1
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Kim MH, Jang H, Lee E, Seo J, Park J, Choi A, Kim T, Choi M, Kim E, Jung YH, Kang SJ, Cho J, Li Y, Kim MG, Seo DH, Lee HW. Metal-to-metal charge transfer for stabilizing high-voltage redox in lithium-rich layered oxide cathodes. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2025; 11:eadt0232. [PMID: 39970216 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adt0232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2025] [Indexed: 02/21/2025]
Abstract
Apart from conventional redox chemistries, exploring high-voltage anionic redox processes, such as pure oxygen or high-valent transition metal ion redox, poses challenges due to the instability of O nonbonding or O-dominant energy states. These states are associated with destructive behaviors in layered oxide cathodes, including local structural distortion, cationic disordering, and oxygen gas evolution. In this study, we suppress first-cycle voltage hysteresis and irreversible O2 evolution in Li-rich oxide cathodes through covalency competition induced by the substitution of electropositive groups. We found that the nonequivalent electron distribution within an asymmetric MA-O-MB backbone (metal-to-metal charge transfer via oxygen ligands) increases electron density on electronegative transition metal ions, preventing them from reaching unstable oxidation states within an operating voltage range. This phenomenon is observed across diverse transition metal combinations, providing insights into controlling unnecessary oxygen redox activity. Our findings open new avenues for controlling intrinsic redox chemistry and enabling the rational design of high-energy density Li-rich oxide cathodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Ho Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Haeseong Jang
- Department of Advanced Materials Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Anseong-si 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunryeol Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkely National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Jeongwoo Seo
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehyun Park
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Ahreum Choi
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Taewon Kim
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Oxford OX13PH, UK
| | - Myeongjun Choi
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Euna Kim
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong Hwa Jung
- Beamline Research Division, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory (PAL), Pohang-si 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Ju Kang
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaephil Cho
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuzhang Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Min Gyu Kim
- Beamline Research Division, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory (PAL), Pohang-si 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hwa Seo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Wook Lee
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
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2
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Zhang K, Chen Y, Zhu Y, Zheng Q, Tang Y, Yu D, Liu Q, Luo H, Yin J, Zeng L, Jiao W, Liu N, Wang Q, Zheng L, Zhang J, Wang Y, Zhang B, Yan Y, Huang H, Shen CH, Qiao Y, Sun SG. Depth-of-Discharge Dependent Capacity Decay Induced by the Accumulation of Oxidized Lattice Oxygen in Li-Rich Layered Oxide Cathode. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2025; 64:e202419909. [PMID: 39606829 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202419909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2024] [Revised: 11/12/2024] [Accepted: 11/27/2024] [Indexed: 11/29/2024]
Abstract
More and more basic practical application scenarios have been gradually ignored/disregarded, in fundamental research on rechargeable batteries, e.g. assessing cycle life under various depths-of-discharge (DODs). Herein, although benefit from the additional energy density introduced by anionic redox, we critically revealed that lithium-rich layered oxide (LRLO) cathodes present anomalously poor capacity retention at low-DOD cycling, which is essentially different from typical layered cathodes (e.g. NCM), and pose a formidable impediment to the practical application of LRLO. We systemically demonstrated that DOD-dependent capacity decay is induced by the anionic redox and accumulation of oxidized lattice oxygen (On-). Upon low-DOD cycling, the accumulation of On- and the persistent presence of vacancies in the transition metal (TM) layer intensified the in-plane migration of TM, exacerbating the expansion of vacancy clusters, which further facilitated detrimental out-of-plane TM migration. As a result, the aggravated structural degradation of LRLO at low-DOD impeded reversible Li+ intercalation, resulting in rapid capacity decay. Furthermore, prolonged accumulation of On- persistently corroded the electrode-electrolyte interface, especially negative for pouch-type full-cells with the shuttle effect. Once the "double-edged sword" effect of anionic redox being elucidated under practical condition, corresponding modification strategies/routes would become distinct for accelerating the practical application of LRLO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Yilong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Yuanlong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Qizheng Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Yonglin Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Dongyan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Qirui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Haiyan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Jianhua Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Linhui Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Wen Jiao
- Materials Innovation Department (MID), Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited (CATL), Ningde, 352100, P. R. China
| | - Na Liu
- Materials Innovation Department (MID), Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited (CATL), Ningde, 352100, P. R. China
| | - Qingsong Wang
- Bavarian Center for Battery Technology, Department of Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, 95447, Germany
| | - Lirong Zheng
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yongchen Wang
- Phylion Battery Co., Ltd, Suzhou, 215000, P. R. China
| | - Baodan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
- Center of Advanced Electrochemical Energy, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China
| | - Yawen Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Huan Huang
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Chong-Heng Shen
- Materials Innovation Department (MID), Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited (CATL), Ningde, 352100, P. R. China
| | - Yu Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Shi-Gang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
- Center of Advanced Electrochemical Energy, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China
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3
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Mei Y, Li Y, Wang H, Gao J, Ni L, Silvester DS, Banks CE, Deng W, Chen B, Zou G, Hou H, Liu T, Ji X, Liang C, Amine K. Tetrahedral Lithium Stuffing in Disordered Rocksalt Cathodes for High-Power-Density and Energy-Density Batteries. J Am Chem Soc 2025; 147:4438-4449. [PMID: 39841987 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c15631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2025]
Abstract
Li-rich cation-disordered rocksalt (DRX) materials introduce new paradigms in the design of high-capacity Li-ion battery cathode materials. However, DRX materials show strikingly sluggish kinetics due to random Li percolation with poor rate performance. Here, we demonstrate that Li stuffing into the tetrahedral sites of the Mn-based rocksalt skeleton injects a novel tetrahedron-octahedron-tetrahedron diffusion path, which acts as a low-energy-barrier hub to facilitate high-speed Li transport. Moreover, the enhanced stability of lattice oxygen and the suppression of transition metal migration preserve the efficacy of the Li percolation network during cycling. Overall, the tetrahedral Li stuffing DRX material exhibits high energy density (311 mAh g-1, 923 Wh kg-1) and high power density (251 mAh g-1, 697 Wh kg-1 at 1000 mA g-1). Our results highlight the potential to develop high-performance and earth-abundant cathode materials within the extensive range of rocksalt compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Mei
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Yujin Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Haoji Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Jinqiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Lianshan Ni
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Debbie S Silvester
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6845, Australia
| | - Craig E Banks
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M1 5GD, U.K
| | - Wentao Deng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Baishan Chen
- Institute for Advanced Study, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Guoqiang Zou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Hongshuai Hou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Tongchao Liu
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Xiaobo Ji
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Chaoping Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Khalil Amine
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
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4
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Wang Y, Li C, Li Y, de Benito R, Williams J, Stratford JM, Li Z, Zeng C, Qin N, Wang H, Cao Y, Gardner D, Lima da Silva W, Tippireddy S, Gan Q, Zhang F, Luo W, Makepeace JW, Zhou KJ, Zhang K, Zhang F, Allan PK, Lu Z. A Metastable Oxygen Redox Cathode for Lithium-Ion Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2025:e202422789. [PMID: 39901847 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202422789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2024] [Revised: 01/23/2025] [Accepted: 02/03/2025] [Indexed: 02/05/2025]
Abstract
Simultaneously harnessing cation and anion redox activities in the cathode is crucial for the development of high energy-density lithium-ion batteries. However, achieving long-term stability for both mechanisms remains a significant challenge due to pronounced anisotropic volume changes at low lithium content, unfavorable cation migration, and oxygen loss. Here, we demonstrate exceptionally stable cation and anion redox behavior in a metastable, cobalt-free layered oxide, Li0.693[Li0.153Ni0.190Mn0.657]O2 (LLNMO). After 50 cycles at 50 mA/g (~0.2 C), the cathode retains 97.4 % of its initial capacity (222.4 mAh/g) with negligible voltage decay. This remarkable stability is attributed to its metastable O6-type structure (R-3m symmetry) with unique local geometry. The face-sharing connectivity between lithium layers and alternating transition metal (TM) layers effectively suppresses TM migration-induced voltage decay during anion redox. Additionally, the structure balances interlayer cation/cation and anion/anion repulsions, resulting in minimal expansion and contraction during de-/lithiation (<2.3 % along the c-axis) and excellent structural reversibility. These findings highlight that layered oxides with a metastable framework are promising cathode candidates for next-generation ultra-high-energy lithium-ion batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfang Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
- Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Cheng Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yingzhi Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Raquel de Benito
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Jacob Williams
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Joshua M Stratford
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Zhiqiang Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Chun Zeng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Ning Qin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Hongzhi Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yulin Cao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Dominic Gardner
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
- The Faraday Institution, Harwell Campus, Didcot, UK
| | - Wilgner Lima da Silva
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
- The Faraday Institution, Harwell Campus, Didcot, UK
| | | | - Qingmeng Gan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Fangchang Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Wen Luo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Joshua W Makepeace
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Ke-Jin Zhou
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot, UK
| | - Kaili Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Fucai Zhang
- Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Phoebe K Allan
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
- The Faraday Institution, Harwell Campus, Didcot, UK
| | - Zhouguang Lu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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5
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Jiang Z, Zhang K, Ding Q, Gao C, Zuo Y, Wang H, Cai J, Li B, Ai X, Xia D. Metal-Ligand Spin-Lock Strategy for Inhibiting Anion Dimerization in Li-Rich Cathode Materials. J Am Chem Soc 2025; 147:3062-3071. [PMID: 39743315 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c10815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2025]
Abstract
Anion dimerization poses a significant challenge for the application of Li-rich cathode materials (LCMs) in high-energy-density Li-ion batteries because of its deleterious effects, including rapid capacity and voltage decay, sluggish reaction kinetics, and large voltage hysteresis. Herein, we propose a metal-ligand spin-lock strategy to inhibit anion dimerization, which involves introducing an Fe-Ni couple having antiferromagnetic superexchange interaction into the LCM to lock the spin orientations of the unpaired electrons in the anions in the same direction. As proof of concept, we applied this strategy to intralayer disordered Li2TiS3 (ID-LTS) to inhibit S-S dimerization. Electrochemical characterization using the galvanostatic charge/discharge and intermittent titration technique demonstrated the considerably enhanced anionic redox activity, reduced voltage hysteresis, and improved kinetics of the Fe-Ni-couple-incorporated ID-LTS. Fe L2,3-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy and magnetic susceptibility measurements revealed that the metal-ligand spin-lock effect and consequent suppression of anion dimerization involve ligand-to-metal charge transfer between S and Fe. Further electrochemical tests on a Fe-Ni-couple-incorporated Li-rich layered oxide (Li0.7Li0.1Fe0.2Ni0.1Mn0.6O2) indicated the importance of the π backbond in enhancing ligand-to-metal charge transfer from S to Fe. These findings demonstrate the potential application of our metal-ligand spin-lock strategy in the development of high-performance LCMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zewen Jiang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Advanced Batteries Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Advanced Batteries Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Qihang Ding
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Chuan Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Advanced Batteries Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Yuxuan Zuo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Advanced Batteries Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Hangchao Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Advanced Batteries Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Junfei Cai
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Advanced Batteries Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Biao Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Advanced Batteries Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Xinping Ai
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Dingguo Xia
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Advanced Batteries Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
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6
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Cui T, Liu L, Zhang J, Li X, Fu Y, Zhou H. Beyond Inducing Anionic Redox: Controllable Migration Sequence of Li Ions in Transition Metal Layers Toward Highly Stable Li-Rich Cathodes. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2025:e2412562. [PMID: 39811941 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202412562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2024] [Revised: 12/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2025]
Abstract
The energy density of layered oxides of Li-ion batteries can be enhanced by inducing oxygen redox through replacing transition metal (TM) ions with Li ions in the TM layer. Undesirably, the cathodes always suffer from unfavorable structural degradation, which is closely associated with irreversible TM migration and slab gliding, resulting in continuous capacity and voltage decay. Herein, attention is paid to the Li ions in the TM layer (LiTM) and find their extra effects beyond inducing oxygen redox, which has been rarely mentioned. With the aid of 7Li solid-state NMR and density functional theory (DFT) calculations, the controllable migration of LiTM is verified. The mystery is uncovered that the preferential migration of LiTM plays an imperative role in preventing the structural transformation by postponing the slab gliding of the layered structure. Integrated with the inhibited TM migration, the structural robustness and reversibility of Li2RuO3 can be drastically improved after Zr-substitution, providing a solid foundation for achieving ultra-stable electrochemical performance even after thousands of cycles (2500 cycles). The discovery highlights the significance of LiTM with respect to the structural robustness and provides a potential route toward high-energy-density Li-ion batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianwei Cui
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Longxiang Liu
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PH, UK
| | - Jiayuan Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Li
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Yongzhu Fu
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Haoshen Zhou
- Center of Energy Storage Materials and Technology, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
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7
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Wan JZ, Ma C, Chen JS, Wang KX. Towards High-Performance Li-Rich Cathode Materials: from Morphology Design to Electronic Structure Modulation. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2025; 21:e2408839. [PMID: 39676464 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202408839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2024] [Revised: 11/04/2024] [Indexed: 12/17/2024]
Abstract
Lithium-rich cathode materials (LRMs) have garnered significant interest owing to their high reversible discharge capacity (exceeding 250 mAh g⁻¹), which is attributed to the redox reactions of transition metal (TM) ions as well as the distinctive redox processes of oxygen anions. However, there are still many problems, such as their relatively poor rate performance and voltage fading and hysteresis, hindering their practical applications. Herein, the recent insights into the mechanisms and the latest advancements in the research of LRMs are discussed. Strategies to promote the performance of LRMs are discussed following a top-down approach from the morphology design to electronic structure modulation. Finally, the ongoing efforts in this area are also discussed to inspire more new ideas for the future development of LRMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Zhe Wan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Chao Ma
- College of Smart Energy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Jie-Sheng Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Kai-Xue Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
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8
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Liu S, Liu F, Zhao S, Zhuo Z, Xiao D, Cui Z, Wang Y, Wang B, Wu T, Li Y, Liang L, Huang H, Yang W, Yu H. A High-Entropy Engineering on Sustainable Anionic Redox Mn-Based Cathode with Retardant Stress for High-Rate Sodium-Ion Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024:e202421089. [PMID: 39714771 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202421089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2024] [Revised: 12/08/2024] [Accepted: 12/21/2024] [Indexed: 12/24/2024]
Abstract
Manganese-based (Mn-based) layered oxides have emerged as competitive cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs), primarily due to their high energy density, cost-effectiveness, and potential for mass production. However, these materials often suffer from irreversible oxygen redox reactions, significant phase transitions, and microcrack formation, which lead to considerable internal stress and degradation of electrochemical performance. This study introduces a high-entropy engineering strategy for P2-type Mn-based layered oxide cathodes (HE-NMCO), wherein a multi-ingredient cocktail effect strengthens the lattice framework by modulating the local environmental chemistry. This innovative approach fosters sustainable reversible oxygen activity, mitigates stress concentrations at grain boundaries, and accelerates Na+ transport kinetics. The resulting robust lattice framework with optimized elemental interactions significantly improves structural integrity and reduces the formation of intragranular fractures. Consequently, HE-NMCO demonstrates remarkable cycling stability, retaining 93.5 % capacity after 100 deep (de)sodiation cycles, alongside an enhanced rate capability of 134.1 mAh g-1 at 5 C. Notably, comparative studies through multimodal characterization techniques highlight HE-NMCO's superior reversibility in oxygen anion redox (OAR) reactions over extensive cycling, contrasting sharply with conventional NMCO cathode. This work elucidates the potential for advancing high energy and power density Mn-based cathodes for SIBs through local species diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Liu
- Institute of Advanced Battery Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
- Institute of Matter Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Fangzheng Liu
- Institute of Advanced Battery Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Shu Zhao
- Institute of Advanced Battery Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Zengqing Zhuo
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Dongdong Xiao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Zhongyi Cui
- Institute of Advanced Battery Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Yulong Wang
- Institute of Advanced Battery Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Boya Wang
- Institute of Advanced Battery Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Tianhao Wu
- Institute of Advanced Battery Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Yuming Li
- Institute of Advanced Battery Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Lisi Liang
- Institute of Advanced Battery Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
- College of Metallurgical Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Houbing Huang
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Wanli Yang
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Haijun Yu
- Institute of Advanced Battery Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
- Institute of Matter Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
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9
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Jiang YS, Liao ZM, Yu FD, Ke W, Li XY, Xia Y, Xu GJ, Sun G, Xia YG, Yin W, Deng L, Zhao L, Wang ZB. A Cable-Stayed Honeycomb Superstructure to Improve the Stability of Li-Rich Materials via Inhibiting Interlaminar Lattice Strain. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2404982. [PMID: 38781489 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202404982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
In layered Li-rich materials, over stoichiometric Li forms an ordered occupation of LiTM6 in transition metal (TM) layer, showing a honeycomb superstructure along [001] direction. At the atomic scale, the instability of the superstructure at high voltage is the root cause of problems such as capacity/voltage decay of Li-rich materials. Here a Li-rich material with a high Li/Ni disorder is reported, these interlayer Ni atoms locate above the honeycomb superstructure and share adjacent O coordination with honeycomb TM. These Ni─O bonds act as cable-stayed bridge to the honeycomb plane, and improve the high-voltage stability. The cable-stayed honeycomb superstructure is confirmed by in situ X-ray diffraction to have a unique cell evolution mechanism that it can alleviate interlaminar lattice strain by promoting in-plane expansion along a-axis and inhibiting c-axis stretching. Electrochemical tests also demonstrate significantly improved long cycle performance after 500 cycles (86% for Li-rich/Li half cell and 82% for Li-rich/Si-C full cell) and reduced irreversible oxygen release. This work proves the feasibility of achieving outstanding stability of lithium-rich materials through superstructure regulation and provides new insights for the development of the next-generation high-energy-density cathodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Shan Jiang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Space Power-Sources, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Zhong-Miao Liao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Fu-da Yu
- Engineering Research Center of Environment-Friendly Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Fujian Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Functional Materials, College of Materials Science & Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Wang Ke
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Space Power-Sources, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Xin-Yu Li
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Space Power-Sources, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Yang Xia
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Space Power-Sources, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Gui-Jing Xu
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Space Power-Sources, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Gang Sun
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518071, China
| | - Yuan-Guang Xia
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100049, China
- Spallation Neutron Source Science Center (SNSSC), Dongguan, 523803, China
| | - Wen Yin
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100049, China
- Spallation Neutron Source Science Center (SNSSC), Dongguan, 523803, China
| | - Liang Deng
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Space Power-Sources, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Space Power-Sources, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Zhen-Bo Wang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Space Power-Sources, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518071, China
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10
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Zhang G, Wen X, Gao Y, Zhang R, Huang Y. Inhibiting Voltage Decay in Li-Rich Layered Oxide Cathode: From O3-Type to O2-Type Structural Design. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2024; 16:260. [PMID: 39085663 PMCID: PMC11291833 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-024-01473-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Li-rich layered oxide (LRLO) cathodes have been regarded as promising candidates for next-generation Li-ion batteries due to their exceptionally high energy density, which combines cationic and anionic redox activities. However, continuous voltage decay during cycling remains the primary obstacle for practical applications, which has yet to be fundamentally addressed. It is widely acknowledged that voltage decay originates from the irreversible migration of transition metal ions, which usually further exacerbates structural evolution and aggravates the irreversible oxygen redox reactions. Recently, constructing O2-type structure has been considered one of the most promising approaches for inhibiting voltage decay. In this review, the relationship between voltage decay and structural evolution is systematically elucidated. Strategies to suppress voltage decay are systematically summarized. Additionally, the design of O2-type structure and the corresponding mechanism of suppressing voltage decay are comprehensively discussed. Unfortunately, the reported O2-type LRLO cathodes still exhibit partially disordered structure with extended cycles. Herein, the factors that may cause the irreversible transition metal migrations in O2-type LRLO materials are also explored, while the perspectives and challenges for designing high-performance O2-type LRLO cathodes without voltage decay are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohua Zhang
- Institute of New Energy for Vehicles, Shanghai Key Laboratory for R&D and Application of Metallic Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohui Wen
- Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Ltd, Ningde, 352100, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuheng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die and Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Renyuan Zhang
- Institute of New Energy for Vehicles, Shanghai Key Laboratory for R&D and Application of Metallic Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yunhui Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die and Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Kang S, Lee S, Lee H, Kang YM. Manipulating disorder within cathodes of alkali-ion batteries. Nat Rev Chem 2024; 8:587-604. [PMID: 38956354 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-024-00622-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
The fact that ordered materials are rarely perfectly crystalline is widely acknowledged among materials scientists, but its impact is often overlooked or underestimated when studying how structure relates to properties. Various investigations demonstrate that intrinsic and extrinsic defects, and disorder generated by physicochemical reactions, are responsible for unexpectedly detrimental or beneficial functionalities. The task remains to modulate the disorder to produce desired properties in materials. As disorder is often correlated with local interactions, it is controllable. In this Review, we explore the structural disorder in cathode materials as a novel approach for improving their electrochemical performance. We revisit cathode materials for alkali-ion batteries and outline the origins and beneficial consequences of disorder. Focusing on layered, cubic rocksalt and other metal oxides, we discuss how disorder improves electrochemical properties of cathode materials and which interactions generate the disorder. We also present the potential pitfalls of disorder that must be considered. We conclude with perspectives for enhancing the electrochemical performance of cathode materials by using disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seongkoo Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Suwon Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hakwoo Lee
- Department of Battery-Smart Factory, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Mook Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Battery-Smart Factory, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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12
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Sun S, Fan E, Wang H, Lv X, Zhang X, Chen R, Wu F, Li L. In Situ Constructed Spinel Layer Stabilized Upcycled LiCoO 2 for High Performance Lithium-Ion Batteries. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2401089. [PMID: 38705868 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202401089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
With ever-increasing requirements for cathodes in the lithium-ion batteries market, an efficiency and eco-friendly upcycling regeneration strategy is imperative to meet the demand for high-performance cathode materials. Herein, a facile, direct and upcycling regeneration strategy is proposed to restore the failed LiCoO2 and enhance the stability at 4.6 V. Double effects combination of relithiation and outside surface reconstruction are simultaneously achieved via a facile solid-phase sintering method. The evolution process of the Li-supplement and grain-recrystallization is systematically investigated, and the high performance of the upcycled materials at high voltage is comprehensively demonstrated. Thanks to the favorable spinel LiCoxMn2-xO4 surface coating, the upcycled sample displays outstanding electrochemical performance, superior to the pristine cathode materials. Notably, the 1% surface-coated LiCoO2 achieves a high discharge-specific capacity of 207.9 mA h g-1 at 0.1 C and delivers excellent cyclability with 77.0% capacity retention after 300 cycles. Significantly, this in situ created spinel coating layer can be potentially utilized for recycling spent LiCoO2, thus providing a viable, promising recycling strategy insights into the upcycling of degraded cathodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisheng Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Ersha Fan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
- Advanced Technology Research Institute, Beijing Institute of Technology, Jinan, 250300, China
| | - Hongyi Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xiaowei Lv
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Renjie Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
- Advanced Technology Research Institute, Beijing Institute of Technology, Jinan, 250300, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Electric Vehicles in Beijing, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Feng Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
- Advanced Technology Research Institute, Beijing Institute of Technology, Jinan, 250300, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Electric Vehicles in Beijing, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Li Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
- Advanced Technology Research Institute, Beijing Institute of Technology, Jinan, 250300, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Electric Vehicles in Beijing, Beijing, 100081, China
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13
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Foubelo F, Nájera C, Retamosa MG, Sansano JM, Yus M. Catalytic asymmetric synthesis of 1,2-diamines. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:7983-8085. [PMID: 38990173 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00379e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
The asymmetric catalytic synthesis of 1,2-diamines has received considerable interest, especially in the last ten years, due to their presence in biologically active compounds and their applications for the development of synthetic building blocks, chiral ligands and organocatalysts. Synthetic strategies based on C-N bond-forming reactions involve mainly (a) ring opening of aziridines and azabenzonorbornadienes, (b) hydroamination of allylic amines, (c) hydroamination of enamines and (d) diamination of olefins. In the case of C-C bond-forming reactions are included (a) the aza-Mannich reaction of imino esters, imino nitriles, azlactones, isocyano acetates, and isothiocyanates with imines, (b) the aza-Henry reaction of nitroalkanes with imines, (c) imine-imine coupling reactions, and (d) reductive coupling of enamines with imines, and (e) [3+2] cycloaddition with imines. C-H bond forming reactions include hydrogenation of CN bonds and C-H amination reactions. Other catalytic methods include desymmetrization reactions of meso-diamines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Foubelo
- Departamento de Química Orgánica and Instituto de Síntesis Orgánica (ISO), Universidad de Alicante, Apdo. 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain
- Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Alicante, Apdo. 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain.
| | - Carmen Nájera
- Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Alicante, Apdo. 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain.
| | - Ma Gracia Retamosa
- Departamento de Química Orgánica and Instituto de Síntesis Orgánica (ISO), Universidad de Alicante, Apdo. 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain
- Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Alicante, Apdo. 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain.
| | - José M Sansano
- Departamento de Química Orgánica and Instituto de Síntesis Orgánica (ISO), Universidad de Alicante, Apdo. 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain
- Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Alicante, Apdo. 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain.
| | - Miguel Yus
- Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Alicante, Apdo. 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain.
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14
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Cui T, Xu J, Wang X, Liu L, Xiang Y, Zhu H, Li X, Fu Y. Highly reversible transition metal migration in superstructure-free Li-rich oxide boosting voltage stability and redox symmetry. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4742. [PMID: 38834571 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48890-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The further practical applications of Li-rich layered oxides are impeded by voltage decay and redox asymmetry, which are closely related to the structural degradation involving irreversible transition metal migration. It has been demonstrated that the superstructure ordering in O2-type materials can effectively suppress voltage decay and redox asymmetry. Herein, we elucidate that the absence of this superstructure ordering arrangement in a Ru-based O2-type oxide can still facilitate the highly reversible transition metal migration. We certify that Ru in superstructure-free O2-type structure can unlock a quite different migration path from Mn in mostly studied cases. The highly reversible migration of Ru helps the cathode maintain the structural robustness, thus realizing terrific capacity retention with neglectable voltage decay and inhibited oxygen redox asymmetry. We untie the knot that the absence of superstructure ordering fails to enable a high-performance Li-rich layered oxide cathode material with suppressed voltage decay and redox asymmetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianwei Cui
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Jialiang Xu
- University of Michigan-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Longxiang Liu
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PH, UK
| | - Yuxuan Xiang
- Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310030, China
- School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310030, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- University of Michigan-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xiang Li
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| | - Yongzhu Fu
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
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15
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Yin Z, Zhao J, Luo D, Chin Y, Chen C, Chen H, Yin W, Tang Y, Yang T, Ren J, Li T, Wiaderek KM, Kong Q, Fan J, Zhu H, Ren Y, Liu Q. Regulating the Electron Distribution of Metal-Oxygen for Enhanced Oxygen Stability in Li-rich Layered Cathodes. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2307397. [PMID: 38650173 PMCID: PMC11199972 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202307397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Li-rich Mn-based layered oxides (LLO) hold great promise as cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to their unique oxygen redox (OR) chemistry, which enables additional capacity. However, the LLOs face challenges related to the instability of their OR process due to the weak transition metal (TM)-oxygen bond, leading to oxygen loss and irreversible phase transition that results in severe capacity and voltage decay. Herein, a synergistic electronic regulation strategy of surface and interior structures to enhance oxygen stability is proposed. In the interior of the materials, the local electrons around TM and O atoms may be delocalized by surrounding Mo atoms, facilitating the formation of stronger TM─O bonds at high voltages. Besides, on the surface, the highly reactive O atoms with lone pairs of electrons are passivated by additional TM atoms, which provides a more stable TM─O framework. Hence, this strategy stabilizes the oxygen and hinders TM migration, which enhances the reversibility in structural evolution, leading to increased capacity and voltage retention. This work presents an efficient approach to enhance the performance of LLOs through surface-to-interior electronic structure modulation, while also contributing to a deeper understanding of their redox reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijia Yin
- Department of PhysicsCity University of Hong KongHong Kong999077P. R. China
- Shenzhen Research InstituteCity University of Hong KongShenzhenGuangdong518057P. R. China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringCity University of Hong KongHong Kong999077P. R. China
| | - Dong Luo
- Department of PhysicsCity University of Hong KongHong Kong999077P. R. China
| | - Yi‐Ying Chin
- Department of PhysicsNational Chung Cheng UniversityNo.168, Sec. 1, University Rd., MinhsiungChiayi621301Taiwan
| | - Chien‐Te Chen
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center101 Hsin‐Ann RoadHsinchu30076Taiwan
| | - Huaican Chen
- Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)Beijing100049P. R. China
| | - Wen Yin
- Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)Beijing100049P. R. China
| | - Yu Tang
- Department of PhysicsCity University of Hong KongHong Kong999077P. R. China
| | - Tingting Yang
- Department of PhysicsCity University of Hong KongHong Kong999077P. R. China
| | - Jincan Ren
- Department of PhysicsCity University of Hong KongHong Kong999077P. R. China
| | - Tianyi Li
- X‐Ray Science DivisionArgonne National LaboratoryLemontIL60439USA
| | | | - Qingyu Kong
- Société Civile Synchrotron SOLEILL'Orme des MerisiersSaint‐Aubin, BP 48GIF‐sur‐YvetteCedex91192France
| | - Jun Fan
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringCity University of Hong KongHong Kong999077P. R. China
| | - He Zhu
- Shenzhen Research InstituteCity University of Hong KongShenzhenGuangdong518057P. R. China
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of NanoscienceSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing210094P. R. China
| | - Yang Ren
- Department of PhysicsCity University of Hong KongHong Kong999077P. R. China
- Shenzhen Research InstituteCity University of Hong KongShenzhenGuangdong518057P. R. China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of PhysicsCity University of Hong KongHong Kong999077P. R. China
- Shenzhen Research InstituteCity University of Hong KongShenzhenGuangdong518057P. R. China
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16
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Wang Y, Wang H, Huang Y, Li Y, Li Z, Makepeace JW, Liu Q, Zhang F, Allan PK, Lu Z. Mitigating Strain Accumulation in Li 2RuO 3 via Fluorine Doping. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:5359-5365. [PMID: 38728665 PMCID: PMC11129289 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c00748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Lithium ruthenium oxide (Li2RuO3) is an archetypal lithium rich cathode material (LRCM) with both cation and anion redox reactions (ARRs). Commonly, the instability of oxygen redox activities has been regarded as the root cause of its performance degradation in long-term operation. However, we find that not triggering ARRs does not improve and even worsens its cyclability due to the detrimental strain accumulation induced by Ru redox activities. To solve this problem, we demonstrate that F-doping in Li2RuO3 can alter its preferential orientation and buffer interlayer repulsion upon Ru redox, both of which can mitigate the strain accumulation along the c-axis and improve its structural stability. This work highlights the importance of optimizing cation redox reactions in LRCMs and provides a new perspective for their rational design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfang Wang
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern
University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- School
of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, U.K.
- Department
of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Hongzhi Wang
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern
University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yongcong Huang
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern
University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yingzhi Li
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern
University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Zongrun Li
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern
University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | | | - Quanbing Liu
- School
of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Fucai Zhang
- Department
of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Phoebe K. Allan
- School
of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, U.K.
| | - Zhouguang Lu
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern
University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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17
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Xu Z, Guo X, Song W, Wang J, Qin T, Yuan Y, Lu J. Sulfur-Assisted Surface Modification of Lithium-Rich Manganese-Based Oxide toward High Anionic Redox Reversibility. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2303612. [PMID: 37715450 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202303612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Energy storage via anionic redox provides extra capacity for lithium-rich manganese-based oxide cathodes at high voltage but causes gradual structural collapse and irreversible capacity loss with generation of On - (0 ≤ n < 2) species upon deep oxidation. Herein, the stability and reversibility of anionic redox reactions are enhanced by a simple sulfur-assisted surface modification method, which not only modulates the material's energy band allowing feasible electron release from both bonding and antibonding bands, but also traps the escaping On - via an as-constructed SnS2- x - σ Oy coating layer and return them to the host lattice upon discharge. The regulation of anionic redox inhibits the irreversible structural transformation and parasitic reactions, maintaining the specific capacity retention of as-modified cathode up to 94% after 200 cycles at 100 mA g-1 , along with outstanding voltage stability. The reported strategy incorporating energy band modulation and oxygen trapping is promising for the design and advancement of other cathodes storing energy through anion redox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Xingzhong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
- Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311200, China
| | - Wenjun Song
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Junzhang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Tengteng Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Yifei Yuan
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Jun Lu
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
- Quzhou Institute of Power Battery and Grid Energy Storage, Quzhou, Zhejiang, 324000, China
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18
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Lee J, Kim MH, Lee H, Kim J, Seo J, Lee HW, Hwang C, Song HK. Guaiacol as an Organic Superoxide Dismutase Mimics for Anti-ageing a Ru-based Li-rich Layered Oxide Cathode. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202312928. [PMID: 37842904 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202312928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
High-capacity Li-rich layered oxides using oxygen redox as well as transition metal redox suffer from its structural instability due to lattice oxygen escaped from its structure during oxygen redox and the following electrolyte decomposition by the reactive oxygen species. Herein, we rescued a Li-rich layered oxide based on 4d transition metal by employing an organic superoxide dismutase mimics as a homogeneous electrolyte additive. Guaiacol scavenged superoxide radicals via dismutation or disproportionation to convert two superoxide molecules to peroxide and dioxygen after absorbing lithium superoxide on its partially negative oxygen of methoxy and hydroxyl groups. Additionally, guaiacol was decomposed to form a thin and stable cathode-electrolyte interphase (CEI) layer, endowing the cathode with the interfacial stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeongin Lee
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, UNIST, Ulsan, 44919, Korea
| | - Min-Ho Kim
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, UNIST, Ulsan, 44919, Korea
| | - Hosik Lee
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, UNIST, Ulsan, 44919, Korea
| | - Jonghak Kim
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, UNIST, Ulsan, 44919, Korea
| | - Jeongwoo Seo
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, UNIST, Ulsan, 44919, Korea
| | - Hyun-Wook Lee
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, UNIST, Ulsan, 44919, Korea
| | - Chihyun Hwang
- Advanced Batteries Research Center, KETI, Seongnam, Gyeonggi, 13509, Korea
| | - Hyun-Kon Song
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, UNIST, Ulsan, 44919, Korea
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19
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Sui Y, Zhuo Z, Lei M, Wang L, Yu M, Scida AM, Sandstrom SK, Stickle W, O'Larey TD, Jiang DE, Yang W, Ji X. Li 2 MnO 3 : A Catalyst for a Liquid Cl 2 Electrode in Low-Temperature Aqueous Batteries. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2302595. [PMID: 37604112 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202302595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Li2 MnO3 has been contemplated as a high-capacity cathode candidate for Li-ion batteries; however, it evolves oxygen during battery charging under ambient conditions, which hinders a reversible reaction. However, it is unclear if this irreversible process still holds under subambient conditions. Here, the low-temperature electrochemical properties of Li2 MnO3 in an aqueous LiCl electrolyte are evaluated and a reversible discharge capacity of 302 mAh g-1 at a potential of 1.0 V versus Ag/AgCl at -78 °C with good rate capability and stable cycling performance, in sharp contrast to the findings in a typical Li2 MnO3 cell cycled at room temperature, is observed. However, the results reveal that the capacity does not originate from the reversible oxygen oxidation in Li2 MnO3 but the reversible Cl2 (l)/Cl- (aq.) redox from the electrolyte. The results demonstrate the good catalytic properties of Li2 MnO3 to promote the Cl2 /Cl- redox at low temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Sui
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331-4003, USA
| | - Zengqing Zhuo
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Ming Lei
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Mingliang Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331-4003, USA
| | - Alexis M Scida
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331-4003, USA
| | - Sean K Sandstrom
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331-4003, USA
| | - William Stickle
- Hewlett-Packard Co., 1000 NE Circle Blvd., Corvallis, OR, 97330, USA
| | - Timothy D O'Larey
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331-4003, USA
| | - De-E Jiang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA
| | - Wanli Yang
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Xiulei Ji
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331-4003, USA
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20
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Li B, Zhuo Z, Zhang L, Iadecola A, Gao X, Guo J, Yang W, Morozov AV, Abakumov AM, Tarascon JM. Decoupling the roles of Ni and Co in anionic redox activity of Li-rich NMC cathodes. NATURE MATERIALS 2023; 22:1370-1379. [PMID: 37798516 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-023-01679-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Li[LixNiyMnzCo1-x-y-z]O2 (lithium-rich NMCs) are benchmark cathode materials receiving considerable attention due to the abnormally high capacities resulting from their anionic redox chemistry. Although their anionic redox mechanisms have been much investigated, the roles of cationic redox processes remain underexplored, hindering further performance improvement. Here we decoupled the effects of nickel and cobalt in lithium-rich NMCs via a comprehensive study of two typical compounds, Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2 and Li1.2Co0.4Mn0.4O2. We discovered that both Ni3+/4+ and Co4+, generated during cationic redox processes, are actually intermediate species for triggering oxygen redox through a ligand-to-metal charge-transfer process. However, cobalt is better than nickel in mediating the kinetics of ligand-to-metal charge transfer by favouring more transition metal migration, leading to less cationic redox but more oxygen redox, more O2 release, poorer cycling performance and more severe voltage decay. Our work highlights a compositional optimization pathway for lithium-rich NMCs by deviating from using cobalt to using nickel, providing valuable guidelines for future high-capacity cathode design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Li
- Chimie du Solide-Energie, UMR 8260, Collège de France, Paris, France
- Réseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l'Energie (RS2E), FR CNRS 3459, Amiens, France
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Zengqing Zhuo
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Leiting Zhang
- Department of Chemistry - Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Antonella Iadecola
- Réseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l'Energie (RS2E), FR CNRS 3459, Amiens, France
| | - Xu Gao
- Chimie du Solide-Energie, UMR 8260, Collège de France, Paris, France
- Réseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l'Energie (RS2E), FR CNRS 3459, Amiens, France
| | - Jinghua Guo
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Wanli Yang
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Jean-Marie Tarascon
- Chimie du Solide-Energie, UMR 8260, Collège de France, Paris, France.
- Réseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l'Energie (RS2E), FR CNRS 3459, Amiens, France.
- Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.
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21
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Kang S, Choi D, Lee H, Choi B, Kang YM. A Mechanistic Insight into the Oxygen Redox of Li-Rich Layered Cathodes and their Related Electronic/Atomic Behaviors Upon Cycling. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2211965. [PMID: 36920413 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202211965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Li-rich cathodes are extensively investigated as their energy density is superior to Li stoichiometric cathode materials. In addition to the transition metal redox, this intriguing electrochemical performance originates from the redox reaction of the anionic sublattice. This new redox process, the so-called anionic redox or, more directly, oxygen redox in the case of oxides, almost doubles the energy density of Li-rich cathodes compared to conventional cathodes. Numerous theoretical and experimental investigations have thoroughly established the current understanding of the oxygen redox of Li-rich cathodes. However, different reports are occasionally contradictory, indicating that current knowledge remains incomplete. Moreover, several practical issues still hinder the real-world application of Li-rich cathodes. As these issues are related to phenomena resulting from the electronic to atomic evolution induced by unstable oxygen redox, a fundamental multiscale understanding is essential for solving the problem. In this review, the current mechanistic understanding of oxygen redox, the origin of the practical problems, and how current studies tackle the issues are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seongkoo Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Dayeon Choi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hakwoo Lee
- Department of Battery-Smart Factory, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Byungjin Choi
- Cathode Materials R&D Center, LG Chem, Daejeon, 34122, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Mook Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
- Department of Battery-Smart Factory, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
- Energy Storage Research Center, Clean Energy Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
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22
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Jiao J, Song H, Zhao E, Yin W, Xiao X. Quantifying Effects of Ligand-Metal Bond Covalency on Oxygen-Redox Electrochemistry in Layered Oxide Cathodes. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:7045-7052. [PMID: 37113063 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c00344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Oxygen-redox electrochemistry is attracting tremendous attention due to its enhanced energy density for layered oxide cathodes. However, quantified effects of ligand-metal bond covalency on the oxygen-redox behaviors are not fully understood, limiting a rational structure design for enhancing the oxygen redox reversibility. Here, using Li2Ru1-xMnxO3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.8) which includes both 3d- and 4d-based cations as model compounds, we provide a quantified relation between the ligand-metal bond covalency and oxygen-redox electrochemistry. Supported by theoretical calculations, we reveal a linear positive correlation between the transition metal (TM)-O bond covalency and the overlap area of TM nd and O 2p orbitals. Furthermore, based on the electrochemical tests on the Li2Ru1-xMnxO3 systems, we found that the enhanced TM-O bond covalency can increase the reversibility of oxygen-redox electrochemistry. Due to the strong Ru-O bond covalency, the thus designed Ru-doped Li-rich Li1.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13O2 cathode shows an enhanced initial coulombic efficiency, increased capacity retention, and suppressed voltage decay during cycling. This systematic study provides a rational structure design principle for the development of oxygen-redox-based layered oxide cathodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyue Jiao
- College of Materials Science and Opto-electronic Technology, Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hongquan Song
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, China
- College of Physics and Telecommunication Engineering, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466001, China
| | - Enyue Zhao
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Wen Yin
- Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan 523803, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoling Xiao
- College of Materials Science and Opto-electronic Technology, Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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23
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Yun S, Yu J, Lee W, Lee H, Yoon WS. Achieving structural stability and enhanced electrochemical performance through Nb-doping into Li- and Mn-rich layered cathode for lithium-ion batteries. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2023; 10:829-841. [PMID: 36597945 DOI: 10.1039/d2mh01254e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Although Li- and Mn-rich layered oxides are attractive cathode materials possessing high energy densities, they have not been commercialized owing to voltage decay, low rate capability, poor capacity retention, and high irreversible capacity in the first cycle. To circumvent these issues, we propose a Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.53Nb0.01O2 (Nb-LNCM) cathode material, wherein Nb doping strengthens the transition metal oxide (TM-O) bond and alleviates the anisotropic lattice distortion while stabilizing the layered structure. During long-term cycling, maintaining a wider LiO6 interslab thickness in Nb-LNCM creates a favorable Li+ diffusion path, which improves the rate capability. Moreover, Nb doping can decrease oxygen loss, suppress the phase transition from layered to spinel and rock-salt structures, and relieve structural degradation. Nb doping results in less capacity contributions of Mn and Co and more reversible Ni and O redox reactions compared to pristine Li1.2Ni0.133Co0.133Mn0.533O2 (LNCM), which significantly mitigates the voltage decay (Δ0.289 and Δ0.516 V for Nb-LNCM and LNCM, respectively) and ensures stable capacity retention (82.7 and 70.3% for Nb-LNCM and LNCM, respectively) during the initial 100 cycles. Our study demonstrates that Nb doping is an effective and practical strategy to enhance the structural and electrochemical integrity of Li- and Mn-rich layered oxides. This promotes the development of stable cathode materials for high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soyeong Yun
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Junwoo Yu
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Wontae Lee
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hayeon Lee
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Won-Sub Yoon
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
- SKKU Institute of Energy Science and Technology (SIEST), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
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24
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Dong Y, Li J. Oxide Cathodes: Functions, Instabilities, Self Healing, and Degradation Mitigations. Chem Rev 2023; 123:811-833. [PMID: 36398933 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Recent progress in high-energy-density oxide cathodes for lithium-ion batteries has pushed the limits of lithium usage and accessible redox couples. It often invokes hybrid anion- and cation-redox (HACR), with exotic valence states such as oxidized oxygen ions under high voltages. Electrochemical cycling under such extreme conditions over an extended period can trigger various forms of chemical, electrochemical, mechanical, and microstructural degradations, which shorten the battery life and cause safety issues. Mitigation strategies require an in-depth understanding of the underlying mechanisms. Here we offer a systematic overview of the functions, instabilities, and peculiar materials behaviors of the oxide cathodes. We note unusual anion and cation mobilities caused by high-voltage charging and exotic valences. It explains the extensive lattice reconstructions at room temperature in both good (plasticity and self-healing) and bad (phase change, corrosion, and damage) senses, with intriguing electrochemomechanical coupling. The insights are critical to the understanding of the unusual self-healing phenomena in ceramics (e.g., grain boundary sliding and lattice microcrack healing) and to novel cathode designs and degradation mitigations (e.g., suppressing stress-corrosion cracking and constructing reactively wetted cathode coating). Such mixed ionic-electronic conducting, electrochemically active oxides can be thought of as almost "metalized" if at voltages far from the open-circuit voltage, thus differing significantly from the highly insulating ionic materials in electronic transport and mechanical behaviors. These characteristics should be better understood and exploited for high-performance energy storage, electrocatalysis, and other emerging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhao Dong
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China
| | - Ju Li
- Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts02139, United States
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25
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Improvement of stability and capacity of Co-free, Li-rich layered oxide Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2 cathode material through defect control. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 630:281-289. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.10.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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26
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Sun X, Song Y, Liu Q, Zhang X, An H, Sun N, Shi Y, Fu C, Huo H, Xie Y, Tong Y, Kong F, Wang J. Tailoring electronic-ionic local environment for solid-state Li-O 2 battery by engineering crystal structure. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabq6261. [PMID: 36054349 PMCID: PMC10848956 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abq6261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Solid-state Li-O2 batteries (SSLOBs) have attracted considerable attention because of their high energy density and superior safety. However, their sluggish kinetics have severely impeded their practical application. Despite efforts to design highly efficient catalysts, efficient oxygen reaction evolution at gas-solid interfaces and fast transport pathways in solid-state electrodes remain challenging. Here, we develop a dual electronic-ionic microenvironment to substantially enhance oxygen electrolysis in solid-state batteries. By designing a lithium-decorative catalyst with an engineering crystal structure, the coordinatively unsaturated sites and high concentration of defects alleviate the limitations of electronic-ionic transport in solid interfaces and create a balanced gas-solid microenvironment for solid-state oxygen electrolysis. This strategy facilitates oxygen reduction reaction, mediates the transport of reaction species, and promotes the decomposition of the discharge products, contributing to a high specific capacity with a stable cycling life. Our work provides previously unknown insight into structure-property relationships in solid-state electrolysis for SSLOBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Sun
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
- Chongqing Research Institute of HIT, Chongqing 401135, P. R. China
| | - Yajie Song
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
| | - Qingsong Liu
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
| | - Xueyan Zhang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
| | - Hanwen An
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
| | - Nan Sun
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
| | - Yifan Shi
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
| | - Chuankai Fu
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
| | - Hua Huo
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
| | - Ying Xie
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
| | - Yujin Tong
- Faculty of Physics, Duisburg-Essen University, D-47057 Duisburg, Germany
| | - Fanpeng Kong
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
| | - Jiajun Wang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
- Chongqing Research Institute of HIT, Chongqing 401135, P. R. China
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27
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Tian Y, Zhao Y, Meng F, Zhang K, Qi Y, Zeng Y, Cai C, Xiong Y, Jian Z, Sun Y, Gu L, Chen W. Boosting Li-ion storage in Li2MnO3 by unequal-valent Ti4+-substitution and interlayer Li vacancies building. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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28
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Hwang YY, Han JH, Park SH, Jung JE, Lee NK, Lee YJ. Understanding anion-redox reactions in cathode materials of lithium-ion batteries through in situcharacterization techniques: a review. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 33:182003. [PMID: 35042200 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac4c60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
As the demand for rechargeable lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with higher energy density increases, the interest in lithium-rich oxide (LRO) with extraordinarily high capacities is surging. The capacity of LRO cathodes exceeds that of conventional layered oxides. This has been attributed to the redox contribution from both cations and anions, either sequentially or simultaneously. However, LROs with notable anion redox suffer from capacity loss and voltage decay during cycling. Therefore, a fundamental understanding of their electrochemical behaviors and related structural evolution is a prerequisite for the successful development of high-capacity LRO cathodes with anion redox activity. However, there is still controversy over their electrochemical behavior and principles of operation. In addition, complicated redox mechanisms and the lack of sufficient analytical tools render the basic study difficult. In this review, we aim to introduce theoretical insights into the anion redox mechanism andin situanalytical instruments that can be used to prove the mechanism and behavior of cathodes with anion redox activity. We summarized the anion redox phenomenon, suggested mechanisms, and discussed the history of development for anion redox in cathode materials of LIBs. Finally, we review the recent progress in identification of reaction mechanisms in LROs and validation of engineering strategies to improve cathode performance based on anion redox through various analytical tools, particularly,in situcharacterization techniques. Because unexpected phenomena may occur during cycling, it is crucial to study the kinetic properties of materialsin situunder operating conditions, especially for this newly investigated anion redox phenomenon. This review provides a comprehensive perspective on the future direction of studies on materials with anion redox activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Yeong Hwang
- Department of Energy Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Han
- Department of Energy Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Sol Hui Park
- Department of Energy Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Eun Jung
- Department of Energy Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Kyeong Lee
- Department of Energy Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Jung Lee
- Department of Energy Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
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29
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Cao X, Li H, Qiao Y, Jia M, Kitaura H, Zhang J, He P, Cabana J, Zhou H. Structure design enables stable anionic and cationic redox chemistry in a T2-type Li-excess layered oxide cathode. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2022; 67:381-388. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2021.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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30
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Effects of Mg Doping at Different Positions in Li-Rich Mn-Based Cathode Material on Electrochemical Performance. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12010156. [PMID: 35010106 PMCID: PMC8746697 DOI: 10.3390/nano12010156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Li-rich Mn-based layered oxides are among the most promising cathode materials for next-generation lithium-ion batteries, yet they suffer from capacity fading and voltage decay during cycling. The electrochemical performance of the material can be improved by doping with Mg. However, the effect of Mg doping at different positions (lithium or transition metals) remains unclear. Li1.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13O2 (LR) was synthesized by coprecipitation followed by a solid-state reaction. The coprecipitation stage was used to introduce Mg in TM layers (sample LR-Mg), and the solid-state reaction (st) was used to dope Mg in Li layers (LR-Mg(st)). The presence of magnesium at different positions was confirmed by XRD, XPS, and electrochemical studies. The investigations have shown that the introduction of Mg in TM layers is preferable in terms of the electrochemical performance. The sample doped with Mg at the TM positions shows better cyclability and higher discharge capacity than the undoped sample. The poor electrochemical properties of the sample doped with Mg at Li positions are due to the kinetic hindrance of oxidation of the manganese-containing species formed after activation of the Li2MnO3 component of the composite oxide. The oxide LR-Mg(st) demonstrates the lowest lithium-ion diffusion coefficient and the greatest polarization resistance compared to LR and LR-Mg.
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31
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Ma X, Wang M, Qian Y, Feng D, Zhang G, Xu D, Kang Y, Liu Z, Hu S, Zheng J, Wang J, Wang C, Deng Y. Poly (methyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic anhydride) as an ecofriendly electrolyte additive for high-voltage lithium-rich oxides with improved stability of interphase. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.139467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Fan E, Lin J, Zhang X, Chen R, Wu F, Li L. Resolving the Structural Defects of Spent Li 1- x CoO 2 Particles to Directly Reconstruct High Voltage Performance Cathode for Lithium-Ion Batteries. SMALL METHODS 2021; 5:e2100672. [PMID: 34927937 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202100672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Effective and scalable recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries is an urgent need to address the environmental pollution and resource consumption caused by improper disposal. Herein, a practical solution is presented to recover and increase the stability of the layered structure from scrap Li1- x CoO2 via high-temperature supplementation of Li and Mg doping, without an extra synthesis step or cost. All the regenerated products exhibit better electrochemical performance compared with the commercial cathode material. Within the voltage window of 3.0-4.6 V, 5% Mg-recovery LiCoO2 (LMCO) exhibits a high discharge capacity of 202.9 mA h g-1 at 0.2 C, and 3% Mg-recovery LiCoO2 shows enhanced capacity retention of 99.5% at 0.2 C after 50 cycles and maintains 96.8% at 1 C after 100 cycles. This is because high-temperature supplementing metal ions is beneficial for eliminating the cracks and nano-impurity particles on the surface of spent materials, thereby restoring the layered structure and electrochemical performance. The excellent electrochemical performances of Mg-recovery LiCoO2 are attributed to Mg ions doping, which can inhibit the release of lattice oxygen and stabilize the surface structure. This process maximizes the utilization of the spent materials and provides a novel perspective for the non-constructive recovery of spent materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ersha Fan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
- Advanced Technology Research Institute, Beijing Institute of Technology, Jinan, 250300, China
| | - Jiao Lin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Renjie Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
- Advanced Technology Research Institute, Beijing Institute of Technology, Jinan, 250300, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Electric Vehicles in Beijing, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Feng Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
- Advanced Technology Research Institute, Beijing Institute of Technology, Jinan, 250300, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Electric Vehicles in Beijing, Beijing, 100081, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Battery Safety, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Testing, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511447, China
| | - Li Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
- Advanced Technology Research Institute, Beijing Institute of Technology, Jinan, 250300, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Electric Vehicles in Beijing, Beijing, 100081, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Battery Safety, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Testing, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511447, China
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Wang L, Liu T, Dai A, De Andrade V, Ren Y, Xu W, Lee S, Zhang Q, Gu L, Wang S, Wu T, Jin H, Lu J. Reaction inhomogeneity coupling with metal rearrangement triggers electrochemical degradation in lithium-rich layered cathode. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5370. [PMID: 34508097 PMCID: PMC8433364 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25686-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
High-energy density lithium-rich layered oxides are among the most promising candidates for next-generation energy storage. Unfortunately, these materials suffer from severe electrochemical degradation that includes capacity loss and voltage decay during long-term cycling. Present research efforts are primarily focused on understanding voltage decay phenomena while origins for capacity degradation have been largely ignored. Here, we thoroughly investigate causes for electrochemical performance decline with an emphasis on capacity loss in the lithium-rich layered oxides, as well as reaction pathways and kinetics. Advanced synchrotron-based X-ray two-dimensional and three-dimensional imaging techniques are combined with spectroscopic and scattering techniques to spatially visualize the reactivity at multiple length-scales on lithium- and manganese-rich layered oxides. These methods provide direct evidence for inhomogeneous manganese reactivity and ionic nickel rearrangement. Coupling deactivated manganese with nickel migration provides sluggish reaction kinetics and induces serious structural instability in the material. Our findings provide new insights and further understanding of electrochemical degradation, which serve to facilitate cathode material design improvements. Electrochemical degradation is the most critical challenge for Li-rich materials. Here, the authors reveal that manganese related phase reaction inhomogeneity coupling with transition metal rearrangement triggers electrochemical degradation in lithium-rich layered cathode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liguang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials of Zhejiang Province, Institute of New Materials and Industrial Technologies, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada
| | - Tongchao Liu
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - Alvin Dai
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - Vincent De Andrade
- X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Sources, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - Yang Ren
- X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Sources, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - Wenqian Xu
- X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Sources, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - Sungsik Lee
- X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Sources, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Gu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
| | - Shun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials of Zhejiang Province, Institute of New Materials and Industrial Technologies, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tianpin Wu
- X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Sources, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA.
| | - Huile Jin
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials of Zhejiang Province, Institute of New Materials and Industrial Technologies, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jun Lu
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA.
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Zhang J, Zhang Q, Wong D, Zhang N, Ren G, Gu L, Schulz C, He L, Yu Y, Liu X. Addressing voltage decay in Li-rich cathodes by broadening the gap between metallic and anionic bands. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3071. [PMID: 34031408 PMCID: PMC8144552 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23365-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxygen release and irreversible cation migration are the main causes of voltage fade in Li-rich transition metal oxide cathode. But their correlation is not very clear and voltage decay is still a bottleneck. Herein, we modulate the oxygen anionic redox chemistry by constructing Li2ZrO3 slabs into Li2MnO3 domain in Li1.21Ni0.28Mn0.51O2, which induces the lattice strain, tunes the chemical environment for redox-active oxygen and enlarges the gap between metallic and anionic bands. This modulation expands the region in which lattice oxygen contributes capacity by oxidation to oxygen holes and relieves the charge transfer from anionic band to antibonding metal-oxygen band under a deep delithiation. This restrains cation reduction, metal-oxygen bond fracture, and the formation of localized O2 molecule, which fundamentally inhibits lattice oxygen escape and cation migration. The modulated cathode demonstrates a low voltage decay rate (0.45 millivolt per cycle) and a long cyclic stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jicheng Zhang
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Deniz Wong
- Department of Dynamics and Transport in Quantum Materials, Helmholtz-Center Berlin for Materials and Energy, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nian Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Guoxi Ren
- Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Lin Gu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Christian Schulz
- Department of Dynamics and Transport in Quantum Materials, Helmholtz-Center Berlin for Materials and Energy, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lunhua He
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, P. R. China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, P. R. China
- Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan, P. R. China
| | - Yang Yu
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xiangfeng Liu
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China.
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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