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Ivancevic MR, Wisch JA, Burlingame QC, Rand BP, Loo YL. A General Approach to Activate Second-Scale Room Temperature Photoluminescence in Organic Small Molecules. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2402478. [PMID: 38970534 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202402478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Organic small molecules that exhibit second-scale phosphorescence at room temperature are of interest for potential applications in sensing, anticounterfeiting, and bioimaging. However, such materials systems are uncommon-requiring millisecond to second-scale triplet lifetimes, efficient intersystem crossing, and slow rates of nonradiative recombination. Here, a simple and scalable approach is demonstrated to activate long-lived phosphorescence in a wide variety of molecules by suspending them in rigid polymer hosts and annealing them above the polymer's glass transition temperature. This process produces submicron aggregates of the chromophore, which suppresses intramolecular motion that leads to nonradiative recombination and minimizes triplet-triplet annihilation that quenches phosphorescence in larger aggregates. In some cases, evidence of excimer-mediated intersystem crossing that enhances triplet generation in aggregated chromophores is found. In short, this approach circumvents the current design rules for long-lived phosphors, which will streamline their discovery and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko R Ivancevic
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
| | - Jesse A Wisch
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
| | - Quinn C Burlingame
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
| | - Barry P Rand
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
- Andlinger Center for Energy and the Environment, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
| | - Yueh-Lin Loo
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
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2
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Xu W, Wang B, Liu S, Fang W, Jia Q, Liu J, Bo C, Yan X, Li Y, Chen L. Urea-formaldehyde resin room temperature phosphorescent material with ultra-long afterglow and adjustable phosphorescence performance. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4415. [PMID: 38789444 PMCID: PMC11126683 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48744-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Organic room-temperature phosphorescence materials have attracted extensive attention, but their development is limited by the stability and processibility. Herein, based on the on-line derivatization strategy, we report the urea-formaldehyde room-temperature phosphorescence materials which are constructed by polycondensation of aromatic diamines with urea and formaldehyde. Excitingly, urea-formaldehyde room-temperature phosphorescence materials achieve phosphor lifetime up to 3326 ms. There may be two ways to enhance phosphorescence performance, one is that the polycondensation of aromatic diamine with urea and formaldehyde promotes spin-orbit coupling, and another is that the imidazole derivatives derived from the condensation of aromatic o-diamine with formaldehyde maintains low levels of energy level difference and spin-orbit coupling, thus achieving ultra-long afterglow. Surprisingly, urea-formaldehyde room-temperature phosphorescence materials exhibit tunable phosphorescence emission in electrostatic field. Accordingly, 1,4-phenylenediamine, urea, and formaldehyde are copolymerized and self-assembled into phosphorescence microspheres with different electrostatic potential strengths. By mixing 1 wt% 1,4-phenylenediamine polycondensation microspheres with 1,4-phenylenediamine free microspheres, phosphor lifetime of the composite could be regulated from 27 ms to 123 ms. Moreover, vulcanization process enables precise shaping of urea-formaldehyde room-temperature phosphorescence materials. This work not only demonstrates that urea-formaldehyde room-temperature phosphorescence materials are promising candidates for organic phosphors, but also exhibits the phenomenon of electrostatically regulated phosphorescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wensheng Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Bowei Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, People's Republic of China.
- Zhejiang Institute of Tianjin University, Shaoxing, 312300, PR China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, PR China.
- Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Functional Fine Chemicals, Tianjin, 300350, PR China.
| | - Shuai Liu
- Shaoxing Xingxin New Materials Co., Ltd, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Wangwang Fang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Institute of Tianjin University, Shaoxing, 312300, PR China
- Shaoxing Xingxin New Materials Co., Ltd, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Qinglong Jia
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiayi Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Changchang Bo
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Xilong Yan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Institute of Tianjin University, Shaoxing, 312300, PR China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, PR China
- Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Functional Fine Chemicals, Tianjin, 300350, PR China
| | - Yang Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, PR China
| | - Ligong Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, People's Republic of China.
- Zhejiang Institute of Tianjin University, Shaoxing, 312300, PR China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, PR China.
- Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Functional Fine Chemicals, Tianjin, 300350, PR China.
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3
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Cao Y, Wang D, Zhang Y, Li G, Gao C, Li W, Chen X, Chen X, Sun P, Dong Y, Cai Z, He Z. Multi-Functional Integration of Phosphor, Initiator, and Crosslinker for the Photo-Polymerization of Flexible Phosphorescent Polymer Gels. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202401331. [PMID: 38456641 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202401331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
A general approach to constructing room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials involves the incorporation of a phosphorescent emitter into a rigid host or polymers with high glass transition temperature. However, these materials often suffer from poor processability and suboptimal mechanical properties, limiting their practical applications. In this work, we developed benzothiadiazole-based dialkene (BTD-HEA), a multifunctional phosphorescent emitter with a remarkable yield of intersystem crossing (ΦISC, 99.83 %). Its high triplet exciton generation ability and dialkene structure enable BTD-HEA to act as a photoinitiator and crosslinker, efficiently initiating the polymerization of various monomers within 120 seconds. A range of flexible phosphorescence gels, including hydrogels, organogels, ionogels, and aerogels were fabricated, which exhibit outstanding stretchability and recoverability. Furthermore, the unique fluorescent-phosphorescent colorimetric properties of the gels provide a more sensitive method for the visual determination of the polymerization process. Notably, the phosphorescent emission intensity of the hydrogel can be increased by the formation of ice, allowing for the precise detection of hydrogel freezing. The versatility of this emitter paves the way for fabricating various flexible phosphorescence gels with diverse morphologies using microfluidics, film-shearing, roll coating process, and two/three-dimensional printing, showcasing its potential applications in the fields of bioimaging and bioengineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Cao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Dan Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
- Tangshan Research Institute, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yongfeng Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Gengchen Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Chong Gao
- Tangshan Research Institute, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Wei Li
- Tangshan Research Institute, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xiaoting Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
- Tangshan Research Institute, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xiaofei Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
- Tangshan Research Institute, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Peng Sun
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Sciences, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yuping Dong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhengxu Cai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
- Tangshan Research Institute, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhiyuan He
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
- Tangshan Research Institute, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
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4
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Wang S, Liu J, Feng S, Wu J, Yuan Z, Chen B, Ling Q, Lin Z. Anionic Hydrogen-Bonded Frameworks Showing Tautomerism and Colorful Luminescence for the Ultrasensitive Detection of Acetone. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202400742. [PMID: 38319193 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202400742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Tautomers coexisting in an equilibrium system have significant potential for regulating luminescent properties because of their structural differences. However, separating and stabilizing tautomers at room temperature is a considerable challenge. In this study, it is found that hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) composed of Br- anions can effectively separate and stabilize two proton-transfer tautomers of triarylformamidinium bromide: namely, the nitrogen cation (BA-N) and carbon cation (BA-C). The BA-N crystal consisting of a dense anionic HOF and parallelly aligned organic cations exhibits green thermally activated delayed fluorescence and red room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP). The BA-C crystal contains acetone molecules that induce an antiparallel arrangement of the organic cations to form a loose HOF, producing blue prompt fluorescence and green RTP. Interestingly, switching of the HOFs between BA-N and BA-C can be achieved through the uptake and release of acetone, thereby dynamically adjusting multiple luminescent properties. Consequently, the HOF crystals can be used for the highly sensitive and specific sensing of acetone with a detection limit of 66.74 ppm. This study not only stabilizes tautomeric luminescent materials at room temperature, but also provides a new method for constructing smart HOFs with a sensitive response to a stimulus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaiqi Wang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, China
| | - Shangwei Feng
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, China
| | - Junyan Wu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, China
| | - Zhen Yuan
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, China
| | - Banglin Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, China
| | - Qidan Ling
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, China
| | - Zhenghuan Lin
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, China
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5
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Xu W, Huang G, Yang Z, Deng Z, Zhou C, Li JA, Li MD, Hu T, Tang BZ, Phillips DL. Nucleic-acid-base photofunctional cocrystal for information security and antimicrobial applications. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2561. [PMID: 38519517 PMCID: PMC10959985 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46869-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Cocrystal engineering is an efficient and simple strategy to construct functional materials, especially for the exploitation of novel and multifunctional materials. Herein, we report two kinds of nucleic-acid-base cocrystal systems that imitate the strong hydrogen bond interactions constructed in the form of complementary base pairing. The two cocrystals studied exhibit different colors of phosphorescence from their monomeric counterparts and show the feature of rare high-temperature phosphorescence. Mechanistic studies reveal that the strong hydrogen bond network stabilizes the triplet state and suppresses non-radiative transitions, resulting in phosphorescence even at 425 K. Moreover, the isolation effects of the hydrogen bond network regulate the interactions between the phosphor groups, realizing the manipulation from aggregation to single-molecule phosphorescence. Benefiting from the long-lived triplet state with a high quantum yield, the generation of reactive oxygen species by energy transfer is also available to utilize for some applications such as in photodynamic therapy and broad-spectrum microbicidal effects. In vitro experiments show that the cocrystals efficiently kill bacteria on a tooth surface and significantly help prevent dental caries. This work not only provides deep insight into the relationship of the structure-properties of cocrystal systems, but also facilitates the design of multifunctional cocrystal materials and enriches their potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Xu
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Guanheng Huang
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Zhan Yang
- School of Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518172, Guangdong, China
| | - Ziqi Deng
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Chen Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Department of Chemistry, Shantou University, Shantou, 515031, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian-An Li
- Sustainable Energy and Environment Thrust, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Nansha, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong, China
| | - Ming-De Li
- Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Department of Chemistry, Shantou University, Shantou, 515031, Guangdong, China.
| | - Tao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- School of Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518172, Guangdong, China.
| | - David Lee Phillips
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, 999077, China.
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6
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Chang B, Chen J, Bao J, Sun T, Cheng Z. Molecularly Engineered Room-Temperature Phosphorescence for Biomedical Application: From the Visible toward Second Near-Infrared Window. Chem Rev 2023; 123:13966-14037. [PMID: 37991875 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorescence, characterized by luminescent lifetimes significantly longer than that of biological autofluorescence under ambient environment, is of great value for biomedical applications. Academic evidence of fluorescence imaging indicates that virtually all imaging metrics (sensitivity, resolution, and penetration depths) are improved when progressing into longer wavelength regions, especially the recently reported second near-infrared (NIR-II, 1000-1700 nm) window. Although the emission wavelength of probes does matter, it is not clear whether the guideline of "the longer the wavelength, the better the imaging effect" is still suitable for developing phosphorescent probes. For tissue-specific bioimaging, long-lived probes, even if they emit visible phosphorescence, enable accurate visualization of large deep tissues. For studies dealing with bioimaging of tiny biological architectures or dynamic physiopathological activities, the prerequisite is rigorous planning of long-wavelength phosphorescence, being aware of the cooperative contribution of long wavelengths and long lifetimes for improving the spatiotemporal resolution, penetration depth, and sensitivity of bioimaging. In this Review, emerging molecular engineering methods of room-temperature phosphorescence are discussed through the lens of photophysical mechanisms. We highlight the roles of phosphorescence with emission from visible to NIR-II windows toward bioapplications. To appreciate such advances, challenges and prospects in rapidly growing studies of room-temperature phosphorescence are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baisong Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Jie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Jiasheng Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Taolei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Zhen Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Molecular Imaging Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Drug Discovery, Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Yantai, Shandong 264000, China
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7
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Dai XY, Huo M, Liu Y. Phosphorescence resonance energy transfer from purely organic supramolecular assembly. Nat Rev Chem 2023; 7:854-874. [PMID: 37993737 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-023-00555-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorescence energy transfer systems have been applied in encryption, biomedical imaging and chemical sensing. These systems exhibit ultra-large Stokes shifts, high quantum yields and are colour-tuneable with long-wavelength afterglow fluorescence (particularly in the near-infrared) under ambient conditions. This review discusses triplet-to-singlet PRET or triplet-to-singlet-to-singlet cascaded PRET systems based on macrocyclic or assembly-confined purely organic phosphorescence introducing the critical toles of supramolecular noncovalent interactions in the process. These interactions promote intersystem crossing, restricting the motion of phosphors, minimizing non-radiative decay and organizing donor-acceptor pairs in close proximity. We discuss the applications of these systems and focus on the challenges ahead in facilitating their further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Yin Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Man Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China.
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8
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Gao L, Huang J, Qu L, Chen X, Zhu Y, Li C, Tian Q, Zhao Y, Yang C. Stepwise taming of triplet excitons via multiple confinements in intrinsic polymers for long-lived room-temperature phosphorescence. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7252. [PMID: 37945554 PMCID: PMC10636106 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43133-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymeric materials exhibiting room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) show a promising application potential. However, the conventional ways of preparing such materials are mainly focused on doping, which may suffer from phase separation, poor compatibility, and lack of effective methods to promote intersystem crossing and suppress the nonradiative deactivation rates. Herein, we present an intrinsically polymeric RTP system producing long-lived phosphorescence, high quantum yields and multiple colors by stepwise structural confinement to tame triplet excitons. In this strategy, the performance of the materials is improved in two aspects simultaneously: the phosphorescence lifetime of one polymer (9VA-B) increased more than 4 orders of magnitude, and the maximum phosphorescence quantum yield reached 16.04% in halogen-free polymers. Moreover, crack detection is realized by penetrating steam through the materials exposed to humid surroundings as a special quenching effect, and the information storage is carried out by employing the Morse code and the variations in lifetimes. This study provides a different strategy for constructing intrinsically polymeric RTP materials toward targeted applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Gao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Jiayue Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Lunjun Qu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Xiaohong Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Chen Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Quanchi Tian
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Yanli Zhao
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore.
| | - Chaolong Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China.
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9
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Xu W, Chen Y, Yang R, Fu Y, Zhuang W, Wang Y, Liu Y, Zhang H. "Reaction"-Like Shaping of Self-Delivery Supramolecular Nanodrugs in the Nanoprecipitation Process. ACS NANO 2023; 17:18227-18239. [PMID: 37668306 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c05229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Nanoprecipitation, which is achieved through the diffusion and precipitation of drug molecules in blended solvent and antisolvent phases, is a classic route for constructing nanodrugs (NDs) and previously directed by diffusion-controlled theory. However, the diffusion-controlled mechanism is out of date in the recent preparation of self-delivery supramolecular NDs (SDSNDs), characterized by the construction of drug nanoparticles through supramolecular interactions in the absence of carriers and surfactants. Herein, a "reaction"-like complement, contributed from supramolecular interactions, is proposed for the preparation of naphthoquinone SDSNDs. Different from the diffusion-controlled process, the formation rate of SDSNDs via the "reaction"-like process is almost constant and highly dependent on the supramolecular interaction-determined Gibbs free energy of molecular binding. Thus, the formation rate and drug availability of SDSNDs are greatly improved by engineering the supramolecular interactions, which facilitates the preparation of SDSNDs with expected sizes, components, and therapeutic functions. As a deep understanding of supramolecular-interaction-involved nanoprecipitation, the current "reaction"-like protocol not only provides a theoretical supplement for classic nanoprecipitation but also highlights the potential of nanoprecipitation in shaping self-assembled, coassembled, and metal-ion-associated SDSNDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhe Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Yang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Ruixu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Yiying Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Wanxin Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Yonggang Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Centre, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P. R. China
| | - Yi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
- Optical Functional Theranostics Joint Laboratory of Medicine and Chemistry, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P. R. China
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
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10
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Wu S, Zhang H, Mao Z, Liang Y, Li JA, Hu P, Zhang Q, Liu C, Luo S, Wang Y, Shi G, Xu B. Achieving Stable and Switchable Ultralong Room-Temperature Phosphorescence from Polymer-Based Luminescent Materials with Three-Dimensional Covalent Networks for Light-Manipulated Anticounterfeiting. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:39896-39904. [PMID: 37555378 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c07900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Developing polymer-based organic afterglow materials with switchable ultralong organic phosphorescence (UOP) that are insensitive to moisture remains challenging. Herein, two organic luminogens, BBCC and BBCS, were synthesized by attaching 7H-benzo[c]carbazole (BBC) to benzophenone and diphenyl sulfone. These two emitters were employed as guest molecules and doped into epoxy polymers (EPs), which were constructed by in situ polymerization to achieve polymer materials BBCC-EP and BBCS-EP. It was found that BBCC-EP and BBCS-EP films exhibited significant photoactivated UOP properties. After light irradiation, they could produce a conspicuous organic afterglow with phosphorescence quantum yields and lifetimes up to 5.35% and 1.91 s, respectively. Meanwhile, BBCS-EP also presented photochromic characteristics. Upon thermal annealing, the UOP could be turned off, and the polymer films recovered to their pristine state, showing switchable organic afterglow. In addition, BBCC-EP and BBCS-EP displayed excellent water resistance and still produced obvious UOP after soaking in water for 4 weeks. Inspired by the unique photoactivated UOP and photochromic properties, BBCC and BBCS in the mixtures of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) and 1,3-propanediamine were employed as security inks for light-controlled multilevel anticounterfeiting. This work may provide helpful guidance for developing photostimuli-responsive polymer-based organic afterglow materials, especially those with stable UOP under ambient conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiying Wu
- School of Chemistry; Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Huaqing Zhang
- School of Chemistry; Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhu Mao
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yaohui Liang
- School of Chemistry; Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jian-An Li
- School of Chemistry; Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Pengtao Hu
- School of Chemistry; Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qingqing Zhang
- School of Chemistry; Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Cong Liu
- School of Chemistry; Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Suilian Luo
- School of Chemistry; Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuhai Wang
- School of Chemistry; Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Guang Shi
- School of Chemistry; Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Bingjia Xu
- School of Chemistry; Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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11
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Xiao G, Ma YJ, Fang X, Xu C, Yan D. CO 2-responsive tunable persistent luminescence in a hydrogen-bond organized two-component ionic crystal. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:10113-10116. [PMID: 37530123 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc03265e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
A reversible CO2-responsive luminescent material was constructed by a facile hydrogen-bond self-assembly of a two-component ionic crystal. The modification of CO2 on the ionic crystal not only alternates the green afterglow, but also endows the material with inverse excitation wavelength dependence for multicolor emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guowei Xiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, and Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China.
- College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P. R. China.
| | - Yu-Juan Ma
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, and Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaoyu Fang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, and Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China.
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Changhai Xu
- College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P. R. China.
| | - Dongpeng Yan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, and Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China.
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12
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Yang YD, Chen XL, Liang J, Fang JW, Sessler JL, Gong HY. Time-Dependent Solvent-Driven Solid-State Fluorescence-based Numeric Coding. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 37327391 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c03727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Controllable solid-state transformations can provide a basis for novel functional materials. Herein, we report a series of solid-state systems that can be readily transformed between amorphous, co-crystalline, and mixed crystalline states via grinding or exposure to solvent vapors. The present solid materials were constructed using an all-hydrocarbon macrocycle, cyclo[8](1,3-(4,6-dimethyl)benzene) (D4d-CDMB-8) (host), and neutral aggregation-caused quenching dyes (guests), including 9,10-dibromoanthracene (1), 1,8-naphtholactam (2), diisobutyl perylene-3,9-dicarboxylate (3), 4,4-difluoro-1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene (4), 4,7-di(2-thienyl)-benzo[2,1,3]thiadiazole (5), and 4-imino-3-(pyridin-2-yl)-4H-quinolizine-1-carbonitrile (6). Seven co-crystals and six amorphous materials were obtained via host-guest complexation. Most of these materials displayed turn-on fluorescence emission (up to 20-fold enhancement relative to the corresponding solid-state guests). The interconversion between amorphous, co-crystalline states, and crystalline mixtures could be induced by exposure to solvent vapors or by subjecting to grinding. The transformations could be monitored readily by means of single-crystal and powder X-ray diffraction analyses, as well as solid-state fluorescent emission spectroscopy. The externally induced structural interconversions resulted in time-dependent fluorescence changes. This allowed sets of privileged number array codes to be generated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Dong Yang
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, XinJieKouWai Street, HaiDian District, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 East 24th Street, Stop A5300, Austin, Texas 78712-1224, United States
| | - Xu-Lang Chen
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, XinJieKouWai Street, HaiDian District, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Pollutant Analysis and Reuse Technology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi 435002, P. R. China
| | - Jiaqi Liang
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, XinJieKouWai Street, HaiDian District, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Ji-Wang Fang
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, XinJieKouWai Street, HaiDian District, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Jonathan L Sessler
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 East 24th Street, Stop A5300, Austin, Texas 78712-1224, United States
| | - Han-Yuan Gong
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, XinJieKouWai Street, HaiDian District, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
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