1
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Rodriguez-Contreras D, García-Nafría J, Chan AE, Shinde U, Neve KA. Comparison of the function of two novel human dopamine D2 receptor variants identifies a likely mechanism for their pathogenicity. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 228:116228. [PMID: 38643909 PMCID: PMC11410538 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Two recently discovered DRD2 mutations, c.634A > T, p.Ile212Phe and c.1121T > G, p.Met374Arg, cause hyperkinetic movement disorders that have overlapping features but apparently differ in severity. The two known carriers of the Met374Arg variant had early childhood disease onset and more severe motor, cognitive, and neuropsychiatric deficits than any known carriers of the Ile212Phe variant, whose symptoms were first apparent in adolescence. Here, we evaluated if differences in the function of the two variants in cultured cells could explain differing pathogenicity. Both variants were expressed less abundantly than the wild type receptor and exhibited loss of agonist-induced arrestin binding, but differences in expression and arrestin binding between the variants were minor. Basal and agonist-induced activation of heterotrimeric Gi/o/z proteins, however, showed clear differences; agonists were generally more potent at Met374Arg than at the Ile212Phe or wild type variants. Furthermore, all Gα subtypes tested were constitutively activated more by Met374Arg than by Ile212Phe. Met374Arg produced greater constitutive inhibition of cyclic AMP accumulation than Ile212Phe or the wild type D2 receptor. Met374Arg and Ile212Phe were more sensitive to thermal inactivation than the wild type D2 receptor, as reported for other constitutively active receptors, but Ile212Phe was affected more than Met374Arg. Additional pharmacological characterization suggested that the mutations differentially affect the shape of the agonist binding pocket and the potency of dopamine, norepinephrine, and tyramine. Molecular dynamics simulations provided a structural rationale for enhanced constitutive activation and agonist potency. Enhanced constitutive and agonist-induced G protein-mediated signaling likely contributes to the pathogenicity of these novel variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayana Rodriguez-Contreras
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, and Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Javier García-Nafría
- Institute for Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI) and Laboratory of Advanced Microscopy (LMA), University of Zaragoza, 50018, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Amy E Chan
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, and Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Ujwal Shinde
- Department of Chemical Physiology & Biochemistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Kim A Neve
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, and Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
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2
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Im D, Jormakka M, Juge N, Kishikawa JI, Kato T, Sugita Y, Noda T, Uemura T, Shiimura Y, Miyaji T, Asada H, Iwata S. Neurotransmitter recognition by human vesicular monoamine transporter 2. Nat Commun 2024; 15:7661. [PMID: 39284862 PMCID: PMC11405867 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51960-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Human vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2), a member of the SLC18 family, plays a crucial role in regulating neurotransmitters in the brain by facilitating their uptake and storage within vesicles, preparing them for exocytotic release. Because of its central role in neurotransmitter signalling and neuroprotection, VMAT2 is a target for neurodegenerative diseases and movement disorders, with its inhibitor being used as therapeutics. Despite the importance of VMAT2 in pharmacophysiology, the molecular basis of VMAT2-mediated neurotransmitter transport and its inhibition remains unclear. Here we show the cryo-electron microscopy structure of VMAT2 in the substrate-free state, in complex with the neurotransmitter dopamine, and in complex with the inhibitor tetrabenazine. In addition to these structural determinations, monoamine uptake assays, mutational studies, and pKa value predictions were performed to characterize the dynamic changes in VMAT2 structure. These results provide a structural basis for understanding VMAT2-mediated vesicular transport of neurotransmitters and a platform for modulation of current inhibitor design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dohyun Im
- Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Mika Jormakka
- Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Narinobu Juge
- Department of Genomics and Proteomics, Advanced Science Research Center, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
- Department of Molecular Membrane Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Kishikawa
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto, Japan
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kato
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Yukihiko Sugita
- Laboratory of Ultrastructural Virology, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Laboratory of Ultrastructural Virology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Hakubi Center for Advanced Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takeshi Noda
- Laboratory of Ultrastructural Virology, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Laboratory of Ultrastructural Virology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Japan
| | - Tomoko Uemura
- Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuki Shiimura
- Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Institute of Life Science, Kurume University, Kurume, Japan
| | - Takaaki Miyaji
- Department of Genomics and Proteomics, Advanced Science Research Center, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
- Department of Molecular Membrane Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hidetsugu Asada
- Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - So Iwata
- Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo-gun, Japan.
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3
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Arroyo-Urea S, Nazarova AL, Carrión-Antolí Á, Bonifazi A, Battiti FO, Lam JH, Newman AH, Katritch V, García-Nafría J. A bitopic agonist bound to the dopamine 3 receptor reveals a selectivity site. Nat Commun 2024; 15:7759. [PMID: 39237617 PMCID: PMC11377762 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51993-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Although aminergic GPCRs are the target for ~25% of approved drugs, developing subtype selective drugs is a major challenge due to the high sequence conservation at their orthosteric binding site. Bitopic ligands are covalently joined orthosteric and allosteric pharmacophores with the potential to boost receptor selectivity and improve current medications by reducing off-target side effects. However, the lack of structural information on their binding mode impedes rational design. Here we determine the cryo-EM structure of the hD3R:GαOβγ complex bound to the D3R selective bitopic agonist FOB02-04A. Structural, functional and computational analyses provide insights into its binding mode and point to a new TM2-ECL1-TM1 region, which requires the N-terminal ordering of TM1, as a major determinant of subtype selectivity in aminergic GPCRs. This region is underexploited in drug development, expands the established secondary binding pocket in aminergic GPCRs and could potentially be used to design novel and subtype selective drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Arroyo-Urea
- Institute for Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Laboratory of Advanced Microscopy (LMA), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Antonina L Nazarova
- Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Center for New Technologies in Drug Discovery and Development, Bridge Institute, Michelson Center for Convergent Biosciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ángela Carrión-Antolí
- Institute for Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Laboratory of Advanced Microscopy (LMA), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Alessandro Bonifazi
- Medicinal Chemistry Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse - Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, 333 Cassell Drive, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Francisco O Battiti
- Medicinal Chemistry Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse - Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, 333 Cassell Drive, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jordy Homing Lam
- Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Center for New Technologies in Drug Discovery and Development, Bridge Institute, Michelson Center for Convergent Biosciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Amy Hauck Newman
- Medicinal Chemistry Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse - Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, 333 Cassell Drive, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Vsevolod Katritch
- Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Center for New Technologies in Drug Discovery and Development, Bridge Institute, Michelson Center for Convergent Biosciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Javier García-Nafría
- Institute for Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
- Laboratory of Advanced Microscopy (LMA), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
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4
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Oguma T, Jino K, Nakahara K, Asada H, Fuchino K, Nagatani K, Kouki K, Okamoto R, Takai N, Koda K, Fujita S, Sekiguchi Y, Yasuo K, Mayumi K, Abe A, Imono M, Horiguchi N, Iwata S, Kusakabe KI. Dual 5-HT 2A and 5-HT 2C Receptor Inverse Agonist That Affords In Vivo Antipsychotic Efficacy with Minimal hERG Inhibition for the Treatment of Dementia-Related Psychosis. J Med Chem 2024; 67:14478-14492. [PMID: 39137033 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c01244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Psychosis is a distressing symptom commonly occurring in people with dementia. To treat Parkinson's disease psychosis, pimavanserin (1), a 5-HT2A receptor inverse agonist having minimal 5-HT2C receptor affinity and no dopamine D2 receptor affinity, was approved in the United States, but not for dementia-related psychosis due to limited efficacy issues. Herein, we report on the identification of a potent and dual 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C receptor inverse agonist 8 having minimal hERG inhibition, after having demonstrated the involvement of both 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C receptors to deliver antipsychotic efficacy in an MK-801-induced locomotor model and having conducted 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C occupancy studies including a surrogate method. The introduction of a spirocyclopropyl group boosting 5-HT2C affinity in 1 followed by further optimization to control lipophilicity resulted in balanced dual potency and metabolic stability, and mitigating hERG inhibition led to 8 that showed significant antipsychotic efficacy due to the involvement of both receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Oguma
- Laboratory for Medicinal Chemistry Research, Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, 1-1 Futaba-cho 3-chome, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Kohei Jino
- Laboratory for Drug Discovery & Disease Research, Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, 1-1 Futaba-cho 3-chome, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Kenji Nakahara
- Laboratory for Medicinal Chemistry Research, Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, 1-1 Futaba-cho 3-chome, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Hidetsugu Asada
- Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Sakyo-yu, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Kouki Fuchino
- Laboratory for Medicinal Chemistry Research, Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, 1-1 Futaba-cho 3-chome, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Kotaro Nagatani
- Laboratory for Medicinal Chemistry Research, Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, 1-1 Futaba-cho 3-chome, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Kensuke Kouki
- Laboratory for Medicinal Chemistry Research, Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, 1-1 Futaba-cho 3-chome, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Ryuji Okamoto
- Laboratory for Medicinal Chemistry Research, Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, 1-1 Futaba-cho 3-chome, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Nozomi Takai
- Laboratory for Drug Discovery & Disease Research, Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, 1-1 Futaba-cho 3-chome, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Ken Koda
- Laboratory for Drug Discovery & Disease Research, Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, 1-1 Futaba-cho 3-chome, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Sayaka Fujita
- Laboratory for Drug Discovery & Disease Research, Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, 1-1 Futaba-cho 3-chome, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Yusuke Sekiguchi
- Laboratory for Bio-Modality Research, Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, 1-1 Futaba-cho 3-chome, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Kazuya Yasuo
- Laboratory for Medicinal Chemistry Research, Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, 1-1 Futaba-cho 3-chome, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Kei Mayumi
- Laboratory for Drug Discovery & Development, Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, 1-1 Futaba-cho 3-chome, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Ayane Abe
- Laboratory for Drug Discovery & Development, Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, 1-1 Futaba-cho 3-chome, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Masaaki Imono
- Laboratory for Medicinal Chemistry Research, Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, 1-1 Futaba-cho 3-chome, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Naotaka Horiguchi
- Laboratory for Drug Discovery & Disease Research, Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, 1-1 Futaba-cho 3-chome, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - So Iwata
- Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Sakyo-yu, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Kusakabe
- Laboratory for Medicinal Chemistry Research, Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, 1-1 Futaba-cho 3-chome, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
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5
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Szwabowski GL, Griffing M, Mugabe EJ, O’Malley D, Baker LN, Baker DL, Parrill AL. G Protein-Coupled Receptor-Ligand Pose and Functional Class Prediction. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6876. [PMID: 38999982 PMCID: PMC11241240 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25136876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) transmembrane protein family members play essential roles in physiology. Numerous pharmaceuticals target GPCRs, and many drug discovery programs utilize virtual screening (VS) against GPCR targets. Improvements in the accuracy of predicting new molecules that bind to and either activate or inhibit GPCR function would accelerate such drug discovery programs. This work addresses two significant research questions. First, do ligand interaction fingerprints provide a substantial advantage over automated methods of binding site selection for classical docking? Second, can the functional status of prospective screening candidates be predicted from ligand interaction fingerprints using a random forest classifier? Ligand interaction fingerprints were found to offer modest advantages in sampling accurate poses, but no substantial advantage in the final set of top-ranked poses after scoring, and, thus, were not used in the generation of the ligand-receptor complexes used to train and test the random forest classifier. A binary classifier which treated agonists, antagonists, and inverse agonists as active and all other ligands as inactive proved highly effective in ligand function prediction in an external test set of GPR31 and TAAR2 candidate ligands with a hit rate of 82.6% actual actives within the set of predicted actives.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Daniel L. Baker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA; (G.L.S.); (M.G.); (E.J.M.); (D.O.); (L.N.B.)
| | - Abby L. Parrill
- Department of Chemistry, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA; (G.L.S.); (M.G.); (E.J.M.); (D.O.); (L.N.B.)
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6
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Chen Z, Yu J, Wang H, Xu P, Fan L, Sun F, Huang S, Zhang P, Huang H, Gu S, Zhang B, Zhou Y, Wan X, Pei G, Xu HE, Cheng J, Wang S. Flexible scaffold-based cheminformatics approach for polypharmacological drug design. Cell 2024; 187:2194-2208.e22. [PMID: 38552625 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Effective treatments for complex central nervous system (CNS) disorders require drugs with polypharmacology and multifunctionality, yet designing such drugs remains a challenge. Here, we present a flexible scaffold-based cheminformatics approach (FSCA) for the rational design of polypharmacological drugs. FSCA involves fitting a flexible scaffold to different receptors using different binding poses, as exemplified by IHCH-7179, which adopted a "bending-down" binding pose at 5-HT2AR to act as an antagonist and a "stretching-up" binding pose at 5-HT1AR to function as an agonist. IHCH-7179 demonstrated promising results in alleviating cognitive deficits and psychoactive symptoms in mice by blocking 5-HT2AR for psychoactive symptoms and activating 5-HT1AR to alleviate cognitive deficits. By analyzing aminergic receptor structures, we identified two featured motifs, the "agonist filter" and "conformation shaper," which determine ligand binding pose and predict activity at aminergic receptors. With these motifs, FSCA can be applied to the design of polypharmacological ligands at other receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangcheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Multi-Cell Systems, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Jing Yu
- Key Laboratory of Multi-Cell Systems, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Huan Wang
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Peiyu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Center for Structure and Function of Drug Targets, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Luyu Fan
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Fengxiu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Multi-Cell Systems, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Sijie Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Center for Structure and Function of Drug Targets, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Pei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Multi-Cell Systems, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | | | - Shuo Gu
- ComMedX, Beijing 100094, China
| | | | - Yue Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Multi-Cell Systems, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | | | - Gang Pei
- Key Laboratory of Multi-Cell Systems, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - H Eric Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Center for Structure and Function of Drug Targets, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Jianjun Cheng
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.
| | - Sheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Multi-Cell Systems, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China.
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7
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Lee KH, Shi L. Unraveling Activation-Related Rearrangements and Intrinsic Divergence from Ligand-Specific Conformational Changes of the Dopamine D3 and D2 Receptors. J Chem Inf Model 2024; 64:1778-1793. [PMID: 38454785 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.3c01956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Effective rational drug discovery hinges on understanding the functional states of the target protein and distinguishing it from homologues. However, for the G protein coupled receptors, both activation-related conformational changes (ACCs) and intrinsic divergence among receptors can be misled or obscured by ligand-specific conformational changes (LCCs). Here, we unraveled ACCs and intrinsic divergence from LCCs of the dopamine D3 and D2 receptors (D3R and D2R), by analyzing their experimentally determined structures and the molecular dynamics (MD) simulation results of the receptors bound with various ligands. In addition to the ACCs common to other aminergic receptors, we revealed unique ACCs for these two receptors, including the extracellular portion of TM5 (TM5e) and TM6e shifting away from TM2e and TM3e, with a subtle rotation of TM5e. In identifying intrinsic divergence, we found more outward tilting of TM6e in the D2R compared to the D3R in both the experimental structures and simulations bound with ligands in different scaffolds. However, this difference was drastically reduced in the simulations bound with nonselective agonist quinpirole, suggesting a misleading effect of LCCs. Further, in the quinpirole-bound simulations, TM1 showed a greater disparity between these receptors, indicating that LCCs may also obscure intrinsic divergence. Importantly, our MD simulations revealed divergence in the dynamics of these receptors. Specifically, the D2R exhibited heightened flexibility compared to the D3R in the extracellular loops and TMs 5e, 6e, and 7e, associated with its greater ligand binding site plasticity. Our results lay the groundwork for crafting ligands specifically targeting the D2R and D3R with more precise pharmacological profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo Hao Lee
- Computational Chemistry and Molecular Biophysics Section, National Institute on Drug Abuse - Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, United States
| | - Lei Shi
- Computational Chemistry and Molecular Biophysics Section, National Institute on Drug Abuse - Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, United States
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8
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Baranoglu Kilinc Y, Torun IE, Kilinc E. D2 dopamine receptor-mediated mechanisms of dopaminergic system modulation in in vivo and in vitro experimental models of migraine. Eur J Neurosci 2024; 59:1177-1193. [PMID: 37539658 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
The dopaminergic system is implicated in the pathophysiology of migraine. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We explored the effects and mechanisms of dopaminergic system modulation in the in vivo and in vitro rat models of migraine. Dopaminergic agonist apomorphine, D2 receptor antagonists metoclopramide and haloperidol and 5-HT3 receptor antagonist ondansetron alone and together were tested in nitroglycerin-induced migraine model, in vivo. Likewise, the combinations of drugs were also tested on basal calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) release in vitro hemiskull preparations. Mechanical allodynia was tested by von Frey filaments. CGRP concentrations in trigeminovascular structures and in vitro superfusates and c-Fos levels in the brainstem were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Meningeal mast cells were evaluated with toluidine blue staining. Apomorphine further enhanced nitroglycerin-induced mechanical allodynia, brainstem c-fos expression, trigeminal ganglion and brainstem CGRP concentrations and meningeal mast cell degranulation, in vivo. Haloperidol completely antagonised all apomorphine-induced effects and also alleviated changes induced by nitroglycerin without apomorphine. Metoclopramide and ondansetron partially attenuated apomorphine- or nitroglycerin-induced effects. A combination of haloperidol and ondansetron decreased basal CGRP release, in vitro, whereas the other administrations were ineffective. Apomorphine-mediated dopaminergic activation exacerbated nitroglycerin-stimulated nociceptive reactions by further enhancing c-fos expression, CGRP release and mast cell degranulation in strategical structures associated with migraine pain. Metoclopramide partially attenuated the effects of apomorphine, most likely because it is also a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist. Haloperidol with pure D2 receptor antagonism feature appears to be more effective than metoclopramide in reducing migraine-related parameters in dopaminergic activation- and/or NTG-induced migraine-like conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ibrahim Ethem Torun
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, University of Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Erkan Kilinc
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, University of Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal, Bolu, Turkey
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9
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Nagl M, Mönnich D, Rosier N, Schihada H, Sirbu A, Konar N, Reyes-Resina I, Navarro G, Franco R, Kolb P, Annibale P, Pockes S. Fluorescent Tools for the Imaging of Dopamine D 2 -Like Receptors. Chembiochem 2024; 25:e202300659. [PMID: 37942961 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
The family of dopamine D2 -like receptors represents an interesting target for a variety of neurological diseases, e. g. Parkinson's disease (PD), addiction, or schizophrenia. In this study we describe the synthesis of a new set of fluorescent ligands as tools for visualization of dopamine D2 -like receptors. Pharmacological characterization in radioligand binding studies identified UR-MN212 (20) as a high-affinity ligand for D2 -like receptors (pKi (D2long R)=8.24, pKi (D3 R)=8.58, pKi (D4 R)=7.78) with decent selectivity towards D1 -like receptors. Compound 20 is a neutral antagonist in a Go1 activation assay at the D2long R, D3 R, and D4 R, which is an important feature for studies using whole cells. The neutral antagonist 20, equipped with a 5-TAMRA dye, displayed rapid association to the D2long R in binding studies using confocal microscopy demonstrating its suitability for fluorescence microscopy. Furthermore, in molecular brightness studies, the ligand's binding affinity could be determined in a single-digit nanomolar range that was in good agreement with radioligand binding data. Therefore, the fluorescent compound can be used for quantitative characterization of native D2 -like receptors in a broad variety of experimental setups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Nagl
- Institute of Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Denise Mönnich
- Institute of Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Niklas Rosier
- Institute of Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Hannes Schihada
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Marburg, Marbacher Weg 6, 35037, Marburg, Germany
| | - Alexei Sirbu
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, 13125, Germany
| | - Nergis Konar
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, 13125, Germany
| | - Irene Reyes-Resina
- CiberNed, Network Center for Neurodegenerative diseases, National Spanish Health Institute Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department Biochemistry and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Navarro
- CiberNed, Network Center for Neurodegenerative diseases, National Spanish Health Institute Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department Biochemistry and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafael Franco
- CiberNed, Network Center for Neurodegenerative diseases, National Spanish Health Institute Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Peter Kolb
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Marburg, Marbacher Weg 6, 35037, Marburg, Germany
| | - Paolo Annibale
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, 13125, Germany
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, Scotland
| | - Steffen Pockes
- Institute of Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93053, Regensburg, Germany
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute for Therapeutics Discovery and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA
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10
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Bright Y, Maas DA, Verheij MM, Paladini MS, Amatdjais-Groenen HI, Molteni R, Riva MA, Martens GJ, Homberg JR. The Natural Protoalkaloid Methyl-2-Amino-3-Methoxybenzoate (MAM) Alleviates Positive as well as Cognitive Symptoms in Rat and Mouse Schizophrenia Models. Curr Neuropharmacol 2024; 22:323-338. [PMID: 37475559 PMCID: PMC10788887 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x21666230720122354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of new antipsychotics with pro-cognitive properties and less side effects represents a priority in schizophrenia drug research. In this study, we present for the first time a preclinical exploration of the effects of the promising natural atypical antipsychotic Methyl-2-Amino-3- Methoxybenzoate (MAM), a brain-penetrable protoalkaloid from the seed of the plant Nigella damascena. Using animal models related to hyperdopaminergic activity, namely the pharmacogenetic apomorphine (D2/D1 receptor agonist)-susceptible (APO-SUS) rat model and pharmacologically induced mouse and rat models of schizophrenia, we found that MAM reduced gnawing stereotypy and climbing behaviours induced by dopaminergic agents. This predicts antipsychotic activity. In line, MAM antagonized apomorphine-induced c-Fos and NPAS4 mRNA levels in post-mortem brain nucleus accumbens and dorsolateral striatum of APO-SUS rats. Furthermore, phencyclidine (PCP, an NMDA receptor antagonist) and 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine (DOI, a 5HT2A/2C receptor agonist) induced prepulse inhibition deficits, reflecting the positive symptoms of schizophrenia, which were rescued by treatment with MAM and atypical antipsychotics alike. Post-mortem brain immunostaining revealed that MAM blocked the strong activation of both PCP- and DOI-induced c-Fos immunoreactivity in a number of cortical areas. Finally, during a 28-day subchronic treatment regime, MAM did not induce weight gain, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia or hepato- and nephrotoxic effects, side effects known to be induced by atypical antipsychotics. MAM also did not show any cataleptic effects. In conclusion, its brain penetrability, the apparent absence of preclinical side effects, and its ability to antagonize positive and cognitive symptoms associated with schizophrenia make MAM an exciting new antipsychotic drug that deserves clinical testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yami Bright
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Dorien A. Maas
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Molecular Animal Physiology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Faculty of Science, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michel M.M. Verheij
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Maria S. Paladini
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Universita’ degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Altos Labs Bay Area Institute of Science, Altos Labs, Inc., Redwood City, CA, USA
| | | | - Raffaella Molteni
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Universita’ degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco A. Riva
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Universita’ degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Biological Psychiatry Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Gerard J.M. Martens
- Department of Molecular Animal Physiology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Faculty of Science, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Judith R. Homberg
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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11
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Tian GL, Hsieh CJ, Taylor M, Lee JY, Luedtke RR, Mach RH. Design and Synthesis of D 3R Bitopic Ligands with Flexible Secondary Binding Fragments: Radioligand Binding and Computational Chemistry Studies. Molecules 2023; 29:123. [PMID: 38202706 PMCID: PMC10779535 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
A series of bitopic ligands based on Fallypride with a flexible secondary binding fragment (SBF) were prepared with the goal of preparing a D3R-selective compound. The effect of the flexible linker ((R,S)-trans-2a-d), SBFs ((R,S)-trans-2h-j), and the chirality of orthosteric binding fragments (OBFs) ((S,R)-trans-d, (S,R)-trans-i, (S,S)-trans-d, (S,S)-trans-i, (R,R)-trans-d, and (R,R)-trans-i) were evaluated in in vitro binding assays. Computational chemistry studies revealed that the interaction of the fragment binding to the SBF increased the distance between the pyrrolidine nitrogen and ASP1103.32 of the D3R, thereby reducing the D3R affinity to a suboptimal level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Long Tian
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Clinical Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (G.-L.T.); (C.-J.H.)
| | - Chia-Ju Hsieh
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Clinical Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (G.-L.T.); (C.-J.H.)
| | - Michelle Taylor
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA; (M.T.)
| | - Ji Youn Lee
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Clinical Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (G.-L.T.); (C.-J.H.)
| | - Robert R. Luedtke
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA; (M.T.)
| | - Robert H. Mach
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Clinical Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (G.-L.T.); (C.-J.H.)
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12
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Lee KH, Shi L. Unraveling activation-related rearrangements and intrinsic divergence from ligand-induced conformational changes of the dopamine D3 and D2 receptors. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.11.11.566699. [PMID: 38014309 PMCID: PMC10680602 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.11.566699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Effective rational drug discovery targeting a specific protein hinges on understanding their functional states and distinguishing it from homologs. However, for the G protein coupled receptors, both the activation-related conformational changes (ACCs) and the intrinsic divergence among receptors can be misled or obscured by ligand-induced conformational changes (LCCs). Here, we unraveled ACCs and intrinsic divergence from LCCs of the dopamine D3 and D2 receptors (D3R and D2R), by analyzing their experimentally determined structures and the molecular dynamics simulation results of the receptors bound with different ligands. In addition to the ACCs common to other aminergic receptors, we revealed unique ACCs for these two receptors including TM5e and TM6e shifting away from TM2e and TM3e, with a subtle rotation of TM5e. In identifying intrinsic divergence, we found pronounced outward tilting of TM6e in the D2R compared to the D3R in both experimental structures and simulations with ligands in different scaffolds. This tilting was drastically reduced in the simulations of the receptors bound with nonselective full agonist quinpirole, suggesting a misleading impact of LCCs. Further, in the quinpirole-bound simulations, TM1 showed a greater disparity between these receptors, indicating that LCCs may obscure intrinsic divergence. In addition, our analysis showed that the impact of the nonconserved TM1 propagated to conserved Trp7.40 and Glu2.65, both are ligand binding residues. We also found that the D2R exhibited heightened flexibility compared to the D3R in the extracellular portions of TMs 5, 6, and 7, potentially associated with its greater ligand binding site plasticity. Our results lay the groundwork for crafting ligands specifically targeting D2R or D3R with more precise pharmacological profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo Hao Lee
- Computational Chemistry and Molecular Biophysics Section, National Institute on Drug Abuse – Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Lei Shi
- Computational Chemistry and Molecular Biophysics Section, National Institute on Drug Abuse – Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
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13
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Zhang S, Zhong M, Zhu H, You Q, Yuan H, Li Y. Hypomethylation of DRD2 promotes breast cancer through the FLNA-ERK pathway. Cancer Genet 2023; 278-279:71-78. [PMID: 37729778 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2023.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the effect of stem cell marker dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2) on the proliferation of hormone-receptor-negative breast cancer cells. High-throughput DNA methylation sequencing on an 850 K chip was used to pre-screen breast cancer tissues with significant methylation differences. The expression of DRD2 in breast cancer and normal breast tissues, and clinical risk factors, were detected by pyrophosphoric acid validation and immunohistochemistry. In vitro and in vivo experiments verified the possible molecular signaling pathways. DRD2 promoter region was hypomethylated in hormone-receptor-negative breast cancer or with high-risk factors compared to the normal tissues. The proliferation of breast cancer cells was enhanced after DRD2 was upregulated and decreased after DRD2 was downregulated. In vivo experiments found that tumor growth and the expression of antigen KI-67 (Ki67) and the cluster of differentiation 31 (CD31) were improved by the overexpression of DRD2 and inhibited by the down expression of DRD2. In vivo and in vitro experiments demonstrated the phosphorylation of filamin A and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (FLNA-ERK) was influenced by the expression of DRD2, suggesting DRD2 plays a role in the FLNA-ERK signaling pathway. Methylation inhibitors (5-aza-2-deoxycytidine, 5-azadc) partially reversed the inhibitory effect of DRD2 down expression on cell proliferation, migration, and tumor growth in animal models, indicating that inhibition of DRD2 methylation promotes cancer development. This study demonstrated the DRD2 promoter region is hypomethylated in hormone-receptor-negative breast cancer or with high-risk factors. The methylation status of the DRD2 promoter and FLNA-ERK signaling pathway and the DRD2 expression in breast cancer treatment need to be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuoyi Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, China
| | - Ming Zhong
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, China
| | - Hongbo Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, China
| | - Qinghua You
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, China
| | - Hao Yuan
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, China
| | - Yongping Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, China.
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14
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Im D, Kishikawa JI, Shiimura Y, Hisano H, Ito A, Fujita-Fujiharu Y, Sugita Y, Noda T, Kato T, Asada H, Iwata S. Structural insights into the agonists binding and receptor selectivity of human histamine H 4 receptor. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6538. [PMID: 37863901 PMCID: PMC10589313 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42260-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Histamine is a biogenic amine that participates in allergic and inflammatory processes by stimulating histamine receptors. The histamine H4 receptor (H4R) is a potential therapeutic target for chronic inflammatory diseases such as asthma and atopic dermatitis. Here, we show the cryo-electron microscopy structures of the H4R-Gq complex bound with an endogenous agonist histamine or the selective agonist imetit bound in the orthosteric binding pocket. The structures demonstrate binding mode of histamine agonists and that the subtype-selective agonist binding causes conformational changes in Phe3447.39, which, in turn, form the "aromatic slot". The results provide insights into the molecular underpinnings of the agonism of H4R and subtype selectivity of histamine receptors, and show that the H4R structures may be valuable in rational drug design of drugs targeting the H4R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dohyun Im
- Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Konoe-cho, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Kishikawa
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, 3-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuki Shiimura
- Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Konoe-cho, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
- Institute of Life Science, Kurume University, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Hiromi Hisano
- Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Konoe-cho, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Akane Ito
- Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Konoe-cho, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yoko Fujita-Fujiharu
- Laboratory of Ultrastructural Virology, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, 53 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
- Laboratory of Ultrastructural Virology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, 53 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan
| | - Yukihiko Sugita
- Laboratory of Ultrastructural Virology, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, 53 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
- Laboratory of Ultrastructural Virology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, 53 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
- Hakubi Center for Advanced Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Takeshi Noda
- Laboratory of Ultrastructural Virology, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, 53 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
- Laboratory of Ultrastructural Virology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, 53 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kato
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, 3-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Hidetsugu Asada
- Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Konoe-cho, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.
| | - So Iwata
- Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Konoe-cho, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan.
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15
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Sibley DR, Nilson AN, Moritz AE, Shi L. Dopamine receptor divergence revealed using a common ligand. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2023; 44:637-639. [PMID: 37599183 PMCID: PMC10530097 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2023.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Rational drug design for G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) remains a challenging area. A new study from the Xu, Roth, and Zhang groups provides a complete set of active structures for the entire dopamine receptor family bound with rotigotine that will aid in designing selective agonists for these important therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R Sibley
- Molecular Neuropharmacology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, 35 Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Ashley N Nilson
- Molecular Neuropharmacology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, 35 Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Amy E Moritz
- Molecular Neuropharmacology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, 35 Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Lei Shi
- Computational Chemistry and Molecular Biophysics Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, 333 Cassell Drive, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
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16
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Lee KH, Manning JJ, Javitch J, Shi L. A Novel "Activation Switch" Motif Common to All Aminergic Receptors. J Chem Inf Model 2023; 63:5001-5017. [PMID: 37540602 PMCID: PMC10695015 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.3c00732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Aminergic receptors are G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that transduce signals from small endogenous biogenic amines to regulate intracellular signaling pathways. Agonist binding in the ligand binding pocket on the extracellular side opens and prepares a cavity on the intracellular face of the receptors to interact with and activate G proteins and β-arrestins. Here, by reviewing and analyzing all available aminergic receptor structures, we seek to identify activation-related conformational changes that are independent of the specific scaffold of the bound agonist, which we define as "activation conformational changes" (ACCs). While some common intracellular ACCs have been well-documented, identifying common extracellular ACCs, including those in the ligand binding pocket, is complicated by local adjustments to different ligand scaffolds. Our analysis shows no common ACCs at the extracellular ends of the transmembrane helices. Furthermore, the restricted access to the ligand binding pocket identified previously in some receptors is not universal. Notably, the Trp6.48 toggle switch and the Pro5.50-Ile3.40-Phe6.44 (PIF) motif at the bottom of the ligand binding pocket have previously been proposed to mediate the conformational consequences of ligand binding to the intracellular side of the receptors. Our analysis shows that common ACCs in the ligand binding pocket are associated with the PIF motif and nearby residues, including Trp6.48, but fails to support a shared rotamer toggle associated with activation. However, we identify two common rearrangements between the extracellular and middle subsegments, and propose a novel "activation switch" motif common to all aminergic receptors. This motif includes the middle subsegments of transmembrane helices 3, 5, and 6 and integrates both the PIF motif and Trp6.48.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo Hao Lee
- Computational Chemistry and Molecular Biophysics Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse – Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Jamie J. Manning
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Jonathan Javitch
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Lei Shi
- Computational Chemistry and Molecular Biophysics Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse – Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
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17
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Xu P, Huang S, Krumm BE, Zhuang Y, Mao C, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Huang XP, Liu YF, He X, Li H, Yin W, Jiang Y, Zhang Y, Roth BL, Xu HE. Structural genomics of the human dopamine receptor system. Cell Res 2023; 33:604-616. [PMID: 37221270 PMCID: PMC10397222 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-023-00808-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The dopaminergic system, including five dopamine receptors (D1R to D5R), plays essential roles in the central nervous system (CNS); and ligands that activate dopamine receptors have been used to treat many neuropsychiatric disorders, including Parkinson's Disease (PD) and schizophrenia. Here, we report cryo-EM structures of all five subtypes of human dopamine receptors in complex with G protein and bound to the pan-agonist, rotigotine, which is used to treat PD and restless legs syndrome. The structures reveal the basis of rotigotine recognition in different dopamine receptors. Structural analysis together with functional assays illuminate determinants of ligand polypharmacology and selectivity. The structures also uncover the mechanisms of dopamine receptor activation, unique structural features among the five receptor subtypes, and the basis of G protein coupling specificity. Our work provides a comprehensive set of structural templates for the rational design of specific ligands to treat CNS diseases targeting the dopaminergic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sijie Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Brian E Krumm
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill Medical School, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Youwen Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunyou Mao
- Center for Structural Pharmacology and Therapeutics Development, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yumu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xi-Ping Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill Medical School, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yong-Feng Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill Medical School, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Xinheng He
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huadong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wanchao Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Center for Structural Pharmacology and Therapeutics Development, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Department of Biophysics and Department of Pathology of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Bryan L Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill Medical School, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | - H Eric Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China.
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18
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Toyoda Y, Zhu A, Kong F, Shan S, Zhao J, Wang N, Sun X, Zhang L, Yan C, Kobilka BK, Liu X. Structural basis of α 1A-adrenergic receptor activation and recognition by an extracellular nanobody. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3655. [PMID: 37339967 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39310-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The α1A-adrenergic receptor (α1AAR) belongs to the family of G protein-coupled receptors that respond to adrenaline and noradrenaline. α1AAR is involved in smooth muscle contraction and cognitive function. Here, we present three cryo-electron microscopy structures of human α1AAR bound to the endogenous agonist noradrenaline, its selective agonist oxymetazoline, and the antagonist tamsulosin, with resolutions range from 2.9 Å to 3.5 Å. Our active and inactive α1AAR structures reveal the activation mechanism and distinct ligand binding modes for noradrenaline compared with other adrenergic receptor subtypes. In addition, we identified a nanobody that preferentially binds to the extracellular vestibule of α1AAR when bound to the selective agonist oxymetazoline. These results should facilitate the design of more selective therapeutic drugs targeting both orthosteric and allosteric sites in this receptor family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Toyoda
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
- Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.
| | - Angqi Zhu
- Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Fang Kong
- Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Sisi Shan
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- NexVac Research Center, Comprehensive AIDS Research Center, Center for Infectious Disease Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jiawei Zhao
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xiaoou Sun
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Linqi Zhang
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- NexVac Research Center, Comprehensive AIDS Research Center, Center for Infectious Disease Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Chuangye Yan
- Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Brian K Kobilka
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
| | - Xiangyu Liu
- Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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19
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Stępnicki P, Wośko S, Bartyzel A, Zięba A, Bartuzi D, Szałaj K, Wróbel TM, Fornal E, Carlsson J, Kędzierska E, Poleszak E, Castro M, Kaczor AA. Development and Characterization of Novel Selective, Non-Basic Dopamine D 2 Receptor Antagonists for the Treatment of Schizophrenia. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28104211. [PMID: 37241951 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28104211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The dopamine D2 receptor, which belongs to the family of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR), is an important and well-validated drug target in the field of medicinal chemistry due to its wide distribution, particularly in the central nervous system, and involvement in the pathomechanism of many disorders thereof. Schizophrenia is one of the most frequent diseases associated with disorders in dopaminergic neurotransmission, and in which the D2 receptor is the main target for the drugs used. In this work, we aimed at discovering new selective D2 receptor antagonists with potential antipsychotic activity. Twenty-three compounds were synthesized, based on the scaffold represented by the D2AAK2 compound, which was discovered by our group. This compound is an interesting example of a D2 receptor ligand because of its non-classical binding to this target. Radioligand binding assays and SAR analysis indicated structural modifications of D2AAK2 that are possible to maintain its activity. These findings were further rationalized using molecular modeling. Three active derivatives were identified as D2 receptor antagonists in cAMP signaling assays, and the selected most active compound 17 was subjected to X-ray studies to investigate its stable conformation in the solid state. Finally, effects of 17 assessed in animal models confirmed its antipsychotic activity in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Stępnicki
- Department of Synthesis and Chemical Technology of Pharmaceutical Substances with Computer Modeling Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 4A Chodźki St., PL-20093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Sylwia Wośko
- Laboratory of Preclinical Testing, Chair and Department of Applied and Social Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 1, PL-20093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Agata Bartyzel
- Department of General and Coordination Chemistry and Crystallography, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University in Lublin, Maria Curie-Skłodowska Sq. 2, PL-20031 Lublin, Poland
| | - Agata Zięba
- Department of Synthesis and Chemical Technology of Pharmaceutical Substances with Computer Modeling Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 4A Chodźki St., PL-20093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Damian Bartuzi
- Department of Synthesis and Chemical Technology of Pharmaceutical Substances with Computer Modeling Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 4A Chodźki St., PL-20093 Lublin, Poland
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, 75124 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Klaudia Szałaj
- Department of Bioanalytics, Chair of Dietetics and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Biomedicine, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8b St., PL-20090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Tomasz M Wróbel
- Department of Synthesis and Chemical Technology of Pharmaceutical Substances with Computer Modeling Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 4A Chodźki St., PL-20093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Emilia Fornal
- Department of Bioanalytics, Chair of Dietetics and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Biomedicine, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8b St., PL-20090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Jens Carlsson
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, 75124 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ewa Kędzierska
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 4A Chodźki St., PL-20093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Ewa Poleszak
- Laboratory of Preclinical Testing, Chair and Department of Applied and Social Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 1, PL-20093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Marián Castro
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Avda de Barcelona, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Travesía da Choupana s/n, E-15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Agnieszka A Kaczor
- Department of Synthesis and Chemical Technology of Pharmaceutical Substances with Computer Modeling Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 4A Chodźki St., PL-20093 Lublin, Poland
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
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20
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Rivi V, Benatti C, Blom JMC, Pani L, Brunello N, Drago F, Papaleo F, Caraci F, Geraci F, Torrisi SA, Leggio GM, Tascedda F. The Role of Dopamine D3 Receptors, Dysbindin, and Their Functional Interaction in the Expression of Key Genes for Neuroplasticity and Neuroinflammation in the Mouse Brain. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:8699. [PMID: 37240042 PMCID: PMC10218262 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cognitive impairment in schizophrenia remains a clinically and pharmacologically unsolved challenge. Clinical and preclinical studies have revealed that the concomitant reduction in dysbindin (DYS) and dopamine receptor D3 functionality improves cognitive functions. However, the molecular machinery underlying this epistatic interaction has not yet been fully elucidated. The glutamate NMDA receptors and the neurotrophin BDNF, with their established role in promoting neuroplasticity, may be involved in the complex network regulated by the D3/DYS interaction. Furthermore, as inflammation is involved in the etiopathogenesis of several psychiatric diseases, including schizophrenia, the D3/DYS interaction may affect the expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Thus, by employing mutant mice bearing selective heterozygosis for D3 and/or DYS, we provide new insights into the functional interactions (single and synergic) between these schizophrenia susceptibility genes and the expression levels of key genes for neuroplasticity and neuroinflammation in three key brain areas for schizophrenia: the prefrontal cortex, striatum, and hippocampus. In the hippocampus, the epistatic interaction between D3 and DYS reversed to the wild-type level the downregulated mRNA levels of GRIN1 and GRIN2A were observed in DYS +/- and D3 +/- mice. In all the areas investigated, double mutant mice had higher BDNF levels compared to their single heterozygote counterparts, whereas D3 hypofunction resulted in higher pro-inflammatory cytokines. These results may help to clarify the genetic mechanisms and functional interactions involved in the etiology and development of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Rivi
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (V.R.); (C.B.); (J.M.C.B.); (L.P.)
| | - Cristina Benatti
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (V.R.); (C.B.); (J.M.C.B.); (L.P.)
- Centre of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Joan M. C. Blom
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (V.R.); (C.B.); (J.M.C.B.); (L.P.)
- Centre of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Luca Pani
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (V.R.); (C.B.); (J.M.C.B.); (L.P.)
- Centre of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Nicoletta Brunello
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy;
| | - Filippo Drago
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (F.D.); (F.C.); (F.G.); (S.A.T.)
| | - Francesco Papaleo
- Department of Neuroscience and Brain Technologies, Italian Institute of Technology, 16132 Genova, Italy;
| | - Filippo Caraci
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (F.D.); (F.C.); (F.G.); (S.A.T.)
| | - Federica Geraci
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (F.D.); (F.C.); (F.G.); (S.A.T.)
| | - Sebastiano Alfio Torrisi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (F.D.); (F.C.); (F.G.); (S.A.T.)
| | - Gian Marco Leggio
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (F.D.); (F.C.); (F.G.); (S.A.T.)
| | - Fabio Tascedda
- Centre of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy;
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21
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Haddish K, Yun JW. Dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4) negatively regulates UCP1- and ATP-dependent thermogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and C2C12 muscle cells. Pflugers Arch 2023; 475:757-773. [PMID: 37103560 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-023-02816-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
The activation of beige fat and muscle tissues is an interesting and encouraging target for therapeutic intervention in obesity owing to their remarkable lipolytic activity and energy-consuming futile cycles. This study examined the effect of dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4) on lipid metabolisms as well as UCP1- and ATP-dependent thermogenesis in Drd4-silenced 3T3-L1 adipocytes and C2C12 muscle cells. Silencing of Drd4, followed by quantitative real-time PCR, immunoblot analysis, immunofluorescence, and staining methods, were applied to evaluate the effects of DRD4 on diverse target genes and proteins of both cells. The findings showed that DRD4 was expressed in the adipose and muscle tissues of normal and obese mice. Furthermore, the knockdown of Drd4 upregulated the expression of brown adipocyte-specific genes and proteins while downregulating lipogenesis and the adipogenesis marker proteins. Drd4 silencing also upregulated the expression of key signaling molecules involved in ATP-dependent thermogenesis in both cells. This was further elucidated by mechanistic studies showing that a Drd4 knockdown mediates UCP1-dependent thermogenesis via the cAMP/PKA/p38MAPK pathway in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and UCP1-independent thermogenesis via the cAMP/SLN/SERCA2a pathway in C2C12 muscle cells. In addition, siDrd4 also mediates myogenesis via the cAMP/PKA/ERK1/2/Cyclin D3 pathway in C2C12 muscle cells. Silencing of Drd4 promotes β3-AR-dependent browning in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and α1-AR/SERCA-based thermogenesis through an ATP-consuming futile process in C2C12 muscle cells. Understanding the novel functions of DRD4 on adipose and muscle tissues in terms of its ability to enhance energy expenditure and regulate whole-body energy metabolism will aid in developing novel obesity intervention techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiros Haddish
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38453, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Won Yun
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38453, Republic of Korea.
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22
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Valle-León M, Casajuana-Martin N, Del Torrent CL, Argerich J, Gómez-Acero L, Sahlholm K, Ferré S, Pardo L, Ciruela F. Unique effect of clozapine on adenosine A 2A-dopamine D 2 receptor heteromerization. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 160:114327. [PMID: 36736280 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The striatal dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) is generally accepted to be involved in positive symptoms of schizophrenia and is a main target for clinically used antipsychotics. D2R are highly expressed in the striatum, where they form heteromers with the adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR). Changes in the density of A2AR-D2R heteromers have been reported in postmortem tissue from patients with schizophrenia, but the degree to which A2R are involved in schizophrenia and the effect of antipsychotic drugs is unknown. Here, we examine the effect of exposure to three prototypical antipsychotic drugs on A2AR-D2R heteromerization in mammalian cells using a NanoBiT assay. After 16 h of exposure, a significant increase in the density of A2AR-D2R heteromers was found with haloperidol and aripiprazole, but not with clozapine. On the other hand, clozapine, but not haloperidol or aripiprazole, was associated with a significant decrease in A2AR-D2R heteromerization after 2 h of treatment. Computational binding models of these compounds revealed distinctive molecular signatures that explain their different influence on heteromerization. The bulky tricyclic moiety of clozapine displaces TM 5 of D2R, inducing a clash with A2AR, while the extended binding mode of haloperidol and aripiprazole stabilizes a specific conformation of the second extracellular loop of D2R that enhances the interaction with A2AR. It is proposed that an increase in A2AR-D2R heteromerization is involved in the extrapyramidal side effects (EPS) of antipsychotics and that the specific clozapine-mediated destabilization of A2AR-D2R heteromerization can explain its low EPS liability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Valle-León
- Pharmacology Unit, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; Neuropharmacology and Pain Group, Neuroscience Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Nil Casajuana-Martin
- Laboratory of Computational Medicine, Biostatistics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Claudia Llinas Del Torrent
- Laboratory of Computational Medicine, Biostatistics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Argerich
- Pharmacology Unit, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; Neuropharmacology and Pain Group, Neuroscience Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Laura Gómez-Acero
- Pharmacology Unit, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; Neuropharmacology and Pain Group, Neuroscience Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Kristoffer Sahlholm
- Pharmacology Unit, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; Neuropharmacology and Pain Group, Neuroscience Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Umeå University, 907 87 Umeå, Sweden; Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sergi Ferré
- Integrative Neurobiology Section, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Leonardo Pardo
- Laboratory of Computational Medicine, Biostatistics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Francisco Ciruela
- Pharmacology Unit, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; Neuropharmacology and Pain Group, Neuroscience Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.
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23
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Nonaka H, Mino T, Sakamoto S, Oh JH, Watanabe Y, Ishikawa M, Tsushima A, Amaike K, Kiyonaka S, Tamura T, Aricescu AR, Kakegawa W, Miura E, Yuzaki M, Hamachi I. Revisiting PFA-mediated tissue fixation chemistry: FixEL enables trapping of small molecules in the brain to visualize their distribution changes. Chem 2023; 9:523-540. [PMID: 38094901 PMCID: PMC7615374 DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2022.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Various small molecules have been used as functional probes for tissue imaging in medical diagnosis and pharmaceutical drugs for disease treatment. The spatial distribution, target selectivity, and diffusion/excretion kinetics of small molecules in structurally complicated specimens are critical for function. However, robust methods for precisely evaluating these parameters in the brain have been limited. Herein, we report a new method termed "fixation-driven chemical cross-linking of exogenous ligands (FixEL)," which traps and images exogenously administered molecules of interest (MOIs) in complex tissues. This method relies on protein-MOI interactions and chemical cross-linking of amine-tethered MOI with paraformaldehyde used for perfusion fixation. FixEL is used to obtain images of the distribution of the small molecules, which addresses selective/nonselective binding to proteins, time-dependent localization changes, and diffusion/retention kinetics of MOIs such as the scaffold of PET tracer derivatives or drug-like small molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Nonaka
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
- ERATO (Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology, JST), Tokyo 102-0075, Japan
| | - Takeharu Mino
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Seiji Sakamoto
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Jae Hoon Oh
- ERATO (Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology, JST), Tokyo 102-0075, Japan
| | - Yu Watanabe
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Mamoru Ishikawa
- ERATO (Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology, JST), Tokyo 102-0075, Japan
| | - Akihiro Tsushima
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Kazuma Amaike
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Shigeki Kiyonaka
- ERATO (Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology, JST), Tokyo 102-0075, Japan
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Tomonori Tamura
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
- ERATO (Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology, JST), Tokyo 102-0075, Japan
| | - A. Radu Aricescu
- Division of Structural Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
- Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Wataru Kakegawa
- ERATO (Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology, JST), Tokyo 102-0075, Japan
- Department of Neurophysiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Eriko Miura
- Department of Neurophysiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Michisuke Yuzaki
- Department of Neurophysiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Itaru Hamachi
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
- ERATO (Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology, JST), Tokyo 102-0075, Japan
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24
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Dmitrieva DA, Kotova TV, Safronova NA, Sadova AA, Dashevskii DE, Mishin AV. Protein Design Strategies for the Structural–Functional Studies of G Protein-Coupled Receptors. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2023; 88:S192-S226. [PMID: 37069121 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297923140110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are an important family of membrane proteins responsible for many physiological functions in human body. High resolution GPCR structures are required to understand their molecular mechanisms and perform rational drug design, as GPCRs play a crucial role in a variety of diseases. That is difficult to obtain for the wild-type proteins because of their low stability. In this review, we discuss how this problem can be solved by using protein design strategies developed to obtain homogeneous stabilized GPCR samples for crystallization and cryoelectron microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria A Dmitrieva
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141701, Russia
| | - Tatiana V Kotova
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141701, Russia
| | - Nadezda A Safronova
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141701, Russia
| | - Alexandra A Sadova
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141701, Russia
| | - Dmitrii E Dashevskii
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141701, Russia
| | - Alexey V Mishin
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141701, Russia.
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25
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Juza R, Musilek K, Mezeiova E, Soukup O, Korabecny J. Recent advances in dopamine D 2 receptor ligands in the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders. Med Res Rev 2023; 43:55-211. [PMID: 36111795 DOI: 10.1002/med.21923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Dopamine is a biologically active amine synthesized in the central and peripheral nervous system. This biogenic monoamine acts by activating five types of dopamine receptors (D1-5 Rs), which belong to the G protein-coupled receptor family. Antagonists and partial agonists of D2 Rs are used to treat schizophrenia, Parkinson's disease, depression, and anxiety. The typical pharmacophore with high D2 R affinity comprises four main areas, namely aromatic moiety, cyclic amine, central linker and aromatic/heteroaromatic lipophilic fragment. From the literature reviewed herein, we can conclude that 4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl), 4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-, 4-(benzo[b]thiophen-4-yl)-1-substituted piperazine, and 4-(6-fluorobenzo[d]isoxazol-3-yl)piperidine moieties are critical for high D2 R affinity. Four to six atoms chains are optimal for D2 R affinity with 4-butoxyl as the most pronounced one. The bicyclic aromatic/heteroaromatic systems are most frequently occurring as lipophilic appendages to retain high D2 R affinity. In this review, we provide a thorough overview of the therapeutic potential of D2 R modulators in the treatment of the aforementioned disorders. In addition, this review summarizes current knowledge about these diseases, with a focus on the dopaminergic pathway underlying these pathologies. Major attention is paid to the structure, function, and pharmacology of novel D2 R ligands, which have been developed in the last decade (2010-2021), and belong to the 1,4-disubstituted aromatic cyclic amine group. Due to the abundance of data, allosteric D2 R ligands and D2 R modulators from patents are not discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radomir Juza
- Experimental Neurobiology, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Musilek
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.,Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Mezeiova
- Experimental Neurobiology, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic.,Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Soukup
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Korabecny
- Experimental Neurobiology, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic.,Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
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26
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Molecular Mechanism and Role of Japanese Encephalitis Virus Infection in Central Nervous System-Mediated Diseases. Viruses 2022; 14:v14122686. [PMID: 36560690 PMCID: PMC9781168 DOI: 10.3390/v14122686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is the most common cause of neurodegenerative disease in Southeast Asia and the Western Pacific region; approximately 1.15 billion people are at risk, and thousands suffer from permanent neurological disorders across Asian countries, with 10-15 thousand people dying each year. JEV crosses the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and forms a complex with receptors on the surface of neurons. GRP78, Src, TLR7, caveolin-1, and dopamine receptor D2 are involved in JEV binding and entry into the neurons, and these receptors also play a role in carcinogenic activity in cells. JEV binds to GRP78, a member of the HSP70 overexpressed on malignant cells to enter neurons, indicating a higher chance of JEV infection in cancer patients. However, JEV enters human brain microvascular endothelial cells via an endocytic pathway mediated by caveolae and the ezrin protein and also targets dopamine-rich areas for infection of the midbrain via altering dopamine levels. In addition, JEV complexed with CLEC5A receptor of macrophage cells is involved in the breakdown of the BBB and central nervous system (CNS) inflammation. CLEC5A-mediated infection is also responsible for the influx of cytokines into the CNS. In this review, we discuss the neuronal and macrophage surface receptors involved in neuronal death.
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Qian Y, Ma Z, Liu C, Li X, Zhu X, Wang N, Xu Z, Xia R, Liang J, Duan Y, Yin H, Xiong Y, Zhang A, Guo C, Chen Z, Huang Z, He Y. Structural insights into adhesion GPCR ADGRL3 activation and G q, G s, G i, and G 12 coupling. Mol Cell 2022; 82:4340-4352.e6. [PMID: 36309016 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2022.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Adhesion G-protein-coupled receptors (aGPCRs) play key roles in a diversity of physiologies. A hallmark of aGPCR activation is the removal of the inhibitory GAIN domain and the dipping of the cleaved stalk peptide into the ligand-binding pocket of receptors; however, the detailed mechanism remains obscure. Here, we present cryoelectron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of ADGRL3 in complex with Gq, Gs, Gi, and G12. The structures reveal unique ligand-engaging mode, distinctive activation conformation, and key mechanisms of aGPCR activation. The structures also reveal the uncharted structural information of GPCR/G12 coupling. A comparison of Gq, Gs, Gi, and G12 engagements with ADGRL3 reveals the key determinant of G-protein coupling on the far end of αH5 of Gα. A detailed analysis of the engagements allows us to design mutations that specifically enhance one pathway over others. Taken together, our study lays the groundwork for understanding aGPCR activation and G-protein-coupling selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Qian
- Laboratory of Receptor Structure and Signaling, HIT Center for Life Sciences, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; HIT Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Zhengxiong Ma
- Laboratory of Receptor Structure and Signaling, HIT Center for Life Sciences, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Chunhong Liu
- HIT Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Xinzhi Li
- HIT Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Xinyan Zhu
- Laboratory of Receptor Structure and Signaling, HIT Center for Life Sciences, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Na Wang
- Laboratory of Receptor Structure and Signaling, HIT Center for Life Sciences, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Zhenmei Xu
- Laboratory of Receptor Structure and Signaling, HIT Center for Life Sciences, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Ruixue Xia
- Laboratory of Receptor Structure and Signaling, HIT Center for Life Sciences, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Jiale Liang
- Laboratory of Receptor Structure and Signaling, HIT Center for Life Sciences, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yaning Duan
- Laboratory of Receptor Structure and Signaling, HIT Center for Life Sciences, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Han Yin
- Laboratory of Receptor Structure and Signaling, HIT Center for Life Sciences, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yangjie Xiong
- Laboratory of Receptor Structure and Signaling, HIT Center for Life Sciences, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Anqi Zhang
- HIT Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Changyou Guo
- HIT Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Zheng Chen
- HIT Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Zhiwei Huang
- HIT Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Yuanzheng He
- Laboratory of Receptor Structure and Signaling, HIT Center for Life Sciences, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
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Peng X, Yang L, Liu Z, Lou S, Mei S, Li M, Chen Z, Zhang H. Structural basis for recognition of antihistamine drug by human histamine receptor. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6105. [PMID: 36243875 PMCID: PMC9569329 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33880-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The histamine receptors belong to the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) superfamily, and play important roles in the regulation of histamine and other neurotransmitters in the central nervous system, as potential targets for the treatment of neurologic and psychiatric disorders. Here we report the crystal structure of human histamine receptor H3R bound to an antagonist PF-03654746 at 2.6 Å resolution. Combined with the computational and functional assays, our structure reveals binding modes of the antagonist and allosteric cholesterol. Molecular dynamic simulations and molecular docking of different antihistamines further elucidate the conserved ligand-binding modes. These findings are therefore expected to facilitate the structure-based design of novel antihistamines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqian Peng
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XHangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, Zhejiang China
| | - Linlin Yang
- grid.207374.50000 0001 2189 3846Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 450052 Zhengzhou, Henan China
| | - Zixuan Liu
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XHangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, Zhejiang China
| | - Siyi Lou
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XHangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, Zhejiang China
| | - Shiliu Mei
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XHangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, Zhejiang China
| | - Meiling Li
- grid.207374.50000 0001 2189 3846Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 450052 Zhengzhou, Henan China
| | - Zhong Chen
- grid.268505.c0000 0000 8744 8924Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 310053 Hangzhou, Zhejiang China
| | - Haitao Zhang
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XHangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, Zhejiang China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XThe Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310009 Hangzhou, Zhejiang China
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Selçuk B, Erol I, Durdağı S, Adebali O. Evolutionary association of receptor-wide amino acids with G protein-coupling selectivity in aminergic GPCRs. Life Sci Alliance 2022; 5:e202201439. [PMID: 35613896 PMCID: PMC9133432 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202201439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) induce signal transduction pathways through coupling to four main subtypes of G proteins (Gs, Gi, Gq, and G12/13), selectively. However, G protein selective activation mechanisms and residual determinants in GPCRs have remained obscure. Herein, we performed extensive phylogenetic analysis and identified specifically conserved residues for the aminergic receptors having similar coupling profiles. By integrating our methodology of differential evolutionary conservation of G protein-specific amino acids with structural analyses, we identified specific activation networks for Gs, Gi1, Go, and Gq To validate that these networks could determine coupling selectivity we further analyzed Gs-specific activation network and its association with Gs selectivity. Through molecular dynamics simulations, we showed that previously uncharacterized Glycine at position 7x41 plays an important role in receptor activation and it may determine Gs coupling selectivity by facilitating a larger TM6 movement. Finally, we gathered our results into a comprehensive model of G protein selectivity called "sequential switches of activation" describing three main molecular switches controlling GPCR activation: ligand binding, G protein selective activation mechanisms, and G protein contact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berkay Selçuk
- Molecular Biology, Genetics and Bioengineering Program, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ismail Erol
- Computational Biology and Molecular Simulations Laboratory, Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Chemistry, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, Turkey
| | - Serdar Durdağı
- Computational Biology and Molecular Simulations Laboratory, Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ogün Adebali
- Molecular Biology, Genetics and Bioengineering Program, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Istanbul, Turkey
- TÜBiTAK Research Institute for Fundamental Sciences, Gebze, Turkey
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Identification of Novel Dopamine D2 Receptor Ligands—A Combined In Silico/In Vitro Approach. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144435. [PMID: 35889317 PMCID: PMC9318694 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Diseases of the central nervous system are an alarming global problem showing an increasing prevalence. Dopamine receptor D2 (D2R) has been shown to be involved in central nervous system diseases. While different D2R-targeting drugs have been approved by the FDA, they all suffer from major drawbacks due to promiscuous receptor activity leading to adverse effects. Increasing the number of potential D2R-targeting drug candidates bears the possibility of discovering molecules with less severe side-effect profiles. In dire need of novel D2R ligands for drug development, combined in silico/in vitro approaches have been shown to be efficient strategies. In this study, in silico pharmacophore models were generated utilizing both ligand- and structure-based approaches. Subsequently, different databases were screened for novel D2R ligands. Selected virtual hits were investigated in vitro, quantifying their binding affinity towards D2R. This workflow successfully identified six novel D2R ligands exerting micro- to nanomolar (most active compound KI = 4.1 nM) activities. Thus, the four pharmacophore models showed prospective true-positive hit rates in between 4.5% and 12%. The developed workflow and identified ligands could aid in developing novel drug candidates for D2R-associated pathologies.
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31
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Discovery of new chemotypes of dual 5-HT 2A/D 2 receptor antagonists with a strategy of drug design methodologies. Future Med Chem 2022; 14:963-989. [PMID: 35674007 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2021-0340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Through the application of structure- and ligand-based methods, the authors aimed to create an integrative approach to developing a computational protocol for the rational drug design of potent dual 5-HT2A/D2 receptor antagonists without off-target activities on H1 receptors. Materials & methods: Molecular dynamics and virtual docking methods were used to identify key interactions of the structurally diverse antagonists in the binding sites of the studied targets, and to generate their bioactive conformations for further 3D-quantitative structure-activity relationship modeling. Results & conclusion: Toward the goal of finding multi-potent drugs with a more effective and safer profile, the obtained results led to the design of a new set of dual antagonists and opened a new perspective on the therapy for complex brain diseases.
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32
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Casey AB, Cui M, Booth RG, Canal CE. "Selective" serotonin 5-HT 2A receptor antagonists. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 200:115028. [PMID: 35381208 PMCID: PMC9252399 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Blockade of the serotonin 5-HT2A G protein-coupled receptor (5-HT2AR) is a fundamental pharmacological characteristic of numerous antipsychotic medications, which are FDA-approved to treat schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and as adjunctive therapies in major depressive disorder. Meanwhile, activation of the 5-HT2AR by serotonergic psychedelics may be useful in treating neuropsychiatric indications, including major depressive and substance use disorders. Serotonergic psychedelics and other 5-HT2AR agonists, however, often bind other receptors, and standard 5-HT2AR antagonists lack sufficient selectivity to make well-founded mechanistic conclusions about the 5-HT2AR-dependent effects of these compounds and the general neurobiological function of 5-HT2ARs. This review discusses the limitations and strengths of currently available "selective" 5-HT2AR antagonists, the molecular determinants of antagonist selectivity at 5-HT2ARs, and the utility of molecular pharmacology and computational methods in guiding the discovery of novel unambiguously selective 5-HT2AR antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austen B Casey
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Meng Cui
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Center for Drug Discovery, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Raymond G Booth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Center for Drug Discovery, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Clinton E Canal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Mercer University Health Sciences Center, Mercer University, 3001 Mercer University Drive, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
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Li Y, Zhu Z, Sun L, Xiang Z, Chang C, Fan C. Physicochemical Insights on Terahertz Wave Diminished Side Effects of Drugs from Slow Dissociation. ACS NANO 2022; 16:8419-8426. [PMID: 35438483 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c02952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Dopamine D2 receptors (D2Rs) are one of the most intensely investigated and well-established drug targets for neuropsychiatric disorders. Selective D2R antagonists have been developed as efficacious antipsychotic drugs. Nevertheless, the potent drugs with necessarily high affinity are prone to slow dissociation, which invokes a plethora of severe side effects such as extrapyramidal symptoms, substantial weight gain, associated diabetes, etc. This has become a major barrier in treating psychiatric patients. In this work, we propose a physical method, terahertz wave modulation, to promote the dissociation of high-affinity antipsychotics and thus diminish the side effects. We have proven that a 4.0 THz wave could reduce the affinity by 71% between the D2R and a risperidone ligand and meanwhile expand the exit via conformation modulation, which promises an accelerated dissociation of risperidone. In addition, it is estimated that the enhancement of the dissociation rate due to lowered binding by terahertz irritation could constitute up to 8 orders of magnitude, which is fairly impressive and resembles the enzyme's catalysis. Also, acceleration of the dissociation rate could be adjusted by the irritation strength. This work elaborates the terahertz wave-modulated noncovalent interactions critical in cell signaling pathways. Most importantly, it demonstrates the feasibility of terahertz technologies intervening in receptor-ligand complex regulated diseases such as neurodegenerative disorders, metabolic diseases, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangmei Li
- Innovation Laboratory of Terahertz Biophysics, National Innovation Institute of Defense Technology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Zhi Zhu
- School of Optical-Electrical Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Lan Sun
- Innovation Laboratory of Terahertz Biophysics, National Innovation Institute of Defense Technology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Zuoxian Xiang
- Innovation Laboratory of Terahertz Biophysics, National Innovation Institute of Defense Technology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Chao Chang
- Innovation Laboratory of Terahertz Biophysics, National Innovation Institute of Defense Technology, Beijing 100071, China
- School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Chunhai Fan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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An original approach to measure ligand/receptor binding affinity in non-purified samples. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5400. [PMID: 35354858 PMCID: PMC8967833 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09217-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Several biochemical and biophysical methods are available to determine ligand binding affinities between a biological target and its ligands, most of which require purification, labelling or surface immobilisation. These measurements, however, remain challenging in regards to membrane proteins, as purification processes require their extraction from their native lipid environment, which may in turn impact receptor conformation and functionality. In this study, we have developed a novel experimental procedure using microscale thermophoresis (MST) directly from cell membrane fragments, to determine different ligand binding affinities to a membrane protein, the dopamine D2 receptor (D2R). In order to achieve this, two main challenges had to be overcome: determining the concentration of dopamine D2R in the crude sample; finding ways to minimize or account for non-specific binding of the ligand to cell fragments. Using MST, we were able to determine the D2R concentration in cell membrane fragments to approximately 36.8 ± 2.6 pmol/mg. Next, the doses-responses curves allowed for the determination of KD, to approximately 5.3 ± 1.7 nM, which is very close to the reported value. Important details of the experimental procedure have been detailed in this paper to allow the application of this novel method to various membrane proteins.
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Lipiński PFJ, Matalińska J. Fentanyl Structure as a Scaffold for Opioid/Non-Opioid Multitarget Analgesics. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052766. [PMID: 35269909 PMCID: PMC8910985 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the strategies in the search for safe and effective analgesic drugs is the design of multitarget analgesics. Such compounds are intended to have high affinity and activity at more than one molecular target involved in pain modulation. In the present contribution we summarize the attempts in which fentanyl or its substructures were used as a μ-opioid receptor pharmacophoric fragment and a scaffold to which fragments related to non-opioid receptors were attached. The non-opioid ‘second’ targets included proteins as diverse as imidazoline I2 binding sites, CB1 cannabinoid receptor, NK1 tachykinin receptor, D2 dopamine receptor, cyclooxygenases, fatty acid amide hydrolase and monoacylglycerol lipase and σ1 receptor. Reviewing the individual attempts, we outline the chemistry, the obtained pharmacological properties and structure-activity relationships. Finally, we discuss the possible directions for future work.
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36
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Moo EV, Harpsøe K, Hauser AS, Masuho I, Bräuner-Osborne H, Gloriam DE, Martemyanov KA. Ligand-directed bias of G protein signaling at the dopamine D 2 receptor. Cell Chem Biol 2022; 29:226-238.e4. [PMID: 34302750 PMCID: PMC8770702 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2021.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) represent the largest family of drug targets. Upon activation, GPCRs signal primarily via a diverse set of heterotrimeric G proteins. Most GPCRs can couple to several different G protein subtypes. However, how drugs act at GPCRs contributing to the selectivity of G protein recognition is poorly understood. Here, we examined the G protein selectivity profile of the dopamine D2 receptor (D2), a GPCR targeted by antipsychotic drugs. We show that D2 discriminates between six individual members of the Gi/o family, and its profile of functional selectivity is remarkably different across its ligands, which all engaged D2 with a distinct G protein coupling pattern. Using structural modeling, receptor mutagenesis, and pharmacological evaluation, we identified residues in the D2 binding pocket that shape these ligand-directed biases. We further provide pharmacogenomic evidence that natural variants in D2 differentially affect its G protein biases in response to different ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ee Von Moo
- Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA,Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kasper Harpsøe
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alexander S Hauser
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ikuo Masuho
- Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Hans Bräuner-Osborne
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - David E. Gloriam
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kirill A. Martemyanov
- Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
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Nicoli A, Dunkel A, Giorgino T, de Graaf C, Di Pizio A. Classification Model for the Second Extracellular Loop of Class A GPCRs. J Chem Inf Model 2022; 62:511-522. [PMID: 35113559 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.1c01056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The extracellular loop 2 (ECL2) is the longest and the most diverse loop among class A G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). It connects the transmembrane (TM) helices 4 and 5 and contains a highly conserved cysteine through which it is bridged with TM3. In this paper, experimental ECL2 structures were analyzed based on their sequences, shapes, and intramolecular contacts. To take into account the flexibility, we incorporated into our analyses information from the molecular dynamics trajectories available on the GPCRmd website. Despite the high sequence variability, shapes of the analyzed structures, defined by the backbone volume overlaps, can be clustered into seven main groups. Conformational differences within the clusters can be then identified by intramolecular interactions with other GPCR structural domains. Overall, our work provides a reorganization of the structural information of the ECL2 of class A GPCR subfamilies, highlighting differences and similarities on sequence and conformation levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Nicoli
- Leibniz Institute for Food Systems Biology at the Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Andreas Dunkel
- Leibniz Institute for Food Systems Biology at the Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Toni Giorgino
- Biophysics Institute, National Research Council (CNR-IBF), 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Chris de Graaf
- Sosei Heptares, Steinmetz Building, Granta Park, Great Abington, Cambridge CB21 6DG, U.K
| | - Antonella Di Pizio
- Leibniz Institute for Food Systems Biology at the Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
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Dissecting the Mechanism of Action of Spiperone-A Candidate for Drug Repurposing for Colorectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030776. [PMID: 35159043 PMCID: PMC8834219 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Despite advances in primary and adjuvant treatments, approximately 50% of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients still die from recurrence and metastatic disease. Thus, alternative and more effective therapeutic approaches are expected to be developed. Drug repurposing is increasing interest in cancer therapy, as it represents a cheaper and faster alternative strategy to de novo drug synthesis. Psychiatric medications are promising as a new generation of antitumor drugs. Here, we demonstrate that spiperone—a licensed drug for the treatment of schizophrenia—induces apoptosis in CRC cells. Our data reveal that spiperone’s cytotoxicity in CRC cells is mediated by phospholipase C activation, intracellular calcium homeostasis dysregulation, and irreversible endoplasmic reticulum stress induction, resulting in lipid metabolism alteration and Golgi apparatus damage. By identifying new targetable pathways in CRC cells, our findings represent a promising starting point for the design of novel therapeutic strategies for CRC. Abstract Approximately 50% of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients still die from recurrence and metastatic disease, highlighting the need for novel therapeutic strategies. Drug repurposing is attracting increasing attention because, compared to traditional de novo drug discovery processes, it may reduce drug development periods and costs. Epidemiological and preclinical evidence support the antitumor activity of antipsychotic drugs. Herein, we dissect the mechanism of action of the typical antipsychotic spiperone in CRC. Spiperone can reduce the clonogenic potential of stem-like CRC cells (CRC-SCs) and induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, in both differentiated and CRC-SCs, at clinically relevant concentrations whose toxicity is negligible for non-neoplastic cells. Analysis of intracellular Ca2+ kinetics upon spiperone treatment revealed a massive phospholipase C (PLC)-dependent endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ release, resulting in ER Ca2+ homeostasis disruption. RNA sequencing revealed unfolded protein response (UPR) activation, ER stress, and induction of apoptosis, along with IRE1-dependent decay of mRNA (RIDD) activation. Lipidomic analysis showed a significant alteration of lipid profile and, in particular, of sphingolipids. Damage to the Golgi apparatus was also observed. Our data suggest that spiperone can represent an effective drug in the treatment of CRC, and that ER stress induction, along with lipid metabolism alteration, represents effective druggable pathways in CRC.
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Kiss B, Krámos B, Laszlovszky I. Potential Mechanisms for Why Not All Antipsychotics Are Able to Occupy Dopamine D 3 Receptors in the Brain in vivo. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:785592. [PMID: 35401257 PMCID: PMC8987915 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.785592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysfunctions of the dopaminergic system are believed to play a major role in the core symptoms of schizophrenia such as positive, negative, and cognitive symptoms. The first line of treatment of schizophrenia are antipsychotics, a class of medications that targets several neurotransmitter receptors in the brain, including dopaminergic, serotonergic, adrenergic and/or muscarinic receptors, depending on the given agent. Although the currently used antipsychotics display in vitro activity at several receptors, majority of them share the common property of having high/moderate in vitro affinity for dopamine D2 receptors (D2Rs) and D3 receptors (D3Rs). In terms of mode of action, these antipsychotics are either antagonist or partial agonist at the above-mentioned receptors. Although D2Rs and D3Rs possess high degree of homology in their molecular structure, have common signaling pathways and similar in vitro pharmacology, they have different in vivo pharmacology and therefore behavioral roles. The aim of this review, with summarizing preclinical and clinical evidence is to demonstrate that while currently used antipsychotics display substantial in vitro affinity for both D3Rs and D2Rs, only very few can significantly occupy D3Rs in vivo. The relative importance of the level of endogenous extracellular dopamine in the brain and the degree of in vitro D3Rs receptor affinity and selectivity as determinant factors for in vivo D3Rs occupancy by antipsychotics, are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Béla Kiss
- Pharmacological and Drug Safety Research, Gedeon Richter Plc., Budapest, Hungary
| | - Balázs Krámos
- Spectroscopic Research Department, Gedeon Richter Plc., Budapest, Hungary
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Krishna Deepak RNV, Verma RK, Hartono YD, Yew WS, Fan H. Recent Advances in Structure, Function, and Pharmacology of Class A Lipid GPCRs: Opportunities and Challenges for Drug Discovery. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 15:12. [PMID: 35056070 PMCID: PMC8779880 DOI: 10.3390/ph15010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Great progress has been made over the past decade in understanding the structural, functional, and pharmacological diversity of lipid GPCRs. From the first determination of the crystal structure of bovine rhodopsin in 2000, much progress has been made in the field of GPCR structural biology. The extraordinary progress in structural biology and pharmacology of GPCRs, coupled with rapid advances in computational approaches to study receptor dynamics and receptor-ligand interactions, has broadened our comprehension of the structural and functional facets of the receptor family members and has helped usher in a modern age of structure-based drug design and development. First, we provide a primer on lipid mediators and lipid GPCRs and their role in physiology and diseases as well as their value as drug targets. Second, we summarize the current advancements in the understanding of structural features of lipid GPCRs, such as the structural variation of their extracellular domains, diversity of their orthosteric and allosteric ligand binding sites, and molecular mechanisms of ligand binding. Third, we close by collating the emerging paradigms and opportunities in targeting lipid GPCRs, including a brief discussion on current strategies, challenges, and the future outlook.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. N. V. Krishna Deepak
- Bioinformatics Institute, A*STAR, 30 Biopolis Street, Matrix #07-01, Singapore 138671, Singapore; (R.K.V.); (Y.D.H.)
| | - Ravi Kumar Verma
- Bioinformatics Institute, A*STAR, 30 Biopolis Street, Matrix #07-01, Singapore 138671, Singapore; (R.K.V.); (Y.D.H.)
| | - Yossa Dwi Hartono
- Bioinformatics Institute, A*STAR, 30 Biopolis Street, Matrix #07-01, Singapore 138671, Singapore; (R.K.V.); (Y.D.H.)
- Synthetic Biology Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 14 Medical Drive, Singapore 117599, Singapore;
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 8 Medical Drive, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Wen Shan Yew
- Synthetic Biology Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 14 Medical Drive, Singapore 117599, Singapore;
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 8 Medical Drive, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Hao Fan
- Bioinformatics Institute, A*STAR, 30 Biopolis Street, Matrix #07-01, Singapore 138671, Singapore; (R.K.V.); (Y.D.H.)
- Synthetic Biology Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 14 Medical Drive, Singapore 117599, Singapore;
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Chen Z, Fan L, Wang H, Yu J, Lu D, Qi J, Nie F, Luo Z, Liu Z, Cheng J, Wang S. Structure-based design of a novel third-generation antipsychotic drug lead with potential antidepressant properties. Nat Neurosci 2021; 25:39-49. [PMID: 34887590 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-021-00971-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Partial agonist activity at the dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) is a key feature of third-generation antipsychotics (TGAs). However, TGAs also act as antagonists or weak partial agonists to the serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) 2A receptor (5-HT2AR). Here we present the crystal structures of aripiprazole- and cariprazine-bound human 5-HT2AR. Both TGAs adopt an unexpected 'upside-down' pose in the 5-HT2AR binding pocket, with secondary pharmacophores inserted in a similar way to a 'bolt'. This insight into the binding modes of TGAs offered a structural mechanism underlying their varied partial efficacies at 5-HT2AR and DRD2. These structures enabled the design of a partial agonist at DRD2/3 and 5-HT1AR with negligible 5-HT2AR binding that displayed potent antipsychotic-like activity without motor side effects in mice. This TGA lead also had antidepressant-like effects and improved cognitive performance in mouse models via 5-HT1AR. This work indicates that 5-HT2AR affinity is a dispensable contributor to the therapeutic actions of TGAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangcheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Luyu Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Huan Wang
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Dengyu Lu
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technolog, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianzhong Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Fen Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhipu Luo
- Institute of Molecular Enzymology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technolog, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianjun Cheng
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Sheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
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Yan W, Fan L, Yu J, Liu R, Wang H, Tan L, Wang S, Cheng J. 2-Phenylcyclopropylmethylamine Derivatives as Dopamine D 2 Receptor Partial Agonists: Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation. J Med Chem 2021; 64:17239-17258. [PMID: 34797051 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Partial agonist activity at the dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) is the primary pharmacological feature of the third-generation antipsychotics─aripiprazole, brexpiprazole, and cariprazine. However, all these drugs share a common phenyl-piperazine moiety as the primary pharmacophore. In this study, we designed and synthesized a series of novel compounds based on the 2-phenylcyclopropylmethylamine (PCPMA) scaffold and studied their pharmacological activity at the D2R. A number of potent D2R partial agonists were identified through binding affinity screening and functional activity profiling in both G protein and β-arrestin assays. The structure-functional activity relationship results showed that the spacer group is crucial for fine-tuning the intrinsic activity of these compounds. Compounds (+)-14j and (+)-14l showed good pharmacokinetic properties and an unexpected selectivity against the serotonin 2A (5-HT2A) receptor. Preliminary suppressive effects in a mouse hyperlocomotion model proved that these PCPMA-derived D2R partial agonists are effective as potential novel antipsychotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhong Yan
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Luyu Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Jing Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Ruiquan Liu
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Huan Wang
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Liang Tan
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Jianjun Cheng
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
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da Silva SR, Kalaba P, Fabišiková A, Zehl M, Dragačević V, Dos Anjos LR, Neill PJ, Wieder M, Prado-Roller A, Gajic N, Palaretti V, da Silva GVJ, Pifl C, Lubec G, Gonzalez ERP. Synthesis and dopamine receptor binding of dihydrexidine and SKF 38393 catecholamine-based analogues. Amino Acids 2021; 54:85-98. [PMID: 34842969 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-021-03106-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Dopamine is an important neurotransmitter that regulates numerous essential functions, including cognition and voluntary movement. As such, it serves as an important scaffold for synthesis of novel analogues as part of drug development effort to obtain drugs for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease. To that end, similarity search of the ZINC database based on two known dopamine-1 receptor (D1R) agonists, dihydrexidine (DHX) and SKF 38393, respectively, was used to predict novel chemical entities with potential binding to D1R. Three compounds that showed the highest similarity index were selected for synthesis and bioactivity profiling. All main synthesis products as well as the isolated intermediates, were properly characterized. The physico-chemical analyses were performed using HRESIMS, GC/MS, LC/MS with UV-Vis detection, and FTIR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopy. Binding to D1 and D2 receptors and inhibition of dopamine reuptake via dopamine transporter were measured for the synthesized analogues of DHX and SKF 38393.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzane Rosa da Silva
- Laboratory of Fine Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Technology of São Paulo State University, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, 19060-900, Brazil
| | - Predrag Kalaba
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstraße 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna Fabišiková
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 38, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Zehl
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 38, 1090, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 38, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Vladimir Dragačević
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstraße 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Luana Ribeiro Dos Anjos
- Laboratory of Fine Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Technology of São Paulo State University, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, 19060-900, Brazil
| | - Philip John Neill
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstraße 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marcus Wieder
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstraße 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander Prado-Roller
- Centre for X-Ray Structure Analysis at Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 40-42, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Natalie Gajic
- Centre for X-Ray Structure Analysis at Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 40-42, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Vinicius Palaretti
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida dos Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-901, Brazil
| | - Gil Valdo Jose da Silva
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida dos Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-901, Brazil
| | - Christian Pifl
- Department of Molecular Neurosciences, Centre for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 4, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gert Lubec
- Department of Neuroproteomics, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020, Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Eduardo R Perez Gonzalez
- Laboratory of Fine Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Technology of São Paulo State University, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, 19060-900, Brazil.
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44
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Krishnan SR, Bung N, Vangala SR, Srinivasan R, Bulusu G, Roy A. De Novo Structure-Based Drug Design Using Deep Learning. J Chem Inf Model 2021; 62:5100-5109. [PMID: 34792338 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.1c01319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, deep learning-based methods have emerged as promising tools for de novo drug design. Most of these methods are ligand-based, where an initial target-specific ligand data set is necessary to design potent molecules with optimized properties. Although there have been attempts to develop alternative ways to design target-specific ligand data sets, availability of such data sets remains a challenge while designing molecules against novel target proteins. In this work, we propose a deep learning-based method, where the knowledge of the active site structure of the target protein is sufficient to design new molecules. First, a graph attention model was used to learn the structure and features of the amino acids in the active site of proteins that are experimentally known to form protein-ligand complexes. Next, the learned active site features were used along with a pretrained generative model for conditional generation of new molecules. A bioactivity prediction model was then used in a reinforcement learning framework to optimize the conditional generative model. We validated our method against two well-studied proteins, Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) and dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2), where we produce molecules similar to the known inhibitors. The graph attention model could identify the probable key active site residues, which influenced the conditional molecule generator to design new molecules with pharmacophoric features similar to the known inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Navneet Bung
- TCS Research (Life Sciences Division), Tata Consultancy Services Limited, Hyderabad 500081, India
| | - Sarveswara Rao Vangala
- TCS Research (Life Sciences Division), Tata Consultancy Services Limited, Hyderabad 500081, India
| | - Rajgopal Srinivasan
- TCS Research (Life Sciences Division), Tata Consultancy Services Limited, Hyderabad 500081, India
| | - Gopalakrishnan Bulusu
- TCS Research (Life Sciences Division), Tata Consultancy Services Limited, Hyderabad 500081, India
| | - Arijit Roy
- TCS Research (Life Sciences Division), Tata Consultancy Services Limited, Hyderabad 500081, India
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Nass K, Bacellar C, Cirelli C, Dworkowski F, Gevorkov Y, James D, Johnson PJM, Kekilli D, Knopp G, Martiel I, Ozerov D, Tolstikova A, Vera L, Weinert T, Yefanov O, Standfuss J, Reiche S, Milne CJ. Pink-beam serial femtosecond crystallography for accurate structure-factor determination at an X-ray free-electron laser. IUCRJ 2021; 8:905-920. [PMID: 34804544 PMCID: PMC8562661 DOI: 10.1107/s2052252521008046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Serial femtosecond crystallography (SFX) at X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) enables essentially radiation-damage-free macromolecular structure determination using microcrystals that are too small for synchrotron studies. However, SFX experiments often require large amounts of sample in order to collect highly redundant data where some of the many stochastic errors can be averaged out to determine accurate structure-factor amplitudes. In this work, the capability of the Swiss X-ray free-electron laser (SwissFEL) was used to generate large-bandwidth X-ray pulses [Δλ/λ = 2.2% full width at half-maximum (FWHM)], which were applied in SFX with the aim of improving the partiality of Bragg spots and thus decreasing sample consumption while maintaining the data quality. Sensitive data-quality indicators such as anomalous signal from native thaumatin micro-crystals and de novo phasing results were used to quantify the benefits of using pink X-ray pulses to obtain accurate structure-factor amplitudes. Compared with data measured using the same setup but using X-ray pulses with typical quasi-monochromatic XFEL bandwidth (Δλ/λ = 0.17% FWHM), up to fourfold reduction in the number of indexed diffraction patterns required to obtain similar data quality was achieved. This novel approach, pink-beam SFX, facilitates the yet underutilized de novo structure determination of challenging proteins at XFELs, thereby opening the door to more scientific breakthroughs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karol Nass
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Forschungstrasse 111, Villigen 5232, Switzerland
| | - Camila Bacellar
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Forschungstrasse 111, Villigen 5232, Switzerland
| | - Claudio Cirelli
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Forschungstrasse 111, Villigen 5232, Switzerland
| | - Florian Dworkowski
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Forschungstrasse 111, Villigen 5232, Switzerland
| | - Yaroslav Gevorkov
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, Hamburg 22607, Germany
| | - Daniel James
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Forschungstrasse 111, Villigen 5232, Switzerland
| | | | - Demet Kekilli
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Forschungstrasse 111, Villigen 5232, Switzerland
| | - Gregor Knopp
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Forschungstrasse 111, Villigen 5232, Switzerland
| | - Isabelle Martiel
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Forschungstrasse 111, Villigen 5232, Switzerland
| | - Dmitry Ozerov
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Forschungstrasse 111, Villigen 5232, Switzerland
| | - Alexandra Tolstikova
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, Hamburg 22607, Germany
| | - Laura Vera
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Forschungstrasse 111, Villigen 5232, Switzerland
| | - Tobias Weinert
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Forschungstrasse 111, Villigen 5232, Switzerland
| | - Oleksandr Yefanov
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, Hamburg 22607, Germany
| | - Jörg Standfuss
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Forschungstrasse 111, Villigen 5232, Switzerland
| | - Sven Reiche
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Forschungstrasse 111, Villigen 5232, Switzerland
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Free RB, Cuoco CA, Xie B, Namkung Y, Prabhu VV, Willette BKA, Day MM, Sanchez-Soto M, Lane JR, Laporte SA, Shi L, Allen JE, Sibley DR. Pharmacological characterization of the imipridone anti-cancer drug ONC201 reveals a negative allosteric mechanism of action at the D 2 dopamine receptor. Mol Pharmacol 2021; 100:372-387. [PMID: 34353882 DOI: 10.1124/molpharm.121.000336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
ONC201 is a first-in-class imipridone compound that is in clinical trials for the treatment of high-grade gliomas and other advanced cancers. Recent studies identified that ONC201 antagonizes D2-like dopamine receptors at therapeutically relevant concentrations. In the current study, characterization of ONC201 using radioligand binding and multiple functional assays revealed that it was a full antagonist of the D2 and D3 receptors (D2R and D3R) with low micromolar potencies, similar to its potency for anti-proliferative effects. Curve-shift experiments using D2R-mediated b-arrestin recruitment and cAMP assays revealed that ONC201 exhibited a mixed form of antagonism. An operational model of allostery was used to analyze these data, which suggested that the predominant modulatory effect of ONC201 was on dopamine efficacy with little to no effect on dopamine affinity. To investigate how ONC201 binds to the D2R, we employed scanning mutagenesis coupled with a D2R-mediated calcium efflux assay. Eight residues were identified as being important for ONC201's functional antagonism of the D2R. Mutation of these residues followed by assessing ONC201 antagonism in multiple signaling assays highlighted specific residues involved in ONC201 binding. Together with computational modeling and simulation studies, our results suggest that ONC201 interacts with the D2R in a bitopic manner where the imipridone core of the molecule protrudes into the orthosteric binding site, but does not compete with dopamine, whereas a secondary phenyl ring engages an allosteric binding pocket that may be associated with negative modulation of receptor activity. Significance Statement ONC201 is a novel antagonist of the D2 dopamine receptor with demonstrated efficacy in the treatment of various cancers, especially high-grade glioma. In this study, we demonstrate that it antagonizes the D2 receptor with novel bitopic and negative allosteric mechanisms of action, which may explain its high selectivity and some of its clinical anti-cancer properties that are distinct from other D2 receptor antagonists widely used for the treatment of schizophrenia and other neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Benjamin Free
- Molecular Neuropharmacology Section, NIH / NINDS, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - J Robert Lane
- Universities of Birmingham and Nottingham, United Kingdom
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Egyed A, Kelemen ÁA, Vass M, Visegrády A, Thee SA, Wang Z, de Graaf C, Brea J, Loza MI, Leurs R, Keserű GM. Controlling the selectivity of aminergic GPCR ligands from the extracellular vestibule. Bioorg Chem 2021; 111:104832. [PMID: 33826962 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In addition to the orthosteric binding pocket (OBP) of GPCRs, recent structural studies have revealed that there are several allosteric sites available for pharmacological intervention. The secondary binding pocket (SBP) of aminergic GPCRs is located in the extracellular vestibule of these receptors, and it has been suggested to be a potential selectivity pocket for bitopic ligands. Here, we applied a virtual screening protocol based on fragment docking to the SBP of the orthosteric ligand-receptor complex. This strategy was employed for a number of aminergic receptors. First, we designed dopamine D3 preferring bitopic compounds from a D2 selective orthosteric ligand. Next, we designed 5-HT2B selective bitopic compounds starting from the 5-HT1B preferring ergoline core of LSD. Comparing the serotonergic profiles of the new derivatives to that of LSD, we found that these derivatives became significantly biased towards the desired 5-HT2B receptor target. Finally, addressing the known limitations of H1 antihistamines, our protocol was successfully used to eliminate the well-known side effects related to the muscarinic M1 activity of amitriptyline while preserving H1 potency in some of the designed bitopic compounds. These applications highlight the usefulness of our new virtual screening protocol and offer a powerful strategy towards bitopic GPCR ligands with designed receptor profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Attila Egyed
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Group, Research Center for Natural Sciences Magyar tudósok krt. 2, Budapest, H-1117, Hungary
| | - Ádám A Kelemen
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Group, Research Center for Natural Sciences Magyar tudósok krt. 2, Budapest, H-1117, Hungary
| | - Márton Vass
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Group, Research Center for Natural Sciences Magyar tudósok krt. 2, Budapest, H-1117, Hungary; Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, Amsterdam, 1081 HZ, Netherlands
| | | | - Stephanie A Thee
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, Amsterdam, 1081 HZ, Netherlands
| | - Zhiyong Wang
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, Amsterdam, 1081 HZ, Netherlands
| | - Chris de Graaf
- Sosei Heptares, Steinmetz Granta Park, Great Abington, Cambridge CB21 6DG, UK
| | - Jose Brea
- Innopharma Screening Platform, BioFarma Research Group, Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Maria Isabel Loza
- Innopharma Screening Platform, BioFarma Research Group, Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Rob Leurs
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, Amsterdam, 1081 HZ, Netherlands
| | - György M Keserű
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Group, Research Center for Natural Sciences Magyar tudósok krt. 2, Budapest, H-1117, Hungary.
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48
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Radan M, Bošković J, Dobričić V, Čudina O, Nikolić K. Current computer-aided drug design methodologies in discovery of novel drug candidates for neuropsychiatric and inflammatory diseases. ARHIV ZA FARMACIJU 2021. [DOI: 10.5937/arhfarm71-32523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug discovery and development is a very challenging, expensive and time-consuming process. Impressive technological advances in computer sciences and molecular biology have made it possible to use computer-aided drug design (CADD) methods in various stages of the drug discovery and development pipeline. Nowadays, CADD presents an efficacious and indispensable tool, widely used in medicinal chemistry, to lead rational drug design and synthesis of novel compounds. In this article, an overview of commonly used CADD approaches from hit identification to lead optimization was presented. Moreover, different aspects of design of multitarget ligands for neuropsychiatric and anti-inflammatory diseases were summarized. Apparently, designing multi-target directed ligands for treatment of various complex diseases may offer better efficacy, and fewer side effects. Antipsychotics that act through aminergic G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), especially Dopamine D2 and serotonin 5-HT2A receptors, are the best option for treatment of various symptoms associated with neuropsychiatric disorders. Furthermore, multi-target directed cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) inhibitors are also a successful approach to aid the discovery of new anti-inflammatory drugs with fewer side effects. Overall, employing CADD approaches in the process of rational drug design provides a great opportunity for future development, allowing rapid identification of compounds with the optimal polypharmacological profile.
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