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Ransom E, Chen X, Mangram W, Nasrollahi A, Topac T, Chang FK. Design and Manufacture of Multifunctional 3-D Smart Skins with Embedded Sensor Networks for Robotic Applications. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:3441. [PMID: 38894231 PMCID: PMC11175095 DOI: 10.3390/s24113441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
An investigation was performed to develop a process to design and manufacture a 3-D smart skin with an embedded network of distributed sensors for non-developable (or doubly curved) surfaces. A smart skin is the sensing component of a smart structure, allowing such structures to gather data from their surrounding environments to make control and maintenance decisions. Such smart skins are desired across a wide variety of domains, particularly for those devices where their surfaces require high sensitivity to external loads or environmental changes such as human-assisting robots, medical devices, wearable health components, etc. However, the fabrication and deployment of a network of distributed sensors on non-developable surfaces faces steep challenges. These challenges include the conformal coverage of a target object without causing prohibitive stresses in the sensor interconnects and ensuring positional accuracy in the skin sensor deployment positions, as well as packaging challenges resulting from the thin, flexible form factor of the skin. In this study, novel and streamlined processes for making such 3-D smart skins were developed from the initial sensor network design to the final integrated skin assembly. Specifically, the process involved the design of the network itself (for which a physical simulation-based optimization was developed), the deployment of the network to a targeted 3D surface (for which a specialized tool was designed and implemented), and the assembly of the final skin (for which a novel process based on dip coating was developed and implemented.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Elliot Ransom
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; (W.M.); (A.N.); (T.T.)
| | - Xiyuan Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA;
| | - William Mangram
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; (W.M.); (A.N.); (T.T.)
| | - Amir Nasrollahi
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; (W.M.); (A.N.); (T.T.)
| | - Tanay Topac
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; (W.M.); (A.N.); (T.T.)
| | - Fu-Kuo Chang
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; (W.M.); (A.N.); (T.T.)
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2
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Zhou W, Yu Y, Xiao P, Deng F, Zhang Y, Chen T. A Suspended, 3D Morphing Sensory System for Robots to Feel and Protect. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2403447. [PMID: 38728424 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202403447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Artificial sensory systems with synergistic touch and pain perception hold substantial promise for environment interaction and human-robot communication. However, the realization of biological skin-like functional integration of sensors with sensitive touch and pain perception still remains a challenge. Here, a concept is proposed of suspended electronic skins enabling 3D deformation-mechanical contact interactions for achieving synergetic ultrasensitive touch and adjustable pain perception. The suspended sensory system can sensitively capture tiny touch stimuli as low as 0.02 Pa and actively perceive pain response with reliable 5200 cycles via 3D deformation and mechanical contact mechanism, respectively. Based on the touch-pain effect, a visualized feedback demo with miniaturized sensor arrays on artificial fingers is rationally designed to give a pain perception mapping on sharp surfaces. Furthermore, the capability is shown of the suspended electronic skin serving as a safe human-robot communication interface from active and passive view through a feedback control system, demonstrating potential in bionic electronics and intelligent robotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yi Yu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Peng Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Feng Deng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
- College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
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3
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Chen H, Shi J, Ji C, Fan W, Sui K. Facile Multiple Graded Wrinkle Construction Strategy for Vastly Boosting the Sensing Performance of Ionic Skins. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 38700267 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c00163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
The construction of surface microstructures (e.g., micropyramids and wrinkles) has been proven as the most effective means to boost the sensitivity of ionic skins (I-skins). However, the single-scale micronano patterns constructed by the common fabrication strategy generally lead to a limited pressure-response range. Here, a convenient repeated stretching/coordinating/releasing strategy is developed to controllably construct multiple graded wrinkles on the polyelectrolyte hydrogel-based I-skins for increasing their sensitivity over a broad pressure range. We find that the small wrinkles allow for high sensitivity yet small pressure detection range, while the large wrinkles can reduce structural stiffening to generate large pressure-response range but incur limited sensitivity. The multiple graded wrinkles can combine the merits of both the small and large wrinkles to simultaneously improve the sensitivity and broaden the pressure-response range. In particular, the sensing performance of multiple-wrinkle-based I-skins substantially outperforms the superposition of the sensing performance of different single-wrinkle-based I-skins. As a proof of concept, the triple-wrinkle-based I-skins can provide an extremely high sensitivity of 17,309 kPa-1 and an ultrawide pressure detection range of 0.38 Pa to 372 kPa. The approach and insight contribute to the future development of I-skins with a broader pressure-response range and higher sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongen Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Jianzhuang Shi
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Changbin Ji
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Wenxin Fan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Kunyan Sui
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
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4
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Pang C, Li F, Hu X, Meng K, Pan H, Xiang Y. Degradable silk fibroin based piezoresistive sensor for wearable biomonitoring. DISCOVER NANO 2024; 19:55. [PMID: 38526672 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-024-04001-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Degradable wearable electronics are attracting increasing attention to weaken or eliminate the negative effect of waste e-wastes and promote the development of medical implants without secondary post-treatment. Although various degradable materials have been explored for wearable electronics, the development of degradable wearable electronics with integrated characteristics of highly sensing performances and low-cost manufacture remains challenging. Herein, we developed a facile, low-cost, and environmentally friendly approach to fabricate a biocompatible and degradable silk fibroin based wearable electronics (SFWE) for on-body monitoring. A combination of rose petal templating and hollow carbon nanospheres endows as-fabricated SFWE with good sensitivity (5.63 kPa-1), a fast response time (147 ms), and stable durability (15,000 cycles). The degradable phenomenon has been observed in the solution of 1 M NaOH, confirming that silk fibroin based wearable electronics possess degradable property. Furthermore, the as-fabricated SFWE have been demonstrated that have abilities to monitor knuckle bending, muscle movement, and facial expression. This work offers an ecologically-benign and cost-effective approach to fabricate high-performance wearable electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlin Pang
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Fei Li
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Xiaorao Hu
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Keyu Meng
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Changchun University, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Hong Pan
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China.
| | - Yong Xiang
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China.
- Advanced Energy Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China.
- Sichuan Flexible Display Material Genome Engineering Center, Chengdu, China.
- Tianfu Jiangxi Laboratory, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Chen J, Ma G, Wang X, Song T, Zhu Y, Jia S, Zhang X, Zhao Y, Chen J, Yang B, Li Y. Multifunctional black phosphorus pressure sensors with bending angle monitoring and direction recognition characteristics. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:5999-6009. [PMID: 38391244 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr05372e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Flexible pressure sensors, an important class of intelligent sensing devices, are widely explored in body-motion and medical health monitoring, artificial intelligence and human-machine interaction. As a unique layered nanomaterial, black phosphorus (BP) has excellent electrical, mechanical, and flexible characteristics, which make it a promising candidate for fabricating high-performance pressure sensors. Herein, hierarchically structured BP-based pressure sensors were constructed. The sensors exhibit high sensitivity, stability and a wide sensing range and respond to various human motions including finger pressure, swallowing, and wrist bending. The sensors can identify different handwriting processes with featured signals. In particular, benefiting from the unique structure of loose-dense layers, the sensors show a distinctive response to bending angles and directions, revealing a characteristic of direction recognition. This feature facilitates the sensors to monitor human motions. The sensors have been successfully powered by a home-made Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 thin-film solar cell, which demonstrates the sustainability, flexibility and low power consumption of integrated devices. This work offers a strategy to construct hierarchically structured pressure/strain sensors with direction recognition and provides further insights into manufacturing portable sensing devices for realistic and innovative applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangtao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Atomic and Molecular Physics & Functional Materials of Gansu Province, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Guobin Ma
- Key Laboratory of Atomic and Molecular Physics & Functional Materials of Gansu Province, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Xinyi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Atomic and Molecular Physics & Functional Materials of Gansu Province, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Tiancheng Song
- Key Laboratory of Atomic and Molecular Physics & Functional Materials of Gansu Province, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Yirun Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Atomic and Molecular Physics & Functional Materials of Gansu Province, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Shuangju Jia
- Key Laboratory of Atomic and Molecular Physics & Functional Materials of Gansu Province, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Xuqiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Atomic and Molecular Physics & Functional Materials of Gansu Province, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Yun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Atomic and Molecular Physics & Functional Materials of Gansu Province, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Jianbiao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Atomic and Molecular Physics & Functional Materials of Gansu Province, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Bingjun Yang
- Laboratory of Clean Energy Chemistry and Materials, State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yan Li
- Key Laboratory of Atomic and Molecular Physics & Functional Materials of Gansu Province, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
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Li K, Li Z, Wang W, Zhang T, Yang X. Design of Double Conductive Layer and Grid-Assistant Face-to-Face Structure for Wide Linear Range, High Sensitivity Flexible Pressure Sensors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:14171-14182. [PMID: 38466769 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c00161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Recently, flexible pressure sensors have drawn great attention because of their potential application in human-machine interfaces, healthcare monitoring, electronic skin, etc. Although many sensors with good performance have been reported, researchers mostly focused on surface morphology regulation, and the effect of the resistance characteristics on the performance of the sensor was still rarely systematically investigated. In this paper, a strategy for modulating electron transport is proposed to adjust the linear range and sensitivity of the sensor. In the modulating process, we constructed a double conductive layer (DCL) and grid-assistant face-to-face structure and obtained the sensor with a wide linear range of 0-700 kPa and a high sensitivity of 57.5 kPa-1, which is one of the best results for piezoresistive sensors. In contrast, the sensor with a single conductive layer (SCL) and simple face-to-face structure exhibited a moderate linear range (7 kPa) and sensitivity (2.8 kPa-1). Benefiting from the great performance, the modulated sensor allows for clear pulse wave detection and good recognition of gait signals, which indicates the great application potential in human daily life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of High-Performance Synthetic Rubber and Its Composite Materials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Zonglin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of High-Performance Synthetic Rubber and Its Composite Materials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Weiwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of High-Performance Synthetic Rubber and Its Composite Materials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of High-Performance Synthetic Rubber and Its Composite Materials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Xiaoniu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of High-Performance Synthetic Rubber and Its Composite Materials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
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Xue J, Liu D, Li D, Hong T, Li C, Zhu Z, Sun Y, Gao X, Guo L, Shen X, Ma P, Zheng Q. New Carbon Materials for Multifunctional Soft Electronics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2312596. [PMID: 38490737 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202312596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Soft electronics are garnering significant attention due to their wide-ranging applications in artificial skin, health monitoring, human-machine interaction, artificial intelligence, and the Internet of Things. Various soft physical sensors such as mechanical sensors, temperature sensors, and humidity sensors are the fundamental building blocks for soft electronics. While the fast growth and widespread utilization of electronic devices have elevated life quality, the consequential electromagnetic interference (EMI) and radiation pose potential threats to device precision and human health. Another substantial concern pertains to overheating issues that occur during prolonged operation. Therefore, the design of multifunctional soft electronics exhibiting excellent capabilities in sensing, EMI shielding, and thermal management is of paramount importance. Because of the prominent advantages in chemical stability, electrical and thermal conductivity, and easy functionalization, new carbon materials including carbon nanotubes, graphene and its derivatives, graphdiyne, and sustainable natural-biomass-derived carbon are particularly promising candidates for multifunctional soft electronics. This review summarizes the latest advancements in multifunctional soft electronics based on new carbon materials across a range of performance aspects, mainly focusing on the structure or composite design, and fabrication method on the physical signals monitoring, EMI shielding, and thermal management. Furthermore, the device integration strategies and corresponding intriguing applications are highlighted. Finally, this review presents prospects aimed at overcoming current barriers and advancing the development of state-of-the-art multifunctional soft electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xue
- School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
| | - Dan Liu
- School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
| | - Da Li
- School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
| | - Tianzeng Hong
- School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
| | - Chuanbing Li
- School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
| | - Zifu Zhu
- School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
| | - Yuxuan Sun
- School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
| | - Xiaobo Gao
- School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
| | - Lei Guo
- School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
| | - Xi Shen
- Department of Aeronautical and Aviation Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- The Research Institute for Sports Science and Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Pengcheng Ma
- Laboratory of Environmental Science and Technology, The Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Qingbin Zheng
- School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
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Hui Z, Zhang Z, Wang Y, Zhang R, Liu X, Jiang M, Ju F, Hou W, Xia Z, Wang D, Wang P, Pei Y, Yan R, Zhang Y, Chen Q, Huang W, Sun G. Gradiently Foaming Ultrasoft Hydrogel with Stop Holes for Highly Deformable, Crack-Resistant and Sensitive Conformal Human-Machine Interfaces. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2314163. [PMID: 38423019 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202314163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Hydrogels are considered as promising materials for human-machine interfaces (HMIs) owing to their merits of tailorable mechanical and electrical properties; nevertheless, it remains challenging to simultaneously achieve ultrasoftness, good mechanical robustness and high sensitivity, which are the pre-requisite requirements for wearable sensing applications. Herein, for the first time, this work proposes a universal phase-transition-induced bubbling strategy to fabricate ultrasoft gradient foam-shaped hydrogels (FSHs) with stop holes for high deformability, crack-resistance and sensitive conformal HMIs. As a typical system, the FSH based on polyacrylamide/sodium alginate system shows an ultralow Young's modulus (1.68 kPa), increased sustainable strain (1411%), enhanced fracture toughness (915.6 J m-2 ), improved tensile sensitivity (21.77), and compressive sensitivity (65.23 kPa-1 ). The FSHs are used for precisely acquiring and identifying gesture commands of the operator to remotely control a surgical robot for endoscopy and an electric ship in a first-person perspective for cruising, feeding crabs and monitoring the environmental change in real-time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengyu Hui
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- College of Intelligent Science and Control Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing, 211199, P. R. China
| | - Yurong Wang
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Runrun Zhang
- College of Intelligent Science and Control Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing, 211199, P. R. China
| | - Xin Liu
- College of Intelligent Science and Control Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing, 211199, P. R. China
| | - Mingjie Jiang
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, P. R. China
| | - Feng Ju
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, P. R. China
| | - Wenteng Hou
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Zhongming Xia
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Deya Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, P. R. China
| | - Yangyang Pei
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Ren Yan
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Yan Zhang
- College of Intelligent Science and Control Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing, 211199, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Chen
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, 352001, P. R. China
| | - Wei Huang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Gengzhi Sun
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
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9
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Liang X, Zhang X, Hu Z, Sun Q, Liu M, Gu P, Yang X, Huang J, Zu G. Broad-Range-Response Battery-Type All-in-one Self-Powered Stretchable Pressure-Sensitive Electronic Skin. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2305925. [PMID: 37821402 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202305925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Highly sensitive self-powered stretchable electronic skins with the capability of detecting broad-range dynamic and static pressures are urgently needed with the increasing demands for miniaturized wearable electronics, robots, artificial intelligence, etc. However, it remains a great challenge to achieve this kind of electronic skins. Here, unprecedented battery-type all-in-one self-powered stretchable electronic skins with a novel structure composed of pressure-sensitive elastic vanadium pentoxide (V2 O5 ) nanowire-based porous cathode, elastic porous polyurethane /carbon nanotube/polypyrrole anode, and polyacrylamide ionic gel electrolyte are reported. A new battery-type self-powered pressure sensing mechanism involving the output current variation caused by the resistance variation of the electrodes and electrolytes under external pressure is revealed. The battery-type self-powered electronic skins combining high sensitivity, broad response range (1.8 Pa-1.5 MPa), high fatigue resistance, and excellent stability against stretching (50% tensile strain) are achieved for the first time. This work provides a new and versatile battery-type sensing strategy for the design of next-generation all-in-one self-powered miniaturized sensors and electronic skins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Liang
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, P. R. China
| | - Zhenyu Hu
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, P. R. China
| | - Qi Sun
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, P. R. China
| | - Muxiang Liu
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, P. R. China
| | - Puzhong Gu
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Yang
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, P. R. China
| | - Jia Huang
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, P. R. China
| | - Guoqing Zu
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, P. R. China
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10
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Huang H, Geng W, Wu X, Zhang Y, Xie L, Ma T, Cheng C. Spiky Artificial Peroxidases with V-O-Fe Pair Sites for Combating Antibiotic-Resistant Pathogens. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202310811. [PMID: 37953675 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202310811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
With the sharp rise of antibiotic-resistant pathogens worldwide, it is of enormous importance to create new strategies for combating pathogenic bacteria. Here, we create an iron oxide-based spiky artificial peroxidase (POD) with V-O-Fe pair sites (V-Fe2 O3 ) for combating methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The experimental studies and theoretical calculations demonstrate that the V-Fe2 O3 can achieve the localized "capture and killing" bifunction from the spiky morphology and massive reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. The V-Fe2 O3 can reach nearly 100 % bacterial inhibition over a long period by efficiently oxidizing the lipid membrane. Our wound disinfection results identify that the V-Fe2 O3 can not only efficiently eliminate MRSA and their biofilm but also accelerate wound recovery without causing noticeable inflammation and toxicity. This work offers essential insights into the critical roles of V-O-Fe pair sites and localized "capture and killing" in biocatalytic disinfection and provides a promising pathway for the de novo design of efficient artificial peroxidases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoju Huang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Wei Geng
- Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xizheng Wu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Yiyun Zhang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Lan Xie
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Tian Ma
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Chong Cheng
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
- Med-X Center for Materials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
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11
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Chen J, Chen K, Jin J, Wu K, Wang Y, Zhang J, Liu G, Sun J. Outstanding Synergy of Sensitivity and Linear Range Enabled by Multigradient Architectures. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:11958-11967. [PMID: 38090798 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c04204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Flexible pressure sensors are devices that mimic the sensory capabilities of natural human skin and enable robots to perceive external stimuli. One of the main challenges is maintaining high sensitivity over a broad linear pressure range due to poor structural compressibility. Here, we report a flexible pressure sensor with an ultrahigh sensitivity of 153.3 kPa-1 and linear response over an unprecedentedly broad pressure range from 0.0005 to 1300 kPa based on interdigital-shaped, multigradient architectures, featuring modulus, conductivity, and microstructure gradients. Such multigradient architectures and interdigital-shaped configurations enable effective stress transfer and conductivity regulation, evading the pressure sensitivity-linear range trade-off dilemma. Together with high pressure resolution, high frequency response, and good reproducibility over the ultrabroad linear range, proof-of-concept applications such as acoustic wave detection, high-resolution pressure measurement, and healthcare monitoring in diverse scenarios are demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaorui Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P.R. China
| | - Kai Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P.R. China
| | - Jiaqi Jin
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P.R. China
| | - Kai Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P.R. China
| | - Yaqiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P.R. China
| | - Jinyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P.R. China
| | - Gang Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P.R. China
| | - Jun Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P.R. China
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12
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Zhang H, Zhang Y. Rational Design of Flexible Mechanical Force Sensors for Healthcare and Diagnosis. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 17:123. [PMID: 38203977 PMCID: PMC10780056 DOI: 10.3390/ma17010123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Over the past decade, there has been a significant surge in interest in flexible mechanical force sensing devices and systems. Tremendous efforts have been devoted to the development of flexible mechanical force sensors for daily healthcare and medical diagnosis, driven by the increasing demand for wearable/portable devices in long-term healthcare and precision medicine. In this review, we summarize recent advances in diverse categories of flexible mechanical force sensors, covering piezoresistive, capacitive, piezoelectric, triboelectric, magnetoelastic, and other force sensors. This review focuses on their working principles, design strategies and applications in healthcare and diagnosis, with an emphasis on the interplay among the sensor architecture, performance, and application scenario. Finally, we provide perspectives on the remaining challenges and opportunities in this field, with particular discussions on problem-driven force sensor designs, as well as developments of novel sensor architectures and intelligent mechanical force sensing systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore;
| | - Yihui Zhang
- Applied Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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13
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Xia H, Wang L, Zhang H, Wang Z, Zhu L, Cai H, Ma Y, Yang Z, Zhang D. MXene/PPy@PDMS sponge-based flexible pressure sensor for human posture recognition with the assistance of a convolutional neural network in deep learning. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2023; 9:155. [PMID: 38116450 PMCID: PMC10728160 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-023-00605-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
The combination of flexible sensors and deep learning has attracted much attention as an efficient method for the recognition of human postures. In this paper, an in situ polymerized MXene/polypyrrole (PPy) composite is dip-coated on a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) sponge to fabricate an MXene/PPy@PDMS (MPP) piezoresistive sensor. The sponge sensor achieves ultrahigh sensitivity (6.8925 kPa-1) at 0-15 kPa, a short response/recovery time (100/110 ms), excellent stability (5000 cycles) and wash resistance. The synergistic effect of PPy and MXene improves the performance of the composite materials and facilitates the transfer of electrons, making the MPP sponge at least five times more sensitive than sponges based on each of the individual single materials. The large-area conductive network allows the MPP sensor to maintain excellent electrical performance over a large-scale pressure range. The MPP sensor can detect a variety of human body activity signals, such as radial artery pulse and different joint movements. The detection and analysis of human motion data, which is assisted by convolutional neural network (CNN) deep learning algorithms, enable the recognition and judgment of 16 types of human postures. The MXene/PPy flexible pressure sensor based on a PDMS sponge has broad application prospects in human motion detection, intelligent sensing and wearable devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xia
- College of Control Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580 China
| | - Lin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety, SINOPEC Research Institute of Safety Engineering Co., Ltd, Qingdao, 266071 China
| | - Hao Zhang
- College of Control Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580 China
| | - Zihu Wang
- College of Control Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580 China
| | - Liang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety, SINOPEC Research Institute of Safety Engineering Co., Ltd, Qingdao, 266071 China
| | - Haolin Cai
- College of Control Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580 China
| | - Yanhua Ma
- College of Control Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580 China
| | - Zhe Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety, SINOPEC Research Institute of Safety Engineering Co., Ltd, Qingdao, 266071 China
| | - Dongzhi Zhang
- College of Control Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580 China
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14
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He ZK, Zhao J, Li K, Zhao J, He H, Gao Z, Song YY. Rational Integration of SnMOF/SnO 2 Hybrid on TiO 2 Nanotube Arrays: An Effective Strategy for Accelerating Formaldehyde Sensing Performance at Room Temperature. ACS Sens 2023; 8:4189-4197. [PMID: 37870917 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c01525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Formaldehyde is ubiquitously found in the environment, meaning that real-time monitoring of formaldehyde, particularly indoors, can have a significant impact on human health. However, the performance of commercially available interdigital electrode-based sensors is a compromise between active material loading and steric hindrance. In this work, a spaced TiO2 nanotube array (NTA) was exploited as a scaffold and electron collector in a formaldehyde sensor for the first time. A Sn-based metal-organic framework was successfully decorated on the inside and outside of TiO2 nanotube walls by a facile solvothermal decoration strategy. This was followed by regulated calcination, which successfully integrated the preconcentration effect of a porous Sn-based metal-organic framework (SnMOF) structure and highly active SnO2 nanocrystals into the spaced TiO2 NTA to form a Schottky heterojunction-type gas sensor. This SnMOF/SnO2@TiO2 NTA sensor achieved a high room-temperature formaldehyde response (1.7 at 6 ppm) with a fast response (4.0 s) and recovery (2.5 s) times. This work provides a new platform for preparing alternatives to interdigital electrode-based sensors and offers an effective strategy for achieving target preconcentrations for gas sensing processes. The as-prepared SnMOF/SnO2@TiO2 NTA sensor demonstrated excellent sensitivity, stability, reproducibility, flexibility, and convenience, showing excellent potential as a miniaturized device for medical diagnosis, environmental monitoring, and other intelligent sensing systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Kun He
- College of Science, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Jiahui Zhao
- College of Science, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Keke Li
- College of Science, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Junjian Zhao
- College of Science, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Haoxuan He
- College of Science, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Zhida Gao
- College of Science, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Yan-Yan Song
- College of Science, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
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15
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Wang H, Dou X, Wang Z, Liu Z, Ye Q, Guo R, Zhou F. Boosting Sensitivity and Durability of Pressure Sensors Based on Compressible Cu Sponges by Strengthening Adhesion of "Rigid-Soft" Interfaces. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2303234. [PMID: 37501331 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202303234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
The interface adhesion plays a key role between rigid metal and elastomer in compressible and stretchable conductors. However, the poor interfacial adhesion hinders their wide applications. To strengthen the interface adhesion, herein, a combination strategy of structure interlocking and polymer bridging is designed by introducing a method of subsurface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (sSI-ATRP). This method can make polymer brush root in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) subsurface, on this basis, metals further grow from subsurface to surface of PDMS via electroless deposition. As a result, the adhesive strength (≈2.5 MPa) between metal layer and PDMS elastomer is 4 times higher than that made by common polymer modification. As a demonstration, pressure sensor is constructed by using as-prepared compressible 3D Cu sponge as a top electrode and paper-based interdigited metal electrode as a bottom electrode. The device sensitivity can reach up to 961.2 kPa-1 and the durability can arrive at 3 000 cycles without degradation. Thus, this proposed interface-enhancement strategy for rigid-soft materials can significantly promote the performance of piezoresistive pressure sensors based on 3D conductive sponge. In the future, it would also be expanded to the fabrication of stretchable conductors and extensively applied in other flexible and wearable electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center of Advanced Lubrication and Seal Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Dou
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center of Advanced Lubrication and Seal Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center of Advanced Lubrication and Seal Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Zihan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center of Advanced Lubrication and Seal Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Qian Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center of Advanced Lubrication and Seal Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Ruisheng Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center of Advanced Lubrication and Seal Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Advanced Materials and Green Manufacture, Yantai, 264006, China
| | - Feng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center of Advanced Lubrication and Seal Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Advanced Materials and Green Manufacture, Yantai, 264006, China
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese of Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
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16
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Chen R, Luo T, Wang J, Wang R, Zhang C, Xie Y, Qin L, Yao H, Zhou W. Nonlinearity synergy: An elegant strategy for realizing high-sensitivity and wide-linear-range pressure sensing. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6641. [PMID: 37863948 PMCID: PMC10589270 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42361-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Flexible pressure sensors are indispensable components in various applications such as intelligent robots and wearable devices, whereas developing flexible pressure sensors with both high sensitivity and wide linear range remains a great challenge. Here, we present an elegant strategy to address this challenge by taking advantage of a pyramidal carbon foam array as the sensing layer and an elastomer spacer as the stiffness regulator, realizing an unprecedentedly high sensitivity of 24.6 kPa-1 and an ultra-wide linear range of 1.4 MPa together. Such a wide range of linearity is attributed to the synergy between the nonlinear piezoresistivity of the sensing layer and the nonlinear elasticity of the stiffness regulator. The great application potential of our sensor in robotic manipulation, healthcare monitoring, and human-machine interface is demonstrated. Our design strategy can be extended to the other types of flexible sensors calling for both high sensitivity and wide-range linearity, facilitating the development of high-performance flexible pressure sensors for intelligent robotics and wearable devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Chen
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Tao Luo
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Jincheng Wang
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Renpeng Wang
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Yu Xie
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Lifeng Qin
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Haimin Yao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Wei Zhou
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
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17
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Luo J, Liu F, Yin A, Qi X, Liu J, Ren Z, Zhou S, Wang Y, Ye Y, Ma Q, Zhu J, Li K, Zhang C, Zhao W, Yu S, Wei J. Highly sensitive, wide-pressure and low-frequency characterized pressure sensor based on piezoresistive-piezoelectric coupling effects in porous wood. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 315:120983. [PMID: 37230620 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.120983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Lightweight and highly compressible materials have received considerable attention in flexible pressure sensing devices. In this study, a series of porous woods (PWs) are produced by chemical removal of lignin and hemicellulose from natural wood by tuning treatment time from 0 to 15 h and extra oxidation through H2O2. The prepared PWs with apparent densities varying from 95.9 to 46.16 mg/cm3 tend to form a wave-shaped interwoven structure with improved compressibility (up to 91.89 % strain under 100 kPa). The sensor assembled from PW with treatment time of 12 h (PW-12) exhibits the optimal piezoresistive-piezoelectric coupling sensing properties. For the piezoresistive properties, it has high stress sensitivity of 15.14 kPa-1, covering a wide linear working pressure range of 0.06-100 kPa. For its piezoelectric potential, PW-12 shows a sensitivity of 0.443 V·kPa-1 with ultralow frequency detection as low as 0.0028 Hz, and good cyclability over 60,000 cycles under 0.41 Hz. The nature-derived all-wood pressure sensor shows obvious superiority in the flexibility for power supply requirement. More importantly, it presents fully decoupled signals without cross-talks in the dual-sensing functionality. Sensor like this is capable of monitoring various dynamic human motions, making it an extremely promising candidate for the next generation artificial intelligence products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Luo
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Feihua Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Ao Yin
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xue Qi
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jiang Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zhongqi Ren
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Shiqiang Zhou
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yuxin Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yang Ye
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Qingzhi Ma
- School of Environmental and Nature Resources, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310023, China
| | - Junjun Zhu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kang Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Weiwei Zhao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Suzhu Yu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Jun Wei
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
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18
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Li Z, Feng D, Li B, Zhao W, Xie D, Mei Y, Liu P. Ultra-Wide Range, High Sensitivity Piezoresistive Sensor Based on Triple Periodic Minimum Surface Construction. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2301378. [PMID: 37127873 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202301378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Flexible piezoresistive sensors with biological structures are widely exploited for high sensitivity and detection. However, the conventional bionic structure pressure sensors usually suffer from irreconcilable conflicts between high sensitivity and wide detection response range. Herein, a triple periodic minimum surface (TPMS) structure sensor is proposed based on parametric structural design and 3D printing techniques. Upon tailoring of the dedicated structural parameters, the resulting sensors exhibit superior compression durability, high sensitivity, and ultra-high detection range, that enabling it meets the needs of various scenes. As a model system, TPMS structure sensor with 40.5% porosity exhibits an ultra-high sensitivity (132 kPa-1 in 0-5.7 MPa), wide detection strain range (0-31.2%), high repeatability and durability (1000 cycles in 4.41 MPa, 10000 s in 1.32 MPa), and low detection limit (1% in 80 kPa). The stress/strain distributions have been identified using finite element analysis. Toward practical applications, the TPMS structural sensors can be applied to detect human activity and health monitoring (i.e., voice recognition, finger pressure, sitting, standing, walking, and falling down behaviors). The synergistic effects of MWCNTs and MXene conductive network also ensure the composite further being utilized for electromagnetic interference shielding applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongming Li
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Saving in Phosphorus Chemical Engineering and New Phosphorus Materials, The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Phosphorus Chemical Engineering of Yunnan Province, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Dong Feng
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Saving in Phosphorus Chemical Engineering and New Phosphorus Materials, The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Phosphorus Chemical Engineering of Yunnan Province, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Bin Li
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Saving in Phosphorus Chemical Engineering and New Phosphorus Materials, The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Phosphorus Chemical Engineering of Yunnan Province, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Wenbo Zhao
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Saving in Phosphorus Chemical Engineering and New Phosphorus Materials, The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Phosphorus Chemical Engineering of Yunnan Province, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Delong Xie
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Saving in Phosphorus Chemical Engineering and New Phosphorus Materials, The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Phosphorus Chemical Engineering of Yunnan Province, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Yi Mei
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Saving in Phosphorus Chemical Engineering and New Phosphorus Materials, The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Phosphorus Chemical Engineering of Yunnan Province, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Pengju Liu
- College of Materials Science & Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
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19
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Xiao F, Jin S, Zhang W, Zhang Y, Zhou H, Huang Y. Wearable Pressure Sensor Using Porous Natural Polymer Hydrogel Elastomers with High Sensitivity over a Wide Sensing Range. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:2736. [PMID: 37376381 DOI: 10.3390/polym15122736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Wearable pressure sensors capable of quantifying full-range human dynamic motionare are pivotal in wearable electronics and human activity monitoring. Since wearable pressure sensors directly or indirectly contact skin, selecting flexible soft and skin-friendly materials is important. Wearable pressure sensors with natural polymer-based hydrogels are extensively explored to enable safe contact with skin. Despite recent advances, most natural polymer-based hydrogel sensors suffer from low sensitivity at high-pressure ranges. Here, by using commercially available rosin particles as sacrificial templates, a cost-effective wide-range porous locust bean gum-based hydrogel pressure sensor is constructed. Due to the three-dimensional macroporous structure of the hydrogel, the constructed sensor exhibits high sensitivities (12.7, 5.0, and 3.2 kPa-1 under 0.1-20, 20-50, and 50-100 kPa) under a wide range of pressure. The sensor also offers a fast response time (263 ms) and good durability over 500 loading/unloading cycles. In addition, the sensor is successfully applied for monitoring human dynamic motion. This work provides a low-cost and easy fabrication strategy for fabricating high-performance natural polymer-based hydrogel piezoresistive sensors with a wide response range and high sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Xiao
- School of Microelectronics Science and Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Shunyu Jin
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Wan Zhang
- School of Microelectronics Science and Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yingxin Zhang
- School of Microelectronics Science and Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Hang Zhou
- School of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yuan Huang
- School of Microelectronics Science and Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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20
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Zhao XH, Lai QT, Guo WT, Liang ZH, Tang Z, Tang XG, Roy VAL, Sun QJ. Skin-Inspired Highly Sensitive Tactile Sensors with Ultrahigh Resolution over a Broad Sensing Range. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 37315104 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c04526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Flexible tactile sensors with high sensitivity, a broad pressure detection range, and high resolution are highly desired for the applications of health monitoring, robots, and the human-machine interface. However, it is still challenging to realize a tactile sensor with high sensitivity and resolution over a wide detection range. Herein, to solve the abovementioned problem, we demonstrate a universal route to develop a highly sensitive tactile sensor with high resolution and a wide pressure range. The tactile sensor is composed of two layers of microstructured flexible electrodes with high modulus and conductive cotton fabric with low modulus. By optimizing the sensing films, the fabricated tactile sensor shows a high sensitivity of 8.9 × 104 kPa-1 from 2 Pa to 250 kPa because of the high structural compressibility and stress adaptation of the multilayered composite films. Meanwhile, a fast response speed of 18 ms, an ultrahigh resolution of 100 Pa over 100 kPa, and excellent durability over 20 000 loading/unloading cycles are demonstrated. Moreover, a 6 × 6 tactile sensor array is fabricated and shows promising potential application in electronic skin (e-skin). Therefore, employing multilayered composite films for tactile sensors is a novel strategy to achieve high-performance tactile perception in real-time health monitoring and artificial intelligence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Hua Zhao
- School of Physics and Optoelectric Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Qin-Teng Lai
- School of Physics and Optoelectric Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Tao Guo
- School of Physics and Optoelectric Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Zhan-Heng Liang
- School of Physics and Optoelectric Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Zhenhua Tang
- School of Physics and Optoelectric Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Gui Tang
- School of Physics and Optoelectric Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Vellaisamy A L Roy
- School of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China
| | - Qi-Jun Sun
- School of Physics and Optoelectric Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
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21
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Wang X, Feng Z, Zhang G, Wang L, Chen L, Yang J, Wang Z. Flexible Sensors Array Based on Frosted Microstructured Ecoflex Film and TPU Nanofibers for Epidermal Pulse Wave Monitoring. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:3717. [PMID: 37050777 PMCID: PMC10099249 DOI: 10.3390/s23073717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in flexible pressure sensors have fueled increasing attention as promising technologies with which to realize human epidermal pulse wave monitoring for the early diagnosis and prevention of cardiovascular diseases. However, strict requirements of a single sensor on the arterial position make it difficult to meet the practical application scenarios. Herein, based on three single-electrode sensors with small area, a 3 × 1 flexible pressure sensor array was developed to enable measurement of epidermal pulse waves at different local positions of radial artery. The designed single sensor holds an area of 6 × 6 mm2, which mainly consists of frosted microstructured Ecoflex film and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) nanofibers. The Ecoflex film was formed by spinning Ecoflex solution onto a sandpaper surface. Micropatterned TPU nanofibers were prepared on a fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) film surface using the electrospinning method. The combination of frosted microstructure and nanofibers provides an increase in the contact separation of the tribopair, which is of great benefit for improving sensor performance. Due to this structure design, the single small-area sensor was characterized by pressure sensitivity of 0.14 V/kPa, a response time of 22 ms, a wide frequency band ranging from 1 to 23 Hz, and stability up to 7000 cycles. Given this output performance, the fabricated sensor can detect subtle physiological signals (e.g., respiration, ballistocardiogram, and heartbeat) and body movement. More importantly, the sensor can be utilized in capturing human epidermal pulse waves with rich details, and the consistency of each cycle in the same measurement is as high as 0.9987. The 3 × 1 flexible sensor array is employed to acquire pulse waves at different local positions of the radial artery. In addition, the time domain parameters including pulse wave transmission time (PTT) and pulse wave velocity (PWV) can be obtained successfully, which holds promising potential in pulse-based cardiovascular system status monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems Ministry of Education, Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Zhiping Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems Ministry of Education, Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Gaoqiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems Ministry of Education, Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Luna Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems Ministry of Education, Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Liang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems Ministry of Education, Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Jin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems Ministry of Education, Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Zhonglin Wang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
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22
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Chang K, Wu Z, Meng J, Guo M, Yan XP, Qian HL, Ma P, Zhao J, Wang F, Huang Y, Liu T. Cicada-Wing-Inspired Highly Sensitive Tactile Sensors Based on Elastic Carbon Foam with Nanotextured Surfaces. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:15976-15985. [PMID: 36917498 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c22204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Electronic devices with tactile and pressure-sensing capabilities are becoming increasingly popular in the automatic industry, human motion/health monitoring, and artificial intelligence applications. Inspired by the natural nanotopography of the cicada wing, we propose here a straightforward strategy to fabricate a highly sensitive tactile sensor through nanotexturing of erected polyaniline (PANI) nanoneedles on a conductive and elastic three-dimensional (3D) carbon skeleton. The robust and compressible carbon networks offer a resilient and conducting matrix to catering complex scenarios; the biomimetic PANI nanoneedles firmly and densely anchored on a 3D carbon skeleton provide intimate electrical contact under subtle deformation. As a result, a piezoresistive tactile sensor with ultrahigh sensitivity (33.52 kPa-1), fast response/recovery abilities (97/111 ms), and reproducible sensing performance (2500 cycles) is developed, which is capable of distinguishing motions in a wide pressure range from 4.66 Pa to 60 kPa, detecting spatial pressure distribution, and monitoring various gestures in a wireless manner. These excellent performances demonstrate the great potential of nature-inspired tactile sensors for practical human motion monitoring and artificial intelligence applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangqi Chang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhenzhong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jian Meng
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Minhao Guo
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xiu-Ping Yan
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Hai-Long Qian
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Piming Ma
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jianhua Zhao
- Jiangsu Huaxicun Co. Ltd., Jiangyin, 214420, China
| | | | - Yunpeng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Tianxi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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23
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Shi L, Li Z, Chen M, Zhu T, Wu L. Ultrasensitive and Ultraprecise Pressure Sensors for Soft Systems. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2210091. [PMID: 36625165 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202210091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Highly sensitive soft pressure sensors have attracted tremendous attention in recent years due to their great promise in robotics, healthcare, smart wearables, etc. Although high sensitivities can be realized by existing sensing mechanisms, they usually cause large random errors owing to inhomogeneous sensing layers, thus considerably reducing the sensing precision for practical applications. Herein, a pure-polymer and field emission bilayer structure (PFEBS)-based transduction mechanism is presented to successfully design an ultrasensitive and ultraprecise soft pressure sensor for the first time. This unique structure enables numerous tunneling electrons generated by field emission to be transmitted through the homogeneous sensing layer, which undergoes uniform deformation under subtle pressures, simultaneously achieving a sensing precision with variation <1.62% and a sensitivity of 372.2 kPa-1 . This study offers a new design strategy to develop next-generation high-performance flexible pressure sensors for soft systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Shi
- Department of Materials Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Zhuo Li
- Department of Materials Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Materials Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Tianyu Zhu
- Department of Materials Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Limin Wu
- Department of Materials Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
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24
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Wang C, Gong D, Feng P, Cheng Y, Cheng X, Jiang Y, Zhang D, Cai J. Ultra-Sensitive and Wide Sensing-Range Flexible Pressure Sensors Based on the Carbon Nanotube Film/Stress-Induced Square Frustum Structure. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:8546-8554. [PMID: 36730121 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c22727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Flexible pressure sensors have attracted much attention due to their significant potentials in E-skin, artificial intelligence, and medical health monitoring. However, it still remains challenging to achieve high sensitivity and wide sensing range simultaneously, which greatly limit practical applications for flexible sensors. Inspired by the surface stress-induced structure of mimosa, we propose a novel flexible sensor based on the carbon nanotube paper film (CNTF) and stress-induced square frustum structure (SSFS) and demonstrated their excellent sensing performances. Based on interdigital electrodes and uniform CNTF consisting of fibers with large specific surface area, rich conductive paths are formed for enhanced resistance variation. Besides, both experiments and modeling are conducted to verify the synergistic effect of substrates with diverse stiffnesses and SSFS. The SSFS of polydimethylsiloxane transfer small pressure to the CNTF, resulting in sensitive responses with a broad resistance variation. The sensor achieves an ultrahigh sensitivity (2027.5 kPa-1) and a wide pressure range (0.0003-200 kPa). Therefore, it can not only detect human signals such as pulse, vocal cord vibration, wrist flexion, and foot pressure but also be integrated onto car tires to monitor vehicle statuses. These fascinating features endow the sensors with great potentials for future health monitoring, human-computer interaction, and virtual reality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing100191, China
| | - De Gong
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing100191, China
| | | | | | - Xiang Cheng
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing100191, China
| | - Yonggang Jiang
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing100191, China
| | - Deyuan Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing100191, China
| | - Jun Cai
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing100191, China
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25
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Sun S, Wang Z, Wang Y. Progress in Microtopography Optimization of Polymers-Based Pressure/Strain Sensors. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15030764. [PMID: 36772064 PMCID: PMC9920621 DOI: 10.3390/polym15030764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the wide application of wearable electronic devices in daily life, research into flexible electronics has become very attractive. Recently, various polymer-based sensors have emerged with great sensing performance and excellent extensibility. It is well known that different structural designs each confer their own unique, great impacts on the properties of materials. For polymer-based pressure/strain sensors, different structural designs determine different response-sensing mechanisms, thus showing their unique advantages and characteristics. This paper mainly focuses on polymer-based pressure-sensing materials applied in different microstructures and reviews their respective advantages. At the same time, polymer-based pressure sensors with different microstructures, including with respect to their working mechanisms, key parameters, and relevant operating ranges, are discussed in detail. According to the summary of its performance and mechanisms, different morphologies of microstructures can be designed for a sensor according to its performance characteristics and application scenario requirements, and the optimal structure can be adjusted by weighing and comparing sensor performances for the future. Finally, a conclusion and future perspectives are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouheng Sun
- School of Economics and Management, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhenqin Wang
- School of Economics and Management, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yuting Wang
- Department of Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
- Correspondence:
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26
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Wang XM, Zhu B, Huang Y, Shen L, Chai Y, Han J, Yu J, Wang Z, Chen X. High-performance self-powered integrated system of pressure sensor and supercapacitor based on Cu@Cu2O/graphitic carbon layered porous structure. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 632:140-150. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.11.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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27
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Wang Z, Valenzuela C, Wu J, Chen Y, Wang L, Feng W. Bioinspired Freeze-Tolerant Soft Materials: Design, Properties, and Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2201597. [PMID: 35971186 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202201597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In nature, many biological organisms have developed the exceptional antifreezing ability to survive in extremely cold environments. Inspired by the freeze resistance of these organisms, researchers have devoted extensive efforts to develop advanced freeze-tolerant soft materials and explore their potential applications in diverse areas such as electronic skin, soft robotics, flexible energy, and biological science. Herein, a comprehensive overview on the recent advancement of freeze-tolerant soft materials and their emerging applications from the perspective of bioinspiration and advanced material engineering is provided. First, the mechanisms underlying the freeze tolerance of cold-enduring biological organisms are introduced. Then, engineering strategies for developing antifreezing soft materials are summarized. Thereafter, recent advances in freeze-tolerant soft materials for different technological applications such as smart sensors and actuators, energy harvesting and storage, and cryogenic medical applications are presented. Finally, future challenges and opportunities for the rapid development of bioinspired freeze-tolerant soft materials are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore, 117583, Singapore
| | - Cristian Valenzuela
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Jianhua Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Yuanhao Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Ling Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Wei Feng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
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28
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Li J, Li N, Zheng Y, Lou D, Jiang Y, Jiang J, Xu Q, Yang J, Sun Y, Pan C, Wang J, Peng Z, Zheng Z, Liu W. Interfacially Locked Metal Aerogel Inside Porous Polymer Composite for Sensitive and Durable Flexible Piezoresistive Sensors. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2201912. [PMID: 35748166 PMCID: PMC9376829 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202201912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Flexible pressure sensors play significant roles in wearable devices, electronic skins, and human-machine interface (HMI). However, it remains challenging to develop flexible piezoresistive sensors with outstanding comprehensive performances, especially with excellent long-term durability. Herein, a facile "interfacial locking strategy" has been developed to fabricate metal aerogel-based pressure sensors with excellent sensitivity and prominent stability. The strategy broke the bottleneck of the intrinsically poor mechanical properties of metal aerogels by grafting them on highly elastic melamine sponge with the help of a thin polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) layer as the interface-reinforcing media. The hierarchically porous conductive structure of the ensemble offered the as-prepared flexible piezoresistive sensor with a sensitivity as high as 12 kPa-1 , a response time as fast as 85 ms, and a prominent durability over 23 000 compression cycles. The excellent comprehensive performance enables the successful application of the flexible piezoresistive sensor as two-dimensional (2D) array device as well as three-dimensional (3D) force-detecting device for real-time monitoring of HMI activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- The Key Laboratory of Low‐Carbon Chemistry & Energy Conservation of Guangdong ProvinceKey Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of EducationState Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and TechnologiesSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510006P. R. China
| | - Ning Li
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong ProvinceCollege of Physics and Optoelectronic EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen518060P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Zheng
- The Key Laboratory of Low‐Carbon Chemistry & Energy Conservation of Guangdong ProvinceKey Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of EducationState Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and TechnologiesSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510006P. R. China
| | - Dongyang Lou
- The Key Laboratory of Low‐Carbon Chemistry & Energy Conservation of Guangdong ProvinceKey Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of EducationState Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and TechnologiesSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510006P. R. China
| | - Yue Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong ProvinceCollege of Physics and Optoelectronic EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen518060P. R. China
| | - Jiaxi Jiang
- Center for Advanced Mechanics and MaterialsApplied Mechanics LaboratoryDepartment of Engineering MechanicsTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084P. R. China
| | - Qunhui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong ProvinceCollege of Physics and Optoelectronic EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen518060P. R. China
| | - Jing Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Low‐Carbon Chemistry & Energy Conservation of Guangdong ProvinceKey Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of EducationState Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and TechnologiesSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510006P. R. China
| | - Yujing Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Low‐Carbon Chemistry & Energy Conservation of Guangdong ProvinceKey Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of EducationState Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and TechnologiesSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510006P. R. China
| | - Chuxuan Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Low‐Carbon Chemistry & Energy Conservation of Guangdong ProvinceKey Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of EducationState Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and TechnologiesSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510006P. R. China
| | - Jianlan Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Low‐Carbon Chemistry & Energy Conservation of Guangdong ProvinceKey Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of EducationState Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and TechnologiesSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510006P. R. China
| | - Zhengchun Peng
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong ProvinceCollege of Physics and Optoelectronic EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen518060P. R. China
| | - Zhikun Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of EducationState Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and TechnologiesSchool of chemistrySun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510006P. R. China
| | - Wei Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Low‐Carbon Chemistry & Energy Conservation of Guangdong ProvinceKey Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of EducationState Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and TechnologiesSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510006P. R. China
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29
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Shi Z, Meng L, Shi X, Li H, Zhang J, Sun Q, Liu X, Chen J, Liu S. Morphological Engineering of Sensing Materials for Flexible Pressure Sensors and Artificial Intelligence Applications. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2022; 14:141. [PMID: 35789444 PMCID: PMC9256895 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-022-00874-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Various morphological structures in pressure sensors with the resulting advanced sensing properties are reviewed comprehensively. Relevant manufacturing techniques and intelligent applications of pressure sensors are summarized in a complete and interesting way. Future challenges and perspectives of flexible pressure sensors are critically discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengya Shi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon Materials and Application, Henan Innovation Center for Functional Polymer Membrane Materials, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingxian Meng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon Materials and Application, Henan Innovation Center for Functional Polymer Membrane Materials, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinlei Shi
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, 352001, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongpeng Li
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, People's Republic of China
| | - Juzhong Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon Materials and Application, Henan Innovation Center for Functional Polymer Membrane Materials, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingqing Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon Materials and Application, Henan Innovation Center for Functional Polymer Membrane Materials, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuying Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon Materials and Application, Henan Innovation Center for Functional Polymer Membrane Materials, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinzhou Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon Materials and Application, Henan Innovation Center for Functional Polymer Membrane Materials, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuiren Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon Materials and Application, Henan Innovation Center for Functional Polymer Membrane Materials, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China.
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30
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Cheng Y, Li L, Liu Z, Yan S, Cheng F, Yue Y, Jia S, Wang J, Gao Y, Li L. 3D Porous MXene Aerogel through Gas Foaming for Multifunctional Pressure Sensor. Research (Wash D C) 2022. [DOI: 10.34133/2022/9843268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of smart wearable electronic devices puts forward higher requirements for future flexible electronics. The design of highly sensitive and high-performance flexible pressure sensors plays an important role in promoting the development of flexible electronic devices. Recently, MXenes with excellent properties have shown great potential in the field of flexible electronics. However, the easy-stacking inclination of nanomaterials limits the development of their excellent properties and the performance improvement of related pressure sensors. Traditional methods for constructing 3D porous structures have the disadvantages of complexity, long period, and difficulty of scalability. Here, the gas foaming strategy is adopted to rapidly construct 3D porous MXene aerogels. Combining the excellent surface properties of MXenes with the porous structure of aerogel, the prepared MXene aerogels are successfully used in high-performance multifunctional flexible pressure sensors with high sensitivity (306 kPa-1), wide detection range (2.3 Pa to 87.3 kPa), fast response time (35 ms), and ultrastability (>20,000 cycles), as well as self-healing, waterproof, cold-resistant, and heat-resistant capabilities. MXene aerogel pressure sensors show great potential in harsh environment detection, behavior monitoring, equipment recovery, pressure array identification, remote monitoring, and human-computer interaction applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfa Cheng
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Li Li
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zunyu Liu
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Shuwen Yan
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Feng Cheng
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Yang Yue
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Shuangfeng Jia
- School of Physics and Technology, Center for Electron Microscopy, MOE Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures and the Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jianbo Wang
- School of Physics and Technology, Center for Electron Microscopy, MOE Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures and the Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yihua Gao
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Luying Li
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan 430074, China
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Pu L, Ma H, Dong J, Zhang C, Lai F, He G, Ma P, Dong W, Huang Y, Liu T. Xylem-Inspired Polyimide/MXene Aerogels with Radial Lamellar Architectures for Highly Sensitive Strain Detection and Efficient Solar Steam Generation. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:4560-4568. [PMID: 35583326 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c01486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Polyimide aerogels with mechanical robustness, great compressibility, excellent antifatigue properties, and intriguing functionality have captured enormous attention in diverse applications. Here, enlightened by the xylem parenchyma of dicotyledonous stems, a radially architectured polyimide/MXene composite aerogel (RPIMX) with reversible compressibility is developed by combining the interfacial enhancing strategy and radial ice-templating method. The strong interaction between MXene flakes and polymer can glue the MXene to form continuous lamellae, the ice crystals grow preferentially along the radial temperature gradient can effectively constrain the lamellae to create a biomimetic radial lamellar architecture. As a result, the nature-inspired RPIMX composite aerogel with centrosymmetric lamellar structure and oriented channels manifests excellent mechanical strength, electrical conductivity, and water transporting capability along the longitudinal direction, endowing itself with intriguing applications for accurate human motion monitoring and efficient photothermal evaporation. These exciting properties make the biomimetic RPIMX aerogels promising candidates for flexible piezoresistive sensors and photothermal evaporators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Pu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Haojie Ma
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jiancheng Dong
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Feili Lai
- Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Leuven 3001, Belgium
| | - Guanjie He
- Christopher Ingold Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Piming Ma
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Weifu Dong
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yunpeng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Tianxi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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32
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Gao Y, Xiao T, Li Q, Chen Y, Qiu X, Liu J, Bian Y, Xuan F. Flexible microstructured pressure sensors: design, fabrication and applications. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 33. [PMID: 35439735 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac6812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, flexible pressure sensors have caused widespread concern for their extensive applications in human activity and health monitoring, robotics and prosthesis, as well as human-machine interface. Flexible pressure sensors in these applications are required to have a high sensitivity, large detective limit, linear response, fast response time, and mechanical stability. The mechanisms of capacitive, piezoresistive, and piezoelectric pressure sensors and the strategies to improve their performance are introduced. Sensing layers with microstructures have shown capability to significantly improve the performances of pressure sensors. Various fabrication methods for these structures are reviewed in terms of their pros and cons. Besides, the interference caused by environmental stimuli and internal stress from different directions leads to the infidelity of the signal transmission. Therefore, the anti-interference ability of flexible pressure sensors is highly desired. Several potential applications for flexible pressure sensors are also briefly discussed. Last, we conclude the future challenges for facilely fabricating flexible pressure sensors with high performance and anti-interference ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Pressure Systems and Safety of MOE, School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Pressure Systems and Safety of MOE, School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Li
- Key Laboratory of Pressure Systems and Safety of MOE, School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Pressure Systems and Safety of MOE, School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Xunlin Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Pressure Systems and Safety of MOE, School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiawen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pressure Systems and Safety of MOE, School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqing Bian
- Key Laboratory of Pressure Systems and Safety of MOE, School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuzhen Xuan
- Key Laboratory of Pressure Systems and Safety of MOE, School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China
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33
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Zhou Y, Zhao L, Tao W, Wang T, Sun P, Liu F, Yan X, Lu G. All-Nanofiber Network Structure for Ultrasensitive Piezoresistive Pressure Sensors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:19949-19957. [PMID: 35446539 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c24257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Sensing materials with fiber structures are excellent candidates for the fabrication of flexible pressure sensors due to their large specific surface area and abundant contact points. Here, an ultrathin, flexible piezoresistive pressure sensor that consists of a multilayer nanofiber network structure prepared via a simple electrospinning technique is reported. The ultrathin sensitive layer is composite nanofiber films composed of poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly (styrenesulfonate) and polyamide 6 (PEDOT:PSS/PA6) prepared by simultaneous electrospinning. PEDOT:PSS conductive fibers and PA6 elastic fibers are interwoven to form a multilayer network structure that can achieve ultrahigh sensitivity by forming a wealth of contact points during loading. In particular, gold-deposited PA6 fibers as upper and lower flexible electrodes can effectively increase the initial resistance. Due to this special fiber electrode structure, the sensor is able to generate a large electrical signal variability when subjected to a weak external force. The devices with different sensing properties can be obtained by controlling the electrospinning time. The sensor based on the PEDOT:PSS/PA6 nanofiber network has high sensitivity (6554.6 kPa-1 at 0-1.4 kPa), fast response time (53 ms), and wide detection range (0-60 kPa). Significantly, the device maintains ultrahigh sensitivity when cyclically loaded over 10,000 cycles at 5 kPa, which makes it have great prospects for applications in human health monitoring and motion monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Liupeng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Wei Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Tianshuang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Peng Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
- International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Fangmeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
- International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Xu Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Geyu Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
- International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
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34
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Tai G, Wei D, Su M, Li P, Xie L, Yang J. Force-Sensitive Interface Engineering in Flexible Pressure Sensors: A Review. SENSORS 2022; 22:s22072652. [PMID: 35408265 PMCID: PMC9002484 DOI: 10.3390/s22072652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Flexible pressure sensors have received extensive attention in recent years due to their great importance in intelligent electronic devices. In order to improve the sensing performance of flexible pressure sensors, researchers are committed to making improvements in device materials, force-sensitive interfaces, and device structures. This paper focuses on the force-sensitive interface engineering of the device, which listing the main preparation methods of various force-sensitive interface microstructures and describing their respective advantages and disadvantages from the working mechanisms and practical applications of the flexible pressure sensor. What is more, the device structures of the flexible pressure sensor are investigated with the regular and irregular force-sensitive interface and accordingly the influences of different device structures on the performance are discussed. Finally, we not only summarize diverse practical applications of the existing flexible pressure sensors controlled by the force-sensitive interface but also briefly discuss some existing problems and future prospects of how to improve the device performance through the adjustment of the force-sensitive interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guojun Tai
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China; (G.T.); (D.W.); (M.S.); (P.L.)
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
| | - Dapeng Wei
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China; (G.T.); (D.W.); (M.S.); (P.L.)
| | - Min Su
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China; (G.T.); (D.W.); (M.S.); (P.L.)
| | - Pei Li
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China; (G.T.); (D.W.); (M.S.); (P.L.)
- Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China;
| | - Lei Xie
- Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China;
| | - Jun Yang
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China; (G.T.); (D.W.); (M.S.); (P.L.)
- Correspondence:
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Yu Q, Su C, Bi S, Huang Y, Li J, Shao H, Jiang J, Chen N. Ti 3C 2T x@nonwoven Fabric Composite: Promising MXene-Coated Fabric for Wearable Piezoresistive Pressure Sensors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:9632-9643. [PMID: 35135192 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c00980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Although Ti3C2Tx MXene/fabric composites have shown promise as flexible pressure sensors, the effects of MXene composition and structure on piezoresistive properties and the effects of the textile structure on sensitivity have not been systematically studied. Herein, impregnation at room temperature was used as a cost-effective and scalable method to prepare composite materials using different fabrics [plain-woven fabric, twill-woven fabric, weft plain-knitted fabric, jersey cross-tuck fabric, and nonwoven fabric (NWF)] and MXene nanosheets (Ti3C2Tx, Ti2CTx, Ti3CNTx, Mo2CTx, Nb2CTx, and Mo2TiC2Tx). The MXene nanosheets adhered to the fabric surface through hydrogen bonding, resulting in a conductive network structure. The Ti3C2Tx@NWF composite was found to be the optimal flexible pressure sensor, demonstrating high sensitivity (6.31 kPa-1), a wide sensing range (up to 150 kPa), fast response/recovery times (300 ms/260 ms), and excellent durability (2000 cycles). Furthermore, the sensor was successfully used to monitor full-scale human motion, including pulse, and a 4 × 4 pixel flexible sensor array was shown to accurately locate pressure and recognize the pressure magnitude. These findings provide a basis for the rational design of MXene/textile composites as wearable pressure sensors for medical diagnosis, human-computer interactions, and electronic skin applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Yu
- College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Technical Textiles, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Chuanli Su
- College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Siyi Bi
- College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Yaoli Huang
- College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Jianna Li
- College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Huiqi Shao
- Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Jinhua Jiang
- College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Technical Textiles, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Nanliang Chen
- College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Technical Textiles, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
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36
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Yu Z, Xu J, Gong H, Li Y, Li L, Wei Q, Tang D. Bioinspired Self-Powered Piezoresistive Sensors for Simultaneous Monitoring of Human Health and Outdoor UV Light Intensity. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:5101-5111. [PMID: 35050572 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c23604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The exact fabrication of precise three-dimensional structures for piezoresistive sensors necessitates superior manufacturing methods or tooling, which are accompanied by time-consuming processes and the potential for environmental harm. Herein, we demonstrated a method for in situ synthesis of zinc oxide nanorod (ZnO NR) arrays on graphene-treated cotton and paper substrates and constructed highly sensitive, flexible, wearable, and chemically stable strain sensors. Based on the structure of pine trees and needles in nature, the hybrid sensing layer consisted of graphene-attached cotton or paper fibers and ZnO NRs, and the results showed a high sensitivity of 0.389, 0.095, and 0.029 kPa-1 and an ultra-wide linear range of 0-100 kPa of this sensor under optimal conditions. Our study found that water absorption and swelling of graphene fibers and the associated reduction of pore size and growth of zinc oxide were detrimental to pressure sensor performance. A random line model was developed to examine the effects of different hydrothermal times on sensor performance. Meanwhile, pulse detection, respiration detection, speech recognition, and motion detection, including finger movements, walking, and throat movements, were used to show their practical application in human health activity monitoring. In addition, monolithically grown ZnO NRs on graphene cotton sheets had been integrated into a flexible sensing platform for outdoor UV photo-indication, which is, to our knowledge, the first successful case of an integrated UV photo-detector and motion sensor. Due to its excellent strain detection and UV detection abilities, these strategies are a step forward in developing wearable sensors that are cost-controllable and high-performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Yu
- Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology (MOE & Fujian Province), Department of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhui Xu
- Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology (MOE & Fujian Province), Department of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, People's Republic of China
| | - Hexiang Gong
- Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology (MOE & Fujian Province), Department of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxuan Li
- Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology (MOE & Fujian Province), Department of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Li
- The First Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, People's Republic of China
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiaohua Wei
- Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology (MOE & Fujian Province), Department of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, People's Republic of China
| | - Dianping Tang
- Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology (MOE & Fujian Province), Department of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, People's Republic of China
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Wang Z, Bu T, Li Y, Wei D, Tao B, Yin Z, Zhang C, Wu H. Multidimensional Force Sensors Based on Triboelectric Nanogenerators for Electronic Skin. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:56320-56328. [PMID: 34783538 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c17506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The ability to detect multidimensional forces is highly desired for electronic skin (E-skin) sensors. Here, based on single-electrode-mode triboelectric nanogenerators (S-TENGs), fully elastic E-skin that can simultaneously sense normal pressure and shear force has been proposed. With the hemispherical curve-structure design and further structural optimization, the pressure sensor exhibits a high linearity and sensitivity of 144.8 mV/kPa in the low-pressure region. By partitioning the lower tribolayer into two symmetric parts, a multidimensional force sensor has been fabricated in which the output voltage sum and ratio of the two S-TENGs can be used for normal pressure and shear force sensing, respectively. When the multidimensional force sensors are mounted at a two-fingered robotic manipulator, the change of the grabbing state can be recognized, indicating that the sensor may have great application potential in tactile sensing for robotic manipulation, human-robot interactions, environmental awareness, and object recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyi Wang
- Flexible Electronics Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P. R. China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
| | - Tianzhao Bu
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yangyang Li
- Flexible Electronics Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P. R. China
| | - Danyang Wei
- Flexible Electronics Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P. R. China
| | - Bo Tao
- Flexible Electronics Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P. R. China
| | - Zhouping Yin
- Flexible Electronics Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P. R. China
| | - Chi Zhang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Hao Wu
- Flexible Electronics Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P. R. China
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Xu H, Li J, Li P, Shi J, Gao X, Luo W. Highly Efficient SO 2 Sensing by Light-Assisted Ag/PANI/SnO 2 at Room Temperature and the Sensing Mechanism. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:49194-49205. [PMID: 34613708 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c14548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Sulfur dioxide (SO2) is one of the most hazardous and common environmental pollutants. However, the development of room-temperature SO2 sensors is seriously lagging behind that of other toxic gas sensors due to their poor recovery properties. In this study, a light-assisted SO2 gas sensor based on polyaniline (PANI) and Ag nanoparticle-comodified tin dioxide nanostructures (Ag/PANI/SnO2) was developed and exhibited remarkable SO2 sensitivity and excellent recovery properties. The response of the Ag/PANI/SnO2 sensor (20.1) to 50 ppm SO2 under 365 nm ultraviolet (UV) light illumination at 20 °C was almost 10 times higher than that of the pure SnO2 sensor. Significantly, the UV-assisted Ag/PANI/SnO2 sensor had a rapid response time (110 s) and recovery time (100 s) to 50 ppm SO2, but in the absence of light, the sensors exhibited poor recovery performance or were even severely and irreversibly deactivated by SO2. The UV-assisted Ag/PANI/SnO2 sensor also exhibited excellent selectivity, superior reproducibility, and satisfactory long-term stability at room temperature. The increased charge carrier density, improved charge-transfer capability, and the higher active surface of the Ag/PANI/SnO2 sensor were revealed by electrochemical measurements and endowed with high SO2 sensitivity. Moreover, the light-induced formation of hot electrons in a high-energy state in Ag/PANI/SnO2 significantly facilitated the recovery of SO2 by the gas sensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyuan Xu
- School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory for Metallurgical Sensors and Technology, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
- Department of Engineering Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala SE-75121, Sweden
| | - Jianzhong Li
- School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory for Metallurgical Sensors and Technology, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Peidong Li
- School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory for Metallurgical Sensors and Technology, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Junjie Shi
- School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory for Metallurgical Sensors and Technology, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Xuanwen Gao
- School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory for Metallurgical Sensors and Technology, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Wenbin Luo
- School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory for Metallurgical Sensors and Technology, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
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39
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Huang S, Wu H. Texture Recognition Based on Perception Data from a Bionic Tactile Sensor. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21155224. [PMID: 34372461 PMCID: PMC8347799 DOI: 10.3390/s21155224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Texture recognition is important for robots to discern the characteristics of the object surface and adjust grasping and manipulation strategies accordingly. It is still challenging to develop texture classification approaches that are accurate and do not require high computational costs. In this work, we adopt a bionic tactile sensor to collect vibration data while sliding against materials of interest. Under a fixed contact pressure and speed, a total of 1000 sets of vibration data from ten different materials were collected. With the tactile perception data, four types of texture recognition algorithms are proposed. Three machine learning algorithms, including support vector machine, random forest, and K-nearest neighbor, are established for texture recognition. The test accuracy of those three methods are 95%, 94%, 94%, respectively. In the detection process of machine learning algorithms, the asamoto and polyester are easy to be confused with each other. A convolutional neural network is established to further increase the test accuracy to 98.5%. The three machine learning models and convolutional neural network demonstrate high accuracy and excellent robustness.
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40
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Yang T, Deng W, Chu X, Wang X, Hu Y, Fan X, Song J, Gao Y, Zhang B, Tian G, Xiong D, Zhong S, Tang L, Hu Y, Yang W. Hierarchically Microstructure-Bioinspired Flexible Piezoresistive Bioelectronics. ACS NANO 2021; 15:11555-11563. [PMID: 34128640 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c01606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The naturally microstructure-bioinspired piezoresistive sensor for human-machine interaction and human health monitoring represents an attractive opportunity for wearable bioelectronics. However, due to the trade-off between sensitivity and linear detection range, obtaining piezoresistive sensors with both a wide pressure monitoring range and a high sensitivity is still a great challenge. Herein, we design a hierarchically microstructure-bioinspired flexible piezoresistive sensor consisting of a hierarchical polyaniline/polyvinylidene fluoride nanofiber (HPPNF) film sandwiched between two interlocking electrodes with microdome structure. Ascribed to the substantially enlarged 3D deformation rates, these bioelectronics exhibit an ultrahigh sensitivity of 53 kPa-1, a pressure detection range from 58.4 to 960 Pa, a fast response time of 38 ms, and excellent cycle stability over 50 000 cycles. Furthermore, this conformally skin-adhered sensor successfully demonstrates the monitoring of human physiological signals and movement states, such as wrist pulse, throat activity, spinal posture, and gait recognition. Evidently, this hierarchically microstructure-bioinspired and amplified sensitivity piezoresistive sensor provides a promising strategy for the rapid development of next-generation wearable bioelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P. R. China
| | - Weili Deng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Chu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P. R. China
| | - Yeting Hu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P. R. China
| | - Xi Fan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P. R. China
| | - Jia Song
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P. R. China
| | - Yuyu Gao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P. R. China
| | - Binbin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P. R. China
| | - Guo Tian
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P. R. China
| | - Da Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P. R. China
| | - Shen Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P. R. China
| | - Lihua Tang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Auckland, 5-7 Grafton Road, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Yonghe Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command of PLA, Chengdu, 610083 P. R. China
| | - Weiqing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Traction Power, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P. R. China
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