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Gvozdenko A, Blinov A, Golik A, Rekhman Z, Nagdalian A, Filippov D, Askerova A, Bocharov N, Kastarnova E, Hassan FA, AL-Farga A, Shariati MA. Harnessing the Power of a Novel Triple Chelate Complex in Fermented Probiotic Dairy Products: A Promising Solution for Combating Iron Deficiency Anemia. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:28594-28610. [PMID: 38973905 PMCID: PMC11223220 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c02664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
This study discovered and examined novel triple chelate complexes involving iron, ascorbic acid, and essential amino acids (AsA-Fe-AmA triple chelate complexes) for the first time. The mechanism of complex formation was studied using FTIR spectroscopy and quantum chemical modeling. The produced complexes were shown to be suitable for fortifying food items with a pH of 3-7 that have not been exposed to heat treatment at temperatures over 75 °C for more than 15 min. Thus, it can be said that the concentration for milk fortification should be 0.005 mol/L or less. In vivo experiments in rats models revealed that the synthesized complexes increased serum iron levels after a single application to reference values within 24 h of oral administration. The iron level increased by 14.0 mmol/L at 2 mL dose of the complex. This fact makes it possible to consider the use of developed complexes and developed fermented dairy products for the prevention of iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia. Research on the effect of discovered compounds on the physicochemical and organoleptic qualities of milk was conducted. Furthermore, iron ascorbate threoninate, iron ascorbate methioninate, iron ascorbate lysinate, and iron ascorbate tryptophanate all had a beneficial effect on Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus at concentrations as low as 0.0005 mol/L, which is significant for milk fermentation. A study of fermented milk products revealed that the most effective AsA-Fe-AmA triple chelate complex is iron ascorbate lysinate, which might be further investigated as a viable molecule for dietary fortification in iron deficiency anemia. It was found that fortified fermented milk products had a titratable acidity of 67 ± 1°T, pH of 4.38 ± 0.05, and a viscosity of 2018 ± 142 Pa·s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey Gvozdenko
- Physical
and Technical Faculty, North-Caucasus Federal
University, Stavropol 355017, Russia
| | - Andrey Blinov
- Physical
and Technical Faculty, North-Caucasus Federal
University, Stavropol 355017, Russia
| | - Alexey Golik
- Physical
and Technical Faculty, North-Caucasus Federal
University, Stavropol 355017, Russia
| | - Zafar Rekhman
- Physical
and Technical Faculty, North-Caucasus Federal
University, Stavropol 355017, Russia
| | - Andrey Nagdalian
- Laboratory
of Food and Industrial Biotechnology, North-Caucasus
Federal University, Stavropol 355017, Russia
| | - Dionis Filippov
- Physical
and Technical Faculty, North-Caucasus Federal
University, Stavropol 355017, Russia
| | - Alina Askerova
- Laboratory
of Food and Industrial Biotechnology, North-Caucasus
Federal University, Stavropol 355017, Russia
| | - Nikita Bocharov
- Physical
and Technical Faculty, North-Caucasus Federal
University, Stavropol 355017, Russia
| | - Elena Kastarnova
- Eterinary
Faculty, Stavropol Sate Agrarian University, Zootechnicheskiy Street 9, Stavropol 355017, Russia
| | - Faten Abdo Hassan
- Faculty
of Science, Department of Microbiology, Taiz University, Taiz 9674, Yemen
| | - Ammar AL-Farga
- Department
of Biochemistry, College of Science, University
of Jeddah, Jeddah 21577, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Ali Shariati
- Scientific
Department, Semey Branch of the Kazakh Research
Institute of Processing and Food Industry, Gagarin Avenue 238G, Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan
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2
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Chow EW, Pang LM, Wang Y. The impact of the host microbiota on Candida albicans infection. Curr Opin Microbiol 2024; 80:102507. [PMID: 38955050 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2024.102507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
The human microbiota is a complex microbial ecosystem populated by bacteria, fungi, viruses, protists, and archaea. The coexistence of fungi alongside with many billions of bacteria, especially in the gut, involves complex interactions, ranging from antagonistic to beneficial, between the members of these two kingdoms. Bacteria can impact fungi through various means, such as physical interactions, secretion of metabolites, or alteration of the host immune response, thereby affecting fungal growth and virulence. This review summarizes recent progress in this field, delving into the latest understandings of bacterial-fungal-immune interactions and innovative therapeutic approaches addressing the challenges of treating fungal infections associated with microbiota imbalances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eve Wl Chow
- A*STAR Infectious Diseases Laboratories (ID Labs), Agency for Science and Technology Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, #05-13 Immunos, Singapore 138648
| | - Li M Pang
- A*STAR Infectious Diseases Laboratories (ID Labs), Agency for Science and Technology Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, #05-13 Immunos, Singapore 138648
| | - Yue Wang
- A*STAR Infectious Diseases Laboratories (ID Labs), Agency for Science and Technology Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, #05-13 Immunos, Singapore 138648; Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
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3
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Renga G, Pariano M, D'Onofrio F, Pieraccini G, Di Serio C, Villella VR, Abbate C, Puccetti M, Giovagnoli S, Stincardini C, Bellet MM, Ricci M, Costantini C, Oikonomou V, Romani L. The immune and microbial homeostasis determines the Candida-mast cells cross-talk in celiac disease. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202302441. [PMID: 38719750 PMCID: PMC11079604 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune enteropathy resulting from an interaction between diet, genome, and immunity. Although many patients respond to a gluten-free diet, in a substantive number of individuals, the intestinal injury persists. Thus, other factors might amplify the ongoing inflammation. Candida albicans is a commensal fungus that is well adapted to the intestinal life. However, specific conditions increase Candida pathogenicity. The hypothesis that Candida may be a trigger in CD has been proposed after the observation of similarity between a fungal wall component and two CD-related gliadin T-cell epitopes. However, despite being implicated in intestinal disorders, Candida may also protect against immune pathologies highlighting a more intriguing role in the gut. Herein, we postulated that a state of chronic inflammation associated with microbial dysbiosis and leaky gut are favorable conditions that promote C. albicans pathogenicity eventually contributing to CD pathology via a mast cells (MC)-IL-9 axis. However, the restoration of immune and microbial homeostasis promotes a beneficial C. albicans-MC cross-talk favoring the attenuation of CD pathology to alleviate CD pathology and symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Renga
- https://ror.org/00x27da85 Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Marilena Pariano
- https://ror.org/00x27da85 Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Fiorella D'Onofrio
- https://ror.org/00x27da85 Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Claudia Di Serio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Valeria Rachela Villella
- European Institute for Research in Cystic Fibrosis (IERFC-Onlus), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo Abbate
- European Institute for Research in Cystic Fibrosis (IERFC-Onlus), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Puccetti
- https://ror.org/00x27da85 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Stefano Giovagnoli
- https://ror.org/00x27da85 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Claudia Stincardini
- https://ror.org/00x27da85 Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Marina Maria Bellet
- https://ror.org/00x27da85 Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Maurizio Ricci
- https://ror.org/00x27da85 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Claudio Costantini
- https://ror.org/00x27da85 Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Vasileios Oikonomou
- https://ror.org/00x27da85 Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Luigina Romani
- https://ror.org/00x27da85 Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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4
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Katsipoulaki M, Stappers MHT, Malavia-Jones D, Brunke S, Hube B, Gow NAR. Candida albicans and Candida glabrata: global priority pathogens. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 2024; 88:e0002123. [PMID: 38832801 DOI: 10.1128/mmbr.00021-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
SUMMARYA significant increase in the incidence of Candida-mediated infections has been observed in the last decade, mainly due to rising numbers of susceptible individuals. Recently, the World Health Organization published its first fungal pathogen priority list, with Candida species listed in medium, high, and critical priority categories. This review is a synthesis of information and recent advances in our understanding of two of these species-Candida albicans and Candida glabrata. Of these, C. albicans is the most common cause of candidemia around the world and is categorized as a critical priority pathogen. C. glabrata is considered a high-priority pathogen and has become an increasingly important cause of candidemia in recent years. It is now the second most common causative agent of candidemia in many geographical regions. Despite their differences and phylogenetic divergence, they are successful as pathogens and commensals of humans. Both species can cause a broad variety of infections, ranging from superficial to potentially lethal systemic infections. While they share similarities in certain infection strategies, including tissue adhesion and invasion, they differ significantly in key aspects of their biology, interaction with immune cells, host damage strategies, and metabolic adaptations. Here we provide insights on key aspects of their biology, epidemiology, commensal and pathogenic lifestyles, interactions with the immune system, and antifungal resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myrto Katsipoulaki
- Department of Microbial Pathogenicity Mechanisms, Hans Knoell Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Mark H T Stappers
- MRC Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Dhara Malavia-Jones
- MRC Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Sascha Brunke
- Department of Microbial Pathogenicity Mechanisms, Hans Knoell Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Bernhard Hube
- Department of Microbial Pathogenicity Mechanisms, Hans Knoell Institute, Jena, Germany
- Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Neil A R Gow
- MRC Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
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5
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Brown GD, Ballou ER, Bates S, Bignell EM, Borman AM, Brand AC, Brown AJP, Coelho C, Cook PC, Farrer RA, Govender NP, Gow NAR, Hope W, Hoving JC, Dangarembizi R, Harrison TS, Johnson EM, Mukaremera L, Ramsdale M, Thornton CR, Usher J, Warris A, Wilson D. The pathobiology of human fungal infections. Nat Rev Microbiol 2024:10.1038/s41579-024-01062-w. [PMID: 38918447 DOI: 10.1038/s41579-024-01062-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Human fungal infections are a historically neglected area of disease research, yet they cause more than 1.5 million deaths every year. Our understanding of the pathophysiology of these infections has increased considerably over the past decade, through major insights into both the host and pathogen factors that contribute to the phenotype and severity of these diseases. Recent studies are revealing multiple mechanisms by which fungi modify and manipulate the host, escape immune surveillance and generate complex comorbidities. Although the emergence of fungal strains that are less susceptible to antifungal drugs or that rapidly evolve drug resistance is posing new threats, greater understanding of immune mechanisms and host susceptibility factors is beginning to offer novel immunotherapeutic options for the future. In this Review, we provide a broad and comprehensive overview of the pathobiology of human fungal infections, focusing specifically on pathogens that can cause invasive life-threatening infections, highlighting recent discoveries from the pathogen, host and clinical perspectives. We conclude by discussing key future challenges including antifungal drug resistance, the emergence of new pathogens and new developments in modern medicine that are promoting susceptibility to infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon D Brown
- Medical Research Council Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
| | - Elizabeth R Ballou
- Medical Research Council Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Steven Bates
- Medical Research Council Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Elaine M Bignell
- Medical Research Council Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Andrew M Borman
- Medical Research Council Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Alexandra C Brand
- Medical Research Council Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Alistair J P Brown
- Medical Research Council Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Carolina Coelho
- Medical Research Council Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Peter C Cook
- Medical Research Council Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Rhys A Farrer
- Medical Research Council Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Nelesh P Govender
- Medical Research Council Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Neil A R Gow
- Medical Research Council Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - William Hope
- Medical Research Council Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - J Claire Hoving
- Medical Research Council Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Rachael Dangarembizi
- Medical Research Council Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Thomas S Harrison
- Medical Research Council Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Elizabeth M Johnson
- Medical Research Council Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Liliane Mukaremera
- Medical Research Council Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Mark Ramsdale
- Medical Research Council Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | | | - Jane Usher
- Medical Research Council Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Adilia Warris
- Medical Research Council Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Duncan Wilson
- Medical Research Council Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
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6
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Armstrong E, Hemmerling A, Miller S, Huibner S, Kulikova M, Liu R, Crawford E, Castañeda GR, Coburn B, Cohen CR, Kaul R. Vaginal fungi are associated with treatment-induced shifts in the vaginal microbiota and with a distinct genital immune profile. Microbiol Spectr 2024:e0350123. [PMID: 38912808 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03501-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Vaginal colonization by fungi may elicit genital inflammation and enhance the risk of adverse reproductive health outcomes, such as HIV acquisition. Cross-sectional studies have linked fungi with an absence of bacterial vaginosis (BV), but it is unclear whether shifts in vaginal bacteria alter the abundance of vaginal fungi. Vaginal swabs collected following topical metronidazole treatment for BV during the phase 2b, placebo-controlled trial of LACTIN-V, a Lactobacillus crispatus-based live biotherapeutic, were assayed with semi-quantitative PCR for the relative quantitation of fungi and key bacterial species and multiplex immunoassay for immune factors. Vaginal fungi increased immediately following metronidazole treatment for BV (adjusted P = 0.0006), with most of this increase attributable to Candida albicans. Vaginal fungi were independently linked to elevated levels of the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL) 17A, although this association did not remain significant after correcting for multiple comparisons. Fungal relative abundance by semi-quantitative PCR returned to baseline levels within 1 month of metronidazole treatment and was not affected by LACTIN-V or placebo administration. Fungal abundance was positively associated with Lactobacillus species, negatively associated with BV-associated bacteria, and positively associated with a variety of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, including IL-17A, during and after study product administration. Antibiotic treatment for BV resulted in a transient expanded abundance of vaginal fungi in a subset of women which was unaffected by subsequent administration of LACTIN-V. Vaginal fungi were positively associated with Lactobacillus species and IL-17A and negatively associated with BV-associated bacteria; these associations were most pronounced in the longer-term outcomes.IMPORTANCEVaginal colonization by fungi can enhance the risk of adverse reproductive health outcomes and HIV acquisition, potentially by eliciting genital mucosal inflammation. We show that standard antibiotic treatment for bacterial vaginosis (BV) results in a transient increase in the absolute abundance of vaginal fungi, most of which was identified as Candida albicans. Vaginal fungi were positively associated with proinflammatory immune factors and negatively associated with BV-associated bacteria. These findings improve our understanding of how shifts in the bacterial composition of the vaginal microbiota may enhance proliferation by proinflammatory vaginal fungi, which may have important implications for risk of adverse reproductive health outcomes among women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Armstrong
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Anke Hemmerling
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Steve Miller
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Delve Bio, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Sanja Huibner
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Maria Kulikova
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Rachel Liu
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Emily Crawford
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | - Bryan Coburn
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Craig R Cohen
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Rupert Kaul
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
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7
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Wang X, Zhou S, Hu X, Ye C, Nie Q, Wang K, Yan S, Lin J, Xu F, Li M, Wu Q, Sun L, Liu B, Zhang Y, Yun C, Wang X, Liu H, Yin WB, Zhao D, Hang J, Zhang S, Jiang C, Pang Y. Candida albicans accelerates atherosclerosis by activating intestinal hypoxia-inducible factor2α signaling. Cell Host Microbe 2024; 32:964-979.e7. [PMID: 38754418 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2024.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
The gut microbiota is closely linked to atherosclerosis. However, the role of intestinal fungi, essential members of the complex microbial community, in atherosclerosis is poorly understood. Herein, we show that gut fungi dysbiosis is implicated in patients with dyslipidemia, characterized by higher levels of Candida albicans (C. albicans), which are positively correlated with plasma total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels. Furthermore, C. albicans colonization aggravates atherosclerosis progression in a mouse model of the disease. Through gain- and loss-of-function studies, we show that an intestinal hypoxia-inducible factor 2α (HIF-2α)-ceramide pathway mediates the effect of C. albicans. Mechanistically, formyl-methionine, a metabolite of C. albicans, activates intestinal HIF-2α signaling, which drives increased ceramide synthesis to accelerate atherosclerosis. Administration of the HIF-2α selective antagonist PT2385 alleviates atherosclerosis in mice by reducing ceramide levels. Our findings identify a role for intestinal fungi in atherosclerosis progression and highlight the intestinal HIF-2α-ceramide pathway as a target for atherosclerosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Medicine Innovation Center for Fundamental Research on Major Immunology-related Diseases, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shuang Zhou
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Medicine Innovation Center for Fundamental Research on Major Immunology-related Diseases, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaomin Hu
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Chuan Ye
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Medicine Innovation Center for Fundamental Research on Major Immunology-related Diseases, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Qixing Nie
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Medicine Innovation Center for Fundamental Research on Major Immunology-related Diseases, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Medicine Innovation Center for Fundamental Research on Major Immunology-related Diseases, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Sen Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jun Lin
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Medicine Innovation Center for Fundamental Research on Major Immunology-related Diseases, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics, Janssen China Research & Development, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Medicine Innovation Center for Fundamental Research on Major Immunology-related Diseases, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Qing Wu
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Lulu Sun
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Cancer Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Chuyu Yun
- State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xian Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Huiying Liu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Medicine Innovation Center for Fundamental Research on Major Immunology-related Diseases, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Wen-Bing Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Dongyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jing Hang
- State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Shuyang Zhang
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China.
| | - Changtao Jiang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Medicine Innovation Center for Fundamental Research on Major Immunology-related Diseases, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Yanli Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.
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8
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Kaden T, Alonso-Roman R, Akbarimoghaddam P, Mosig AS, Graf K, Raasch M, Hoffmann B, Figge MT, Hube B, Gresnigt MS. Modeling of intravenous caspofungin administration using an intestine-on-chip reveals altered Candida albicans microcolonies and pathogenicity. Biomaterials 2024; 307:122525. [PMID: 38489910 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Candida albicans is a commensal yeast of the human intestinal microbiota that, under predisposing conditions, can become pathogenic and cause life-threatening systemic infections (candidiasis). Fungal-host interactions during candidiasis are commonly studied using conventional 2D in vitro models, which have provided critical insights into the pathogenicity. However, microphysiological models with a higher biological complexity may be more suitable to mimic in vivo-like infection processes and antifungal drug efficacy. Therefore, a 3D intestine-on-chip model was used to investigate fungal-host interactions during the onset of invasive candidiasis and evaluate antifungal treatment under clinically relevant conditions. By combining microbiological and image-based analyses we quantified infection processes such as invasiveness and fungal translocation across the epithelial barrier. Additionally, we obtained novel insights into fungal microcolony morphology and association with the tissue. Our results demonstrate that C. albicans microcolonies induce injury to the epithelial tissue by disrupting apical cell-cell contacts and causing inflammation. Caspofungin treatment effectively reduced the fungal biomass and induced substantial alterations in microcolony morphology during infection with a wild-type strain. However, caspofungin showed limited effects after infection with an echinocandin-resistant clinical isolate. Collectively, this organ-on-chip model can be leveraged for in-depth characterization of pathogen-host interactions and alterations due to antimicrobial treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Kaden
- Dynamic42 GmbH, Jena, Germany; Institute of Biochemistry II, Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Raquel Alonso-Roman
- Department of Microbial Pathogenicity Mechanisms, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans-Knöll-Institute, Jena, Germany; Cluster of Excellence Balance of the Microverse, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Parastoo Akbarimoghaddam
- Cluster of Excellence Balance of the Microverse, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany; Applied Systems Biology, HKI-Center for Systems Biology of Infection, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans-Knöll-Institute, Jena, Germany; Faculty of Biological Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Alexander S Mosig
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany; Cluster of Excellence Balance of the Microverse, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | | | | | - Bianca Hoffmann
- Applied Systems Biology, HKI-Center for Systems Biology of Infection, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans-Knöll-Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Marc T Figge
- Cluster of Excellence Balance of the Microverse, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany; Applied Systems Biology, HKI-Center for Systems Biology of Infection, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans-Knöll-Institute, Jena, Germany; Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany.
| | - Bernhard Hube
- Department of Microbial Pathogenicity Mechanisms, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans-Knöll-Institute, Jena, Germany; Cluster of Excellence Balance of the Microverse, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany; Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany.
| | - Mark S Gresnigt
- Cluster of Excellence Balance of the Microverse, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany; Junior Research Group Adaptive Pathogenicity Strategies, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans-Knöll-Institute, Jena, Germany.
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9
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McCrory C, Lenardon M, Traven A. Bacteria-derived short-chain fatty acids as potential regulators of fungal commensalism and pathogenesis. Trends Microbiol 2024:S0966-842X(24)00089-1. [PMID: 38729839 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2024.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
The human gastrointestinal microbiome encompasses bacteria, fungi, and viruses forming complex bionetworks which, for organismal health, must be in a state of homeostasis. An important homeostatic mechanism derives from microbial competition, which maintains the relative abundance of microbial species in a healthy balance. Microbes compete for nutrients and secrete metabolites that inhibit other microbes. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are one such class of metabolites made by gut bacteria to very high levels. SCFAs are metabolised by microbes and host cells and have multiple roles in regulating cell physiology. Here, we review the mechanisms by which SCFAs regulate the fungal gut commensal Candida albicans. We discuss SCFA's ability to inhibit fungal growth, limit invasive behaviours and modulate cell surface antigens recognised by immune cells. We review the mechanisms underlying these roles: regulation of gene expression, metabolism, signalling and SCFA-driven post-translational protein modifications by acylation, which contribute to changes in acylome dynamics of C. albicans with potentially large consequences for cell physiology. Given that the gut mycobiome is a reservoir for systemic disease and has also been implicated in inflammatory bowel disease, understanding the mechanisms by which bacterial metabolites, such as SCFAs, control the mycobiome might provide therapeutic avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher McCrory
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Infection Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Victoria, Australia; Centre to Impact AMR, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Victoria, Australia
| | - Megan Lenardon
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ana Traven
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Infection Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Victoria, Australia; Centre to Impact AMR, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Victoria, Australia.
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10
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Sekeresova Kralova J, Donic C, Dassa B, Livyatan I, Jansen PM, Ben-Dor S, Fidel L, Trzebanski S, Narunsky-Haziza L, Asraf O, Brenner O, Dafni H, Jona G, Boura-Halfon S, Stettner N, Segal E, Brunke S, Pilpel Y, Straussman R, Zeevi D, Bacher P, Hube B, Shlezinger N, Jung S. Competitive fungal commensalism mitigates candidiasis pathology. J Exp Med 2024; 221:e20231686. [PMID: 38497819 PMCID: PMC10949073 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20231686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The mycobiota are a critical part of the gut microbiome, but host-fungal interactions and specific functional contributions of commensal fungi to host fitness remain incompletely understood. Here, we report the identification of a new fungal commensal, Kazachstania heterogenica var. weizmannii, isolated from murine intestines. K. weizmannii exposure prevented Candida albicans colonization and significantly reduced the commensal C. albicans burden in colonized animals. Following immunosuppression of C. albicans colonized mice, competitive fungal commensalism thereby mitigated fatal candidiasis. Metagenome analysis revealed K. heterogenica or K. weizmannii presence among human commensals. Our results reveal competitive fungal commensalism within the intestinal microbiota, independent of bacteria and immune responses, that could bear potential therapeutic value for the management of C. albicans-mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Catalina Donic
- Departments of Immunology and Regenerative Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Bareket Dassa
- Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ilana Livyatan
- Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Paul Mathias Jansen
- Department of Microbial Pathogenicity Mechanisms, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology—Hans Knoell Institute Jena (HKI), Jena, Germany
| | - Shifra Ben-Dor
- Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Lena Fidel
- Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Sébastien Trzebanski
- Departments of Immunology and Regenerative Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | - Omer Asraf
- Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ori Brenner
- Veterinary Resources, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Hagit Dafni
- Veterinary Resources, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ghil Jona
- Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Sigalit Boura-Halfon
- Departments of Immunology and Regenerative Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Noa Stettner
- Veterinary Resources, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Eran Segal
- Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Sascha Brunke
- Department of Microbial Pathogenicity Mechanisms, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology—Hans Knoell Institute Jena (HKI), Jena, Germany
| | - Yitzhak Pilpel
- Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ravid Straussman
- Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - David Zeevi
- Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Petra Bacher
- Institute of Immunology, Christian-Albrecht-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrecht-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Bernhard Hube
- Department of Microbial Pathogenicity Mechanisms, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology—Hans Knoell Institute Jena (HKI), Jena, Germany
- Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Neta Shlezinger
- The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Steffen Jung
- Departments of Immunology and Regenerative Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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11
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Pedro NA, Mira NP. A molecular view on the interference established between vaginal Lactobacilli and pathogenic Candida species: Challenges and opportunities for the development of new therapies. Microbiol Res 2024; 281:127628. [PMID: 38246122 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Vaginal infectious diseases caused by viruses and bacteria have been linked to the occurrence of dysbiosis, that is, a reduction in the abundance of the normally dominating vaginal Lactobacillus species. Mucosal infections in the vagina and/or vulva caused by Candida species, usually known as vulvovaginal candidiasis (or VVC), are among the leading causes of diseases in the vaginal tract. The existence of a clear link between the occurrence of dysbiosis and the development of VVC is still unclear, although multiple observations point in that direction. Based on the idea that vaginal health is linked to a microbiota dominated by lactobacilli, several probiotics have been used in management of VVC, either alone or in combination with antifungals, having obtained different degrees of success. In most cases, the undertaken trials resorted to lactobacilli species other than those indigenous to the vaginal tract, although in vitro these vaginal species were shown to reduce growth, viability and virulence of Candida. In this paper we overview the role of lactobacilli and Candida in the vaginal micro- and myco-biomes, while discussing the results obtained in what concerns the establishment of interference mechanisms in vivo and the environmental factors that could determine that. We also overview the molecular mechanisms by which lactobacilli species have been shown to inhibit pathophysiology of Candida, including the description of the genes and pathways determining their ability to thrive in the presence of each other. In a time where concerns are increasing with the emergence of antifungal resistance and the slow pace of discovery of new antifungals, a thorough understanding of the molecular mechanisms underneath the anti-Candida effect prompted by vaginal lactobacilli is of utmost importance to assure a knowledge-based design of what can be a new generation of pharmaceuticals, eventually focusing therapeutic targets other than the usual ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuno A Pedro
- iBB, Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico - Department of Bioengineering, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy at Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Nuno P Mira
- iBB, Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico - Department of Bioengineering, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy at Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
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12
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Spaggiari L, Pedretti N, Ricchi F, Pinetti D, Campisciano G, De Seta F, Comar M, Kenno S, Ardizzoni A, Pericolini E. An Untargeted Metabolomic Analysis of Lacticaseibacillus ( L.) rhamnosus, Lactobacillus ( L.) acidophilus, Lactiplantibacillus ( L.) plantarum and Limosilactobacillus ( L.) reuteri Reveals an Upregulated Production of Inosine from L. rhamnosus. Microorganisms 2024; 12:662. [PMID: 38674606 PMCID: PMC11051988 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12040662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria are considered an inexhaustible source of bioactive compounds; indeed, products from their metabolism are known to have immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activity. Recently, we demonstrated that Cell-Free Supernatants (CFS) obtained from Lactobacillus (L.) acidophilus, Lactiplantibacillus (L.) plantarum, Lacticaseibacillus (L.) rhamnosus, and Limosilactobacillus (L.) reuteri can impair Candida pathogenic potential in an in vitro model of epithelial vaginal infection. This effect could be ascribed to a direct effect of living lactic acid bacteria on Candida virulence and to the production of metabolites that are able to impair fungal virulence. In the present work, stemming from these data, we deepened our knowledge of CFS from these four lactic acid bacteria by performing a metabolomic analysis to better characterize their composition. By using an untargeted metabolomic approach, we detected consistent differences in the metabolites produced by these four different lactic acid bacteria. Interestingly, L. rhamnosus and L. acidophilus showed the most peculiar metabolic profiles. Specifically, after a hierarchical clustering analysis, L. rhamnosus and L. acidophilus showed specific areas of significantly overexpressed metabolites that strongly differed from the same areas in other lactic acid bacteria. From the overexpressed compounds in these areas, inosine from L. rhamnosus returned with the best identification profile. This molecule has been described as having antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-infective, and neuroprotective properties. The biological significance of its overproduction by L. rhamnosus might be important in its probiotic and/or postbiotic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Spaggiari
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (L.S.); (F.R.)
| | - Natalia Pedretti
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncological and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy; (N.P.); (S.K.); (A.A.)
| | - Francesco Ricchi
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (L.S.); (F.R.)
| | - Diego Pinetti
- Centro Interdipartimentale Grandi Strumenti, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy;
| | - Giuseppina Campisciano
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS, Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (G.C.); (M.C.)
| | - Francesco De Seta
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, University Vita and Salute, 20132 Milan, Italy;
| | - Manola Comar
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS, Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (G.C.); (M.C.)
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, 34129 Trieste, Italy
| | - Samyr Kenno
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncological and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy; (N.P.); (S.K.); (A.A.)
| | - Andrea Ardizzoni
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncological and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy; (N.P.); (S.K.); (A.A.)
| | - Eva Pericolini
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncological and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy; (N.P.); (S.K.); (A.A.)
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13
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Kaur M, Miquel S, Ollivier-Nakusi L, Thoral C, Vareille-Delarbre M, Bekirian C, d'Enfert C, Fontaine T, Roget K, Forestier C. Elemental sulfur enhances the anti-fungal effect of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus Lcr35. Microbes Infect 2024; 26:105286. [PMID: 38160785 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2023.105286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus Lcr35 is a well-known bacterial strain whose efficiency in preventing recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis has been largely demonstrated in clinical trials. The presence of sodium thiosulfate (STS) has been shown to enhance its ability to inhibit the growth of Candida albicans strains. In this study, we confirmed that Lcr35 has a fungicidal effect not only on the planktonic form of C. albicans but also on other life forms such as hypha and biofilm. Transcriptomic analysis showed that the presence of C. albicans induced a metabolic adaptation of Lcr35 potentially associated with a competitive advantage over yeast cells. However, STS alone had no impact on the global gene expression of Lcr35, which is not in favor of the involvement of an enzymatic transformation of STS. Comparative HPLC and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of the organic phase from cell-free supernatant (CFS) fractions obtained from Lcr35 cultures performed in the presence and absence of STS identified elemental sulfur (S0) in the samples initially containing STS. In addition, the anti-Candida activity of CFS from STS-containing cultures was shown to be pH-dependent and occurred at acidic pH lower than 5. We next investigated the antifungal activity of lactic acid and acetic acid, the two main organic acids produced by lactobacilli. The two molecules affected the viability of C. albicans but only at pH 3.5 and in a dose-dependent manner, an antifungal effect that was enhanced in samples containing STS in which the thiosulfate was decomposed into S0. In conclusion, the use of STS as an excipient in the manufacturing process of Lcr35 exerted a dual action since the production of organic acids by Lcr35 facilitates the decomposition of thiosulfate into S0, thereby enhancing the bacteria's own anti-fungal effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjyot Kaur
- NEXBIOME Therapeutics, 22 Allée Alan Turing, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, LMGE, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Sylvie Miquel
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, LMGE, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | | | - Claudia Thoral
- NEXBIOME Therapeutics, 22 Allée Alan Turing, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | - Clara Bekirian
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INRAE USC 2019, Unité Biologie et Pathogénicité Fongiques, 25, rue du Docteur Roux, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Christophe d'Enfert
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INRAE USC 2019, Unité Biologie et Pathogénicité Fongiques, 25, rue du Docteur Roux, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Thierry Fontaine
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INRAE USC 2019, Unité Biologie et Pathogénicité Fongiques, 25, rue du Docteur Roux, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Karine Roget
- NEXBIOME Therapeutics, 22 Allée Alan Turing, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
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14
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Lv JL, Min D, Cheng ZH, Zhang JX, Li WW, Mu Y, Liu SJ, Liu DF. Direct ammonia oxidation (Dirammox) is favored over cell growth in Alcaligenes ammonioxydans HO-1 to deal with the toxicity of ammonium. Biotechnol Bioeng 2024; 121:980-990. [PMID: 38088435 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Bacteria capable of direct ammonia oxidation (Dirammox) play important roles in global nitrogen cycling and nutrient removal from wastewater. Dirammox process, NH3 → NH2 OH → N2 , first defined in Alcaligenes ammonioxydans HO-1 and encoded by dnf gene cluster, has been found to widely exist in aquatic environments. However, because of multidrug resistance in Alcaligenes species, the key genes involved in the Dirammox pathway and the interaction between Dirammox process and the physiological state of Alcaligenes species remain unclear. In this work, ammonia removal via the redistribution of nitrogen between Dirammox and microbial growth in A. ammonioxydans HO-1, a model organism of Alcaligenes species, was investigated. The dnfA, dnfB, dnfC, and dnfR genes were found to play important roles in the Dirammox process in A. ammonioxydans HO-1, while dnfH, dnfG, and dnfD were not essential genes. Furthermore, an unexpected redistribution phenomenon for nitrogen between Dirammox and cell growth for ammonia removal in HO-1 was revealed. After the disruption of the Dirammox in HO-1, more consumed NH4 + was recovered as biomass-N via rapid metabolic response and upregulated expression of genes associated with ammonia transport and assimilation, tricarboxylic acid cycle, sulfur metabolism, ribosome synthesis, and other molecular functions. These findings deepen our understanding of the molecular mechanisms for Dirammox process in the genus Alcaligenes and provide useful information about the application of Alcaligenes species for ammonia-rich wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Lu Lv
- School of Life Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Di Min
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Zhou-Hua Cheng
- School of Life Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Jia-Xin Zhang
- School of Life Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Wen-Wei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Yang Mu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Shuang-Jiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, and Environmental Microbiology Research Center at Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dong-Feng Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
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15
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Das S, Konwar BK. Inhibiting pathogenicity of vaginal Candida albicans by lactic acid bacteria and MS analysis of their extracellular compounds. APMIS 2024; 132:161-186. [PMID: 38168754 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Maintaining healthy vaginal microflora post-puberty is critical. In this study we explore the potential of vaginal lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and their extracellular metabolites against the pathogenicity of Candida albicans. The probiotic culture free supernatant (PCFS) from Lactobacillus crispatus, L. gasseri, and L. vaginalis exhibit an inhibitory effect on budding, hyphae, and biofilm formation of C. albicans. LGPCFS manifested the best potential among the LAB PCFS, inhibiting budding for 24 h and restricting hyphae formation post-stimulation. LGPCFS also pre-eminently inhibited biofilm formation. Furthermore, L. gasseri itself grew under RPMI 1640 stimulation suppressing the biofilm formation of C. albicans. The PCFS from the LAB downregulated the hyphal genes of C. albicans, inhibiting the yeast transformation to fungi. Hyphal cell wall proteins HWP1, ALS3, ECE1, and HYR1 and transcription factors BCR1 and CPH1 were downregulated by the metabolites from LAB. Finally, the extracellular metabolome of the LAB was studied by LC-MS/MS analysis. L.gasseri produced the highest antifungal compounds and antibiotics, supporting its best activity against C. albicans. Vaginal LAB and their extracellular metabolites perpetuate C. albicans at an avirulent state. The metabolites produced by these LAB in vitro have been identified, and can be further exploited as a preventive measure against vaginal candidiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreaya Das
- Department of MBBT, Tezpur University, Napaam, Assam, India
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16
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Sprague JL, Schille TB, Allert S, Trümper V, Lier A, Großmann P, Priest EL, Tsavou A, Panagiotou G, Naglik JR, Wilson D, Schäuble S, Kasper L, Hube B. Candida albicans translocation through the intestinal epithelial barrier is promoted by fungal zinc acquisition and limited by NFκB-mediated barrier protection. PLoS Pathog 2024; 20:e1012031. [PMID: 38427950 PMCID: PMC10907035 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1012031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The opportunistic fungal pathogen Candida albicans thrives on human mucosal surfaces as a harmless commensal, but frequently causes infections under certain predisposing conditions. Translocation across the intestinal barrier into the bloodstream by intestine-colonizing C. albicans cells serves as the main source of disseminated candidiasis. However, the host and microbial mechanisms behind this process remain unclear. In this study we identified fungal and host factors specifically involved in infection of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) using dual-RNA sequencing. Our data suggest that host-cell damage mediated by the peptide toxin candidalysin-encoding gene ECE1 facilitates fungal zinc acquisition. This in turn is crucial for the full virulence potential of C. albicans during infection. IECs in turn exhibit a filamentation- and damage-specific response to C. albicans infection, including NFκB, MAPK, and TNF signaling. NFκB activation by IECs limits candidalysin-mediated host-cell damage and mediates maintenance of the intestinal barrier and cell-cell junctions to further restrict fungal translocation. This is the first study to show that candidalysin-mediated damage is necessary for C. albicans nutrient acquisition during infection and to explain how IECs counteract damage and limit fungal translocation via NFκB-mediated maintenance of the intestinal barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob L. Sprague
- Department of Microbial Pathogenicity Mechanisms, Hans-Knöll-Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Tim B. Schille
- Department of Microbial Pathogenicity Mechanisms, Hans-Knöll-Institute, Jena, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence Balance of the Microverse, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Stefanie Allert
- Department of Microbial Pathogenicity Mechanisms, Hans-Knöll-Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Verena Trümper
- Department of Microbial Pathogenicity Mechanisms, Hans-Knöll-Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Adrian Lier
- Department of Microbial Pathogenicity Mechanisms, Hans-Knöll-Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Peter Großmann
- Department of Microbiome Dynamics, Hans-Knöll-Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Emily L. Priest
- Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Antzela Tsavou
- Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gianni Panagiotou
- Cluster of Excellence Balance of the Microverse, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
- Department of Microbiome Dynamics, Hans-Knöll-Institute, Jena, Germany
- Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Julian R. Naglik
- Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Duncan Wilson
- Medical Research Council, Centre for Medical Mycology at the University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Sascha Schäuble
- Department of Microbiome Dynamics, Hans-Knöll-Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Lydia Kasper
- Department of Microbial Pathogenicity Mechanisms, Hans-Knöll-Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Bernhard Hube
- Department of Microbial Pathogenicity Mechanisms, Hans-Knöll-Institute, Jena, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence Balance of the Microverse, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
- Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
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17
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Ansari A, You YA, Lee G, Kim SM, Park SW, Hur YM, Kim YJ. Dysbiotic Vaginal Microbiota Induces Preterm Birth Cascade via Pathogenic Molecules in the Vagina. Metabolites 2024; 14:45. [PMID: 38248848 PMCID: PMC10821287 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14010045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Dysbiotic vaginal microbiota (DVM) disturb the vaginal environment, including pH, metabolite, protein, and cytokine profiles. This study investigated the impact of DVM on the vaginal environment in 40 Korean pregnant women and identified predictable biomarkers of birth outcomes. Cervicovaginal fluid (CVF) samples were collected in the third trimester using vaginal swabs, examined for pH, and stored at -80 °C for further analysis. The samples were grouped as full-term (FTB, n = 20) and preterm (PTB, n = 20) births. The microbiota was profiled in the V1-V9 regions. The levels of targeted metabolites, TLR-4, and cytokines were determined. The pH of CVF from PTB (>4.5) was significantly higher than that of the CVF from FTB (>3.5) (p < 0.05). Neonatal gestational age at delivery, birth weight, and Apgar score differed significantly between groups. The relative abundances of beneficial Lactobacillus spp., such as Lactobacillus gasseri, Lactobacillus jensenii, and Bifidobacterium, were higher in FTB, whereas those of pathogenic Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus, Prevotella, Ureaplasma parvum, and Corynebacterium spp. were higher in PTB. Acetate, methanol, TLR-4, and TNF-α levels were negatively correlated with gestational age at delivery and birth weight. Moreover, ethanol, methanol, TLR-4, IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α levels were positively correlated with succinate, acetate, acetoacetate, formate, and ammonia. Overall, DVM induces preterm birth via pathogenic molecules in the vagina.
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Affiliation(s)
- AbuZar Ansari
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Ewha Medical Research Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea; (Y.-A.Y.); (G.L.); (S.M.K.); (S.W.P.); (Y.M.H.)
- Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07984, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ah You
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Ewha Medical Research Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea; (Y.-A.Y.); (G.L.); (S.M.K.); (S.W.P.); (Y.M.H.)
| | - Gain Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Ewha Medical Research Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea; (Y.-A.Y.); (G.L.); (S.M.K.); (S.W.P.); (Y.M.H.)
- Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07984, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Min Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Ewha Medical Research Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea; (Y.-A.Y.); (G.L.); (S.M.K.); (S.W.P.); (Y.M.H.)
- Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07984, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Wha Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Ewha Medical Research Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea; (Y.-A.Y.); (G.L.); (S.M.K.); (S.W.P.); (Y.M.H.)
| | - Young Min Hur
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Ewha Medical Research Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea; (Y.-A.Y.); (G.L.); (S.M.K.); (S.W.P.); (Y.M.H.)
| | - Young Ju Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Ewha Medical Research Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea; (Y.-A.Y.); (G.L.); (S.M.K.); (S.W.P.); (Y.M.H.)
- Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07984, Republic of Korea
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18
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Delavy M, Sertour N, d'Enfert C, Bougnoux ME. Metagenomics and metabolomics approaches in the study of Candida albicans colonization of host niches: a framework for finding microbiome-based antifungal strategies. Trends Microbiol 2023; 31:1276-1286. [PMID: 37652786 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2023.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
In silico and experimental approaches have allowed an ever-growing understanding of the interactions within the microbiota. For instance, recently acquired data have increased knowledge of the mechanisms that support, in the gut and vaginal microbiota, the resistance to colonization by Candida albicans, an opportunistic fungal pathogen whose overgrowth can initiate severe infections in immunocompromised patients. Here, we review how bacteria from the microbiota interact with C. albicans. We show how recent OMICs-based pipelines, using metagenomics and/or metabolomics, have identified bacterial species and metabolites modulating C. albicans growth. We finally discuss how the combined use of cutting-edge OMICs-based and experimental approaches could provide new means to control C. albicans overgrowth within the microbiota and prevent its consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margot Delavy
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INRAE USC2019, Unité Biologie et Pathogénicité Fongiques, Paris, France
| | - Natacha Sertour
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INRAE USC2019, Unité Biologie et Pathogénicité Fongiques, Paris, France
| | - Christophe d'Enfert
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INRAE USC2019, Unité Biologie et Pathogénicité Fongiques, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Elisabeth Bougnoux
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INRAE USC2019, Unité Biologie et Pathogénicité Fongiques, Paris, France; Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Hôpital Necker-Enfants-Malades, Unité de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Service de Microbiologie Clinique, Paris, France.
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19
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Eichelberger KR, Paul S, Peters BM, Cassat JE. Candida-bacterial cross-kingdom interactions. Trends Microbiol 2023; 31:1287-1299. [PMID: 37640601 PMCID: PMC10843858 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2023.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
While the fungus Candida albicans is a common colonizer of healthy humans, it is also responsible for mucosal infections and severe invasive disease. Understanding the mechanisms that allow C. albicans to exist as both a benign commensal and as an invasive pathogen have been the focus of numerous studies, and recent findings indicate an important role for cross-kingdom interactions on C. albicans biology. This review highlights how C. albicans-bacteria interactions influence healthy polymicrobial community structure, host immune responses, microbial pathogenesis, and how dysbiosis may lead to C. albicans infection. Finally, we discuss how cross-kingdom interactions represent an opportunity to identify new antivirulence compounds that target fungal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kara R Eichelberger
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
| | - Saikat Paul
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Translational Science, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Brian M Peters
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Translational Science, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA; Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - James E Cassat
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology, and Inflammation (VI4), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
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20
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Delavy M, Sertour N, Patin E, Le Chatelier E, Cole N, Dubois F, Xie Z, Saint-André V, Manichanh C, Walker AW, Quintana-Murci L, Duffy D, d’Enfert C, Bougnoux ME, Consortium MI. Unveiling Candida albicans intestinal carriage in healthy volunteers: the role of micro- and mycobiota, diet, host genetics and immune response. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2287618. [PMID: 38017705 PMCID: PMC10732203 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2287618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans is a commensal yeast present in the gut of most healthy individuals but with highly variable concentrations. However, little is known about the host factors that influence colonization densities. We investigated how microbiota, host lifestyle factors, and genetics could shape C. albicans intestinal carriage in 695 healthy individuals from the Milieu Intérieur cohort. C. albicans intestinal carriage was detected in 82.9% of the subjects using quantitative PCR. Using linear mixed models and multiway-ANOVA, we explored C. albicans intestinal levels with regard to gut microbiota composition and lifestyle factors including diet. By analyzing shotgun metagenomics data and C. albicans qPCR data, we showed that Intestinimonas butyriciproducens was the only gut microbiota species whose relative abundance was negatively correlated with C. albicans concentration. Diet is also linked to C. albicans growth, with eating between meals and a low-sodium diet being associated with higher C. albicans levels. Furthermore, by Genome-Wide Association Study, we identified 26 single nucleotide polymorphisms suggestively associated with C. albicans colonization. In addition, we found that the intestinal levels of C. albicans might influence the host immune response, specifically in response to fungal challenge. We analyzed the transcriptional levels of 546 immune genes and the concentration of 13 cytokines after whole blood stimulation with C. albicans cells and showed positive associations between the extent of C. albicans intestinal levels and NLRP3 expression, as well as secreted IL-2 and CXCL5 concentrations. Taken together, these findings open the way for potential new interventional strategies to curb C. albicans intestinal overgrowth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margot Delavy
- Unité Biologie et Pathogénicité Fongiques, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité INRAE, Paris, France
| | - Natacha Sertour
- Unité Biologie et Pathogénicité Fongiques, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité INRAE, Paris, France
| | - Etienne Patin
- Human Evolutionary Genetics Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR2000, Paris, France
| | | | - Nathaniel Cole
- The Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Florian Dubois
- Translational Immunology Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CBUTechS, Paris, France
| | - Zixuan Xie
- Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d’Hebron Hospital Universitari, Vall d’Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Gut Microbiome Group, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Violaine Saint-André
- Translational Immunology Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics HUB, Department of Computational Biology, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Chaysavanh Manichanh
- Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d’Hebron Hospital Universitari, Vall d’Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Gut Microbiome Group, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alan W. Walker
- The Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Lluis Quintana-Murci
- Human Evolutionary Genetics Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR2000, Paris, France
| | - Darragh Duffy
- Translational Immunology Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CBUTechS, Paris, France
| | - Christophe d’Enfert
- Unité Biologie et Pathogénicité Fongiques, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité INRAE, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Elisabeth Bougnoux
- Unité Biologie et Pathogénicité Fongiques, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité INRAE, Paris, France
- APHP, Hôpital Necker-Enfants-Malades, Service de Microbiologie Clinique, Unité de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Paris, France
| | - Milieu Intérieur Consortium
- Unité Biologie et Pathogénicité Fongiques, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité INRAE, Paris, France
- Human Evolutionary Genetics Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR2000, Paris, France
- MGP MetaGénoPolis, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
- The Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
- Translational Immunology Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CBUTechS, Paris, France
- Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d’Hebron Hospital Universitari, Vall d’Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Gut Microbiome Group, Barcelona, Spain
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics HUB, Department of Computational Biology, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- APHP, Hôpital Necker-Enfants-Malades, Service de Microbiologie Clinique, Unité de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Paris, France
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21
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Prisnee TL, Rahman R, Fouhse JM, Van Kessel AG, Brook RK, Willing BP. Tracking the fecal mycobiome through the lifespan of production pigs and a comparison to the feral pig. Appl Environ Microbiol 2023; 89:e0097723. [PMID: 37902410 PMCID: PMC10686082 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00977-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE This work provides evidence that early-life fungal community composition, or host genetics, influences long-term mycobiome composition. In addition, this work provides the first comparison of the feral pig mycobiome to the mycobiome of intensively raised pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tausha L. Prisnee
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Rajibur Rahman
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Janelle M. Fouhse
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Andrew G. Van Kessel
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Ryan K. Brook
- College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Benjamin P. Willing
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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22
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Ost KS, Round JL. Commensal fungi in intestinal health and disease. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 20:723-734. [PMID: 37479823 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-023-00816-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
The microbiota is known to influence several facets of mammalian development, digestion and disease. Most studies of the microbiota have focused on the bacterial component, but the importance of commensal fungi in health and disease is becoming increasingly clear. Although fungi account for a smaller proportion of the microbiota than bacteria by number, they are much larger and therefore account for a substantial proportion of the biomass. Moreover, as fungi are eukaryotes, their metabolic pathways are complex and unique. In this Review, we discuss the evidence for involvement of specific members of the mycobiota in intestinal diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease, colorectal cancer and pancreatic cancer. We also highlight the importance of fungal interactions with intestinal bacteria and with the immune system. Although most studies of commensal fungi have focused on their role in disease, we also consider the beneficial effects of fungal colonies in the gut. The evidence highlights potential opportunities to target fungi and their interactions for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyla S Ost
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.
| | - June L Round
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
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23
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Arastehfar A, Daneshnia F, Hovhannisyan H, Fuentes D, Cabrera N, Quinteros C, Ilkit M, Ünal N, Hilmioğlu-Polat S, Jabeen K, Zaka S, Desai JV, Lass-Flörl C, Shor E, Gabaldon T, Perlin DS. Overlooked Candida glabrata petites are echinocandin tolerant, induce host inflammatory responses, and display poor in vivo fitness. mBio 2023; 14:e0118023. [PMID: 37772846 PMCID: PMC10653939 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01180-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Candida glabrata is a major fungal pathogen, which is able to lose mitochondria and form small and slow-growing colonies, called "petite." This attenuated growth rate has created controversies and questioned the clinical importance of petiteness. Herein, we have employed multiple omics technologies and in vivo mouse models to critically assess the clinical importance of petite phenotype. Our WGS identifies multiple genes potentially underpinning petite phenotype. Interestingly, petite C. glabrata cells engulfed by macrophages are dormant and, therefore, are not killed by the frontline antifungal drugs. Interestingly, macrophages infected with petite cells mount distinct transcriptomic responses. Consistent with our ex vivo observations, mitochondrial-proficient parental strains outcompete petites during systemic and gut colonization. Retrospective examination of C. glabrata isolates identified petite prevalence a rare entity, which can significantly vary from country to country. Collectively, our study overcomes the existing controversies and provides novel insights regarding the clinical relevance of petite C. glabrata isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Arastehfar
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, New Jersey, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Farnaz Daneshnia
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, New Jersey, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hrant Hovhannisyan
- Life Sciences Programme, Supercomputing Center (BSC-CNS), Barcelona, Spain
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Diego Fuentes
- Life Sciences Programme, Supercomputing Center (BSC-CNS), Barcelona, Spain
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nathaly Cabrera
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Macit Ilkit
- Division of Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Çukurova, Adana, Turkey
| | - Nevzat Ünal
- Division of Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Çukurova, Adana, Turkey
| | | | - Kauser Jabeen
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Sadaf Zaka
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Jigar V. Desai
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, New Jersey, USA
| | | | - Erika Shor
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, New Jersey, USA
- Department of Medical Sciences, Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Nutley, New Jersey, USA
| | - Toni Gabaldon
- Life Sciences Programme, Supercomputing Center (BSC-CNS), Barcelona, Spain
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - David S. Perlin
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, New Jersey, USA
- Department of Medical Sciences, Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Nutley, New Jersey, USA
- Georgetown University Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC, USA
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24
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Kabir AR, Chaudhary AA, Aladwani MO, Podder S. Decoding the host-pathogen interspecies molecular crosstalk during oral candidiasis in humans: an in silico analysis. Front Genet 2023; 14:1245445. [PMID: 37900175 PMCID: PMC10603195 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1245445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The objective of this study is to investigate the interaction between Candida albicans and human proteins during oral candidiasis, with the aim of identifying pathways through which the pathogen subverts host cells. Methods: A comprehensive list of interactions between human proteins and C. albicans was obtained from the Human Protein Interaction Database using specific screening criteria. Then, the genes that exhibit differential expression during oral candidiasis in C. albicans were mapped with the list of human-Candida interactions to identify the corresponding host proteins. The identified host proteins were further compared with proteins specific to the tongue, resulting in a final list of 99 host proteins implicated in oral candidiasis. The interactions between host proteins and C. albicans proteins were analyzed using the STRING database, enabling the construction of protein-protein interaction networks. Similarly, the gene regulatory network of Candida proteins was reconstructed using data from the PathoYeastract and STRING databases. Core module proteins within the targeted host protein-protein interaction network were identified using ModuLand, a Cytoscape plugin. The expression levels of the core module proteins under diseased conditions were assessed using data from the GSE169278 dataset. To gain insights into the functional characteristics of both host and pathogen proteins, ontology analysis was conducted using Enrichr and YeastEnrichr, respectively. Result: The analysis revealed that three Candida proteins, HHT21, CYP5, and KAR2, interact with three core host proteins, namely, ING4 (in the DNMT1 module), SGTA, and TOR1A. These interactions potentially impair the immediate immune response of the host against the pathogen. Additionally, differential expression analysis of fungal proteins and their transcription factors in Candida-infected oral cell lines indicated that Rob1p, Tye7p, and Ume6p could be considered candidate transcription factors involved in instigating the pathogenesis of oral candidiasis during host infection. Conclusion: Our study provides a molecular map of the host-pathogen interaction during oral candidiasis, along with potential targets for designing regimens to overcome oral candidiasis, particularly in immunocompromised individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Rejwan Kabir
- Computational and System Biology Lab, Department of Microbiology, Raiganj University, Raiganj, West Bengal, India
| | - Anis Ahmad Chaudhary
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Malak O Aladwani
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soumita Podder
- Computational and System Biology Lab, Department of Microbiology, Raiganj University, Raiganj, West Bengal, India
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25
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Parizadeh M, Arrieta MC. The global human gut microbiome: genes, lifestyles, and diet. Trends Mol Med 2023; 29:789-801. [PMID: 37516570 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2023.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
A growing number of human gut microbiome studies consistently describe differences between human populations. Here, we review how factors related to host genetics, ethnicity, lifestyle, and geographic location help explain this variation. Studies from contrasting environmental scenarios point to diet and lifestyle as the most influential. The effect of human migration and displacement demonstrates how the microbiome adapts to newly adopted lifestyles and contributes to the profound biological and health consequences attributed to migration. This information strongly suggests against a universal scale for healthy or dysbiotic gut microbiomes, and prompts for additional microbiome population surveys, particularly from less industrialized nations. Considering these important differences will be critical for designing strategies to diagnose and restore dysbiosis in various human populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Parizadeh
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; International Microbiome Center, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Marie-Claire Arrieta
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; International Microbiome Center, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
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26
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Li XH, Luo MM, Wang ZX, Wang Q, Xu B. The role of fungi in the diagnosis of colorectal cancer. Mycology 2023; 15:17-29. [PMID: 38558845 PMCID: PMC10977015 DOI: 10.1080/21501203.2023.2249492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a prevalent tumour with high morbidity rates worldwide, and its incidence among younger populations is rising. Early diagnosis of CRC can help control the associated mortality. Fungi are common microorganisms in nature. Recent studies have shown that fungi may have a similar association with tumours as bacteria do. As an increasing number of tumour-associated fungi are discovered, this provides new ideas for the diagnosis and prognosis of tumours. The relationship between fungi and colorectal tumours has also been recently identified by scientists. Therefore, this paper describes the limitations and prospects of the application of fungi in diagnosing CRC and predicting CRC prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Huan Li
- Department of General Practice, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ming-Ming Luo
- Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - Zu-Xiu Wang
- Department of General Practice, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Health Statistics, School of PubliHealth and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Bin Xu
- Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
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Rebai Y, Wagner L, Gnaien M, Hammer ML, Kapitan M, Niemiec MJ, Mami W, Mosbah A, Messadi E, Mardassi H, Vylkova S, Jacobsen ID, Znaidi S. Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 Antagonizes Candida albicans Growth and Protects Intestinal Cells from C. albicans-Mediated Damage. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1929. [PMID: 37630490 PMCID: PMC10457924 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11081929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans is a pathobiont of the gastrointestinal tract. It can contribute to the diversity of the gut microbiome without causing harmful effects. When the immune system is compromised, C. albicans can damage intestinal cells and cause invasive disease. We hypothesize that a therapeutic approach against C. albicans infections can rely on the antimicrobial properties of probiotic bacteria. We investigated the impact of the probiotic strain Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) on C. albicans growth and its ability to cause damage to intestinal cells. In co-culture kinetic assays, C. albicans abundance gradually decreased over time compared with C. albicans abundance in the absence of EcN. Quantification of C. albicans survival suggests that EcN exerts a fungicidal activity. Cell-free supernatants (CFS) collected from C. albicans-EcN co-culture mildly altered C. albicans growth, suggesting the involvement of an EcN-released compound. Using a model of co-culture in the presence of human intestinal epithelial cells, we further show that EcN prevents C. albicans from damaging enterocytes both distantly and through direct contact. Consistently, both C. albicans's filamentous growth and microcolony formation were altered by EcN. Taken together, our study proposes that probiotic-strain EcN can be exploited for future therapeutic approaches against C. albicans infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmine Rebai
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Moléculaire, Vaccinologie et Développement Biotechnologique (LR16IPT01), Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1068, Tunisia; (Y.R.)
| | - Lysett Wagner
- Septomics Research Center, Friedrich Schiller University, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology—Hans Knöll Institute, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Mayssa Gnaien
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Moléculaire, Vaccinologie et Développement Biotechnologique (LR16IPT01), Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1068, Tunisia; (Y.R.)
| | - Merle L. Hammer
- Septomics Research Center, Friedrich Schiller University, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology—Hans Knöll Institute, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Mario Kapitan
- Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology—Hans Knöll Institute, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Center for Sepsis Control and Care, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Maria Joanna Niemiec
- Septomics Research Center, Friedrich Schiller University, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology—Hans Knöll Institute, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Wael Mami
- Plateforme de Physiologie et Physiopathologie Cardiovasculaires (P2C), Laboratoire des Biomolécules, Venins et Applications Théranostiques (LR20IPT01), Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1068, Tunisia
| | - Amor Mosbah
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bio-Geo Resources Valorization (LR11ES31), Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Sidi Thabet (ISBST), University of Manouba, Tunis 2010, Tunisia
| | - Erij Messadi
- Plateforme de Physiologie et Physiopathologie Cardiovasculaires (P2C), Laboratoire des Biomolécules, Venins et Applications Théranostiques (LR20IPT01), Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1068, Tunisia
| | - Helmi Mardassi
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Moléculaire, Vaccinologie et Développement Biotechnologique (LR16IPT01), Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1068, Tunisia; (Y.R.)
| | - Slavena Vylkova
- Septomics Research Center, Friedrich Schiller University, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology—Hans Knöll Institute, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Ilse D. Jacobsen
- Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology—Hans Knöll Institute, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Center for Sepsis Control and Care, 07747 Jena, Germany
- Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Sadri Znaidi
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Moléculaire, Vaccinologie et Développement Biotechnologique (LR16IPT01), Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1068, Tunisia; (Y.R.)
- Institut Pasteur, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Département Mycologie, Unité Biologie et Pathogénicité Fongiques, 75015 Paris, France
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Chen HT, Li JS, Li J, Li L, Xu ZC, Zhang Y, Wang RR. Lactobacillus murinus: A key factor in suppression of enterogenous Candida albicans infections in Compound Agrimony enteritis capsules-treated mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 311:116361. [PMID: 36963475 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Compound Agrimony (FuFangXianHeCao, FFXHC) Enteritis Capsules is an ethnomedicine that is derived from Yi Nationality Herbal Medicine for enteritis treatment. We found that FFXHC reduced the mortality outcomes in enterogenic Candida albicans infected mice models and increased the abundance of Lactobacillus murinus in the intestines. Lactobacillus murinus exhibited comparable therapeutic effects to those of FFXHC in enterogenic Candida albicans infected mice. This study provides novel perspectives into the pharmacological mechanisms of FFXHC. AIM OF THE STUDY We investigated the mechanisms via which FFXHC inhibits C. albicans infections and its effects on L. murinus. MATERIALS AND METHODS Enterogenous C. albicans infection mice models were established and various parameters, including survival rate, weight change, number of colonies, treatment effects on intestinal mucosa, microecology, and immune cytokines evaluated. Susceptibility of C. albicans to L. murinus was evaluated in vitro. RESULTS Treatment with FFXHC reduced the number of colonies, improved the health status, enhanced the survival rates, increased the abundance of L. murinus, reduced damage to the intestinal mucosa, and elevated occludin as well as claudin-1 levels. Interestingly, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-10, IL-22, and IL-17A levels were increased while IL-1β levels were suppressed in the intestinal mucosa without any change in peripheral blood cytokine levels. Moreover, FFXHC promoted L. murinus proliferation. This study also confirmed the incubation-dependent anti-C. albicans effects exerted by the metabolic supernatants of L. murinus. CONCLUSIONS FFXHC effectively alleviated intestinal infections of C. albicans in mice and increased the abundance of L. murinus. Supplementation of L. murinus in food can achieve the effects that are comparable to those of FFXHC. Thus, L. murinus maybe essential in FFXHC-based treatment of intestinal C. albicans infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ting Chen
- Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Jia-Sheng Li
- Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Jun Li
- Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500, China; Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine of Panzhihua, Panzhihua, 617099, China
| | - Li Li
- Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Zhi-Chang Xu
- Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Rui-Rui Wang
- Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500, China.
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Wang F, Wang Z, Tang J. The interactions of Candida albicans with gut bacteria: a new strategy to prevent and treat invasive intestinal candidiasis. Gut Pathog 2023; 15:30. [PMID: 37370138 DOI: 10.1186/s13099-023-00559-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gut microbiota plays an important role in human health, as it can affect host immunity and susceptibility to infectious diseases. Invasive intestinal candidiasis is strongly associated with gut microbiota homeostasis. However, the nature of the interaction between Candida albicans and gut bacteria remains unclear. OBJECTIVE This review aimed to determine the nature of interaction and the effects of gut bacteria on C. albicans so as to comprehend an approach to reducing intestinal invasive infection by C. albicans. METHODS This review examined 11 common gut bacteria's interactions with C. albicans, including Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella spp., Helicobacter pylori, Lactobacillus spp., Bacteroides spp., Clostridium difficile, and Streptococcus spp. RESULTS Most of the studied bacteria demonstrated both synergistic and antagonistic effects with C. albicans, and just a few bacteria such as P. aeruginosa, Salmonella spp., and Lactobacillus spp. demonstrated only antagonism against C. albicans. CONCLUSIONS Based on the nature of interactions reported so far by the literature between gut bacteria and C. albicans, it is expected to provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of invasive intestinal candidiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- Department of Trauma-Emergency & Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, 128 Ruili Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Zetian Wang
- Department of Trauma-Emergency & Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, 128 Ruili Road, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Jianguo Tang
- Department of Trauma-Emergency & Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, 128 Ruili Road, Shanghai, 200240, China.
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Arastehfar A, Daneshnia F, Hovhannisyan H, Fuentes D, Cabrera N, Quintin C, Ilkit M, Ünal N, Hilmioğlu-Polat S, Jabeen K, Zaka S, Desai JV, Lass-Flörl C, Shor E, Gabaldon T, Perlin DS. Overlooked Candida glabrata petites are echinocandin tolerant, induce host inflammatory responses, and display poor in vivo fitness. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.06.15.545195. [PMID: 37398397 PMCID: PMC10312775 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.15.545195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Small colony variants (SCVs) are relatively common among some bacterial species and are associated with poor prognosis and recalcitrant infections. Similarly, Candida glabrata - a major intracellular fungal pathogen - produces small and slow-growing respiratory-deficient colonies, termed "petite." Despite reports of clinical petite C . glabrata strains, our understanding of petite behavior in the host remains obscure. Moreover, controversies exist regarding in-host petite fitness and its clinical relevance. Herein, we employed whole-genome sequencing (WGS), dual-RNAseq, and extensive ex vivo and in vivo studies to fill this knowledge gap. WGS identified multiple petite-specific mutations in nuclear and mitochondrially-encoded genes. Consistent with dual-RNAseq data, petite C . glabrata cells did not replicate inside host macrophages and were outcompeted by their non-petite parents in macrophages and in gut colonization and systemic infection mouse models. The intracellular petites showed hallmarks of drug tolerance and were relatively insensitive to the fungicidal activity of echinocandin drugs. Petite-infected macrophages exhibited a pro-inflammatory and type I IFN-skewed transcriptional program. Interrogation of international C . glabrata blood isolates ( n =1000) showed that petite prevalence varies by country, albeit at an overall low prevalence (0-3.5%). Collectively, our study sheds new light on the genetic basis, drug susceptibility, clinical prevalence, and host-pathogen responses of a clinically overlooked phenotype in a major fungal pathogen. Importance Candida glabrata is a major fungal pathogen, which is able to lose mitochondria and form small and slow-growing colonies, called "petite". This attenuated growth rate has created controversies and questioned the clinical importance of petiteness. Herein, we have employed multiple omicstechnologies and in vivo mouse models to critically assess the clinical importance of petite phenotype. Our WGS identifies multiple genes potentially underpinning petite phenotype. Interestingly, petite C. glabrata cells engulfed by macrophages are dormant and therefore are not killed by the frontline antifungal drugs. Interestingly, macrophages infected with petite cells mount distinct transcriptomic responses. Consistent with our ex-vivo observations, mitochondrial-proficient parental strains outcompete petites during systemic and gut colonization. Retrospective examination of C. glabrata isolates identified petite prevalence a rare entity, can significantly vary from country to country. Collectively, our study overcomes the existing controversies and provides novel insights regarding the clinical relevance of petite C. glabrata isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Arastehfar
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114 USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Farnaz Daneshnia
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114 USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam1012 WX, The Netherlands
| | - Hrant Hovhannisyan
- Life Sciences Programme, Supercomputing Center (BSC-CNS), Barcelona, Spain
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Diego Fuentes
- Life Sciences Programme, Supercomputing Center (BSC-CNS), Barcelona, Spain
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nathaly Cabrera
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | | | - Macit Ilkit
- Division of Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Çukurova, Adana, Turkey
| | - Nevzat Ünal
- Division of Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Çukurova, Adana, Turkey
| | | | - Kauser Jabeen
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Sadaf Zaka
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Jigar V. Desai
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| | | | - Erika Shor
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
- Department of Medical Sciences, Hackensack School of Medicine, Nutley, New Jersey, USA
| | - Toni Gabaldon
- Life Sciences Programme, Supercomputing Center (BSC-CNS), Barcelona, Spain
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies, Barcelona Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - David S. Perlin
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
- Department of Medical Sciences, Hackensack School of Medicine, Nutley, New Jersey, USA
- Georgetown University Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington DC 20057, USA
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Wei G, Liu Q, Wang X, Zhou Z, Zhao X, Zhou W, Liu W, Zhang Y, Liu S, Zhu C, Wei H. A probiotic nanozyme hydrogel regulates vaginal microenvironment for Candida vaginitis therapy. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadg0949. [PMID: 37196095 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adg0949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Molecular therapeutics are limited for Candida vaginitis because they damage normal cells and tissues of vagina, aggravating the imbalance of vaginal microbiota and increasing the recurrence. To tackle this limitation, through the combination of peroxidase-like rGO@FeS2 nanozymes [reduced graphene oxide (rGO)] with Lactobacillus-produced lactic acid and H2O2, a responsive hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel rGO@FeS2/Lactobacillus@HA (FeLab) is developed. FeLab has simultaneous anti-Candida albicans and vaginal microbiota-modulating activities. In particular, the hydroxyl radical produced from rGO@FeS2 nanozymes and Lactobacillus kills C. albicans isolated from clinical specimens without affecting Lactobacillus. In mice with Candida vaginitis, FeLab has obvious anti-C. albicans activity but hardly damages vaginal mucosa cells, which is beneficial to vaginal mucosa repair. Moreover, a higher proportion of Firmicutes (especially Lactobacillus) and a decrease in Proteobacteria reshape a healthy vaginal microbiota to reduce the recurrence. These results provide a combined therapeutic of nanozymes and probiotics with translational promise for Candida vaginitis therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gen Wei
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Quanyi Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Zijun Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Xiaozhi Zhao
- Department of Andrology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
| | - Wanqing Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
| | - Wanling Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Yihong Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Shujie Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Chenxin Zhu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Hui Wei
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
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Seelbinder B, Lohinai Z, Vazquez-Uribe R, Brunke S, Chen X, Mirhakkak M, Lopez-Escalera S, Dome B, Megyesfalvi Z, Berta J, Galffy G, Dulka E, Wellejus A, Weiss GJ, Bauer M, Hube B, Sommer MOA, Panagiotou G. Candida expansion in the gut of lung cancer patients associates with an ecological signature that supports growth under dysbiotic conditions. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2673. [PMID: 37160893 PMCID: PMC10169812 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38058-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Candida species overgrowth in the human gut is considered a prerequisite for invasive candidiasis, but our understanding of gut bacteria promoting or restricting this overgrowth is still limited. By integrating cross-sectional mycobiome and shotgun metagenomics data from the stool of 75 male and female cancer patients at risk but without systemic candidiasis, bacterial communities in high Candida samples display higher metabolic flexibility yet lower contributional diversity than those in low Candida samples. We develop machine learning models that use only bacterial taxa or functional relative abundances to predict the levels of Candida genus and species in an external validation cohort with an AUC of 78.6-81.1%. We propose a mechanism for intestinal Candida overgrowth based on an increase in lactate-producing bacteria, which coincides with a decrease in bacteria that regulate short chain fatty acid and oxygen levels. Under these conditions, the ability of Candida to harness lactate as a nutrient source may enable Candida to outcompete other fungi in the gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastian Seelbinder
- Microbiome Dynamics, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology- Hans Knöll Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Zoltan Lohinai
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
- Translational Medicine Institute, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ruben Vazquez-Uribe
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Sascha Brunke
- Microbial Pathogenicity Mechanisms, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans Knöll Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Xiuqiang Chen
- Microbiome Dynamics, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology- Hans Knöll Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Mohammad Mirhakkak
- Microbiome Dynamics, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology- Hans Knöll Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Silvia Lopez-Escalera
- Chr. Hansen A/S, Human Health Innovation, Hoersholm, Denmark
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Balazs Dome
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Institute of Oncology-Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Megyesfalvi
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Institute of Oncology-Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Judit Berta
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Edit Dulka
- County Hospital of Torokbalint, Torokbalint, Hungary
| | - Anja Wellejus
- Chr. Hansen A/S, Human Health Innovation, Hoersholm, Denmark
| | - Glen J Weiss
- Department of Medicine, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Michael Bauer
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Bernhard Hube
- Microbial Pathogenicity Mechanisms, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans Knöll Institute, Jena, Germany
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Morten O A Sommer
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Gianni Panagiotou
- Microbiome Dynamics, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology- Hans Knöll Institute, Jena, Germany.
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany.
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Pedro NA, Fontebasso G, Pinto SN, Alves M, Mira NP. Acetate modulates the inhibitory effect of Lactobacillus gasseri against the pathogenic yeasts Candida albicans and Candida glabrata. MICROBIAL CELL (GRAZ, AUSTRIA) 2023; 10:88-102. [PMID: 37009625 PMCID: PMC10054710 DOI: 10.15698/mic2023.04.795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
The exploration of the interference prompted by commensal bacteria over fungal pathogens is an interesting alternative to develop new therapies. In this work we scrutinized how the presence of the poorly studied vaginal species Lactobacillus gasseri affects relevant pathophysiological traits of Candida albicans and Candida glabrata. L. gasseri was found to form mixed biofilms with C. albicans and C. glabrata resulting in pronounced death of the yeast cells, while bacterial viability was not affected. Reduced viability of the two yeasts was also observed upon co-cultivation with L. gasseri under planktonic conditions. Either in planktonic cultures or in biofilms, the anti-Candida effect of L. gasseri was augmented by acetate in a concentration-dependent manner. During planktonic co-cultivation the two Candida species counteracted the acidification prompted by L. gasseri thus impacting the balance between dissociated and undissociated organic acids. This feature couldn't be phenocopied in single-cultures of L. gasseri resulting in a broth enriched in acetic acid, while in the co-culture the non-toxic acetate prevailed. Altogether the results herein described advance the design of new anti-Candida therapies based on probiotics, in particular, those based on vaginal lactobacilli species, helping to reduce the significant burden that infections caused by Candida have today in human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuno A. Pedro
- iBB, Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico – Department of Bioengineering, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy at Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Gabriela Fontebasso
- iBB, Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico – Department of Bioengineering, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy at Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Sandra N. Pinto
- iBB, Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico – Department of Bioengineering, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy at Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Marta Alves
- CQE-Centro Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Nuno P. Mira
- iBB, Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico – Department of Bioengineering, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy at Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
- * Corresponding Author: Nuno P Mira, Instituto Superior Técnico, Department of Bioengineering, University of Lisbon, Portugal; E-mail:
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Ye Y, Xu X, Mao B, Tang X, Cui S, Zhao J, Zhang Q. Evaluation of heat-inactivated Limosilactobacillus fermentum CCFM1139 and its supernatant for the relief of experimental periodontitis in rats. Food Funct 2023; 14:2847-2856. [PMID: 36880339 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo02938c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease induced by subgingival microbial dysbiosis, characterised by inflammation of the soft tissues of the periodontium and progressive loss of alveolar bone. Limosilactobacillus fermentum CCFM1139 is a probiotic with the potential to relieve periodontitis in vitro and in vivo. Due to the cost of active strain in production applications, we considered the effectiveness of bacterial components and metabolites in alleviating experimental periodontitis. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of heat-inactivated Limosilactobacillus fermentum CCFM1139 and its supernatant in the development of experimental periodontitis through animal experiments. The results showed that active, heat-inactivated Limosilactobacillus fermentum CCFM1139 and its supernatant all significantly reduced IL-1β levels in gingival tissue and serum (p < 0.05). Micro-computed tomography (micro CT) analysis showed that the active and heat-inactivated Limosilactobacillus fermentum CCFM1139 reduced alveolar bone loss in rats with periodontitis by 25.6% and 15.9% respectively (p < 0.05), with no change in percentage of bone volume (p > 0.05). In histomorphometric analysis, active Limosilactobacillus fermentum CCFM1139 showed better results in reducing alveolar bone loss and reducing inflammatory cell recruitment at the second molar. In addition, there was no significant difference in the number of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) positive cells after in all experimental groups (p > 0.05). Therefore, heat-inactivated Limosilactobacillus fermentum CCFM1139 or its supernatant also have the ability to relieve periodontitis, and their alleviating effect may focus on the regulation of inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China.
- State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Dairy Biotechnology, Dairy Research Institute, Bright Dairy & Food Co., Ltd, Shanghai 200436, China
| | - Xianyin Xu
- Department of Stomatology, Wuxi Children's Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214023, P. R. China
| | - Bingyong Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China.
- State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Dairy Biotechnology, Dairy Research Institute, Bright Dairy & Food Co., Ltd, Shanghai 200436, China
| | - Xin Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China.
- State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Dairy Biotechnology, Dairy Research Institute, Bright Dairy & Food Co., Ltd, Shanghai 200436, China
| | - Shumao Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China.
- State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Dairy Biotechnology, Dairy Research Institute, Bright Dairy & Food Co., Ltd, Shanghai 200436, China
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China.
- State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Dairy Biotechnology, Dairy Research Institute, Bright Dairy & Food Co., Ltd, Shanghai 200436, China
| | - Qiuxiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China.
- State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Dairy Biotechnology, Dairy Research Institute, Bright Dairy & Food Co., Ltd, Shanghai 200436, China
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Zangl I, Beyer R, Gattesco A, Labuda R, Pap IJ, Strauss J, Schüller C. Limosilactobacillus fermentum Limits Candida glabrata Growth by Ergosterol Depletion. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0332622. [PMID: 36802215 PMCID: PMC10100998 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03326-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Candida glabrata is a human-associated opportunistic fungal pathogen. It shares its niche with Lactobacillus spp. in the gastrointestinal and vaginal tract. In fact, Lactobacillus species are thought to competitively prevent Candida overgrowth. We investigated the molecular aspects of this antifungal effect by analyzing the interaction of C. glabrata strains with Limosilactobacillus fermentum. From a collection of clinical C. glabrata isolates, we identified strains with different sensitivities to L. fermentum in coculture. We analyzed the variation of their expression pattern to isolate the specific response to L. fermentum. C. glabrata-L. fermentum coculture induced genes associated with ergosterol biosynthesis, weak acid stress, and drug/chemical stress. L. fermentum coculture depleted C. glabrata ergosterol. The reduction of ergosterol was dependent on the Lactobacillus species, even in coculture with different Candida species. We found a similar ergosterol-depleting effect with other lactobacillus strains (Lactobacillus crispatus and Lactobacillus rhamosus) on Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, and Candida krusei. The addition of ergosterol improved C. glabrata growth in the coculture. Blocking ergosterol synthesis with fluconazole increased the susceptibility against L. fermentum, which was again mitigated by the addition of ergosterol. In accordance, a C. glabrata Δerg11 mutant, defective in ergosterol biosynthesis, was highly sensitive to L. fermentum. In conclusion, our analysis indicates an unexpected direct function of ergosterol for C. glabrata proliferation in coculture with L. fermentum. IMPORTANCE The yeast Candida glabrata, an opportunistic fungal pathogen, and the bacterium Limosilactobacillus fermentum both inhabit the human gastrointestinal and vaginal tract. Lactobacillus species, belonging to the healthy human microbiome, are thought to prevent C. glabrata infections. We investigated the antifungal effect of Limosilactobacillus fermentum on C. glabrata strains quantitively in vitro. The interaction between C. glabrata and L. fermentum evokes an upregulation of genes required for the synthesis of ergosterol, a sterol constituent of the fungal plasma membrane. We found a dramatic reduction of ergosterol in C. glabrata when it was exposed to L. fermentum. This effect extended to other Candida species and other Lactobacillus species. Furthermore, fungal growth was efficiently suppressed by a combination of L. fermentum and fluconazole, an antifungal drug which inhibits ergosterol synthesis. Thus, fungal ergosterol is a key metabolite for the suppression of C. glabrata by L. fermentum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Zangl
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Institute of Microbial Genetics, Tulln, Austria
| | - Reinhard Beyer
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Institute of Microbial Genetics, Tulln, Austria
| | - Arianna Gattesco
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Institute of Microbial Genetics, Tulln, Austria
| | - Roman Labuda
- Institute of Food Safety, Food Technology and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Bioactive Microbial Metabolites, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU), Institute of Microbial Genetics, Tulln, Austria
| | - Ildiko-Julia Pap
- University Hospital of St. Pölten, Institute for Hygiene and Microbiology, St. Pölten, Austria
| | - Joseph Strauss
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Institute of Microbial Genetics, Tulln, Austria
- Bioactive Microbial Metabolites, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU), Institute of Microbial Genetics, Tulln, Austria
| | - Christoph Schüller
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Institute of Microbial Genetics, Tulln, Austria
- Core Facility Bioactive Molecules: Screening and Analysis, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
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Sprague JL, Kasper L, Hube B. From intestinal colonization to systemic infections: Candida albicans translocation and dissemination. Gut Microbes 2022; 14:2154548. [PMID: 36503341 PMCID: PMC9746630 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2022.2154548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Candida species are the most prevalent cause of invasive fungal infections, of which Candida albicans is the most common. Translocation across the epithelial barrier into the bloodstream by intestinal-colonizing C. albicans cells serves as the main source for systemic infections. Understanding the fungal mechanisms behind this process will give valuable insights on how to prevent such infections and keep C. albicans in the commensal state in patients with predisposing conditions. This review will focus on recent developments in characterizing fungal translocation mechanisms, compare what we know about enteric bacterial pathogens with C. albicans, and discuss the different proposed hypotheses for how C. albicans enters and disseminates through the bloodstream immediately following translocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob L. Sprague
- Department of Microbial Pathogenicity Mechanisms, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans Knöll Institute, Jena, Germany,Contact: Department of Microbial Pathogenicity Mechanisms, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology – Hans Knöll Institute (HKI), Beutenbergstrasse 11a, 07745Jena, Germany
| | - Lydia Kasper
- Department of Microbial Pathogenicity Mechanisms, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans Knöll Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Bernhard Hube
- Department of Microbial Pathogenicity Mechanisms, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans Knöll Institute, Jena, Germany,Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
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Berberine ameliorates chronic kidney disease through inhibiting the production of gut-derived uremic toxins in the gut microbiota. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 13:1537-1553. [PMID: 37139409 PMCID: PMC10149897 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
At present, clinical interventions for chronic kidney disease are very limited, and most patients rely on dialysis to sustain their lives for a long time. However, studies on the gut-kidney axis have shown that the gut microbiota is a potentially effective target for correcting or controlling chronic kidney disease. This study showed that berberine, a natural drug with low oral availability, significantly ameliorated chronic kidney disease by altering the composition of the gut microbiota and inhibiting the production of gut-derived uremic toxins, including p-cresol. Furthermore, berberine reduced the content of p-cresol sulfate in plasma mainly by lowering the abundance of g_Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 and inhibiting the tyrosine-p-cresol pathway of the intestinal flora. Meanwhile, berberine increased the butyric acid producing bacteria and the butyric acid content in feces, while decreased the renal toxic trimethylamine N-oxide. These findings suggest that berberine may be a therapeutic drug with significant potential to ameliorate chronic kidney disease through the gut-kidney axis.
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