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Kono Y, Shimi T. Crosstalk between mitotic reassembly and repair of the nuclear envelope. Nucleus 2024; 15:2352203. [PMID: 38780365 PMCID: PMC11123513 DOI: 10.1080/19491034.2024.2352203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
In eukaryotic cells, the nuclear envelope (NE) is a membrane partition between the nucleus and the cytoplasm to compartmentalize nuclear contents. It plays an important role in facilitating nuclear functions including transcription, DNA replication and repair. In mammalian cells, the NE breaks down and then reforms during cell division, and in interphase it is restored shortly after the NE rupture induced by mechanical force. In this way, the partitioning effect is regulated through dynamic processes throughout the cell cycle. A failure in rebuilding the NE structure triggers the mixing of nuclear and cytoplasmic contents, leading to catastrophic consequences for the nuclear functions. Whereas the precise details of molecular mechanisms for NE reformation during cell division and NE restoration in interphase are still being investigated, here, we mostly focus on mammalian cells to describe key aspects that have been identified and to discuss the crosstalk between them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Kono
- Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
- Cell Biology Center, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takeshi Shimi
- Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
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2
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Bastianello G, Kidiyoor GR, Lowndes C, Li Q, Bonnal R, Godwin J, Iannelli F, Drufuca L, Bason R, Orsenigo F, Parazzoli D, Pavani M, Cancila V, Piccolo S, Scita G, Ciliberto A, Tripodo C, Pagani M, Foiani M. Mechanical stress during confined migration causes aberrant mitoses and c-MYC amplification. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2404551121. [PMID: 38990945 PMCID: PMC11260125 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2404551121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Confined cell migration hampers genome integrity and activates the ATR and ATM mechano-transduction pathways. We investigated whether the mechanical stress generated by metastatic interstitial migration contributes to the enhanced chromosomal instability observed in metastatic tumor cells. We employed live cell imaging, micro-fluidic approaches, and scRNA-seq to follow the fate of tumor cells experiencing confined migration. We found that, despite functional ATR, ATM, and spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) pathways, tumor cells dividing across constriction frequently exhibited altered spindle pole organization, chromosome mis-segregations, micronuclei formation, chromosome fragility, high gene copy number variation, and transcriptional de-regulation and up-regulation of c-MYC oncogenic transcriptional signature via c-MYC locus amplifications. In vivo tumor settings showed that malignant cells populating metastatic foci or infiltrating the interstitial stroma gave rise to cells expressing high levels of c-MYC. Altogether, our data suggest that mechanical stress during metastatic migration contributes to override the checkpoint controls and boosts genotoxic and oncogenic events. Our findings may explain why cancer aneuploidy often does not correlate with mutations in SAC genes and why c-MYC amplification is strongly linked to metastatic tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Bastianello
- Istituto Fondazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro di Oncologia molecolare—the Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milano20139, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan20122, Italy
| | - Gururaj Rao Kidiyoor
- Istituto Fondazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro di Oncologia molecolare—the Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milano20139, Italy
| | - Conor Lowndes
- Istituto Fondazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro di Oncologia molecolare—the Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milano20139, Italy
| | - Qingsen Li
- Istituto Fondazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro di Oncologia molecolare—the Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milano20139, Italy
| | - Raoul Bonnal
- Istituto Fondazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro di Oncologia molecolare—the Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milano20139, Italy
| | - Jeffrey Godwin
- Istituto Fondazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro di Oncologia molecolare—the Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milano20139, Italy
| | - Fabio Iannelli
- Istituto Fondazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro di Oncologia molecolare—the Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milano20139, Italy
| | | | - Ramona Bason
- Istituto Fondazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro di Oncologia molecolare—the Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milano20139, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Orsenigo
- Istituto Fondazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro di Oncologia molecolare—the Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milano20139, Italy
| | - Dario Parazzoli
- Istituto Fondazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro di Oncologia molecolare—the Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milano20139, Italy
| | - Mattia Pavani
- Istituto Fondazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro di Oncologia molecolare—the Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milano20139, Italy
| | - Valeria Cancila
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Department of Health Science, University of Palermo School of Medicine, Palermo90133, Italy
| | - Stefano Piccolo
- Istituto Fondazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro di Oncologia molecolare—the Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milano20139, Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padua35123, Italy
| | - Giorgio Scita
- Istituto Fondazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro di Oncologia molecolare—the Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milano20139, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan20122, Italy
| | - Andrea Ciliberto
- Istituto Fondazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro di Oncologia molecolare—the Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milano20139, Italy
| | - Claudio Tripodo
- Istituto Fondazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro di Oncologia molecolare—the Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milano20139, Italy
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Department of Health Science, University of Palermo School of Medicine, Palermo90133, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Pagani
- Istituto Fondazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro di Oncologia molecolare—the Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milano20139, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan20122, Italy
| | - Marco Foiani
- Istituto Fondazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro di Oncologia molecolare—the Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milano20139, Italy
- Istituto di Genetica Molecolare, Centro Nazionale Ricerca, Pavia27100, Italy
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore117599, Singapore
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3
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Zhuang Y, Guo X, Razorenova OV, Miles CE, Zhao W, Shi X. Coaching ribosome biogenesis from the nuclear periphery. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.21.597078. [PMID: 38948754 PMCID: PMC11212990 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.21.597078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Severe invagination of the nuclear envelope is a hallmark of cancers, aging, neurodegeneration, and infections. However, the outcomes of nuclear invagination remain unclear. This work identified a new function of nuclear invagination: regulating ribosome biogenesis. With expansion microscopy, we observed frequent physical contact between nuclear invaginations and nucleoli. Surprisingly, the higher the invagination curvature, the more ribosomal RNA and pre-ribosomes are made in the contacted nucleolus. By growing cells on nanopillars that generate nuclear invaginations with desired curvatures, we can increase and decrease ribosome biogenesis. Based on this causation, we repressed the ribosome levels in breast cancer and progeria cells by growing cells on low-curvature nanopillars, indicating that overactivated ribosome biogenesis can be rescued by reshaping nuclei. Mechanistically, high-curvature nuclear invaginations reduce heterochromatin and enrich nuclear pore complexes, which promote ribosome biogenesis. We anticipate that our findings will serve as a foundation for further studies on nuclear deformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinyin Zhuang
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine; Irvine, CA 92697, United States
| | - Xiangfu Guo
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University; Singapore 637459, Singapore
| | - Olga V. Razorenova
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine; Irvine, CA 92697, United States
| | - Christopher E. Miles
- Department of Mathematics, University of California, Irvine; Irvine, CA 92697, United States
| | - Wenting Zhao
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University; Singapore 637459, Singapore
| | - Xiaoyu Shi
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine; Irvine, CA 92697, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine; Irvine, CA 92697, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine; Irvine, CA 92697, United States
- Lead contact
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Eskndir N, Hossain M, Currey ML, Pho M, Berrada Y, Stephens AD. DNA damage causes ATM-dependent heterochromatin loss leading to nuclear softening, blebbing, and rupture. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.24.595790. [PMID: 38853925 PMCID: PMC11160674 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.24.595790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
The nucleus must maintain stiffness to protect the shape and integrity of the nucleus to ensure proper function. Defects in nuclear stiffness caused from chromatin and lamin perturbations produce abnormal nuclear shapes common in aging, heart disease, and cancer. Loss of nuclear shape via protrusions called blebs leads to nuclear rupture that is well-established to cause nuclear dysfunction, including DNA damage. However, it remains unknown how increased DNA damage affects nuclear stiffness, shape, and ruptures, which could create a negative feedback loop. To determine if increased DNA damage alters nuclear physical properties, we treated MEF cells with DNA damage drugs cisplatin and bleomycin. DNA damage drugs caused increased nuclear blebbing and rupture in interphase nuclei within a few hours and independent of mitosis. Micromanipulation force measurements reveal that DNA damage decreased chromatin-based nuclear mechanics but did not change lamin-based strain stiffening at long extensions relative to wild type. Immunofluorescence measurements of DNA damage treatments reveal the mechanism is an ATM-dependent decrease in heterochromatin leading to nuclear weaken, blebbing, and rupture which can be rescued upon ATM inhibition treatment. Thus, DNA damage drugs cause ATM-dependent heterochromatin loss resulting in nuclear softening, blebbing, and rupture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nebiyat Eskndir
- Biology Department, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA
| | - Manseeb Hossain
- Biology Department, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA
| | - Marilena L Currey
- Biology Department, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA
| | - Mai Pho
- Biology Department, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA
| | - Yasmin Berrada
- Biology Department, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA
| | - Andrew D Stephens
- Biology Department, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA
- Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
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5
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Dupouy G, Dong Y, Herzog E, Chabouté ME, Berr A. Nuclear envelope dynamics in connection to chromatin remodeling. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 118:963-981. [PMID: 37067011 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The nucleus is a central organelle of eukaryotic cells undergoing dynamic structural changes during cellular fundamental processes such as proliferation and differentiation. These changes rely on the integration of developmental and stress signals at the nuclear envelope (NE), orchestrating responses at the nucleo-cytoplasmic interface for efficient genomic functions such as DNA transcription, replication and repair. While in animals, correlation has already been established between NE dynamics and chromatin remodeling using last-generation tools and cutting-edge technologies, this topic is just emerging in plants, especially in response to mechanical cues. This review summarizes recent data obtained in this field with more emphasis on the mechanical stress response. It also highlights similarities/differences between animal and plant cells at multiples scales, from the structural organization of the nucleo-cytoplasmic continuum to the functional impacts of NE dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilles Dupouy
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes du CNRS- Université de Strasbourg, 12 rue du Général Zimmer,, F-67084, Strasbourg, France
| | - Yihan Dong
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes du CNRS- Université de Strasbourg, 12 rue du Général Zimmer,, F-67084, Strasbourg, France
| | - Etienne Herzog
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes du CNRS- Université de Strasbourg, 12 rue du Général Zimmer,, F-67084, Strasbourg, France
| | - Marie-Edith Chabouté
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes du CNRS- Université de Strasbourg, 12 rue du Général Zimmer,, F-67084, Strasbourg, France
| | - Alexandre Berr
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes du CNRS- Université de Strasbourg, 12 rue du Général Zimmer,, F-67084, Strasbourg, France
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6
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Wang Y, Wang R, Zhao Y, Cao S, Li C, Wu Y, Ma L, Liu Y, Yao Y, Jiao Y, Chen Y, Liu S, Zhang K, Wei M, Yang C, Yang G. Discovery of Selective and Potent ATR Degrader for Exploration its Kinase-Independent Functions in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202318568. [PMID: 38433368 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202318568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
ATR has emerged as a promising target for anti-cancer drug development. Several potent ATR inhibitors are currently undergoing various stages of clinical trials, but none have yet received FDA approval due to unclear regulatory mechanisms. In this study, we discovered a potent and selective ATR degrader. Its kinase-independent regulatory functions in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells were elucidated using this proteolysis-targeting chimera (PROTAC) molecule as a probe. The ATR degrader, 8 i, exhibited significantly different cellular phenotypes compared to the ATR kinase inhibitor 1. Mechanistic studies revealed that ATR deletion led to breakdown in the nuclear envelope, causing genome instability and extensive DNA damage. This would increase the expression of p53 and triggered immediately p53-mediated apoptosis signaling pathway, which was earlier and more effective than ATR kinase inhibition. Based on these findings, the in vivo anti-proliferative effects of ATR degrader 8 i were assessed using xenograft models. The degrader significantly inhibited the growth of AML cells in vivo, unlike the ATR inhibitor. These results suggest that the marked anti-AML activity is regulated by the kinase-independent functions of the ATR protein. Consequently, developing potent and selective ATR degraders could be a promising strategy for treating AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubo Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Ruonan Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Yanli Zhao
- The State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Sheng Cao
- The State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
- College of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Zaozhuang University, Zaozhuang, 277160, China
| | - Chen Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Yanjie Wu
- The State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Lan Ma
- The State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Ying Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Yuhong Yao
- The State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Yue Jiao
- The State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Yukun Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Shuangwei Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Kun Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Mingming Wei
- The State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Yang
- The State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Guang Yang
- The State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
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7
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Derby SJ, Dutton L, Strathdee KE, Stevenson K, Koessinger A, Jackson M, Tian Y, Yu W, Mclay K, Misquitta J, Alsharif S, Clarke CJ, Gilmour L, Thomason P, McGhee E, McGarrity-Cottrell CL, Vanderlinden A, Collis SJ, Rominyi O, Lemgruber L, Solecki G, Olson M, Winkler F, Carlin LM, Heiland DH, Inman GJ, Chalmers AJ, Norman JC, Carruthers R, Birch JL. Inhibition of ATR opposes glioblastoma invasion through disruption of cytoskeletal networks and integrin internalization via macropinocytosis. Neuro Oncol 2024; 26:625-639. [PMID: 37936324 PMCID: PMC10995506 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noad210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastomas have highly infiltrative growth patterns that contribute to recurrence and poor survival. Despite infiltration being a critical therapeutic target, no clinically useful therapies exist that counter glioblastoma invasion. Here, we report that inhibition of ataxia telangiectasia and Rad 3 related kinase (ATR) reduces invasion of glioblastoma cells through dysregulation of cytoskeletal networks and subsequent integrin trafficking. METHODS Glioblastoma motility and invasion were assessed in vitro and in vivo in response to ATR inhibition (ATRi) and ATR overexpression using time-lapse microscopy, two orthotopic glioblastoma models, and intravital imaging. Disruption to cytoskeleton networks and endocytic processing were investigated via high-throughput, super-resolution and intravital imaging. RESULTS High ATR expression was associated with significantly poorer survival in clinical datasets while histological, protein expression, and spatial transcriptomics using glioblastoma tumor specimens revealed higher ATR expression at infiltrative margins. Pharmacological inhibition with two different compounds and RNAi targeting of ATR opposed the invasion of glioblastoma, whereas overexpression of ATR drove migration. Subsequent investigation revealed that cytoskeletal dysregulation reduced macropinocytotic internalization of integrins at growth-cone-like structures, resulting in a tumor microtube retraction defect. The biological relevance and translational potential of these findings were confirmed using two orthotopic in vivo models of glioblastoma and intravital imaging. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate a novel role for ATR in determining invasion in glioblastoma cells and propose that pharmacological targeting of ATR could have far-reaching clinical benefits beyond radiosensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J Derby
- Wolfson Wohl Translational Cancer Research Centre, School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Louise Dutton
- Wolfson Wohl Translational Cancer Research Centre, School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Karen E Strathdee
- Wolfson Wohl Translational Cancer Research Centre, School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Katrina Stevenson
- Wolfson Wohl Translational Cancer Research Centre, School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Anna Koessinger
- Wolfson Wohl Translational Cancer Research Centre, School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- CRUK Scotland Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - Mark Jackson
- Wolfson Wohl Translational Cancer Research Centre, School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Yuling Tian
- Wolfson Wohl Translational Cancer Research Centre, School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Wenxi Yu
- Wolfson Wohl Translational Cancer Research Centre, School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Kathy Mclay
- Wolfson Wohl Translational Cancer Research Centre, School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Josette Misquitta
- Wolfson Wohl Translational Cancer Research Centre, School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Sama Alsharif
- Wolfson Wohl Translational Cancer Research Centre, School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Lesley Gilmour
- Wolfson Wohl Translational Cancer Research Centre, School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | | | | | | | - Aurelie Vanderlinden
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield, UK
| | - Spencer J Collis
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield, UK
| | - Ola Rominyi
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield, UK
| | - Leandro Lemgruber
- Cellular Analysis Facility, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Gergely Solecki
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Olson
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryeson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Frank Winkler
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Leo M Carlin
- Wolfson Wohl Translational Cancer Research Centre, School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- CRUK Scotland Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Gareth J Inman
- Wolfson Wohl Translational Cancer Research Centre, School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- CRUK Scotland Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - Anthony J Chalmers
- Wolfson Wohl Translational Cancer Research Centre, School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Jim C Norman
- Wolfson Wohl Translational Cancer Research Centre, School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- CRUK Scotland Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - Ross Carruthers
- Wolfson Wohl Translational Cancer Research Centre, School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Joanna L Birch
- Wolfson Wohl Translational Cancer Research Centre, School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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8
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Ngoi NYL, Pilié PG, McGrail DJ, Zimmermann M, Schlacher K, Yap TA. Targeting ATR in patients with cancer. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2024; 21:278-293. [PMID: 38378898 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-024-00863-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Pharmacological inhibition of the ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related protein serine/threonine kinase (ATR; also known as FRAP-related protein (FRP1)) has emerged as a promising strategy for cancer treatment that exploits synthetic lethal interactions with proteins involved in DNA damage repair, overcomes resistance to other therapies and enhances antitumour immunity. Multiple novel, potent ATR inhibitors are being tested in clinical trials using biomarker-directed approaches and involving patients across a broad range of solid cancer types; some of these inhibitors have now entered phase III trials. Further insight into the complex interactions of ATR with other DNA replication stress response pathway components and with the immune system is necessary in order to optimally harness the potential of ATR inhibitors in the clinic and achieve hypomorphic targeting of the various ATR functions. Furthermore, a deeper understanding of the diverse range of predictive biomarkers of response to ATR inhibitors and of the intraclass differences between these agents could help to refine trial design and patient selection strategies. Key challenges that remain in the clinical development of ATR inhibitors include the optimization of their therapeutic index and the development of rational combinations with these agents. In this Review, we detail the molecular mechanisms regulated by ATR and their clinical relevance, and discuss the challenges that must be addressed to extend the benefit of ATR inhibitors to a broad population of patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Y L Ngoi
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (Phase I Clinical Trials Program), Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Patrick G Pilié
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Daniel J McGrail
- Center for Immunotherapy and Precision Immuno-Oncology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Katharina Schlacher
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Timothy A Yap
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (Phase I Clinical Trials Program), Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
- Therapeutics Discovery Division, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
- Khalifa Institute for Personalized Cancer Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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9
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Cancila V, Morello G, Bertolazzi G, Chan ASY, Bastianello G, Paysan D, Jaynes PW, Schiavoni G, Mattei F, Piconese S, Revuelta MV, Noto F, De Ninno A, Cammarata I, Pagni F, Venkatachalapathy S, Sangaletti S, Di Napoli A, Vacca D, Lonardi S, Lorenzi L, Ferreri AJM, Belmonte B, Varano G, Colombo MP, Bicciato S, Inghirami G, Cerchietti L, Ponzoni M, Zappasodi R, Facchetti F, Foiani M, Casola S, Jeyasekharan AD, Tripodo C. Germinal Center Dark Zone harbors ATR-dependent determinants of T-cell exclusion that are also identified in aggressive lymphoma. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4093618. [PMID: 38562878 PMCID: PMC10984086 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4093618/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The germinal center (GC) dark zone (DZ) and light zone (LZ) regions spatially separate expansion and diversification from selection of antigen-specific B-cells to ensure antibody affinity maturation and B cell memory. The DZ and LZ differ significantly in their immune composition despite the lack of a physical barrier, yet the determinants of this polarization are poorly understood. This study provides novel insights into signals controlling asymmetric T-cell distribution between DZ and LZ regions. We identify spatially-resolved DNA damage response and chromatin compaction molecular features that underlie DZ T-cell exclusion. The DZ spatial transcriptional signature linked to T-cell immune evasion clustered aggressive Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphomas (DLBCL) for differential T cell infiltration. We reveal the dependence of the DZ transcriptional core signature on the ATR kinase and dissect its role in restraining inflammatory responses contributing to establishing an immune-repulsive imprint in DLBCL. These insights may guide ATR-focused treatment strategies bolstering immunotherapy in tumors marked by DZ transcriptional and chromatin-associated features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Cancila
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Gaia Morello
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giorgio Bertolazzi
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- Department of Economics, Business, and Statistics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Allison Si-Yu Chan
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Daniel Paysan
- Laboratory for Nanoscale Biology, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Giovanna Schiavoni
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Mattei
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Piconese
- Department of Internal Clinical Sciences, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Unità di Neuroimmunologia, Rome, Italy
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria V Revuelta
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Medicine Department, Weill Cornell Medicine and NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York
| | - Francesco Noto
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Adele De Ninno
- Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies, Italian National Research Council, Rome, Italy
| | - Ilenia Cammarata
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; Neuroimmunology Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Pagni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Pathology, IRCCS Fondazione San Gerardo dei Tintori, University of Milano-Bicocca, Italy
| | | | - Sabina Sangaletti
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Arianna Di Napoli
- Pathology Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Davide Vacca
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Silvia Lonardi
- Pathology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Luisa Lorenzi
- Pathology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Andrés J M Ferreri
- Lymphoma Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Beatrice Belmonte
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Gabriele Varano
- IFOM ETS, The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Paolo Colombo
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvio Bicciato
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Giorgio Inghirami
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Department, Weill Cornell Medicine and New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York
| | - Leandro Cerchietti
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Medicine Department, Weill Cornell Medicine and NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York
| | - Maurilio Ponzoni
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Pathology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Fabio Facchetti
- Pathology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Marco Foiani
- IFOM ETS, The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Casola
- IFOM ETS, The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Anand D Jeyasekharan
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Claudio Tripodo
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- IFOM ETS, The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
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10
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Benarroch E. What Is the Role of Nuclear Envelope Proteins in Neurologic Disorders? Neurology 2024; 102:e209202. [PMID: 38330281 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000209202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
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11
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Sirakanyan SN, Dilip H, Geronikaki A, Spinelli D, Kirubakaran S, Petrou A, Hakobyan EK, Kartsev VG, Paronikyan EG, Yegoryan HA, Yermalovyan LV, Hovakimyan AA. In silico Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine Derivatives for Cancer Therapy - A Preliminary Study on the Inhibitory Potential towards ATR Kinase Domain and PIKK Family. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202302071. [PMID: 38230843 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202302071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Continuing our studies in the field of new heterocyclic compounds with biological interest, herein we report the synthesis and anticancer activity of new N- and S-substituted derivatives of tetracyclic pyrido[3',2' : 4,5]thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidines. In this regard, starting from the thieno[2,3-b]pyridine-2-carboxylates, the corresponding 8(9)-aminopyrido[3',2' : 4,5]thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-7(8)-ones, as well as chloro derivatives were obtained. Based on the latter, amino, hydrazino and S-alkyl derivatives of pyrido[3',2' : 4,5]thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidines were synthesized subsequently. The current study focuses on identifying the potential of thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine derivatives primarily towards ATR kinase inhibition, through computational predictions, followed by synthesis and cancer cell viability studies, along with an aim to develop the core as PIKK inhibitors for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samvel N Sirakanyan
- Scientific Technological Center of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry of National Academy of Science of Republic of Armenia, Institute of Fine Organic Chemistry of A.L.Mnjoyan, Ave., Azatutyan 26, Yerevan, 0014, Armenia
| | - Haritha Dilip
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj Village, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382055, India
| | - Athina Geronikaki
- School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Domenico Spinelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica G. Ciamician, Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, Via F. Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sivapriya Kirubakaran
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj Village, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382055, India
| | - Anthi Petrou
- School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Elmira K Hakobyan
- Scientific Technological Center of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry of National Academy of Science of Republic of Armenia, Institute of Fine Organic Chemistry of A.L.Mnjoyan, Ave., Azatutyan 26, Yerevan, 0014, Armenia
| | | | - Ervand G Paronikyan
- Scientific Technological Center of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry of National Academy of Science of Republic of Armenia, Institute of Fine Organic Chemistry of A.L.Mnjoyan, Ave., Azatutyan 26, Yerevan, 0014, Armenia
| | - Hasmik A Yegoryan
- Scientific Technological Center of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry of National Academy of Science of Republic of Armenia, Institute of Fine Organic Chemistry of A.L.Mnjoyan, Ave., Azatutyan 26, Yerevan, 0014, Armenia
| | - Lilit V Yermalovyan
- Scientific Technological Center of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry of National Academy of Science of Republic of Armenia, Institute of Fine Organic Chemistry of A.L.Mnjoyan, Ave., Azatutyan 26, Yerevan, 0014, Armenia
| | - Anush A Hovakimyan
- Scientific Technological Center of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry of National Academy of Science of Republic of Armenia, Institute of Fine Organic Chemistry of A.L.Mnjoyan, Ave., Azatutyan 26, Yerevan, 0014, Armenia
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12
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Maliar NL, Talbot EJ, Edwards AR, Khoronenkova SV. Microglial inflammation in genome instability: A neurodegenerative perspective. DNA Repair (Amst) 2024; 135:103634. [PMID: 38290197 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2024.103634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
The maintenance of genome stability is crucial for cell homeostasis and tissue integrity. Numerous human neuropathologies display chronic inflammation in the central nervous system, set against a backdrop of genome instability, implying a close interplay between the DNA damage and immune responses in the context of neurological disease. Dissecting the molecular mechanisms of this crosstalk is essential for holistic understanding of neuroinflammatory pathways in genome instability disorders. Non-neuronal cell types, specifically microglia, are major drivers of neuroinflammation in the central nervous system with neuro-protective and -toxic capabilities. Here, we discuss how persistent DNA damage affects microglial homeostasis, zooming in on the cytosolic DNA sensing cGAS-STING pathway and the downstream inflammatory response, which can drive neurotoxic outcomes in the context of genome instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina L Maliar
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Emily J Talbot
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Abigail R Edwards
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, UK
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13
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Zhang W, Li G, Zhou X, Liang H, Tong B, Wu D, Yang K, Song Y, Wang B, Liao Z, Ma L, Ke W, Zhang X, Lei J, Lei C, Feng X, Wang K, Zhao K, Yang C. Disassembly of the TRIM56-ATR complex promotes cytoDNA/cGAS/STING axis-dependent intervertebral disc inflammatory degeneration. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e165140. [PMID: 38488012 PMCID: PMC10940101 DOI: 10.1172/jci165140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
As the leading cause of disability worldwide, low back pain (LBP) is recognized as a pivotal socioeconomic challenge to the aging population and is largely attributed to intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD). Elastic nucleus pulposus (NP) tissue is essential for the maintenance of IVD structural and functional integrity. The accumulation of senescent NP cells with an inflammatory hypersecretory phenotype due to aging and other damaging factors is a distinctive hallmark of IVDD initiation and progression. In this study, we reveal a mechanism of IVDD progression in which aberrant genomic DNA damage promoted NP cell inflammatory senescence via activation of the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase/stimulator of IFN genes (cGAS/STING) axis but not of absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) inflammasome assembly. Ataxia-telangiectasia-mutated and Rad3-related protein (ATR) deficiency destroyed genomic integrity and led to cytosolic mislocalization of genomic DNA, which acted as a powerful driver of cGAS/STING axis-dependent inflammatory phenotype acquisition during NP cell senescence. Mechanistically, disassembly of the ATR-tripartite motif-containing 56 (ATR-TRIM56) complex with the enzymatic liberation of ubiquitin-specific peptidase 5 (USP5) and TRIM25 drove changes in ATR ubiquitination, with ATR switching from K63- to K48-linked modification, c thereby promoting ubiquitin-proteasome-dependent dynamic instability of ATR protein during NP cell senescence progression. Importantly, an engineered extracellular vesicle-based strategy for delivering ATR-overexpressing plasmid cargo efficiently diminished DNA damage-associated NP cell senescence and substantially mitigated IVDD progression, indicating promising targets and effective approaches to ameliorate the chronic pain and disabling effects of IVDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifeng Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Gaocai Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xingyu Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huaizhen Liang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bide Tong
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kevin Yang
- Wuhan Britain-China School, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Song
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bingjin Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhiwei Liao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liang Ma
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wencan Ke
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoguang Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Lei
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunchi Lei
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaobo Feng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kangcheng Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Cao Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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14
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Bastianello G, Porcella G, Beznoussenko GV, Kidiyoor G, Ascione F, Li Q, Cattaneo A, Matafora V, Disanza A, Quarto M, Mironov AA, Oldani A, Barozzi S, Bachi A, Costanzo V, Scita G, Foiani M. Cell stretching activates an ATM mechano-transduction pathway that remodels cytoskeleton and chromatin. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113555. [PMID: 38088930 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) and ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related (ATR) DNA damage response (DDR) kinases contain elastic domains. ATM also responds to reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ATR to nuclear mechanical stress. Mre11 mediates ATM activation following DNA damage; ATM mutations cause ataxia telangiectasia (A-T). Here, using in vivo imaging, electron microscopy, proteomic, and mechano-biology approaches, we study how ATM responds to mechanical stress. We report that cytoskeleton and ROS, but not Mre11, mediate ATM activation following cell deformation. ATM deficiency causes hyper-stiffness, stress fiber accumulation, Yes-associated protein (YAP) nuclear enrichment, plasma and nuclear membrane alterations during interstitial migration, and H3 hyper-methylation. ATM locates to the actin cytoskeleton and, following cytoskeleton stress, promotes phosphorylation of key cytoskeleton and chromatin regulators. Our data contribute to explain some clinical features of patients with A-T and pinpoint the existence of an integrated mechano-response in which ATM and ATR have distinct roles unrelated to their canonical DDR functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Bastianello
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, 20139 Milan, Italy; Oncology and Haemato-Oncology Department, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy.
| | | | | | - Gururaj Kidiyoor
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Flora Ascione
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Qingsen Li
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Andrea Disanza
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Micaela Quarto
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Amanda Oldani
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Barozzi
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Angela Bachi
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Costanzo
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, 20139 Milan, Italy; Oncology and Haemato-Oncology Department, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgio Scita
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, 20139 Milan, Italy; Oncology and Haemato-Oncology Department, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Foiani
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, 20139 Milan, Italy; Oncology and Haemato-Oncology Department, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy.
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15
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Schnoell J, Sparr C, Al-Gboore S, Haas M, Brkic FF, Kadletz-Wanke L, Heiduschka G, Jank BJ. The ATR inhibitor berzosertib acts as a radio- and chemosensitizer in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cell lines. Invest New Drugs 2023; 41:842-850. [PMID: 37934325 PMCID: PMC10663216 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-023-01408-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Alterations in the DNA damage response play a crucial role in radio- and chemoresistance of neoplastic cells. Activation of the Ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related (ATR) pathway is an important DNA damage response mechanism in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Berzosertib, a selective ATR inhibitor, shows promising radio- and chemosensitizing effects in preclinical studies and is well tolerated in clinical studies. The aim of this study was to elucidate the effect of berzosertib treatment in combination with radiation and cisplatin in HNSCC. The HNSCC cell lines Cal-27 and FaDu were treated with berzosertib alone and in combination with radiation or cisplatin. Cell viability and clonogenic survival were evaluated. The effect of combination treatment was evaluated with the SynergyFinder or combination index. Apoptosis was assessed via measurement of caspase 3/7 activation and migration was evaluated using a wound healing assay. Berzosertib treatment decreased cell viability in a dose-dependent manner and increased apoptosis. The IC50 of berzosertib treatment after 72 h was 0.25-0.29 µM. Combination with irradiation treatment led to a synergistic increase in radiosensitivity and a synergistic or additive decrease in colony formation. The combination of berzosertib and cisplatin decreased cell viability in a synergistic manner. Additionally, berzosertib inhibited migration at high doses. Berzosertib displays a cytotoxic effect in HNSCC at clinically relevant doses. Further evaluation of combination treatment with irradiation and cisplatin is strongly recommended in HNSCC patients as it may hold the potential to overcome treatment resistance, reduce treatment doses and thus mitigate adverse events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Schnoell
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Carmen Sparr
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sega Al-Gboore
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Haas
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Faris F Brkic
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lorenz Kadletz-Wanke
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gregor Heiduschka
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Bernhard J Jank
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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16
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Schuhwerk H, Brabletz T. Mutual regulation of TGFβ-induced oncogenic EMT, cell cycle progression and the DDR. Semin Cancer Biol 2023; 97:86-103. [PMID: 38029866 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2023.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
TGFβ signaling and the DNA damage response (DDR) are two cellular toolboxes with a strong impact on cancer biology. While TGFβ as a pleiotropic cytokine affects essentially all hallmarks of cancer, the multifunctional DDR mostly orchestrates cell cycle progression, DNA repair, chromatin remodeling and cell death. One oncogenic effect of TGFβ is the partial activation of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), conferring invasiveness, cellular plasticity and resistance to various noxae. Several reports show that both individual networks as well as their interface affect chemo-/radiotherapies. However, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly resolved. EMT often correlates with TGFβ-induced slowing of proliferation, yet numerous studies demonstrate that particularly the co-activated EMT transcription factors counteract anti-proliferative signaling in a partially non-redundant manner. Collectively, evidence piled up over decades underscore a multifaceted, reciprocal inter-connection of TGFβ signaling / EMT with the DDR / cell cycle progression, which we will discuss here. Altogether, we conclude that full cell cycle arrest is barely compatible with the propagation of oncogenic EMT traits and further propose that 'EMT-linked DDR plasticity' is a crucial, yet intricate facet of malignancy, decisively affecting metastasis formation and therapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harald Schuhwerk
- Department of Experimental Medicine 1, Nikolaus-Fiebiger Center for Molecular Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Thomas Brabletz
- Department of Experimental Medicine 1, Nikolaus-Fiebiger Center for Molecular Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany; Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
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17
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Jebane C, Varlet AA, Karnat M, Hernandez- Cedillo LM, Lecchi A, Bedu F, Desgrouas C, Vigouroux C, Vantyghem MC, Viallat A, Rupprecht JF, Helfer E, Badens C. Enhanced cell viscosity: A new phenotype associated with lamin A/C alterations. iScience 2023; 26:107714. [PMID: 37701573 PMCID: PMC10494210 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Lamin A/C is a well-established key contributor to nuclear stiffness and its role in nucleus mechanical properties has been extensively studied. However, its impact on whole-cell mechanics has been poorly addressed, particularly concerning measurable physical parameters. In this study, we combined microfluidic experiments with theoretical analyses to quantitatively estimate the whole-cell mechanical properties. This allowed us to characterize the mechanical changes induced in cells by lamin A/C alterations and prelamin A accumulation resulting from atazanavir treatment or lipodystrophy-associated LMNA R482W pathogenic variant. Our results reveal a distinctive increase in long-time viscosity as a signature of cells affected by lamin A/C alterations. Furthermore, they show that the whole-cell response to mechanical stress is driven not only by the nucleus but also by the nucleo-cytoskeleton links and the microtubule network. The enhanced cell viscosity assessed with our microfluidic assay could serve as a valuable diagnosis marker for lamin-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Jebane
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, CINAM, Turing Centre for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | | | - Marc Karnat
- Aix Marseille Univ, Université de Toulon, CNRS, CPT, Turing Centre for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Corinne Vigouroux
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Saint-Antoine Hospital, National Reference Centre for Rares diseases of Insulin-Secretion and Insulin-Sensitivity (PRISIS), Department of Endocrinology, Paris, France
- Sorbonne University, Saint-Antoine Research Centre, Inserm UMR_S938, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Christine Vantyghem
- Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism Department, Inserm U1190, EGID, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
| | - Annie Viallat
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, CINAM, Turing Centre for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Jean-François Rupprecht
- Aix Marseille Univ, Université de Toulon, CNRS, CPT, Turing Centre for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Emmanuèle Helfer
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, CINAM, Turing Centre for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Catherine Badens
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, MMG, Marseille, France
- AP-HM, Laboratoire de Biochimie, Marseille, France
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18
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Smolka MB, Lammerding J. ATR takes a crack at the nuclear envelope. Mol Cell 2023; 83:3588-3590. [PMID: 37863026 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2023.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
In this issue, Joo et al.1 and Kovacs et al.2 report that the ATR kinase promotes nuclear envelope rupture through the phosphorylation of Lamin A/C, inducing processes such as cGAS-STING pathway activation, micronuclei clearance, and potentially cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus B Smolka
- Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
| | - Jan Lammerding
- Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
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19
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Kovacs MT, Vallette M, Wiertsema P, Dingli F, Loew D, Nader GPDF, Piel M, Ceccaldi R. DNA damage induces nuclear envelope rupture through ATR-mediated phosphorylation of lamin A/C. Mol Cell 2023; 83:3659-3668.e10. [PMID: 37832547 PMCID: PMC10597398 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2023.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
The integrity of the nuclear envelope (NE) is essential for maintaining the structural stability of the nucleus. Rupture of the NE has been frequently observed in cancer cells, especially in the context of mechanical challenges, such as physical confinement and migration. However, spontaneous NE rupture events, without any obvious physical challenges to the cell, have also been described. The molecular mechanism(s) of these spontaneous NE rupture events remain to be explored. Here, we show that DNA damage and subsequent ATR activation leads to NE rupture. Upon DNA damage, lamin A/C is phosphorylated in an ATR-dependent manner, leading to changes in lamina assembly and, ultimately, NE rupture. In addition, we show that cancer cells with intrinsic DNA repair defects undergo frequent events of DNA-damage-induced NE rupture, which renders them extremely sensitive to further NE perturbations. Exploiting this NE vulnerability could provide a new angle to complement traditional, DNA-damage-based chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marie Vallette
- Inserm U830, PSL Research University, Institut Curie, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Pauline Wiertsema
- Inserm U830, PSL Research University, Institut Curie, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Florent Dingli
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Centre de Recherche, CurieCoreTech Spectrométrie de Masse Protéomique, 26 rue d'Ulm, Paris 75248 Cedex 05, France
| | - Damarys Loew
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Centre de Recherche, CurieCoreTech Spectrométrie de Masse Protéomique, 26 rue d'Ulm, Paris 75248 Cedex 05, France
| | | | - Matthieu Piel
- Institut Curie and Institut Pierre Gilles de Gennes, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 144, Paris, France
| | - Raphael Ceccaldi
- Inserm U830, PSL Research University, Institut Curie, 75005 Paris, France.
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20
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Joo YK, Black EM, Trier I, Haakma W, Zou L, Kabeche L. ATR promotes clearance of damaged DNA and damaged cells by rupturing micronuclei. Mol Cell 2023; 83:3642-3658.e4. [PMID: 37788673 PMCID: PMC10599252 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2023.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
The human ataxia telangiectasia mutated and Rad3-related (ATR) kinase functions in the nucleus to protect genomic integrity. Micronuclei (MN) arise from genomic and chromosomal instability and cause aneuploidy and chromothripsis, but how MN are removed is poorly understood. Here, we show that ATR is active in MN and promotes their rupture in S phase by phosphorylating Lamin A/C at Ser395, which primes Ser392 for CDK1 phosphorylation and destabilizes the MN envelope. In cells harboring MN, ATR or CDK1 inhibition reduces MN rupture. Consequently, ATR inhibitor (ATRi) diminishes activation of the cytoplasmic DNA sensor cGAS and compromises cGAS-dependent autophagosome accumulation in MN and clearance of micronuclear DNA. Furthermore, ATRi reduces cGAS-mediated senescence and killing of MN-bearing cancer cells by natural killer cells. Thus, in addition to the canonical ATR signaling pathway, an ATR-CDK1-Lamin A/C axis promotes MN rupture to clear damaged DNA and cells, protecting the genome in cell populations through unexpected cell-autonomous and cell-non-autonomous mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Ki Joo
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Cancer Biology Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Black
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Cancer Biology Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Isabelle Trier
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Cancer Biology Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Wisse Haakma
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - Lee Zou
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Boston, MA 02129, USA; Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
| | - Lilian Kabeche
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Cancer Biology Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06516, USA.
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21
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Bastianello G, Foiani M. Mechanisms controlling the mechanical properties of the nuclei. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2023; 84:102222. [PMID: 37619290 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2023.102222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
The mechanical properties of the nucleus influence different cellular and nuclear functions and have relevant implications for several human diseases. The nucleus protects genetic information while acting as a mechano-sensory hub in response to internal and external forces. Cells have evolved mechano-transduction signaling to respond to physical cellular and nuclear perturbations and adopted a multitude of molecular pathways to maintain nuclear shape stability and prevent morphological abnormalities of the nucleus. Here we describe those key biological processes that control nuclear mechanics and discuss emerging perspectives on the mechanobiology of the nucleus as a diagnostic tool and clinical target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Bastianello
- IFOM, The FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan 20139, Italy; Oncology and Haemato-Oncology Department, University of Milan, Milan 20122, Italy.
| | - Marco Foiani
- IFOM, The FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan 20139, Italy; Oncology and Haemato-Oncology Department, University of Milan, Milan 20122, Italy.
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22
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Gajardo T, Bernard M, Lô M, Turck E, Leveau C, El-Daher MT, Deslys A, Panikulam P, Menche C, Kurowska M, Le Lay G, Barbier L, Moshous D, Neven B, Farin HF, Fischer A, Ménasché G, de Saint Basile G, Vargas P, Sepulveda FE. Actin dynamics regulation by TTC7A/PI4KIIIα limits DNA damage and cell death under confinement. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2023; 152:949-960. [PMID: 37390900 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2023.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The actin cytoskeleton has a crucial role in the maintenance of the immune homeostasis by controlling various cellular processes, including cell migration. Mutations in TTC7A have been described as the cause of a primary immunodeficiency associated to different degrees of gut involvement and alterations in the actin cytoskeleton dynamics. OBJECTIVES This study investigates the impact of TTC7A deficiency in immune homeostasis. In particular, the role of the TTC7A/phosphatidylinositol 4 kinase type III α pathway in the control of leukocyte migration and actin dynamics. METHODS Microfabricated devices were leveraged to study cell migration and actin dynamics of murine and patient-derived leukocytes under confinement at the single-cell level. RESULTS We show that TTC7A-deficient lymphocytes exhibit an altered cell migration and reduced capacity to deform through narrow gaps. Mechanistically, TTC7A-deficient phenotype resulted from impaired phosphoinositide signaling, leading to the downregulation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/AKT/RHOA regulatory axis and imbalanced actin cytoskeleton dynamics. TTC7A-associated phenotype resulted in impaired cell motility, accumulation of DNA damage, and increased cell death in dense 3-dimensional gels in the presence of chemokines. CONCLUSIONS These results highlight a novel role of TTC7A as a critical regulator of lymphocyte migration. Impairment of this cellular function is likely to contribute to the pathophysiology underlying progressive immunodeficiency in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Gajardo
- Molecular Basis of Altered Immune Homeostasis Laboratory, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unite Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1163, Paris, France; Imagine Institute, Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Mathilde Bernard
- UMR 144, Institut Curie, Paris, France; Institut Pierre-Gilles de Gennes, Paris Sciences and Letters Research University, Paris, France
| | - Marie Lô
- Molecular Basis of Altered Immune Homeostasis Laboratory, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unite Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1163, Paris, France; Imagine Institute, Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Elisa Turck
- Molecular Basis of Altered Immune Homeostasis Laboratory, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unite Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1163, Paris, France; Imagine Institute, Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Claire Leveau
- Molecular Basis of Altered Immune Homeostasis Laboratory, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unite Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1163, Paris, France; Imagine Institute, Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Thérèse El-Daher
- Molecular Basis of Altered Immune Homeostasis Laboratory, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unite Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1163, Paris, France; Imagine Institute, Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Deslys
- Leukomotion Lab, Université de Paris Cité, CNRS, INSERM, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Patricia Panikulam
- Molecular Basis of Altered Immune Homeostasis Laboratory, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unite Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1163, Paris, France; Imagine Institute, Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Constantin Menche
- Georg-Speyer-Haus, Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Main, Germany; Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Mathieu Kurowska
- Molecular Basis of Altered Immune Homeostasis Laboratory, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unite Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1163, Paris, France; Imagine Institute, Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Gregoire Le Lay
- UMR 144, Institut Curie, Paris, France; Institut Pierre-Gilles de Gennes, Paris Sciences and Letters Research University, Paris, France
| | - Lucie Barbier
- UMR 144, Institut Curie, Paris, France; Institut Pierre-Gilles de Gennes, Paris Sciences and Letters Research University, Paris, France
| | - Despina Moshous
- Imagine Institute, Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France; Pediatric Immunology Hematology and Rheumatology Department, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Bénédicte Neven
- Imagine Institute, Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France; Pediatric Immunology Hematology and Rheumatology Department, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Henner F Farin
- Georg-Speyer-Haus, Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Main, Germany; Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Alain Fischer
- Imagine Institute, Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France; Pediatric Immunology Hematology and Rheumatology Department, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France; Collège de France, Paris, France
| | - Gaël Ménasché
- Molecular Basis of Altered Immune Homeostasis Laboratory, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unite Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1163, Paris, France; Imagine Institute, Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Geneviève de Saint Basile
- Molecular Basis of Altered Immune Homeostasis Laboratory, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unite Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1163, Paris, France; Imagine Institute, Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France; Centre d'Etude des Déficits Immunitaires, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Pablo Vargas
- UMR 144, Institut Curie, Paris, France; Institut Pierre-Gilles de Gennes, Paris Sciences and Letters Research University, Paris, France; Leukomotion Lab, Université de Paris Cité, CNRS, INSERM, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, F-75015 Paris, France.
| | - Fernando E Sepulveda
- Molecular Basis of Altered Immune Homeostasis Laboratory, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unite Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1163, Paris, France; Imagine Institute, Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France; CNRS, Paris, France.
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23
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Tan K, Song Y, Xu M, You Z. Clinical evidence for a role of E2F1-induced replication stress in modulating tumor mutational burden and immune microenvironment. DNA Repair (Amst) 2023; 129:103531. [PMID: 37453246 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2023.103531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
DNA replication stress (RS) is frequently induced by oncogene activation and is believed to promote tumorigenesis. However, clinical evidence for the role of oncogene-induced RS in tumorigenesis remains scarce, and the mechanisms by which RS promotes cancer development remain incompletely understood. By performing a series of bioinformatic analyses on the oncogene E2F1, other RS-inducing factors, and replication fork processing factors in TCGA cancer database using previously established tools, we show that hyperactivity of E2F1 likely promotes the expression of several of these factors in virtually all types of cancer to induce RS and cytosolic self-DNA production. In addition, the expression of these factors positively correlates with that of ATR and Chk1 that govern the cellular response to RS, the tumor mutational load, and tumor infiltration of immune-suppressive CD4+Th2 cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). Consistently, high expression of these factors is associated with poor patient survival. Our study provides new insights into the role of E2F1-induced RS in tumorigenesis and suggests therapeutic approaches for E2F1-overexpressing cancers by targeting genomic instability, cytosolic self-DNA and the tumor immune microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Tan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Yizhe Song
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Min Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Zhongsheng You
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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24
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Bâcle J, Groizard L, Kumanski S, Moriel-Carretero M. Nuclear envelope-remodeling events as models to assess the potential role of membranes on genome stability. FEBS Lett 2023; 597:1946-1956. [PMID: 37339935 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
The nuclear envelope (NE) encloses the genetic material and functions in chromatin organization and stability. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the NE is bound to the ribosomal DNA (rDNA), highly repeated and transcribed, thus prone to genetic instability. While tethering limits instability, it simultaneously triggers notable NE remodeling. We posit here that NE remodeling may contribute to genome integrity maintenance. The NE importance in genome expression, structure, and integrity is well recognized, yet studies mostly focus on peripheral proteins and nuclear pores, not on the membrane itself. We recently characterized a NE invagination drastically obliterating the rDNA, which we propose here as a model to probe if and how membranes play an active role in genome stability preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janélie Bâcle
- Centre de Recherche en Biologie cellulaire de Montpellier (CRBM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Montpellier, France
| | - Léa Groizard
- Centre de Recherche en Biologie cellulaire de Montpellier (CRBM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Montpellier, France
| | - Sylvain Kumanski
- Centre de Recherche en Biologie cellulaire de Montpellier (CRBM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Montpellier, France
| | - María Moriel-Carretero
- Centre de Recherche en Biologie cellulaire de Montpellier (CRBM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Montpellier, France
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25
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Biswas H, Makinwa Y, Zou Y. Novel Cellular Functions of ATR for Therapeutic Targeting: Embryogenesis to Tumorigenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11684. [PMID: 37511442 PMCID: PMC10380702 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The DNA damage response (DDR) is recognized as having an important role in cancer growth and treatment. ATR (ataxia telangiectasia mutated and Rad3-related) kinase, a major regulator of DDR, has shown significant therapeutic potential in cancer treatment. ATR inhibitors have shown anti-tumor effectiveness, not just as monotherapies but also in enhancing the effects of standard chemotherapy, radiation, and immunotherapy. The biological basis of ATR is examined in this review, as well as its functional significance in the development and therapy of cancer, and the justification for inhibiting this target as a therapeutic approach, including an assessment of the progress and status of previous decades' development of effective and selective ATR inhibitors. The current applications of these inhibitors in preclinical and clinical investigations as single medicines or in combination with chemotherapy, radiation, and immunotherapy are also fully reviewed. This review concludes with some insights into the many concerns highlighted or identified with ATR inhibitors in both the preclinical and clinical contexts, as well as potential remedies proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yue Zou
- Department of Cell and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; (H.B.); (Y.M.)
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26
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Introini V, Kidiyoor GR, Porcella G, Cicuta P, Cosentino Lagomarsino M. Centripetal nuclear shape fluctuations associate with chromatin condensation in early prophase. Commun Biol 2023; 6:715. [PMID: 37438411 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05074-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The nucleus plays a central role in several key cellular processes, including chromosome organisation, DNA replication and gene transcription. Recent work suggests an association between nuclear mechanics and cell-cycle progression, but many aspects of this connection remain unexplored. Here, by monitoring nuclear shape fluctuations at different cell cycle stages, we uncover increasing inward fluctuations in late G2 and in early prophase, which are initially transient, but develop into instabilities when approaching the nuclear-envelope breakdown. We demonstrate that such deformations correlate with chromatin condensation by perturbing both the chromatin and the cytoskeletal structures. We propose that the contrasting forces between an extensile stress and centripetal pulling from chromatin condensation could mechanically link chromosome condensation with nuclear-envelope breakdown, two main nuclear processes occurring during mitosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viola Introini
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J.J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus Keith Peters Building, Hills Rd, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Gururaj Rao Kidiyoor
- IFOM, FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Via Adamello 16, Milan, 20139, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Porcella
- IFOM, FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Via Adamello 16, Milan, 20139, Italy
| | - Pietro Cicuta
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J.J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Marco Cosentino Lagomarsino
- IFOM, FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Via Adamello 16, Milan, 20139, Italy.
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Milano and I.N.F.N., Via Celoria 16, Milan, 20133, Italy.
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27
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Kim CJ, Gonye AL, Truskowski K, Lee CF, Cho YK, Austin RH, Pienta KJ, Amend SR. Nuclear morphology predicts cell survival to cisplatin chemotherapy. Neoplasia 2023; 42:100906. [PMID: 37172462 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2023.100906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of chemotherapy resistance drives cancer lethality in cancer patients, with treatment initially reducing overall tumor burden followed by resistant recurrent disease. While molecular mechanisms underlying resistance phenotypes have been explored, less is known about the cell biological characteristics of cancer cells that survive to eventually seed the recurrence. To identify the unique phenotypic characteristics associated with survival upon chemotherapy exposure, we characterized nuclear morphology and function as prostate cancer cells recovered following cisplatin treatment. Cells that survived in the days and weeks after treatment and resisted therapy-induced cell death showed increasing cell size and nuclear size, enabled by continuous endocycling resulting in repeated whole genome doubling. We further found that cells that survive after therapy release were predominantly mononucleated and likely employ more efficient DNA damage repair. Finally, we show that surviving cancer cells exhibit a distinct nucleolar phenotype and increased rRNA levels. These data support a paradigm where soon after therapy release, the treated population mostly contains cells with a high level of widespread and catastrophic DNA damage that leads to apoptosis, while the minority of cells that have successful DDR are more likely to access a pro-survival state. These findings are consistent with accession of the polyaneuploid cancer cell (PACC) state, a recently described mechanism of therapy resistance and tumor recurrence. Our findings demonstrate the fate of cancer cells following cisplatin treatment and define key cell phenotypic characteristics of the PACC state. This work is essential for understanding and, ultimately, targeting cancer resistance and recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Ju Kim
- Cancer Ecology Center, The Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
| | - Anna Lk Gonye
- Cancer Ecology Center, The Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; Cellular and Molecular Medicine Graduate Program, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Kevin Truskowski
- Cancer Ecology Center, The Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; Cellular and Molecular Medicine Graduate Program, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Cheng-Fan Lee
- Cancer Ecology Center, The Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Yoon-Kyoung Cho
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Building 103, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea; Center for Soft and Living Matter, Institute for Basic Science, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Robert H Austin
- Department of Physics, Princeton University, Jadwin Hall, Washington Rd., Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Kenneth J Pienta
- Cancer Ecology Center, The Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; Cellular and Molecular Medicine Graduate Program, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Sarah R Amend
- Cancer Ecology Center, The Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; Cellular and Molecular Medicine Graduate Program, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
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28
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Rai R, Biju K, Sun W, Sodeinde T, Al-Hiyasat A, Morgan J, Ye X, Li X, Chen Y, Chang S. Homology directed telomere clustering, ultrabright telomere formation and nuclear envelope rupture in cells lacking TRF2 B and RAP1. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2144. [PMID: 37059728 PMCID: PMC10104862 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37761-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Double-strand breaks (DSBs) due to genotoxic stress represent potential threats to genome stability. Dysfunctional telomeres are recognized as DSBs and are repaired by distinct DNA repair mechanisms. RAP1 and TRF2 are telomere binding proteins essential to protect telomeres from engaging in homology directed repair (HDR), but how this occurs remains unclear. In this study, we examined how the basic domain of TRF2 (TRF2B) and RAP1 cooperate to repress HDR at telomeres. Telomeres lacking TRF2B and RAP1 cluster into structures termed ultrabright telomeres (UTs). HDR factors localize to UTs, and UT formation is abolished by RNaseH1, DDX21 and ADAR1p110, suggesting that they contain DNA-RNA hybrids. Interaction between the BRCT domain of RAP1 and KU70/KU80 is also required to repress UT formation. Expressing TRF2∆B in Rap1-/- cells resulted in aberrant lamin A localization in the nuclear envelope and dramatically increased UT formation. Expressing lamin A phosphomimetic mutants induced nuclear envelope rupturing and aberrant HDR-mediated UT formation. Our results highlight the importance of shelterin and proteins in the nuclear envelope in repressing aberrant telomere-telomere recombination to maintain telomere homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rekha Rai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, 330 Cedar Street, CT, 06520, USA.
| | - Kevin Biju
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, 330 Cedar Street, CT, 06520, USA
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Wenqi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Center for Protein Science Shanghai, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Tori Sodeinde
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, 330 Cedar Street, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Amer Al-Hiyasat
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, 330 Cedar Street, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Jaida Morgan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, 330 Cedar Street, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Xianwen Ye
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Xueqing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Center for Protein Science Shanghai, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Center for Protein Science Shanghai, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Sandy Chang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, 330 Cedar Street, CT, 06520, USA.
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, 330 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University School of Medicine, 330 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
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Qiu S, Cai Y, Yao H, Lin C, Xie Y, Tang S, Zhang A. Small molecule metabolites: discovery of biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:132. [PMID: 36941259 PMCID: PMC10026263 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01399-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 99.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic abnormalities lead to the dysfunction of metabolic pathways and metabolite accumulation or deficiency which is well-recognized hallmarks of diseases. Metabolite signatures that have close proximity to subject's phenotypic informative dimension, are useful for predicting diagnosis and prognosis of diseases as well as monitoring treatments. The lack of early biomarkers could lead to poor diagnosis and serious outcomes. Therefore, noninvasive diagnosis and monitoring methods with high specificity and selectivity are desperately needed. Small molecule metabolites-based metabolomics has become a specialized tool for metabolic biomarker and pathway analysis, for revealing possible mechanisms of human various diseases and deciphering therapeutic potentials. It could help identify functional biomarkers related to phenotypic variation and delineate biochemical pathways changes as early indicators of pathological dysfunction and damage prior to disease development. Recently, scientists have established a large number of metabolic profiles to reveal the underlying mechanisms and metabolic networks for therapeutic target exploration in biomedicine. This review summarized the metabolic analysis on the potential value of small-molecule candidate metabolites as biomarkers with clinical events, which may lead to better diagnosis, prognosis, drug screening and treatment. We also discuss challenges that need to be addressed to fuel the next wave of breakthroughs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Qiu
- International Advanced Functional Omics Platform, Scientific Experiment Center, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), College of Chinese Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Xueyuan Road 3, Haikou, 571199, China
| | - Ying Cai
- Graduate School, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Hong Yao
- First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Chunsheng Lin
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Yiqiang Xie
- International Advanced Functional Omics Platform, Scientific Experiment Center, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), College of Chinese Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Xueyuan Road 3, Haikou, 571199, China.
| | - Songqi Tang
- International Advanced Functional Omics Platform, Scientific Experiment Center, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), College of Chinese Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Xueyuan Road 3, Haikou, 571199, China.
| | - Aihua Zhang
- International Advanced Functional Omics Platform, Scientific Experiment Center, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), College of Chinese Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Xueyuan Road 3, Haikou, 571199, China.
- Graduate School, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China.
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30
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Ultrastructural Analysis of Cancer Cells Treated with the Radiopharmaceutical Radium Dichloride ([ 223Ra]RaCl 2): Understanding the Effect on Cell Structure. Cells 2023; 12:cells12030451. [PMID: 36766793 PMCID: PMC9913731 DOI: 10.3390/cells12030451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of alpha-particle (α-particle) radionuclides, especially [223Ra]RaCl2 (radium dichloride), for targeted alpha therapy is steadily increasing. Despite the positive clinical outcomes of this therapy, very little data are available about the effect on the ultrastructure of cells. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the nanomechanical and ultrastructure effect of [223Ra] RaCl2 on cancer cells. To analyze the effect of [223Ra]RaCl2 on tumor cells, human breast cancer cells (lineage MDA-MB-231) were cultured and treated with the radiopharmaceutical at doses of 2 µCi and 0.9 µCi. The effect was evaluated using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) combined with Raman spectroscopy. The results showed massive destruction of the cell membrane but preservation of the nucleus membrane. No evidence of DNA alteration was observed. The data demonstrated the formation of lysosomes and phagosomes. These findings help elucidate the main mechanism involved in cell death during α-particle therapy.
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Piccolo S, Panciera T, Contessotto P, Cordenonsi M. YAP/TAZ as master regulators in cancer: modulation, function and therapeutic approaches. NATURE CANCER 2023; 4:9-26. [PMID: 36564601 PMCID: PMC7614914 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-022-00473-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Our understanding of the function of the transcriptional regulators YAP and TAZ (YAP/TAZ) in cancer is advancing. In this Review, we provide an update on recent progress in YAP/TAZ biology, their regulation by Hippo signaling and mechanotransduction and highlight open questions. YAP/TAZ signaling is an addiction shared by multiple tumor types and their microenvironments, providing many malignant attributes. As such, it represents an important vulnerability that may offer a broad window of therapeutic efficacy, and here we give an overview of the current treatment strategies and pioneering clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Piccolo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
- IFOM-ETS, the AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy.
| | - Tito Panciera
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
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Kalukula Y, Stephens AD, Lammerding J, Gabriele S. Mechanics and functional consequences of nuclear deformations. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2022; 23:583-602. [PMID: 35513718 PMCID: PMC9902167 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-022-00480-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
As the home of cellular genetic information, the nucleus has a critical role in determining cell fate and function in response to various signals and stimuli. In addition to biochemical inputs, the nucleus is constantly exposed to intrinsic and extrinsic mechanical forces that trigger dynamic changes in nuclear structure and morphology. Emerging data suggest that the physical deformation of the nucleus modulates many cellular and nuclear functions. These functions have long been considered to be downstream of cytoplasmic signalling pathways and dictated by gene expression. In this Review, we discuss an emerging perspective on the mechanoregulation of the nucleus that considers the physical connections from chromatin to nuclear lamina and cytoskeletal filaments as a single mechanical unit. We describe key mechanisms of nuclear deformations in time and space and provide a critical review of the structural and functional adaptive responses of the nucleus to deformations. We then consider the contribution of nuclear deformations to the regulation of important cellular functions, including muscle contraction, cell migration and human disease pathogenesis. Collectively, these emerging insights shed new light on the dynamics of nuclear deformations and their roles in cellular mechanobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohalie Kalukula
- University of Mons, Soft Matter and Biomaterials group, Interfaces and Complex Fluids Laboratory, Research Institute for Biosciences, CIRMAP, Place du Parc, 20 B-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Andrew D. Stephens
- Biology Department, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Jan Lammerding
- Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA,Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Sylvain Gabriele
- University of Mons, Soft Matter and Biomaterials group, Interfaces and Complex Fluids Laboratory, Research Institute for Biosciences, CIRMAP, Place du Parc, 20 B-7000 Mons, Belgium
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Lawson CD, Peel S, Jayo A, Corrigan A, Iyer P, Baxter Dalrymple M, Marsh RJ, Cox S, Van Audenhove I, Gettemans J, Parsons M. Nuclear fascin regulates cancer cell survival. eLife 2022; 11:79283. [PMID: 36039640 PMCID: PMC9427113 DOI: 10.7554/elife.79283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fascin is an important regulator of F-actin bundling leading to enhanced filopodia assembly. Fascin is also overexpressed in most solid tumours where it supports invasion through control of F-actin structures at the periphery and nuclear envelope. Recently, fascin has been identified in the nucleus of a broad range of cell types but the contributions of nuclear fascin to cancer cell behaviour remain unknown. Here, we demonstrate that fascin bundles F-actin within the nucleus to support chromatin organisation and efficient DDR. Fascin associates directly with phosphorylated Histone H3 leading to regulated levels of nuclear fascin to support these phenotypes. Forcing nuclear fascin accumulation through the expression of nuclear-targeted fascin-specific nanobodies or inhibition of Histone H3 kinases results in enhanced and sustained nuclear F-actin bundling leading to reduced invasion, viability, and nuclear fascin-specific/driven apoptosis. These findings represent an additional important route through which fascin can support tumourigenesis and provide insight into potential pathways for targeted fascin-dependent cancer cell killing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Campbell D Lawson
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King’s College London, Guy’s Campus
| | - Samantha Peel
- Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca (United Kingdom)
| | - Asier Jayo
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King’s College London, Guy’s Campus
| | - Adam Corrigan
- Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca (United Kingdom)
| | - Preeti Iyer
- Molecular AI, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca (Sweden)
| | | | - Richard J Marsh
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King’s College London, Guy’s Campus
| | - Susan Cox
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King’s College London, Guy’s Campus
| | - Isabel Van Audenhove
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University
| | - Jan Gettemans
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University
| | - Maddy Parsons
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King’s College London, Guy’s Campus
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Sladitschek-Martens HL, Guarnieri A, Brumana G, Zanconato F, Battilana G, Xiccato RL, Panciera T, Forcato M, Bicciato S, Guzzardo V, Fassan M, Ulliana L, Gandin A, Tripodo C, Foiani M, Brusatin G, Cordenonsi M, Piccolo S. YAP/TAZ activity in stromal cells prevents ageing by controlling cGAS-STING. Nature 2022; 607:790-798. [PMID: 35768505 PMCID: PMC7613988 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04924-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ageing is intimately connected to the induction of cell senescence1,2, but why this is so remains poorly understood. A key challenge is the identification of pathways that normally suppress senescence, are lost during ageing and are functionally relevant to oppose ageing3. Here we connected the structural and functional decline of ageing tissues to attenuated function of the master effectors of cellular mechanosignalling YAP and TAZ. YAP/TAZ activity declines during physiological ageing in stromal cells, and mimicking such decline through genetic inactivation of YAP/TAZ in these cells leads to accelerated ageing. Conversely, sustaining YAP function rejuvenates old cells and opposes the emergence of ageing-related traits associated with either physiological ageing or accelerated ageing triggered by a mechano-defective extracellular matrix. Ageing traits induced by inactivation of YAP/TAZ are preceded by induction of tissue senescence. This occurs because YAP/TAZ mechanotransduction suppresses cGAS-STING signalling, to the extent that inhibition of STING prevents tissue senescence and premature ageing-related tissue degeneration after YAP/TAZ inactivation. Mechanistically, YAP/TAZ-mediated control of cGAS-STING signalling relies on the unexpected role of YAP/TAZ in preserving nuclear envelope integrity, at least in part through direct transcriptional regulation of lamin B1 and ACTR2, the latter of which is involved in building the peri-nuclear actin cap. The findings demonstrate that declining YAP/TAZ mechanotransduction drives ageing by unleashing cGAS-STING signalling, a pillar of innate immunity. Thus, sustaining YAP/TAZ mechanosignalling or inhibiting STING may represent promising approaches for limiting senescence-associated inflammation and improving healthy ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Giulia Brumana
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Giusy Battilana
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Tito Panciera
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Mattia Forcato
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Silvio Bicciato
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | | | - Matteo Fassan
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Ulliana
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Alessandro Gandin
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Claudio Tripodo
- Department of Health Sciences Unit, Human Pathology Section, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- IFOM ETS, the AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Foiani
- IFOM ETS, the AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
- University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanna Brusatin
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Stefano Piccolo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
- IFOM ETS, the AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy.
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Kang K, Zhou N, Peng W, Peng F, Ma M, Li L, Fu F, Xiang S, Zhang H, He X, Song Z. Multi-Omics Analysis of the Microbiome and Metabolome Reveals the Relationship Between the Gut Microbiota and Wooden Breast Myopathy in Broilers. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:922516. [PMID: 35812872 PMCID: PMC9260154 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.922516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Wooden breast (WB) is a widely prevalent myopathy in broiler chickens. However, the role of the gut microbiota in this myopathy remains largely unknown, in particular the regulatory effect of gut microbiota in the modulation of muscle metabolism. Totally, 300 1-day-old Arbor Acres broilers were raised until 49 days and euthanized, and the breast filets were classified as normal (NORM), mild (MILD), or severe wooden breast (SEV). Birds with WB comprised 27.02% of the individuals. Severe WB filets had a greater L* value, a* value, and dripping loss but a lower pH (P < 0.05). WB filets had abundant myofiber fragmentation, with a lower average myofiber caliber and more fibers with a diameter of <20 μm (P < 0.05). The diversity of the intestinal microflora was decreased in birds with severe WB, with decreases in Chao 1, and observed species indices. At the phylum level, birds with severe WB had a lower Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio (P = 0.098) and a decreased abundance of Verrucomicrobia (P < 0.05). At the species level, gut microbiota were positively correlated with 131 digesta metabolites in pathways of glutamine and glutamate metabolism and arginine biosynthesis but were negatively correlated with 30 metabolites in the pathway of tyrosine metabolism. In plasma, WB induced five differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs), including anserine and choline, which were related to the severity of the WB lesion. The microbial-derived metabolites, including guanidoacetic acid, antiarol, and (2E)-decenoyl-ACP, which entered into plasma were related to meat quality traits and myofiber traits. In summary, WB filets differed in gut microbiota, digesta, and plasma metabolites. Gut microbiota respond to the wooden breast myopathy by driving dynamic changes in digesta metabolites that eventually enter the plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelang Kang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Feed Safety and Efficient Use, Changsha, China
| | - Nanxuan Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Feed Safety and Efficient Use, Changsha, China
| | - Weishi Peng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Feed Safety and Efficient Use, Changsha, China
| | - Fang Peng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Feed Safety and Efficient Use, Changsha, China
| | - Mengmeng Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Feed Safety and Efficient Use, Changsha, China
| | - Liwei Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Feed Safety and Efficient Use, Changsha, China
| | - Fuyi Fu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Feed Safety and Efficient Use, Changsha, China
| | - Shuhan Xiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Feed Safety and Efficient Use, Changsha, China
| | - Haihan Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Feed Safety and Efficient Use, Changsha, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Poultry Production Safety, Changsha, China
| | - Xi He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Feed Safety and Efficient Use, Changsha, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Poultry Production Safety, Changsha, China
- Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Changsha, China
| | - Zehe Song
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Feed Safety and Efficient Use, Changsha, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Poultry Production Safety, Changsha, China
- Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Changsha, China
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36
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Shah P, McGuigan CW, Cheng S, Vanpouille-Box C, Demaria S, Weiss RS, Lammerding J. ATM Modulates Nuclear Mechanics by Regulating Lamin A Levels. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:875132. [PMID: 35721517 PMCID: PMC9198445 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.875132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) is one of the three main apical kinases at the crux of DNA damage response and repair in mammalian cells. ATM activates a cascade of downstream effector proteins to regulate DNA repair and cell cycle checkpoints in response to DNA double-strand breaks. While ATM is predominantly known for its role in DNA damage response and repair, new roles of ATM have recently begun to emerge, such as in regulating oxidative stress or metabolic pathways. Here, we report the surprising discovery that ATM inhibition and deletion lead to reduced expression of the nuclear envelope protein lamin A. Lamins are nuclear intermediate filaments that modulate nuclear shape, structure, and stiffness. Accordingly, inhibition or deletion of ATM resulted in increased nuclear deformability and enhanced cell migration through confined spaces, which requires substantial nuclear deformation. These findings point to a novel connection between ATM and lamin A and may have broad implications for cells with ATM mutations—as found in patients suffering from Ataxia Telangiectasia and many human cancers—which could lead to enhanced cell migration and increased metastatic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pragya Shah
- Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Connor W. McGuigan
- Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Svea Cheng
- Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Claire Vanpouille-Box
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, NY, United States
| | - Sandra Demaria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, NY, United States
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, NY, United States
| | - Robert S. Weiss
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Jan Lammerding
- Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
- *Correspondence: Jan Lammerding,
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37
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Ovejero S, Soulet C, Kumanski S, Moriel-Carretero M. Coordination between phospholipid pools and DNA damage sensing. Biol Cell 2022; 114:211-219. [PMID: 35524759 DOI: 10.1111/boc.202200007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Both phospholipid synthesis and the detection of DNA damage are coupled to cell cycle progression, yet whether these two aspects crosstalk to each other remains unassessed. We postulate here that shortage of phospholipids, which negatively affects proliferation, may reduce the need for checkpoint activation in response to DNA damage. By exploring the DDR activation in response to seven different genotoxins, in three distinct cell types, and manipulating phospholipid synthesis both pharmacologically and genetically, we point at the DNA damage response kinase ATR as responsible for the coordination between phospholipid levels and DNA damage sensing. Further, our analysis reveals the functional significance of this crosstalk to keep genome homeostasis. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ovejero
- Institut de Génétique Humaine (IGH), Université de Montpellier-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Montpellier, France.,Department of Biological Hematology, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, 34295, France
| | - Caroline Soulet
- Centre de Recherche en Biologie cellulaire de Montpellier (CRBM), Université de Montpellier-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Montpellier, France
| | - Sylvain Kumanski
- Centre de Recherche en Biologie cellulaire de Montpellier (CRBM), Université de Montpellier-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Montpellier, France
| | - María Moriel-Carretero
- Centre de Recherche en Biologie cellulaire de Montpellier (CRBM), Université de Montpellier-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Montpellier, France
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38
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Echarri A. A Multisensory Network Drives Nuclear Mechanoadaptation. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12030404. [PMID: 35327596 PMCID: PMC8945967 DOI: 10.3390/biom12030404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells have adapted to mechanical forces early in evolution and have developed multiple mechanisms ensuring sensing of, and adaptation to, the diversity of forces operating outside and within organisms. The nucleus must necessarily adapt to all types of mechanical signals, as its functions are essential for virtually all cell processes, many of which are tuned by mechanical cues. To sense forces, the nucleus is physically connected with the cytoskeleton, which senses and transmits forces generated outside and inside the cell. The nuclear LINC complex bridges the cytoskeleton and the nuclear lamina to transmit mechanical information up to the chromatin. This system creates a force-sensing macromolecular complex that, however, is not sufficient to regulate all nuclear mechanoadaptation processes. Within the nucleus, additional mechanosensitive structures, including the nuclear envelope and the nuclear pore complex, function to regulate nuclear mechanoadaptation. Similarly, extra nuclear mechanosensitive systems based on plasma membrane dynamics, mechanotransduce information to the nucleus. Thus, the nucleus has the intrinsic structural components needed to receive and interpret mechanical inputs, but also rely on extra nuclear mechano-sensors that activate nuclear regulators in response to force. Thus, a network of mechanosensitive cell structures ensures that the nucleus has a tunable response to mechanical cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asier Echarri
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Mechanoadaptation and Caveolae Biology Laboratory, Areas of Cell & Developmental Biology, Calle Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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39
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Kamikawa Y, Imaizumi K. Advances in understanding the mechanisms of repairing damaged nuclear envelop. J Biochem 2022; 171:609-617. [PMID: 35134968 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvac012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear envelope (NE) separates genomic DNA from the cytoplasm in eukaryotes. The structure of the NE is dynamically altered not only in mitotic disassembly and reassembly but also during interphase. Recent studies have shown that the NE is frequently damaged by various cellular stresses that degenerate NE components and/or disrupt their functional interactions. These stresses are referred to as "NE stress." Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that NE stress potentially causes severe cellular dysfunctions, such as cell death and genome instability. In this review, the concept of NE stress, the processes repairing damage of the NE caused by NE stress, and the molecular mechanisms by which NE stress contributes to disease pathogenesis are introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasunao Kamikawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Kazunori Imaizumi
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
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40
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Madrazo E, González-Novo R, Ortiz-Placín C, García de Lacoba M, González-Murillo Á, Ramírez M, Redondo-Muñoz J. Fast H3K9 methylation promoted by CXCL12 contributes to nuclear changes and invasiveness of T-acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells. Oncogene 2022; 41:1324-1336. [PMID: 34999734 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-02168-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
T-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is an aggressive hematological malignancy that comprises the accumulation of malignant T-cells. Despite current therapies, failure to conventional treatments and relapse are frequent in children with T-ALL. It is known that the chemokine CXCL12 modulates leukemia survival and dissemination; however, our understanding of molecular mechanisms used by T-ALL cells to infiltrate and respond to leukemia cells-microenvironment interactions is still vague. In the present study, we showed that CXCL12 promoted H3K9 methylation in cell lines and primary T-ALL cells within minutes. We thus identified that CXCL12-mediated H3K9 methylation affected the global chromatin configuration and the nuclear mechanics of T-ALL cells. Importantly, we characterized changes in the genomic profile of T-ALL cells associated with rapid CXCL12 stimulation. We showed that blocking CXCR4 and protein kinase C (PKC) impaired the H3K9 methylation induced by CXCL12 in T-ALL cells. Finally, blocking H3K9 methyltransferases reduced the efficiency of T-ALL cells to deform their nuclei, migrate across confined spaces, and home to spleen and bone marrow in vivo models. Together, our data show novel functions for CXL12 as a master regulator of nuclear deformability and epigenetic changes in T-ALL cells, and its potential as a promising pharmacological target against T-ALL dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Madrazo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CIB Margarita Salas-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel González-Novo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CIB Margarita Salas-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Cándido Ortiz-Placín
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CIB Margarita Salas-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mario García de Lacoba
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CIB Margarita Salas-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - África González-Murillo
- Department of Paediatric Haematology & Oncology, Hospital Universitario Niño Jesús, Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Ramírez
- Department of Paediatric Haematology & Oncology, Hospital Universitario Niño Jesús, Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Redondo-Muñoz
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CIB Margarita Salas-CSIC), Madrid, Spain.
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41
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Moriel-Carretero M. The Many Faces of Lipids in Genome Stability (and How to Unmask Them). Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12930. [PMID: 34884734 PMCID: PMC8657548 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Deep efforts have been devoted to studying the fundamental mechanisms ruling genome integrity preservation. A strong focus relies on our comprehension of nucleic acid and protein interactions. Comparatively, our exploration of whether lipids contribute to genome homeostasis and, if they do, how, is severely underdeveloped. This disequilibrium may be understood in historical terms, but also relates to the difficulty of applying classical lipid-related techniques to a territory such as a nucleus. The limited research in this domain translates into scarce and rarely gathered information, which with time further discourages new initiatives. In this review, the ways lipids have been demonstrated to, or very likely do, impact nuclear transactions, in general, and genome homeostasis, in particular, are explored. Moreover, a succinct yet exhaustive battery of available techniques is proposed to tackle the study of this topic while keeping in mind the feasibility and habits of "nucleus-centered" researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Moriel-Carretero
- Centre de Recherche en Biologie Cellulaire de Montpellier (CRBM), Université de Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, CEDEX 5, 34293 Montpellier, France
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42
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Szydzik J, Lind DE, Arefin B, Kurhe Y, Umapathy G, Siaw JT, Claeys A, Gabre JL, Van den Eynden J, Hallberg B, Palmer RH. ATR inhibition enables complete tumour regression in ALK-driven NB mouse models. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6813. [PMID: 34819497 PMCID: PMC8613282 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27057-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
High-risk neuroblastoma (NB) often involves MYCN amplification as well as mutations in ALK. Currently, high-risk NB presents significant clinical challenges, and additional therapeutic options are needed. Oncogenes like MYCN and ALK result in increased replication stress in cancer cells, offering therapeutically exploitable options. We have pursued phosphoproteomic analyses highlighting ATR activity in ALK-driven NB cells, identifying the BAY1895344 ATR inhibitor as a potent inhibitor of NB cell growth and proliferation. Using RNA-Seq, proteomics and phosphoproteomics we characterize NB cell and tumour responses to ATR inhibition, identifying key components of the DNA damage response as ATR targets in NB cells. ATR inhibition also produces robust responses in mouse models. Remarkably, a 2-week combined ATR/ALK inhibition protocol leads to complete tumor regression in two independent genetically modified mouse NB models. These results suggest that NB patients, particularly in high-risk groups with oncogene-induced replication stress, may benefit from ATR inhibition as therapeutic intervention. Effective therapeutic options are still needed in neuroblastoma treatment. Here, the authors, through a comprehensive proteomics analysis, identify ATR as a potential therapeutic target of neuroblastoma and demonstrate the efficacy of the ATR inhibitor BAY1895344 in combination with the ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitor lorlatinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Szydzik
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-40530, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Dan E Lind
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-40530, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Badrul Arefin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-40530, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Yeshwant Kurhe
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-40530, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ganesh Umapathy
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-40530, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Joachim Tetteh Siaw
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-40530, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Arne Claeys
- Department of Human Structure and Repair, Anatomy and Embryology Unit, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jonatan L Gabre
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-40530, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Human Structure and Repair, Anatomy and Embryology Unit, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jimmy Van den Eynden
- Department of Human Structure and Repair, Anatomy and Embryology Unit, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Bengt Hallberg
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-40530, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Ruth H Palmer
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-40530, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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43
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Sáinz-Jaspeado M, Smith RO, Plunde O, Pawelzik SC, Jin Y, Nordling S, Ding Y, Aspenström P, Hedlund M, Bastianello G, Ascione F, Li Q, Demir CS, Fernando D, Daniel G, Franco-Cereceda A, Kroon J, Foiani M, Petrova TV, Kilimann MW, Bäck M, Claesson-Welsh L. Palmdelphin Regulates Nuclear Resilience to Mechanical Stress in the Endothelium. Circulation 2021; 144:1629-1645. [PMID: 34636652 PMCID: PMC8589083 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.121.054182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. PALMD (palmdelphin) belongs to the family of paralemmin proteins implicated in cytoskeletal regulation. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the PALMD locus that result in reduced expression are strong risk factors for development of calcific aortic valve stenosis and predict severity of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Sáinz-Jaspeado
- Rudbeck, Beijer and SciLifeLab Laboratories, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology (M.S.-J., R.O.S., Y.J., S.N., Y.D., P.A., M.H., L.C.-W.), Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Ross O Smith
- Rudbeck, Beijer and SciLifeLab Laboratories, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology (M.S.-J., R.O.S., Y.J., S.N., Y.D., P.A., M.H., L.C.-W.), Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Oscar Plunde
- Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet and Department of Cardiology, Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm, Sweden (O.P., S.-C.P., M.B.)
| | - Sven-Christian Pawelzik
- Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet and Department of Cardiology, Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm, Sweden (O.P., S.-C.P., M.B.)
| | - Yi Jin
- Rudbeck, Beijer and SciLifeLab Laboratories, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology (M.S.-J., R.O.S., Y.J., S.N., Y.D., P.A., M.H., L.C.-W.), Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Sofia Nordling
- Rudbeck, Beijer and SciLifeLab Laboratories, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology (M.S.-J., R.O.S., Y.J., S.N., Y.D., P.A., M.H., L.C.-W.), Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Yindi Ding
- Rudbeck, Beijer and SciLifeLab Laboratories, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology (M.S.-J., R.O.S., Y.J., S.N., Y.D., P.A., M.H., L.C.-W.), Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Pontus Aspenström
- Rudbeck, Beijer and SciLifeLab Laboratories, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology (M.S.-J., R.O.S., Y.J., S.N., Y.D., P.A., M.H., L.C.-W.), Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Marie Hedlund
- Rudbeck, Beijer and SciLifeLab Laboratories, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology (M.S.-J., R.O.S., Y.J., S.N., Y.D., P.A., M.H., L.C.-W.), Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Giulia Bastianello
- IFOM-FIRC (institute of molecular oncology - Fondazione italiana per la ricerca sul cancro), Milano, Italy (G.B., F.A., Q.L., M.F.).,University of Milan, Italy (G.B., M.F.)
| | - Flora Ascione
- IFOM-FIRC (institute of molecular oncology - Fondazione italiana per la ricerca sul cancro), Milano, Italy (G.B., F.A., Q.L., M.F.)
| | - Qingsen Li
- IFOM-FIRC (institute of molecular oncology - Fondazione italiana per la ricerca sul cancro), Milano, Italy (G.B., F.A., Q.L., M.F.)
| | - Cansaran Saygili Demir
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Switzerland (C.S.D., T.V.P.).,Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Lausanne, Switzerland (C.S.D., T.V.P.)
| | - Dinesh Fernando
- Department of Forest Biomaterials and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala (D.F., G.D.)
| | - Geoffrey Daniel
- Department of Forest Biomaterials and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala (D.F., G.D.)
| | - Anders Franco-Cereceda
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, and Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (A.F.-C.)
| | - Jeffrey Kroon
- Department of Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Center, The Netherlands (J.K.)
| | - Marco Foiani
- IFOM-FIRC (institute of molecular oncology - Fondazione italiana per la ricerca sul cancro), Milano, Italy (G.B., F.A., Q.L., M.F.).,University of Milan, Italy (G.B., M.F.)
| | - Tatiana V Petrova
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Switzerland (C.S.D., T.V.P.).,Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Lausanne, Switzerland (C.S.D., T.V.P.)
| | - Manfred W Kilimann
- Department of Neuroscience (M.W.K.), Uppsala University, Sweden.,Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute for Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany (M.W.K.)
| | - Magnus Bäck
- Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet and Department of Cardiology, Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm, Sweden (O.P., S.-C.P., M.B.)
| | - Lena Claesson-Welsh
- Rudbeck, Beijer and SciLifeLab Laboratories, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology (M.S.-J., R.O.S., Y.J., S.N., Y.D., P.A., M.H., L.C.-W.), Uppsala University, Sweden
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44
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Akagawa R, Nabeshima YI, Kawauchi T. Alternative Functions of Cell Cycle-Related and DNA Repair Proteins in Post-mitotic Neurons. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:753175. [PMID: 34746147 PMCID: PMC8564117 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.753175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Proper regulation of neuronal morphological changes is essential for neuronal migration, maturation, synapse formation, and high-order function. Many cytoplasmic proteins involved in the regulation of neuronal microtubules and the actin cytoskeleton have been identified. In addition, some nuclear proteins have alternative functions in neurons. While cell cycle-related proteins basically control the progression of the cell cycle in the nucleus, some of them have an extra-cell cycle-regulatory function (EXCERF), such as regulating cytoskeletal organization, after exit from the cell cycle. Our expression analyses showed that not only cell cycle regulators, including cyclin A1, cyclin D2, Cdk4/6, p21cip1, p27kip1, Ink4 family, and RAD21, but also DNA repair proteins, including BRCA2, p53, ATM, ATR, RAD17, MRE11, RAD9, and Hus1, were expressed after neurogenesis, suggesting that these proteins have alternative functions in post-mitotic neurons. In this perspective paper, we discuss the alternative functions of the nuclear proteins in neuronal development, focusing on possible cytoplasmic roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remi Akagawa
- Laboratory of Molecular Life Science, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation at Kobe (FBRI), Kobe, Japan
| | - Yo-Ichi Nabeshima
- Laboratory of Molecular Life Science, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation at Kobe (FBRI), Kobe, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kawauchi
- Laboratory of Molecular Life Science, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation at Kobe (FBRI), Kobe, Japan.,Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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45
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Cattaneo A, Martano G, Restuccia U, Tronci L, Bianchi M, Bachi A, Matafora V. Opti-nQL: An Optimized, Versatile and Sensitive Nano-LC Method for MS-Based Lipidomics Analysis. Metabolites 2021; 11:720. [PMID: 34822378 PMCID: PMC8623082 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11110720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipidomics is the comprehensive analysis of lipids in a given biological system. This investigation is often limited by the low amount and high complexity of biological samples, therefore highly sensitive lipidomics methods are required. Nanoflow-LC/MS offers extremely high sensitivity; however, it is challenging as a more demanding maintenance is often needed compared to conventional microflow-LC approaches. Here, we developed a sensitive and reproducible lipidomics LC method, termed Opti-nQL, which can be applied to any biological system. Opti-nQL has been validated with cellular lipid extracts of human and mouse origin and with different lipid extraction methods. Among the resulting 4000 detected features, 700 and even more unique lipid molecular species have been identified covering 16 lipid sub-classes, while 400 lipids were uniquely structure defined by MS/MS. These results were obtained by analyzing an amount of lipids extract equivalent to 40 ng of proteins, being highly suitable for low abundant samples. MS analysis showed that theOpti-nQL method increases the number of identified lipids, which is evidenced by injecting 20 times less material than in microflow based chromatography, being more reproducible and accurate thus enhancing robustness of lipidomics analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Cattaneo
- Cogentech SRL Benefit Corporation, 20139 Milan, Italy; (A.C.); (M.B.)
| | | | - Umberto Restuccia
- The FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology (IFOM), 20139 Milan, Italy; (U.R.); (L.T.); (V.M.)
- ADIENNE Pharma & Biotech, 20867 Caponago, Italy
| | - Laura Tronci
- The FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology (IFOM), 20139 Milan, Italy; (U.R.); (L.T.); (V.M.)
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS-San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Molecular Basis of Cystic Kidney Diseases, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Michele Bianchi
- Cogentech SRL Benefit Corporation, 20139 Milan, Italy; (A.C.); (M.B.)
| | - Angela Bachi
- The FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology (IFOM), 20139 Milan, Italy; (U.R.); (L.T.); (V.M.)
| | - Vittoria Matafora
- The FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology (IFOM), 20139 Milan, Italy; (U.R.); (L.T.); (V.M.)
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46
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Bhargava A, Williart A, Maurin M, Davidson PM, Jouve M, Piel M, Lahaye X, Manel N. Inhibition of HIV infection by structural proteins of the inner nuclear membrane is associated with reduced chromatin dynamics. Cell Rep 2021; 36:109763. [PMID: 34592156 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) enters the nucleus to establish infection, but the role of nuclear envelope proteins in this process is incompletely understood. Inner nuclear transmembrane proteins SUN1 and SUN2 connect nuclear lamins to the cytoskeleton and participate in the DNA damage response (DDR). Increased levels of SUN1 or SUN2 potently restrict HIV infection through an unresolved mechanism. Here, we find that the antiviral activities of SUN1 and SUN2 are distinct. HIV-1 and HIV-2 are preferentially inhibited by SUN1 and SUN2, respectively. We identify DNA damage inducers that stimulate HIV-1 infection and show that SUN1, but not SUN2, neutralizes this effect. Finally, we show that chromatin movements and nuclear rotations are associated with the effects of SUN proteins and Lamin A/C on infection. These results reveal an emerging role of chromatin dynamics and the DDR in the control of HIV infection by structural components of the nuclear envelope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anvita Bhargava
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM U932, Paris, France
| | - Alice Williart
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR144, Paris, France
| | - Mathieu Maurin
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM U932, Paris, France
| | - Patricia M Davidson
- Laboratoire Physico-Chimie Curie, Institut Curie, CNRS UMR168, Sorbonne Université, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | | | - Matthieu Piel
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR144, Paris, France
| | - Xavier Lahaye
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM U932, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Manel
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM U932, Paris, France.
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47
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Napoletano F, Ferrari Bravo G, Voto IAP, Santin A, Celora L, Campaner E, Dezi C, Bertossi A, Valentino E, Santorsola M, Rustighi A, Fajner V, Maspero E, Ansaloni F, Cancila V, Valenti CF, Santo M, Artimagnella OB, Finaurini S, Gioia U, Polo S, Sanges R, Tripodo C, Mallamaci A, Gustincich S, d'Adda di Fagagna F, Mantovani F, Specchia V, Del Sal G. The prolyl-isomerase PIN1 is essential for nuclear Lamin-B structure and function and protects heterochromatin under mechanical stress. Cell Rep 2021; 36:109694. [PMID: 34525372 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromatin organization plays a crucial role in tissue homeostasis. Heterochromatin relaxation and consequent unscheduled mobilization of transposable elements (TEs) are emerging as key contributors of aging and aging-related pathologies, including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and cancer. However, the mechanisms governing heterochromatin maintenance or its relaxation in pathological conditions remain poorly understood. Here we show that PIN1, the only phosphorylation-specific cis/trans prolyl isomerase, whose loss is associated with premature aging and AD, is essential to preserve heterochromatin. We demonstrate that this PIN1 function is conserved from Drosophila to humans and prevents TE mobilization-dependent neurodegeneration and cognitive defects. Mechanistically, PIN1 maintains nuclear type-B Lamin structure and anchoring function for heterochromatin protein 1α (HP1α). This mechanism prevents nuclear envelope alterations and heterochromatin relaxation under mechanical stress, which is a key contributor to aging-related pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Napoletano
- Laboratorio Nazionale CIB (LNCIB), Area Science Park, Padriciano 99, 34149 Trieste, Italy; Department of Life Sciences (DSV), University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Gloria Ferrari Bravo
- Laboratorio Nazionale CIB (LNCIB), Area Science Park, Padriciano 99, 34149 Trieste, Italy; Department of Life Sciences (DSV), University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Ilaria Anna Pia Voto
- Laboratorio Nazionale CIB (LNCIB), Area Science Park, Padriciano 99, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Aurora Santin
- Laboratorio Nazionale CIB (LNCIB), Area Science Park, Padriciano 99, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Lucia Celora
- Laboratorio Nazionale CIB (LNCIB), Area Science Park, Padriciano 99, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Elena Campaner
- Laboratorio Nazionale CIB (LNCIB), Area Science Park, Padriciano 99, 34149 Trieste, Italy; Department of Life Sciences (DSV), University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Clara Dezi
- Department of Life Sciences (DSV), University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Arianna Bertossi
- Laboratorio Nazionale CIB (LNCIB), Area Science Park, Padriciano 99, 34149 Trieste, Italy; Department of Life Sciences (DSV), University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Elena Valentino
- Laboratorio Nazionale CIB (LNCIB), Area Science Park, Padriciano 99, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Mariangela Santorsola
- Laboratorio Nazionale CIB (LNCIB), Area Science Park, Padriciano 99, 34149 Trieste, Italy; Department of Life Sciences (DSV), University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Alessandra Rustighi
- Laboratorio Nazionale CIB (LNCIB), Area Science Park, Padriciano 99, 34149 Trieste, Italy; Department of Life Sciences (DSV), University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Elena Maspero
- FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology (IFOM), 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Federico Ansaloni
- Area of Neuroscience, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), 34146 Trieste, Italy
| | - Valeria Cancila
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Department of Health Science, Human Pathology Section, School of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Cesare Fabio Valenti
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Department of Health Science, Human Pathology Section, School of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Manuela Santo
- Area of Neuroscience, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), 34146 Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Sara Finaurini
- Area of Neuroscience, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), 34146 Trieste, Italy
| | - Ubaldo Gioia
- FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology (IFOM), 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Polo
- FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology (IFOM), 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Remo Sanges
- Area of Neuroscience, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), 34146 Trieste, Italy
| | - Claudio Tripodo
- FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology (IFOM), 20139 Milan, Italy; Tumor Immunology Unit, Department of Health Science, Human Pathology Section, School of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonello Mallamaci
- Area of Neuroscience, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), 34146 Trieste, Italy
| | - Stefano Gustincich
- Area of Neuroscience, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), 34146 Trieste, Italy; Central RNA Laboratory, Italian Institute of Technology, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Fabrizio d'Adda di Fagagna
- FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology (IFOM), 20139 Milan, Italy; Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Institute (CNR), Pavia, Italy
| | - Fiamma Mantovani
- Laboratorio Nazionale CIB (LNCIB), Area Science Park, Padriciano 99, 34149 Trieste, Italy; Department of Life Sciences (DSV), University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Valeria Specchia
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Giannino Del Sal
- Laboratorio Nazionale CIB (LNCIB), Area Science Park, Padriciano 99, 34149 Trieste, Italy; Department of Life Sciences (DSV), University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy; FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology (IFOM), 20139 Milan, Italy.
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48
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Nader GPDF, Williart A, Piel M. Nuclear deformations, from signaling to perturbation and damage. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2021; 72:137-145. [PMID: 34461580 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2021.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
During cell growth and motility in crowded tissues or interstitial spaces, cells must integrate multiple physical and biochemical environmental inputs. After a number of recent studies, the view of the nucleus as a passive object that cells have to drag along has become obsolete, placing the nucleus as a central player in sensing some of these inputs. In the present review, we will focus on changes in nuclear shape caused by external and internal forces. Depending on their magnitude, nuclear deformations can generate signaling events that modulate cell behavior and fate, or be a source of perturbations or even damage, having detrimental effects on cellular functions. On very large deformations, nuclear envelope rupture events become frequent, leading to uncontrolled nucleocytoplasmic mixing and DNA damage. We will also discuss the consequences of repeated compromised nuclear integrity, which can trigger DNA surveillance mechanisms, with critical consequences to cell fate and tissue homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alice Williart
- Institut Curie and Institut Pierre Gilles de Gennes, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 144, Paris, France
| | - Matthieu Piel
- Institut Curie and Institut Pierre Gilles de Gennes, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 144, Paris, France.
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Gauthier BR, Comaills V. Nuclear Envelope Integrity in Health and Disease: Consequences on Genome Instability and Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147281. [PMID: 34298904 PMCID: PMC8307504 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The dynamic nature of the nuclear envelope (NE) is often underestimated. The NE protects, regulates, and organizes the eukaryote genome and adapts to epigenetic changes and to its environment. The NE morphology is characterized by a wide range of diversity and abnormality such as invagination and blebbing, and it is a diagnostic factor for pathologies such as cancer. Recently, the micronuclei, a small nucleus that contains a full chromosome or a fragment thereof, has gained much attention. The NE of micronuclei is prone to collapse, leading to DNA release into the cytoplasm with consequences ranging from the activation of the cGAS/STING pathway, an innate immune response, to the creation of chromosomal instability. The discovery of those mechanisms has revolutionized the understanding of some inflammation-related diseases and the origin of complex chromosomal rearrangements, as observed during the initiation of tumorigenesis. Herein, we will highlight the complexity of the NE biology and discuss the clinical symptoms observed in NE-related diseases. The interplay between innate immunity, genomic instability, and nuclear envelope leakage could be a major focus in future years to explain a wide range of diseases and could lead to new classes of therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit R. Gauthier
- Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, Junta de Andalucía-University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-CSIC, 41092 Seville, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (B.R.G.); (V.C.)
| | - Valentine Comaills
- Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, Junta de Andalucía-University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-CSIC, 41092 Seville, Spain
- Correspondence: (B.R.G.); (V.C.)
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Técher H, Pasero P. The Replication Stress Response on a Narrow Path Between Genomic Instability and Inflammation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:702584. [PMID: 34249949 PMCID: PMC8270677 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.702584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The genome of eukaryotic cells is particularly at risk during the S phase of the cell cycle, when megabases of chromosomal DNA are unwound to generate two identical copies of the genome. This daunting task is executed by thousands of micro-machines called replisomes, acting at fragile structures called replication forks. The correct execution of this replication program depends on the coordinated action of hundreds of different enzymes, from the licensing of replication origins to the termination of DNA replication. This review focuses on the mechanisms that ensure the completion of DNA replication under challenging conditions of endogenous or exogenous origin. It also covers new findings connecting the processing of stalled forks to the release of small DNA fragments into the cytoplasm, activating the cGAS-STING pathway. DNA damage and fork repair comes therefore at a price, which is the activation of an inflammatory response that has both positive and negative impacts on the fate of stressed cells. These new findings have broad implications for the etiology of interferonopathies and for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hervé Técher
- Institut de Génétique Humaine, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Montpellier, France
| | - Philippe Pasero
- Institut de Génétique Humaine, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Montpellier, France
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