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Labella J, López-Serrano E, Aranda D, Mayoral MJ, Ortí E, Torres T. The key role of chirality and peripheral substitution in the columnar organization of bowl-shaped subphthalocyanines. Chem Sci 2024; 15:13760-13767. [PMID: 39211501 PMCID: PMC11352688 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc03976a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The columnar arrangement of bowl-shaped aromatics is a promising strategy for producing high-performing semiconductors. However, the structural factors that dictate the self-assembly of these molecules remain poorly understood. Herein, we show how chirality and peripheral substitution affect the columnar assembly of subphthalocyanines (SubPcs) in solution. Both aspects are found to influence the structure, stability, and formation mechanism of the supramolecular polymer obtained. Whereas enantiopure tri-substituted SubPcs cooperatively polymerize into homochiral head-to-tail arrays, racemic mixtures socially self-sort, leading to heterochiral columnar polymers. In sharp contrast, hexa-substituted SubPcs polymerize following an isodesmic mechanism, producing highly robust columnar systems. As elucidated by molecular dynamics calculations, the conformational flexibility of these SubPcs, as well as the number of peripheral groups able to intermolecularly interact, underlie these significant differences. The results presented herein pave the way for the realistic application of bowl-shaped π-compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Labella
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Campus de Cantoblanco, C/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Elisa López-Serrano
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Campus de Cantoblanco, C/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Daniel Aranda
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universidad de Valencia 46980 Paterna Spain
- Andalucía Tech, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Química Física, Universidad de Málaga 29071 Málaga Spain
| | - María J Mayoral
- Inorganic Chemistry Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid 28040 Madrid Spain
| | - Enrique Ortí
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universidad de Valencia 46980 Paterna Spain
| | - Tomás Torres
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Campus de Cantoblanco, C/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7 28049 Madrid Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Madrid Spain
- IMDEA - Nanociencia C/Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid Spain
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2
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Zellmann-Parrotta CO, Williams VE. Useful synthetic artifacts? The impact of ubiquitous linker-adjacent groups on the self-assembly of discotic dimers. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:4504-4514. [PMID: 38804153 DOI: 10.1039/d4sm00425f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Although discotic dimers commonly feature bulky ether substituents adjacent to the linking group, the impact of these chains on self-assembly remains unclear. A series of dibenzo[a,c]phenazine dimers with alkoxy groups ortho to the linker were prepared and their solution conformational dynamics and liquid crystalline properties examined. The presence of a methoxy substitutent adjacent to the bridging group increased the phase stability, whereas longer chains dramatically decreased clearing temperatures. NMR solution studies indicated that adjacent groups increased the preference of dimers to adopt unfolded conformers. DFT models indicated that the unfolded structures were nonplanar and hence less compatible with columnar ordering, leading to a destabilization of the mesophases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vance E Williams
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, V5A 1S6, BC, Canada.
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3
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Pan Q, Gu ZX, Zhou RJ, Feng ZJ, Xiong YA, Sha TT, You YM, Xiong RG. The past 10 years of molecular ferroelectrics: structures, design, and properties. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:5781-5861. [PMID: 38690681 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00262d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Ferroelectricity, which has diverse important applications such as memory elements, capacitors, and sensors, was first discovered in a molecular compound, Rochelle salt, in 1920 by Valasek. Owing to their superiorities of lightweight, biocompatibility, structural tunability, mechanical flexibility, etc., the past decade has witnessed the renaissance of molecular ferroelectrics as promising complementary materials to commercial inorganic ferroelectrics. Thus, on the 100th anniversary of ferroelectricity, it is an opportune time to look into the future, specifically into how to push the boundaries of material design in molecular ferroelectric systems and finally overcome the hurdles to their commercialization. Herein, we present a comprehensive and accessible review of the appealing development of molecular ferroelectrics over the past 10 years, with an emphasis on their structural diversity, chemical design, exceptional properties, and potential applications. We believe that it will inspire intense, combined research efforts to enrich the family of high-performance molecular ferroelectrics and attract widespread interest from physicists and chemists to better understand the structure-function relationships governing improved applied functional device engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Pan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, P. R. China.
| | - Zhu-Xiao Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, P. R. China.
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, P. R. China.
| | - Ru-Jie Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, P. R. China.
| | - Zi-Jie Feng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, P. R. China.
| | - Yu-An Xiong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, P. R. China.
| | - Tai-Ting Sha
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, P. R. China.
| | - Yu-Meng You
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, P. R. China.
| | - Ren-Gen Xiong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, P. R. China.
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Murakami H, Iwabuchi H, Asari M, Yamada H, Kuzuhara D. Bowl-Shaped Kekulene Analogues: Cycloarenes with two Five-Membered Rings. Chemistry 2024:e202401828. [PMID: 38818658 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Kekulene, a cycloarene composed of 12 fused benzene rings in a circular arrangement, exhibits a highly planar and robust structure. Kekulene has been the subject of investigation into its aromaticity and electronic structure, particularly in relation to the cyclic benzenoid. We have successfully synthesized novel bowl-shaped kekulene analogues with five-membered rings incorporated into the kekulene structure. The results of DFT calculations and VT-NMR spectra indicate that inversion of their concave-convex structures occurs at room temperature. The NICS and AICD plots predict that the Clar's type resonance structure is found in a manner analogous to the pristine kekulene, albeit with the interruption of the π-conjugation on the sp3 carbons at the five-membered rings. Despite the presence of the Clar's resonance structure, the Diels-Alder reaction proceeded smoothly with a dienophile, in contrast to the behavior of planar kekulene derivatives. This study will lead to the creation of novel bowl-shaped compounds and development of reactivity in aromatic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideyuki Murakami
- Department of Physical Science and Materials Engineering, Iwate University, 4-3-5 Ueda, Morioka, 020-8551, Japan
| | - Hiroki Iwabuchi
- Department of Physical Science and Materials Engineering, Iwate University, 4-3-5 Ueda, Morioka, 020-8551, Japan
| | - Miki Asari
- Department of Physical Science and Materials Engineering, Iwate University, 4-3-5 Ueda, Morioka, 020-8551, Japan
| | - Hiroko Yamada
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Daiki Kuzuhara
- Department of Physical Science and Materials Engineering, Iwate University, 4-3-5 Ueda, Morioka, 020-8551, Japan
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Ogura Y, Akiyama A, Kohri M, Kishikawa K. Positions of Chiral Alkoxy Groups Responsible for Ferroelectricity in a Columnar Liquid Crystal Phase of Diphenylureas with Six Alkoxy Groups. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:3775-3783. [PMID: 38569005 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.4c00642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
The columnar polarization direction of ferroelectric columnar liquid crystals can be switched by applying an external electric field, and the polarization direction can be maintained, even after the electric field is removed. If the polarization direction of each column in ferroelectric columnar liquid crystals can be switched and maintained, then ultrahigh-density memory devices can be generated. Recently, we found that the columnar phase of N,N'-bis(3,4,5-tri(S)-citronellyloxyphenyl)urea (Urea-(S)-cit) shows ferroelectricity, whereas that of N,N'-bis(3,4,5-tridecyloxyphenyl)urea (Urea-10) does not. However, the mechanisms by which the six chiral alkoxy groups in Urea-(S)-cit generate ferroelectricity have not been determined. In this study, we regioselectively synthesized four diphenylurea compounds containing (S)-citronellyloxy and decyloxy groups, i.e., N,N'-bis(3,5-di((S)-citronellyloxy)-4-decyloxyphenyl)urea (1), N,N'-bis(4-((S)-citronellyloxy)-3,5-didecyloxyphenyl)urea (2), N,N'-bis(3-((S)-citronellyloxy)-4,5-didecyloxyphenyl)urea (3), and N,N'-bis(3,4-di((S)-citronellyloxy)-5-decyloxyphenyl)urea (4), and investigated which chiral alkoxy group at which position is strongly responsible for the ferroelectricity. The chiral alkoxy groups at 3- and 5-positions of the phenyl groups were clarified to play a significant role in the generation of ferroelectricity. Furthermore, a comparison of these four compounds based on circular dichroism spectroscopy and second harmonic generation experiments revealed the relationship between the helical structure order and the stability of the polarized structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiki Ogura
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Azumi Akiyama
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Michinari Kohri
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
- Molecular Chirality Research Center, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Keiki Kishikawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
- Molecular Chirality Research Center, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
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6
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Kasprzak A. Supramolecular Chemistry of Sumanene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202318437. [PMID: 38231540 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202318437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Sumanene is a buckybowl molecule that is continuously attracting the attention of the scientific community because of its unique geometrical and physicochemical properties. This Minireview systematically summarizes advances and considerations regarding the applied supramolecular chemistry of sumanene. This work highlights the major fields in which potential or real applications of sumanene molecule have been reported to date, such as the design of sumanene-containing functional supramolecular materials and architectures, sumanene-based drug-delivery systems, or sumanene-tethered ion-selective molecular receptors. An assessment of the current status in the applied supramolecular chemistry of sumanene is provided, together with an emphasis on the key advances being made. Discussion on those milestones that are still to be achieved within this emerging field is also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artur Kasprzak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego Str. 3, 00-664, Warsaw, Poland
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Wu L, Li Y, Hua X, Ye L, Yuan C, Liu Z, Zhang HL, Shao X. Radical Cation Salts of Hetera-Buckybowls: Polar Crystals, Negative Thermal Expansion and Phase Transition. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202319587. [PMID: 38226832 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202319587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Radical cation salts of π-conjugated polycycles are rich in physical properties. Herein, two kinds of hetera-buckybowls, ethoxy-substituted trithiasumanene (3SEt) and triselenasumanene (3SeEt), are synthesized as electron donors. Galvanostatic oxidation of them affords radical cation salts (3SEt)5 (TTFMPB)3 , (3SeEt)5 (TTFMPB)3 , (3SEt)4 PMA, and (3SeEt)4 PMA, where PMA is Keggin-type phosphomolybdate and TTFMPB is tetrakis[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl]borate. In these salts, 3SEt/3SeEt are partially charged and show distinct conformation change with the site charge and counter anions. In TTFMPB salts, (TTFMPB)- forms hexagonal channels that accommodate the packing columns of 3SEt/3SeEt. In particular, (3SEt)5 (TTFMPB)3 adopts the R3c space group and is a polar crystal with the columns of 3SEt all in the up-bowl direction. The PMA salts of 3SEt/3SeEt are polar crystals (C2 space group) with 3SEt/3SeEt being planar and forming columnar stacks. (3SeEt)4 PMA shows a structural modulation below 200 K, namely, negative thermal expansion (NTE) of the unit cell volume and enlargement of the intermolecular distances between neighboring 3SeEt molecules. The four salts are semiconductors with an activation energy of 0.18-0.38 eV. The conductivity of (3SeEt)4 PMA shows a reversible transition upon cooling and heating, in accordance to the NTE structural modulation. This work paves the way toward conducting materials based on hetera-buckybowls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxi Wu
- Research Center for Free Radical Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Tianshui Southern Road 222, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Yecheng Li
- Research Center for Free Radical Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Tianshui Southern Road 222, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Xinqiang Hua
- Research Center for Free Radical Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Tianshui Southern Road 222, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Lei Ye
- Research Center for Free Radical Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Tianshui Southern Road 222, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Chengshan Yuan
- Research Center for Free Radical Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Tianshui Southern Road 222, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Zitong Liu
- Research Center for Free Radical Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Tianshui Southern Road 222, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Hao-Li Zhang
- Research Center for Free Radical Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Tianshui Southern Road 222, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Xiangfeng Shao
- Research Center for Free Radical Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Tianshui Southern Road 222, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, China
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Barman S, Pal A, Mukherjee A, Paul S, Datta A, Ghosh S. Supramolecular Organic Ferroelectric Materials from Donor-Acceptor Systems. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303120. [PMID: 37941296 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Organic ferroelectric (FE) materials, though known for more than a century, are yet to reach close to the benchmark of inorganic or hybrid materials in terms of the magnitude of polarization. Amongst the different classes of organic systems, donor (D)-acceptor (A) charge-transfer (CT) complexes are recognized as promising for ferroelectricity owing to their neutral-to-ionic phase transition at low temperature. This review presents an overview of different supramolecular D-A systems that have been explored for FE phase transitions. The discussion begins with a general introduction of ferroelectricity and its different associated parameters. Then it moves on to show early examples of CT cocrystals that have shown FE properties at sub-ambient temperature. Subsequently, recent developments in the field of room temperature (RT) ferroelectricity, exhibited by H-bond-stabilized lock-arm supramolecular-ordering (LASO) in D-A co-crystals or other FE CT-crystals devoid of neutral-ionic phase transition are discussed. Then the discussion moves on to emerging reports on other D-A soft materials such as gel and foldable polymers; finally it shows very recent developments in ferroelectricity in supramolecular assemblies of single-component dipolar or ambipolar π-systems, exhibiting intra-molecular charge transfer. The effects of structural nuances such as H-bonding, balanced charge transfer and chirality on the observed ferroelectricity is described with the available examples. Finally, piezoelectricity in recently reported ambipolar ADA-type systems are discussed to highlight the future potential of these soft materials in micropower energy harvesting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhankar Barman
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for Cultivation of Science, 2 A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, 700032, Kolkata, India
| | - Aritri Pal
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for Cultivation of Science, 2 A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, 700032, Kolkata, India
| | - Anurag Mukherjee
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for Cultivation of Science, 2 A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, 700032, Kolkata, India
| | - Swadesh Paul
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for Cultivation of Science, 2 A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, 700032, Kolkata, India
| | - Anuja Datta
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for Cultivation of Science, 2 A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, 700032, Kolkata, India
- Technical Research Center, Indian Association for Cultivation of Science, 2 A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, 700032, Kolkata, India
| | - Suhrit Ghosh
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for Cultivation of Science, 2 A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, 700032, Kolkata, India
- Technical Research Center, Indian Association for Cultivation of Science, 2 A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, 700032, Kolkata, India
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Huang XY, Luo YL, Zhu X, Deng X, Yan X, Wang YJ, Zhou L, Tang YY. A Sn-Based Hybrid Ferroelastic Semiconductor with High-Temperature Dielectric Switching. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:2525-2532. [PMID: 38252455 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Organic-inorganic halide hybrids have been extensively developed and used in optoelectronic devices because of their superior performance such as ease of assembly, flexible structural tunability, and excellent optoelectronic properties. Ferroelastic strain might be used to modulate and control photoelectric properties such as photovoltaic voltage, while organic-inorganic hybrid ferroelastic semiconductors remain relatively unexplored. Herein, we successfully design a new Sn-base, lead-free hybrid ferroelastic semiconductor, [TPMA]2[SnCl6] (TPMA = benzyl trimethylammonium). It undergoes a high-temperature -3mF-1-type ferroelastic phase transition at 408 K, and intriguingly, its ferroelastic domains can be simultaneously switched under the stimulation of external heat and stress. The ferroelastic phase transition might be derived from the order-disorder transition of organic cations during heating and cooling. Moreover, [TPMA]2[SnCl6] also demonstrates a high-temperature dielectric switching property around 408 K, which has good stability and reproducibility. With those benefits, [TPMA]2[SnCl6] shows great potential in applications such as energy storage devices, optoelectronic devices, shape memory, intelligent switches, and so on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yun Huang
- Ordered Matter Science Research Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Ling Luo
- Ordered Matter Science Research Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Zhu
- Ordered Matter Science Research Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Deng
- Ordered Matter Science Research Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Yan
- Ordered Matter Science Research Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Juan Wang
- Ordered Matter Science Research Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Ordered Matter Science Research Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Tang
- Ordered Matter Science Research Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, People's Republic of China
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Sambe K, Takeda T, Hoshino N, Matsuda W, Miura R, Tsujita K, Maruyama S, Yamamoto S, Seki S, Matsumoto Y, Akutagawa T. Ferroelectric Organic Semiconductor: [1]Benzothieno[3,2- b][1]benzothiophene-Bearing Hydrogen-Bonding -CONHC 14H 29 Chain. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:58711-58722. [PMID: 38055344 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c14476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
An alkylamide-substituted [1]benzothieno[3,2-b][1]benzothiophene (BTBT) derivative of BTBT-CONHC14H29 (1) and C8H17-BTBT-CONHC14H29 (2) were prepared to design the multifunctional organic materials, which can show both ferroelectric and semiconducting properties. Single-crystal X-ray structural analyses of short-chain (-CONHC3H7) derivatives revealed the coexistence of two-dimensional (2D) electronic band structures brought from a herringbone arrangement of the BTBT π core and the one-dimensional (1D) hydrogen-bonding chains of -CONHC3H7 chains. The thin films of 1 and 2 fabricated on the Si/SiO2 substrate surface have monolayer and bilayer structures, respectively, resulting in conducting layers parallel to the substrate surface, which is suitable for a channel layer of organic field-effect transistors (OFETs). The thin film of 1 indicated a hole mobility μFET = 2.4 × 10-5 cm2 V-1 s-1 and threshold voltage VTh = - 29 V, whereas that of 2 showed a μFET = 2.1 × 10-2 cm2 V-1 s-1 and threshold voltage VTh = -9.7 V. Both 1 and 2 formed the smectic E (SmE) phase above 410 and 369 K, respectively, where the existence of a hole transport pathway was confirmed in the SmE phase. The ferroelectric hysteresis behavior was observed in bulk 1 and 2 in the polarization-electric field (P-E) curves at the SmE phase. 1 showed the remanent polarization Pr = 2.3 μC cm-2 and coercive electric field Ec = 5.2 V μm-1, whereas the Pr and Ec of 2 were 3.4 μC cm-2 and 7.0 V μm-1 at the conditions of 453 K and 1 Hz. Introduction of alkylamide units into the BTBT π core has the potential to develop the external stimulus-responsive organic semiconductors brought from both ferroelectricity and semiconducting properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Sambe
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-07 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Takashi Takeda
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-07 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM), Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan
| | - Norihisa Hoshino
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Niigata 9050-2181, Japan
| | - Wakana Matsuda
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Riku Miura
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-07 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Kanae Tsujita
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-07 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Shingo Maruyama
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-07 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-07 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Shu Seki
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Yuji Matsumoto
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-07 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Akutagawa
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-07 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM), Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
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Shoji Y, Komiyama R, Kobayashi M, Kosaka A, Kajitani T, Haruki R, Kumai R, Adachi SI, Tada T, Karasawa N, Nakano H, Nakamura H, Sakurai H, Fukushima T. Collective bending motion of a two-dimensionally correlated bowl-stacked columnar liquid crystalline assembly under a shear force. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadg8202. [PMID: 37172082 PMCID: PMC10181172 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adg8202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Stacked teacups inspired the idea that columnar assemblies of stacked bowl-shaped molecules may exhibit a unique dynamic behavior, unlike usual assemblies of planar disc- and rod-shaped molecules. On the basis of the molecular design concept for creating higher-order discotic liquid crystals, found in our group, we synthesized a sumanene derivative with octyloxycarbonyl side chains. This molecule forms an ordered hexagonal columnar mesophase, but unexpectedly, the columnar assembly is very soft, similar to sugar syrup. It displays, upon application of a shear force on solid substrates, a flexible bending motion with continuous angle variations of bowl-stacked columns while preserving the two-dimensional hexagonal order. In general, alignment control of higher-order liquid crystals is difficult to achieve due to their high viscosity. The present system that brings together higher structural order and mechanical softness will spark interest in bowl-shaped molecules as a component for developing higher-order liquid crystals with unique mechanical and stimuli-responsive properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Shoji
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Ryo Komiyama
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Miki Kobayashi
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Atsuko Kosaka
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Takashi Kajitani
- Open Facility Development Office, Open Facility Center, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
| | - Rie Haruki
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - Reiji Kumai
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Adachi
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - Tomofumi Tada
- Kyushu University Platform of Inter/Transdisciplinary Energy Research, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Karasawa
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 2, 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nakano
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 2, 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
| | - Hisao Nakamura
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 2, 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
| | - Hidehiro Sakurai
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takanori Fukushima
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
- Living Systems Materialogy (LiSM) Research Group, International Research Frontiers Initiative (IRFI), Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
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12
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Tian X, Xiao Y, Wang S, Liu G, Zhang W, Zhou L, Gong J, Zhang X, Li X, Meng H, Wang J, Dai G, Wang Q. Bowl-Shaped Bispyrrole-Fused Perylene-diimide and Its Anions. Org Lett 2023; 25:1605-1610. [PMID: 36602376 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c04220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Incorporating two pyrrole subunits at the bay positions of perylene-diimide has been a long-pursued goal since 2009, but it has not been achieved due to high strain. Herein, via one step Buchwald-Hartwig reaction, PDI-2N was successfully generated with a bowl depth of 1.52 Å. Though with electron-rich pyrrole embedding, PDI-2N's radical anion and dianion were facilely prepared and were investigated both experimentally and theoretically. Moreover, PDI-2N crystallized in different manners under distinct conditions, and it formed tubular crystals with infinite two-directional columnar stacking under DMF conditions. This finding develops a dream bowl-shaped PDI derivative that holds great promise in organoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Tian
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, 235 West University Street, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Yao Xiao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, 235 West University Street, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Shuoyingjie Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, 235 West University Street, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Guanghua Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, 235 West University Street, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Wenhao Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, 235 West University Street, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Laiyun Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, 235 West University Street, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Jianye Gong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, 235 West University Street, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Xuejin Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, 235 West University Street, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science and Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - He Meng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, 235 West University Street, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Jianguo Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, 235 West University Street, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Gaole Dai
- College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121 Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Qing Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, 235 West University Street, Hohhot 010021, China
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13
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Qiu ZL, Cheng Y, Zeng Q, Wu Q, Zhao XJ, Xie RJ, Feng L, Liu K, Tan YZ. Synthesis and Interlayer Assembly of a Graphenic Bowl with Peripheral Selenium Annulation. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:3289-3293. [PMID: 36745399 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c12401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pentagonal cyclization at the bay positions of armchair-edged graphenic cores can build molecular bowls without the destruction of hexagonal lattices. However, this synthesis remains challenging due to unfavorable strain and the multiple reactions required. Here, we show that a new type of graphenic molecular bowl with a depth of 1.7 Å and a diameter of 1.2 nm is constructed by sextuple Se annulation at the bay positions of armchair-edged hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene. This graphenic bowl is functionalized with phenylseleno groups that stack into a discrete bilayer dimer in solution. Such a dimer exhibits high stability and survives in the gas phase after laser ablation. Strikingly, the asymmetric one-dimensional supramolecular columns of graphenic bowl with coherent stacking configuration are observed in the solid state, which results in a strong second harmonic generation with prominent polarization dependence. Our findings present a concise synthesis of a giant molecular bowl with a graphenic core and demonstrate the unique supramolecular assembly of extended graphenic bowls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Lin Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Yang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Frontiers Science Centre for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Qi Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Xin-Jing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Rong-Jie Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - LiuBin Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Kaihui Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Frontiers Science Centre for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yuan-Zhi Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
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14
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Nishimoto M, Uetake Y, Yakiyama Y, Sakurai H. Thermodynamic Differentiation of the Two Sides of Azabuckybowl through Complexation with Square Planar Platinum(II). Chem Asian J 2023; 18:e202201103. [PMID: 36404383 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202201103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The precise control of the two faces, concave/convex faces, is an attractive challenge to realizing novel dynamic molecular systems. Herein, we report the synthesis, X-ray crystal structure, and bowl-to-bowl inversion behavior of a platinum complex with azabuckybowl as a monodentate ligand. X-ray crystallography revealed that the azabuckybowl is orthogonally coordinated to the plane containing the Pt center and other ligands. One and two-dimensional NMR studies have also confirmed that this complex was observed as mixtures of two isomers, although the isomeric ratio was highly biased. Theoretical calculations indicate that the difference in thermodynamic stability of these isomers is due to the direction of the concave/convex face of an azabuckybowl ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikey Nishimoto
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuta Uetake
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.,Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI), Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yumi Yakiyama
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.,Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI), Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hidehiro Sakurai
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.,Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI), Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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15
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An organic-inorganic hybrid thermochromic ferroelastic with multi-channel switches. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.108127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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16
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Bohannon CA, Kwok MH, Huang J, Rui G, Li R, Zhu L, Zhao B. Smectic C Self-Assembly in Mesogen-Free Liquid Crystalline Chiral Polyethers with Sulfonylated Methyl-Branched Side Chains. Macromol Rapid Commun 2023; 44:e2200501. [PMID: 35877188 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
To realize advanced electrical applications for ferroelectric liquid crystalline polymers, high spontaneous polarization (Ps ) is highly desired. However, current ferroelectric liquid crystalline polymers usually exhibit a low Ps . In this work, mesogen-free, chiral polyethers containing sulfonylated methyl-branched alkyl side chains with a (CH2 )3 O spacer between the sulfonyl and the branched alkyl groups are designed and synthesized. In contrast to the linear n-alkyl side chains, the methyl-branched alkyl side chains induce chain tilting in the smectic layers. When double chirality exists in both the main chain and the side chains, a crystalline structure is observed after mechanical stretching. Intriguingly, when single chirality exists in either the backbone or the side chains, a liquid crystalline smectic C phase is obtained. The electric displacement-electric field study, however, does not show typical ferroelectric switching, although the dielectric constants are relatively high for these liquid crystalline polymers. This is likely because the dipole-dipole interactions among neighboring sulfonyl groups along the main chain are so strong that the ferroelectric switching is hindered in the samples. For the future work, it is desired to weaken the dipole-dipole interaction to achieve ferroelectricity in these mesogen-free liquid crystalline polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caleb A Bohannon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Man-Hin Kwok
- Depcartment of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106-7202, USA
| | - Jiahao Huang
- Depcartment of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106-7202, USA
| | - Guanchun Rui
- Depcartment of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106-7202, USA
| | - Ruipeng Li
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - Lei Zhu
- Depcartment of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106-7202, USA
| | - Bin Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
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17
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Fan CC, Han XB, Liang BD, Shi C, Miao LP, Chai CY, Liu CD, Ye Q, Zhang W. Chiral Rashba Ferroelectrics for Circularly Polarized Light Detection. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2204119. [PMID: 36127874 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202204119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Direct detection of circularly polarized light (CPL) is a challenging task due to limited materials and ambiguous structure-property relationships that lead to low distinguishability of the light helicities. Perovskite ferroelectric semiconductors incorporating chirality provide new opportunities in dealing with this issue. Herein, a pair of 2D chiral perovskite ferroelectrics is reported, which have enhanced CPL detection performance due to interplays among lattice, photon, charge, spin, and orbit. The chirality-transfer-induced chiral&polar ferroelectric phase enhances the asymmetric nature of the photoactive sublattice and achieves a switchable self-powered detection via the bulk photovoltaic effect. The single-crystal-based device exhibits a CPL-sensitive detection performance under 430 nm with an asymmetric factor of 0.20 for left- and right-CPL differentiation, about two times that of the pure chiral counterparts. The enhanced CPL detection performance is ascribed to the Rashba-Dresselhaus effect that originates from the bulk inversion asymmetry and strong spin-orbit coupling, shown with a large Rashba coefficient, which is demonstrated by density functional theory calculation and circularly polarized light excited photoluminescence measurement. These results provide new perspectives on chiral Rashba ferroelectric semiconductors for direct CPL detection and ferroelectrics-based chiroptics and spintronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Chun Fan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211189, China
| | - Xiang-Bin Han
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211189, China
| | - Bei-Dou Liang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211189, China
| | - Chao Shi
- Chaotic Matter Science Research Center, Department of Materials, Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 341000, China
| | - Le-Ping Miao
- Chaotic Matter Science Research Center, Department of Materials, Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 341000, China
| | - Chao-Yang Chai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211189, China
| | - Cheng-Dong Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211189, China
| | - Qiong Ye
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211189, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211189, China
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18
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Yakiyama Y. Molecular-Shape-Organized Stimuli-Responsive Functional Crystalline Systems. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2022. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.80.1036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yumi Yakiyama
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University
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19
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Zeng YL, Ai Y, Tang SY, Song XJ, Chen XG, Tang YY, Zhang ZX, You YM, Xiong RG, Zhang HY. Axial-Chiral BINOL Multiferroic Crystals with Coexistence of Ferroelectricity and Ferroelasticity. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:19559-19566. [PMID: 36222219 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c08667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Chirality exists everywhere from natural amino acids to particle physics. The introduction of point chirality has recently been shown to be an efficient strategy for the construction of molecular ferroelectrics. In contrast to point chirality, however, axial chirality is rarely used to design ferroelectrics so far. Here, based on optically active 1,1'-bi-2-naphthol (BINOL), which has been applied extensively as a versatile chiral reagent in asymmetric catalysis, chiral recognition, and optics, we successfully design a pair of axial-chiral BINOL multiferroics, (R)-BINOL-DIPASi and (S)-BINOL-DIPASi. They experience a 2F1-type full ferroelectric/ferroelastic phase transition at a high temperature of 362 and 363 K, respectively. Piezoelectric force microscopy and polarization-voltage hysteresis loops demonstrate their ferroelectric domains and domain switching, and polarized light microscopy visualizes the evolution of stripe-shaped ferroelastic domains. The axial-chiral BINOL building block promotes the generation of the polar structure and ferroelectricity, and the organosilicon component increases the rotational energy barrier and thus the phase transition temperature. This work presents the first axial-chiral high-temperature multiferroic crystals, offering an efficient path for designing molecular multiferroics through the introduction of axial chirality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ling Zeng
- Ordered Matter Science Research Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Ai
- Ordered Matter Science Research Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Yu Tang
- Ordered Matter Science Research Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Xian-Jiang Song
- Ordered Matter Science Research Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Gang Chen
- Ordered Matter Science Research Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Tang
- Ordered Matter Science Research Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Xu Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics, Southeast University, Nanjing211189, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Meng You
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics, Southeast University, Nanjing211189, People's Republic of China
| | - Ren-Gen Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing211189, People's Republic of China
| | - Han-Yue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing211189, People's Republic of China
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20
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Akiyoshi R, Hayami S. Ferroelectric coordination metal complexes based on structural and electron dynamics. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:8309-8321. [PMID: 35838153 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc02484e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ferroelectrics that display electrically invertible polarisation are attractive materials because of their potential for wide-ranging applications. To date, considerable effort has thus been devoted towards developing ferroelectric materials, particularly those comprising organic/inorganic compounds. In these systems, structural dynamics such as atomic displacement and reorientation of polar ions/molecules play a key role in the generation of reversible spontaneous polarisation. Although there are many reports concerned with organic/inorganic ferroelectrics, ferroelectrics based on coordination metal complexes have been largely unexplored despite their often unique electronic and spin state properties. In this feature article, we discuss recent progress involving coordination metal complex-based ferroelectrics where the reversible polarisation originates not only from structural dynamics (represented by proton transfer, molecular motion, and liquid crystalline behaviour) but also from electron dynamics (represented by electron transfer and spin crossover phenomena) occurring at the metal centre. Furthermore, unique synergy effects (i.e. magnetoelectric coupling) resulting from the structural and electron dynamics are described. We believe that this review pertaining to ferroelectric coordination metal complexes provides new insights for fabricating further advanced functional materials such as multiferroics and spintronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryohei Akiyoshi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan
| | - Shinya Hayami
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan.
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21
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Hisada M, Shimizu D, Matsuda K. Heptagon-Embedded π-Expanded Thieno- and N-Methylpyrrolo-Pyridazines with Substantial Out-of-Plane Dipole Moment. J Org Chem 2022; 87:9034-9043. [PMID: 35749313 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we describe the synthesis and characterization of fully fused tetraphenylthieno[3,4-d]pyridazine 1 and N-methylpyrrolo[3,4-d]pyridazine 2 with two embedded seven-membered rings. Owing to the incorporated heptagon, 1 and 2 exhibited Cs-symmetric saddle conformations in the solid state with mean plane deviation around 0.38 Å. π-Expanded thienopyridazine 1 showed a one-dimensional (1-D) columnar packing along the b axis with net dipole moment aligning perpendicular to the b axis in the polar crystal system Pc. On the other hand, 2 formed a partially π-stacked brick-work structure. In addition to the Cs-symmetric saddle conformations found in the crystals, density functional theory (DFT) calculation found C2-symmetric twisted conformations of both 1 and 2 close in energy to the saddle conformations. The barrier of conformational interconversion was calculated to be 32 (1) and 31 kJ·mol-1 (2), and the interconversion occurs fast even at -60 °C as evidenced by variable-temperature (VT)-NMR studies. While 1 and 2 have moderately curved structures, optical and electrochemical studies revealed effective π-conjugation over the fused diphenylene units, which is also supported by DFT calculation. As the result of the intrinsic large dipole moment of thieno- and pyrrolo-pyridazines and the notably curved structure, 1 (2) has a substantial out-of-plane dipole moment of 2.0 (3.3) D in the saddle conformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Hisada
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Daiki Shimizu
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Kenji Matsuda
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
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22
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Shang J, Wang R, Yuan C, Liu Z, Zhang H, Shao X. Monoazadichalcogenasumanenes: Synthesis, Structures, and Ring Reconstruction via Atom Transfer under Acidic Conditions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202117504. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202117504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jihai Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University Tianshui Southern Road 222 Lanzhou 730000 Gansu Province China
| | - Renjie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University Tianshui Southern Road 222 Lanzhou 730000 Gansu Province China
| | - Chengshan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University Tianshui Southern Road 222 Lanzhou 730000 Gansu Province China
| | - Zitong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University Tianshui Southern Road 222 Lanzhou 730000 Gansu Province China
| | - Hao‐Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University Tianshui Southern Road 222 Lanzhou 730000 Gansu Province China
| | - Xiangfeng Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University Tianshui Southern Road 222 Lanzhou 730000 Gansu Province China
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23
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Li P, Shimoyama D, Zhang N, Jia Y, Hu G, Li C, Yin X, Wang N, Jäkle F, Chen P. A New Platform of B/N‐Doped Cyclophanes: Access to a π‐Conjugated Block‐Type B
3
N
3
Macrocycle with Strong Dipole Moment and Unique Optoelectronic Properties. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202200612. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202200612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of the Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology of China Beijing 102488 China
| | - Daisuke Shimoyama
- Department of Chemistry Rutgers University-Newark 73 Warren Street Newark NJ 07102 USA
| | - Niu Zhang
- Analysis & Testing Centers Beijing Institute of Technology of China Beijing 102488 China
| | - Yawei Jia
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of the Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology of China Beijing 102488 China
| | - Guofei Hu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of the Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology of China Beijing 102488 China
| | - Chenglong Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of the Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology of China Beijing 102488 China
| | - Xiaodong Yin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of the Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology of China Beijing 102488 China
| | - Nan Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of the Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology of China Beijing 102488 China
| | - Frieder Jäkle
- Department of Chemistry Rutgers University-Newark 73 Warren Street Newark NJ 07102 USA
| | - Pangkuan Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of the Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology of China Beijing 102488 China
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24
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Wang ZX, Chen XG, Song XJ, Zeng YL, Li PF, Tang YY, Liao WQ, Xiong RG. Domain memory effect in the organic ferroics. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2379. [PMID: 35501335 PMCID: PMC9061795 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30085-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Shape memory alloys have been used extensively in actuators, couplings, medical guide wires, and smart devices, because of their unique shape memory effect and superelasticity triggered by the reversible martensitic phase transformations. For ferroic materials, however, almost no memory effects have been found for their ferroic domains after reversible phase transformations. Here, we present a pair of single-component organic enantiomorphic ferroelectric/ferroelastic crystals, (R)- and (S)-N-3,5-di-tert-butylsalicylidene-1-(1-naphthyl)ethylamine SA-NPh-(R) and SA-NPh-(S). It is notable that not only can their ferroic domain patterns disappear and reappear during reversible thermodynamic phase transformations, but they can also disappear and reappear during reversible light-driven phase transformations induced by enol-keto photoisomerization, both of which are from P1 to P21 polar space groups. Most importantly, the domain patterns are exactly the same in the initial and final states, demonstrating the existence of a memory effect for the ferroic domains in SA-NPh-(R) and SA-NPh-(S). As far as we are aware, the domain memory effect triggered by both thermodynamic and light-driven ferroelectric/ferroelastic phase transformations remains unexplored in ferroic materials. Thermal and optical control of domain memory effect would open up a fresh research field for smart ferroic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Xia Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, People's Republic of China.
- Ordered Matter Science Research Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiao-Gang Chen
- Ordered Matter Science Research Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Xian-Jiang Song
- Ordered Matter Science Research Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Ling Zeng
- Ordered Matter Science Research Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng-Fei Li
- Ordered Matter Science Research Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Tang
- Ordered Matter Science Research Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Qiang Liao
- Ordered Matter Science Research Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Ren-Gen Xiong
- Ordered Matter Science Research Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, People's Republic of China.
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25
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Emerging applications of curved aromatic compounds. TRENDS IN CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trechm.2022.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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26
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Liu Z, Song W, Yang S, Yuan C, Liu Z, Zhang H, Shao X. Marriage of Heterobuckybowls with Triptycene: Molecular Waterwheels for Separating C
60
and C
70. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200306. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University Tianshui Southern Road 222 Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province P. R. China
| | - Wenru Song
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University Tianshui Southern Road 222 Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province P. R. China
| | - Shaojie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University Tianshui Southern Road 222 Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province P. R. China
| | - Chengshan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University Tianshui Southern Road 222 Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province P. R. China
| | - Zitong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University Tianshui Southern Road 222 Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province P. R. China
| | - Hao‐Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University Tianshui Southern Road 222 Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province P. R. China
| | - Xiangfeng Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University Tianshui Southern Road 222 Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province P. R. China
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27
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Li P, Shimoyama D, Zhang N, Jia Y, Hu G, Li C, Yin X, Wang N, Jäkle F, Chen P. A New Platform of B/N‐Doped Cyclophanes: Access to a π‐Conjugated Block‐Type B
3
N
3
Macrocycle with Strong Dipole Moment and Unique Optoelectronic Properties. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202200612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of the Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology of China Beijing 102488 China
| | - Daisuke Shimoyama
- Department of Chemistry Rutgers University-Newark 73 Warren Street Newark NJ 07102 USA
| | - Niu Zhang
- Analysis & Testing Centers Beijing Institute of Technology of China Beijing 102488 China
| | - Yawei Jia
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of the Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology of China Beijing 102488 China
| | - Guofei Hu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of the Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology of China Beijing 102488 China
| | - Chenglong Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of the Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology of China Beijing 102488 China
| | - Xiaodong Yin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of the Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology of China Beijing 102488 China
| | - Nan Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of the Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology of China Beijing 102488 China
| | - Frieder Jäkle
- Department of Chemistry Rutgers University-Newark 73 Warren Street Newark NJ 07102 USA
| | - Pangkuan Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of the Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology of China Beijing 102488 China
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28
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Shang J, Wang R, Yuan C, Liu Z, Zhang HL, Shao X. Monoazadichalcogenasumanenes: Synthesis, Structures, and Ring Reconstruction via Atom Transfer under Acidic Conditions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202117504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jihai Shang
- Lanzhou University State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry 730000 Lanzhou CHINA
| | - Renjie Wang
- Lanzhou University State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry 730000 Lanzhou CHINA
| | - Chengshan Yuan
- Lanzhou University State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry 730000 Lanzhou CHINA
| | - Zitong Liu
- Lanzhou University State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry 730000 Lanzhou CHINA
| | - Hao-Li Zhang
- Lanzhou University State key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry 730000 Lanzhou CHINA
| | - Xiangfeng Shao
- Lanzhou University State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry 222 Tianshui Southern Road 730000 Lanzhou CHINA
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29
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Borissov A, Maurya YK, Moshniaha L, Wong WS, Żyła-Karwowska M, Stępień M. Recent Advances in Heterocyclic Nanographenes and Other Polycyclic Heteroaromatic Compounds. Chem Rev 2022; 122:565-788. [PMID: 34850633 PMCID: PMC8759089 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 106.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This review surveys recent progress in the chemistry of polycyclic heteroaromatic molecules with a focus on structural diversity and synthetic methodology. The article covers literature published during the period of 2016-2020, providing an update to our first review of this topic (Chem. Rev. 2017, 117 (4), 3479-3716).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Marcin Stępień
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet
Wrocławski, ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
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30
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Abstract
Ferroic phase transition molecular crystals (FPTMCs), i.e., ferroelectrics and ferroelastics, are an important family of functional molecular materials, having merits of easy synthesis, structural tunability and flexibility, and biocompatibility. Both...
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31
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Liao WQ, Zeng YL, Tang YY, Peng H, Liu JC, Xiong RG. Multichannel Control of Multiferroicity in Single-Component Homochiral Organic Crystals. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:21685-21693. [PMID: 34928580 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c11000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
A ferroelectric/ferroelastic is a material whose spontaneous polarization/strain can be switched by applying an external electric field/mechanical stress. However, the optical control of spontaneous polarization/strain remains relatively unexplored in crystalline materials, although photoirradiation stands out as a nondestructive, noncontact, and remote-controlled stimulus beyond stress or electric field. Here, we present two new organic single-component homochiral photochromic multiferroics, (R)- and (S)-N-3,5-di-tert-butylsalicylidene-1-4-bromophenylethylamine (SA-Ph-Br(R) and SA-Ph-Br(S)), which show a full ferroelectric/ferroelastic phase transition of 222F2 type at 336 K. Under photoirradiation, their spontaneous polarization/strain can be switched quickly within seconds and reversibly between two ferroelectric/ferroelastic phases with the respective enol and trans-keto forms triggered by structural photoisomerizations. In addition, they possess a superior acoustic impedance characteristic with a value of ∼2.42 × 106 kg·s-1·m-2, lower than that of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF, (3.69-4.25) × 106 kg·s-1·m-2), which can better match human tissues. This work realizes for the first time that multiple ferroic orders in single-component organic crystals with ultralow acoustic impedance can be simultaneously controlled and coupled by three physical channels (electric, stress, light fields), suggesting their great potential in multichannel data storage, optoelectronics, and related applications compatible with all-organic electronics and human tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Qiang Liao
- Ordered Matter Science Research Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Ling Zeng
- Ordered Matter Science Research Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Tang
- Ordered Matter Science Research Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Hang Peng
- Ordered Matter Science Research Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Chao Liu
- Ordered Matter Science Research Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Ren-Gen Xiong
- Ordered Matter Science Research Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, People's Republic of China
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32
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Akutagawa T, Takeda T, Hoshino N. Dynamics of proton, ion, molecule, and crystal lattice in functional molecular assemblies. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:8378-8401. [PMID: 34369489 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc01586a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Dynamic molecular processes, such as short- or long-range proton (H+) and ion (M+) motions, and molecular rotations in electrical conducting and magnetic molecular assemblies enable the fabrication of electron-H+ (or M+) coupling systems, while crystal lattice dynamics and molecular conformation changes in hydrogen-bonded molecular crystals have been utilised in external stimuli responsive reversible gas-induced gate opening and molecular adsorption/desorption behavior. These dynamics of the polar structural units are responsible for the dielectric measurements. The H+ dynamics are formed from ferroelectrics and H+ conductors, while the dynamic M+ motions of Li+ and Na+ involve ionic conductors and coupling to the conduction electrons. In n-type organic semiconductors, the crystal lattices are modulated by replacing M+ cations, with cations such as Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+, and Cs+. The use of polar rotator or inversion structures such as alkyl amides, m-fluoroanilinium cations, and bowl-shaped trithiasumanene π-cores enables the formation of ferroelectric molecular assemblies. The host-guest molecular systems of ESIPT fluorescent chromic molecules showed interesting molecular sensing properties using various bases, where the dynamic transformation of the crystal lattice and the molecular conformational change were coupled to each other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Akutagawa
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM), Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan.
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33
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Di FF, Zhou L, Chen WJ, Liu JC, Peng H, Tang SY, Yu H, Liao WQ, Wang ZX. Room-temperature dielectric switching in a host–guest crown ether inclusion complex. Inorg Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qi00959a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Using the “momentum matching” theory, we have designed a new host–guest crown ether inclusion complex, which exhibits prominent room temperature bistable dielectric switching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Fang Di
- Ordered Matter Science Research Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Ordered Matter Science Research Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Wu-Jia Chen
- Ordered Matter Science Research Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Chao Liu
- Ordered Matter Science Research Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Hang Peng
- Ordered Matter Science Research Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Yu Tang
- Ordered Matter Science Research Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Hang Yu
- Ordered Matter Science Research Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Qiang Liao
- Ordered Matter Science Research Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Xia Wang
- Ordered Matter Science Research Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, People's Republic of China
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34
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Liu Z, Song W, Yan C, Liu Z, Zhang HL, Shao X. Transforming electron-rich hetero-buckybowls into electron-deficient polycycles. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00702e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Oxidation of trichalcogenasumanenes (TCSs) with NO species results in the simultaneous formation of ortho-quinone and diester groups. This reaction enables the transformation of electron-rich TCSs into electron-deficient polycycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Tianshui Southern Road 222, Gansu Province, China
| | - Wenru Song
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Tianshui Southern Road 222, Gansu Province, China
| | - Chaoxian Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Tianshui Southern Road 222, Gansu Province, China
| | - Zitong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Tianshui Southern Road 222, Gansu Province, China
| | - Hao-Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Tianshui Southern Road 222, Gansu Province, China
| | - Xiangfeng Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Tianshui Southern Road 222, Gansu Province, China
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