1
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Weitz P, Wortmann J, Liu C, Wen TJ, Li CZ, Heumüller T, Brabec CJ. Photodegradation of Organic Solar Cells under Visible Light and the Crucial Influence of Its Spectral Composition. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 38955357 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c03446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
While wavelength-dependent photodegradation of organic solar cells (OSCs) under visible light is typically discussed in terms of UV/blue light-activated phenomena, we recently demonstrated wavelength-dependent degradation rates up to 660 nm for PM6:Y6. In this study, we systematically investigated this phenomenon for a broad variety of devices based on different donor:acceptor combinations. We found that the spectral composition of the light used for degradation, tuned in a spectral range from 457 to 740 nm and under high irradiances of up to 30 suns, has a crucial influence on the device stability of almost all tested semiconductors. The relevance of this phenomenon was investigated in the context of simulated AM1.5 illumination with metal halide lamps and white LEDs. It is concluded that the current stability testing protocols in OSC research have to be adjusted to account for this effect to reveal the underlying physics of this still poorly understood mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Weitz
- Institute Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (i-MEET), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Martensstraße 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jonas Wortmann
- Institute Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (i-MEET), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Martensstraße 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg (HI ERN), Immerwahrstraße 2, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Chao Liu
- Institute Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (i-MEET), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Martensstraße 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg (HI ERN), Immerwahrstraße 2, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tian-Jiao Wen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Chang-Zhi Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Thomas Heumüller
- Institute Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (i-MEET), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Martensstraße 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg (HI ERN), Immerwahrstraße 2, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christoph J Brabec
- Institute Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (i-MEET), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Martensstraße 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg (HI ERN), Immerwahrstraße 2, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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2
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Singh R, Hu H, Feeney T, Diercks A, Laufer F, Li Y, Duong T, Schackmar F, Nejand BA, Paetzold UW. Danger in the Dark: Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells with Varied Stoichiometries and Morphologies Stressed at Various Conditions. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:27450-27462. [PMID: 38751205 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c04350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
The long-term stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) remains a bottleneck for commercialization. While studies on the stoichiometry and morphology of PSCs with regard to performance are prevalent, understanding the influence of these factors on their long-term stability is lacking. In this work, we evaluate the impact of stoichiometry and morphology on the long-term stability of cesium formamidinium-based PSCs. We demonstrate that the lead iodide (PbI2) to formamidinium iodide (FAI) ratio influences stability under various stress factors (elevated temperature and light). A high molar ratio (PbI2/FAI > 1.1) in the perovskite precursor displays drastic degradation under ISOS-L1 (100 mW/cm2, 25 °C, maximum power point tracking) conditions. However, postdegradation analysis contradicts these results. Devices with PbI2/FAI ≤ 1.1 are stable under light, but intermittent current density-voltage characterizations indicate that device performance decreases during storage in the dark. Migration of iodide (I-) ions to the electron-transport layer (ETL) and iodine vacancies (VI-+) to the hole-transport layer (HTL) forms localized shunts in the absorber layer. Pinhole formation, surrounded by FA+-rich regions, explains the extent of damage in comparably aged films. In summary, this work emphasizes the importance of reporting stability under different stress conditions, coupled with postdegradation and dark recovery analyses of PSCs to better understand the complexities of perovskite instability under real-life conditions such as expected during outdoor operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roja Singh
- Institute of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Light Technology Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engesserstrasse 13, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Hang Hu
- Institute of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Light Technology Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engesserstrasse 13, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Thomas Feeney
- Light Technology Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engesserstrasse 13, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Alexander Diercks
- Light Technology Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engesserstrasse 13, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Felix Laufer
- Light Technology Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engesserstrasse 13, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Yang Li
- Institute of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Light Technology Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engesserstrasse 13, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - The Duong
- School of Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Fabian Schackmar
- Institute of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Light Technology Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engesserstrasse 13, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Bahram A Nejand
- Institute of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Light Technology Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engesserstrasse 13, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Ulrich W Paetzold
- Institute of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Light Technology Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engesserstrasse 13, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
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3
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Nyiekaa EA, Aika TA, Danladi E, Akhabue CE, Orukpe PE. Simulation and optimization of 30.17% high performance N-type TCO-free inverted perovskite solar cell using inorganic transport materials. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12024. [PMID: 38797811 PMCID: PMC11128456 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62882-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have gained much attention in recent years because of their improved energy conversion efficiency, simple fabrication process, low processing temperature, flexibility, light weight, and low cost of constituent materials when compared with their counterpart silicon based solar cells. Besides, stability and toxicity of PSCs and low power conversion efficiency have been an obstacle towards commercialization of PSCs which has attracted intense research attention. In this research paper, a Glass/Cu2O/CH3NH3SnI3/ZnO/Al inverted device structure which is made of cheap inorganic materials, n-type transparent conducting oxide (TCO)-free, stable, photoexcited toxic-free perovskite have been carefully designed, simulated and optimized using a one-dimensional solar cell capacitance simulator (SCAPS-1D) software. The effects of layers' thickness, perovskite's doping concentration and back contact electrodes have been investigated, and the optimized structure produced an open circuit voltage (Voc) of 1.0867 V, short circuit current density (JSC) of 33.4942 mA/cm2, fill factor (FF) of 82.88% and power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 30.17%. This paper presents a model that is first of its kind where the highest PCE performance and eco-friendly n-type TCO-free inverted CH3NH3SnI3 based perovskite solar cell is achieved using all-inorganic transport materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel A Nyiekaa
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria.
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University, Makurdi, Nigeria.
| | - Timothy A Aika
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria
| | - Eli Danladi
- Department of Physics, Federal University of Health Sciences, Otukpo, Nigeria
| | | | - Patience E Orukpe
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria
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4
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Cao Y, Yan N, Wang M, Qi D, Zhang J, Chen X, Qin R, Xiao F, Zhao G, Liu Y, Cai X, Zhao K, Liu SF, Feng J. Designed Additive to Regulated Crystallization for High Performance Perovskite Solar Cell. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024:e202404401. [PMID: 38729917 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202404401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
It is a crucial role for enhancing the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) to prepare high-quality perovskite films, which can be achieved by delaying the crystallization of perovskite film. Hence, we designed difluoroacetic anhydride (DFA) as an additive to regulating crystallization process thus reducing defect formation during perovskite film formation. It was found DFA reacts with DMSO by forming two molecules, difluoroacetate thioether ester (DTE) and difluoroacetic acid (DA). The strong bonding DTE⋅PbI2 and DA⋅PbI2 retard perovskite crystallization process for high-quality film formation, which was monitored through in situ UV/Vis and PL tests. By using DFA additives, we prepared perovskite films with high-quality and low defects. Finally, a champion PCE of 25.28 % was achieved with excellent environmental stability, which retained 95.75 % of the initial PCE after 1152 h at 25 °C under 25 % RH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Cao
- Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education; School of Materials Science and Engineering; Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices; Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology; Institute for Advanced Energy Materials, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, Shaanxi, China
| | - Nan Yan
- Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education; School of Materials Science and Engineering; Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices; Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology; Institute for Advanced Energy Materials, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mingzi Wang
- School of Physics, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, P. R. China
| | - Danyang Qi
- Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education; School of Materials Science and Engineering; Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices; Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology; Institute for Advanced Energy Materials, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiafan Zhang
- Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education; School of Materials Science and Engineering; Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices; Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology; Institute for Advanced Energy Materials, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education; School of Materials Science and Engineering; Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices; Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology; Institute for Advanced Energy Materials, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ru Qin
- Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education; School of Materials Science and Engineering; Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices; Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology; Institute for Advanced Energy Materials, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fengwei Xiao
- Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education; School of Materials Science and Engineering; Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices; Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology; Institute for Advanced Energy Materials, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, Shaanxi, China
| | - Guangtao Zhao
- Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education; School of Materials Science and Engineering; Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices; Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology; Institute for Advanced Energy Materials, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yucheng Liu
- Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education; School of Materials Science and Engineering; Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices; Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology; Institute for Advanced Energy Materials, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xuediao Cai
- Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education; School of Materials Science and Engineering; Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices; Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology; Institute for Advanced Energy Materials, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kui Zhao
- Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education; School of Materials Science and Engineering; Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices; Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology; Institute for Advanced Energy Materials, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shengzhong Frank Liu
- Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Conversion and Utilization of Solar Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jiangshan Feng
- Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education; School of Materials Science and Engineering; Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices; Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology; Institute for Advanced Energy Materials, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, Shaanxi, China
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5
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Li D, Sun X, Zhang Y, Guan Z, Yue Y, Wang Q, Zhao L, Liu F, Wei J, Li H. Uniaxial-Oriented Perovskite Films with Controllable Orientation. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2401184. [PMID: 38467038 PMCID: PMC11109632 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202401184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Perovskite films with large crystal size, preferred orientation, and facile fabrication process, combining advantages of single-crystal and polycrystalline films, have gained considerable attention recently. However, there is little research on the facet properties of perovskite films. Here, (111)- and (001)-oriented perovskite films with bandgaps ranging from 1.53 to 1.77 eV, and systematically investigated their orientation-dependent properties are achieved. The (111)-oriented films show electron-dominated traps and the (001)-oriented films show hole-dominated traps, which are related to their atomic arrangement at the surface. Compared with the (001)-oriented films, the (111)-oriented films exhibit lower work function and superior water/oxygen robustness. For the wide-bandgap films, the lattice of the (001)-oriented film provides an unobstructed passage for ion migration. Comparably, the (111)-oriented films exhibit suppressed ion migration and excellent phase stability. The optimized unencapsulated solar cells based on both (001) and (111) orientations show a similar high efficiency of ≈23%. The (111)-oriented solar cell exhibits excellent stability, maintaining 95% of its initial efficiency after 1500 h maximum power point (MPP) tracking test, and 97% initial efficiency after 3000 h aging in ambient conditions. This work paves the way for the rational design, controllable synthesis, and targeted optimization of uniaxial-oriented perovskite films for various electronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongni Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction‐Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green ApplicationsExperimental Center of Advanced MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China
| | - Xiangyu Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction‐Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green ApplicationsExperimental Center of Advanced MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction‐Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green ApplicationsExperimental Center of Advanced MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China
| | - Zhen Guan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction‐Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green ApplicationsExperimental Center of Advanced MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China
| | - Yansong Yue
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction‐Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green ApplicationsExperimental Center of Advanced MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China
| | - Qingya Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction‐Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green ApplicationsExperimental Center of Advanced MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China
| | - Lu Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction‐Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green ApplicationsExperimental Center of Advanced MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China
| | - Fangze Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction‐Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green ApplicationsExperimental Center of Advanced MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China
| | - Jing Wei
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction‐Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green ApplicationsExperimental Center of Advanced MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China
| | - Hongbo Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction‐Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green ApplicationsExperimental Center of Advanced MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China
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6
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Song S, Rahaman M, Jariwala D. Can 2D Semiconductors Be Game-Changers for Nanoelectronics and Photonics? ACS NANO 2024; 18:10955-10978. [PMID: 38625032 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c12938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
2D semiconductors have interesting physical and chemical attributes that have led them to become one of the most intensely investigated semiconductor families in recent history. They may play a crucial role in the next technological revolution in electronics as well as optoelectronics or photonics. In this Perspective, we explore the fundamental principles and significant advancements in electronic and photonic devices comprising 2D semiconductors. We focus on strategies aimed at enhancing the performance of conventional devices and exploiting important properties of 2D semiconductors that allow fundamentally interesting device functionalities for future applications. Approaches for the realization of emerging logic transistors and memory devices as well as photovoltaics, photodetectors, electro-optical modulators, and nonlinear optics based on 2D semiconductors are discussed. We also provide a forward-looking perspective on critical remaining challenges and opportunities for basic science and technology level applications of 2D semiconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seunguk Song
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Mahfujur Rahaman
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Deep Jariwala
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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7
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Wieczorek A, Kuba AG, Sommerhäuser J, Caceres LN, Wolff CM, Siol S. Advancing high-throughput combinatorial aging studies of hybrid perovskite thin films via precise automated characterization methods and machine learning assisted analysis. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY. A 2024; 12:7025-7035. [PMID: 38510372 PMCID: PMC10950304 DOI: 10.1039/d3ta07274f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
To optimize material stability, automated high-throughput workflows are of increasing interest. However, many of those workflows either employ synthesis techniques not suitable for large-area depositions or are carried out in ambient conditions, which limits the transferability of the results. While combinatorial approaches based on vapour-based depositions are inherently scalable, their potential for controlled stability assessments has yet to be exploited. Based on MAPbI3 thin films as a prototypical system, we demonstrate a combinatorial inert-gas workflow to study intrinsic materials degradation, closely resembling conditions in encapsulated devices. Specifically, we probe the stability of MAPbI3 thin films with varying residual PbI2 content. A comprehensive set of automated characterization techniques is used to investigate the structure and phase constitution of pristine and aged thin films. A custom-designed in situ UV-Vis aging setup is used for real-time photospectroscopy measurements of the material libraries under relevant aging conditions, such as heat or light-bias exposure. These measurements are used to gain insights into the degradation kinetics, which can be linked to intrinsic degradation processes such as autocatalytic decomposition. Despite scattering effects, which complicate the conventional interpretation of in situ UV-Vis results, we demonstrate how a machine learning model trained on the comprehensive characterization data before and after the aging process can link changes in the optical spectra to phase changes during aging. Consequently, this approach does not only enable semi-quantitative comparisons of material stability but also provides detailed insights into the underlying degradation processes which are otherwise mostly reported for investigations on single samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Wieczorek
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Coating Technologies, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology Switzerland
| | - Austin G Kuba
- Institute of Electrical and Microengineering (IEM), Photovoltaic and Thin-Film Electronics Laboratory, EPFL -École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Jan Sommerhäuser
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Coating Technologies, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology Switzerland
| | - Luis Nicklaus Caceres
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Coating Technologies, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology Switzerland
| | - Christian M Wolff
- Institute of Electrical and Microengineering (IEM), Photovoltaic and Thin-Film Electronics Laboratory, EPFL -École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Siol
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Coating Technologies, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology Switzerland
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8
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H. Balaguera E, Bisquert J. Accelerating the Assessment of Hysteresis in Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS ENERGY LETTERS 2024; 9:478-486. [PMID: 38356938 PMCID: PMC10863394 DOI: 10.1021/acsenergylett.3c02779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Halide perovskite materials have reached important milestones in the photovoltaic field, positioning them as realistic alternatives to conventional solar cells. However, unavoidable kinetic phenomena have represented a major concern for reliable steady-state performance assessment from standard current-voltage measurements. In particular, the dynamic hysteresis of current-voltage curves requires relatively long stabilization to achieve a credible figure for the power conversion efficiency. Hysteresis is caused by complex current transient phenomena that become active during staircase voltammetry. Here, we address the root of this problem. We pinpoint the dynamic characteristics behind the slow transient responses to strategically predict a minimum time delay and thus estimate the power conversion efficiency under steady-state conditions. Circuit-element analysis and impedance spectroscopy confirm our predictions based on an advanced transient study. Our results fundamentally explore the possibility of reducing data time acquisition in a reliable performance assessment, providing disruptive solutions and perspectives toward systematic production of photovoltaic perovskites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique H. Balaguera
- Escuela
Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología (ESCET), Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Bisquert
- Institute
of Advanced Materials (INAM), Universitat
Jaume I, 12006 Castelló, Spain
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9
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Liang H, Hui S, Chen G, Shen H, Yun J, Zhang L, Lu W, Wu H. Discovery of Deactivation Phenomenon in NiCo 2 S 4 /NiS 2 Electromagnetic Wave Absorbent and Its Reactivation Mechanism. SMALL METHODS 2024:e2301600. [PMID: 38185797 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202301600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Over the past century, extensive research has been carried out on various types of microwave absorption (MA) materials, primarily emphasizing mechanism, performance, and even toward smart device. However, the deactivation, a crucial concern for practical applications, has long been long-neglected. In this work, an in-depth exploration of the deactivation mechanism reveals a significant competition between metal and oxygen, leading to the replacement of the S-M (M = Ni and Co) bond by a new S─O bond on the surface of absorber. This substitution initiates a series of collapse effect that introduces additional defective sites and diminishes the potential for charge transport. Subsequently, passive and active anti-deactivation strategies are developed to target the deactivation. The passive strategy involved intentionally creating electron-deficient structures at the initial Ni and Co sites in the crystal through the Fe doping engineering, with the objective of preventing the generation of S─O bonds. Furthermore, the active anti-deactivation strategy allows for the precise control of absorber deactivation and reactivation by employing accelerated thermodynamic and kinetic methods, enabling a reversible transformation of S-M through competitive reactions with S─O bonds. Finally, a fast deactivation and reactivation method is first proposed promising to stimulate further innovations and breakthroughs in practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongsheng Liang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary, School of Physical Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Shengchong Hui
- MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary, School of Physical Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Geng Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary, School of Physical Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Hao Shen
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Science, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710064, P. R. China
| | - Jijun Yun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary, School of Physical Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Limin Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary, School of Physical Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Wei Lu
- Shanghai Key Lab. of D&A for Metal-Functional Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, P. R. China
| | - Hongjing Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary, School of Physical Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
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10
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Zamoretskov DS, Kuznetsov IE, Zhivchikova AN, Tepliakova MM, Sagdullina DK, Gapanovich MV, Kurbatov VG, Nasibulin AG, Akkuratov AV. Hole-transporting interlayers based on pyrazine-containing conjugated polymers for perovskite solar cells. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:31636-31645. [PMID: 37982438 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp04533a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have drawn great attention in the past decade due to the rapid growth of their power conversion efficiency (PCE) and the advantage of their low-cost fabrication. The hole-transport materials (HTMs) play a crucial role in achieving high efficiency and operational stability of PSCs. In this work, we report the synthesis of two novel conjugated polymers by coupling of the alkylsilyl-substituted benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene unit with the thiophene-bridged pyrazine block and their investigation as dopant-free HTMs in n-i-p PSCs. The devices with polymer PBPyT-ex (poly[(4,8-bis(5-(triisopropylsilyl)thiophen-2-yl)-2,6-benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene)-alt-5,5'-(2,5-bis(4-(2-ethylhexyl)thiophen-2-yl)pyrazine)]) demonstrate PCEs up to 17.5%, outperforming the 14.9% efficiency of PSCs with PBPyT-in (poly[(4,8-bis(5-(triisopropylsilyl)thiophen-2-yl)-2,6-benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene)-alt-5,5'-(2,5-bis(3-(2-ethylhexyl)thiophen-2-yl)pyrazine)]), which is attributed to the difference in the quality of HTM films. The results obtained feature the combination of pyrazine, thiophene and benzodithiophene units as a successful example of polymeric HTM backbone design for PSCs with encouraging efficiency and high operational stability over 1500 h under continuous illumination.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Zamoretskov
- Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences. FRC PCPMC RAS, Academician Semenov Avenue 1, Chernogolovka, 142432, Moscow region, Russian Federation.
| | - I E Kuznetsov
- Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences. FRC PCPMC RAS, Academician Semenov Avenue 1, Chernogolovka, 142432, Moscow region, Russian Federation.
| | - A N Zhivchikova
- Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences. FRC PCPMC RAS, Academician Semenov Avenue 1, Chernogolovka, 142432, Moscow region, Russian Federation.
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Nobel St. 3, 143026, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - M M Tepliakova
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Nobel St. 3, 143026, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - D K Sagdullina
- Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences. FRC PCPMC RAS, Academician Semenov Avenue 1, Chernogolovka, 142432, Moscow region, Russian Federation.
| | - M V Gapanovich
- Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences. FRC PCPMC RAS, Academician Semenov Avenue 1, Chernogolovka, 142432, Moscow region, Russian Federation.
- Moscow State University, 119992, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - V G Kurbatov
- Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences. FRC PCPMC RAS, Academician Semenov Avenue 1, Chernogolovka, 142432, Moscow region, Russian Federation.
| | - A G Nasibulin
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Nobel St. 3, 143026, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - A V Akkuratov
- Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences. FRC PCPMC RAS, Academician Semenov Avenue 1, Chernogolovka, 142432, Moscow region, Russian Federation.
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Barman P, Rahman MF, Islam MR, Hasan M, Chowdhury M, Hossain MK, Modak JK, Ezzine S, Amami M. Lead-free novel perovskite Ba 3AsI 3: First-principles insights into its electrical, optical, and mechanical properties. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21675. [PMID: 38027926 PMCID: PMC10661203 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Lead-free halide perovskites are a crucial family of materials in the fabrication of solar cells. At present, Solar cells are facing several challenges such as mechanical and thermodynamic instability, toxicity, unsuitable optical parameters, bandgap, and absorption coefficient. Ba3AsI3 is a halide perovskite which has demonstrated good efficiency and tremendous promise for usage in solar cell applications, and it offers a possible solution to these issues. In this study, the properties of the Ba3AsI3 perovskite solar cell were investigated using first-principles density functional theory (FP-DFT) calculations with the CASTEP (Cambridge serial total energy package) formulation. Most of its physical qualities, including its elasticity, electrical composition, bonding, optoelectronic characteristics, and optical characteristics have not yet been explored. In this work, these unexplored properties have been thoroughly investigated using density functional theory-based computations. The Born-Huang criterion and phonon dispersion characteristics have revealed that the material is mechanically stable. The bonding nature has been investigated using the density of states curves, Mulliken population analysis, and electronic charge density. Additionally, different elastic parameters demonstrate that Ba3AsI3 has reasonably high machinability and is mechanically isotropic. ELATE's three-dimensional visualization and optical properties also show isotropic behavior in all directions. The band structure shows that the bandgap is direct. Based on its direct bandgap, stability, large range of absorption coefficient, and suitable optical parameters, Ba3AsI3 is recommended as an absorber layer for solar cell fabrication in a near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pobitra Barman
- Advanced Energy Materials and Solar Cell Research Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur, 5400, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Ferdous Rahman
- Advanced Energy Materials and Solar Cell Research Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur, 5400, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Rasidul Islam
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Bangamata Sheikh Fojilatunnesa Mujib Science & Technology University, Jamalpur, 2012, Bangladesh
| | - Mehedi Hasan
- General Education Department, City University, Dhaka, 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Mithun Chowdhury
- Advanced Energy Materials and Solar Cell Research Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur, 5400, Bangladesh
| | - M. Khalid Hossain
- Institute of Electronics, Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh
| | - Jibon Krishna Modak
- Department of Physics, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science & Technological University, Gopalgonj, 8100, Bangladesh
- Department of Physics, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Safa Ezzine
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mongi Amami
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, Saudi Arabia
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