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Trivanović D, Vujačić M, Labella R, Djordjević IO, Ćazić M, Chernak B, Jauković A. Molecular Deconvolution of Bone Marrow Adipose Tissue Interactions with Malignant Hematopoiesis: Potential for New Therapy Development. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2024; 22:367-377. [PMID: 38922359 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-024-00879-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Along with a strong impact on skeletal integrity, bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) is an important modulator of the adult hematopoietic system. This review will summarize the current knowledge on the causal relationship between bone marrow (BM) adipogenesis and the development and progression of hematologic malignancies. RECENT FINDINGS BM adipocytes (BMAds) support a number of processes promoting oncogenesis, including the evolution of clonal hematopoiesis, malignant cell survival, proliferation, angiogenesis, and chemoresistance. In addition, leukemic cells manipulate surrounding BMAds by promoting lipolysis and release of free fatty acids, which are then utilized by leukemic cells via β-oxidation. Therefore, limiting BM adipogenesis, blocking BMAd-derived adipokines, or lipid metabolism obstruction have been considered as potential treatment options for hematological malignancies. Leukemic stem cells rely heavily on BMAds within the structural BM microenvironment for necessary signals which foster disease progression. Further development of 3D constructs resembling BMAT at different skeletal regions are critical to better understand these relationships in geometric space and may provide essential insight into the development of hematologic malignancies within the BM niche. In turn, these mechanisms provide promising potential as novel approaches to targeting the microenvironment with new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Drenka Trivanović
- Group for Hematology and Stem Cells, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Marko Vujačić
- Institute for Orthopedy Banjica, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
- School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Rossella Labella
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Edward P. Evans Center for Myelodysplastic Syndromes, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ivana Okić Djordjević
- Group for Hematology and Stem Cells, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija Ćazić
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital Tiršova, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Brian Chernak
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aleksandra Jauković
- Group for Hematology and Stem Cells, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
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Pendse S, Loeffler D. Decoding Clonal Hematopoiesis: Emerging Themes and Novel Mechanistic Insights. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2634. [PMID: 39123361 PMCID: PMC11311828 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16152634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Clonal hematopoiesis (CH), the relative expansion of mutant clones, is derived from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) with acquired somatic or cytogenetic alterations that improve cellular fitness. Individuals with CH have a higher risk for hematological and non-hematological diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, and have an overall higher mortality rate. Originally thought to be restricted to a small fraction of elderly people, recent advances in single-cell sequencing and bioinformatics have revealed that CH with multiple expanded mutant clones is universal in the elderly population. Just a few years ago, phylogenetic reconstruction across the human lifespan and novel sensitive sequencing techniques showed that CH can start earlier in life, decades before it was thought possible. These studies also suggest that environmental factors acting through aberrant inflammation might be a common theme promoting clonal expansion and disease progression. However, numerous aspects of this phenomenon remain to be elucidated and the precise mechanisms, context-specific drivers, and pathways of clonal expansion remain to be established. Here, we review our current understanding of the cellular mechanisms driving CH and specifically focus on how pro-inflammatory factors affect normal and mutant HSC fates to promote clonal selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalmali Pendse
- Department of Hematology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, The University of Tennessee, Memphis, TN 37996, USA
| | - Dirk Loeffler
- Department of Hematology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, The University of Tennessee, Memphis, TN 37996, USA
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3
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Pasupuleti SK, Kapur R. The impact of obesity-induced inflammation on clonal hematopoiesis. Curr Opin Hematol 2024; 31:193-198. [PMID: 38640133 PMCID: PMC11197996 DOI: 10.1097/moh.0000000000000819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review meticulously delves into existing literature and recent findings to elucidate the intricate link between obesity and clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) associated clonal hematopoiesis. It aims to enhance our comprehension of this multifaceted association, offering insights into potential avenues for future research and therapeutic interventions. RECENT FINDINGS Recent insights reveal that mutations in CHIP-associated genes are not limited to symptomatic patients but are also present in asymptomatic individuals. This section focuses on the impact of obesity-induced inflammation and fatty bone marrow (FBM) on the development of CHIP-associated diseases. Common comorbidities such as obesity, diabetes, and infection, fostering pro-inflammatory environments, play a pivotal role in the acceleration of these pathologies. Our research underscores a notable association between CHIP and an increased waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), emphasizing the link between obesity and myeloid leukemia. Recent studies highlight a strong correlation between obesity and myeloid leukemias in both children and adults, with increased risks and poorer survival outcomes in overweight individuals. SUMMARY We discuss recent insights into how CHIP-associated pathologies respond to obesity-induced inflammation, offering implications for future studies in the intricate field of clonal hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Reuben Kapur
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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Bell-Hensley A, Beard DC, Feeney K, Zheng H, Jiang Y, Zhang X, Liu J, Gabel H, McAlinden A. Skeletal abnormalities in mice with Dnmt3a missense mutations. Bone 2024; 183:117085. [PMID: 38522809 PMCID: PMC11057337 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2024.117085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Overgrowth and intellectual disability disorders in humans are typified by length/height and/or head circumference ≥ 2 standard deviations above the mean as well as intellectual disability and behavioral comorbidities, including autism and anxiety. Tatton-Brown-Rahman Syndrome is one type of overgrowth and intellectual disability disorder caused by heterozygous missense mutations in the DNA methyltransferase 3A (DNMT3A) gene. Numerous DNMT3A mutations have been identified in Tatton-Brown-Rahman Syndrome patients and may be associated with varying phenotype severities of clinical presentation. Two such mutations are the R882H and P904L mutations which result in severe and mild phenotypes, respectively. Mice with paralogous mutations (Dnmt3aP900L/+ and Dnmt3aR878H/+) exhibit overgrowth in their long bones (e.g., femur, humerus), but the mechanisms responsible for their skeletal overgrowth remain unknown. The goal of this study is to characterize skeletal phenotypes in mouse models of Tatton-Brown-Rahman Syndrome and identify potential cellular mechanisms involved in the skeletal overgrowth phenotype. We report that mature mice with the Dnmt3aP900L/+ or Dnmt3aR878H/+ mutation exhibit tibial overgrowth, cortical bone thinning, and weakened bone mechanical properties. Dnmt3aR878H/+ mutants also contain larger bone marrow adipocytes while Dnmt3aP900L/+ mutants show no adipocyte phenotype compared to control animals. To understand the potential cellular mechanisms regulating these phenotypes, growth plate chondrocytes, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts were assessed in juvenile mutant mice using quantitative static histomorphometry and dynamic histomorphometry. Tibial growth plates appeared thicker in mutant juvenile mice, but no changes were observed in osteoblast activity or osteoclast number in the femoral mid-diaphysis. These studies reveal new skeletal phenotypes associated with Tatton-Brown-Rahman Syndrome in mice and provide a rationale to extend clinical assessments of patients with this condition to include bone density and quality testing. These findings may be also informative for skeletal characterization of other mouse models presenting with overgrowth and intellectual disability phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin Bell-Hensley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Diana C Beard
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kathryn Feeney
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Hongjun Zheng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Yunhao Jiang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Xiyun Zhang
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jin Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Harrison Gabel
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| | - Audrey McAlinden
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA; Shriners Hospital for Children - St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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Winter S, Götze KS, Hecker JS, Metzeler KH, Guezguez B, Woods K, Medyouf H, Schäffer A, Schmitz M, Wehner R, Glauche I, Roeder I, Rauner M, Hofbauer LC, Platzbecker U. Clonal hematopoiesis and its impact on the aging osteo-hematopoietic niche. Leukemia 2024; 38:936-946. [PMID: 38514772 PMCID: PMC11073997 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-024-02226-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Clonal hematopoiesis (CH) defines a premalignant state predominantly found in older persons that increases the risk of developing hematologic malignancies and age-related inflammatory diseases. However, the risk for malignant transformation or non-malignant disorders is variable and difficult to predict, and defining the clinical relevance of specific candidate driver mutations in individual carriers has proved to be challenging. In addition to the cell-intrinsic mechanisms, mutant cells rely on and alter cell-extrinsic factors from the bone marrow (BM) niche, which complicates the prediction of a mutant cell's fate in a shifting pre-malignant microenvironment. Therefore, identifying the insidious and potentially broad impact of driver mutations on supportive niches and immune function in CH aims to understand the subtle differences that enable driver mutations to yield different clinical outcomes. Here, we review the changes in the aging BM niche and the emerging evidence supporting the concept that CH can progressively alter components of the local BM microenvironment. These alterations may have profound implications for the functionality of the osteo-hematopoietic niche and overall bone health, consequently fostering a conducive environment for the continued development and progression of CH. We also provide an overview of the latest technology developments to study the spatiotemporal dependencies in the CH BM niche, ideally in the context of longitudinal studies following CH over time. Finally, we discuss aspects of CH carrier management in clinical practice, based on work from our group and others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susann Winter
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Katharina S Götze
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), CHOICE Consortium, Partner Sites Dresden/Munich/Frankfurt/Mainz, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Medicine III, Technical University of Munich (TUM), School of Medicine and Health, Munich, Germany
- German MDS Study Group (D-MDS), Leipzig, Germany
| | - Judith S Hecker
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), CHOICE Consortium, Partner Sites Dresden/Munich/Frankfurt/Mainz, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Medicine III, Technical University of Munich (TUM), School of Medicine and Health, Munich, Germany
- TranslaTUM, Center for Translational Cancer Research, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus H Metzeler
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), CHOICE Consortium, Partner Sites Dresden/Munich/Frankfurt/Mainz, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Hematology, Cellular Therapy, Hemostaseology and Infectious Disease, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Borhane Guezguez
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), CHOICE Consortium, Partner Sites Dresden/Munich/Frankfurt/Mainz, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Kevin Woods
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), CHOICE Consortium, Partner Sites Dresden/Munich/Frankfurt/Mainz, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Hind Medyouf
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), CHOICE Consortium, Partner Sites Dresden/Munich/Frankfurt/Mainz, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Georg-Speyer-Haus, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Alexander Schäffer
- Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Georg-Speyer-Haus, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Marc Schmitz
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), CHOICE Consortium, Partner Sites Dresden/Munich/Frankfurt/Mainz, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
| | - Rebekka Wehner
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), CHOICE Consortium, Partner Sites Dresden/Munich/Frankfurt/Mainz, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
| | - Ingmar Glauche
- Institute for Medical Informatics and Biometry, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ingo Roeder
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), CHOICE Consortium, Partner Sites Dresden/Munich/Frankfurt/Mainz, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
- Institute for Medical Informatics and Biometry, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Martina Rauner
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine III, and Center for Healthy Aging, University Medical Center, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Lorenz C Hofbauer
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), CHOICE Consortium, Partner Sites Dresden/Munich/Frankfurt/Mainz, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine III, and Center for Healthy Aging, University Medical Center, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Uwe Platzbecker
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), CHOICE Consortium, Partner Sites Dresden/Munich/Frankfurt/Mainz, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
- German MDS Study Group (D-MDS), Leipzig, Germany.
- Department of Hematology, Cellular Therapy, Hemostaseology and Infectious Disease, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany.
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Mistry JJ, Young KA, Colom Díaz PA, Maestre IF, Levine RL, Trowbridge JJ. Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Senescence Induced by Dnmt3a -Mutant Hematopoietic Cells is a Targetable Mechanism Driving Clonal Hematopoiesis and Initiation of Hematologic Malignancy. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.28.587254. [PMID: 38585779 PMCID: PMC10996614 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.28.587254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Clonal hematopoiesis (CH) can predispose to blood cancers due to enhanced fitness of mutant hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs), but the mechanisms driving this progression are not understood. We hypothesized that malignant progression is related to microenvironment-remodelling properties of CH-mutant HSPCs. Single-cell transcriptomic profiling of the bone marrow microenvironment in Dnmt3a R878H/+ mice revealed signatures of cellular senescence in mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). Dnmt3a R878H/+ HSPCs caused MSCs to upregulate the senescence markers SA-β-gal, BCL-2, BCL-xL, Cdkn1a (p21) and Cdkn2a (p16), ex vivo and in vivo . This effect was cell contact-independent and can be replicated by IL-6 or TNFα, which are produced by Dnmt3a R878H/+ HSPCs. Depletion of senescent MSCs in vivo reduced the fitness of Dnmt3a R878H/+ hematopoietic cells and the progression of CH to myeloid neoplasms using a sequentially inducible Dnmt3a ; Npm1 -mutant model. Thus, Dnmt3a -mutant HSPCs reprogram their microenvironment via senescence induction, creating a self-reinforcing niche favoring fitness and malignant progression. Statement of Significance Mesenchymal stromal cell senescence induced by Dnmt3a -mutant hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells drives clonal hematopoiesis and initiation of hematologic malignancy.
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Reyes JM, Tovy A, Zhang L, Bortoletto AS, Rosas C, Chen CW, Waldvogel SM, Guzman AG, Aguilar R, Gupta S, Liu L, Buckley MT, Patel KR, Marcogliese AN, Li Y, Curry CV, Rando TA, Brunet A, Parchem RJ, Rau RE, Goodell MA. Hematologic DNMT3A reduction and high-fat diet synergize to promote weight gain and tissue inflammation. iScience 2024; 27:109122. [PMID: 38414863 PMCID: PMC10897855 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
During aging, blood cell production becomes dominated by a limited number of variant hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) clones. Differentiated progeny of variant HSCs are thought to mediate the detrimental effects of such clonal hematopoiesis on organismal health, but the mechanisms are poorly understood. While somatic mutations in DNA methyltransferase 3A (DNMT3A) frequently drive clonal dominance, the aging milieu also likely contributes. Here, we examined in mice the interaction between high-fat diet (HFD) and reduced DNMT3A in hematopoietic cells; strikingly, this combination led to weight gain. HFD amplified pro-inflammatory pathways and upregulated inflammation-associated genes in mutant cells along a pro-myeloid trajectory. Aberrant DNA methylation during myeloid differentiation and in response to HFD led to pro-inflammatory activation and maintenance of stemness genes. These findings suggest that reduced DNMT3A in hematopoietic cells contributes to weight gain, inflammation, and metabolic dysfunction, highlighting a role for DNMT3A loss in the development of metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime M. Reyes
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ayala Tovy
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Linda Zhang
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Graduate Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Angelina S. Bortoletto
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Graduate Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Carina Rosas
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Chun-Wei Chen
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sarah M. Waldvogel
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Cancer and Cell Biology Graduate Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Anna G. Guzman
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rogelio Aguilar
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sinjini Gupta
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | | | - Kalyani R. Patel
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Yumei Li
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Choladda V. Curry
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Thomas A. Rando
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Anne Brunet
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Ronald J. Parchem
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rachel E. Rau
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Margaret A. Goodell
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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8
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Kapadia CD, Goodell MA. Tissue mosaicism following stem cell aging: blood as an exemplar. NATURE AGING 2024; 4:295-308. [PMID: 38438628 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-024-00589-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Loss of stem cell regenerative potential underlies aging of all tissues. Somatic mosaicism, the emergence of cellular patchworks within tissues, increases with age and has been observed in every organ yet examined. In the hematopoietic system, as in most tissues, stem cell aging through a variety of mechanisms occurs in lockstep with the emergence of somatic mosaicism. Here, we draw on insights from aging hematopoiesis to illustrate fundamental principles of stem cell aging and somatic mosaicism. We describe the generalizable changes intrinsic to aged stem cells and their milieu that provide the backdrop for somatic mosaicism to emerge. We discuss genetic and nongenetic mechanisms that can result in tissue somatic mosaicism and existing methodologies to detect such clonal outgrowths. Finally, we propose potential avenues to modify mosaicism during aging, with the ultimate aim of increasing tissue resiliency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiraag D Kapadia
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Margaret A Goodell
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
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9
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Bacharach T, Kaushansky N, Shlush LI. Age-related micro-environmental changes as drivers of clonal hematopoiesis. Curr Opin Hematol 2024; 31:53-57. [PMID: 38133628 DOI: 10.1097/moh.0000000000000798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Both aging and reduced diversity at the hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) level are ubiquitous. What remains unclear is why some individuals develop clonal hematopoiesis (CH), and why does CH due to specific mutations occur in specific individuals. Much like aging, reduced diversity of HSCs is a complex phenotype shaped by numerous factors (germline & environment). The purpose of the current review is to discuss the role of two other age-related ubiquitous processes that might contribute to the dynamics and characteristics of losing HSC diversity and the evolution of CH. These processes have not been reviewed in depth so far and include the accumulation of fatty bone marrow (FBM), and the decline in sex hormones. RECENT FINDINGS Interestingly, sex hormone decline can directly shape HSC function, but also reshape the delicate balance of BM supporting cells, with a shift towards FBM. FBM accumulation can shape the clonal expansion of preleukemic mutations, particularly DNMT3A mutations, through IL-6 mediation. DNMT3A mutations are one of the only preleukemic mutations which is more prevalent in women, and especially in women with early menopause, demonstrating an association between age-related hormone decline and CH evolution, the mechanisms of which are yet to be discovered. SUMMARY Aging is a multifactorial phenotype and the same is true for the aging of the blood system. While many factors which can shape CH have been discussed, we shed more light on FBM and sex hormone decline. Much more is missing: how and should we even try to prevent these phenomena? Why do they occur? and how they are connected to other age-related blood factors?
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Affiliation(s)
- Tal Bacharach
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot
| | - Nathali Kaushansky
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot
| | - Liran I Shlush
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot
- Maccabi Healthcare Services, Tel Aviv, Israel
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10
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Vlasschaert C, Lanktree MB, Rauh MJ, Kelly TN, Natarajan P. Clonal haematopoiesis, ageing and kidney disease. Nat Rev Nephrol 2024; 20:161-174. [PMID: 37884787 PMCID: PMC10922936 DOI: 10.1038/s41581-023-00778-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Clonal haematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) is a preclinical condition wherein a sizeable proportion of an individual's circulating blood cells are derived from a single mutated haematopoietic stem cell. CHIP occurs frequently with ageing - more than 10% of individuals over 65 years of age are affected - and is associated with an increased risk of disease across several organ systems and premature death. Emerging evidence suggests that CHIP has a role in kidney health, including associations with predisposition to acute kidney injury, impaired recovery from acute kidney injury and kidney function decline, both in the general population and among those with chronic kidney disease. Beyond its direct effect on the kidney, CHIP elevates the susceptibility of individuals to various conditions that can detrimentally affect the kidneys, including cardiovascular disease, obesity and insulin resistance, liver disease, gout, osteoporosis and certain autoimmune diseases. Aberrant pro-inflammatory signalling, telomere attrition and epigenetic ageing are potential causal pathophysiological pathways and mediators that underlie CHIP-related disease risk. Experimental animal models have shown that inhibition of inflammatory cytokine signalling can ameliorate many of the pathological effects of CHIP, and assessment of the efficacy and safety of this class of medications for human CHIP-associated pathology is ongoing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matthew B Lanktree
- Department of Medicine and Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael J Rauh
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tanika N Kelly
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Pradeep Natarajan
- Cardiovascular Research Center and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics and Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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11
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Tsilingiris D, Vallianou NG, Spyrou N, Kounatidis D, Christodoulatos GS, Karampela I, Dalamaga M. Obesity and Leukemia: Biological Mechanisms, Perspectives, and Challenges. Curr Obes Rep 2024; 13:1-34. [PMID: 38159164 PMCID: PMC10933194 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-023-00542-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To examine the epidemiological data on obesity and leukemia; evaluate the effect of obesity on leukemia outcomes in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) survivors; assess the potential mechanisms through which obesity may increase the risk of leukemia; and provide the effects of obesity management on leukemia. Preventive (diet, physical exercise, obesity pharmacotherapy, bariatric surgery) measures, repurposing drugs, candidate therapeutic agents targeting oncogenic pathways of obesity and insulin resistance in leukemia as well as challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic are also discussed. RECENT FINDINGS Obesity has been implicated in the development of 13 cancers, such as breast, endometrial, colon, renal, esophageal cancers, and multiple myeloma. Leukemia is estimated to account for approximately 2.5% and 3.1% of all new cancer incidence and mortality, respectively, while it represents the most frequent cancer in children younger than 5 years. Current evidence indicates that obesity may have an impact on the risk of leukemia. Increased birthweight may be associated with the development of childhood leukemia. Obesity is also associated with worse outcomes and increased mortality in leukemic patients. However, there are several limitations and challenges in meta-analyses and epidemiological studies. In addition, weight gain may occur in a substantial number of childhood ALL survivors while the majority of studies have documented an increased risk of relapse and mortality among patients with childhood ALL and obesity. The main pathophysiological pathways linking obesity to leukemia include bone marrow adipose tissue; hormones such as insulin and the insulin-like growth factor system as well as sex hormones; pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6 and TNF-α; adipocytokines, such as adiponectin, leptin, resistin, and visfatin; dyslipidemia and lipid signaling; chronic low-grade inflammation and oxidative stress; and other emerging mechanisms. Obesity represents a risk factor for leukemia, being among the only known risk factors that could be prevented or modified through weight loss, healthy diet, and physical exercise. Pharmacological interventions, repurposing drugs used for cardiometabolic comorbidities, and bariatric surgery may be recommended for leukemia and obesity-related cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Tsilingiris
- First Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, Dragana, 68100, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Natalia G Vallianou
- Department of Internal Medicine, Evangelismos General Hospital, 45-47 Ipsilantou str, 10676, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Spyrou
- Tisch Cancer Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1190 One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Dimitris Kounatidis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Evangelismos General Hospital, 45-47 Ipsilantou str, 10676, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Irene Karampela
- 2nd Department of Critical Care, Medical School, University of Athens, Attikon General University Hospital, 1 Rimini Str, 12462, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Dalamaga
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias str, 11527, Athens, Greece.
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12
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Schwartz LS, Young KA, Stearns TM, Boyer N, Mujica KD, Trowbridge JJ. Transcriptional and functional consequences of Oncostatin M signaling on young Dnmt3a-mutant hematopoietic stem cells. Exp Hematol 2024; 130:104131. [PMID: 38000729 PMCID: PMC10922717 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2023.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Age-associated clonal hematopoiesis (CH) occurs due to somatic mutations accrued in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) that confer a selective growth advantage in the context of aging. The mechanisms by which CH-mutant HSCs gain this advantage with aging are not comprehensively understood. Using unbiased transcriptomic approaches, we identified Oncostatin M (OSM) signaling as a candidate contributor to age-related Dnmt3a-mutant CH. We found that Dnmt3a-mutant HSCs from young adult mice (3-6 months old) subjected to acute OSM stimulation do not demonstrate altered proliferation, apoptosis, hematopoietic engraftment, or myeloid differentiation. Dnmt3a-mutant HSCs from young mice do transcriptionally upregulate an inflammatory cytokine network in response to acute in vitro OSM stimulation as evidenced by significant upregulation of the genes encoding IL-6, IL-1β, and TNFα. OSM-stimulated Dnmt3a-mutant HSCs also demonstrate upregulation of the anti-inflammatory genes Socs3, Atf3, and Nr4a1. In the context of an aged bone marrow (BM) microenvironment, Dnmt3a-mutant HSCs upregulate proinflammatory genes but not the anti-inflammatory genes Socs3, Atf3, and Nr4a1. The results from our studies suggest that aging may exhaust the regulatory mechanisms that HSCs employ to resolve inflammatory states in response to factors such as OSM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Logan S Schwartz
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME; School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | | | | | | | | | - Jennifer J Trowbridge
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME; School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA.
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13
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Park E, Evans MA, Walsh K. Regulators of clonal hematopoiesis and physiological consequences of this condition. THE JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR AGING 2024; 4:3. [PMID: 39119355 PMCID: PMC11309374 DOI: 10.20517/jca.2023.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Clonal hematopoiesis (CH) is a prevalent condition that results from somatic mutations in hematopoietic stem cells. When these mutations occur in "driver" genes, they can potentially confer fitness advantages to the affected cells, leading to a clonal expansion. While most clonal expansions of mutant cells are generally considered to be asymptomatic since they do not impact overall blood cell numbers, CH carriers face long-term risks of all-cause mortality and age-associated diseases, including cardiovascular disease and hematological malignancies. While considerable research has focused on understanding the association between CH and these diseases, less attention has been given to exploring the regulatory factors that contribute to the expansion of the driver gene clone. This review focuses on the association between environmental stressors and inherited genetic risk factors in the context of CH development. A better understanding of how these stressors impact CH development will facilitate mechanistic studies and potentially lead to new therapeutic avenues to treat individuals with this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunbee Park
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Megan A. Evans
- Hematovascular Biology Center, Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Kenneth Walsh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Hematovascular Biology Center, Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
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14
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Karpova D. Clonal hematopoiesis in frequent whole blood donors. HEMATOLOGY. AMERICAN SOCIETY OF HEMATOLOGY. EDUCATION PROGRAM 2023; 2023:299-304. [PMID: 38066913 PMCID: PMC10727091 DOI: 10.1182/hematology.2023000483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Healthy volunteer donors are committed to contributing key medical resources. Repeated, regular donation of whole blood represents a specific trigger of hematopoietic stress. Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are known to respond to environmental triggers by altering their differentiation and/or proliferative behavior. This can manifest in long-term changes in the clonal dynamics of HSCs, such as the age-associated expansion of HSCs carrying somatic mutations in genes associated with hematologic cancers-that is, clonal hematopoiesis (CH). A recent study revealed a higher prevalence of CH in frequent donors driven by low-risk mutations in genes encoding for epigenetic modifiers, with DNMT3A and TET2 being the most common. No difference in the prevalence of known preleukemic driver mutations was detected between the cohorts, underscoring the safety of repetitive blood donations. Functional analyses suggest a link between the presence of selected DNMT3A mutations found in the frequent donor group and the responsiveness of the cells to the molecular mediator of bleeding stress, erythropoietin (EPO), but not inflammation. These findings define EPO as one of the environmental factors that provide a fitness advantage to specific mutant HSCs. Analyzing CH prevalence and characteristics in other donor cohorts will be important to comprehensively assess the health risks associated with the different types of donation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darja Karpova
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO
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15
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Schwartz LS, Young KA, Stearns TM, Boyer N, Mujica KD, Trowbridge JJ. Oncostatin M is a Master Regulator of an Inflammatory Network in Dnmt3a -Mutant Hematopoietic Stem Cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.12.548764. [PMID: 37502912 PMCID: PMC10369995 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.12.548764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Age-associated clonal hematopoiesis (CH) occurs due to somatic mutations accrued in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) that confer a selective advantage in the context of aging. The mechanisms by which CH-mutant HSCs gain this advantage with aging are not comprehensively understood. Using unbiased transcriptomic approaches, we identify Oncostatin M (OSM) signaling as a candidate contributor to aging-driven Dnmt3a -mutant CH. We find that Dnmt3a -mutant HSCs from young mice do not functionally respond to acute OSM stimulation with respect to proliferation, apoptosis, hematopoietic engraftment, or myeloid differentiation. However, young Dnmt3a -mutant HSCs transcriptionally upregulate an inflammatory cytokine network in response to acute OSM stimulation including genes encoding IL-6, IL-1β and TNFα. In addition, OSM-stimulated Dnmt3a -mutant HSCs upregulate the anti-inflammatory genes Socs3, Atf3 and Nr4a1 , creating a negative feedback loop limiting sustained activation of the inflammatory network. In the context of an aged bone marrow (BM) microenvironment with chronically elevated levels of OSM, Dnmt3a -mutant HSCs upregulate pro-inflammatory genes but do not upregulate Socs3, Atf3 and Nr4a1 . Together, our work suggests that chronic inflammation with aging exhausts the regulatory mechanisms in young CH-mutant HSCs that resolve inflammatory states, and that OSM is a master regulator of an inflammatory network that contributes to age-associated CH.
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16
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Balandrán JC, Lasry A, Aifantis I. The Role of Inflammation in the Initiation and Progression of Myeloid Neoplasms. Blood Cancer Discov 2023; 4:254-266. [PMID: 37052531 PMCID: PMC10320626 DOI: 10.1158/2643-3230.bcd-22-0176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Myeloid malignancies are devastating hematologic cancers with limited therapeutic options. Inflammation is emerging as a novel driver of myeloid malignancy, with important implications for tumor composition, immune response, therapeutic options, and patient survival. Here, we discuss the role of inflammation in normal and malignant hematopoiesis, from clonal hematopoiesis to full-blown myeloid leukemia. We discuss how inflammation shapes clonal output from hematopoietic stem cells, how inflammation alters the immune microenvironment in the bone marrow, and novel therapies aimed at targeting inflammation in myeloid disease. SIGNIFICANCE Inflammation is emerging as an important factor in myeloid malignancies. Understanding the role of inflammation in myeloid transformation, and the interplay between inflammation and other drivers of leukemogenesis, may yield novel avenues for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Balandrán
- Department of Pathology and Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Audrey Lasry
- Department of Pathology and Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Iannis Aifantis
- Department of Pathology and Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
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