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Zhao X, Liu Y, Cheng R, Zheng C, Shang P. Epidemiological Study in Antiviral Innate Immunity. Methods Mol Biol 2025; 2854:189-197. [PMID: 39192130 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-4108-8_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
This chapter summarizes the epidemiological study design of natural immune epidemiology studies based on recent COVID-19-related research. The epidemiological studies on antiviral innate immunity have mainly included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies. Importantly, this chapter will discuss how to use these methodologies to answer an epidemiological question of natural immunity in the viral infection process based on previous studies. An observational case- or cohort-based study of antiviral innate immunity may support this theoretical hypothesis but is not appropriate for clinical practice or treatment. RCTs are the gold standard for epidemiological studies and occupy a greater role in the hierarchy of evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yuting Liu
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ruogu Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Chunfu Zheng
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Pei Shang
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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2
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He M, Jiang H, Li S, Xue M, Wang H, Zheng C, Tong J. The crosstalk between DNA-damage responses and innate immunity. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 140:112768. [PMID: 39088918 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/03/2024]
Abstract
DNA damage is typically caused during cell growth by DNA replication stress or exposure to endogenous or external toxins. The accumulation of damaged DNA causes genomic instability, which is the root cause of many serious disorders. Multiple cellular organisms utilize sophisticated signaling pathways against DNA damage, collectively known as DNA damage response (DDR) networks. Innate immune responses are activated following cellular abnormalities, including DNA damage. Interestingly, recent studies have indicated that there is an intimate relationship between the DDR network and innate immune responses. Diverse kinds of cytosolic DNA sensors, such as cGAS and STING, recognize damaged DNA and induce signals related to innate immune responses, which link defective DDR to innate immunity. Moreover, DDR components operate in immune signaling pathways to induce IFNs and/or a cascade of inflammatory cytokines via direct interactions with innate immune modulators. Consistently, defective DDR factors exacerbate the innate immune imbalance, resulting in severe diseases, including autoimmune disorders and tumorigenesis. Here, the latest progress in understanding crosstalk between the DDR network and innate immune responses is reviewed. Notably, the dual function of innate immune modulators in the DDR network may provide novel insights into understanding and developing targeted immunotherapies for DNA damage-related diseases, even carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei He
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Hua Jiang
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Shun Li
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Mengzhou Xue
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Huiqing Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Chunfu Zheng
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Jie Tong
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
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3
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Zhang SD, Li H, Zhou YL, Liu XC, Li DC, Hao CF, You QD, Xu XL. Protein-protein interactions in cGAS-STING pathway: a medicinal chemistry perspective. Future Med Chem 2024:1-20. [PMID: 39263789 DOI: 10.1080/17568919.2024.2383164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) play pivotal roles in biological processes and are closely linked with human diseases. Research on small molecule inhibitors targeting PPIs provides valuable insights and guidance for novel drug development. The cGAS-STING pathway plays a crucial role in regulating human innate immunity and is implicated in various pathological conditions. Therefore, modulators of the cGAS-STING pathway have garnered extensive attention. Given that this pathway involves multiple PPIs, modulating PPIs associated with the cGAS-STING pathway has emerged as a promising strategy for modulating this pathway. In this review, we summarize an overview of recent advancements in medicinal chemistry insights into cGAS-STING PPI-based modulators and propose alternative strategies for further drug discovery based on the cGAS-STING pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Duo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design & Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design & Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ye-Ling Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design & Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Xue-Chun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design & Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - De-Chang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design & Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Chuan-Feng Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design & Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Qi-Dong You
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design & Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Xiao-Li Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design & Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
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4
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Shen LP, Zhang WC, Deng JR, Qi ZH, Lin ZW, Wang ZD. Advances in the mechanism of small nucleolar RNA and its role in DNA damage response. Mil Med Res 2024; 11:53. [PMID: 39118131 PMCID: PMC11308251 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-024-00553-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) were previously regarded as a class of functionally conserved housekeeping genes, primarily involved in the regulation of ribosome biogenesis by ribosomal RNA (rRNA) modification. However, some of them are involved in several biological processes via complex molecular mechanisms. DNA damage response (DDR) is a conserved mechanism for maintaining genomic stability to prevent the occurrence of various human diseases. It has recently been revealed that snoRNAs are involved in DDR at multiple levels, indicating their relevant theoretical and clinical significance in this field. The present review systematically addresses four main points, including the biosynthesis and classification of snoRNAs, the mechanisms through which snoRNAs regulate target molecules, snoRNAs in the process of DDR, and the significance of snoRNA in disease diagnosis and treatment. It focuses on the potential functions of snoRNAs in DDR to help in the discovery of the roles of snoRNAs in maintaining genome stability and pathological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ping Shen
- Department of Radiobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Wen-Cheng Zhang
- Department of Radiobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Jia-Rong Deng
- Graduate Collaborative Training Base of Academy of Military Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Zhen-Hua Qi
- Department of Radiobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Zhong-Wu Lin
- Department of Radiobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Zhi-Dong Wang
- Department of Radiobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China.
- Graduate Collaborative Training Base of Academy of Military Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
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Zhang JN, Dong MM, Cao W, Chen HG, Gu HY, Feng YL, Zhang EF, He JS, Liu SC, Xie AY, Cai Z. Disruption of DNA-PKcs-mediated cGAS retention on damaged chromatin potentiates DNA damage-inducing agent-induced anti-multiple myeloma activity. Br J Cancer 2024; 131:430-443. [PMID: 38877108 PMCID: PMC11300664 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-024-02742-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Targeting DNA damage repair factors, such as DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs), may offer an opportunity for effective treatment of multiple myeloma (MM). In combination with DNA damage-inducing agents, this strategy has been shown to improve chemotherapies partially via activation of cGAS-STING pathway by an elevated level of cytosolic DNA. However, as cGAS is primarily sequestered by chromatin in the nucleus, it remains unclear how cGAS is released from chromatin and translocated into the cytoplasm upon DNA damage, leading to cGAS-STING activation. METHODS We examined the role of DNA-PKcs inhibition on cGAS-STING-mediated MM chemosensitivity by performing mass spectrometry and mechanism study. RESULTS Here, we found DNA-PKcs inhibition potentiated DNA damage-inducing agent doxorubicin-induced anti-MM effect by activating cGAS-STING signaling. The cGAS-STING activation in MM cells caused cell death partly via IRF3-NOXA-BAK axis and induced M1 polarization of macrophages. Moreover, this activation was not caused by defective classical non-homologous end joining (c-NHEJ). Instead, upon DNA damage induced by doxorubicin, inhibition of DNA-PKcs promoted cGAS release from cytoplasmic chromatin fragments and increased the amount of cytosolic cGAS and DNA, activating cGAS-STING. CONCLUSIONS Inhibition of DNA-PKcs could improve the efficacy of doxorubicin in treatment of MM by de-sequestrating cGAS in damaged chromatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Na Zhang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine and Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Meng-Meng Dong
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine and Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wen Cao
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hao-Guang Chen
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hui-Yao Gu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi-Li Feng
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine and Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Laparoscopic Technology of Zhejiang Province, Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Hangzhou Qiantang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - En-Fan Zhang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing-Song He
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Si-Cheng Liu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine and Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Laparoscopic Technology of Zhejiang Province, Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Hangzhou Qiantang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - An-Yong Xie
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine and Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Key Laboratory of Laparoscopic Technology of Zhejiang Province, Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Hangzhou Qiantang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Zhen Cai
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Camfield S, Chakraborty S, Dwivedi SKD, Pramanik PK, Mukherjee P, Bhattacharya R. Secrets of DNA-PKcs beyond DNA repair. NPJ Precis Oncol 2024; 8:154. [PMID: 39043779 PMCID: PMC11266574 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-024-00655-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The canonical role of the DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs) in repairing DNA double-strand breaks combined with its reported dysregulation in several malignancies has driven the development of DNA-PKcs inhibitors as therapeutics. However, until recently the relationship between DNA-PKcs and tumorigenesis has been primarily investigated with regard to its role in non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) repair. Emerging research has uncovered non-canonical DNA-PKcs functions involved with transcriptional regulation, telomere maintenance, metabolic regulation, and immune signaling all of which may also impinge on tumorigenesis. This review mainly discusses these non-canonical roles of DNA-PKcs in cellular biology and their potential contribution to tumorigenesis, as well as evaluating the implications of targeting DNA-PKcs for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sydney Camfield
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Sayan Chakraborty
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Shailendra Kumar Dhar Dwivedi
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Pijush Kanti Pramanik
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Priyabrata Mukherjee
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Resham Bhattacharya
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
- Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
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Adelon J, Abolhassani H, Esenboga S, Fouyssac F, Cagdas D, Tezcan I, Kuskonmaz B, Cetinkaya D, Suarez F, Mahdaviani SA, Plassart S, Mathieu AL, Fabien N, Malcus C, Morfin-Sherpa F, Billaud G, Tusseau M, Benezech S, Walzer T, De Villartay JP, Bertrand Y, Belot A. Human DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit deficiency: A comprehensive review and update. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2024:S0091-6749(24)00677-8. [PMID: 38977084 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2024.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs) has an essential role in the non-homologous end-joining pathway that repairs DNA double-strand breaks in V(D)J recombination involved in the expression of T- and B-cell receptors. Whereas homozygous mutations in Prkdc define the Scid mouse, a model that has been widely used in biology, human mutations in PRKDC are extremely rare and the disease spectrum has not been described so far. OBJECTIVES To provide an update on the genetics, clinical spectrum, immunological profile, and therapy of DNA-PKcs deficiency in human. METHODS The clinical, biological, and treatment data from the 6 cases published to date and from 1 new patient were obtained and analyzed. Rubella PCR was performed on available granuloma material. RESULTS We report on 7 patients; 6 patients displayed the autosomal recessive p.L3062R mutation in PRKDC-encoding DNA-PKcs. Atypical severe combined immunodeficiency with inflammatory lesions, granulomas, and autoimmunity was the predominant clinical manifestation (n = 5 of 7). Rubella viral strain was detected in the granuloma of 1 patient over the 2 tested. T-cell counts, including naive CD4+CD45RA+ T cells and T-cell function were low at diagnosis for 6 patients. For most patients with available values, naive CD4+CD45RA+ T cells decreased over time (n = 5 of 6). Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation was performed in 5 patients, of whom 4 are still alive without transplant-related morbidity. Sustained T- and B-cell reconstitution was observed, respectively, for 4 and 3 patients, after a median follow-up of 8 years (range 3-16 years). CONCLUSIONS DNA-PKcs deficiency mainly manifests as an inflammatory disease with granuloma and autoimmune features, along with severe infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihane Adelon
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Hematology, Institut d'Hématologie et d'Oncologie Pédiatrique, Lyon, France; Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.
| | - Hassan Abolhassani
- Division of Immunology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saliha Esenboga
- Department of Pediatric Immunology, Ihsan Dogramacı Children's Hospital, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Fanny Fouyssac
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Children's Hospital, Nancy, France
| | - Deniz Cagdas
- Department of Pediatric Immunology, Ihsan Dogramacı Children's Hospital, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ilhan Tezcan
- Department of Pediatric Immunology, Ihsan Dogramacı Children's Hospital, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Barıs Kuskonmaz
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Ihsan Dogramacı Children's Hospital, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Duygu Cetinkaya
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Ihsan Dogramacı Children's Hospital, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Felipe Suarez
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Hematological Disorders and Therapeutical Implications, INSERM UMR1163/CNRS URL 8254, Paris, France; French National Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Necker University Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France; INSERM UMR1163, Imagine Institut, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; Department of Hematology, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Seyed Alireza Mahdaviani
- Pediatric Respiratory Diseases Research Centre, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samira Plassart
- Centre de Références Maladies Rares, Rhumatismes inflammatoires et les maladies Auto-Immunes Systémiques rares de l'Enfant (RAISE), Lyon, France
| | - Anne-Laure Mathieu
- Centre de Références Maladies Rares, Rhumatismes inflammatoires et les maladies Auto-Immunes Systémiques rares de l'Enfant (RAISE), Lyon, France; Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1111, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 5308, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Nicole Fabien
- Department of Immunology, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre-Benite, France
| | - Christophe Malcus
- Department of Immunology, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Florence Morfin-Sherpa
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Institut des Agents Infectieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Groupement Hospitalier Nord, Lyon, France; Laboratoire Virologie et Pathologies humaines (VirPath),Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1111, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 5308, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Geneviève Billaud
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Institut des Agents Infectieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Groupement Hospitalier Nord, Lyon, France
| | - Maud Tusseau
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France; Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1111, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 5308, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon, Lyon, France; Service de Génétique, Groupe Hospitalier Est, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France
| | - Sarah Benezech
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Hematology, Institut d'Hématologie et d'Oncologie Pédiatrique, Lyon, France; Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France; Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1111, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 5308, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Thierry Walzer
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1111, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 5308, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Jean-Pierre De Villartay
- Laboratory "Genome Dynamics in the Immune System" INSERM UMR 1163, Imagine Institute, Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Yves Bertrand
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Hematology, Institut d'Hématologie et d'Oncologie Pédiatrique, Lyon, France; Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Alexandre Belot
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France; Centre de Références Maladies Rares, Rhumatismes inflammatoires et les maladies Auto-Immunes Systémiques rares de l'Enfant (RAISE), Lyon, France; Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1111, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 5308, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon, Lyon, France; Department of Pediatrics Nephrology, Rheumatology, and Dermatology, Hôpital Femme-Mère-Enfant, Bron, France.
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8
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Wang L, Lynch C, Pitroda SP, Piffkó A, Yang K, Huser AK, Liang HL, Weichselbaum RR. Radiotherapy and immunology. J Exp Med 2024; 221:e20232101. [PMID: 38771260 PMCID: PMC11110906 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20232101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The majority of cancer patients receive radiotherapy during the course of treatment, delivered with curative intent for local tumor control or as part of a multimodality regimen aimed at eliminating distant metastasis. A major focus of research has been DNA damage; however, in the past two decades, emphasis has shifted to the important role the immune system plays in radiotherapy-induced anti-tumor effects. Radiotherapy reprograms the tumor microenvironment, triggering DNA and RNA sensing cascades that activate innate immunity and ultimately enhance adaptive immunity. In opposition, radiotherapy also induces suppression of anti-tumor immunity, including recruitment of regulatory T cells, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and suppressive macrophages. The balance of pro- and anti-tumor immunity is regulated in part by radiotherapy-induced chemokines and cytokines. Microbiota can also influence radiotherapy outcomes and is under clinical investigation. Blockade of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis and CTLA-4 has been extensively investigated in combination with radiotherapy; we include a review of clinical trials involving inhibition of these immune checkpoints and radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Wang
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Connor Lynch
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sean P. Pitroda
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - András Piffkó
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kaiting Yang
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Amy K. Huser
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hua Laura Liang
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ralph R. Weichselbaum
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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Wu J, Song L, Lu M, Gao Q, Xu S, Zhou P, Ma T. The multifaceted functions of DNA-PKcs: implications for the therapy of human diseases. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e613. [PMID: 38898995 PMCID: PMC11185949 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK), catalytic subunit, also known as DNA-PKcs, is complexed with the heterodimer Ku70/Ku80 to form DNA-PK holoenzyme, which is well recognized as initiator in the nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) repair after double strand break (DSB). During NHEJ, DNA-PKcs is essential for both DNA end processing and end joining. Besides its classical function in DSB repair, DNA-PKcs also shows multifaceted functions in various biological activities such as class switch recombination (CSR) and variable (V) diversity (D) joining (J) recombination in B/T lymphocytes development, innate immunity through cGAS-STING pathway, transcription, alternative splicing, and so on, which are dependent on its function in NHEJ or not. Moreover, DNA-PKcs deficiency has been proven to be related with human diseases such as neurological pathogenesis, cancer, immunological disorder, and so on through different mechanisms. Therefore, it is imperative to summarize the latest findings about DNA-PKcs and diseases for better targeting DNA-PKcs, which have shown efficacy in cancer treatment in preclinical models. Here, we discuss the multifaceted roles of DNA-PKcs in human diseases, meanwhile, we discuss the progresses of DNA-PKcs inhibitors and their potential in clinical trials. The most updated review about DNA-PKcs will hopefully provide insights and ideas to understand DNA-PKcs associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghong Wu
- Cancer Research CenterBeijing Chest HospitalCapital Medical University/Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research InstituteBeijingChina
| | - Liwei Song
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryBeijing Chest HospitalCapital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research InstituteBeijingChina
| | - Mingjun Lu
- Cancer Research CenterBeijing Chest HospitalCapital Medical University/Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research InstituteBeijingChina
| | - Qing Gao
- Cancer Research CenterBeijing Chest HospitalCapital Medical University/Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research InstituteBeijingChina
| | - Shaofa Xu
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryBeijing Chest HospitalCapital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research InstituteBeijingChina
| | - Ping‐Kun Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory for RadiobiologyBeijing Institute of Radiation MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Teng Ma
- Cancer Research CenterBeijing Chest HospitalCapital Medical University/Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research InstituteBeijingChina
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10
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Çubuk C, Lau R, Cutillas P, Rajeeve V, John CR, Surace AEA, Hands R, Fossati-Jimack L, Lewis MJ, Pitzalis C. Phosphoproteomic profiling of early rheumatoid arthritis synovium reveals active signalling pathways and differentiates inflammatory pathotypes. Arthritis Res Ther 2024; 26:120. [PMID: 38867295 PMCID: PMC11167927 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-024-03351-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kinases are intracellular signalling mediators and key to sustaining the inflammatory process in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Oral inhibitors of Janus Kinase family (JAKs) are widely used in RA, while inhibitors of other kinase families e.g. phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) are under development. Most current biomarker platforms quantify mRNA/protein levels, but give no direct information on whether proteins are active/inactive. Phosphoproteome analysis has the potential to measure specific enzyme activation status at tissue level. METHODS We validated the feasibility of phosphoproteome and total proteome analysis on 8 pre-treatment synovial biopsies from treatment-naive RA patients using label-free mass spectrometry, to identify active cell signalling pathways in synovial tissue which might explain failure to respond to RA therapeutics. RESULTS Differential expression analysis and functional enrichment revealed clear separation of phosphoproteome and proteome profiles between lymphoid and myeloid RA pathotypes. Abundance of specific phosphosites was associated with the degree of inflammatory state. The lymphoid pathotype was enriched with lymphoproliferative signalling phosphosites, including Mammalian Target Of Rapamycin (MTOR) signalling, whereas the myeloid pathotype was associated with Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) and CDK mediated signalling. This analysis also highlighted novel kinases not previously linked to RA, such as Protein Kinase, DNA-Activated, Catalytic Subunit (PRKDC) in the myeloid pathotype. Several phosphosites correlated with clinical features, such as Disease-Activity-Score (DAS)-28, suggesting that phosphosite analysis has potential for identifying novel biomarkers at tissue-level of disease severity and prognosis. CONCLUSIONS Specific phosphoproteome/proteome signatures delineate RA pathotypes and may have clinical utility for stratifying patients for personalised medicine in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cankut Çubuk
- Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London and Barts NIHR BRC & NHS Trust, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Rachel Lau
- Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London and Barts NIHR BRC & NHS Trust, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Pedro Cutillas
- Cell Signalling and Proteomics Group, Centre for Genomics and Computational Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Vinothini Rajeeve
- Cell Signalling and Proteomics Group, Centre for Genomics and Computational Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Christopher R John
- Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London and Barts NIHR BRC & NHS Trust, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Anna E A Surace
- Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London and Barts NIHR BRC & NHS Trust, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Rebecca Hands
- Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London and Barts NIHR BRC & NHS Trust, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Liliane Fossati-Jimack
- Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London and Barts NIHR BRC & NHS Trust, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Myles J Lewis
- Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London and Barts NIHR BRC & NHS Trust, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK.
| | - Costantino Pitzalis
- Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London and Barts NIHR BRC & NHS Trust, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK.
- IRCCS Istituto Clinico Humanitas, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzao, Milan, Italy.
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11
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Zhou Z, Huang S, Fan F, Xu Y, Moore C, Li S, Han C. The multiple faces of cGAS-STING in antitumor immunity: prospects and challenges. MEDICAL REVIEW (2021) 2024; 4:173-191. [PMID: 38919400 PMCID: PMC11195429 DOI: 10.1515/mr-2023-0061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
As a key sensor of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) detects cytosolic dsDNA and initiates the synthesis of 2'3' cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) that activates the stimulator of interferon genes (STING). This finally promotes the production of type I interferons (IFN-I) that is crucial for bridging innate and adaptive immunity. Recent evidence show that several antitumor therapies, including radiotherapy (RT), chemotherapy, targeted therapies and immunotherapies, activate the cGAS-STING pathway to provoke the antitumor immunity. In the last decade, the development of STING agonists has been a major focus in both basic research and the pharmaceutical industry. However, up to now, none of STING agonists have been approved for clinical use. Considering the broad expression of STING in whole body and the direct lethal effect of STING agonists on immune cells in the draining lymph node (dLN), research on the optimal way to activate STING in tumor microenvironment (TME) appears to be a promising direction. Moreover, besides enhancing IFN-I signaling, the cGAS-STING pathway also plays roles in senescence, autophagy, apoptosis, mitotic arrest, and DNA repair, contributing to tumor development and metastasis. In this review, we summarize the recent advances on cGAS-STING pathway's response to antitumor therapies and the strategies involving this pathway for tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheqi Zhou
- Peking University International Cancer Institute, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Sanling Huang
- Peking University International Cancer Institute, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Fangying Fan
- Department of Interventional Ultrasound, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Peking University International Cancer Institute, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Casey Moore
- Departments of Immunology, Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Sirui Li
- Department of Genetics, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Chuanhui Han
- Peking University International Cancer Institute, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
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12
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Zhang H, Jiang L, Du X, Qian Z, Wu G, Jiang Y, Mao Z. The cGAS-Ku80 complex regulates the balance between two end joining subpathways. Cell Death Differ 2024; 31:792-803. [PMID: 38664591 PMCID: PMC11164703 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-024-01296-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
As the major DNA sensor that activates the STING-TBK1 signaling cascade, cGAS is mainly present in the cytosol. A number of recent reports have indicated that cGAS also plays critical roles in the nucleus. Our previous work demonstrated for the first time that cGAS is translocated to the nucleus upon the occurrence of DNA damage and inhibits homologous recombination (HR), one of the two major pathways of DNA double strand break (DSB) repair. However, whether nuclear cGAS regulates the other DSB repair pathway, nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ), which can be further divided into the less error-prone canonical NHEJ (c-NHEJ) and more mutagenic alternative NHEJ (alt-NHEJ) subpathways, has not been characterized. Here, we demonstrated that cGAS tipped the balance of the two NHEJ subpathways toward c-NHEJ. Mechanistically, the cGAS-Ku80 complex enhanced the interaction between DNA-PKcs and the deubiquitinase USP7 to improve DNA-PKcs protein stability, thereby promoting c-NHEJ. In contrast, the cGAS-Ku80 complex suppressed alt-NHEJ by directly binding to the promoter of Polθ to suppress its transcription. Together, these findings reveal a novel function of nuclear cGAS in regulating DSB repair, suggesting that the presence of cGAS in the nucleus is also important in the maintenance of genome integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiping Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijun Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyi Du
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Qian
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guizhu Wu
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Ying Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhiyong Mao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
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13
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Qian W, Ye J, Xia S. DNA sensing of dendritic cells in cancer immunotherapy. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 11:1391046. [PMID: 38841190 PMCID: PMC11150630 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1391046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are involved in the initiation and maintenance of immune responses against malignant cells by recognizing conserved pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) through pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). According to recent studies, tumor cell-derived DNA molecules act as DAMPs and are recognized by DNA sensors in DCs. Once identified by sensors in DCs, these DNA molecules trigger multiple signaling cascades to promote various cytokines secretion, including type I IFN, and then to induce DCs mediated antitumor immunity. As one of the potential attractive strategies for cancer therapy, various agonists targeting DNA sensors are extensively explored including the combination with other cancer immunotherapies or the direct usage as major components of cancer vaccines. Moreover, this review highlights different mechanisms through which tumor-derived DNA initiates DCs activation and the mechanisms through which the tumor microenvironment regulates DNA sensing of DCs to promote tumor immune escape. The contributions of chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and checkpoint inhibitors in tumor therapy to the DNA sensing of DCs are also discussed. Finally, recent clinical progress in tumor therapy utilizing agonist-targeted DNA sensors is summarized. Indeed, understanding more about DNA sensing in DCs will help to understand more about tumor immunotherapy and improve the efficacy of DC-targeted treatment in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Qian
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Ye
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
- The Center for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Taizhou People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sheng Xia
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
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14
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Yan Z, Zhu J, Liu Y, Li Z, Liang X, Zhou S, Hou Y, Chen H, Zhou L, Wang P, Ao X, Gao S, Huang X, Zhou P, Gu Y. DNA-PKcs/AKT1 inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition during radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis by inducing ubiquitination and degradation of Twist1. Clin Transl Med 2024; 14:e1690. [PMID: 38760896 PMCID: PMC11101672 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis (RIPF) is a chronic, progressive, irreversible lung interstitial disease that develops after radiotherapy. Although several previous studies have focused on the mechanism of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in lung epithelial cells, the essential factors involved in this process remain poorly understood. The DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs) exhibits strong repair capacity when cells undergo radiation-induced damage; whether DNA-PKcs regulates EMT during RIPF remains unclear. OBJECTIVES To investigate the role and molecular mechanism of DNA-PKcs in RIPF and provide an important theoretical basis for utilising DNA-PKcs-targeted drugs for preventing RIPF. METHODS DNA-PKcs knockout (DPK-/-) mice were generated via the Cas9/sgRNA technique and subjected to whole chest ionizing radiation (IR) at a 20 Gy dose. Before whole chest IR, the mice were intragastrically administered the DNA-PKcs-targeted drug VND3207. Lung tissues were collected at 1 and 5 months after IR. RESULTS The expression of DNA-PKcs is low in pulmonary fibrosis (PF) patients. DNA-PKcs deficiency significantly exacerbated RIPF by promoting EMT in lung epithelial cells. Mechanistically, DNA-PKcs deletion by shRNA or inhibitor NU7441 maintained the protein stability of Twist1. Furthermore, AKT1 mediated the interaction between DNA-PKcs and Twist1. High Twist1 expression and EMT-associated changes caused by DNA-PKcs deletion were blocked by insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), an AKT1 agonist. The radioprotective drug VND3207 prevented IR-induced EMT and alleviated RIPF in mice by stimulating the kinase activity of DNA-PKcs. CONCLUSION Our study clarified the critical role and mechanism of DNA-PKcs in RIPF and showed that it could be a potential target for preventing RIPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyan Yan
- Beijing Key Laboratory for RadiobiologyBeijing Institute of Radiation MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Jiaojiao Zhu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for RadiobiologyBeijing Institute of Radiation MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Yuhao Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for RadiobiologyBeijing Institute of Radiation MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Zhongqiu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive BiologyInstitute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Xinxin Liang
- Hengyang Medical CollegeUniversity of South ChinaHengyangChina
| | - Shenghui Zhou
- Hengyang Medical CollegeUniversity of South ChinaHengyangChina
| | - Yifan Hou
- College of Life SciencesHebei UniversityBaodingChina
| | - Huixi Chen
- Hengyang Medical CollegeUniversity of South ChinaHengyangChina
| | - Lin Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory for RadiobiologyBeijing Institute of Radiation MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Ping Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for RadiobiologyBeijing Institute of Radiation MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Xingkun Ao
- Hengyang Medical CollegeUniversity of South ChinaHengyangChina
| | - Shanshan Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for RadiobiologyBeijing Institute of Radiation MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Xin Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for RadiobiologyBeijing Institute of Radiation MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Ping‐Kun Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory for RadiobiologyBeijing Institute of Radiation MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Yongqing Gu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for RadiobiologyBeijing Institute of Radiation MedicineBeijingChina
- Hengyang Medical CollegeUniversity of South ChinaHengyangChina
- College of Life SciencesHebei UniversityBaodingChina
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15
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Tong J, Song J, Zhang W, Zhai J, Guan Q, Wang H, Liu G, Zheng C. When DNA-damage responses meet innate and adaptive immunity. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:185. [PMID: 38630271 PMCID: PMC11023972 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05214-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
When cells proliferate, stress on DNA replication or exposure to endogenous or external insults frequently results in DNA damage. DNA-Damage Response (DDR) networks are complex signaling pathways used by multicellular organisms to prevent DNA damage. Depending on the type of broken DNA, the various pathways, Base-Excision Repair (BER), Nucleotide Excision Repair (NER), Mismatch Repair (MMR), Homologous Recombination (HR), Non-Homologous End-Joining (NHEJ), Interstrand Crosslink (ICL) repair, and other direct repair pathways, can be activated separately or in combination to repair DNA damage. To preserve homeostasis, innate and adaptive immune responses are effective defenses against endogenous mutation or invasion by external pathogens. It is interesting to note that new research keeps showing how closely DDR components and the immune system are related. DDR and immunological response are linked by immune effectors such as the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING) pathway. These effectors act as sensors of DNA damage-caused immune response. Furthermore, DDR components themselves function in immune responses to trigger the generation of inflammatory cytokines in a cascade or even trigger programmed cell death. Defective DDR components are known to disrupt genomic stability and compromise immunological responses, aggravating immune imbalance and leading to serious diseases such as cancer and autoimmune disorders. This study examines the most recent developments in the interaction between DDR elements and immunological responses. The DDR network's immune modulators' dual roles may offer new perspectives on treating infectious disorders linked to DNA damage, including cancer, and on the development of target immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Tong
- College of Life Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
- Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Jiangwei Song
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100089, China
| | - Wuchao Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071000, China
| | - Jingbo Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Zoonose Prevention and Control at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Medical College, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, 028000, China
| | - Qingli Guan
- The Affiliated Hospital of Chinese PLA 80th Group Army, Weifang, 261000, China
| | - Huiqing Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Gentao Liu
- Department of Oncology, Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University & Cancer Center, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 20000, China.
| | - Chunfu Zheng
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
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16
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Justice JL, Reed TJ, Phelan B, Greco TM, Hutton JE, Cristea IM. DNA-PK and ATM drive phosphorylation signatures that antagonistically regulate cytokine responses to herpesvirus infection or DNA damage. Cell Syst 2024; 15:339-361.e8. [PMID: 38593799 PMCID: PMC11098675 DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2024.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
The DNA-dependent protein kinase, DNA-PK, is an essential regulator of DNA damage repair. DNA-PK-driven phosphorylation events and the activated DNA damage response (DDR) pathways are also components of antiviral intrinsic and innate immune responses. Yet, it is not clear whether and how the DNA-PK response differs between these two forms of nucleic acid stress-DNA damage and DNA virus infection. Here, we define DNA-PK substrates and the signature cellular phosphoproteome response to DNA damage or infection with the nuclear-replicating DNA herpesvirus, HSV-1. We establish that DNA-PK negatively regulates the ataxia-telangiectasia-mutated (ATM) DDR kinase during viral infection. In turn, ATM blocks the binding of DNA-PK and the nuclear DNA sensor IFI16 to viral DNA, thereby inhibiting cytokine responses. However, following DNA damage, DNA-PK enhances ATM activity, which is required for IFN-β expression. These findings demonstrate that the DDR autoregulates cytokine expression through the opposing modulation of DDR kinases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua L Justice
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Washington Road, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Tavis J Reed
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Washington Road, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Brett Phelan
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Washington Road, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Todd M Greco
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Washington Road, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Josiah E Hutton
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Washington Road, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Ileana M Cristea
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Washington Road, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.
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17
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Zaid A, Ariel A. Harnessing anti-inflammatory pathways and macrophage nano delivery to treat inflammatory and fibrotic disorders. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 207:115204. [PMID: 38342241 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Targeting specific organs and cell types using nanotechnology and sophisticated delivery methods has been at the forefront of applicative biomedical sciences lately. Macrophages are an appealing target for immunomodulation by nanodelivery as they are heavily involved in various aspects of many diseases and are highly plastic in their nature. Their continuum of functional "polarization" states has been a research focus for many years yielding a profound understanding of various aspects of these cells. The ability of monocyte-derived macrophages to metamorphose from pro-inflammatory to reparative and consequently to pro-resolving effectors has raised significant interest in its therapeutic potential. Here, we briefly survey macrophages' ontogeny and various polarization phenotypes, highlighting their function in the inflammation-resolution shift. We review their inducing mediators, signaling pathways, and biological programs with emphasis on the nucleic acid sensing-IFN-I axis. We also portray the polarization spectrum of macrophages and the characteristics of their transition between different subtypes. Finally, we highlighted different current drug delivery methods for targeting macrophages with emphasis on nanotargeting that might lead to breakthroughs in the treatment of wound healing, bone regeneration, autoimmune, and fibrotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Zaid
- Department of Biology and Human Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa, 3498838 Israel
| | - Amiram Ariel
- Department of Biology and Human Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa, 3498838 Israel.
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18
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Zhou Y, Tian X, Wang S, Gao M, Zhang C, Ma J, Cheng X, Bai L, Qin HB, Luo MH, Qin Q, Jiang B, Lan K, Zhang J. Palmitoylation of KSHV pORF55 is required for Golgi localization and efficient progeny virion production. PLoS Pathog 2024; 20:e1012141. [PMID: 38626263 PMCID: PMC11051623 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1012141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is a double-stranded DNA virus etiologically associated with multiple malignancies. Both latency and sporadic lytic reactivation contribute to KSHV-associated malignancies, however, the specific roles of many KSHV lytic gene products in KSHV replication remain elusive. In this study, we report that ablation of ORF55, a late gene encoding a tegument protein, does not impact KSHV lytic reactivation but significantly reduces the production of progeny virions. We found that cysteine 10 and 11 (C10 and C11) of pORF55 are palmitoylated, and the palmytoilation is essential for its Golgi localization and secondary envelope formation. Palmitoylation-defective pORF55 mutants are unstable and undergo proteasomal degradation. Notably, introduction of a putative Golgi localization sequence to these palmitoylation-defective pORF55 mutants restores Golgi localization and fully reinstates KSHV progeny virion production. Together, our study provides new insight into the critical role of pORF55 palmitoylation in KSHV progeny virion production and offers potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of related malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaru Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Hubei Province Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuezhang Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shaowei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ming Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chuchu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiali Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xi Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, School of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hai-Bin Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Min-Hua Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qingsong Qin
- Laboratory of Human Virology and Oncology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Baishan Jiang
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ke Lan
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, School of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Junjie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Hubei Province Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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19
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Yang K, Jeltema D, Yan N. Innate immune sensing of macromolecule homeostasis. Adv Immunol 2024; 161:17-51. [PMID: 38763701 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ai.2024.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
The innate immune system uses a distinct set of germline-encoded pattern recognition receptors to recognize molecular patterns initially thought to be unique to microbial invaders, named pathogen-associated molecular patterns. The concept was later further developed to include similar molecular patterns originating from host cells during tissue damage, known as damage-associated molecular patterns. However, recent advances in the mechanism of monogenic inflammatory diseases have highlighted a much more expansive repertoire of cellular functions that are monitored by innate immunity. Here, we summarize several examples in which an innate immune response is triggered when homeostasis of macromolecule in the cell is disrupted in non-infectious or sterile settings. These ever-growing sensing mechanisms expand the repertoire of innate immune recognition, positioning it not only as a key player in host defense but also as a gatekeeper of cellular homeostasis. Therapeutics inspired by these advances to restore cellular homeostasis and correct the immune system could have far-reaching implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Yang
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Devon Jeltema
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Nan Yan
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States.
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20
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Koloski CW, Hurry G, Foley-Eby A, Adam H, Goldstein S, Zvionow P, Detmer SE, Voordouw MJ. Male C57BL/6J mice have higher presence and abundance of Borrelia burgdorferi in their ventral skin compared to female mice. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2024; 15:102308. [PMID: 38215632 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2024.102308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Borrelia burgdorferi is a tick-borne spirochete that causes Lyme disease in humans. The host immune system controls the abundance of the spirochete in the host tissues. Recent work with immunocompetent Mus musculus mice strain C3H/HeJ found that males had a higher tissue infection prevalence and spirochete load compared to females. The purpose of this study was to determine whether host sex and acquired immunity interact to influence the prevalence and abundance of spirochetes in the tissues of the commonly used mouse strain C57BL/6. Wildtype (WT) mice and their SCID counterparts (C57BL/6) were experimentally infected with B. burgdorferi via tick bite. Ear biopsies were sampled at weeks 4, 8, and 12 post-infection (PI) and five tissues (left ear, ventral skin, heart, tibiotarsal joint of left hind leg, and liver) were collected at necropsy (16 weeks PI). The mean spirochete load in the tissues of the SCID mice was 260.4x higher compared to the WT mice. In WT mice, the infection prevalence in the ventral skin was significantly higher in males (40.0 %) compared to females (0.0 %), and the spirochete load in the rear tibiotarsal joint was significantly higher (4.3x) in males compared to females. In SCID mice, the spirochete load in the ventral skin was 200.0x higher in males compared to females, but there were no significant sex-specific difference in spirochete load in the other tissues (left ear, heart, tibiotarsal joint, or liver). Thus, the absence of acquired immunity greatly amplified the spirochete load in the ventral skin of male mice. It is important to note that the observed sex-specific differences in laboratory mice cannot be extrapolated to humans. Future studies should investigate the mechanisms underlying the male bias in the abundance of B. burgdorferi in the mouse skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cody W Koloski
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Georgia Hurry
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Alexandra Foley-Eby
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Hesham Adam
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Savannah Goldstein
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Pini Zvionow
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Susan E Detmer
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Maarten J Voordouw
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.
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21
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Mecca M, Picerno S, Cortellino S. The Killer's Web: Interconnection between Inflammation, Epigenetics and Nutrition in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2750. [PMID: 38473997 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a key contributor to both the initiation and progression of tumors, and it can be triggered by genetic instability within tumors, as well as by lifestyle and dietary factors. The inflammatory response plays a critical role in the genetic and epigenetic reprogramming of tumor cells, as well as in the cells that comprise the tumor microenvironment. Cells in the microenvironment acquire a phenotype that promotes immune evasion, progression, and metastasis. We will review the mechanisms and pathways involved in the interaction between tumors, inflammation, and nutrition, the limitations of current therapies, and discuss potential future therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisabel Mecca
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico della Basilicata (IRCCS-CROB), 85028 Rionero in Vulture, PZ, Italy
| | - Simona Picerno
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico della Basilicata (IRCCS-CROB), 85028 Rionero in Vulture, PZ, Italy
| | - Salvatore Cortellino
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, Responsible Research Hospital, 86100 Campobasso, CB, Italy
- Scuola Superiore Meridionale (SSM), Clinical and Translational Oncology, 80138 Naples, NA, Italy
- S.H.R.O. Italia Foundation ETS, 10060 Candiolo, TO, Italy
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22
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Kaneko T, Ezra S, Abdo R, Voss C, Zhong S, Liu X, Hovey O, Slessarev M, Van Nynatten LR, Ye M, Fraser DD, Li SSC. Kinome and phosphoproteome reprogramming underlies the aberrant immune responses in critically ill COVID-19 patients. Clin Proteomics 2024; 21:13. [PMID: 38389037 PMCID: PMC10882830 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-024-09457-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infection triggers extensive host immune reactions, leading to severe diseases in certain individuals. However, the molecular basis underlying the excessive yet non-productive immune responses in severe COVID-19 remains incompletely understood. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) proteome and phosphoproteome in sepsis patients positive or negative for SARS-CoV-2 infection, as well as healthy subjects, using quantitative mass spectrometry. Our findings demonstrate dynamic changes in the COVID-19 PBMC proteome and phosphoproteome during disease progression, with distinctive protein or phosphoprotein signatures capable of distinguishing longitudinal disease states. Furthermore, SARS-CoV-2 infection induces a global reprogramming of the kinome and phosphoproteome, resulting in defective adaptive immune response mediated by the B and T lymphocytes, compromised innate immune responses involving the SIGLEC and SLAM family of immunoreceptors, and excessive cytokine-JAK-STAT signaling. In addition to uncovering host proteome and phosphoproteome aberrations caused by SARS-CoV-2, our work recapitulates several reported therapeutic targets for COVID-19 and identified numerous new candidates, including the kinases PKG1, CK2, ROCK1/2, GRK2, SYK, JAK2/3, TYK2, DNA-PK, PKCδ, and the cytokine IL-12.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomonori Kaneko
- Departments of Biochemistry, Western University, London, ON, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Sally Ezra
- Departments of Biochemistry, Western University, London, ON, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Rober Abdo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, Canada
| | - Courtney Voss
- Departments of Biochemistry, Western University, London, ON, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Shanshan Zhong
- Departments of Biochemistry, Western University, London, ON, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Xuguang Liu
- Departments of Biochemistry, Western University, London, ON, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Owen Hovey
- Departments of Biochemistry, Western University, London, ON, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Marat Slessarev
- Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, Western University, London, Canada
| | | | - Mingliang Ye
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, National Chromatographic R&A Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Douglas D Fraser
- Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, Western University, London, Canada
- Lawson Health Research Institute, 750 Base Line Rd E, London, ON, N6C 2R5, Canada
| | - Shawn Shun-Cheng Li
- Departments of Biochemistry, Western University, London, ON, N6A 5C1, Canada.
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23
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Hristova DB, Oliveira M, Wagner E, Melcher A, Harrington KJ, Belot A, Ferguson BJ. DNA-PKcs is required for cGAS/STING-dependent viral DNA sensing in human cells. iScience 2024; 27:108760. [PMID: 38269102 PMCID: PMC10805666 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
To mount an efficient interferon response to virus infection, intracellular pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) sense viral nucleic acids and activate anti-viral gene transcription. The mechanisms by which intracellular DNA and DNA viruses are sensed are relevant not only to anti-viral innate immunity, but also to autoinflammation and anti-tumour immunity through the initiation of sterile inflammation by self-DNA recognition. The PRRs that directly sense and respond to viral or damaged self-DNA function by signaling to activate interferon regulatory factor (IRF)-dependent type one interferon (IFN-I) transcription. We and others have previously defined DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) as an essential component of the DNA-dependent anti-viral innate immune system. Here, we show that DNA-PK is essential for cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)- and stimulator of interferon genes (STING)-dependent IFN-I responses in human cells during stimulation with exogenous DNA and infection with DNA viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayana B. Hristova
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QP, UK
| | - Marisa Oliveira
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QP, UK
| | - Emma Wagner
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QP, UK
| | - Alan Melcher
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, UK
| | | | - Alexandre Belot
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard, Lyon, France
| | - Brian J. Ferguson
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QP, UK
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24
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Guerrini-Rousseau L, Merlevede J, Denizeau P, Andreiuolo F, Varlet P, Puget S, Beccaria K, Blauwblomme T, Cabaret O, Hamzaoui N, Bourdeaut F, Faure-Conter C, Muleris M, Colas C, Adam de Beaumais T, Castel D, Rouleau E, Brugières L, Grill J, Debily MA. Glioma oncogenesis in the Constitutional mismatch repair deficiency (CMMRD) syndrome. Neurooncol Adv 2024; 6:vdae120. [PMID: 39233831 PMCID: PMC11372297 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdae120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Constitutional mismatch repair deficiency (CMMRD) is a cancer predisposition due to biallelic mutations in one of the mismatch repair (MMR) genes associated with early onset of cancers, especially high-grade gliomas. Our aim was to decipher the molecular specificities of these gliomas. Methods Clinical, histopathological, and whole exome sequencing data were analyzed in 12 children with genetically proven CMMRD and a high-grade glioma. Results PDL1 expression was present in immunohistochemistry in 50% of the samples. In 9 patients, the glioma harbored an ultra-hypermutated phenotype (104-635 coding single nucleotide variants (SNV) per Mb, median 204). Driver mutations in POLE and POLD1 exonuclease domains were described for 8 and 1 patients respectively and were always present in the mutation burst with the highest variant allele frequency (VAF). The mutational signatures were dominated by MMR-related ones and similar in the different mutation bursts of a same patient without subsequent enrichment of the mutation signatures with POL-driven ones. Median number of coding SNV with VAF above one of the driving polymerase mutation per Mb was 57 (17-191). Our findings suggest that somatic polymerase alterations does not entirely explain the ultra-hypermutant phenotype. SETD2, TP53, NF1, EPHB2, PRKDC, and DICER1 genes were frequently mutated with higher VAF than the deleterious somatic polymerase mutation. Conclusions CMMRD-associated gliomas have a specific oncogenesis that does not involve usual pathways and mutations seen in sporadic pediatric or adult glioblastomas. Frequent alterations in other pathways such as MAPK may suggest the use of other targeted therapies along with PD1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea Guerrini-Rousseau
- Department of Children and Adolescents Oncology, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Molecular Predictors and New Targets in Oncology, INSERM U981, Team "Genomics and Oncogenesis of pediatric Brain Tumors," Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Jane Merlevede
- Molecular Predictors and New Targets in Oncology, INSERM U981, Team "Genomics and Oncogenesis of pediatric Brain Tumors," Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Felipe Andreiuolo
- Neuropathology and INSERM UMR1266 IMA-Brain, GHU-Paris Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Sainte-Anne Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Pascale Varlet
- Neuropathology and INSERM UMR1266 IMA-Brain, GHU-Paris Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Sainte-Anne Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Stéphanie Puget
- Neurosurgery, Necker Hospital, Paris University, Paris, France
| | - Kevin Beccaria
- Neurosurgery, Necker Hospital, Paris University, Paris, France
| | | | - Odile Cabaret
- Department of Medical Genetics, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Nadim Hamzaoui
- Service de Génétique et Biologie Moléculaires, Hôpital Cochin, APHP Centre Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Inserm UMR_S1016, Institut Cochin, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Franck Bourdeaut
- Translational Research in Pediatric Oncology (RTOP), INSERM U830 Laboratory of Genetics and Biology of Cancers, SIREDO: Care, Innovation, and Research for Children, Adolescents and Young Adults with Cancer, Curie Institute, Paris University, Paris, France
| | - Cécile Faure-Conter
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Institute (IHOPE), Centre Leon Berard, Lyon, France
| | - Martine Muleris
- Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Chrystelle Colas
- Département de Génétique, Institut Curie, Université Paris Sciences Lettres, Paris, France
| | | | - David Castel
- Molecular Predictors and New Targets in Oncology, INSERM U981, Team "Genomics and Oncogenesis of pediatric Brain Tumors," Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Etienne Rouleau
- Department of Medical Genetics, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Laurence Brugières
- Department of Children and Adolescents Oncology, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Molecular Predictors and New Targets in Oncology, INSERM U981, Team "Genomics and Oncogenesis of pediatric Brain Tumors," Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Jacques Grill
- Department of Children and Adolescents Oncology, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Molecular Predictors and New Targets in Oncology, INSERM U981, Team "Genomics and Oncogenesis of pediatric Brain Tumors," Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Marie-Anne Debily
- Molecular Predictors and New Targets in Oncology, INSERM U981, Team "Genomics and Oncogenesis of pediatric Brain Tumors," Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Département de Biologie, Université Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, Evry, France
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25
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Ha CT, Tageldein MM, Harding SM. The entanglement of DNA damage and pattern recognition receptor signaling. DNA Repair (Amst) 2024; 133:103595. [PMID: 37988925 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2023.103595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Cells are under constant pressure to suppress DNA damage originating from both exogenous and endogenous sources. Cellular responses to DNA damage help to prevent mutagenesis and cell death that arises when DNA damage is either left unrepaired or repaired inaccurately. During the "acute phase" of DNA damage signaling, lesions are recognized, processed, and repaired to restore the primary DNA sequence whilst cell cycle checkpoints delay mitotic progression, cell death and the propagation of errors to daughter cells. Increasingly, there is recognition of a "chronic phase" of DNA damage signaling, exemplified by the secretion of dozens of cytokines days after the inciting damage event. In this review, we focus on the cellular origin of these chronic responses, the molecular pathways that control them and the increasing appreciation for the interconnection between acute and chronic DNA damage responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy T Ha
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Maha M Tageldein
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Shane M Harding
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; Departments of Radiation Oncology and Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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26
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Wang S, Tian X, Zhou Y, Xie J, Gao M, Zhong Y, Zhang C, Yu K, Bai L, Qin Q, Zhong B, Lin D, Feng P, Lan K, Zhang J. Non-canonical regulation of the reactivation of an oncogenic herpesvirus by the OTUD4-USP7 deubiquitinases. PLoS Pathog 2024; 20:e1011943. [PMID: 38215174 PMCID: PMC10810452 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Deubiquitinases (DUBs) remove ubiquitin from substrates and play crucial roles in diverse biological processes. However, our understanding of deubiquitination in viral replication remains limited. Employing an oncogenic human herpesvirus Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) to probe the role of protein deubiquitination, we found that Ovarian tumor family deubiquitinase 4 (OTUD4) promotes KSHV reactivation. OTUD4 interacts with the replication and transcription activator (K-RTA), a key transcription factor that controls KSHV reactivation, and enhances K-RTA stability by promoting its deubiquitination. Notably, the DUB activity of OTUD4 is not required for K-RTA stabilization; instead, OTUD4 functions as an adaptor protein to recruit another DUB, USP7, to deubiquitinate K-RTA and facilitate KSHV lytic reactivation. Our study has revealed a novel mechanism whereby KSHV hijacks OTUD4-USP7 deubiquitinases to promote lytic reactivation, which could be potentially harnessed for the development of new antiviral therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaowei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Hubei Province Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuezhang Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yaru Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ming Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yunhong Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chuchu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Keying Yu
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, School of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qingsong Qin
- Laboratory of Human Virology and Oncology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Bo Zhong
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Dandan Lin
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Pinghui Feng
- Section of Infection and Immunity, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Ke Lan
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, School of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Junjie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Hubei Province Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Miao Z, Li J, Wang Y, Shi M, Gu X, Zhang X, Wei F, Tang X, Zheng L, Xing Y. Hsa_circ_0136666 stimulates gastric cancer progression and tumor immune escape by regulating the miR-375/PRKDC Axis and PD-L1 phosphorylation. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:205. [PMID: 38093288 PMCID: PMC10718020 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01883-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Targeted drugs are not quite effective for prolonging the survival of patients with gastric cancer due to off-target effects as well as tumor immune escape mechanisms. Circular RNAs widely exist in tumor regions as biomarkers and can be developed as effective drug targets. METHODS Western blot, QRT-PCR, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and flow cytometry were used to investigate the function of hsa_circ_0136666 in promoting the proliferation of gastric cancer cells. Tissue immunofluorescence, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), as well as flow cytometric analysis, was conducted to explore the process of tumor immune evasion in tumor-bearing mice. The differences of circRNA expression in clinical samples were analyzed through tissue microarray FISH. The effect of siRNA on improving the efficacy of anti-PDL1 drugs and suppressing the immune microenvironment was evaluated by the coadministration model. RESULTS We demonstrated that hsa_circ_0136666 was widely and highly expressed in gastric cancer tissues and cells. Functionally, hsa_circ_0136666 promoted gastric cancer tumor proliferation and tumor microenvironment formation, leading to tumorigenesis immune escape, and this effect was dependent on CD8 + T cells. Mechanistically, we confirmed that hsa_circ_0136666 competitively upregulated PRKDC expression by sponging miR-375-3p, regulating immune checkpoint proteins, prompting phosphorylation of PD-L1 to preventing its degradation, driving PD-L1 aggregation and suppressing immune function, thereby impairing cancer immune responses. In terms of application, we found that LNP-siRNA effectively improved anti-PDL1 drug efficacy and inhibited immune escape. CONCLUSION Our results reveal an oncogenic role played by hsa_circ_0136666 in gastric cancer, driving PD-L1 phosphorylation via the miR-375/PRKDC signaling axis, prompting immune escape. This work proposes a completely new pathogenic mechanism of gastric cancer, uncovers a novel role for hsa_circ_0136666 as an immune target, and provides a rationale for enhancing the efficacy of anti-PD-L1 therapy for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyan Miao
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jifei Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
- Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingqin Shi
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Gu
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuanqi Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Wei
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinying Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China.
- Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lufeng Zheng
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yingying Xing
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China.
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Kong LZ, Kim SM, Wang C, Lee SY, Oh SC, Lee S, Jo S, Kim TD. Understanding nucleic acid sensing and its therapeutic applications. Exp Mol Med 2023; 55:2320-2331. [PMID: 37945923 PMCID: PMC10689850 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-01118-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleic acid sensing is involved in viral infections, immune response-related diseases, and therapeutics. Based on the composition of nucleic acids, nucleic acid sensors are defined as DNA or RNA sensors. Pathogen-associated nucleic acids are recognized by membrane-bound and intracellular receptors, known as pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), which induce innate immune-mediated antiviral responses. PRR activation is tightly regulated to eliminate infections and prevent abnormal or excessive immune responses. Nucleic acid sensing is an essential mechanism in tumor immunotherapy and gene therapies that target cancer and infectious diseases through genetically engineered immune cells or therapeutic nucleic acids. Nucleic acid sensing supports immune cells in priming desirable immune responses during tumor treatment. Recent studies have shown that nucleic acid sensing affects the efficiency of gene therapy by inhibiting translation. Suppression of innate immunity induced by nucleic acid sensing through small-molecule inhibitors, virus-derived proteins, and chemical modifications offers a potential therapeutic strategy. Herein, we review the mechanisms and regulation of nucleic acid sensing, specifically covering recent advances. Furthermore, we summarize and discuss recent research progress regarding the different effects of nucleic acid sensing on therapeutic efficacy. This study provides insights for the application of nucleic acid sensing in therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Zu Kong
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Min Kim
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Chunli Wang
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Yun Lee
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Chan Oh
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunyoung Lee
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea
| | - Seona Jo
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113, Korea
| | - Tae-Don Kim
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113, Korea.
- Biomedical Mathematics Group, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Convergence, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
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Tan J, Sun X, Zhao H, Guan H, Gao S, Zhou P. Double-strand DNA break repair: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e388. [PMID: 37808268 PMCID: PMC10556206 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Double-strand break (DSB), a significant DNA damage brought on by ionizing radiation, acts as an initiating signal in tumor radiotherapy, causing cancer cells death. The two primary pathways for DNA DSB repair in mammalian cells are nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) and homologous recombination (HR), which cooperate and compete with one another to achieve effective repair. The DSB repair mechanism depends on numerous regulatory variables. DSB recognition and the recruitment of DNA repair components, for instance, depend on the MRE11-RAD50-NBS1 (MRN) complex and the Ku70/80 heterodimer/DNA-PKcs (DNA-PK) complex, whose control is crucial in determining the DSB repair pathway choice and efficiency of HR and NHEJ. In-depth elucidation on the DSB repair pathway's molecular mechanisms has greatly facilitated for creation of repair proteins or pathways-specific inhibitors to advance precise cancer therapy and boost the effectiveness of cancer radiotherapy. The architectures, roles, molecular processes, and inhibitors of significant target proteins in the DSB repair pathways are reviewed in this article. The strategy and application in cancer therapy are also discussed based on the advancement of inhibitors targeted DSB damage response and repair proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinpeng Tan
- Hengyang Medical CollegeUniversity of South ChinaHengyangHunan ProvinceChina
- Department of Radiation BiologyBeijing Key Laboratory for RadiobiologyBeijing Institute of Radiation MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Xingyao Sun
- Hengyang Medical CollegeUniversity of South ChinaHengyangHunan ProvinceChina
- Department of Radiation BiologyBeijing Key Laboratory for RadiobiologyBeijing Institute of Radiation MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Hongling Zhao
- Department of Radiation BiologyBeijing Key Laboratory for RadiobiologyBeijing Institute of Radiation MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Hua Guan
- Department of Radiation BiologyBeijing Key Laboratory for RadiobiologyBeijing Institute of Radiation MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Shanshan Gao
- Department of Radiation BiologyBeijing Key Laboratory for RadiobiologyBeijing Institute of Radiation MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Ping‐Kun Zhou
- Hengyang Medical CollegeUniversity of South ChinaHengyangHunan ProvinceChina
- Department of Radiation BiologyBeijing Key Laboratory for RadiobiologyBeijing Institute of Radiation MedicineBeijingChina
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30
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Xu Y, Hou G, Liu Q, Zhang Q, Li C, Hu L, Chen X, Chen R, Ding C, Li D, Li J. Helicase-independent function of RIG-I against murine gammaherpesvirus 68 via blocking the nuclear translocation of viral proteins. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 250:126527. [PMID: 37633553 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Innate immunity is the first line of defense against viral pathogens. Retinoic Acid-Inducible Gene 1 (RIG-I) is a pattern recognition receptor that recognizes virus-associated double-stranded RNA and initiates the interferon responses. Besides signal transduction, RIG-I exerts direct antiviral functions to displace viral proteins on dsRNA via its Helicase activity. Nevertheless, this effector-like activity of RIG-I against herpesviruses remains largely unexplored. It has been previously reported that herpesviruses deamidate RIG-I, resulting in the abolishment of its Helicase activity and signal transduction. In this study, we discovered that RIG-I possessed signaling-independent antiviral activities against murine gamma herpesviruses 68 (γHV68, murid herpesvirus 4). Importantly, a Helicase-dead mutant of RIG-I (K270A) demonstrated comparable inhibition on herpesviruses lytic replication, indicating that this antiviral activity is Helicase-independent. Mechanistically, RIG-I bound the Replication and Transcription Activator (RTA) and diminished its nuclear localization to repress viral transcription. We further demonstrated that RIG-I blocked the nuclear translocation of ORF21 (Thymidine Kinase), ORF75c (vGAT), both of which form a nuclear complex with RTA and RNA polymerase II (Pol II) to facilitate viral transcription. Moreover, RIG-I retained ORF59 (DNA processivity factor) in the cytoplasm to repress viral DNA replication. Altogether, we illuminated a previously unidentified, Helicase-independent effector-like function of RIG-I against γHV68, representing an exquisite host strategy to counteract viral manipulations on innate immune signaling. IMPORTANCE: Retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I), a member of DExD/H box RNA helicase family, functions as a key pattern recognition receptor (PRR) responsible for the detection of intracellular double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) from virus-infected cells and induction of type I interferon (IFN) responses. Nevertheless, our understanding of the helicase-independent effector-like activity of RIG-I against virus infection, especially herpesvirus infection, remains largely unknown. Herein, by deploying murine gamma herpesviruses 68 (γHV68) as a model system, we demonstrated that RIG-I possessed an interferon and helicase-independent antiviral activity against γHV68 via blocking the nuclear trafficking of viral proteins, which concomitantly repressed the viral early transcription and genome replication thereof. Our work illuminates a previously unidentified antiviral strategy of RIG-I against herpesvirus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Guoli Hou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Qizhi Liu
- Department of Surgery, Samuel Oschin Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Qiushi Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Chun Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Liang Hu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Xiaoying Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Rui Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Chengming Ding
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Deliang Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
| | - Junhua Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
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31
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Sakai C, Ueda K, Goda K, Fujita R, Maeda J, Nakayama S, Sotomaru Y, Tashiro S, Yoshizumi M, Ishida T, Ishida M. A possible role for proinflammatory activation via cGAS-STING pathway in atherosclerosis induced by accumulation of DNA double-strand breaks. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16470. [PMID: 37777633 PMCID: PMC10542807 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43848-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA damage contributes to atherosclerosis. However, causative links between DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) and atherosclerosis have yet to be established. Here, we investigated the role of DSBs in atherosclerosis using mice and vascular cells deficient in Ku80, a DSB repair protein. After 4 weeks of a high-fat diet, Ku80-deficient apolipoprotein E knockout mice (Ku80+/-ApoE-/-) displayed increased plaque size and DSBs in the aorta compared to those of ApoE-/- control. In the preatherosclerotic stages (two-week high-fat diet), the plaque size was similar in both the Ku80+/-ApoE-/- and ApoE-/- control mice, but the number of DSBs and mRNA levels of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 and MCP-1 were significantly increased in the Ku80+/-ApoE-/- aortas. We further investigated molecular links between DSBs and inflammatory responses using vascular smooth muscle cells isolated from Ku80 wild-type and Ku80+/- mice. The Ku80+/- cells displayed senescent features and elevated levels of inflammatory cytokine mRNAs. Moreover, the cytosolic DNA-sensing cGAS-STING pathway was activated in the Ku80+/- cells. Inhibiting the cGAS-STING pathway reduced IL-6 mRNA level. Notably, interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3), a downstream effector of the cGAS-STING pathway, was activated, and the depletion of IRF3 also reduced IL-6 mRNA levels in the Ku80+/- cells. Finally, DSBs accumulation in normal cells also activated the cGAS-STING-IRF3 pathway. In addition, cGAS inhibition attenuated DNA damage-induced IL-6 expression and cellular senescence in these cells. These results suggest that DSBs accumulation promoted atherosclerosis by upregulating proinflammatory responses and cellular senescence via the cGAS-STING (-IRF3) pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiemi Sakai
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology and Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Keitaro Ueda
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology and Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Kohei Goda
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology and Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Rikuto Fujita
- National Hospital Organization, Higashihiroshima Medical Center, Hiroshima City, Japan
| | - Junji Maeda
- Department of Cardiology, Tsuchiya General Hospital, Hiroshima City, Japan
| | - Shinya Nakayama
- Department of Cellular Biology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima City, Japan
| | - Yusuke Sotomaru
- Natural Science Center for Basic Research and Development, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima City, Japan
| | - Satoshi Tashiro
- Department of Cellular Biology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima City, Japan
| | - Masao Yoshizumi
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology and Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Takafumi Ishida
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Mari Ishida
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology and Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.
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32
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Zhang L, Jiang C, Zhong Y, Sun K, Jing H, Song J, Xie J, Zhou Y, Tian M, Zhang C, Sun X, Wang S, Cheng X, Zhang Y, Wei W, Li X, Fu B, Feng P, Wu B, Shu HB, Zhang J. STING is a cell-intrinsic metabolic checkpoint restricting aerobic glycolysis by targeting HK2. Nat Cell Biol 2023; 25:1208-1222. [PMID: 37443289 PMCID: PMC11232535 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-023-01185-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Evasion of antitumour immunity is a hallmark of cancer. STING, a putative innate immune signalling adaptor, has a pivotal role in mounting antitumour immunity by coordinating innate sensing and adaptive immune surveillance in myeloid cells. STING is markedly silenced in various human malignancies and acts as a cell-intrinsic tumour suppressor. How STING exerts intrinsic antitumour activity remains unclear. Here, we report that STING restricts aerobic glycolysis independent of its innate immune function. Mechanistically, STING targets hexokinase II (HK2) to block its hexokinase activity. As such, STING inhibits HK2 to restrict tumour aerobic glycolysis and promote antitumour immunity in vivo. In human colorectal carcinoma samples, lactate, which can be used as a surrogate for aerobic glycolysis, is negatively correlated with STING expression level and antitumour immunity. Taken together, this study reveals that STING functions as a cell-intrinsic metabolic checkpoint that restricts aerobic glycolysis to promote antitumour immunity. These findings have important implications for the development of STING-based therapeutic modalities to improve antitumour immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liting Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Wuhan Research Center for Infectious Diseases and Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Congqing Jiang
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yunhong Zhong
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Kongliang Sun
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huiru Jing
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiayu Song
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Xie
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yaru Zhou
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mao Tian
- Section of Infection and Immunity, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Chuchu Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaona Sun
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shaowei Wang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xi Cheng
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuelan Zhang
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Brain Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Brain Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bishi Fu
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Pinghui Feng
- Section of Infection and Immunity, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Bing Wu
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong-Bing Shu
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Junjie Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
- Wuhan Research Center for Infectious Diseases and Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China.
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Liu X, Cen X, Wu R, Chen Z, Xie Y, Wang F, Shan B, Zeng L, Zhou J, Xie B, Cai Y, Huang J, Liang Y, Wu Y, Zhang C, Wang D, Xia H. ARIH1 activates STING-mediated T-cell activation and sensitizes tumors to immune checkpoint blockade. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4066. [PMID: 37429863 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39920-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite advances in cancer treatment, immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) only achieves complete response in some patients, illustrating the need to identify resistance mechanisms. Using an ICB-insensitive tumor model, here we discover cisplatin enhances the anti-tumor effect of PD-L1 blockade and upregulates the expression of Ariadne RBR E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase 1 (ARIH1) in tumors. Arih1 overexpression promotes cytotoxic T cell infiltration, inhibits tumor growth, and potentiates PD-L1 blockade. ARIH1 mediates ubiquitination and degradation of DNA-PKcs to trigger activation of the STING pathway, which is blocked by the phospho-mimetic mutant T68E/S213D of cGAS protein. Using a high-throughput drug screen, we further identify that ACY738, less cytotoxic than cisplatin, effectively upregulates ARIH1 and activates STING signaling, sensitizing tumors to PD-L1 blockade. Our findings delineate a mechanism that tumors mediate ICB resistance through the loss of ARIH1 and ARIH1-DNA-PKcs-STING signaling and indicate that activating ARIH1 is an effective strategy to improve the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolan Liu
- Department of Biochemistry & Research Center of Clinical Pharmacy of The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xufeng Cen
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, 1369 West Wenyi Road, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Ronghai Wu
- Hangzhou PhecdaMed Co.Ltd, 2626 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Ziyan Chen
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Yanqi Xie
- Department of Urology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Fengqi Wang
- Department of Biochemistry & Research Center of Clinical Pharmacy of The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Bing Shan
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Linghui Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, 50# Huzhou Rd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jichun Zhou
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310000, China
| | - Bojian Xie
- Affiliated Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, 318000, China
| | - Yangjun Cai
- Affiliated Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, 318000, China
| | - Jinyan Huang
- Biomedical big data center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Yingjiqiong Liang
- Biomedical big data center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Youqian Wu
- International Institutes of Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Anatomy and Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
| | - Dongrui Wang
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, 1369 West Wenyi Road, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Hongguang Xia
- Department of Biochemistry & Research Center of Clinical Pharmacy of The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, 1369 West Wenyi Road, Hangzhou, 311121, China.
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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Klapp V, Álvarez-Abril B, Leuzzi G, Kroemer G, Ciccia A, Galluzzi L. The DNA Damage Response and Inflammation in Cancer. Cancer Discov 2023; 13:1521-1545. [PMID: 37026695 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-22-1220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Genomic stability in normal cells is crucial to avoid oncogenesis. Accordingly, multiple components of the DNA damage response (DDR) operate as bona fide tumor suppressor proteins by preserving genomic stability, eliciting the demise of cells with unrepairable DNA lesions, and engaging cell-extrinsic oncosuppression via immunosurveillance. That said, DDR sig-naling can also favor tumor progression and resistance to therapy. Indeed, DDR signaling in cancer cells has been consistently linked to the inhibition of tumor-targeting immune responses. Here, we discuss the complex interactions between the DDR and inflammation in the context of oncogenesis, tumor progression, and response to therapy. SIGNIFICANCE Accumulating preclinical and clinical evidence indicates that DDR is intimately connected to the emission of immunomodulatory signals by normal and malignant cells, as part of a cell-extrinsic program to preserve organismal homeostasis. DDR-driven inflammation, however, can have diametrically opposed effects on tumor-targeting immunity. Understanding the links between the DDR and inflammation in normal and malignant cells may unlock novel immunotherapeutic paradigms to treat cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Klapp
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
- Tumor Stroma Interactions, Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
- Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Beatriz Álvarez-Abril
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer, Murcia, Spain
| | - Giuseppe Leuzzi
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le Cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Institut du Cancer Paris CARPEM, Department of Biology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Alberto Ciccia
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, New York, New York
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Wang S, Wu ZZ, Zhu SW, Wan SC, Zhang MJ, Zhang BX, Yang QC, Xiao Y, Li H, Mao L, Wang ZY, Gutkind JS, Sun ZJ. CTLA-4 blockade induces tumor pyroptosis via CD8 + T cells in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Mol Ther 2023; 31:2154-2168. [PMID: 36869589 PMCID: PMC10362385 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2023.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) treatment has demonstrated excellent medical effects in oncology, and it is one of the most sought after immunotherapies for tumors. However, there are several issues with ICB therapy, including low response rates and a lack of effective efficacy predictors. Gasdermin-mediated pyroptosis is a typical inflammatory death mode. We discovered that increased expression of gasdermin protein was linked to a favorable tumor immune microenvironment and prognosis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). We used the mouse HNSCC cell lines 4MOSC1 (responsive to CTLA-4 blockade) and 4MOSC2 (resistant to CTLA-4 blockade) orthotopic models and demonstrated that CTLA-4 blockade treatment induced gasdermin-mediated pyroptosis of tumor cells, and gasdermin expression positively correlated to the effectiveness of CTLA-4 blockade treatment. We found that CTLA-4 blockade activated CD8+ T cells and increased the levels of interferon γ (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) cytokines in the tumor microenvironment. These cytokines synergistically activated the STAT1/IRF1 axis to trigger tumor cell pyroptosis and the release of large amounts of inflammatory substances and chemokines. Collectively, our findings revealed that CTLA-4 blockade triggered tumor cells pyroptosis via the release of IFN-γ and TNF-α from activated CD8+ T cells, providing a new perspective of ICB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Wang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhi-Zhong Wu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Su-Wen Zhu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Shu-Cheng Wan
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Meng-Jie Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Bo-Xin Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Qi-Chao Yang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yao Xiao
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Hao Li
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Liang Mao
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Wang
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - J Silvio Gutkind
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Zhi-Jun Sun
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China.
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36
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Kornepati AVR, Rogers CM, Sung P, Curiel TJ. The complementarity of DDR, nucleic acids and anti-tumour immunity. Nature 2023; 619:475-486. [PMID: 37468584 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06069-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) immunotherapy is a first-line treatment for selected cancers, yet the mechanisms of its efficacy remain incompletely understood. Furthermore, only a minority of patients with cancer benefit from ICB, and there is a lack of fully informative treatment response biomarkers. Selectively exploiting defects in DNA damage repair is also a standard treatment for cancer, spurred by enhanced understanding of the DNA damage response (DDR). DDR and ICB are closely linked-faulty DDR produces immunogenic cancer neoantigens that can increase the efficacy of ICB therapy, and tumour mutational burden is a good but imperfect biomarker for the response to ICB. DDR studies in ICB efficacy initially focused on contributions to neoantigen burden. However, a growing body of evidence suggests that ICB efficacy is complicated by the immunogenic effects of nucleic acids generated from exogenous DNA damage or endogenous processes such as DNA replication. Chemotherapy, radiation, or selective DDR inhibitors (such as PARP inhibitors) can generate aberrant nucleic acids to induce tumour immunogenicity independently of neoantigens. Independent of their functions in immunity, targets of immunotherapy such as cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) or PD-L1 can crosstalk with DDR or the DNA repair machinery to influence the response to DNA-damaging agents. Here we review the rapidly evolving, multifaceted interfaces between DDR, nucleic acid immunogenicity and immunotherapy efficacy, focusing on ICB. Understanding these interrelated processes could explain ICB treatment failures and reveal novel exploitable therapeutic vulnerabilities in cancers. We conclude by addressing major unanswered questions and new research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand V R Kornepati
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Cody M Rogers
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Patrick Sung
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health, San Antonio, TX, USA
- University of Texas Health San Antonio MD Anderson Cancer Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Tyler J Curiel
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health, San Antonio, TX, USA.
- University of Texas Health San Antonio MD Anderson Cancer Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health, San Antonio, TX, USA.
- Dartmouth Health, Dartmouth Cancer Center and the Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA.
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Zhao L, Yuan H, Wang Y, Geng Y, Yun H, Zheng W, Yuan Y, Lv P, Hou C, Zhang H, Sun J, Sun L, Suo Y, Wang S, Zhang N, Lu W, Yang G, Zhang X. HBV confers innate immune evasion through triggering HAT1/acetylation of H4K5/H4K12/miR-181a-5p or KPNA2/cGAS-STING/IFN-I signaling. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e28966. [PMID: 37466313 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Viral immune evasion is crucial to the pathogenesis of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. However, the role of HBV in the modulation of innate immune evasion is poorly understood. A liver-specific histone acetyltransferase 1 (Hat1) knockout (KO) mouse model and HAT1 KO cell line were established. Immunohistochemistry staining, Western blot analysis, Southern blot analysis, Northern blot analysis, immunofluorescence assays, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays were performed in the livers of mouse models, primary human hepatocytes, HepG2-NTCP, and Huh7 and HepG2 cell lines. HBV-elevated HAT1 increased the expression of miR-181a-5p targeting cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) messenger RNA 3' untranslated regions through modulating acetylation of H4K5 and H4K12 in vitro and in vivo, leading to the inability of cGAS-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway and type I interferon (IFN-I) signaling. Additionally, HBV-elevated HAT1 promoted the expression of KPNA2 through modulating acetylation of H4K5 and H4K12 in the system, resulting in nuclear translocation of cGAS, HBx was responsible for the events by HAT1, suggesting that HBV-elevated HAT1 controls the cGAS-STING pathway and IFN-I signaling to modulate viral innate immune evasion. HBV confers innate immune evasion through triggering HAT1/acetylation of H4K5/H4K12/miR-181a-5p or KPNA2/cGAS-STING/IFN-I signaling. Our finding provides new insights into the mechanism by which HBV drives viral innate immune evasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Zhao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, National Key Laboratory of Druggability Evaluation and Systematic Translational Medicine, Tianjin Cancer Institute, Liver Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongfeng Yuan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, National Key Laboratory of Druggability Evaluation and Systematic Translational Medicine, Tianjin Cancer Institute, Liver Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Yufei Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, National Key Laboratory of Druggability Evaluation and Systematic Translational Medicine, Tianjin Cancer Institute, Liver Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu Geng
- Department of Cancer Research, Institute of Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Haolin Yun
- Department of Cancer Research, Institute of Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- Department of Cancer Research, Institute of Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ying Yuan
- Department of Cancer Research, Institute of Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Pan Lv
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, National Key Laboratory of Druggability Evaluation and Systematic Translational Medicine, Tianjin Cancer Institute, Liver Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Chunyu Hou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, National Key Laboratory of Druggability Evaluation and Systematic Translational Medicine, Tianjin Cancer Institute, Liver Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Huihui Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, National Key Laboratory of Druggability Evaluation and Systematic Translational Medicine, Tianjin Cancer Institute, Liver Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiao Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Liver Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Linlin Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Liver Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuhong Suo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Liver Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Liver Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ningning Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Liver Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Lu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Liver Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, National Key Laboratory of Druggability Evaluation and Systematic Translational Medicine, Tianjin Cancer Institute, Liver Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, National Key Laboratory of Druggability Evaluation and Systematic Translational Medicine, Tianjin Cancer Institute, Liver Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer, Tianjin, China
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Xie J, Wang S, Zhong Y, Gao M, Tian X, Zhang L, Pan D, Qin Q, Wu B, Lan K, Sun ZJ, Zhang J. Oncolytic herpes simplex virus armed with a bacterial GBP1 degrader improves antitumor activity. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2023; 29:61-76. [PMID: 37223114 PMCID: PMC10200819 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2023.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic viruses (OVs) encoding various transgenes are being evaluated for cancer immunotherapy. Diverse factors such as cytokines, immune checkpoint inhibitors, tumor-associated antigens, and T cell engagers have been exploited as transgenes. These modifications are primarily aimed to reverse the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. By contrast, antiviral restriction factors that inhibit the replication of OVs and result in suboptimal oncolytic activity have received far less attention. Here, we report that guanylate-binding protein 1 (GBP1) is potently induced during HSV-1 infection and restricts HSV-1 replication. Mechanistically, GBP1 remodels cytoskeletal organization to impede nuclear entry of HSV-1 genome. Previous studies have established that IpaH9.8, a bacterial E3 ubiquitin ligase, targets GBPs for proteasomal degradation. We therefore engineered an oncolytic HSV-1 to express IpaH9.8 and found that the modified OV effectively antagonized GBP1, replicated to a higher titer in vitro and showed superior antitumor activity in vivo. Our study features a strategy for improving the replication of OVs via targeting a restriction factor and achieving promising therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xie
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Shaowei Wang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yunhong Zhong
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Ming Gao
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xuezhang Tian
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Liting Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Dongli Pan
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qingsong Qin
- Laboratory of Human Virology and Oncology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Bing Wu
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Ke Lan
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, School of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Sun
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Junjie Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
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Coderch C, Arranz-Herrero J, Nistal-Villan E, de Pascual-Teresa B, Rius-Rocabert S. The Many Ways to Deal with STING. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24109032. [PMID: 37240378 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24109032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is an adaptor protein involved in the activation of IFN-β and many other genes associated with the immune response activation in vertebrates. STING induction has gained attention from different angles such as the potential to trigger an early immune response against different signs of infection and cell damage, or to be used as an adjuvant in cancer immune treatments. Pharmacological control of aberrant STING activation can be used to mitigate the pathology of some autoimmune diseases. The STING structure has a well-defined ligand binding site that can harbor natural ligands such as specific purine cyclic di-nucleotides (CDN). In addition to a canonical stimulation by CDNs, other non-canonical stimuli have also been described, whose exact mechanism has not been well defined. Understanding the molecular insights underlying the activation of STING is important to realize the different angles that need to be considered when designing new STING-binding molecules as therapeutic drugs since STING acts as a versatile platform for immune modulators. This review analyzes the different determinants of STING regulation from the structural, molecular, and cell biology points of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Coderch
- Departamento de Química y Bioquímica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28668 Boadilla del Monte, Spain
| | - Javier Arranz-Herrero
- Transplant Immunology Unit, National Center of Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220 Majadahonda, Spain
- Departamento CC, Farmacéuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28668 Boadilla del Monte, Spain
- Institute of Applied Molecular Medicine (IMMA), Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28668 Boadilla del Monte, Spain
| | - Estanislao Nistal-Villan
- Departamento CC, Farmacéuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28668 Boadilla del Monte, Spain
- Institute of Applied Molecular Medicine (IMMA), Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28668 Boadilla del Monte, Spain
| | - Beatriz de Pascual-Teresa
- Departamento de Química y Bioquímica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28668 Boadilla del Monte, Spain
| | - Sergio Rius-Rocabert
- Departamento CC, Farmacéuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28668 Boadilla del Monte, Spain
- Institute of Applied Molecular Medicine (IMMA), Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28668 Boadilla del Monte, Spain
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40
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Antiochos B, Casciola-Rosen L. Interferon and autoantigens: intersection in autoimmunity. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1165225. [PMID: 37228405 PMCID: PMC10203243 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1165225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Interferon (IFN) is a key component of the innate immune response. For reasons that remain incompletely understood, the IFN system is upregulated in several rheumatic diseases, particularly those that feature autoantibody production, such as SLE, Sjögren's syndrome, myositis and systemic sclerosis. Interestingly, many of the autoantigens targeted in these diseases are components of the IFN system, representing IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs), pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), and modulators of the IFN response. In this review, we describe features of these IFN-linked proteins that may underlie their status as autoantigens. Note is also made of anti-IFN autoantibodies that have been described in immunodeficiency states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan Antiochos
- Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
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41
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Lee YR, Kang GS, Oh T, Jo HJ, Park HJ, Ahn GO. DNA-Dependent Protein Kinase Catalytic Subunit (DNA-PKcs): Beyond the DNA Double-Strand Break Repair. Mol Cells 2023; 46:200-205. [PMID: 36756777 PMCID: PMC10086554 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2023.2164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs), a member of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase related kinase family is a well-known player in repairing DNA double strand break through non-homologous end joining pathway. This mechanism has allowed us to understand its critical role in T and B cell development through V(D)J recombination and class switch recombination, respectively. We have also learned that the defects in these mechanisms lead to severely combined immunodeficiency (SCID). Here we highlight some of the latest evidence where DNA-PKcs has been shown to localize not only in the nucleus but also in the cytoplasm, phosphorylating various proteins involved in cellular metabolism and cytokine production. While it is an exciting time to unveil novel functions of DNA-PKcs, one should carefully choose experimental models to study DNA-PKcs as the experimental evidence has been shown to differ between cells of defective DNA-PKcs and those of DNA-PKcs knockout. Moreover, while there are several DNA-PK inhibitors currently being evaluated in the clinical trials in attempt to increase the efficacy of radiotherapy or chemotherapy, multiple functions and subcellular localization of DNA-PKcs in various types of cells may further complicate the effects at the cellular and organismal level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye-Rim Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Gi-Sue Kang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Taerim Oh
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Hye-Ju Jo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Hye-Joon Park
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - G-One Ahn
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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Tian X, Zhou Y, Wang S, Gao M, Xia Y, Li Y, Zhong Y, Xu W, Bai L, Fu B, Zhou Y, Lee HR, Deng H, Lan K, Feng P, Zhang J. Genome-Wide CRISPR-Cas9 Screen Identifies SMCHD1 as a Restriction Factor for Herpesviruses. mBio 2023; 14:e0054923. [PMID: 37010434 PMCID: PMC10128004 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00549-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Intrinsic immunity is the frontline of host defense against invading pathogens. To combat viral infection, mammalian hosts deploy cell-intrinsic effectors to block viral replication prior to the onset of innate and adaptive immunity. In this study, SMCHD1 is identified as a pivotal cellular factor that restricts Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) lytic reactivation through a genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screen. Genome-wide chromatin profiling revealed that SMCHD1 associates with the KSHV genome, most prominently the origin of lytic DNA replication (ORI-Lyt). SMCHD1 mutants defective in DNA binding could not bind ORI-Lyt and failed to restrict KSHV lytic replication. Moreover, SMCHD1 functioned as a pan-herpesvirus restriction factor that potently suppressed a wide range of herpesviruses, including alpha, beta, and gamma subfamilies. SMCHD1 deficiency facilitated the replication of a murine herpesvirus in vivo. These findings uncovered SMCHD1 as a restriction factor against herpesviruses, and this could be harnessed for the development of antiviral therapies to limit viral infection. IMPORTANCE Intrinsic immunity represents the frontline of host defense against invading pathogens. However, our understanding of cell-intrinsic antiviral effectors remains limited. In this study, we identified SMCHD1 as a cell-intrinsic restriction factor that controlled KSHV lytic reactivation. Moreover, SMCHD1 restricted the replication of a wide range of herpesviruses by targeting the origins of viral DNA replication (ORIs), and SMCHD1 deficiency facilitated the replication of a murine herpesvirus in vivo. This study helps us to better understand intrinsic antiviral immunity, which may be harnessed to develop new therapeutics for the treatment of herpesvirus infection and the related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuezhang Tian
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Wuhan Research Center for Infectious Diseases and Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yaru Zhou
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shaowei Wang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ming Gao
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanlin Xia
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yangyang Li
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, School of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yunhong Zhong
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenhao Xu
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Bai
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, School of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bishi Fu
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, School of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hye-Ra Lee
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, College of Science and Technology, Korea University, Sejong, South Korea
- Department of Lab Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hongyu Deng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ke Lan
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, School of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Pinghui Feng
- Section of Infection and Immunity, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Junjie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Wuhan Research Center for Infectious Diseases and Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
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Lv L, Chai L, Wang J, Wang M, Qin D, Song H, Fu Y, Zhao C, Jia J, Zhao W, Jia M. Selenoprotein K enhances STING oligomerization to facilitate antiviral response. PLoS Pathog 2023; 19:e1011314. [PMID: 37023217 PMCID: PMC10112805 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Stimulator-of-interferon gene (STING) is a vital element of the innate immune system against DNA viruses. Optimal activation of STING is crucial for maintaining immune homeostasis and eliminating invading viruses, and the oligomerization of STING is an essential prerequisite for STING activation. However, the mechanism of cGAMP-induced STING oligomerization in ER remains unclear. Selenoproteins are crucial for various physiological processes. Here, we identified that the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-located transmembrane selenoprotein K (SELENOK) was induced during virus infection and facilitated innate immune responses against herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1). Mechanistically, SELENOK interacts with STING in the ER and promotes STING oligomerization, which in turn promotes its translocation from the ER to the Golgi. Consequently, Selenok deficiency suppresses STING-dependent innate responses and facilitates viral replication in vivo. Thus, the control of STING activation by selenium-mediated SELENOK expression will be a priming therapeutic strategy for the treatment of STING-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Lv
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Chinese Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Li Chai
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Chinese Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Chinese Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Mengge Wang
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Chinese Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Danhui Qin
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Chinese Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Hui Song
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Chinese Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yue Fu
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Chinese Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Physiology & Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chunyuan Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Chinese Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jihui Jia
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Chinese Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Chinese Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Mutian Jia
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Chinese Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Constanzo J, Bouden Y, Godry L, Kotzki PO, Deshayes E, Pouget JP. Immunomodulatory effects of targeted radionuclide therapy. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 378:105-136. [PMID: 37438015 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2023.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
It is now clear that conventional radiation therapy can reinstate cell death immunogenicity. Recent preclinical data indicate that targeted radionuclide therapy that irradiate tumors at continuous low dose rate also can elicit immunostimulatory effects and represents a promising strategy to circumvent immune checkpoint inhibitor resistance. In this perspective, we discuss the accumulating preclinical and clinical data suggesting that activation of the immune system through the cGAS-STING axis and the release of extracellular vesicles by irradiated cells, participate to this antitumor immunity. This should need to be considered for adapting clinical practices to state of the art of the radiobiology and to increase targeted radionuclide therapy effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Constanzo
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, Nuclear Medicine Department, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), Montpellier, France.
| | - Y Bouden
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, Nuclear Medicine Department, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), Montpellier, France
| | - L Godry
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, Nuclear Medicine Department, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), Montpellier, France
| | - P-O Kotzki
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, Nuclear Medicine Department, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), Montpellier, France
| | - E Deshayes
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, Nuclear Medicine Department, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), Montpellier, France
| | - J-P Pouget
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, Nuclear Medicine Department, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), Montpellier, France
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45
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Kim J, Kim HS, Chung JH. Molecular mechanisms of mitochondrial DNA release and activation of the cGAS-STING pathway. Exp Mol Med 2023; 55:510-519. [PMID: 36964253 PMCID: PMC10037406 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-00965-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 03/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In addition to constituting the genetic material of an organism, DNA is a tracer for the recognition of foreign pathogens and a trigger of the innate immune system. cGAS functions as a sensor of double-stranded DNA fragments and initiates an immune response via the adaptor protein STING. The cGAS-STING pathway not only defends cells against various DNA-containing pathogens but also modulates many pathological processes caused by the immune response to the ectopic localization of self-DNA, such as cytosolic mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and extranuclear chromatin. In addition, macrophages can cause inflammation by forming a class of protein complexes called inflammasomes, and the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome requires the release of oxidized mtDNA. In innate immunity related to inflammasomes, mtDNA release is mediated by macropores that are formed on the outer membrane of mitochondria via VDAC oligomerization. These macropores are specifically formed in response to mitochondrial stress and tissue damage, and the inhibition of VDAC oligomerization mitigates this inflammatory response. The rapidly expanding area of research on the mechanisms by which mtDNA is released and triggers inflammation has revealed new treatment strategies not only for inflammation but also, surprisingly, for neurodegenerative diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeonghan Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, 06591, South Korea.
| | - Ho-Shik Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, 06591, South Korea
| | - Jay H Chung
- Laboratory of Obesity and Aging Research, Cardiovascular Branch, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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Zhang J, Zhou EC, He Y, Chai ZL, Ji BZ, Tu Y, Wang HL, Wu WQ, Liu Y, Zhang XH, Liu Y. ZYG11B potentiates the antiviral innate immune response by enhancing cGAS-DNA binding and condensation. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112278. [PMID: 36933219 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
As a key dsDNA recognition receptor, cyclic guanosine monophosphate (GMP)-AMP synthase (cGAS) plays a vital role in innate immune responses. Activated cGAS, by sensing DNA, catalyzes the synthesis of the secondary messenger cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP), which subsequently activates downstream signaling to induce production of interferons and inflammatory cytokines. Here, we report Zyg-11 family member B (ZYG11B) as a potent amplifier in cGAS-mediated immune responses. Knockdown of ZYG11B impairs production of cGAMP and subsequent transcription of interferon and inflammatory cytokines. Mechanistically, ZYG11B enhances cGAS-DNA binding affinity, potentiates cGAS-DNA condensation, and stabilizes the cGAS-DNA condensed complex. Moreover, herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) infection induces ZYG11B degradation in a cGAS-unrelated manner. Our findings not only reveal an important role of ZYG11B in the early stage of DNA-induced cGAS activation but also indicate a viral strategy to dampen the innate immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Er-Chi Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yan He
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Ze-Lin Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Ben-Zhe Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yi Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Han-Ling Wang
- Xi'an Jiaotong-Livepool University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Wen-Qiang Wu
- College of Life Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China
| | - Yong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xing-Hua Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
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Liu Q, Li R, Wu H, Liang Z. A novel cuproptosis-related gene model predicts outcomes and treatment responses in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:226. [PMID: 36894917 PMCID: PMC9999523 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-10678-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cuproptosis is recently emerging as a hot spot in cancer research. However, its role in pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) has not yet been clarified. This study aimed to explore the prognostic and therapeutic implications of cuproptosis-related genes in PAAD. METHODS Two hundred thirteen PAAD samples from the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) were split into training and validation sets in the ratio of 7:3. The Cox regression analyses generated a prognostic model using the ICGC cohort for training (n = 152) and validation (n = 61). The model was externally tested on the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) (n = 80) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) datasets (n = 176). The clinical characteristics, molecular mechanisms, immune landscape, and treatment responses in model-defined subgroups were explored. The expression of an independent prognostic gene TSC22D2 was confirmed by public databases, real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), western blot (WB), and immunohistochemistry (IHC). RESULTS A prognostic model was established based on three cuproptosis-related genes (TSC22D2, C6orf136, PRKDC). Patients were stratified into high- and low-risk groups using the risk score based on this model. PAAD patients in the high-risk group had a worse prognosis. The risk score was statistically significantly correlated with most clinicopathological characteristics. The risk score based on this model was an independent predictor of overall survival (OS) (HR = 10.7, p < 0.001), and was utilized to create a scoring nomogram with excellent prognostic value. High-risk patients had a higher TP53 mutation rate and a superior response to multiple targeted therapies and chemotherapeutic drugs, but might obtain fewer benefits from immunotherapy. Moreover, elevated TSC22D2 expression was discovered to be an independent prognostic predictor for OS (p < 0.001). Data from public databases and our own experiments showed that TSC22D2 expression was significantly higher in pancreatic cancer tissues/cells compared to normal tissues/cells. CONCLUSION This novel model based on cuproptosis-related genes provided a robust biomarker for predicting the prognosis and treatment responses of PAAD. The potential roles and underlying mechanisms of TSC22D2 in PAAD need further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qixian Liu
- Molecular Pathology Research Center, Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ruiyu Li
- Molecular Pathology Research Center, Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Huanwen Wu
- Molecular Pathology Research Center, Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhiyong Liang
- Molecular Pathology Research Center, Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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48
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Su W, Qiu W, Li SJ, Wang S, Xie J, Yang QC, Xu J, Zhang J, Xu Z, Sun ZJ. A Dual-Responsive STAT3 Inhibitor Nanoprodrug Combined with Oncolytic Virus Elicits Synergistic Antitumor Immune Responses by Igniting Pyroptosis. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2209379. [PMID: 36545949 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202209379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy shows excellent efficacy against malignancies; however, insufficient tumor immunogenicity and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) are considered as the two major stumbling blocks to a broad ICB response. Here, a combinational therapeutic strategy is reported, wherein TME-reactive oxygen species/pH dual-responsive signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 inhibitor nanoprodrugs MPNPs are combined with oncolytic herpes simplex virus 1 virotherapy to synergistically ignite pyroptosis for enhancing immunotherapy. MPNPs exhibit a certain level of tumor accumulation, reduce tumor cell stemness, and enhance antitumor immune responses. Furthermore, the simultaneous application of oncolytic viruses (OVs) confers MPNPs with higher tumor penetration capacity and remarkable gasdermin-E-mediated pyroptosis, thereby reshaping the TME and transforming "cold" tumors into "hot" ones. This "fire of immunity" strategy successfully activates robust T-cell-dependent antitumor responses, potentiating ICB effects against local recurrence and pulmonary metastasis in preclinical "cold" murine triple-negative breast cancer and syngeneic oral cancer models. Collectively, this work may pave a new way and offer an unprecedented opportunity for the combination of OVs with nanomedicine for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Su
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, P. R. China
| | - Wei Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, School of Materials and Energy & Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Micro-Nano Biomedical Materials and Devices, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
| | - Shu-Jin Li
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, P. R. China
| | - Shuo Wang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, P. R. China
| | - Jun Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, P. R. China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, P. R. China
| | - Qi-Chao Yang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, P. R. China
| | - Jiming Xu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, School of Materials and Energy & Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Micro-Nano Biomedical Materials and Devices, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
| | - Junjie Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, P. R. China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, P. R. China
| | - Zhigang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, School of Materials and Energy & Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Micro-Nano Biomedical Materials and Devices, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Jun Sun
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, P. R. China
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49
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Zhao Y, Simon M, Seluanov A, Gorbunova V. DNA damage and repair in age-related inflammation. Nat Rev Immunol 2023; 23:75-89. [PMID: 35831609 PMCID: PMC10106081 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-022-00751-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Genomic instability is an important driver of ageing. The accumulation of DNA damage is believed to contribute to ageing by inducing cell death, senescence and tissue dysfunction. However, emerging evidence shows that inflammation is another major consequence of DNA damage. Inflammation is a hallmark of ageing and the driver of multiple age-related diseases. Here, we review the evidence linking DNA damage, inflammation and ageing, highlighting how premature ageing syndromes are associated with inflammation. We discuss the mechanisms by which DNA damage induces inflammation, such as through activation of the cGAS-STING axis and NF-κB activation by ATM. The triggers for activation of these signalling cascades are the age-related accumulation of DNA damage, activation of transposons, cellular senescence and the accumulation of persistent R-loops. We also discuss how epigenetic changes triggered by DNA damage can lead to inflammation and ageing via redistribution of heterochromatin factors. Finally, we discuss potential interventions against age-related inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhao
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.,Department of Physiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Matthew Simon
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Andrei Seluanov
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA. .,Department of Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.
| | - Vera Gorbunova
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA. .,Department of Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.
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50
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Pan J, Fei CJ, Hu Y, Wu XY, Nie L, Chen J. Current understanding of the cGAS-STING signaling pathway: Structure, regulatory mechanisms, and related diseases. Zool Res 2023; 44:183-218. [PMID: 36579404 PMCID: PMC9841179 DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2022.464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The innate immune system protects the host from external pathogens and internal damage in various ways. The cGAS-STING signaling pathway, comprised of cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS), stimulator of interferon genes (STING), and downstream signaling adaptors, plays an essential role in protective immune defense against microbial DNA and internal damaged-associated DNA and is responsible for various immune-related diseases. After binding with DNA, cytosolic cGAS undergoes conformational change and DNA-linked liquid-liquid phase separation to produce 2'3'-cGAMP for the activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-localized STING. However, further studies revealed that cGAS is predominantly expressed in the nucleus and strictly tethered to chromatin to prevent binding with nuclear DNA, and functions differently from cytosolic-localized cGAS. Detailed delineation of this pathway, including its structure, signaling, and regulatory mechanisms, is of great significance to fully understand the diversity of cGAS-STING activation and signaling and will be of benefit for the treatment of inflammatory diseases and cancer. Here, we review recent progress on the above-mentioned perspectives of the cGAS-STING signaling pathway and discuss new avenues for further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Pan
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Meishan Campus, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315832, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Bioengineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315832, China
| | - Chen-Jie Fei
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Meishan Campus, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315832, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Bioengineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315832, China
| | - Yang Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Meishan Campus, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315832, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Bioengineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315832, China
| | - Xiang-Yu Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Meishan Campus, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315832, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Bioengineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315832, China
| | - Li Nie
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Meishan Campus, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315832, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Bioengineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315832, China. E-mail:
| | - Jiong Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Meishan Campus, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315832, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Bioengineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315832, China. E-mail:
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