs) lines and analyzed these during neuronal differentiation. Although the EN1 ko didn't interfere with neuronal differentiation and generation of tyrosine hydroxylase positive (TH+) neurons per se, the neurons exhibited shorter neurites. Furthermore, mitochondrial respiration, as well as mitochondrial complex I abundance was significantly reduced in fully differentiated neurons. To understand the implications of an EN1 ko during differentiation, we performed a transcriptome analysis of human neuronal precursor cells (hNPCs) which unveiled alterations in cilia-associated pathways. Further analysis of ciliary morphology revealed an elongation of primary cilia in EN1-deficient hNPCs. Besides, also Wnt signaling pathways were severely affected. Upon stimulating hNPCs with Wnt which drastically increased EN1 expression in WT lines, the phenotypes concerning mitochondrial function and cilia were exacerbated in EN1 ko hNPCs. They failed to enhance the expression of the complex I subunits NDUFS1 and 3, and now displayed a reduced mitochondrial respiration. Furthermore, Wnt stimulation decreased ciliogenesis in EN1 ko hNPCs but increased ciliary length even further. This further highlights the relevance of primary cilia next to mitochondria for the functionality and correct maintenance of human DAns and provides new possibilities to establish neuroprotective therapies for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Hembach
- Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany; Munich School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sebastian Schmidt
- Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany; Neurobiological Engineering, Munich Institute of Biomedical Engineering, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Garching, Germany; Deutsche Zentrum für Psychische Gesundheit (DZPG), Site Munich-Augsburg, Munich, Germany
| | - Tanja Orschmann
- Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ingo Burtscher
- Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Heiko Lickert
- Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany; School of Medicine, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Florian Giesert
- Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | | | - Wolfgang Wurst
- Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany; Deutsche Zentrum für Psychische Gesundheit (DZPG), Site Munich-Augsburg, Munich, Germany; Technische Universität München-Weihenstephan, Neuherberg, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich, Munich, Germany.
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3
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Homma H, Yoshioka Y, Fujita K, Shirai S, Hama Y, Komano H, Saito Y, Yabe I, Okano H, Sasaki H, Tanaka H, Okazawa H. Dynamic molecular network analysis of iPSC-Purkinje cells differentiation delineates roles of ISG15 in SCA1 at the earliest stage. Commun Biol 2024; 7:413. [PMID: 38594382 PMCID: PMC11003991 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06066-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Better understanding of the earliest molecular pathologies of all neurodegenerative diseases is expected to improve human therapeutics. We investigated the earliest molecular pathology of spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1), a rare familial neurodegenerative disease that primarily induces death and dysfunction of cerebellum Purkinje cells. Extensive prior studies have identified involvement of transcription or RNA-splicing factors in the molecular pathology of SCA1. However, the regulatory network of SCA1 pathology, especially central regulators of the earliest developmental stages and inflammatory events, remains incompletely understood. Here, we elucidated the earliest developmental pathology of SCA1 using originally developed dynamic molecular network analyses of sequentially acquired RNA-seq data during differentiation of SCA1 patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to Purkinje cells. Dynamic molecular network analysis implicated histone genes and cytokine-relevant immune response genes at the earliest stages of development, and revealed relevance of ISG15 to the following degradation and accumulation of mutant ataxin-1 in Purkinje cells of SCA1 model mice and human patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidenori Homma
- Department of Neuropathology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Yuki Yoshioka
- Department of Neuropathology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Kyota Fujita
- Department of Neuropathology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takaramachi, Kanazawa-shi, Ishikawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Shinichi Shirai
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 15, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Yuka Hama
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 15, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Hajime Komano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yuko Saito
- Department of Neuropathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan
| | - Ichiro Yabe
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 15, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hidenao Sasaki
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 15, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Hikari Tanaka
- Department of Neuropathology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan.
| | - Hitoshi Okazawa
- Department of Neuropathology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan.
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4
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Tsartsalis S, Sleven H, Fancy N, Wessely F, Smith AM, Willumsen N, Cheung TKD, Rokicki MJ, Chau V, Ifie E, Khozoie C, Ansorge O, Yang X, Jenkyns MH, Davey K, McGarry A, Muirhead RCJ, Debette S, Jackson JS, Montagne A, Owen DR, Miners JS, Love S, Webber C, Cader MZ, Matthews PM. A single nuclear transcriptomic characterisation of mechanisms responsible for impaired angiogenesis and blood-brain barrier function in Alzheimer's disease. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2243. [PMID: 38472200 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46630-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Brain perfusion and blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity are reduced early in Alzheimer's disease (AD). We performed single nucleus RNA sequencing of vascular cells isolated from AD and non-diseased control brains to characterise pathological transcriptional signatures responsible for this. We show that endothelial cells (EC) are enriched for expression of genes associated with susceptibility to AD. Increased β-amyloid is associated with BBB impairment and a dysfunctional angiogenic response related to a failure of increased pro-angiogenic HIF1A to increased VEGFA signalling to EC. This is associated with vascular inflammatory activation, EC senescence and apoptosis. Our genomic dissection of vascular cell risk gene enrichment provides evidence for a role of EC pathology in AD and suggests that reducing vascular inflammatory activation and restoring effective angiogenesis could reduce vascular dysfunction contributing to the genesis or progression of early AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stergios Tsartsalis
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Hannah Sleven
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin Building, Sherrington Road, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Nurun Fancy
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute Centre, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Frank Wessely
- UK Dementia Research Institute Centre, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Amy M Smith
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute Centre, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Centre for Brain Research and Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Nanet Willumsen
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute Centre, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - To Ka Dorcas Cheung
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute Centre, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Michal J Rokicki
- UK Dementia Research Institute Centre, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Vicky Chau
- UK Dementia Research Institute Centre, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Eseoghene Ifie
- Neuropathology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Combiz Khozoie
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute Centre, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Olaf Ansorge
- Neuropathology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Xin Yang
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
- St Edmund Hall, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Marion H Jenkyns
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Karen Davey
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute Centre, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Aisling McGarry
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute Centre, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Robert C J Muirhead
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute Centre, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Stephanie Debette
- University of Bordeaux, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, Team ELEANOR, UMR 1219, 33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Johanna S Jackson
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute Centre, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Axel Montagne
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, and UK Dementia Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB, UK
| | - David R Owen
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - J Scott Miners
- Dementia Research Group, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Seth Love
- Dementia Research Group, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Caleb Webber
- UK Dementia Research Institute Centre, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - M Zameel Cader
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin Building, Sherrington Road, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Paul M Matthews
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK.
- UK Dementia Research Institute Centre, Imperial College London, London, UK.
- St Edmund Hall, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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5
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Kearney PJ, Zhang Y, Liang M, Tan Y, Kahuno E, Conklin TL, Fagan RR, Pavchinskiy RG, Shaffer SA, Yue Z, Melikian HE. Silencing Parkinson's risk allele Rit2 sex-specifically compromises motor function and dopamine neuron viability. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2024; 10:41. [PMID: 38395968 PMCID: PMC10891080 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-024-00648-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disease and arises from dopamine (DA) neuron death selectively in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc). Rit2 is a reported PD risk allele, and recent single cell transcriptomic studies identified a major RIT2 cluster in PD DA neurons, potentially linking Rit2 expression loss to a PD patient cohort. However, it is still unknown whether Rit2 loss itself impacts DA neuron function and/or viability. Here we report that conditional Rit2 silencing in mouse DA neurons drove motor dysfunction that occurred earlier in males than females and was rescued at early stages by either inhibiting the DA transporter (DAT) or with L-DOPA treatment. Motor dysfunction was accompanied by decreased DA release, striatal DA content, phenotypic DAergic markers, DA neurons, and DAergic terminals, with increased pSer129-alpha synuclein and pSer935-LRRK2 expression. These results provide clear evidence that Rit2 loss is causal for SNc cell death and motor dysfunction, and reveal key sex-specific differences in the response to Rit2 loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick J Kearney
- Brudnick Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, Department of Neurobiology, UMASS Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Morningside Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Yuanxi Zhang
- Department of Neurology and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marianna Liang
- Department of Neurology and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yanglan Tan
- Mass Spectrometry Facility, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biotechnology, UMASS Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- DMPK Group, Merck, S. San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Elizabeth Kahuno
- Brudnick Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, Department of Neurobiology, UMASS Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Tucker L Conklin
- Brudnick Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, Department of Neurobiology, UMASS Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Regeneron, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Rita R Fagan
- Brudnick Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, Department of Neurobiology, UMASS Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Morningside Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Rebecca G Pavchinskiy
- Brudnick Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, Department of Neurobiology, UMASS Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Morningside Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Scott A Shaffer
- Mass Spectrometry Facility, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biotechnology, UMASS Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Zhenyu Yue
- Department of Neurology and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Haley E Melikian
- Brudnick Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, Department of Neurobiology, UMASS Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Morningside Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
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6
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Zhu Y, Chen B, Zu Y. Identifying OGN as a Biomarker Covering Multiple Pathogenic Pathways for Diagnosing Heart Failure: From Machine Learning to Mechanism Interpretation. Biomolecules 2024; 14:179. [PMID: 38397416 PMCID: PMC10886937 DOI: 10.3390/biom14020179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathophysiologic heterogeneity of heart failure (HF) necessitates a more detailed identification of diagnostic biomarkers that can reflect its diverse pathogenic pathways. METHODS We conducted weighted gene and multiscale embedded gene co-expression network analysis on differentially expressed genes obtained from HF and non-HF specimens. We employed a machine learning integration framework and protein-protein interaction network to identify diagnostic biomarkers. Additionally, we integrated gene set variation analysis, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), and transcription factor (TF)-target analysis to unravel the biomarker-dominant pathways. Leveraging single-sample GSEA and molecular docking, we predicted immune cells and therapeutic drugs related to biomarkers. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction validated the expressions of biomarkers in the plasma of HF patients. A two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis was implemented to investigate the causal impact of biomarkers on HF. RESULTS We first identified COL14A1, OGN, MFAP4, and SFRP4 as candidate biomarkers with robust diagnostic performance. We revealed that regulating biomarkers in HF pathogenesis involves TFs (BNC2, MEOX2) and pathways (cell adhesion molecules, chemokine signaling pathway, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, oxidative phosphorylation). Moreover, we observed the elevated infiltration of effector memory CD4+ T cells in HF, which was highly related to biomarkers and could impact immune pathways. Captopril, aldosterone antagonist, cyclopenthiazide, estradiol, tolazoline, and genistein were predicted as therapeutic drugs alleviating HF via interactions with biomarkers. In vitro study confirmed the up-regulation of OGN as a plasma biomarker of HF. Mendelian randomization analysis suggested that genetic predisposition toward higher plasma OGN promoted the risk of HF. CONCLUSIONS We propose OGN as a diagnostic biomarker for HF, which may advance our understanding of the diagnosis and pathogenesis of HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihao Zhu
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (Lin-gang), Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Yao Zu
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Marine Biomedical Science and Technology Innovation Platform of Lin-gang Special Area, Shanghai 201306, China
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7
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Wang Q, Wang M, Choi I, Sarrafha L, Liang M, Ho L, Farrell K, Beaumont KG, Sebra R, De Sanctis C, Crary JF, Ahfeldt T, Blanchard J, Neavin D, Powell J, Davis DA, Sun X, Zhang B, Yue Z. Molecular profiling of human substantia nigra identifies diverse neuron types associated with vulnerability in Parkinson's disease. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadi8287. [PMID: 38198537 PMCID: PMC10780895 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi8287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized pathologically by the loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra (SN). Whether cell types beyond DA neurons in the SN show vulnerability in PD remains unclear. Through transcriptomic profiling of 315,867 high-quality single nuclei in the SN from individuals with and without PD, we identified cell clusters representing various neuron types, glia, endothelial cells, pericytes, fibroblasts, and T cells and investigated cell type-dependent alterations in gene expression in PD. Notably, a unique neuron cluster marked by the expression of RIT2, a PD risk gene, also displayed vulnerability in PD. We validated RIT2-enriched neurons in midbrain organoids and the mouse SN. Our results demonstrated distinct transcriptomic signatures of the RIT2-enriched neurons in the human SN and implicated reduced RIT2 expression in the pathogenesis of PD. Our study sheds light on the diversity of cell types, including DA neurons, in the SN and the complexity of molecular and cellular changes associated with PD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Minghui Wang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Insup Choi
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Lily Sarrafha
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Marianna Liang
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Lap Ho
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Kurt Farrell
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Kristin G. Beaumont
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Robert Sebra
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Sema4, a Mount Sinai venture, Stamford, CT 06902, USA
| | - Claudia De Sanctis
- Neuropathology Brain Bank & Research CoRE, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - John F. Crary
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Neuropathology Brain Bank & Research CoRE, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Artificial Intelligence & Human Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, NY 10029, USA
| | - Tim Ahfeldt
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Ronald Loeb Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Joel Blanchard
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Ronald Loeb Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Drew Neavin
- Garvan-Weizmann Centre for Cellular Genomics, Garvan Institute for Medical Research, 384 Victoria Street, Sydney 2010, Australia
| | - Joseph Powell
- Garvan-Weizmann Centre for Cellular Genomics, Garvan Institute for Medical Research, 384 Victoria Street, Sydney 2010, Australia
- UNSW Cellular Genomics Futures Institute, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - David A. Davis
- Department of Neurology, Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, Brain Endowment Bank, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Xiaoyan Sun
- Department of Neurology, Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, Brain Endowment Bank, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Zhenyu Yue
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
- The Center for Parkinson’s Disease Neurobiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
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8
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Kearney PJ, Zhang Y, Tan Y, Kahuno E, Conklin TL, Fagan RR, Pavchinskiy RG, Shafer SA, Yue Z, Melikian HE. Rit2 silencing in dopamine neurons drives a Parkinsonian phenotype. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.04.26.538430. [PMID: 37162843 PMCID: PMC10168302 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.26.538430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disease and arises from dopamine (DA) neuron death selectively in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc). Rit2 is a reported PD risk allele, and recent single cell transcriptomic studies identified a major RIT2 cluster in PD DA neurons, potentially linking Rit2 expression loss to a PD patient cohort. However, it is still unknown whether Rit2 loss itself is causative for PD or PD-like symptoms. Here we report that conditional Rit2 silencing in mouse DA neurons drove motor dysfunction that occurred earlier in males than females and was rescued at early stages by either inhibiting the DA transporter (DAT) or with L-DOPA treatment. Motor dysfunction was accompanied by decreased DA release, striatal DA content, phenotypic DAergic markers, DA neurons, and DAergic terminals, with increased pSer129-alpha synuclein and pSer935-LRRK2 expression. These results provide the first evidence that Rit2 loss is causal for SNc cell death and a PD-like phenotype, and reveal key sex-specific differences in the response to Rit2 loss.
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9
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Xu P, Zhang B. Multiscale network modeling reveals the gene regulatory landscape driving cancer prognosis in 32 cancer types. Genome Res 2023; 33:1806-1817. [PMID: 37907329 PMCID: PMC10691533 DOI: 10.1101/gr.278063.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a complex disease with diverse molecular mechanisms that affect patient prognosis. Network-based approaches are effective in revealing a holistic picture of cancer prognosis and gene interactions. However, a comprehensive landscape of coexpression networks and prognostic gene modules across multiple cancer types remains elusive. In this study, we performed a systematic analysis of coexpression networks in 32 cancer types. Our analysis identified 4749 prognostic modules that play a vital role in regulating cancer progression. Integrative epigenomic analyses revealed that these modules were regulated by interactions between gene expression and methylation. Coregulated genes of network modules were enriched in chromosome cytobands and preferentially localized in open chromatin regions. The preserved network modules formed 330 module clusters that resided in chromosome hot spots. The cancer-type-specific prognostic modules participated in unique essential biological processes in different cancer types. Overall, our study provides rich resources of prevalent gene networks and underlying multiscale regulatory mechanisms driving cancer prognosis, which lay a foundation for biomarker discovery and therapeutic target development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xu
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA;
- Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA;
- Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
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10
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Pickles S, Zanetti Alepuz D, Koike Y, Yue M, Tong J, Liu P, Zhou Y, Jansen-West K, Daughrity LM, Song Y, DeTure M, Oskarsson B, Graff-Radford NR, Boeve BF, Petersen RC, Josephs KA, Dickson DW, Ward ME, Dong L, Prudencio M, Cook CN, Petrucelli L. CRISPR interference to evaluate modifiers of C9ORF72-mediated toxicity in FTD. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1251551. [PMID: 37614226 PMCID: PMC10443592 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1251551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Treatments for neurodegenerative disease, including Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), remain rather limited, underscoring the need for greater mechanistic insight and disease-relevant models. Our ability to develop novel disease models of genetic risk factors, disease modifiers, and other FTD/ALS-relevant targets is impeded by the significant amount of time and capital required to develop conventional knockout and transgenic mice. To overcome these limitations, we have generated a novel CRISPRi interference (CRISPRi) knockin mouse. CRISPRi uses a catalytically dead form of Cas9, fused to a transcriptional repressor to knockdown protein expression, following the introduction of single guide RNA against the gene of interest. To validate the utility of this model we have selected the TAR DNA binding protein (TDP-43) splicing target, stathmin-2 (STMN2). STMN2 RNA is downregulated in FTD/ALS due to loss of TDP-43 activity and STMN2 loss is suggested to play a role in ALS pathogenesis. The involvement of STMN2 loss of function in FTD has yet to be determined. We find that STMN2 protein levels in familial FTD cases are significantly reduced compared to controls, supporting that STMN2 depletion may be involved in the pathogenesis of FTD. Here, we provide proof-of-concept that we can simultaneously knock down Stmn2 and express the expanded repeat in the Chromosome 9 open reading frame 72 (C9ORF72) gene, successfully replicating features of C9-associated pathology. Of interest, depletion of Stmn2 had no effect on expression or deposition of dipeptide repeat proteins (DPRs), but significantly decreased the number of phosphorylated Tdp-43 (pTdp-43) inclusions. We submit that our novel CRISPRi mouse provides a versatile and rapid method to silence gene expression in vivo and propose this model will be useful to understand gene function in isolation or in the context of other neurodegenerative disease models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Pickles
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Mayo Graduate School, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | | | - Yuka Koike
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Mei Yue
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Jimei Tong
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Pinghu Liu
- Genetic Engineering Core, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Yugui Zhou
- Genetic Engineering Core, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Karen Jansen-West
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | | | - Yuping Song
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Michael DeTure
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Björn Oskarsson
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | | | - Bradley F. Boeve
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | | | - Keith A. Josephs
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Dennis W. Dickson
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Mayo Graduate School, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Michael E. Ward
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Lijin Dong
- Genetic Engineering Core, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Mercedes Prudencio
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Mayo Graduate School, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Casey N. Cook
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Mayo Graduate School, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Leonard Petrucelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Mayo Graduate School, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
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11
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Thornburg-Suresh EJC, Richardson JE, Summers DW. The Stathmin-2 membrane-targeting domain is required for axon protection and regulated degradation by DLK signaling. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:104861. [PMID: 37236359 PMCID: PMC10404615 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Axon integrity is essential for functional connectivity in the nervous system. The degeneration of stressed or damaged axons is a common and sometimes initiating event in neurodegenerative disorders. Stathmin-2 (Stmn2) is an axon maintenance factor that is depleted in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and replenishment of Stmn2 can restore neurite outgrowth in diseased neurons. However, mechanisms responsible for Stmn2-mediated axon maintenance in injured neurons are not known. We used primary sensory neurons to interrogate the role of Stmn2 in the degeneration of severed axons. We discover that membrane association of Stmn2 is critical for its axon-protective activity. Structure-function studies revealed that axonal enrichment of Stmn2 is driven by palmitoylation as well as tubulin interaction. Using live imaging, we discover that another Stmn, Stmn3, comigrates with Stmn2-containing vesicles. We also demonstrate that Stmn3 undergoes regulated degradation through dual leucine zipper kinase (DLK)-c-Jun N-terminal kinase signaling. The Stmn2 membrane-targeting domain is both necessary and sufficient for localization to a specific vesicle population and confers sensitivity to DLK-dependent degradation. Our findings reveal a broader role for DLK in tuning the local abundance of palmitoylated Stmns in axon segments. Moreover, palmitoylation is a critical component of Stmn-mediated axon protection, and defining the Stmn2-containing vesicle population will provide important clues toward mechanisms of axon maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma J C Thornburg-Suresh
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA; Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | | | - Daniel W Summers
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA; Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
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12
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Guo L, Cao J, Hou J, Li Y, Huang M, Zhu L, Zhang L, Lee Y, Duarte ML, Zhou X, Wang M, Liu CC, Martens Y, Chao M, Goate A, Bu G, Haroutunian V, Cai D, Zhang B. Sex specific molecular networks and key drivers of Alzheimer's disease. Mol Neurodegener 2023; 18:39. [PMID: 37340466 PMCID: PMC10280841 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-023-00624-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive and age-associated neurodegenerative disorder that affects women disproportionally. However, the underlying mechanisms are poorly characterized. Moreover, while the interplay between sex and ApoE genotype in AD has been investigated, multi-omics studies to understand this interaction are limited. Therefore, we applied systems biology approaches to investigate sex-specific molecular networks of AD. METHODS We integrated large-scale human postmortem brain transcriptomic data of AD from two cohorts (MSBB and ROSMAP) via multiscale network analysis and identified key drivers with sexually dimorphic expression patterns and/or different responses to APOE genotypes between sexes. The expression patterns and functional relevance of the top sex-specific network driver of AD were further investigated using postmortem human brain samples and gene perturbation experiments in AD mouse models. RESULTS Gene expression changes in AD versus control were identified for each sex. Gene co-expression networks were constructed for each sex to identify AD-associated co-expressed gene modules shared by males and females or specific to each sex. Key network regulators were further identified as potential drivers of sex differences in AD development. LRP10 was identified as a top driver of the sex differences in AD pathogenesis and manifestation. Changes of LRP10 expression at the mRNA and protein levels were further validated in human AD brain samples. Gene perturbation experiments in EFAD mouse models demonstrated that LRP10 differentially affected cognitive function and AD pathology in sex- and APOE genotype-specific manners. A comprehensive mapping of brain cells in LRP10 over-expressed (OE) female E4FAD mice suggested neurons and microglia as the most affected cell populations. The female-specific targets of LRP10 identified from the single cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) data of the LRP10 OE E4FAD mouse brains were significantly enriched in the LRP10-centered subnetworks in female AD subjects, validating LRP10 as a key network regulator of AD in females. Eight LRP10 binding partners were identified by the yeast two-hybrid system screening, and LRP10 over-expression reduced the association of LRP10 with one binding partner CD34. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide insights into key mechanisms mediating sex differences in AD pathogenesis and will facilitate the development of sex- and APOE genotype-specific therapies for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Guo
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Jiqing Cao
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- James J Peters VA Medical Center, Research & Development, Bronx, NY, 10468, USA
| | - Jianwei Hou
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- James J Peters VA Medical Center, Research & Development, Bronx, NY, 10468, USA
| | - Yonghe Li
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Min Huang
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- James J Peters VA Medical Center, Research & Development, Bronx, NY, 10468, USA
| | - Li Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- James J Peters VA Medical Center, Research & Development, Bronx, NY, 10468, USA
| | - Larry Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- James J Peters VA Medical Center, Research & Development, Bronx, NY, 10468, USA
| | - Yeji Lee
- James J Peters VA Medical Center, Research & Development, Bronx, NY, 10468, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Mariana Lemos Duarte
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- James J Peters VA Medical Center, Research & Development, Bronx, NY, 10468, USA
| | - Xianxiao Zhou
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Minghui Wang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Chia-Chen Liu
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Yuka Martens
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Michael Chao
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Alison Goate
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Guojun Bu
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Vahram Haroutunian
- James J Peters VA Medical Center, Research & Development, Bronx, NY, 10468, USA
- Alzheimer Disease Research Center Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- James J Peters VA Medical Center, MIRECC, Bronx, NY, 10468, USA
| | - Dongming Cai
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
- James J Peters VA Medical Center, Research & Development, Bronx, NY, 10468, USA.
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
- Alzheimer Disease Research Center Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
- Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
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13
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Guo X, Hu W, Gao Z, Fan Y, Wu Q, Li W. Identification of PLOD3 and LRRN3 as potential biomarkers for Parkinson's disease based on integrative analysis. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2023; 9:82. [PMID: 37258507 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-023-00527-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most prevalent movement disorders and its diagnosis relies heavily on the typical clinical manifestations in the late stages. This study aims to screen and identify biomarkers of PD for earlier intervention. We performed a differential analysis of postmortem brain transcriptome studies. Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) was used to identify biomarkers related to Braak stage. We found 58 genes with significantly different expression in both PD brain tissue and blood samples. PD gene signature and risk score model consisting of nine genes were constructed using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression (LASSO) and logistic regression. PLOD3 and LRRN3 in gene signature were identified to serve as key genes as well as potential risk factors in PD. Gene function enrichment analysis and evaluation of immune cell infiltration revealed that PLOD3 was implicated in suppression of cellular metabolic function and inflammatory cell infiltration, whereas LRRN3 exhibited an inverse trend. The cellular subpopulation expression of the PLOD3 and LRRN3 has significant distributional variability. The expression of PLOD3 was more enriched in inflammatory cell subpopulations, such as microglia, whereas LRRN3 was more enriched in neurons and oligodendrocyte progenitor cells clusters (OPC). Additionally, the expression of PLOD3 and LRRN3 in Qilu cohort was verified to be consistent with previous results. Collectively, we screened and identified the functions of PLOD3 and LRRN3 based the integrated study. The combined detection of PLOD3 and LRRN3 expression in blood samples can improve the early detection of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Wenjun Hu
- Department of General Practice, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical university, 250000, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zijie Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yang Fan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qianqian Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Weiguo Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, China.
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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14
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Lee RMQ, Koh TW. Genetic modifiers of synucleinopathies-lessons from experimental models. OXFORD OPEN NEUROSCIENCE 2023; 2:kvad001. [PMID: 38596238 PMCID: PMC10913850 DOI: 10.1093/oons/kvad001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
α-Synuclein is a pleiotropic protein underlying a group of progressive neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies. Together, these are known as synucleinopathies. Like all neurological diseases, understanding of disease mechanisms is hampered by the lack of access to biopsy tissues, precluding a real-time view of disease progression in the human body. This has driven researchers to devise various experimental models ranging from yeast to flies to human brain organoids, aiming to recapitulate aspects of synucleinopathies. Studies of these models have uncovered numerous genetic modifiers of α-synuclein, most of which are evolutionarily conserved. This review discusses what we have learned about disease mechanisms from these modifiers, and ways in which the study of modifiers have supported ongoing efforts to engineer disease-modifying interventions for synucleinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Min Qi Lee
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link, Singapore, 117604, Singapore
| | - Tong-Wey Koh
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link, Singapore, 117604, Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Block S3 #05-01, 16 Science Drive 4, Singapore, 117558, Singapore
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15
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Xu P, Wang M, Sharma NK, Comeau ME, Wabitsch M, Langefeld CD, Civelek M, Zhang B, Das SK. Multi-omic integration reveals cell-type-specific regulatory networks of insulin resistance in distinct ancestry populations. Cell Syst 2023; 14:41-57.e8. [PMID: 36630956 PMCID: PMC9852073 DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2022.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Our knowledge of the cell-type-specific mechanisms of insulin resistance remains limited. To dissect the cell-type-specific molecular signatures of insulin resistance, we performed a multiscale gene network analysis of adipose and muscle tissues in African and European ancestry populations. In adipose tissues, a comparative analysis revealed ethnically conserved cell-type signatures and two adipocyte subtype-enriched modules with opposite insulin sensitivity responses. The modules enriched for adipose stem and progenitor cells as well as immune cells showed negative correlations with insulin sensitivity. In muscle tissues, the modules enriched for stem cells and fibro-adipogenic progenitors responded to insulin sensitivity oppositely. The adipocyte and muscle fiber-enriched modules shared cellular-respiration-related genes but had tissue-specific rearrangements of gene regulations in response to insulin sensitivity. Integration of the gene co-expression and causal networks further pinpointed key drivers of insulin resistance. Together, this study revealed the cell-type-specific transcriptomic networks and signaling maps underlying insulin resistance in major glucose-responsive tissues. A record of this paper's transparent peer review process is included in the supplemental information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xu
- Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn Genomics Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Minghui Wang
- Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn Genomics Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Neeraj K Sharma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Mary E Comeau
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Division of Public Health Sciences, and Center for Precision Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Martin Wabitsch
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Eythstr. 24, D-89075 Ulm, Germany
| | - Carl D Langefeld
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Division of Public Health Sciences, and Center for Precision Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Mete Civelek
- Center for Public Health Genomics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn Genomics Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
| | - Swapan K Das
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
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16
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Bai E, Dong M, Lin X, Sun D, Dong L. Expressional and functional characteristics of checkpoint kinase 1 as a prognostic biomarker in hepatocellular carcinoma. Transl Cancer Res 2022; 11:4272-4288. [PMID: 36644193 PMCID: PMC9834594 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-22-1701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common pathological subtype of liver cancer and is the third leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Checkpoint kinase 1 (CHEK1), an essential serine/threonine kinase that regulates the cell cycle, is reported to be associated with carcinogenesis. However, the biological role and clinical significance of CHEK1 in HCC are still incompletely known. Methods In this research, CHEK1 messenger RNA (mRNA) levels in various liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) cohorts from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases were evaluated. The Kaplan-Meier database was applied to identify the correlation between survival time and CHEK1 expression in patients with HCC. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed to explore the potential mechanism of CHEK1 in HCC, and NetworkAnalyst v. 3.0 (https://www.networkanalyst.ca/) was used to construct the regulatory networks of CHEK1 in HCC. Discriminant Regulon Expression Analysis (DoRothEA) was used to detect the activity of transcriptional factors (TFs) in gene-enriched cells (EC) with CHEK1 coexpression. In vitro experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of CHEK1 on the biological function of HCC cells. Results The CHEK1 mRNA level was overexpressed in HCC, and increased CHEK1 expression correlated with poor survival outcomes. The homo sapiens-microRNA-195 (hsa-miR-195) may have contributed to the upregulation of CHEK1 in HCC. GSEA and NetworkAnalyst v. 3.0 showed that CHEK1 played a crucial part in tumor proliferation of HCC and may be regulated by TF E2F1. DoRothEA showed increased transcriptional activity of E2F1 in gene-EC with CHEK1 coexpression. Moreover, experiments of cell function showed that the knockdown of CHEK1 weakened the aggressive behavior and proliferation of HCC cells. Overexpression of E2F1 increased the proliferation and invasion of HCC cells in vitro, while the silencing of CHEK1 dampened cell invasion induced by E2F1 overexpression. Conclusions These results identified the prognostic significance and expression characteristics of CHEK1 in HCC through bioinformatics analysis and experimental verification. This lays the foundation for further research on the diagnosis and treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Encheng Bai
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China;,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Xiamen Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Xiamen, China
| | - Mingwei Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China;,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Xiamen Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiahui Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dalong Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China;,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Xiamen Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Xiamen, China;,Shanghai Institute of Liver Disease, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China;,Shanghai Institute of Liver Disease, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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17
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Virdi GS, Choi ML, Evans JR, Yao Z, Athauda D, Strohbuecker S, Nirujogi RS, Wernick AI, Pelegrina-Hidalgo N, Leighton C, Saleeb RS, Kopach O, Alrashidi H, Melandri D, Perez-Lloret J, Angelova PR, Sylantyev S, Eaton S, Heales S, Rusakov DA, Alessi DR, Kunath T, Horrocks MH, Abramov AY, Patani R, Gandhi S. Protein aggregation and calcium dysregulation are hallmarks of familial Parkinson's disease in midbrain dopaminergic neurons. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2022; 8:162. [PMID: 36424392 PMCID: PMC9691718 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-022-00423-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the SNCA gene cause autosomal dominant Parkinson's disease (PD), with loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, and aggregation of α-synuclein. The sequence of molecular events that proceed from an SNCA mutation during development, to end-stage pathology is unknown. Utilising human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), we resolved the temporal sequence of SNCA-induced pathophysiological events in order to discover early, and likely causative, events. Our small molecule-based protocol generates highly enriched midbrain dopaminergic (mDA) neurons: molecular identity was confirmed using single-cell RNA sequencing and proteomics, and functional identity was established through dopamine synthesis, and measures of electrophysiological activity. At the earliest stage of differentiation, prior to maturation to mDA neurons, we demonstrate the formation of small β-sheet-rich oligomeric aggregates, in SNCA-mutant cultures. Aggregation persists and progresses, ultimately resulting in the accumulation of phosphorylated α-synuclein aggregates. Impaired intracellular calcium signalling, increased basal calcium, and impairments in mitochondrial calcium handling occurred early at day 34-41 post differentiation. Once midbrain identity fully developed, at day 48-62 post differentiation, SNCA-mutant neurons exhibited mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, lysosomal swelling and increased autophagy. Ultimately these multiple cellular stresses lead to abnormal excitability, altered neuronal activity, and cell death. Our differentiation paradigm generates an efficient model for studying disease mechanisms in PD and highlights that protein misfolding to generate intraneuronal oligomers is one of the earliest critical events driving disease in human neurons, rather than a late-stage hallmark of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurvir S Virdi
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA
| | - Minee L Choi
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA
| | - James R Evans
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA
| | - Zhi Yao
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Dilan Athauda
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | | | - Raja S Nirujogi
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee, DD1 5EH, UK
| | - Anna I Wernick
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA
| | - Noelia Pelegrina-Hidalgo
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Craig Leighton
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Rebecca S Saleeb
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK
| | - Olga Kopach
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Haya Alrashidi
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Daniela Melandri
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | | | - Plamena R Angelova
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Sergiy Sylantyev
- Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, Ashgrove Rd West, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Simon Eaton
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Simon Heales
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Dmitri A Rusakov
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Dario R Alessi
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee, DD1 5EH, UK
| | - Tilo Kunath
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Mathew H Horrocks
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK
| | - Andrey Y Abramov
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Rickie Patani
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK.
- Department of Neuromuscular Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK.
| | - Sonia Gandhi
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK.
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK.
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA.
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18
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3D biocomposite culture enhances differentiation of dopamine-like neurons from SH-SY5Y cells: A model for studying Parkinson's disease phenotypes. Biomaterials 2022; 290:121858. [PMID: 36272218 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Studies of underlying neurodegenerative processes in Parkinson's Disease (PD) have traditionally utilized cell cultures grown on two-dimensional (2D) surfaces. Biomimetic three-dimensional (3D) cell culture platforms have been developed to better emulate features of the brain's natural microenvironment. We here use our bioengineered brain-like tissue model, composed of a silk-hydrogel composite, to study the 3D microenvironment's contributions on the development and performance of dopaminergic-like neurons (DLNs). Compared with 2D culture, SH-SY5Y cells differentiated in 3D microenvironments were enriched for DLNs concomitant with a reduction in proliferative capacity during the neurodevelopmental process. Additionally, the 3D DLN cultures were more sensitive to oxidative stresses elicited by the PD-related neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP). MPP induced transcriptomic profile changes specific to 3D-differentiated DLN cultures, replicating the dysfunction of neuronal signaling pathways and mitochondrial dynamics implicated in PD. Overall, this physiologically-relevant 3D platform resembles a useful tool for studying dopamine neuron biology and interrogating molecular mechanisms underlying neurodegeneration in PD.
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19
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Samara A, Spildrejorde M, Sharma A, Falck M, Leithaug M, Modafferi S, Bjørnstad PM, Acharya G, Gervin K, Lyle R, Eskeland R. A multi-omics approach to visualize early neuronal differentiation from hESCs in 4D. iScience 2022; 25:105279. [PMID: 36304110 PMCID: PMC9593815 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal differentiation of pluripotent stem cells is an established method to study physiology, disease, and medication safety. However, the sequence of events in human neuronal differentiation and the ability of in vitro models to recapitulate early brain development are poorly understood. We developed a protocol optimized for the study of early human brain development and neuropharmacological applications. We comprehensively characterized gene expression and epigenetic profiles at four timepoints, because the cells differentiate from embryonic stem cells towards a heterogeneous population of progenitors, immature and mature neurons bearing telencephalic signatures. A multi-omics roadmap of neuronal differentiation, combined with searchable interactive gene analysis tools, allows for extensive exploration of early neuronal development and the effect of medications. Multi-omics charting a new neuronal differentiation protocol for human ES cells Single-cell analyses reveal marker genes during neuronal differentiation Identified transcriptional waves similar to early human brain development Searchable tools to visualize single-cell gene expression and chromatin state
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Affiliation(s)
- Athina Samara
- Division of Clinical Paediatrics, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden,Astrid Lindgren Children′s Hospital Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden,Corresponding author
| | - Mari Spildrejorde
- PharmaTox Strategic Research Initiative, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ankush Sharma
- Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Martin Falck
- PharmaTox Strategic Research Initiative, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Magnus Leithaug
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Stefania Modafferi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Pål Marius Bjørnstad
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ganesh Acharya
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, Alfred Nobels Allé 8, SE-14152 Stockholm, Sweden,Center for Fetal Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, SE-14186 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kristina Gervin
- PharmaTox Strategic Research Initiative, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Department of Research and Innovation, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Robert Lyle
- PharmaTox Strategic Research Initiative, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,Centre for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway,Corresponding author
| | - Ragnhild Eskeland
- PharmaTox Strategic Research Initiative, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,Corresponding author
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20
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Kõks S, Pfaff AL, Singleton LM, Bubb VJ, Quinn JP. Non-reference genome transposable elements (TEs) have a significant impact on the progression of the Parkinson's disease. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2022; 247:1680-1690. [PMID: 36000172 PMCID: PMC9597212 DOI: 10.1177/15353702221117147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease (PD) is a complex process of the interaction between genetic and environmental factors. Studies on the genetic component of PD have predominantly focused on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) using a cross-sectional case-control design in large genome-wide association studies. This approach while giving insight into a significant portion of the genetics of PD does not fully account for all the genetic components resulting in missing heritability. In this study, we approached this problem by focusing on the non-reference genome transposable elements (TEs) and their impact on the progression of PD using a longitudinal study design within the Parkinson's progression markers initiative (PPMI) cohort. We analyzed 2886 Alu repeats, 360 LINE1 and 128 SINE-VNTR-Alus (SVAs) that were called from the whole-genome sequence data which are not within the reference genome. The presence or absence of these non-reference TE variants is known as a retrotransposon insertion polymorphism, and measuring this polymorphism describes the impact of TEs on the traits. The variations for the presence or absence of the non-reference TE elements were modeled to align with the changes in the 114 outcome measures during the five-year follow-up period of the PPMI cohort. Linear mixed-effects models were used, and many TEs were found to have a highly significant effect on the longitudinal changes in the clinically important PD outcomes such as UPDRS subscale II, UPDRS total scores, and modified Schwab and England ADL scale. In addition, the progression of several imaging and functional measures, including the Caudate/Putamen ratio and levodopa equivalent daily dose (LEDD) were also significantly affected by the TEs. In conclusion, this study identified the overwhelming effect of the non-reference TEs on the progression of PD and is a good example of the impact the variations in the "junk DNA" have on complex diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulev Kõks
- Perron Institute for Neurological and
Translational Science, Perth, WA 6009, Australia,Centre for Molecular Medicine and
Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia,Sulev Kõks.
| | - Abigail L Pfaff
- Perron Institute for Neurological and
Translational Science, Perth, WA 6009, Australia,Centre for Molecular Medicine and
Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Lewis M Singleton
- Perron Institute for Neurological and
Translational Science, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Vivien J Bubb
- Department of Pharmacology and
Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of
Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK
| | - John P Quinn
- Department of Pharmacology and
Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of
Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK
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21
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Schmidt S, Luecken MD, Trümbach D, Hembach S, Niedermeier KM, Wenck N, Pflügler K, Stautner C, Böttcher A, Lickert H, Ramirez-Suastegui C, Ahmad R, Ziller MJ, Fitzgerald JC, Ruf V, van de Berg WDJ, Jonker AJ, Gasser T, Winner B, Winkler J, Vogt Weisenhorn DM, Giesert F, Theis FJ, Wurst W. Primary cilia and SHH signaling impairments in human and mouse models of Parkinson's disease. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4819. [PMID: 35974013 PMCID: PMC9380673 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32229-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) as a progressive neurodegenerative disorder arises from multiple genetic and environmental factors. However, underlying pathological mechanisms remain poorly understood. Using multiplexed single-cell transcriptomics, we analyze human neural precursor cells (hNPCs) from sporadic PD (sPD) patients. Alterations in gene expression appear in pathways related to primary cilia (PC). Accordingly, in these hiPSC-derived hNPCs and neurons, we observe a shortening of PC. Additionally, we detect a shortening of PC in PINK1-deficient human cellular and mouse models of familial PD. Furthermore, in sPD models, the shortening of PC is accompanied by increased Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) signal transduction. Inhibition of this pathway rescues the alterations in PC morphology and mitochondrial dysfunction. Thus, increased SHH activity due to ciliary dysfunction may be required for the development of pathoetiological phenotypes observed in sPD like mitochondrial dysfunction. Inhibiting overactive SHH signaling may be a potential neuroprotective therapy for sPD. Here, the authors reveal using single-cell RNA sequencing that Parkinson’s disease (PD) patient-derived neuronal cells show altered primary cilia morphology and signaling suggesting cilia dysfunction may underlie PD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Schmidt
- Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.,Chair of Developmental Genetics, Munich School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Alte Akademie 8, 85354, Freising, Germany
| | - Malte D Luecken
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Dietrich Trümbach
- Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Metabolism and Cell Death, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sina Hembach
- Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.,Chair of Developmental Genetics, Munich School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Alte Akademie 8, 85354, Freising, Germany
| | - Kristina M Niedermeier
- Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.,Chair of Developmental Genetics, Munich School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Alte Akademie 8, 85354, Freising, Germany
| | - Nicole Wenck
- Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.,Chair of Developmental Genetics, Munich School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Alte Akademie 8, 85354, Freising, Germany
| | - Klaus Pflügler
- Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.,Chair of Developmental Genetics, Munich School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Alte Akademie 8, 85354, Freising, Germany
| | - Constantin Stautner
- Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.,Chair of Developmental Genetics, Munich School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Alte Akademie 8, 85354, Freising, Germany
| | - Anika Böttcher
- Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Heiko Lickert
- Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ciro Ramirez-Suastegui
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ruhel Ahmad
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, 80804, Germany
| | - Michael J Ziller
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Julia C Fitzgerald
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Center of Neurology and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Straße 3, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Viktoria Ruf
- Center for Neuropathology and Prion Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 23, 81377, Munich, Germany.,Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Wilma D J van de Berg
- Section Clinical Neuroanatomy and Biobanking (CNAB), Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Allert J Jonker
- Section Clinical Neuroanatomy and Biobanking (CNAB), Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Gasser
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Center of Neurology and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Straße 3, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Beate Winner
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Glückstrasse 6, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jürgen Winkler
- Department of Molecular Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Schwabachanlage 6, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Daniela M Vogt Weisenhorn
- Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.,Chair of Developmental Genetics, Munich School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Alte Akademie 8, 85354, Freising, Germany
| | - Florian Giesert
- Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Fabian J Theis
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany. .,Department of Mathematics, Technische Universität München, Boltzmannstraße 3, 85748, Garching bei München, Germany.
| | - Wolfgang Wurst
- Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany. .,Chair of Developmental Genetics, Munich School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Alte Akademie 8, 85354, Freising, Germany. .,Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany. .,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) site Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Straße 17, 81377, Munich, Germany.
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22
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Yu QS, Feng WQ, Shi LL, Niu RZ, Liu J. Integrated Analysis of Cortex Single-Cell Transcriptome and Serum Proteome Reveals the Novel Biomarkers in Alzheimer’s Disease. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12081022. [PMID: 36009085 PMCID: PMC9405865 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12081022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood-based proteomic analysis is a routine practice for detecting the biomarkers of human disease. The results obtained from blood alone cannot fully reflect the alterations of nerve cells, including neurons and glia cells, in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) brains. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate novel potential AD biomarker candidates, through an integrated multi-omics approach in AD. We propose a comprehensive strategy to identify high-confidence candidate biomarkers by integrating multi-omics data from AD, including single-nuclei RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) datasets of the prefrontal and entorhinal cortices, as wells as serum proteomic datasets. We first quantified a total of 124,658 nuclei, 8 cell types, and 3701 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from snRNA-seq dataset of 30 human cortices, as well as 1291 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) from serum proteomic dataset of 11 individuals. Then, ten DEGs/DEPs (NEBL, CHSY3, STMN2, MARCKS, VIM, FGD4, EPB41L2, PLEKHG1, PTPRZ1, and PPP1R14A) were identified by integration analysis of snRNA-seq and proteomics data. Finally, four novel candidate biomarkers (NEBL, EPB41L2, FGD4, and MARCKS) for AD further stood out, according to bioinformatics analysis, and they were verified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) verification. These candidate biomarkers are related to the regulation process of the actin cytoskeleton, which is involved in the regulation of synaptic loss in the AD brain tissue. Collectively, this study identified novel cell type-related biomarkers for AD by integrating multi-omics datasets from brains and serum. Our findings provided new targets for the clinical treatment and prognosis of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jia Liu
- Correspondence: (R.-Z.N.); (J.L.)
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23
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Krus KL, Strickland A, Yamada Y, Devault L, Schmidt RE, Bloom AJ, Milbrandt J, DiAntonio A. Loss of Stathmin-2, a hallmark of TDP-43-associated ALS, causes motor neuropathy. Cell Rep 2022; 39:111001. [PMID: 35767949 PMCID: PMC9327139 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
TDP-43 mediates proper Stathmin-2 (STMN2) mRNA splicing, and STMN2 protein is reduced in the spinal cord of most patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). To test the hypothesis that STMN2 loss contributes to ALS pathogenesis, we generated constitutive and conditional STMN2 knockout mice. Constitutive STMN2 loss results in early-onset sensory and motor neuropathy featuring impaired motor behavior and dramatic distal neuromuscular junction (NMJ) denervation of fast-fatigable motor units, which are selectively vulnerable in ALS, without axon or motoneuron degeneration. Selective excision of STMN2 in motoneurons leads to similar NMJ pathology. STMN2 knockout heterozygous mice, which better model the partial loss of STMN2 protein found in patients with ALS, display a slowly progressive, motor-selective neuropathy with functional deficits and NMJ denervation. Thus, our findings strongly support the hypothesis that STMN2 reduction owing to TDP-43 pathology contributes to ALS pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey L Krus
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Amy Strickland
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Yurie Yamada
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Laura Devault
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Robert E Schmidt
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - A Joseph Bloom
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Needleman Center for Neurometabolism and Axonal Therapeutics, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jeffrey Milbrandt
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Needleman Center for Neurometabolism and Axonal Therapeutics, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| | - Aaron DiAntonio
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Needleman Center for Neurometabolism and Axonal Therapeutics, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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24
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Noronha O, Mesarosovo L, Anink JJ, Iyer A, Aronica E, Mills JD. Differentially Expressed miRNAs in Age-Related Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Meta-Analysis. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13061034. [PMID: 35741796 PMCID: PMC9222420 DOI: 10.3390/genes13061034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
To date, no neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) have cures, and the underlying mechanism of their pathogenesis is undetermined. As miRNAs extensively regulate all biological processes and are crucial regulators of healthy brain function, miRNAs differentially expressed in NDDs may provide insight into the factors that contribute to the emergence of protein inclusions and the propagation of deleterious cellular environments. A meta-analysis of miRNAs dysregulated in Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, multiple system atrophy, progressive supranuclear palsy, corticobasal degeneration, dementia with Lewy bodies and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (TDP43 variant) was performed to determine if diseases within a proteinopathy have distinct or shared mechanisms of action leading to neuronal death, and if proteinopathies can be classified on the basis of their miRNA profiles. Our results identified both miRNAs distinct to the anatomy, disease type and pathology, and miRNAs consistently dysregulated within single proteinopathies and across neurodegeneration in general. Our results also highlight the necessity to minimize the variability between studies. These findings showcase the need for more transcriptomic research on infrequently occurring NDDs, and the need for the standardization of research techniques and platforms utilized across labs and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ocana Noronha
- Department of (Neuro)Pathology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (O.N.); (L.M.); (J.J.A.); (E.A.)
- Neurodegenerative Disorders Collaborative Laboratory, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama 351-0106, Japan
| | - Lucia Mesarosovo
- Department of (Neuro)Pathology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (O.N.); (L.M.); (J.J.A.); (E.A.)
| | - Jasper J. Anink
- Department of (Neuro)Pathology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (O.N.); (L.M.); (J.J.A.); (E.A.)
| | - Anand Iyer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medicine Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Eleonora Aronica
- Department of (Neuro)Pathology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (O.N.); (L.M.); (J.J.A.); (E.A.)
| | - James D. Mills
- Department of (Neuro)Pathology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (O.N.); (L.M.); (J.J.A.); (E.A.)
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- Chalfont Centre for Epilepsy, Chalfont St Peter, Gerrards Cross SL9 0RJ, UK
- Correspondence:
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25
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Li L, Ho PWL, Liu H, Pang SYY, Chang EES, Choi ZYK, Malki Y, Kung MHW, Ramsden DB, Ho SL. Transcriptional Regulation of the Synaptic Vesicle Protein Synaptogyrin-3 (SYNGR3) Gene: The Effects of NURR1 on Its Expression. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073646. [PMID: 35409005 PMCID: PMC8998927 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Synaptogyrin-3 (SYNGR3) is a synaptic vesicular membrane protein. Amongst four homologues (SYNGR1 to 4), SYNGR1 and 3 are especially abundant in the brain. SYNGR3 interacts with the dopamine transporter (DAT) to facilitate dopamine (DA) uptake and synaptic DA turnover in dopaminergic transmission. Perturbed SYNGR3 expression is observed in Parkinson’s disease (PD). The regulatory elements which affect SYNGR3 expression are unknown. Nuclear-receptor-related-1 protein (NURR1) can regulate dopaminergic neuronal differentiation and maintenance via binding to NGFI-B response elements (NBRE). We explored whether NURR1 can regulate SYNGR3 expression using an in silico analysis of the 5′-flanking region of the human SYNGR3 gene, reporter gene activity and an electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) of potential cis-acting sites. In silico analysis of two genomic DNA segments (1870 bp 5′-flanking region and 1870 + 159 bp of first exon) revealed one X Core Promoter Element 1 (XCPE1), two SP1, and three potential non-canonical NBRE response elements (ncNBRE) but no CAAT or TATA box. The longer segment exhibited gene promoter activity in luciferase reporter assays. Site-directed mutagenesis of XCPE1 decreased promoter activity in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y (↓43.2%) and human embryonic kidney HEK293 cells (↓39.7%). EMSA demonstrated NURR1 binding to these three ncNBRE. Site-directed mutagenesis of these ncNBRE reduced promoter activity by 11–17% in SH-SY5Y (neuronal) but not in HEK293 (non-neuronal) cells. C-DIM12 (Nurr1 activator) increased SYNGR3 protein expression in SH-SY5Y cells and its promoter activity using a real-time luciferase assay. As perturbed vesicular function is a feature of major neurodegenerative diseases, inducing SYNGR3 expression by NURR1 activators may be a potential therapeutic target to attenuate synaptic dysfunction in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingfei Li
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (L.L.); (P.W.-L.H.); (H.L.); (S.Y.-Y.P.); (E.E.-S.C.); (Z.Y.-K.C.); (Y.M.); (M.H.-W.K.)
| | - Philip Wing-Lok Ho
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (L.L.); (P.W.-L.H.); (H.L.); (S.Y.-Y.P.); (E.E.-S.C.); (Z.Y.-K.C.); (Y.M.); (M.H.-W.K.)
| | - Huifang Liu
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (L.L.); (P.W.-L.H.); (H.L.); (S.Y.-Y.P.); (E.E.-S.C.); (Z.Y.-K.C.); (Y.M.); (M.H.-W.K.)
| | - Shirley Yin-Yu Pang
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (L.L.); (P.W.-L.H.); (H.L.); (S.Y.-Y.P.); (E.E.-S.C.); (Z.Y.-K.C.); (Y.M.); (M.H.-W.K.)
| | - Eunice Eun-Seo Chang
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (L.L.); (P.W.-L.H.); (H.L.); (S.Y.-Y.P.); (E.E.-S.C.); (Z.Y.-K.C.); (Y.M.); (M.H.-W.K.)
| | - Zoe Yuen-Kiu Choi
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (L.L.); (P.W.-L.H.); (H.L.); (S.Y.-Y.P.); (E.E.-S.C.); (Z.Y.-K.C.); (Y.M.); (M.H.-W.K.)
| | - Yasine Malki
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (L.L.); (P.W.-L.H.); (H.L.); (S.Y.-Y.P.); (E.E.-S.C.); (Z.Y.-K.C.); (Y.M.); (M.H.-W.K.)
| | - Michelle Hiu-Wai Kung
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (L.L.); (P.W.-L.H.); (H.L.); (S.Y.-Y.P.); (E.E.-S.C.); (Z.Y.-K.C.); (Y.M.); (M.H.-W.K.)
| | - David Boyer Ramsden
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
- Correspondence: (D.B.R.); (S.-L.H.)
| | - Shu-Leong Ho
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (L.L.); (P.W.-L.H.); (H.L.); (S.Y.-Y.P.); (E.E.-S.C.); (Z.Y.-K.C.); (Y.M.); (M.H.-W.K.)
- Correspondence: (D.B.R.); (S.-L.H.)
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26
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Stathmins and Motor Neuron Diseases: Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Targets. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10030711. [PMID: 35327513 PMCID: PMC8945549 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10030711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Motor neuron diseases (MNDs) are a group of fatal, neurodegenerative disorders with different etiology, clinical course and presentation, caused by the loss of upper and lower motor neurons (MNs). MNs are highly specialized cells equipped with long, axonal processes; axonal defects are some of the main players underlying the pathogenesis of these disorders. Microtubules are key components of the neuronal cytoskeleton characterized by dynamic instability, switching between rapid polymerization and shrinkage. Proteins of the stathmin family affect microtubule dynamics regulating the assembly and the dismantling of tubulin. Stathmin-2 (STMN2) is one of the most abundantly expressed genes in MNs. Following axonal injury, STMN2 expression is upregulated, and the protein is transported toward the growth cones of regenerating axons. STMN2 has a critical role in axonal maintenance, and its dysregulation plays an important role in neurodegenerative processes. Stathmin-1 (STMN1) is a ubiquitous protein that is highly expressed during the development of the nervous system, and its phosphorylation controls microtubule dynamics. In the present review, we summarize what is currently known about the involvement of stathmin alterations in MNDs and the potential therapeutic effect of their modulation, with a specific focus on the most common forms of MND, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and spinal muscular atrophy (SMA).
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27
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Loss of mouse Stmn2 function causes motor neuropathy. Neuron 2022; 110:1671-1688.e6. [PMID: 35294901 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2022.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is characterized by motor neuron degeneration accompanied by aberrant accumulation and loss of function of the RNA-binding protein TDP43. Thus far, it remains unresolved to what extent TDP43 loss of function directly contributes to motor system dysfunction. Here, we employed gene editing to find whether the mouse ortholog of the TDP43-regulated gene STMN2 has an important function in maintaining the motor system. Both mosaic founders and homozygous loss-of-function Stmn2 mice exhibited neuromuscular junction denervation and fragmentation, resulting in muscle atrophy and impaired motor behavior, accompanied by an imbalance in neuronal microtubule dynamics in the spinal cord. The introduction of human STMN2 through BAC transgenesis was sufficient to rescue the motor phenotypes observed in Stmn2 mutant mice. Collectively, our results demonstrate that disrupting the ortholog of a single TDP43-regulated RNA is sufficient to cause substantial motor dysfunction, indicating that disruption of TDP43 function is likely a contributor to ALS.
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Wang M, Song WM, Ming C, Wang Q, Zhou X, Xu P, Krek A, Yoon Y, Ho L, Orr ME, Yuan GC, Zhang B. Guidelines for bioinformatics of single-cell sequencing data analysis in Alzheimer's disease: review, recommendation, implementation and application. Mol Neurodegener 2022; 17:17. [PMID: 35236372 PMCID: PMC8889402 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-022-00517-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, characterized by progressive cognitive impairment and neurodegeneration. Extensive clinical and genomic studies have revealed biomarkers, risk factors, pathways, and targets of AD in the past decade. However, the exact molecular basis of AD development and progression remains elusive. The emerging single-cell sequencing technology can potentially provide cell-level insights into the disease. Here we systematically review the state-of-the-art bioinformatics approaches to analyze single-cell sequencing data and their applications to AD in 14 major directions, including 1) quality control and normalization, 2) dimension reduction and feature extraction, 3) cell clustering analysis, 4) cell type inference and annotation, 5) differential expression, 6) trajectory inference, 7) copy number variation analysis, 8) integration of single-cell multi-omics, 9) epigenomic analysis, 10) gene network inference, 11) prioritization of cell subpopulations, 12) integrative analysis of human and mouse sc-RNA-seq data, 13) spatial transcriptomics, and 14) comparison of single cell AD mouse model studies and single cell human AD studies. We also address challenges in using human postmortem and mouse tissues and outline future developments in single cell sequencing data analysis. Importantly, we have implemented our recommended workflow for each major analytic direction and applied them to a large single nucleus RNA-sequencing (snRNA-seq) dataset in AD. Key analytic results are reported while the scripts and the data are shared with the research community through GitHub. In summary, this comprehensive review provides insights into various approaches to analyze single cell sequencing data and offers specific guidelines for study design and a variety of analytic directions. The review and the accompanied software tools will serve as a valuable resource for studying cellular and molecular mechanisms of AD, other diseases, or biological systems at the single cell level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Wang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, Room S8-111, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, Room S8-111, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - Won-min Song
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, Room S8-111, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, Room S8-111, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - Chen Ming
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, Room S8-111, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, Room S8-111, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, Room S8-111, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, Room S8-111, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - Xianxiao Zhou
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, Room S8-111, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, Room S8-111, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - Peng Xu
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, Room S8-111, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, Room S8-111, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - Azra Krek
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, Room S8-111, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - Yonejung Yoon
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, Room S8-111, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, Room S8-111, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - Lap Ho
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, Room S8-111, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, Room S8-111, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - Miranda E. Orr
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina USA
- Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer’s Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina USA
| | - Guo-Cheng Yuan
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, Room S8-111, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, Room S8-111, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, Room S8-111, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, Room S8-111, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, Room S8-111, New York, NY 10029 USA
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Termine A, Fabrizio C, Strafella C, Caputo V, Petrosini L, Caltagirone C, Cascella R, Giardina E. A Hybrid Machine Learning and Network Analysis Approach Reveals Two Parkinson's Disease Subtypes from 115 RNA-Seq Post-Mortem Brain Samples. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052557. [PMID: 35269707 PMCID: PMC8910747 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Precision medicine emphasizes fine-grained diagnostics, taking individual variability into account to enhance treatment effectiveness. Parkinson’s disease (PD) heterogeneity among individuals proves the existence of disease subtypes, so subgrouping patients is vital for better understanding disease mechanisms and designing precise treatment. The purpose of this study was to identify PD subtypes using RNA-Seq data in a combined pipeline including unsupervised machine learning, bioinformatics, and network analysis. Two hundred and ten post mortem brain RNA-Seq samples from PD (n = 115) and normal controls (NCs, n = 95) were obtained with systematic data retrieval following PRISMA statements and a fully data-driven clustering pipeline was performed to identify PD subtypes. Bioinformatics and network analyses were performed to characterize the disease mechanisms of the identified PD subtypes and to identify target genes for drug repurposing. Two PD clusters were identified and 42 DEGs were found (p adjusted ≤ 0.01). PD clusters had significantly different gene network structures (p < 0.0001) and phenotype-specific disease mechanisms, highlighting the differential involvement of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway regulating adult neurogenesis. NEUROD1 was identified as a key regulator of gene networks and ISX9 and PD98059 were identified as NEUROD1-interacting compounds with disease-modifying potential, reducing the effects of dopaminergic neurodegeneration. This hybrid data analysis approach could enable precision medicine applications by providing insights for the identification and characterization of pathological subtypes. This workflow has proven useful on PD brain RNA-Seq, but its application to other neurodegenerative diseases is encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Termine
- Data Science Unit, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation c/o CERC, 00143 Rome, Italy; (A.T.); (C.F.)
| | - Carlo Fabrizio
- Data Science Unit, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation c/o CERC, 00143 Rome, Italy; (A.T.); (C.F.)
| | - Claudia Strafella
- Genomic Medicine Laboratory UILDM, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, 00179 Rome, Italy; (C.S.); (V.C.)
| | - Valerio Caputo
- Genomic Medicine Laboratory UILDM, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, 00179 Rome, Italy; (C.S.); (V.C.)
- Medical Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Laura Petrosini
- Experimental and Behavioral Neurophysiology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation c/o CERC, 00143 Rome, Italy;
| | - Carlo Caltagirone
- Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, 00179 Rome, Italy;
| | - Raffaella Cascella
- Medical Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy;
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Catholic University Our Lady of Good Counsel, 1000 Tirana, Albania
| | - Emiliano Giardina
- Genomic Medicine Laboratory UILDM, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, 00179 Rome, Italy; (C.S.); (V.C.)
- UILDM Lazio ONLUS Foundation, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Theunissen F, Flynn LL, Anderton RS, Akkari PA. Short structural variants as informative genetic markers for ALS disease risk and progression. BMC Med 2022; 20:11. [PMID: 35034660 PMCID: PMC8762977 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-021-02206-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
There is considerable variability in disease progression for patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) including the age of disease onset, site of disease onset, and survival time. There is growing evidence that short structural variations (SSVs) residing in frequently overlooked genomic regions can contribute to complex disease mechanisms and can explain, in part, the phenotypic variability in ALS patients. Here, we discuss SSVs recently characterized by our laboratory and how these discoveries integrate into the current literature on ALS, particularly in the context of application to future clinical trials. These markers may help to identify and differentiate patients for clinical trials that have a similar ALS disease mechanism(s), thereby reducing the impact of participant heterogeneity. As evidence accumulates for the genetic markers discovered in SQSTM1, SCAF4, and STMN2, we hope to improve the outcomes of future ALS clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frances Theunissen
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, First floor, RR block, QEII Medical Centre, 8 Verdun St, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia.
- Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia.
| | - Loren L Flynn
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, First floor, RR block, QEII Medical Centre, 8 Verdun St, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
- Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Black Swan Pharmaceuticals, Wake Forrest, NC, USA
| | - Ryan S Anderton
- Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Nursing, Midwifery and Health Sciences, University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, WA, 6160, Australia
| | - P Anthony Akkari
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, First floor, RR block, QEII Medical Centre, 8 Verdun St, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
- Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Black Swan Pharmaceuticals, Wake Forrest, NC, USA
- Division of Neurology, Duke University Medical Centre, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
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Xu P, Wang M, Song WM, Wang Q, Yuan GC, Sudmant PH, Zare H, Tu Z, Orr ME, Zhang B. The landscape of human tissue and cell type specific expression and co-regulation of senescence genes. Mol Neurodegener 2022; 17:5. [PMID: 35000600 PMCID: PMC8744330 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-021-00507-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cellular senescence is a complex stress response that impacts cellular function and organismal health. Multiple developmental and environmental factors, such as intrinsic cellular cues, radiation, oxidative stress, oncogenes, and protein accumulation, activate genes and pathways that can lead to senescence. Enormous efforts have been made to identify and characterize senescence genes (SnGs) in stress and disease systems. However, the prevalence of senescent cells in healthy human tissues and the global SnG expression signature in different cell types are poorly understood. METHODS This study performed an integrative gene network analysis of bulk and single-cell RNA-seq data in non-diseased human tissues to investigate SnG co-expression signatures and their cell-type specificity. RESULTS Through a comprehensive transcriptomic network analysis of 50 human tissues in the Genotype-Tissue Expression Project (GTEx) cohort, we identified SnG-enriched gene modules, characterized SnG co-expression patterns, and constructed aggregated SnG networks across primary tissues of the human body. Our network approaches identified 51 SnGs highly conserved across the human tissues, including CDKN1A (p21)-centered regulators that control cell cycle progression and the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). The SnG-enriched modules showed remarkable cell-type specificity, especially in fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and immune cells. Further analyses of single-cell RNA-seq and spatial transcriptomic data independently validated the cell-type specific SnG signatures predicted by the network analysis. CONCLUSIONS This study systematically revealed the co-regulated organizations and cell type specificity of SnGs in major human tissues, which can serve as a blueprint for future studies to map senescent cells and their cellular interactions in human tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xu
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - Minghui Wang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - Won-min Song
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - Guo-Cheng Yuan
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Institute for Precision Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - Peter H. Sudmant
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
- Center for Computational Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - Habil Zare
- Department of Cell Systems & Anatomy, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer’s and Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA
| | - Zhidong Tu
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - Miranda E. Orr
- Section of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157 USA
- Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer’s Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157 USA
- Salisbury VA Medical Center, Salisbury, NC 28144 USA
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Department of Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029 USA
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Ferraro F, Fevga C, Bonifati V, Mandemakers W, Mahfouz A, Reinders M. Correcting Differential Gene Expression Analysis for Cyto-Architectural Alterations in Substantia Nigra of Parkinson's Disease Patients Reveals Known and Potential Novel Disease-Associated Genes and Pathways. Cells 2022; 11:cells11020198. [PMID: 35053314 PMCID: PMC8774027 DOI: 10.3390/cells11020198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies have analyzed gene expression profiles in the substantia nigra to better understand the pathological mechanisms causing Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, the concordance between the identified gene signatures in these individual studies was generally low. This might have been caused by a change in cell type composition as loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta is a hallmark of PD. Through an extensive meta-analysis of nine previously published microarray studies, we demonstrated that a big proportion of the detected differentially expressed genes was indeed caused by cyto-architectural alterations due to the heterogeneity in the neurodegenerative stage and/or technical artefacts. After correcting for cell composition, we identified a common signature that deregulated the previously unreported ammonium transport, as well as known biological processes such as bioenergetic pathways, response to proteotoxic stress, and immune response. By integrating with protein interaction data, we shortlisted a set of key genes, such as LRRK2, PINK1, PRKN, and FBXO7, known to be related to PD, others with compelling evidence for their role in neurodegeneration, such as GSK3β, WWOX, and VPC, and novel potential players in the PD pathogenesis. Together, these data show the importance of accounting for cyto-architecture in these analyses and highlight the contribution of multiple cell types and novel processes to PD pathology, providing potential new targets for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Ferraro
- Erasmus MC, Department of Clinical Genetics, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (F.F.); (C.F.); (V.B.); (W.M.)
| | - Christina Fevga
- Erasmus MC, Department of Clinical Genetics, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (F.F.); (C.F.); (V.B.); (W.M.)
| | - Vincenzo Bonifati
- Erasmus MC, Department of Clinical Genetics, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (F.F.); (C.F.); (V.B.); (W.M.)
| | - Wim Mandemakers
- Erasmus MC, Department of Clinical Genetics, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (F.F.); (C.F.); (V.B.); (W.M.)
| | - Ahmed Mahfouz
- Delft Bioinformatics Labaratory, Delft University of Technology, 2628 XE Delft, The Netherlands;
- Leiden Computational Biology Center, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel Reinders
- Delft Bioinformatics Labaratory, Delft University of Technology, 2628 XE Delft, The Netherlands;
- Leiden Computational Biology Center, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
- Section Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
- Correspondence:
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Krokidis MG, Exarchos T, Vlamos P. Bioinformatics Approaches for Parkinson's Disease in Clinical Practice: Data-Driven Biomarkers and Pharmacological Treatment. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1338:193-198. [PMID: 34973025 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-78775-2_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is a gradually progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a selective loss of dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain area called the substantia nigra pars compacta and cytoplasmic alpha-synuclein-rich inclusions termed Lewy bodies. The etiology and pathogenesis remain incompletely understood. The development of reliable biomarkers for the early and accurate diagnosis, including biochemical, genetic, clinical, and neuroimaging markers, is crucial for unraveling the pathogenic processes of the disease as well as patients' progress surveillance. High-throughput technologies and system biology methodologies can support the identification of potent molecular fingerprints together with the establishment of dynamic network biomarkers. Emphasis is given on multi-omics datasets and dysregulated pathways associated with differentially expressed transcripts, modified protein motifs, and altered metabolic profiles. Although there is no therapy that terminates the neurodegenerative process and dopamine replacement strategy with L-DOPA represents the most effective treatment, numerous therapeutic protocols such as dopamine receptor agonists, MAO-B inhibitors, and cholinesterase inhibitors represent candidate treatments providing at the same time valuable network-based approaches to drug repositioning. Computational methodologies and bioinformatics platforms for visualization, clustering, and validating of molecular and clinical datasets provide important insights into diagnostic processing and therapeutic pipeline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marios G Krokidis
- Bioinformatics and Human Electrophysiology Laboratory, Department of Informatics, Ionian University, Corfu, Greece.
| | - Themis Exarchos
- Bioinformatics and Human Electrophysiology Laboratory, Department of Informatics, Ionian University, Corfu, Greece
| | - Panayiotis Vlamos
- Bioinformatics and Human Electrophysiology Laboratory, Department of Informatics, Ionian University, Corfu, Greece
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Corrêa PS, Jimenez CR, Mendes LW, Rymer C, Ray P, Gerdes L, da Silva VO, De Nadai Fernandes EA, Abdalla AL, Louvandini H. Taxonomy and Functional Diversity in the Fecal Microbiome of Beef Cattle Reared in Brazilian Traditional and Semi-Intensive Production Systems. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:768480. [PMID: 34956130 PMCID: PMC8692951 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.768480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The importance of beef production for economy of Brazil and the growing demand for animal protein across the globe warrant an improvement in the beef production system. Although most attention has been on modulation of the rumen microbiome to improve ruminant production, the role of the lower gut microbiome in host health and nutrition remains relatively unexplored. This work aimed to investigate the taxonomy and functional variations in the fecal microbiome of Brazilian beef cattle reared in two different production systems using a metagenomic approach. Sixty male beef cattle from six farms representing semi-intensive (I, n = 2) and traditional (T, n = 4) Brazilian beef production systems were enrolled in the study. Shotgun sequencing was used to characterize taxonomic and functional composition and diversity of the microbiome in fecal samples collected from each animal. Fecal samples were analyzed for copper (Cu), lead (Pb), nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), selenium (Se), and zinc (Zn) and stable isotopes of carbon (13C) and nitrogen (15N). The fecal microbiome was influenced by the beef production systems with greater functional and lower taxonomic diversity in beef cattle feces from I systems compared with that from T systems. The concentration of N, P, and Zn was higher in beef cattle feces from I systems compared with that from T systems and was associated with taxonomic and functional profile of fecal microbiome in I system, suggesting the role of fecal nutrients in shaping system-specific microbiome. Semi-intensive management practices led to a more complex but less connected fecal microbiome in beef cattle. The microbial community in beef cattle feces from I systems was characterized by greater abundance of beneficial bacteria (phylum Firmicutes and butyrate-producing bacteria family Lachnospiraceae and genera Anaerostipes, Blautia, Butyrivibrio, Eubacterium, Roseburia, and Ruminococcus). In addition, the fecal abundance of microbial genes related to immune system, nutrient metabolism, and energy production was greater in beef cattle raised under I systems compared with that under T systems. Findings of the current study suggest that semi-intensive management practices could facilitate the development of a healthier and more efficient fecal microbiome in beef cattle by driving an increase in the abundance of beneficial bacteria and functional genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Spoto Corrêa
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carolina Rodriguez Jimenez
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucas William Mendes
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Caroline Rymer
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Partha Ray
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Luciana Gerdes
- Reference Laboratory on Classification and Evaluation of Animal Products, Institute of Zootechnics, Nova Odessa, Brazil
| | - Vagner Ovani da Silva
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Adibe Luiz Abdalla
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Helder Louvandini
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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35
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Mitochondrial dysfunction as a trigger of programmed axon death. Trends Neurosci 2021; 45:53-63. [PMID: 34852932 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2021.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial failure has long been associated with programmed axon death (Wallerian degeneration, WD), a widespread and potentially preventable mechanism of axon degeneration. While early findings in axotomised axons indicated that mitochondria are involved during the execution steps of this pathway, recent studies suggest that in addition, mitochondrial dysfunction can initiate programmed axon death without physical injury. As mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with disorders involving early axon loss, including Parkinson's disease, peripheral neuropathies, and multiple sclerosis, the findings that programmed axon death is activated by mitochondrial impairment could indicate the involvement of druggable mechanisms whose disruption may protect axons in such diseases. Here, we review the latest developments linking mitochondrial dysfunction to programmed axon death and discuss their implications for injury and disease.
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36
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New perspectives on cytoskeletal dysregulation and mitochondrial mislocalization in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Transl Neurodegener 2021; 10:46. [PMID: 34789332 PMCID: PMC8597313 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-021-00272-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by selective, early degeneration of motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord. Motor neurons have long axonal projections, which rely on the integrity of neuronal cytoskeleton and mitochondria to regulate energy requirements for maintaining axonal stability, anterograde and retrograde transport, and signaling between neurons. The formation of protein aggregates which contain cytoskeletal proteins, and mitochondrial dysfunction both have devastating effects on the function of neurons and are shared pathological features across several neurodegenerative conditions, including ALS, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease and Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. Furthermore, it is becoming increasingly clear that cytoskeletal integrity and mitochondrial function are intricately linked. Therefore, dysregulations of the cytoskeletal network and mitochondrial homeostasis and localization, may be common pathways in the initial steps of neurodegeneration. Here we review and discuss known contributors, including variants in genetic loci and aberrant protein activities, which modify cytoskeletal integrity, axonal transport and mitochondrial localization in ALS and have overlapping features with other neurodegenerative diseases. Additionally, we explore some emerging pathways that may contribute to this disruption in ALS.
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37
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Fernandes HJR, Patikas N, Foskolou S, Field SF, Park JE, Byrne ML, Bassett AR, Metzakopian E. Single-Cell Transcriptomics of Parkinson's Disease Human In Vitro Models Reveals Dopamine Neuron-Specific Stress Responses. Cell Rep 2021; 33:108263. [PMID: 33053338 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The advent of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neurons has revolutionized Parkinson's disease (PD) research, but single-cell transcriptomic analysis suggests unresolved cellular heterogeneity within these models. Here, we perform the largest single-cell transcriptomic study of human iPSC-derived dopaminergic neurons to elucidate gene expression dynamics in response to cytotoxic and genetic stressors. We identify multiple neuronal subtypes with transcriptionally distinct profiles and differential sensitivity to stress, highlighting cellular heterogeneity in dopamine in vitro models. We validate this disease model by showing robust expression of PD GWAS genes and overlap with postmortem adult substantia nigra neurons. Importantly, stress signatures are ameliorated using felodipine, an FDA-approved drug. Using isogenic SNCA-A53T mutants, we find perturbations in glycolysis, cholesterol metabolism, synaptic signaling, and ubiquitin-proteasomal degradation. Overall, our study reveals cell type-specific perturbations in human dopamine neurons, which will further our understanding of PD and have implications for cell replacement therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo J R Fernandes
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0AH, UK; Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Nikolaos Patikas
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0AH, UK
| | - Stefanie Foskolou
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0AH, UK; Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Sarah F Field
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0AH, UK
| | - Jong-Eun Park
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK; Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Meg L Byrne
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Andrew R Bassett
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Emmanouil Metzakopian
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0AH, UK.
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38
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Yao S, Chen Z, Yu Y, Zhang N, Jiang H, Zhang G, Zhang Z, Zhang B. Current Pharmacological Strategies for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:689533. [PMID: 34490244 PMCID: PMC8417245 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.689533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a lethal, X-linked neuromuscular disorder caused by the absence of dystrophin protein, which is essential for muscle fiber integrity. Loss of dystrophin protein leads to recurrent myofiber damage, chronic inflammation, progressive fibrosis, and dysfunction of muscle stem cells. There is still no cure for DMD so far and the standard of care is principally limited to symptom relief through glucocorticoids treatments. Current therapeutic strategies could be divided into two lines. Dystrophin-targeted therapeutic strategies that aim at restoring the expression and/or function of dystrophin, including gene-based, cell-based and protein replacement therapies. The other line of therapeutic strategies aims to improve muscle function and quality by targeting the downstream pathological changes, including inflammation, fibrosis, and muscle atrophy. This review introduces the important developments in these two lines of strategies, especially those that have entered the clinical phase and/or have great potential for clinical translation. The rationale and efficacy of each agent in pre-clinical or clinical studies are presented. Furthermore, a meta-analysis of gene profiling in DMD patients has been performed to understand the molecular mechanisms of DMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Yao
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Zihao Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Yuanyuan Yu
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Ning Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Hewen Jiang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Ge Zhang
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Zongkang Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Baoting Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
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Huang Y, Liu H, Hu J, Han C, Zhong Z, Luo W, Zhang Y, Ling F. Significant Difference of Immune Cell Fractions and Their Correlations With Differential Expression Genes in Parkinson's Disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:686066. [PMID: 34483877 PMCID: PMC8416258 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.686066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most neurodegenerative disease in the world. T cell infiltration in the central nervous system (CNS) has provided insights that the peripheral immune cells participate in the pathogenesis of PD. However, the association between the peripheral immune system and CNS remains to be elucidated. In this study, we analyzed incorporative substantia nigra (SN) expression data and blood expression data using the CIBERSORT to obtain the 22 immune cell fractions and then explored the molecular function to identify the potential key immune cell types and genes of PD. We observed that the proportions of naïve CD4 T cells, gamma delta T cells, resting natural killer (NK) cells, neutrophils in the blood, and regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the SN were significantly different between patients with PD and healthy controls (HCs). We identified p53-induced death domain protein 1 (PIDD1) as the hub gene of a PD-related module. The enrichment score of the neuron-specific gene set was significantly different between PD and HC, and genes in the neuron-related module were enriched in the biological process about mitochondria and synapses. These results suggested that the fractions of naïve CD4 T cells, gamma delta T cells, resting NK cells, and neutrophils may be used as a combined diagnostic marker in the blood, and Tregs in SN may be a potential therapeutic design target for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Huang
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huisheng Liu
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaqi Hu
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chongyin Han
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenggang Zhong
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Luo
- Clinical Research Institute, Foshan Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Foshan, China
| | - Yuhu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Neuroscience Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fei Ling
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
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40
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Human inducible pluripotent stem cells: Realization of initial promise in drug discovery. Cell Stem Cell 2021; 28:1507-1515. [PMID: 34478628 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2021.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Over the course of the last decade, the biopharmaceutical industry has slowly adopted human inducible pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) technology to enable the development of humanized model systems to test new therapeutic molecules and drug modalities. The adoption of hiPSC-based models by the industry has increased appreciably in the past 3-5 years. This increase has paralleled the explosion in availability of high-quality human genetic data to mine for new drug targets and the emergence of human-specific therapeutic modalities.
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Hartl CL, Ramaswami G, Pembroke WG, Muller S, Pintacuda G, Saha A, Parsana P, Battle A, Lage K, Geschwind DH. Coexpression network architecture reveals the brain-wide and multiregional basis of disease susceptibility. Nat Neurosci 2021; 24:1313-1323. [PMID: 34294919 PMCID: PMC10263365 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-021-00887-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Gene networks have yielded numerous neurobiological insights, yet an integrated view across brain regions is lacking. We leverage RNA sequencing in 864 samples representing 12 brain regions to robustly identify 12 brain-wide, 50 cross-regional and 114 region-specific coexpression modules. Nearly 40% of genes fall into brain-wide modules, while 25% comprise region-specific modules reflecting regional biology, such as oxytocin signaling in the hypothalamus, or addiction pathways in the nucleus accumbens. Schizophrenia and autism genetic risk are enriched in brain-wide and multiregional modules, indicative of broad impact; these modules implicate neuronal proliferation and activity-dependent processes, including endocytosis and splicing, in disease pathophysiology. We find that cell-type-specific long noncoding RNA and gene isoforms contribute substantially to regional synaptic diversity and that constrained, mutation-intolerant genes are primarily enriched in neurons. We leverage these data using an omnigenic-inspired network framework to characterize how coexpression and gene regulatory networks reflect neuropsychiatric disease risk, supporting polygenic models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher L Hartl
- Interdepartmental Program in Bioinformatics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Program in Neurogenetics, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Gokul Ramaswami
- Program in Neurogenetics, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - William G Pembroke
- Program in Neurogenetics, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sandrine Muller
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Greta Pintacuda
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ashis Saha
- Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Princy Parsana
- Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alexis Battle
- Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kasper Lage
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Institute for Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Center Sct. Hans, University of Copenhagen, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Daniel H Geschwind
- Program in Neurogenetics, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institue, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Center for Autism Research and Treatment, Semel Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Navarro E, Udine E, de Paiva Lopes K, Parks M, Riboldi G, Schilder BM, Humphrey J, Snijders GJL, Vialle RA, Zhuang M, Sikder T, Argyrou C, Allan A, Chao MJ, Farrell K, Henderson B, Simon S, Raymond D, Elango S, Ortega RA, Shanker V, Swan M, Zhu CW, Ramdhani R, Walker RH, Tse W, Sano M, Pereira AC, Ahfeldt T, Goate AM, Bressman S, Crary JF, de Witte L, Frucht S, Saunders-Pullman R, Raj T. Dysregulation of mitochondrial and proteolysosomal genes in Parkinson's disease myeloid cells. NATURE AGING 2021; 1:850-863. [PMID: 35005630 PMCID: PMC8728893 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-021-00110-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
An increasing number of identified Parkinson's disease (PD) risk loci contain genes highly expressed in innate immune cells, yet their role in pathology is not understood. We hypothesize that PD susceptibility genes modulate disease risk by influencing gene expression within immune cells. To address this, we have generated transcriptomic profiles of monocytes from 230 individuals with sporadic PD and healthy subjects. We observed a dysregulation of mitochondrial and proteasomal pathways. We also generated transcriptomic profiles of primary microglia from brains of 55 subjects and observed discordant transcriptomic signatures of mitochondrial genes in PD monocytes and microglia. We further identified 17 PD susceptibility genes whose expression, relative to each risk allele, is altered in monocytes. These findings reveal widespread transcriptomic alterations in PD monocytes, with some being distinct from microglia, and facilitate efforts to understand the roles of myeloid cells in PD as well as the development of biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Navarro
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience & Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences & Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Estelle and Daniel Maggin Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Evan Udine
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience & Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences & Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Estelle and Daniel Maggin Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Katia de Paiva Lopes
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience & Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences & Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Estelle and Daniel Maggin Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Madison Parks
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience & Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences & Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Estelle and Daniel Maggin Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Giulietta Riboldi
- The Marlene and Paolo Fresco Institute for Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, United States of America
- Universita degli Studi di Milano, Molecular and Translational Medicine, Milan, Italy
| | - Brian M. Schilder
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience & Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences & Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Estelle and Daniel Maggin Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Jack Humphrey
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience & Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences & Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Estelle and Daniel Maggin Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Gijsje J. L. Snijders
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States of America
- Mental Illness Research Education Clinical, Centers of Excellence, VA, Mental Health, Veterans, Bronx, United States of America
| | - Ricardo A. Vialle
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience & Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences & Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Estelle and Daniel Maggin Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Maojuan Zhuang
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience & Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences & Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Estelle and Daniel Maggin Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Tamjeed Sikder
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience & Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Neuropathology Brain Bank & Research CoRE, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Charalambos Argyrou
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience & Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences & Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Estelle and Daniel Maggin Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Amanda Allan
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience & Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences & Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Estelle and Daniel Maggin Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Michael J. Chao
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience & Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences & Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Estelle and Daniel Maggin Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Kurt Farrell
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience & Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Neuropathology Brain Bank & Research CoRE, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Brooklyn Henderson
- The Marlene and Paolo Fresco Institute for Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Sarah Simon
- Estelle and Daniel Maggin Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai Beth Israel, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Deborah Raymond
- Estelle and Daniel Maggin Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai Beth Israel, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Sonya Elango
- Estelle and Daniel Maggin Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai Beth Israel, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Roberto A. Ortega
- Estelle and Daniel Maggin Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai Beth Israel, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Vicki Shanker
- Estelle and Daniel Maggin Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai Beth Israel, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Matthew Swan
- Estelle and Daniel Maggin Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai Beth Israel, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Carolyn W. Zhu
- Department of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Centers (GRECC), James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, New York, NY, United States of America
- Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (ADRC), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Ritesh Ramdhani
- Department of Neurology, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra Northwell, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Ruth H. Walker
- Estelle and Daniel Maggin Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States of America
| | - Winona Tse
- Estelle and Daniel Maggin Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Mary Sano
- Department of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Centers (GRECC), James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, New York, NY, United States of America
- Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (ADRC), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Ana C. Pereira
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience & Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Estelle and Daniel Maggin Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Tim Ahfeldt
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience & Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Estelle and Daniel Maggin Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Alison M. Goate
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience & Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences & Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Estelle and Daniel Maggin Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Susan Bressman
- Estelle and Daniel Maggin Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai Beth Israel, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - John F. Crary
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience & Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Neuropathology Brain Bank & Research CoRE, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Lotje de Witte
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States of America
- Mental Illness Research Education Clinical, Centers of Excellence, VA, Mental Health, Veterans, Bronx, United States of America
| | - Steven Frucht
- The Marlene and Paolo Fresco Institute for Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Rachel Saunders-Pullman
- Estelle and Daniel Maggin Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai Beth Israel, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Towfique Raj
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience & Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences & Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Estelle and Daniel Maggin Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
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Liu R, Tearle R, Low WY, Chen T, Thomsen D, Smith TPL, Hiendleder S, Williams JL. Distinctive gene expression patterns and imprinting signatures revealed in reciprocal crosses between cattle sub-species. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:410. [PMID: 34082698 PMCID: PMC8176687 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07667-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There are two genetically distinct subspecies of cattle, Bos taurus taurus and Bos taurus indicus, which arose from independent domestication events. The two types of cattle show substantial phenotypic differences, some of which emerge during fetal development and are reflected in birth outcomes, including birth weight. We explored gene expression profiles in the placenta and four fetal tissues at mid-gestation from one taurine (Bos taurus taurus; Angus) and one indicine (Bos taurus indicus; Brahman) breed and their reciprocal crosses. Results In total 120 samples were analysed from a pure taurine breed, an indicine breed and their reciprocal cross fetuses, which identified 6456 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the two pure breeds in at least one fetal tissue of which 110 genes were differentially expressed in all five tissues examined. DEGs shared across tissues were enriched for pathways related to immune and stress response functions. Only the liver had a substantial number of DEGs when reciprocal crossed were compared among which 310 DEGs were found to be in common with DEGs identified between purebred livers; these DEGs were significantly enriched for metabolic process GO terms. Analysis of DEGs across purebred and crossbred tissues suggested an additive expression pattern for most genes, where both paternal and maternal alleles contributed to variation in gene expression levels. However, expression of 5% of DEGs in each tissue was consistent with parent of origin effects, with both paternal and maternal dominance effects identified. Conclusions These data identify candidate genes potentially driving the tissue-specific differences between these taurine and indicine breeds and provide a biological insight into parental genome effects underlying phenotypic differences in bovine fetal development. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-021-07667-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijie Liu
- Davies Research Centre, School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Rick Tearle
- Davies Research Centre, School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Wai Yee Low
- Davies Research Centre, School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Tong Chen
- Davies Research Centre, School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Dana Thomsen
- Davies Research Centre, School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.,Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Timothy P L Smith
- USMARC, USDA-ARS-US Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, NE, USA
| | - Stefan Hiendleder
- Davies Research Centre, School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.,Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - John L Williams
- Davies Research Centre, School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia. .,Present address: Dipartimento di Scienze Animali, della Nutrizione e degli Alimenti, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy.
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Sun X, Wang Q, Blennow K, Zetterberg H, McCarthy M, Loewenstein DA, Vontell R, Yue Z, Zhang B. Association of neurogranin gene expression with Alzheimer's disease pathology in the perirhinal cortex. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA (NEW YORK, N. Y.) 2021; 7:e12162. [PMID: 33860070 PMCID: PMC8033412 DOI: 10.1002/trc2.12162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Synaptic damage is a key pathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The mechanism underlying synaptic vulnerability in AD remains elusive. METHODS Using a large-scale transcriptomic dataset, we analyzed the neurogranin-centered integrative gene network and assessed the correlation of neurogranin (NRGN) gene expression with AD pathology in post mortem brains. We studied the association of NRGN expression with Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) and neuropathological diagnosis of AD. RESULTS We find that the genes positively correlated with NRGN expression in AD are involved in synaptic transmission and cation channel pathways. NRGN expression is correlated with amyloid and tau pathology in the perirhinal cortex of post mortem brains. NRGN expression is associated with the diagnosis of AD and correlated with CDR. DISCUSSION Transcriptional regulation of the gene encoding for synaptic protein is involved in selective synaptic damage in AD. Identifying the genes associated with synaptic damage pathways in AD may provide targets for intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Sun
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFloridaUSA
- Evelyn F. McKnight Brain InstituteBrain Endowment BankUniversity of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFloridaUSA
| | - Qian Wang
- Departments of Neurology and NeuroscienceFriedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic SciencesIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease ModelingIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multi‐scale BiologyIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Department of Psychiatry and NeurochemistryInstitute of Neuroscience and PhysiologySahlgrenska Academy at the University GothenburgMölndalSweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry LaboratorySahlgrenska University HospitalMölndalSweden
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and NeurochemistryInstitute of Neuroscience and PhysiologySahlgrenska Academy at the University GothenburgMölndalSweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry LaboratorySahlgrenska University HospitalMölndalSweden
- Department of Neurodegenerative DiseaseUCL Institute of NeurologyLondonUK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCLLondonUK
| | - Micheline McCarthy
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFloridaUSA
| | - David A. Loewenstein
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesCenter for Cognitive Neuroscience and AgingUniversity of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFloridaUSA
| | - Regina Vontell
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFloridaUSA
- Evelyn F. McKnight Brain InstituteBrain Endowment BankUniversity of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFloridaUSA
| | - Zhenyu Yue
- Departments of Neurology and NeuroscienceFriedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic SciencesIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease ModelingIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multi‐scale BiologyIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew YorkUSA
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Klim JR, Pintacuda G, Nash LA, Guerra San Juan I, Eggan K. Connecting TDP-43 Pathology with Neuropathy. Trends Neurosci 2021; 44:424-440. [PMID: 33832769 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2021.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Transactive response DNA-binding protein 43 kDa (TDP-43), a multifunctional nucleic acid-binding protein, is a primary component of insoluble aggregates associated with several devastating nervous system disorders; mutations in TARDBP, its encoding gene, are a cause of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Here, we review established and emerging roles of TDP-43 and consider how its dysfunction impinges on RNA homeostasis in the nervous system, thereby contributing to neural degeneration. Notably, improper splicing of the axonal growth-associated factor STMN2 has recently been connected to TDP-43 dysfunction, providing a mechanistic link between TDP-43 proteinopathies and neuropathy. This review highlights how a deep understanding of the function of TDP-43 in the brain might be leveraged to develop new targeted therapies for several neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph R Klim
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Greta Pintacuda
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Leslie A Nash
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Irune Guerra San Juan
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Functional Genomics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, The Netherlands
| | - Kevin Eggan
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
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Theunissen F, Anderton RS, Mastaglia FL, Flynn LL, Winter SJ, James I, Bedlack R, Hodgetts S, Fletcher S, Wilton SD, Laing NG, MacShane M, Needham M, Saunders A, Mackay-Sim A, Melamed Z, Ravits J, Cleveland DW, Akkari PA. Novel STMN2 Variant Linked to Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Risk and Clinical Phenotype. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:658226. [PMID: 33841129 PMCID: PMC8033025 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.658226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective There is a critical need to establish genetic markers that explain the complex phenotypes and pathogenicity of ALS. This study identified a polymorphism in the Stathmin-2 gene and investigated its association with sporadic ALS (sALS) disease risk, age-of onset and survival duration. Methods The candidate CA repeat was systematically analyzed using PCR, Sanger sequencing and high throughput capillary separation for genotyping. Stathmin-2 expression was investigated using RT-PCR in patient olfactory neurosphere-derived (ONS) cells and RNA sequencing in laser-captured spinal motor neurons. Results In a case-control analysis of a combined North American sALS cohort (n = 321) and population control group (n = 332), long/long CA genotypes were significantly associated with disease risk (p = 0.042), and most strongly when one allele was a 24 CA repeat (p = 0.0023). In addition, longer CA allele length was associated with earlier age-of-onset (p = 0.039), and shorter survival duration in bulbar-onset cases (p = 0.006). In an Australian longitudinal sALS cohort (n = 67), ALS functional rating scale scores were significantly lower in carriers of the long/long genotype (p = 0.034). Stathmin-2 mRNA expression was reduced in sporadic patient ONS cells. Additionally, sALS patients and controls exhibited variable expression of Stathmin-2 mRNA according to CA genotype in laser-captured spinal motor neurons. Conclusions We report a novel non-coding CA repeat in Stathmin-2 which is associated with sALS disease risk and has disease modifying effects. The potential value of this variant as a disease marker and tool for cohort enrichment in clinical trials warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frances Theunissen
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Ryan S Anderton
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,School of Health Sciences, Institute for Health Research, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, WA, Australia
| | - Frank L Mastaglia
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Loren L Flynn
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia.,Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Samantha J Winter
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,School of Health Sciences, Institute for Health Research, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, WA, Australia
| | - Ian James
- Institute for Immunology and Infectious Disease, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Richard Bedlack
- Department of Neurology, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Stuart Hodgetts
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,School of Human Sciences, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Sue Fletcher
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia.,Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Steve D Wilton
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia.,Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Nigel G Laing
- Centre for Medical Research, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Mandi MacShane
- Centre for Medical Research, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Merrilee Needham
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, WA, Australia.,Department of Neurology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | - Ann Saunders
- Zinfandel Pharmaceuticals, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Alan Mackay-Sim
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, Australia
| | - Ze'ev Melamed
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - John Ravits
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Don W Cleveland
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States.,Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - P Anthony Akkari
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia.,Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Department of Neurology, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
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Selective Activation of CNS and Reference PPARGC1A Promoters Is Associated with Distinct Gene Programs Relevant for Neurodegenerative Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073296. [PMID: 33804860 PMCID: PMC8036390 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcriptional regulator peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma coactivator 1A (PGC-1α), encoded by PPARGC1A, has been linked to neurodegenerative diseases. Recently discovered CNS-specific PPARGC1A transcripts are initiated far upstream of the reference promoter, spliced to exon 2 of the reference gene, and are more abundant than reference gene transcripts in post-mortem human brain samples. The proteins translated from the CNS and reference transcripts differ only at their N-terminal regions. To dissect functional differences between CNS-specific isoforms and reference proteins, we used clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats transcriptional activation (CRISPRa) for selective endogenous activation of the CNS or the reference promoters in SH-SY5Y cells. Expression and/or exon usage of the targets was ascertained by RNA sequencing. Compared to controls, more differentially expressed genes were observed after activation of the CNS than the reference gene promoter, while the magnitude of alternative exon usage was comparable between activation of the two promoters. Promoter-selective associations were observed with canonical signaling pathways, mitochondrial and nervous system functions and neurological diseases. The distinct N-terminal as well as the shared downstream regions of PGC-1α isoforms affect the exon usage of numerous genes. Furthermore, associations of risk genes of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Parkinson's disease were noted with differentially expressed genes resulting from the activation of the CNS and reference gene promoter, respectively. Thus, CNS-specific isoforms markedly amplify the biological functions of PPARGC1A and CNS-specific isoforms and reference proteins have common, complementary and selective functions relevant for neurodegenerative diseases.
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Deep sequencing of sncRNAs reveals hallmarks and regulatory modules of the transcriptome during Parkinson’s disease progression. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 1:309-322. [PMID: 37118411 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-021-00042-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Noncoding RNAs have diagnostic and prognostic importance in Parkinson's disease (PD). We studied circulating small noncoding RNAs (sncRNAs) in two large-scale longitudinal PD cohorts (Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) and Luxembourg Parkinson's Study (NCER-PD)) and modeled their impact on the transcriptome. Sequencing of sncRNAs in 5,450 blood samples of 1,614 individuals in PPMI yielded 323 billion reads, most of which mapped to microRNAs but covered also other RNA classes such as piwi-interacting RNAs, ribosomal RNAs and small nucleolar RNAs. Dysregulated microRNAs associated with disease and disease progression occur in two distinct waves in the third and seventh decade of life. Originating predominantly from immune cells, they resemble a systemic inflammation response and mitochondrial dysfunction, two hallmarks of PD. Profiling 1,553 samples from 1,024 individuals in the NCER-PD cohort validated biomarkers and main findings by an independent technology. Finally, network analysis of sncRNA and transcriptome sequencing from PPMI identified regulatory modules emerging in patients with progressing PD.
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49
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Wang Q, Zhang B, Yue Z. Disentangling the Molecular Pathways of Parkinson's Disease using Multiscale Network Modeling. Trends Neurosci 2021; 44:182-188. [PMID: 33358606 PMCID: PMC10942661 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2020.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder. The identification of genetic variants has shed light on the molecular pathways for inherited PD, while the disease mechanism for idiopathic PD remains elusive, partly due to a lack of robust tools. The complexity of PD arises from the heterogeneity of clinical symptoms, pathologies, environmental insults contributing to the disease, and disease comorbidities. Molecular networks have been increasingly used to identify molecular pathways and drug targets in complex human diseases. Here, we review recent advances in molecular network approaches and their application to PD. We discuss how network modeling can predict functions of PD genetic risk factors through network context and assist in the discovery of network-based therapeutics for neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, NY 10029, USA; Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, NY 10029, USA; Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, NY 10029, USA; Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, NY 10029-6501, USA; Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, NY 10029, USA
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, NY 10029, USA; Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, NY 10029, USA; Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, NY 10029, USA; Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, NY 10029-6501, USA.
| | - Zhenyu Yue
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, NY 10029, USA.
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50
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Xicoy H, Vila M, Laguna A. Systems Medicine in Parkinson׳s Disease: Joining Efforts to Change History. SYSTEMS MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-801238-3.11612-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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