1
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Zhu Z, Zhang Y, Zhang W, Tang D, Zhang S, Wang L, Zou X, Ni Z, Zhang S, Lv Y, Xiang N. High-throughput enrichment of portal venous circulating tumor cells for highly sensitive diagnosis of CA19-9-negative pancreatic cancer patients using inertial microfluidics. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 259:116411. [PMID: 38781696 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) is commonly used as a representative biomarker for pancreatic cancer (PC); however, it lacks sensitivity and specificity for early-stage PC diagnosis. Furthermore, some patients with PC are negative for CA19-9 (<37 U/mL), which introduces additional limitations to their accurate diagnosis and treatment. Hence, improved methods to accurately detect PC stages in CA19-9-negative patients are warranted. In this study, tumor-proximal liquid biopsy and inertial microfluidics were coupled to enable high-throughput enrichment of portal venous circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and support the effective diagnosis of patients with early-stage PC. The proposed inertial microfluidic system was shown to provide size-based enrichment of CTCs using inertial focusing and Dean flow effects in slanted spiral channels. Notably, portal venous blood samples were found to have twice the yield of CTCs (21.4 cells per 5 mL) compared with peripheral blood (10.9 CTCs per 5 mL). A combination of peripheral and portal CTC data along with CA19-9 results showed to greatly improve the average accuracy of CA19-9-negative PC patients from 47.1% with regular CA19-9 tests up to 87.1%. Hence, portal venous CTC-based microfluidic biopsy can be used with high sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of early-stage PC, particularly in CA19-9-negative patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixian Zhu
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Yixuan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, No.321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China; Nanjing University Institute of Pancreatology, China
| | - Wenjun Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, No.321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dezhi Tang
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Song Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, No.321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China; Nanjing University Institute of Pancreatology, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, No.321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China; Nanjing University Institute of Pancreatology, China
| | - Xiaoping Zou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, No.321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China; Nanjing University Institute of Pancreatology, China
| | - Zhonghua Ni
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China.
| | - Shu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, No.321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China; Nanjing University Institute of Pancreatology, China.
| | - Ying Lv
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, No.321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China; Nanjing University Institute of Pancreatology, China.
| | - Nan Xiang
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China.
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2
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Zhang YW, Gvozdenovic A, Aceto N. A Molecular Voyage: Multiomics Insights into Circulating Tumor Cells. Cancer Discov 2024; 14:920-933. [PMID: 38581442 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-24-0218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) play a pivotal role in metastasis, the leading cause of cancer-associated death. Recent improvements of CTC isolation tools, coupled with a steady development of multiomics technologies at single-cell resolution, have enabled an extensive exploration of CTC biology, unlocking insights into their molecular profiles. A detailed molecular portrait requires CTC interrogation across various levels encompassing genomic, epigenetic, transcriptomic, proteomic and metabolic features. Here, we review how state-of-the-art multiomics applied to CTCs are shedding light on how cancer spreads. Further, we highlight the potential implications of CTC profiling for clinical applications aimed at enhancing cancer diagnosis and treatment. SIGNIFICANCE Exploring the complexity of cancer progression through cutting-edge multiomics studies holds the promise of uncovering novel aspects of cancer biology and identifying therapeutic vulnerabilities to suppress metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wei Zhang
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH Zurich), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ana Gvozdenovic
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH Zurich), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nicola Aceto
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH Zurich), Zurich, Switzerland
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3
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Rosenblum SL, Soueid DM, Giambasu G, Vander Roest S, Pasternak A, DiMauro EF, Simov V, Garner AL. Live cell screening to identify RNA-binding small molecule inhibitors of the pre-let-7-Lin28 RNA-protein interaction. RSC Med Chem 2024; 15:1539-1546. [PMID: 38784453 PMCID: PMC11110735 DOI: 10.1039/d4md00123k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of the networking of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) and RNAs drives many human diseases, including cancers, and the targeting of RNA-protein interactions (RPIs) has emerged as an exciting area of RNA-targeted drug discovery. Accordingly, methods that enable the discovery of cell-active small molecule modulators of RPIs are needed to propel this emerging field forward. Herein, we describe the application of live-cell assay technology, RNA interaction with protein-mediated complementation assay (RiPCA), for high-throughput screening to identify small molecule inhibitors of the pre-let-7d-Lin28A RPI. Utilizing a combination of RNA-biased small molecules and virtual screening hits, we discovered an RNA-binding small molecule that can disrupt the pre-let-7-Lin28 interaction demonstrating the potential of RiPCA for advancing RPI-targeted drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sydney L Rosenblum
- Program in Chemical Biology, University of Michigan 210 Washtenaw Avenue Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA
| | - Dalia M Soueid
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan 1600 Huron Parkway, NCRC B520 Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA
| | - George Giambasu
- Computational Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc. Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - Steve Vander Roest
- Center for Chemical Genomics, Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan 210 Washtenaw Avenue Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA
| | | | - Erin F DiMauro
- Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc. Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - Vladimir Simov
- Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc. Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - Amanda L Garner
- Program in Chemical Biology, University of Michigan 210 Washtenaw Avenue Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan 1600 Huron Parkway, NCRC B520 Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA
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4
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Shanehband N, Naghib SM. Recent advances in nano/microfluidics-based cell isolation techniques for cancer diagnosis and treatments. Biochimie 2024; 220:122-143. [PMID: 38176605 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2024.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Miniaturization has improved significantly in the recent decade, which has enabled the development of numerous microfluidic systems. Microfluidic technologies have shown great potential for separating desired cells from heterogeneous samples, as they offer benefits such as low sample consumption, easy operation, and high separation accuracy. Microfluidic cell separation approaches can be classified into physical (label-free) and biological (labeled) methods based on their working principles. Each method has remarkable and feasible benefits for the purposes of cancer detection and therapy, as well as the challenges that we have discussed in this article. In this review, we present the recent advances in microfluidic cell sorting techniques that incorporate both physical and biological aspects, with an emphasis on the methods by which the cells are separated. We first introduce and discuss the biological cell sorting techniques, followed by the physical cell sorting techniques. Additionally, we explore the role of microfluidics in drug screening, drug delivery, and lab-on-chip (LOC) therapy. In addition, we discuss the challenges and future prospects of integrated microfluidics for cell sorting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Shanehband
- Nanotechnology Department, School of Advanced Technologies, Iran University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 16846-13114, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Morteza Naghib
- Nanotechnology Department, School of Advanced Technologies, Iran University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 16846-13114, Tehran, Iran.
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5
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Ling RE, Cross JW, Roy A. Aberrant stem cell and developmental programs in pediatric leukemia. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1372899. [PMID: 38601080 PMCID: PMC11004259 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1372899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Hematopoiesis is a finely orchestrated process, whereby hematopoietic stem cells give rise to all mature blood cells. Crucially, they maintain the ability to self-renew and/or differentiate to replenish downstream progeny. This process starts at an embryonic stage and continues throughout the human lifespan. Blood cancers such as leukemia occur when normal hematopoiesis is disrupted, leading to uncontrolled proliferation and a block in differentiation of progenitors of a particular lineage (myeloid or lymphoid). Although normal stem cell programs are crucial for tissue homeostasis, these can be co-opted in many cancers, including leukemia. Myeloid or lymphoid leukemias often display stem cell-like properties that not only allow proliferation and survival of leukemic blasts but also enable them to escape treatments currently employed to treat patients. In addition, some leukemias, especially in children, have a fetal stem cell profile, which may reflect the developmental origins of the disease. Aberrant fetal stem cell programs necessary for leukemia maintenance are particularly attractive therapeutic targets. Understanding how hijacked stem cell programs lead to aberrant gene expression in place and time, and drive the biology of leukemia, will help us develop the best treatment strategies for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca E. Ling
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Joe W. Cross
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Anindita Roy
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Department of Haematology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, United Kingdom
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6
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Xie Q, Liu S, Zhang S, Liao L, Xiao Z, Wang S, Zhang P. Research progress on the multi-omics and survival status of circulating tumor cells. Clin Exp Med 2024; 24:49. [PMID: 38427120 PMCID: PMC10907490 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-024-01309-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
In the dynamic process of metastasis, circulating tumor cells (CTCs) emanate from the primary solid tumor and subsequently acquire the capacity to disengage from the basement membrane, facilitating their infiltration into the vascular system via the interstitial tissue. Given the pivotal role of CTCs in the intricate hematogenous metastasis, they have emerged as an essential resource for a deeper comprehension of cancer metastasis while also serving as a cornerstone for the development of new indicators for early cancer screening and new therapeutic targets. In the epoch of precision medicine, as CTC enrichment and separation technologies continually advance and reach full fruition, the domain of CTC research has transcended the mere straightforward detection and quantification. The rapid advancement of CTC analysis platforms has presented a compelling opportunity for in-depth exploration of CTCs within the bloodstream. Here, we provide an overview of the current status and research significance of multi-omics studies on CTCs, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics. These studies have contributed to uncovering the unique heterogeneity of CTCs and identifying potential metastatic targets as well as specific recognition sites. We also review the impact of various states of CTCs in the bloodstream on their metastatic potential, such as clustered CTCs, interactions with other blood components, and the phenotypic states of CTCs after undergoing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Within this context, we also discuss the therapeutic implications and potential of CTCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingming Xie
- NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics, Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shilei Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics, Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Sai Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics, Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Liqiu Liao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Hunan Clinical Meditech Research Center for Breast Cancer, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Xiao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Hunan Clinical Meditech Research Center for Breast Cancer, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shouman Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Hunan Clinical Meditech Research Center for Breast Cancer, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Pengfei Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics, Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
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7
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Xu J, Roe J, Lee E, Tonelli C, Ji KY, Younis OW, Somervile TD, Yao M, Milazzo JP, Tiriac H, Kolarzyk AM, Lee E, Grem JL, Lazenby AJ, Grunkemeyer JA, Hollingsworth MA, Grandgenett PM, Borowsky AD, Park Y, Vakoc CR, Tuveson DA, Hwang C. Engrailed-1 Promotes Pancreatic Cancer Metastasis. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2308537. [PMID: 38110836 PMCID: PMC10853725 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202308537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Engrailed-1 (EN1) is a critical homeodomain transcription factor (TF) required for neuronal survival, and EN1 expression has been shown to promote aggressive forms of triple negative breast cancer. Here, it is reported that EN1 is aberrantly expressed in a subset of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) patients with poor outcomes. EN1 predominantly repressed its target genes through direct binding to gene enhancers and promoters, implicating roles in the activation of MAPK pathways and the acquisition of mesenchymal cell properties. Gain- and loss-of-function experiments demonstrated that EN1 promoted PDA transformation and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. The findings nominate the targeting of EN1 and downstream pathways in aggressive PDA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihao Xu
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular GeneticsUniversity of California DavisDavisCA95616USA
- Comprehensive Cancer CenterUniversity of California DavisSacramentoCA95817USA
| | - Jae‐Seok Roe
- Department of BiochemistryYonsei UniversitySeoul03722South Korea
- Cold Spring Harbor LaboratoryCold Spring HarborNY11724USA
| | - EunJung Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular GeneticsUniversity of California DavisDavisCA95616USA
- Cold Spring Harbor LaboratoryCold Spring HarborNY11724USA
- Lustgarten Foundation Pancreatic Cancer Research LaboratoryCold Spring HarborNY11724USA
| | - Claudia Tonelli
- Cold Spring Harbor LaboratoryCold Spring HarborNY11724USA
- Lustgarten Foundation Pancreatic Cancer Research LaboratoryCold Spring HarborNY11724USA
| | - Keely Y. Ji
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular GeneticsUniversity of California DavisDavisCA95616USA
| | - Omar W. Younis
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular GeneticsUniversity of California DavisDavisCA95616USA
| | | | - Melissa Yao
- Cold Spring Harbor LaboratoryCold Spring HarborNY11724USA
- Lustgarten Foundation Pancreatic Cancer Research LaboratoryCold Spring HarborNY11724USA
| | | | - Herve Tiriac
- Cold Spring Harbor LaboratoryCold Spring HarborNY11724USA
- Lustgarten Foundation Pancreatic Cancer Research LaboratoryCold Spring HarborNY11724USA
| | - Anna M. Kolarzyk
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical EngineeringCornell UniversityIthacaNY14853USA
| | - Esak Lee
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical EngineeringCornell UniversityIthacaNY14853USA
| | - Jean L. Grem
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE68198USA
| | - Audrey J. Lazenby
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE68198USA
| | | | | | | | - Alexander D. Borowsky
- Department of PathologySchool of MedicineUniversity of California DavisSacramentoCA95817USA
| | - Youngkyu Park
- Cold Spring Harbor LaboratoryCold Spring HarborNY11724USA
- Lustgarten Foundation Pancreatic Cancer Research LaboratoryCold Spring HarborNY11724USA
| | | | - David A. Tuveson
- Cold Spring Harbor LaboratoryCold Spring HarborNY11724USA
- Lustgarten Foundation Pancreatic Cancer Research LaboratoryCold Spring HarborNY11724USA
| | - Chang‐Il Hwang
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular GeneticsUniversity of California DavisDavisCA95616USA
- Comprehensive Cancer CenterUniversity of California DavisSacramentoCA95817USA
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8
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Shu Z, Fan M, Tu B, Tang Z, Wang H, Li H, Li H, Yuan M, Bai J, Huo S, Wang L, Zhu WG, Wang W, Liu X, Shu S, Zhao Y. The Lin28b/Wnt5a axis drives pancreas cancer through crosstalk between cancer associated fibroblasts and tumor epithelium. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6885. [PMID: 37898598 PMCID: PMC10613206 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42508-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Bidirectional signal transduction between tumor epithelial cells and tumor microenvironment (TME) is important for tumor development. Here we show that Lin28b/let-7 pathway is indispensable for modulating the expression of Wnt5a in tumor epithelium, which could be secreted and then up-regulates Lin28b in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). Moreover, we demonstrate that Lin28b in CAFs promoted growth of PDAC by inducing cytokine PCSK9's production. Using an orthotopic mouse model of PDAC, we find that depletion of Lin28b in CAFs reduced tumor weight, highlighting the importance of Lin28b in PDAC stroma. Thus, our study shows that the Lin28b-Wnt5a axis plays a critical role in bidirectional crosstalk between pancreatic tumor epithelium and TME and results in a pro-tumorigenic contexture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoqi Shu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
- Peking University International Cancer Institute, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Minghe Fan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
- Peking University International Cancer Institute, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Bo Tu
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology Department, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Clinical Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Zhiheng Tang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Haojie Wang
- Center for Precision Medicine Multi-Omics Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center and Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Haimeng Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
- Peking University International Cancer Institute, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Hengchao Li
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Institute of Pancreatic Disease, FuDan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Meng Yuan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
- Peking University International Cancer Institute, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jingru Bai
- Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Sihan Huo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
- Peking University International Cancer Institute, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Lina Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Wei-Guo Zhu
- Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyun Liu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Shaokun Shu
- Peking University International Cancer Institute, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China.
- Peking University International Cancer Institute, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China.
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9
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Zhang Q, Shi M, Zheng R, Han H, Zhang X, Lin F. C1632 inhibits ovarian cancer cell growth and migration by inhibiting LIN28 B/let-7/FAK signaling pathway and FAK phosphorylation. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 956:175935. [PMID: 37541366 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
The highly conserved RNA-binding protein LIN28B and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) are significantly upregulated in ovarian cancer (OC), serving as markers for disease progression and prognosis. Nonetheless, the correlation between LIN28B and FAK, as well as the pharmacological effects of the LIN28 inhibitor C1632, in OC cells have not been elucidated. The present study demonstrates that C1632 significantly reduced the rate of DNA replication, arrested the cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase, consequently reducing cell viability, and impeding clone formation. Moreover, treatment with C1632 decreased cell-matrix adhesion, as well as inhibited cell migration and invasion. Further mechanistic studies revealed that C1632 inhibited the OC cell proliferation and migration by concurrently inhibiting LIN28 B/let-7/FAK signaling pathway and FAK phosphorylation. Furthermore, C1632 exhibited an obvious inhibitory effect on OC cell xenograft tumors in mice. Altogether, these findings identified that LIN28 B/let-7/FAK is a valuable target in OC and C1632 is a promising onco-therapeutic agent for OC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mengyun Shi
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ruiling Zheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haoyi Han
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Feng Lin
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China; Department of Gynecology, Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China.
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10
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Guo W, Ying P, Ma R, Jing Z, Ma G, Long J, Li G, Liu Z. Liquid biopsy analysis of lipometabolic exosomes in pancreatic cancer. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2023; 73:69-77. [PMID: 37684117 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is characterized by its high malignancy, insidious onset and poor prognosis. Most patients with pancreatic cancer are usually diagnosed at advanced stage or with the distant metastasis due to the lack of an effective early screening method. Liquid biopsy technology is promising in studying the occurrence, progression, and early metastasis of pancreatic cancer. In particular, exosomes are pivotal biomarkers in lipid metabolism and liquid biopsy of blood exosomes is valuable for the evaluation of pancreatic cancer. Lipid metabolism is crucial for the formation and activity of exosomes in the extracellular environment. Exosomes and lipids have a complex relationship of mutual influence. Furthermore, spatial metabolomics can quantify the levels and spatial locations of individual metabolites in cancer tissue, cancer stroma, and para-cancerous tissue in pancreatic cancer. However, the relationship among exosomes, lipid metabolism, and pancreatic cancer is also worth considering. This study mainly updates the research progress of metabolomics in pancreatic cancer, their relationship with exosomes, an important part of liquid biopsy, and their lipometabolic roles in pancreatic cancer. We also discuss the mechanisms by which possible metabolites, especially lipid metabolites through exosome transport and other processes, contribute to the recurrence and metastasis of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Guo
- Department of Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Peiyao Ying
- Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ruiyang Ma
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zuoqian Jing
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Gang Ma
- Department of Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jin Long
- Department of Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Guichen Li
- Department of Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Zhe Liu
- Department of Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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11
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Wei L, Sun J, Wang X, Huang Y, Huang L, Han L, Zheng Y, Xu Y, Zhang N, Yang M. Noncoding RNAs: an emerging modulator of drug resistance in pancreatic cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1226639. [PMID: 37560164 PMCID: PMC10407809 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1226639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is the eighth leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Chemotherapy including gemcitabine, 5-fluorouracil, adriamycin and cisplatin, immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors and targeted therapy have been demonstrated to significantly improve prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients with advanced diseases. However, most patients developed drug resistance to these therapeutic agents, which leading to shortened patient survival. The detailed molecular mechanisms contributing to pancreatic cancer drug resistance remain largely unclear. The growing evidences have shown that noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs), are involved in pancreatic cancer pathogenesis and development of drug resistance. In the present review, we systematically summarized the new insight on of various miRNAs, lncRNAs and circRNAs on drug resistance of pancreatic cancer. These results demonstrated that targeting the tumor-specific ncRNA may provide novel options for pancreatic cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Wei
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Research Center, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jujie Sun
- Department of Pathology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xingwu Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Research Center, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yizhou Huang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Research Center, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Linying Huang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Research Center, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Linyu Han
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Research Center, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yanxiu Zheng
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Research Center, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yuan Xu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Research Center, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Nasha Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Research Center, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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12
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Bennani FE, Doudach L, Karrouchi K, Tarib A, Rudd CE, Ansar M, Faouzi MEA. Targeting EGFR, RSK1, RAF1, PARP2 and LIN28B for several cancer type therapies with newly synthesized pyrazole derivatives via a computational study. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:4194-4218. [PMID: 35442150 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2064915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Cancer remains the leading cause of death in the world despite the significant advancements made in anticancer drug discovery. This study is aimed to computationally evaluate the efficacy of 63 in-house synthesized pyrazole derivatives targeted to bind with prominent cancer targets namely EGFR, RSK1, RAF1, PARP2 and LIN28B known to be expressed, respectively, in lung, colon, skin, ovarian and pancreatic cancer cells. Initially, we perform the molecular docking investigations for all pyrazole compounds with a comparison to known standard drugs for each target. Docking studies have revealed that some pyrazole compounds possess better binding affinity scores than standard drug compounds. Thereafter, a long-range of 1 μs molecular dynamic (MD) simulation study for top ranked docked compounds with all respective proteins was carried out to assess the interaction stability in a dynamic environment. The results suggested that the top ranked complexes showed a stable interaction profile for a longer period of time. The outcome of this study suggests that pyrazole compounds, M33, M36, M76 and M77, are promising molecular candidates that can modulate the studied target proteins significantly in comparison to their known inhibitor based on their selective binding interactions profile. Furthermore, ADME-T profile has been explored to check for the drug-likeness and pharmacokinetics profiles and found that all proposed compounds exhibited acceptable values for being a potential drug-like candidate with non-toxic characteristics. Overall, extensive computational investigations indicate that the four proposed pyrazole inhibitors/modulators studied against each respective target protein will be helpful for future cancer therapeutic developments.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Ezzahra Bennani
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Bio Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Analysis Research Team, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
- Division of Immunology-Oncology, Centre de Recherche Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont (CR-HMR), Montreal, QC, Canada
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Latifa Doudach
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Medical Physiology, Higher School of Technical Education of Rabat, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Khalid Karrouchi
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Abdelilah Tarib
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Bio Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Analysis Research Team, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Christopher E Rudd
- Division of Immunology-Oncology, Centre de Recherche Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont (CR-HMR), Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Microbiology, Infection and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Center, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - M'hammed Ansar
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - My El Abbes Faouzi
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Bio Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Analysis Research Team, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
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13
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GEWALT TABEA, NOH KAWON, MEDER LYDIA. The role of LIN28B in tumor progression and metastasis in solid tumor entities. Oncol Res 2023; 31:101-115. [PMID: 37304235 PMCID: PMC10208000 DOI: 10.32604/or.2023.028105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
LIN28B is an RNA-binding protein that targets a broad range of microRNAs and modulates their maturation and activity. Under normal conditions, LIN28B is exclusively expressed in embryogenic stem cells, blocking differentiation and promoting proliferation. In addition, it can play a role in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition by repressing the biogenesis of let-7 microRNAs. In malignancies, LIN28B is frequently overexpressed, which is associated with increased tumor aggressiveness and metastatic properties. In this review, we discuss the molecular mechanisms of LIN28B in promoting tumor progression and metastasis in solid tumor entities and its potential use as a clinical therapeutic target and biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- TABEA GEWALT
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - KA-WON NOH
- Institute for Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - LYDIA MEDER
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Mildred Scheel School of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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14
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He Z, He J, Xie K. KLF4 transcription factor in tumorigenesis. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:118. [PMID: 37031197 PMCID: PMC10082813 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01416-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Krüppel-like transcriptional factor is important in maintaining cellular functions. Deletion of Krüppel-like transcriptional factor usually causes abnormal embryonic development and even embryonic death. KLF4 is a prominent member of this family, and embryonic deletion of KLF4 leads to alterations in skin permeability and postnatal death. In addition to its important role in embryo development, it also plays a critical role in inflammation and malignancy. It has been investigated that KLF4 has a regulatory role in a variety of cancers, including lung, breast, prostate, colorectal, pancreatic, hepatocellular, ovarian, esophageal, bladder and brain cancer. However, the role of KLF4 in tumorigenesis is complex, which may link to its unique structure with both transcriptional activation and transcriptional repression domains, and to the regulation of its upstream and downstream signaling molecules. In this review, we will summarize the structural and functional aspects of KLF4, with a focus on KLF4 as a clinical biomarker and therapeutic target in different types of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong He
- Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, The South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The South China University of Technology Comprehensive Cancer Center, Guangdong, China
| | - Jie He
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangdong, China
| | - Keping Xie
- Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, The South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
- The South China University of Technology Comprehensive Cancer Center, Guangdong, China.
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15
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David P, Mittelstädt A, Kouhestani D, Anthuber A, Kahlert C, Sohn K, Weber GF. Current Applications of Liquid Biopsy in Gastrointestinal Cancer Disease-From Early Cancer Detection to Individualized Cancer Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15071924. [PMID: 37046585 PMCID: PMC10093361 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15071924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Worldwide, gastrointestinal (GI) cancers account for a significant amount of cancer-related mortality. Tests that allow an early diagnosis could lead to an improvement in patient survival. Liquid biopsies (LBs) due to their non-invasive nature as well as low risk are the current focus of cancer research and could be a promising tool for early cancer detection. LB involves the sampling of any biological fluid (e.g., blood, urine, saliva) to enrich and analyze the tumor's biological material. LBs can detect tumor-associated components such as circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), extracellular vesicles (EVs), and circulating tumor cells (CTCs). These components can reflect the status of the disease and can facilitate clinical decisions. LBs offer a unique and new way to assess cancers at all stages of treatment, from cancer screenings to prognosis to management of multidisciplinary therapies. In this review, we will provide insights into the current status of the various types of LBs enabling early detection and monitoring of GI cancers and their use in in vitro diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul David
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anke Mittelstädt
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dina Kouhestani
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anna Anthuber
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christoph Kahlert
- Department of Surgery, Carl Gustav Carus University Hospital, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Kai Sohn
- Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Georg F Weber
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
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16
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Liao F, Cao Y, Huang M, Chu L, Wang T. Correlation between expression of Lin28B and C-myc in patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and clinicopathological features and prognosis. ZHONG NAN DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF CENTRAL SOUTH UNIVERSITY. MEDICAL SCIENCES 2023; 48:165-171. [PMID: 36999462 PMCID: PMC10930344 DOI: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2023.220421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is a common malignant tumor of head and neck. Screening of target genes for malignant tumor therapy is one of the focuses of cancer research, with proto-oncogene and tumor suppressor gene as the breakthrough. It has become an urgent need to find the target gene related to the treatment and prognosis of LSCC.This study aims to explore the role of Lin28B and C-myc in LSCC by detecting the expressions of these two proteins and analyze the correlation between the expression of Lin28B and C-myc and clinicopathological features and prognosis of LSCC. METHODS We detected the expression of Lin28B and C-myc proteins in 102 specimens of LSCC and 90 specimens of adjacent tissues by immunochemistry, and analyzed the correlation between Lin28B and C-myc protein expressions in LSCC as well as the correlation between the expressions of the two proteins and the clinicopathological features of LSCC. At the same time, the Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the relation between Lin28B and C-myc protein levels with the postoperative survival rate of LSCC patients. RESULTS The protein levels of Lin28B and C-myc in the LSCC tissnes were significantly higher than those in the adjacent tissues (both P<0.05),and there was a positive correlation between the expression of Lin28B and C-myc in LSCC (r=0.476, P<0.05). The expression of Lin28B protein was closely related to age, lymph node metastasis, clinical stage, tumor size, and pathological differentiation of LSCC patients (all P<0.05). while the expression of C-myc protein was closely related to lymph node metastasis, clinical stage, tumor size, and pathological differentiation of LSCC patients (all P<0.05). A relevant survival analysis showed that in patients with higher level of Lin28B (P=0.001) or C-myc protein (P<0.001), the postoperative survival rate was relatively low. CONCLUSIONS Lin28B and C-myc proteins are highly expressed in LSCC with a positive correlation. Furthermore, they are closely related to lymph node metastasis, clinical stage, tumor size, pathological differentiation and prognosis, suggesting that both Lin28B and C-myc might be involved in the occurrence and development of LSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Liao
- Department of Pathology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013.
| | - Yuxin Cao
- Department of Pathology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013
| | - Meixiang Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Ling Chu
- Department of Pathology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013.
| | - Tiansheng Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
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17
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Zhao Y, Tang J, Jiang K, Liu SY, Aicher A, Heeschen C. Liquid biopsy in pancreatic cancer - Current perspective and future outlook. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188868. [PMID: 36842769 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a lethal condition with a rising incidence and often presents at an advanced stage, contributing to abysmal five-year survival rates. Unspecific symptoms and the current lack of biomarkers and screening tools hamper early diagnosis. New technologies for liquid biopsies and their respective evaluation in pancreatic cancer patients have emerged over recent years. The term liquid biopsy summarizes the sampling and analysis of circulating tumor cells (CTCs), small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), and tumor DNA (ctDNA) from body fluids. The major advantages of liquid biopsies rely on their minimal invasiveness and repeatability, allowing serial sampling for dynamic insights to aid diagnosis, particularly early detection, risk stratification, and precision medicine in pancreatic cancer. However, liquid biopsies have not yet developed into a new pillar for clinicians' routine armamentarium. Here, we summarize recent findings on the use of liquid biopsy in pancreatic cancer patients. We discuss current challenges and future perspectives of this potentially powerful alternative to conventional tissue biopsies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaru Zhao
- Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiajia Tang
- Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ke Jiang
- Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shin-Yi Liu
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Research and Development Center for Immunology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Alexandra Aicher
- Precision Immunotherapy, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Christopher Heeschen
- Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Pancreatic Cancer Heterogeneity, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Turin, Italy.
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18
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Liu X, Song J, Zhang H, Liu X, Zuo F, Zhao Y, Zhao Y, Yin X, Guo X, Wu X, Zhang H, Xu J, Hu J, Jing J, Ma X, Shi H. Immune checkpoint HLA-E:CD94-NKG2A mediates evasion of circulating tumor cells from NK cell surveillance. Cancer Cell 2023; 41:272-287.e9. [PMID: 36706761 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2023.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs), shed by primary malignancies, function as "seeds" for distant metastasis. However, it is still largely unknown how CTCs escape immune surveillance. Here, we characterize the transcriptomes of human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma CTCs, primary, and metastatic lesions at single-cell scale. Cell-interaction analysis and functional studies in vitro and in vivo reveal that CTCs and natural killer (NK) cells interact via the immune checkpoint molecule pair HLA-E:CD94-NKG2A. Disruption of this interaction by blockade of NKG2A or knockdown of HLA-E expression enhances NK-mediated tumor cell killing in vitro and prevents tumor metastasis in vivo. Mechanistic studies indicate that platelet-derived RGS18 promotes the expression of HLA-E through AKT-GSK3β-CREB signaling, and overexpression of RGS18 facilitates pancreatic tumor hepatic metastasis. In conclusion, platelet-derived RGS18 protects CTCs from NK-mediated immune surveillance by engaging the immune checkpoint HLA-E:CD94-NKG2A. Interruption of the suppressive signaling prevents tumor metastasis in vivo by immune elimination of CTCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Liu
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Breast, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Jinen Song
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Breast, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xinyu Liu
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Breast, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Fengli Zuo
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Breast, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yunuo Zhao
- Department of Biotherapy, West China Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yujie Zhao
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Breast, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xiaomeng Yin
- Department of Biotherapy, West China Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xinyu Guo
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Breast, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xi Wu
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Breast, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Hu Zhang
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Breast, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Institutes of Biological Sciences, Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jianping Hu
- College of Pharmacy and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610106, China
| | - Jing Jing
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Breast, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xuelei Ma
- Department of Biotherapy, West China Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
| | - Hubing Shi
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Breast, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
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Chirravuri-Venkata R, Dam V, Nimmakayala RK, Alsafwani ZW, Bhyravbhatla N, Lakshmanan I, Ponnusamy MP, Kumar S, Jain M, Ghersi D, Batra SK. MUC16 and TP53 family co-regulate tumor-stromal heterogeneity in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1073820. [PMID: 36816942 PMCID: PMC9936860 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1073820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
MUC16/CA125 is one of the few oldest cancer biomarkers still used in current clinical practice. As mesothelium is an abundant source of MUC16 and a major contributor to stromal heterogeneity in PDAC, we investigated the regulation of MUC16 in tumor and stromal compartments individually. The trajectories constructed using the single-cell transcriptomes of stromal cells from KPC tumors demonstrated continuity in the trajectory path between MUC16-expressing mesothelial cells and other CAF subsets. Further, the tumor tissues of MUC16 whole-body knockout (KPCM) showed dysregulation in the markers of actomyosin assembly and fibroblast differentiation (iCAF and myCAF), indicating that MUC16 has an extra-tumoral role in controlling CAF differentiation. Although we found mesothelium-derivative stromal cells to be bystanders in normal pancreas, the proportion of these cells was higher in invasive PDAC, particularly in TP53 deficient tumors. Moreover, we also detail the regulation of MUC16, KRAS, and SOX9 by TP53 family members (TP53 and TP63) using multi-omics data from knockout models, PDAC cell lines, and human PDAC tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramakanth Chirravuri-Venkata
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Vi Dam
- School of Interdisciplinary Informatics, University of Nebraska, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Rama Krishna Nimmakayala
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Zahraa Wajih Alsafwani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Namita Bhyravbhatla
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Imayavaramban Lakshmanan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Moorthy P. Ponnusamy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Sushil Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Maneesh Jain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Dario Ghersi
- School of Interdisciplinary Informatics, University of Nebraska, Omaha, NE, United States,*Correspondence: Dario Ghersi, ; Surinder K. Batra,
| | - Surinder K. Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States,Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases and Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States,*Correspondence: Dario Ghersi, ; Surinder K. Batra,
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20
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Placental Galectins in Cancer: Why We Should Pay More Attention. Cells 2023; 12:cells12030437. [PMID: 36766779 PMCID: PMC9914345 DOI: 10.3390/cells12030437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The first studies suggesting that abnormal expression of galectins is associated with cancer were published more than 30 years ago. Today, the role of galectins in cancer is relatively well established. We know that galectins play an active role in many types of cancer by regulating cell growth, conferring cell death resistance, or inducing local and systemic immunosuppression, allowing tumor cells to escape the host immune response. However, most of these studies have focused on very few galectins, most notably galectin-1 and galectin-3, and more recently, galectin-7 and galectin-9. Whether other galectins play a role in cancer remains unclear. This is particularly true for placental galectins, a subgroup that includes galectin-13, -14, and -16. The role of these galectins in placental development has been well described, and excellent reviews on their role during pregnancy have been published. At first sight, it was considered unlikely that placental galectins were involved in cancer. Yet, placentation and cancer progression share several cellular and molecular features, including cell invasion, immune tolerance and vascular remodeling. The development of new research tools and the concomitant increase in database repositories for high throughput gene expression data of normal and cancer tissues provide a new opportunity to examine the potential involvement of placental galectins in cancer. In this review, we discuss the possible roles of placental galectins in cancer progression and why they should be considered in cancer studies. We also address challenges associated with developing novel research tools to investigate their protumorigenic functions and design highly specific therapeutic drugs.
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Kang H, Xiong Y, Ma L, Yang T, Xu X. Recent advances in micro-/nanostructure array integrated microfluidic devices for efficient separation of circulating tumor cells. RSC Adv 2022; 12:34892-34903. [PMID: 36540264 PMCID: PMC9724214 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra06339e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) released from the primary tumor to peripheral blood are promising targets for liquid biopsies. Their biological information is vital for early cancer detection, efficacy assessment, and prognostic monitoring. Despite the tremendous clinical applications of CTCs, development of effective separation techniques are still demanding. Traditional separation methods usually use batch processing for enrichment, which inevitably destroy cell integrity and affect the complete information acquisition. Considering the rarity and heterogeneity of CTCs, it is urgent to develop effective separation methods. Microfluidic chips with precise fluid control at the micron level are promising devices for CTC separation. Their further combination with micro-/nanostructure arrays adds more biomolecule binding sites and exhibit unique fluid barrier effect, which significantly improve the CTC capture efficiency, purity, and sensitivity. This review summarized the recent advances in micro-/nanostructure array integrated microfluidic devices for CTC separation, including microrods, nanowires, and 3D micro-/nanostructures. The mechanisms by which these structures contribute to improved capture efficiency are discussed. Two major categories of separation methods, based on the physical and biological properties of CTCs, are discussed separately. Physical separation includes the design and preparation of micro-/nanostructure arrays, while chemical separation additionally involves the selection and modification of specific capture probes. These emerging technologies are expected to become powerful tools for disease diagnosis in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyue Kang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University Shanghai 201804 China
| | - Yuting Xiong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University Shanghai 201804 China
| | - Liang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 China
| | - Tongqing Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University Shanghai 201804 China
| | - Xiaobin Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University Shanghai 201804 China
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Li Z, Song M, Han S, Jin C, Yang J. The prognostic role of circulating tumor cells in gastric cancer: A meta-analysis. Front Oncol 2022; 12:963091. [PMID: 36313657 PMCID: PMC9610107 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.963091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ObjectiveWe conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the relationship between circulating tumor cells (CTC) and the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer.Materials and methodsThe cohort studies reporting on the relationship between CTC and prognosis of gastric cancer were collected from Pubmed, Cochrane, Embase, CNKI, WanFang Data, and VIP databases. The two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted the data, and evaluated the bias risk of the included literature. The data were analyzed by Revman software (Review Manager version 5.4).ResultA total of 14 retrospective cohort studies with 1053 patients were included. The results showed that the overall survival time (OS) and progression-free survival time (PFS) of CTC-positive patients were shorter compared to CTC-negative patients. Taking into consideration the critical value of CTC positive patients, country of origin, sample size, treatment mode, and study time, the subgroup analysis showed that CTC-positive was related to the shortening of OS in patients with gastric cancer. Based on the subgroup analysis of the factors such as CTC positive critical value < 2.8, sample size ≥ 75, mixed therapy, longer study duration, country, and immunofluorescence detection of CTC, it was found that OS in CTC positive group was shorter than that in CTC-negative group (all P<0.05), while the critical value of positive CTC ≥ 2.8, sample size ≥ 75, choice of treatment only for operation or non-operation, short study time and molecular detection of CTC were not associated with OS (all P>0.05). In addition, CTC-positive patients had a more advanced TNM staging, poorer tumor differentiation, and earlier distant metastasis.ConclusionCTC can be used as a prognostic indicator of gastric cancer. Gastric cancer patients with positive CTC may have a poorer prognosis compared to those with CTC-negative tumors.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD42022323155.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuxi Li
- The First Clinical School of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
- General Surgery Clinical Medical Center, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis and Precision Therapy of Surgical Tumors, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Meijuan Song
- The First Clinical School of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
- General Surgery Clinical Medical Center, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis and Precision Therapy of Surgical Tumors, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shangjun Han
- The First Clinical School of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
- General Surgery Clinical Medical Center, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis and Precision Therapy of Surgical Tumors, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chuanwei Jin
- The First Clinical School of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
- General Surgery Clinical Medical Center, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis and Precision Therapy of Surgical Tumors, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jing Yang
- The First Clinical School of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
- General Surgery Clinical Medical Center, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis and Precision Therapy of Surgical Tumors, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jing Yang,
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Shah UJ, Alsulimani A, Ahmad F, Mathkor DM, Alsaieedi A, Harakeh S, Nasiruddin M, Haque S. Bioplatforms in liquid biopsy: advances in the techniques for isolation, characterization and clinical applications. Biotechnol Genet Eng Rev 2022; 38:339-383. [PMID: 35968863 DOI: 10.1080/02648725.2022.2108994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Tissue biopsy analysis has conventionally been the gold standard for cancer prognosis, diagnosis and prediction of responses/resistances to treatments. The existing biopsy procedures used in clinical practice are, however, invasive, painful and often associated with pitfalls like poor recovery of tumor cells and infeasibility for repetition in single patients. To circumvent these limitations, alternative non-invasive, rapid and economical, yet sturdy, consistent and dependable, biopsy techniques are required. Liquid biopsy is an emerging technology that fulfills these criteria and potentially much more in terms of subject-specific real-time monitoring of cancer progression, determination of tumor heterogeneity and treatment responses, and specific identification of the type and stages of cancers. The present review first briefly revisits the state-of-the-art technique of liquid biopsy and then proceeds to address in detail, the advances in the potential clinical applications of four major biological agencies present in liquid biopsy samples (circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), circulating tumor cells (CTCs), exosomes and tumor-educated platelets (TEPs)). Finally, the authors conclude with the limitations that need to be addressed in order for liquid biopsy to effectively replace the conventional invasive biopsy methods in the clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ushma Jaykamal Shah
- MedGenome Labs Ltd, Kailash Cancer Hospital and Research Center, Vadodara, India
| | - Ahmad Alsulimani
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faraz Ahmad
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology (SBST), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| | - Darin Mansor Mathkor
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahdab Alsaieedi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Vaccines and Immunotherapy Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Steve Harakeh
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, and Yousef Abdullatif Jameel Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Nasiruddin
- MedGenome Labs Ltd, Narayana Health City, Bangalore, India.,Genomics Lab, Orbito Asia Diagnostics, Coimbatore, India
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
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24
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Aberrant transcription factors in the cancers of the pancreas. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:28-45. [PMID: 36058426 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Transcription factors (TFs) are essential for proper activation of gene set during the process of organogenesis, differentiation, lineage specificity. Reactivation or dysregulation of TFs regulatory networks could lead to deformation of organs, diseases including various malignancies. Currently, understanding the mechanism of oncogenesis became necessity for the development of targeted therapeutic strategy for different cancer types. It is evident that many TFs go awry in cancers of the pancreas such as pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (PanNENs). These mutated or dysregulated TFs abnormally controls various signaling pathways in PDAC and PanNENs including RTK, PI3K-PTEN-AKT-mTOR, JNK, TGF-β/SMAD, WNT/β-catenin, SHH, NOTCH and VEGF which in turn regulate different hallmarks of cancer. Aberrant regulation of such pathways have been linked to the initiation, progression, metastasis, and resistance in pancreatic cancer. As of today, a number of TFs has been identified as crucial regulators of pancreatic cancer and a handful of them shown to have potential as therapeutic targets in pre-clinical and clinical settings. In this review, we have summarized the current knowledge on the role and therapeutic usefulness of TFs in PDAC and PanNENs.
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25
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Discrimination of tumor cell type based on cytometric detection of dielectric properties. Talanta 2022; 246:123524. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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26
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Luo K, Wang X, Zhang X, Liu Z, Huang S, Li R. The Value of Circulating Tumor Cells in the Prognosis and Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:933645. [PMID: 35860591 PMCID: PMC9293050 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.933645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In the past few decades, tumor diagnosis and treatment theory have developed in a variety of directions. The number of people dying from pancreatic cancer increases while the mortality rate of other common tumors decreases. Traditional imaging methods show the boundaries of pancreatic tumor, but they are not sufficient to judge early micrometastasis. Although carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen19-9 (CA19-9) have the obvious advantages of simplicity and minimal invasiveness, these biomarkers obviously lack sensitivity and specificity. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have attracted attention as a non-invasive, dynamic, and real-time liquid biopsy technique for analyzing tumor characteristics. With the continuous development of new CTCs enrichment technologies, substantial progress has been made in the basic research of CTCs clinical application prospects. In many metastatic cancers, CTCs have been studied as an independent prognostic factor. This article reviews the research progress of CTCs in the treatment and prognosis of pancreatic cancer.
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Yun H, Im HJ, Choe C, Roh S. Effect of LOXL2 on metastasis through remodeling of the cell surface matrix in non-small cell lung cancer cells. Gene 2022; 830:146504. [PMID: 35483499 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the prominent cause of cancer-associated death primarily because of distant metastatic disease. The metastatic potential of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is associated with tumor cell aggregation. However, the systemic mechanotransduction mechanism by which tumor cells dynamically aggregate and disseminate is poorly understood, especially in NSCLC. In this study, we examine whether the cell surface matrix plays an important role in metastasis. We used poly-2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-based 3D spheroid formation methods to mimic in vivo metastatic lesions. Supra-structural analysis of human NSCLC A549 cells stained with ruthenium red for transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that glycocalyx surrounding the cell surface in 2D culture decreases in 3D culture. Comprehensive gene expression analysis revealed that the genes associated with cell adhesion were distinctly enriched in A549 cell spheroids. Of these, downregulation of the tumor metastatic microenvironment facilitator LOXL2, a copper-dependent enzyme catalyzing posttranslational oxidative deamination of peptidyl lysine, was of special interest. Knockdown of LOXL2 thickened the cell surface matrix in 2D culture and impaired compact aggregate formation in 3D culture. Moreover, A549 cell spheroids with endogenous overexpression of LOXL2 increased their dissemination on basement extracellular matrix Matrigel. Overall, these data imply that cell detachment-downregulated LOXL2 contributes to cell surface matrix remodeling, leading to collective dissemination of free-floating aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heesu Yun
- Cellular Reprogramming and Embryo Biotechnology Lab, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Jeong Im
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA; Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center (JBVAMC), Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Chungyoul Choe
- Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sangho Roh
- Cellular Reprogramming and Embryo Biotechnology Lab, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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28
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Tang HD, Wang Y, Xie P, Tan SY, Li HF, Shen H, Zhang Z, Lei ZQ, Zhou JH. The Crosstalk Between Immune Infiltration, Circulating Tumor Cells, and Metastasis in Pancreatic Cancer: Identification of HMGB3 From a Multiple Omics Analysis. Front Genet 2022; 13:892177. [PMID: 35754798 PMCID: PMC9213737 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.892177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is the major cause of death in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), and circulating tumor cells (CTCs) play an important role in the development of metastasis. However, few studies have uncovered the metastasis mechanism of PDAC based on CTCs. In this study, the existing bulk RNA-sequencing (bulk RNA-seq) and single-cell sequencing (scRNA-seq) data for CTCs in pancreatic cancer were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Analysis of tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs) by CIBERSORT showed that the CTCs enriched from the peripheral blood of metastatic PDAC were found to contain a high proportion of T cell regulators (Tregs) and macrophages, while the proportion of dendritic cells (DCs) was lower than that enriched from localized PDAC. Through weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and the result of scRNA-seq, we identified the hub module (265 genes) and 87 marker genes, respectively, which were highly associated with metastasis. The results of functional enrichment analysis indicated that the two gene sets mentioned above are mainly involved in cell adhesion and cytoskeleton and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). Finally, we found that HMGB3 was the hub gene according to the Venn diagram. The expression of HMGB3 in PDAC was significantly higher than that in normal tissues (protein and mRNA levels). HMGB3 expression was significantly positively correlated with both EMT-related molecules and CTC cluster–related markers. Furthermore, it was also found that HMGB3 mutations were favorably related to tumor-associated immune cells through the TIMER2.0 online tool. We further demonstrated that PDAC patients with higher HMGB3 expression had significantly worse overall survival (OS) in multiple datasets. In summary, our study suggests that HMGB3 is a hub gene associated with EMT in CTCs, the formation of CTC clusters, and infiltration patterns of immune cells favorable for tumor progression and metastasis to distant organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Dong Tang
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary Surgery, Zhongda Hospital Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Peng Xie
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Si-Yuan Tan
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hai-Feng Li
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Shen
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zheng-Qing Lei
- Department of Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary Surgery, Zhongda Hospital Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jia-Hua Zhou
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary Surgery, Zhongda Hospital Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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Fan T, Kuang G, Long R, Han Y, Wang J. The overall process of metastasis: From initiation to a new tumor. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188750. [PMID: 35728735 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis-a process that involves the migration of cells from the primary site to distant organs-is the leading cause of cancer-associated death. Improved technology and in-depth research on tumors have furthered our understanding of the various mechanisms involved in tumor metastasis. Metastasis is initiated by cancer cells of a specific phenotype, which migrate with the assistance of extracellular components and metastatic traits conferred via epigenetic regulation while modifying their behavior in response to the complex and dynamic human internal environment. In this review, we have summarized the general steps involved in tumor metastasis and their characteristics, incorporating recent studies and topical issues, including epithelial-mesenchymal transition, cancer stem cells, neutrophil extracellular traps, pre-metastatic niche, extracellular vesicles, and dormancy. Several feasible treatment directions have also been summarized. In addition, the correlation between cancer metastasis and lifestyle factors, such as obesity and circadian rhythm, has been illustrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyue Fan
- Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Guicheng Kuang
- Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Runmin Long
- Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yunwei Han
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China.
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Tian W, Hao H, Chu M, Gong J, Li W, Fang Y, Zhang J, Zhang C, Huang Y, Pei F, Duan L. Berberine Suppresses Lung Metastasis of Cancer via Inhibiting Endothelial Transforming Growth Factor Beta Receptor 1. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:917827. [PMID: 35784732 PMCID: PMC9243563 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.917827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of berberine (BBR) on pancreatic cancer (PC) lung metastasis and explored the underlying mechanisms, using a BALB/C-nu/nu nude mouse model injected with PC cells (AsPC-1). Intragastric administration of BBR dose-dependently improves survival of mice intravenously injected with AsPC-1 cells, and reduces lung metastasis. Especially, BBR significantly reduces lung infiltration of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) 24 h after AsPC-1 cells injection. In vitro, tumor cells (TCs) trigger endothelial barrier disruption and promote trans-endothelial migration of CFSE-labeled TCs. BBR treatment effectively ameliorates TC-induced endothelial disruption, an effect that is diminished by inhibiting transforming growth factor-β receptor 1 (TGFBR1). Blocking TGFBR1 blunts the anti-metastatic effect of BBR in vivo. Mechanistically, BBR binds to the intercellular portion of TGFBR1, suppresses its enzyme activities, and protects endothelial barrier disruption by TCs which express higher levels of TGF-β1. Hence, BBR might be a promising drug for reducing PC lung metastasis in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjia Tian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Huifeng Hao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education Beijing), Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Chu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing, China
| | - Jingjing Gong
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Wenzhe Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Fang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jindong Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Cunzheng Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yonghui Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Pei
- Department of Pathology, Peking University Third Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Liping Duan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Liping Duan,
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31
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Puthdee N, Sriswasdi S, Pisitkun T, Ratanasirintrawoot S, Israsena N, Tangkijvanich P. The LIN28B/TGF-β/TGFBI feedback loop promotes cell migration and tumour initiation potential in cholangiocarcinoma. Cancer Gene Ther 2022; 29:445-455. [PMID: 34548635 PMCID: PMC9113936 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-021-00387-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), a lethal malignancy of the biliary epithelium, is the second most common primary liver cancer. The poor prognosis of CCA is due to the high rate of tumour invasion and distant metastasis. We found that the RNA-binding protein LIN28B, a known regulator of microRNA biogenesis, stem cell maintenance, and oncogenesis, is expressed in a subpopulation of CCA patients. To further investigate the potential role of LIN28B in CCA pathogenesis, we studied the effect of LIN28B overexpression in the cholangiocyte cell line MMNK-1 and cholangiocarcinoma cell lines HuCCT-1 and KKU-214. Here, we show that enhanced LIN28B expression promoted cancer stem cell-like properties in CCA, including enhanced cell migration, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), increased cell proliferation and spheroid formation. Proteomic analysis revealed TGF-β-induced protein (TGFBI) as a novel LIN28B target gene, and further analysis showed upregulation of other components of the TGF-β signalling pathway, including TGF-β receptor type I (TGFBRI) expression and cytokine TGFB-I, II and III secretion. Importantly, the small molecule TGF-β inhibitor SB431542 negated the effects of LIN28B on both cell migration and clonogenic potential. Overexpression of TGFBI alone promoted cholangiocarcinoma cell migration and EMT changes, but not spheroid formation, suggesting that TGFBI partially contributes to LIN28B-mediated aggressive cell behaviour. These observations are consistent with a model in which TGF-β and LIN28B work together to form a positive feedback loop during cholangiocarcinoma metastasis and provide a therapeutic intervention opportunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nattapong Puthdee
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sira Sriswasdi
- Department of Research Affairs, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Trairak Pisitkun
- Department of Research Affairs, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Nipan Israsena
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cell and Cell Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Pisit Tangkijvanich
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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32
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Folic Acid-Modified Fluorescent-Magnetic Nanoparticles for Efficient Isolation and Identification of Circulating Tumor Cells in Ovarian Cancer. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12030184. [PMID: 35323454 PMCID: PMC8946694 DOI: 10.3390/bios12030184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is a lethal disease occurring in women worldwide. Due to the lack of obvious clinical symptoms and sensitivity biomarkers, OC patients are often diagnosed in advanced stages and suffer a poor prognosis. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs), released from tumor sites into the peripheral blood, have been recognized as promising biomarkers in cancer prognosis, treatment monitoring, and metastasis diagnosis. However, the number of CTCs in peripheral blood is low, and it is a technical challenge to isolate, enrich, and identify CTCs from the blood samples of patients. This work develops a simple, effective, and inexpensive strategy to capture and identify CTCs from OC blood samples using the folic acid (FA) and antifouling-hydrogel-modified fluorescent-magnetic nanoparticles. The hydrogel showed a good antifouling property against peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). The FA was coupled to the hydrogel surface as the targeting molecule for the CTC isolation, held a good capture efficiency for SK-OV-3 cells (95.58%), and successfully isolated 2–12 CTCs from 10 OC patients’ blood samples. The FA-modified fluorescent-magnetic nanoparticles were successfully used for the capture and direct identification of CTCs from the blood samples of OC patients.
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Hu Y, Tang J, Xu F, Chen J, Zeng Z, Han S, Wang F, Wang D, Huang M, Zhao Y, Huang Y, Zhuo W, Zhao G. A reciprocal feedback between N6-methyladenosine reader YTHDF3 and lncRNA DICER1-AS1 promotes glycolysis of pancreatic cancer through inhibiting maturation of miR-5586-5p. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2022; 41:69. [PMID: 35183226 PMCID: PMC8857805 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02285-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glycolysis is a pivotal process in metabolic reprogramming of tumorigenesis. Previous research has indicated that lncRNAs might play crucial roles in glycolysis of various tumors. However, the function of lncRNAs in glycolysis of pancreatic cancer has not been fully elucidated. Methods Bio-information analyses were applied to reveal the potential glycolysis-associated lncRNA. RT-PCR and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assays were applied to detect the expression of antisense RNA1 of DICER1 (DICER1-AS1) in pancreatic cancer tissues and cell lines. Gain- and loss-of-function experiments were performed to evaluate the roles of DICER1-AS1 in glycolysis and tumorigenesis of PC. Mechanistic experiments including luciferase reporter assay, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) were employed to uncover the downstream targets and regulatory mechanism of DICER1-AS1 in glycolysis of PC. Results Bio-information analysis indicated that DICER1-AS1 was downregulated in PC and negatively correlated with glycolytic genes expression. Meanwhile, overexpression of DICER1-AS1 inhibited glycolysis, proliferation, and metastasis of PC cells both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, DICER1-AS1 promoted transcription of its sense gene DICER1 by recruiting transcriptional factor YY1 to the DICER1 promoter. Meanwhile, DICER1 promoted maturation of miR-5586-5p which consequently inhibited glycolytic gene expression including LDHA, HK2, PGK1, and SLC2A1. Notably, enhanced interaction between N6-methyladenosine (m6A) reader YTHDF3 and DICER1-AS1 led to degradation of DICER1-AS1 in response to glucose depletion. Moreover, our data revealed that YTHDF3 was a critical target for miR-5586-5p, by which forming a negative feedback with DICER1-AS1 to regulate glycolysis of PC. Conclusion Our results implicate a negative feedback of m6A reader YTHDF3 and glycolytic lncRNA DICER1-AS1 is involved in glycolysis and tumorigenesis of PC. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-022-02285-6.
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Exploring the Clinical Utility of Pancreatic Cancer Circulating Tumor Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031671. [PMID: 35163592 PMCID: PMC8836025 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most frequent pancreatic cancer type, characterized by a dismal prognosis due to late diagnosis, frequent metastases, and limited therapeutic response to standard chemotherapy. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are a rare subset of tumor cells found in the blood of cancer patients. CTCs has the potential utility for screening, early and definitive diagnosis, prognostic and predictive assessment, and offers the potential for personalized management. However, a gold-standard CTC detection and enrichment method remains elusive, hindering comprehensive comparisons between studies. In this review, we summarize data regarding the utility of CTCs at different stages of PDAC from early to metastatic disease and discuss the molecular profiling and culture of CTCs. The characterization of CTCs brings us closer to defining the specific CTC subpopulation responsible for metastasis with the potential to uncover new therapies and more effective management options for PDAC.
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MiR-135b-5p is an oncogene in pancreatic cancer to regulate GPRC5A expression by targeting transcription factor KLF4. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:23. [PMID: 35027543 PMCID: PMC8758781 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-00814-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
KLF4 is implicated in tumor progression of pancreatic cancer, but the molecular regulatory mechanism of KLF4 needs to be further specified. We aimed to probe molecular regulatory mechanism of KLF4 in malignant progression of pancreatic cancer. qRT-PCR or western blot was completed to test levels of predicted genes. Dual-luciferase and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays were designed to validate binding between genes. Cell viability and oncogenicity detection were used for in vitro and vivo functional assessment. KLF4 was a downstream target of miR-135b-5p. KLF4 could regulate GPRC5A level. MiR-135b-5p was notably increased in cancer cells, and overexpressing KLF4 functioned a tumor repressive role, which could be restored by miR-135b-5p. Besides, cell malignant phenotypes could be inhibited through reducing miR-135b-5p level, but they were restored by GPRC5A. Our results stressed that KLF4, as a vital target of miR-135b-5p, could influence promoter region of GPRC5A, thus affecting the malignant progression of pancreatic cancer.
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Schreyer D, Neoptolemos JP, Barry ST, Bailey P. Deconstructing Pancreatic Cancer Using Next Generation-Omic Technologies-From Discovery to Knowledge-Guided Platforms for Better Patient Management. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:795735. [PMID: 35096825 PMCID: PMC8793685 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.795735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Comprehensive molecular landscaping studies reveal a potentially brighter future for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patients. Blood-borne biomarkers obtained from minimally invasive "liquid biopsies" are now being trialled for early disease detection and to track responses to therapy. Integrated genomic and transcriptomic studies using resectable tumour material have defined intrinsic patient subtypes and actionable genomic segments that promise a shift towards genome-guided patient management. Multimodal mapping of PDAC using spatially resolved single cell transcriptomics and imaging techniques has identified new potentially therapeutically actionable cellular targets and is providing new insights into PDAC tumour heterogeneity. Despite these rapid advances, defining biomarkers for patient selection remain limited. This review examines the current PDAC cancer biomarker ecosystem (identified in tumour and blood) and explores how advances in single cell sequencing and spatially resolved imaging modalities are being used to uncover new targets for therapeutic intervention and are transforming our understanding of this difficult to treat disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Schreyer
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - John P. Neoptolemos
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Simon T. Barry
- Bioscience, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Bailey
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Section Surgical Research, University Clinic Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Negishi R, Yamakawa H, Kobayashi T, Horikawa M, Shimoyama T, Koizumi F, Sawada T, Oboki K, Omuro Y, Funasaka C, Kageyama A, Kanemasa Y, Tanaka T, Matsunaga T, Yoshino T. Transcriptomic profiling of single circulating tumor cells provides insight into human metastatic gastric cancer. Commun Biol 2022; 5:20. [PMID: 35017627 PMCID: PMC8752828 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02937-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcriptome analysis of circulating tumor cells (CTCs), which migrate into blood vessels from primary tumor tissues, at the single-cell level offers critical insights into the biology of metastasis and contributes to drug discovery. However, transcriptome analysis of single CTCs has only been reported for a limited number of cancer types, such as multiple myeloma, breast, hepatocellular, and prostate cancer. Herein, we report the transcriptome analysis of gastric cancer single-CTCs. We utilized an antigen-independent strategy for CTC isolation from metastatic gastric cancer patients involving a size-dependent recovery of CTCs and a single cell isolation technique. The transcriptomic profile of single-CTCs revealed that a majority of gastric CTCs had undergone epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and indicated the contribution of platelet adhesion toward EMT progression and acquisition of chemoresistance. Taken together, this study serves to employ CTC characterization to elucidate the mechanisms of chemoresistance and metastasis in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Negishi
- Division of Biotechnology and Life science, Institute of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16, Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan
| | - Hitomi Yamakawa
- Division of Biotechnology and Life science, Institute of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16, Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan
| | - Takeru Kobayashi
- Division of Biotechnology and Life science, Institute of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16, Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan
| | - Mayuko Horikawa
- Division of Biotechnology and Life science, Institute of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16, Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan
| | - Tatsu Shimoyama
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center Komagome Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Koizumi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center Komagome Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Sawada
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center Komagome Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keisuke Oboki
- Center for Medical Research Cooperation, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Setagaya-ku, Japan
| | - Yasushi Omuro
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center Komagome Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chikako Funasaka
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center Komagome Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihiko Kageyama
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center Komagome Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kanemasa
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center Komagome Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Tanaka
- Division of Biotechnology and Life science, Institute of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16, Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan
| | - Tadashi Matsunaga
- Division of Biotechnology and Life science, Institute of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16, Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan
| | - Tomoko Yoshino
- Division of Biotechnology and Life science, Institute of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16, Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan.
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Chelakkot C, Yang H, Shin YK. Relevance of Circulating Tumor Cells as Predictive Markers for Cancer Incidence and Relapse. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:75. [PMID: 35056131 PMCID: PMC8781286 DOI: 10.3390/ph15010075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Shedding of cancer cells from the primary site or undetectable bone marrow region into the circulatory system, resulting in clinically overt metastasis or dissemination, is the hallmark of unfavorable invasive cancers. The shed cells remain in circulation until they extravasate to form a secondary metastatic lesion or undergo anoikis. The circulating tumor cells (CTCs) found as single cells or clusters carry a plethora of information, are acknowledged as potential biomarkers for predicting cancer prognosis and cancer progression, and are supposed to play key roles in determining tailored therapies for advanced diseases. With the advent of novel technologies that allow the precise isolation of CTCs, more and more clinical trials are focusing on the prognostic and predictive potential of CTCs. In this review, we summarize the role of CTCs as a predictive marker for cancer incidence, relapse, and response to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaithanya Chelakkot
- Bio-MAX/N-Bio, Bio-MAX Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08226, Korea
- Genobio Corp., Seoul 08394, Korea
| | - Hobin Yang
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08226, Korea
| | - Young Kee Shin
- Bio-MAX/N-Bio, Bio-MAX Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08226, Korea
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08226, Korea
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08226, Korea
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The isoflavone puerarin exerts anti-tumor activity in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma by suppressing mTOR-mediated glucose metabolism. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:25089-25105. [PMID: 34863080 PMCID: PMC8714170 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Puerarin (8-(β-D-glucopyranosyl)-4′, 7-dihydroxyisoflavone), a natural flavonoid compound isolated from the traditional Chinese herb Radix puerariae, have been demonstrated has potential anti-tumor effects via induction of apoptosis and inhibition of proliferation. However, the effect and molecular mechanism of puerarin in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains unknown. In this study, the tumor-suppressive effects of puerarin were determined by both in-vitro and in-vivo assays. The effects of puerarin on the proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells (PCCs), and tumor growth and metastasis in PDAC xenograft mouse model were performed. Puerarin treatment significantly repressed PCC proliferation. Puerarin induced the mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis of PCCs by causing a Bcl-2/Bax imbalance. Moreover, puerarin inhibited PCC migration and invasion by antagonizing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). In nude mouse model, PDAC growth and metastasis were reduced by puerarin administration. Mechanistically, puerarin exerted its therapeutic effects on PDAC by suppressing Akt/mTOR signaling. Importantly, puerarin bound to the kinase domain of mTOR protein, affecting the activity of the surrounding amino acid residues associated with the binding of the ATP-Mg2+ complex. Further studies showed that the inhibitory effects of puerarin on PCCs were abolished by a mTOR activator, indicating a crucial role of mTOR in anti-tumor effects of puerarin in PDAC. As a result, puerarin hindered glucose uptake and metabolism by downregulating the oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and the extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) dependent upon HIF-1α and glucose transporter GLUT1. Therefore, these findings indicated that puerarin has therapeutic potential for the treatment of PDAC by suppressing glucose uptake and metabolism via Akt/mTOR activity.
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40
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Kinny-Köster B, Habib JR, Wolfgang CL, He J, Javed AA. Favorable tumor biology in locally advanced pancreatic cancer-beyond CA19-9. J Gastrointest Oncol 2021; 12:2484-2494. [PMID: 34790409 DOI: 10.21037/jgo-20-426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) are frequently staged as unresectable locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) at the time of diagnosis. Recently, the administration of multi-agent induction chemotherapy has resulted in treatment response in up to 60% of these patients rendering their tumors technically resectable. Operative strategies have evolved to allow for successful oncologic resection of LAPC. These technically complex procedures involving vascular resections and reconstructions are now being performed with increasing safety at high-volume centers. However, even after induction therapy and successful resection, disease recurrence sometimes occurs early on, limiting the benefit of resecting the local tumor. Therefore, selection of surgical candidates should factor in each patient's tumor biology which could result in accurate treatment guidance to improve patient outcomes while avoiding overtreatment. Well-informed patient selection is critical to improve outcomes in LAPC. Multidisciplinary teams have to determine the appropriate care for LAPC patients at the time of reevaluation after administration of induction chemotherapy. At this point the concept of favorable vs. unfavorable tumor biology becomes highly relevant and having access to biomarkers that are predictive of tumor behavior are of paramount importance. Currently, CA19-9 remains the only clinically utilized biomarker for PDAC, however, its use is limited by factors discussed in this review. While CA19-9 holds value in patient assessment, additional biomarkers are required that could supplement and improve the current ability to classify tumor biology and predict behavior in individual patients. Recent investigations on the use of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and circulating tumor cells (CTCs) using liquid biopsies, as well as patient-derived organoids to characterize tumor biology have shown promise in achieving precise tumor biology-based patient stratification. Serial assessment of these biomarkers throughout therapy could supplement or even replace the anatomic criteria for resectability in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedict Kinny-Köster
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Joseph R Habib
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Jin He
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ammar A Javed
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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41
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Missios P, da Rocha EL, Pearson DS, Philipp J, Aleman MM, Pirouz M, Farache D, Franses JW, Kubaczka C, Tsanov KM, Jha DK, Pepe-Mooney B, Powers JT, Gregory RI, Lee AS, Dominguez D, Ting DT, Daley GQ. LIN28B alters ribosomal dynamics to promote metastasis in MYCN-driven malignancy. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:145142. [PMID: 34779407 DOI: 10.1172/jci145142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
High expression of LIN28B is associated with aggressive malignancy and poor survival. Here, probing MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma as a model system, we showed that LIN28B expression was associated with enhanced cell migration in vitro and invasive and metastatic behavior in murine xenografts. Sequence analysis of the polyribosome fraction of LIN28B-expressing neuroblastoma cells revealed let-7-independent enrichment of transcripts encoding components of the translational and ribosomal apparatus and depletion of transcripts of neuronal developmental programs. We further observed that LIN28B utilizes both its cold shock and zinc finger RNA binding domains to preferentially interact with MYCN-induced transcripts of the ribosomal complex, enhancing their translation. These data demonstrated that LIN28B couples the MYCN-driven transcriptional program to enhanced ribosomal translation, thereby implicating LIN28B as a posttranscriptional driver of the metastatic phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavlos Missios
- Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Edroaldo Lummertz da Rocha
- Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Daniel S Pearson
- Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Julia Philipp
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Maria M Aleman
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Mehdi Pirouz
- Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Dorian Farache
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Joseph W Franses
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Caroline Kubaczka
- Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kaloyan M Tsanov
- Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Deepak K Jha
- Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Brian Pepe-Mooney
- Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - John T Powers
- Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Richard I Gregory
- Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Initiative for RNA Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Amy Sy Lee
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Daniel Dominguez
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.,Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - David T Ting
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - George Q Daley
- Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Miquel M, Zhang S, Pilarsky C. Pre-clinical Models of Metastasis in Pancreatic Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:748631. [PMID: 34778259 PMCID: PMC8578999 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.748631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a hostile solid malignancy coupled with an extremely high mortality rate. Metastatic disease is already found in most patients at the time of diagnosis, resulting in a 5-year survival rate below 5%. Improved comprehension of the mechanisms leading to metastasis is pivotal for the development of new targeted therapies. A key field to be improved are modeling strategies applied in assessing cancer progression, since traditional platforms fail in recapitulating the complexity of PDAC. Consequently, there is a compelling demand for new preclinical models that mirror tumor progression incorporating the pressure of the immune system, tumor microenvironment, as well as molecular aspects of PDAC. We suggest the incorporation of 3D organoids derived from genetically engineered mouse models or patients as promising new tools capable to transform PDAC pre-clinical modeling and access new frontiers in personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Miquel
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital, Erlangen, Germany
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Shuman Zhang
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital, Erlangen, Germany
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christian Pilarsky
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital, Erlangen, Germany
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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Role of non-coding RNAs in tumor progression and metastasis in pancreatic cancer. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2021; 40:761-776. [PMID: 34591242 PMCID: PMC8556175 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-021-09995-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal types of cancer with an overall 5-year survival rate of less than 10%. The 1-year survival rate of patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease is abysmal. The aggressive nature of cancer cells, hypovascularization, extensive desmoplastic stroma, and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) endows PDAC tumors with multiple mechanisms of drug resistance. With no obvious genetic mutation(s) driving tumor progression or metastatic transition, the challenges for understanding the biological mechanism(s) of these processes are paramount. A better understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms of these processes could lead to new diagnostic tools for patient management and new targets for therapeutic intervention. microRNAs (miRNAs) are an evolutionarily conserved gene class of short non-coding regulatory RNAs. miRNAs are an extensive regulatory layer that controls gene expression at the posttranscriptional level. This review focuses on preclinical models that functionally dissect miRNA activity in tumor progression or metastatic processes in PDAC. Collectively, these studies suggest an influence of miRNAs and RNA-RNA networks in the processes of epithelial to mesenchymal cell transition and cancer cell stemness. At a cell-type level, some miRNAs mainly influence cancer cell–intrinsic processes and pathways, whereas other miRNAs predominantly act in distinct cellular compartments of the TME to regulate fibroblast and immune cell functions and/or influence other cell types’ function via cell-to-cell communications by transfer of extracellular vesicles. At a molecular level, the influence of miRNA-mediated regulation often converges in core signaling pathways, including TGF-β, JAK/STAT, PI3K/AKT, and NF-κB.
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TCF21 regulates miR-10a-5p/LIN28B signaling to block the proliferation and invasion of melanoma cells. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0255971. [PMID: 34424910 PMCID: PMC8382182 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0255971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Some research has suggested that miRNA-10a (miR-10a-5p) had an inhibitory function in proliferation and invasion of cancers. Whereas the role of miR-10a-5p in melanoma has not been fully explored. This study aims to confirm LIN28B as the targeted gene of miR-10a-5p which was explored in melanoma cells. In addition, upstream regulatory molecule of miR-10a-5p was also investigated in melanoma cells. Methods Real-time Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was adopted to analyze miR-10a-5p expression level in melanoma and the normal human epidermal melanocyte cells. Several biological assays were performed to evaluate miR-10a-5p influences on cell proliferation, migration and invasion ability in A375 and B16-F10 cells. Gene prediction of miRNA targeting and a dual luciferase assay were applied to assess miR-10a-5p-targeted LIN28B. Western blot assessed the impacts of miR-10a-5p on the protein expression of LIN28B. Western blot analyzed the TCF21 effects on the expression of LIN28B and RT-qPCR assessed the influence of TCF21 on the expression level of miRNA-10a. In addition, Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP) Assay and JASPAR databases were employed to explore the regulatory relationship between TCF21 and miR-10a-5p. Results We discovered that miR-10a-5p expression was lower in melanoma cells and high expression of miR-10a-5p suppressed the proliferation, migration and invasion abilities of melanoma cells. We also discovered that miR-10a-5p targeted the LIN28B mRNA 3′UTR area and diminished LIN28B protein expression. We found that LIN28B expression was strongly decreased by TCF21 upregulation in the two melanoma cells. The qRT-PCR assay showed that miR-10a-5p expression level was obviously boosted by increased TCF21 expression. The results also demonstrated that TCF21 directly regulated miR-10a-5p at transcript levels. Conclusion TCF21 induced miRNA-10a targeting LIN28B could affect the progression and growth of melanoma.
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De Luca G, Dono M. The Opportunities and Challenges of Molecular Tagging Next-Generation Sequencing in Liquid Biopsy. Mol Diagn Ther 2021; 25:537-547. [PMID: 34224097 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-021-00542-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Liquid biopsy (LB) is a promising tool that is rapidly evolving as a standard of care in early and advanced stages of cancer settings. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) methods have become essential in molecular diagnostics and clinical laboratories dealing with LB analytes, i.e., cell-free DNA and RNA. The sensitivity and high-throughput capacity of NGS enable us to overcome technical issues that are mainly attributable to low-abundance (below 1% mutated allelic frequency) tumour genetic material circulating within biological fluids. In this context, the introduction of unique molecular identifiers (UMIs), also known as molecular barcodes, applied to various NGS platforms greatly improved the characterization of rare genetic alterations, as they resulted in a drastic reduction in background noise while maintaining high levels of positive predictive value and sensitivity. Different UMI strategies have been developed, such as single (e.g., safe-sequencing system, Safe-SeqS) or double (duplex-sequencing system, Duplex-Seq) strand-based labelling, and, currently, considerable results corroborate their potential implementation in a routine laboratory. Recently, the US Food and Drug Administration approved the clinical use of two comprehensive UMI-based NGS assays (FoundationOne Liquid CDx and Guardant360 CDx) in cfDNA mutational assessment. However, to definitively translate LB into clinical practice, UMI-based NGS protocols should meet certain feasibility requirements in terms of cost-effectiveness, wet laboratory performance and easy access to web-source and bioinformatic tools for downstream molecular data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppa De Luca
- Molecular Diagnostic Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132, Genova, Italy
| | - Mariella Dono
- Molecular Diagnostic Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132, Genova, Italy.
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Konishi H, Kashima S, Goto T, Ando K, Sakatani A, Tanaka H, Ueno N, Moriichi K, Okumura T, Fujiya M. The Identification of RNA-Binding Proteins Functionally Associated with Tumor Progression in Gastrointestinal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13133165. [PMID: 34202873 PMCID: PMC8269357 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13133165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Previous investigations described bioinformatic analyses based on the mRNA expression and somatic mutation as useful strategies for identifying cancer-associated molecules that were potential candidates of therapeutic targets. However, these data included secondary changes and non-functional alterations that do not influence tumor progression. Investigations, including our own studies, have shown that some RBPs shuttle cytoplasm and nuclei, and their affinity to RNAs is regulated by posttranslational modifications, such as phosphorylation. Therefore, the functional assessment of individual molecules is the most suitable strategy for identifying cancer-associated genes with or without expressional changes and mutations. This report showed for the first time that a functional assessment using an siRNA library was useful for identifying therapeutic targets from molecular groups, including RBPs, that had not been identified by expressional and mutational analyses. Abstract Previous investigations have indicated that RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are key molecules for the development of organs, differentiation, cell growth and apoptosis in cancer cells as well as normal cells. A bioinformatics analysis based on the mRNA expression and a somatic mutational database revealed the association between aberrant expression/mutations of RBPs and cancer progression. However, this method failed to detect functional alterations in RBPs without changes in the expression, thus leading to false negatives. To identify major tumor-associated RBPs, we constructed an siRNA library based on the database of RBPs and assessed the influence on the growth of colorectal, pancreatic and esophageal cancer cells. A comprehensive analysis of siRNA functional screening findings using 1198 siRNAs targeting 416 RBPs identified 41 RBPs in which 50% inhibition of cell growth was observed in cancer cells. Among these RBPs, 12 showed no change in the mRNA expression and no growth suppression in non-cancerous cells when downregulated by specific siRNAs. We herein report for the first time cancer-promotive RBPs identified by a novel functional assessment using an siRNA library of RBPs combined with expressional and mutational analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Konishi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Advanced Medical Sciences, Asahikawa Medical University, 2-1-1-1, Midorigaoka, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan;
| | - Shin Kashima
- Division of Metabolism and Biosystemic Science, Gastroenterology, and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan; (S.K.); (T.G.); (K.A.); (A.S.); (N.U.); (K.M.); (T.O.)
| | - Takuma Goto
- Division of Metabolism and Biosystemic Science, Gastroenterology, and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan; (S.K.); (T.G.); (K.A.); (A.S.); (N.U.); (K.M.); (T.O.)
| | - Katsuyoshi Ando
- Division of Metabolism and Biosystemic Science, Gastroenterology, and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan; (S.K.); (T.G.); (K.A.); (A.S.); (N.U.); (K.M.); (T.O.)
| | - Aki Sakatani
- Division of Metabolism and Biosystemic Science, Gastroenterology, and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan; (S.K.); (T.G.); (K.A.); (A.S.); (N.U.); (K.M.); (T.O.)
| | - Hiroki Tanaka
- Division of Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan;
| | - Nobuhiro Ueno
- Division of Metabolism and Biosystemic Science, Gastroenterology, and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan; (S.K.); (T.G.); (K.A.); (A.S.); (N.U.); (K.M.); (T.O.)
| | - Kentaro Moriichi
- Division of Metabolism and Biosystemic Science, Gastroenterology, and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan; (S.K.); (T.G.); (K.A.); (A.S.); (N.U.); (K.M.); (T.O.)
| | - Toshikatsu Okumura
- Division of Metabolism and Biosystemic Science, Gastroenterology, and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan; (S.K.); (T.G.); (K.A.); (A.S.); (N.U.); (K.M.); (T.O.)
| | - Mikihiro Fujiya
- Department of Gastroenterology and Advanced Medical Sciences, Asahikawa Medical University, 2-1-1-1, Midorigaoka, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan;
- Division of Metabolism and Biosystemic Science, Gastroenterology, and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan; (S.K.); (T.G.); (K.A.); (A.S.); (N.U.); (K.M.); (T.O.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-166-68-2462
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Sznurkowska MK, Aceto N. The gate to metastasis: key players in cancer cell intravasation. FEBS J 2021; 289:4336-4354. [PMID: 34077633 PMCID: PMC9546053 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis is a leading cause of cancer‐related death and consists of a sequence of events including tumor expansion, intravasation of cancer cells into the circulation, survival in the bloodstream, extravasation at distant sites, and subsequent organ colonization. Particularly, intravasation is a process whereby cancer cells transverse the endothelium and leave the primary tumor site, pioneering the metastatic cascade. The identification of those mechanisms that trigger the entry of cancer cells into the bloodstream may reveal fundamentally novel ways to block metastasis at its start. Multiple factors have been implicated in cancer progression, yet, signals that unequivocally provoke the detachment of cancer cells from the primary tumor are still under investigation. Here, we discuss the role of intrinsic properties of cancer cells, tumor microenvironment, and mechanical cues in the intravasation process, outlining studies that suggest the involvement of various factors and highlighting current understanding and open questions in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena K Sznurkowska
- Department of Biomedicine, Cancer Metastasis Laboratory, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nicola Aceto
- Department of Biomedicine, Cancer Metastasis Laboratory, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Switzerland
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Labgaa I, von Felden J, Craig AJ, Martins-Filho SN, Villacorta-Martin C, Demartines N, Dormond O, D'Avola D, Villanueva A. Experimental Models of Liquid Biopsy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Reveal Clone-Dependent Release of Circulating Tumor DNA. Hepatol Commun 2021; 5:1095-1105. [PMID: 34141992 PMCID: PMC8183169 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Liquid biopsy, the molecular analysis of tumor components released into the bloodstream, has emerged as a noninvasive and resourceful means to access genomic information from cancers. Most data derived from translational studies showcase its numerous potential clinical applications. However, data from experimental models are scarce, and little is known about the underlying mechanisms and factors controlling the release of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and cells (CTCs). This study aimed to model liquid biopsy in hepatocellular carcinoma xenografts and to study the dynamics of release of ctDNA and CTCs; this included models of intratumoral heterogeneity (ITH) and metastatic disease. We quantified ctDNA by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting human long interspersed nuclear element group 1; targeted mutation analysis was performed with digital droplet PCR. CTCs were traced by flow cytometry. Results demonstrated the feasibility of detecting ctDNA, including clone-specific mutations, as well as CTCs in blood samples of mice. In addition, the concentration of ctDNA and presence of tumor-specific mutations reflected tumor progression, and detection of CTCs was associated with metastases. Our ITH model suggested differences in the release of DNA fragments impacted by the cell-clone origin and the treatment. Conclusion: These data present new models to study liquid biopsy and its underlying mechanisms and highlighted a clone-dependent release of ctDNA into the bloodstream.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Labgaa
- Division of Liver DiseasesLiver Cancer ProgramTisch Cancer InstituteIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA.,Department of Visceral SurgeryLausanne University Hospital and University of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Johann von Felden
- Division of Liver DiseasesLiver Cancer ProgramTisch Cancer InstituteIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA.,1. Department of Internal MedicineUniversity Medical Center Hamburg EppendorfHamburgGermany
| | - Amanda J Craig
- Division of Liver DiseasesLiver Cancer ProgramTisch Cancer InstituteIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA.,Liver Cancer ProgramCenter for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer InstituteBethesdaMDUSA
| | - Sebastiao N Martins-Filho
- Division of Liver DiseasesLiver Cancer ProgramTisch Cancer InstituteIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity Health NetworkUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada.,Departamento de PatologiaFaculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São PauloUniversidade de São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Carlos Villacorta-Martin
- Division of Liver DiseasesLiver Cancer ProgramTisch Cancer InstituteIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA.,Center for Regenerative MedicineBoston University and Boston Medical CenterBostonMAUSA
| | - Nicolas Demartines
- Department of Visceral SurgeryLausanne University Hospital and University of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Olivier Dormond
- Department of Visceral SurgeryLausanne University Hospital and University of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Delia D'Avola
- Division of Liver DiseasesLiver Cancer ProgramTisch Cancer InstituteIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA.,Liver UnitClinica Universidad de NavarraPamplonaSpain.,Liver UnitClinica Universidad de NavarraMadridSpain.,Centro de Investigacion Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y DigestivasPamplonaSpain
| | - Augusto Villanueva
- Division of Liver DiseasesLiver Cancer ProgramTisch Cancer InstituteIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA.,Division of Hematology/OncologyDepartment of MedicineIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
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Aguilera KY, Dawson DW. WNT Ligand Dependencies in Pancreatic Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:671022. [PMID: 33996827 PMCID: PMC8113755 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.671022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
WNT signaling promotes the initiation and progression of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) through wide-ranging effects on cellular proliferation, survival, differentiation, stemness, and tumor microenvironment. Of therapeutic interest is a genetically defined subset of PDAC known to have increased WNT/β-catenin transcriptional activity, growth dependency on WNT ligand signaling, and response to pharmacologic inhibitors of the WNT pathway. Here we review mechanisms underlying WNT ligand addiction in pancreatic tumorigenesis, as well as the potential utility of therapeutic approaches that functionally antagonize WNT ligand secretion or frizzled receptor binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Y. Aguilera
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - David W. Dawson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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50
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Alix-Panabières C, Pantel K. Liquid Biopsy: From Discovery to Clinical Application. Cancer Discov 2021; 11:858-873. [PMID: 33811121 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-20-1311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 383] [Impact Index Per Article: 127.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Over the past 10 years, circulating tumor cells (CTC) and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) have received enormous attention as new biomarkers and subjects of translational research. Although both biomarkers are already used in numerous clinical trials, their clinical utility is still under investigation with promising first results. Clinical applications include early cancer detection, improved cancer staging, early detection of relapse, real-time monitoring of therapeutic efficacy, and detection of therapeutic targets and resistance mechanisms. Here, we propose a conceptual framework of CTC and ctDNA assays and point out current challenges of CTC and ctDNA research, which might structure this dynamic field of translational cancer research. SIGNIFICANCE: The analysis of blood for CTCs or cell-free nucleic acids called "liquid biopsy" has opened new avenues for cancer diagnostics, including early detection of tumors, improved risk assessment and staging, as well as early detection of relapse and monitoring of tumor evolution in the context of cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Alix-Panabières
- Laboratory of Rare Human Circulating Cells (LCCRH), University Medical Centre of Montpellier, Montpellier, France. .,CREEC/CANECEV, MIVEGEC (CREES), University of Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Klaus Pantel
- Department of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
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