1
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Sun Y, Bakhtiari S, Valente-Paterno M, Wu Y, Nishimura Y, Shen W, Law C, Dhaliwal J, Dai D, Bui KH, Zerges W. Chloroplast biogenesis involves spatial coordination of nuclear and organellar gene expression in Chlamydomonas. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 196:112-123. [PMID: 38709497 PMCID: PMC11376380 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiae256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
The localization of translation can direct the polypeptide product to the proper intracellular compartment. Our results reveal translation by cytosolic ribosomes on a domain of the chloroplast envelope in the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii). We show that this envelope domain of isolated chloroplasts retains translationally active ribosomes and mRNAs encoding chloroplast proteins. This domain is aligned with localized translation by chloroplast ribosomes in the translation zone, a chloroplast compartment where photosystem subunits encoded by the plastid genome are synthesized and assembled. Roles of localized translation in directing newly synthesized subunits of photosynthesis complexes to discrete regions within the chloroplast for their assembly are suggested by differences in localization on the chloroplast of mRNAs encoding either subunit of the light-harvesting complex II or the small subunit of Rubisco. Transcription of the chloroplast genome is spatially coordinated with translation, as revealed by our demonstration of a subpopulation of transcriptionally active chloroplast nucleoids at the translation zone. We propose that the expression of chloroplast proteins by the nuclear-cytosolic and organellar genetic systems is organized in spatially aligned subcompartments of the cytoplasm and chloroplast to facilitate the biogenesis of the photosynthetic complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Sun
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H4B 1R6
| | - Shiva Bakhtiari
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H4B 1R6
| | - Melissa Valente-Paterno
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H4B 1R6
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H3A 0C7
| | - Yanxia Wu
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H4B 1R6
| | - Yoshiki Nishimura
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Department of Botany, Graduate School of Sciences, Koyoto University, Oiwake-cho, Kita-Shirakawa, Kyoto-shi 606-8502, Japan
| | - Weike Shen
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, China
| | - Christopher Law
- Centre for Microscopy and Cell Imaging, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H4B 1R6
| | - James Dhaliwal
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H4B 1R6
| | - Daniel Dai
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H3A 0C7
| | - Khanh Huy Bui
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H3A 0C7
| | - William Zerges
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H4B 1R6
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2
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Kaur H, Carrillo O, Garcia I, Ramos I, St Vallier S, De La Torre P, Lopez A, Keniry M, Bazan D, Elizondo J, Grishma KC, Ann MacMillan-Crow L, Gilkerson R. Differentiation activates mitochondrial OPA1 processing in myoblast cell lines. Mitochondrion 2024; 78:101933. [PMID: 38986925 PMCID: PMC11390305 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2024.101933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondrial optic atrophy-1 (OPA1) plays key roles in adapting mitochondrial structure to bioenergetic function. When transmembrane potential across the inner membrane (Δψm) is intact, long (L-OPA1) isoforms shape the inner membrane through membrane fusion and the formation of cristal junctions. When Δψm is lost, however, OPA1 is cleaved to short, inactive S-OPA1 isoforms by the OMA1 metalloprotease, disrupting mitochondrial structure and priming cellular stress responses such as apoptosis. Previously, we demonstrated that L-OPA1 of H9c2 cardiomyoblasts is insensitive to loss of Δψm via challenge with the protonophore carbonyl cyanide chlorophenyl hydrazone (CCCP), but that CCCP-induced OPA1 processing is activated upon differentiation in media with low serum supplemented with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA). Here, we show that this developmental induction of OPA1 processing in H9c2 cells is independent of ATRA; moreover, pretreatment of undifferentiated H9c2s with chloramphenicol (CAP), an inhibitor of mitochondrial protein synthesis, recapitulates the Δψm-sensitive OPA1 processing observed in differentiated H9c2s. L6.C11 and C2C12 myoblast lines display the same developmental and CAP-sensitive induction of OPA1 processing, demonstrating a general mechanism of OPA1 regulation in mammalian myoblast cell settings. Restoration of CCCP-induced OPA1 processing correlates with increased apoptotic sensitivity. Moreover, OPA1 knockdown indicates that intact OPA1 is necessary for effective myoblast differentiation. Taken together, our results indicate that a novel developmental mechanism acts to regulate OMA1-mediated OPA1 processing in myoblast cell lines, in which differentiation engages mitochondrial stress sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harpreet Kaur
- School of Integrative Biological & Chemical Sciences, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, United States
| | - Omar Carrillo
- School of Integrative Biological & Chemical Sciences, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, United States
| | - Iraselia Garcia
- School of Integrative Biological & Chemical Sciences, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, United States; Department of Biology, South Texas College, United States
| | - Isaiah Ramos
- School of Integrative Biological & Chemical Sciences, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, United States
| | - Shaynah St Vallier
- School of Integrative Biological & Chemical Sciences, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, United States
| | - Patrick De La Torre
- School of Integrative Biological & Chemical Sciences, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, United States
| | - Alma Lopez
- School of Integrative Biological & Chemical Sciences, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, United States
| | - Megan Keniry
- School of Integrative Biological & Chemical Sciences, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, United States
| | - Daniel Bazan
- School of Integrative Biological & Chemical Sciences, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, United States
| | - Jorge Elizondo
- School of Integrative Biological & Chemical Sciences, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, United States
| | - K C Grishma
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, United States
| | - Lee Ann MacMillan-Crow
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, United States
| | - Robert Gilkerson
- School of Integrative Biological & Chemical Sciences, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, United States; Medical Laboratory Sciences/Health & Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, United States.
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3
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Hong X, Tian G, Dai B, Zhou X, Gao Y, Zhu L, Liu H, Zhu Q, Zhang L, Zhu Y, Ren D, Guo C, Nan J, Liu X, Wang J, Ren T. Copper-loaded Milk-Protein Derived Microgel Preserves Cardiac Metabolic Homeostasis After Myocardial Infarction. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2401527. [PMID: 39007192 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202401527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Myocardial Infarction (MI) is a leading cause of death worldwide. Metabolic modulation is a promising therapeutic approach to prevent adverse remodeling after MI. However, whether material-derived cues can treat MI through metabolic regulation is mainly unexplored. Herein, a Cu2+ loaded casein microgel (CuCMG) aiming to rescue the pathological intramyocardial metabolism for MI amelioration is developed. Cu2+ is an important ion factor involved in metabolic pathways, and intracardiac copper drain is observed after MI. It is thus speculated that intramyocardial supplementation of Cu2+ can rescue myocardial metabolism. Casein, a milk-derived protein, is screened out as Cu2+ carrier through molecular-docking based on Cu2+ loading capacity and accessibility. CuCMGs notably attenuate MI-induced cardiac dysfunction and maladaptive remodeling, accompanied by increased angiogenesis. The results from unbiased transcriptome profiling and oxidative phosphorylation analyses support the hypothesis that CuCMG prominently rescued the metabolic homeostasis of myocardium after MI. These findings enhance the understanding of the design and application of metabolic-modulating biomaterials for ischemic cardiomyopathy therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Hong
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
- State Key Laboratory of Transvascular Implantation Devices, Heart Regeneration and Repair Key Laboratory Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Geer Tian
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
- State Key Laboratory of Transvascular Implantation Devices, Heart Regeneration and Repair Key Laboratory Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, China
- Binjiang Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Binyao Dai
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Xuhao Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
- State Key Laboratory of Transvascular Implantation Devices, Heart Regeneration and Repair Key Laboratory Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
- State Key Laboratory of Transvascular Implantation Devices, Heart Regeneration and Repair Key Laboratory Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Lianlian Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
- State Key Laboratory of Transvascular Implantation Devices, Heart Regeneration and Repair Key Laboratory Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Haoran Liu
- School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310023, China
| | - Qinchao Zhu
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Liwen Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Yang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Transvascular Implantation Devices, Heart Regeneration and Repair Key Laboratory Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, China
- Binjiang Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Daxi Ren
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Chengchen Guo
- School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310023, China
| | - Jinliang Nan
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
- State Key Laboratory of Transvascular Implantation Devices, Heart Regeneration and Repair Key Laboratory Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Xianbao Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
- State Key Laboratory of Transvascular Implantation Devices, Heart Regeneration and Repair Key Laboratory Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Jian'an Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
- State Key Laboratory of Transvascular Implantation Devices, Heart Regeneration and Repair Key Laboratory Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Tanchen Ren
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
- State Key Laboratory of Transvascular Implantation Devices, Heart Regeneration and Repair Key Laboratory Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, China
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4
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Nesterov SV, Ilyinsky NS, Plokhikh KS, Manuylov VD, Chesnokov YM, Vasilov RG, Kuznetsova IM, Turoverov KK, Gordeliy VI, Fonin AV, Uversky VN. Order wrapped in chaos: On the roles of intrinsically disordered proteins and RNAs in the arrangement of the mitochondrial enzymatic machines. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 267:131455. [PMID: 38588835 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
The analysis of cryo-electron tomography images of human and rat mitochondria revealed that the mitochondrial matrix is at least as crowded as the cytosol. To mitigate the crowding effects, metabolite transport in the mitochondria primarily occurs through the intermembrane space, which is significantly less crowded. The scientific literature largely ignores how enzyme systems and metabolite transport are organized in the crowded environment of the mitochondrial matrix. Under crowded conditions, multivalent interactions carried out by disordered protein regions (IDRs), may become extremely important. We analyzed the human mitochondrial proteome to determine the presence and physiological significance of IDRs. Despite mitochondrial proteins being generally more ordered than cytosolic or overall proteome proteins, disordered regions plays a significant role in certain mitochondrial compartments and processes. Even in highly ordered enzyme systems, there are proteins with long IDRs. Some IDRs act as binding elements between highly ordered subunits, while the roles of others are not yet established. Mitochondrial systems, like their bacterial ancestors, rely less on IDRs and more on RNA for LLPS compartmentalization. More evolutionarily advanced subsystems that enable mitochondria-cell interactions contain more IDRs. The study highlights the crucial and often overlooked role played by IDRs and non-coding RNAs in mitochondrial organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Semen V Nesterov
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 123182, Russia; Moscow Institute of Physics and Techonology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region 141701, Russia; Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg 194064, Russia.
| | - Nikolay S Ilyinsky
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Techonology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region 141701, Russia.
| | | | - Vladimir D Manuylov
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Techonology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region 141701, Russia
| | - Yuriy M Chesnokov
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 123182, Russia
| | - Raif G Vasilov
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 123182, Russia
| | - Irina M Kuznetsova
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg 194064, Russia
| | | | - Valentin I Gordeliy
- Institut de Biologie Structurale Jean-Pierre Ebel, Université Grenoble Alpes-Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives-CNRS, 38027 Grenoble, France
| | - Alexander V Fonin
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg 194064, Russia
| | - Vladimir N Uversky
- Department of Molecular Medicine and USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Research Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MDC07, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
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5
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Moretti-Horten DN, Peselj C, Taskin AA, Myketin L, Schulte U, Einsle O, Drepper F, Luzarowski M, Vögtle FN. Synchronized assembly of the oxidative phosphorylation system controls mitochondrial respiration in yeast. Dev Cell 2024; 59:1043-1057.e8. [PMID: 38508182 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2024.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Control of protein stoichiometry is essential for cell function. Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) presents a complex stoichiometric challenge as the ratio of the electron transport chain (ETC) and ATP synthase must be tightly controlled, and assembly requires coordinated integration of proteins encoded in the nuclear and mitochondrial genome. How correct OXPHOS stoichiometry is achieved is unknown. We identify the Mitochondrial Regulatory hub for respiratory Assembly (MiRA) platform, which synchronizes ETC and ATP synthase biogenesis in yeast. Molecularly, this is achieved by a stop-and-go mechanism: the uncharacterized protein Mra1 stalls complex IV assembly. Two "Go" signals are required for assembly progression: binding of the complex IV assembly factor Rcf2 and Mra1 interaction with an Atp9-translating mitoribosome induce Mra1 degradation, allowing synchronized maturation of complex IV and the ATP synthase. Failure of the stop-and-go mechanism results in cell death. MiRA controls OXPHOS assembly, ensuring correct stoichiometry of protein machineries encoded by two different genomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiana N Moretti-Horten
- Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Carlotta Peselj
- Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Asli Aras Taskin
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lisa Myketin
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Uwe Schulte
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; CIBSS-Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Einsle
- Institut für Biochemie, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Friedel Drepper
- CIBSS-Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; Biochemistry & Functional Proteomics, Institute of Biology II, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marcin Luzarowski
- Core Facility for Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - F-Nora Vögtle
- Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; CIBSS-Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; Network Aging Research, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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6
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Eldeeb MH, Camacho Lopez LJ, Fontanesi F. Mitochondrial respiratory supercomplexes of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. IUBMB Life 2024. [PMID: 38529880 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
The functional and structural relationship among the individual components of the mitochondrial respiratory chain constitutes a central aspect of our understanding of aerobic catabolism. This interplay has been a subject of intense debate for over 50 years. It is well established that individual respiratory enzymes associate into higher-order structures known as respiratory supercomplexes, which represent the evolutionarily conserved organizing principle of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, supercomplexes are formed by a complex III homodimer flanked by one or two complex IV monomers, and their high-resolution structures have been recently elucidated. Despite the wealth of structural information, several proposed supercomplex functions remain speculative and our understanding of their physiological relevance is still limited. Recent advances in the field were made possible by the construction of yeast strains where the association of complex III and IV into supercomplexes is impeded, leading to diminished respiratory capacity and compromised cellular competitive fitness. Here, we discuss the experimental evidence and hypotheses relative to the functional roles of yeast respiratory supercomplexes. Moreover, we review the current models of yeast complex III and IV assembly in the context of supercomplex formation and highlight the data scattered throughout the literature suggesting the existence of cross talk between their biogenetic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mazzen H Eldeeb
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Lizeth J Camacho Lopez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Flavia Fontanesi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
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7
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Jia S, Lian Y, Li S, Liu H, Shang J. Visualization analysis of mitochondrial dynamics in heart failure based on bibliometrics: Trends, hotspots, and topics. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37598. [PMID: 38489673 PMCID: PMC10939601 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to conduct a visual analysis of the relevant literature on mitochondrial dynamics in heart failure, explore the research progress, frontier topics, and development trends in this field, and provide references for the study concerning mitochondrial dynamics in the prevention and treatment of heart failure. The Web of Science was searched from inception to October 1, 2023 to identify relevant English literature on mitochondrial dynamics in heart failure. Bibliometric methods were utilized to statistically analyze the eligible literature, and CiteSpace 6.2.R5 software was employed to visualize data such as countries of publication, institutions, authors, and keywords. A total of 1755 Science Citation Index articles were included. The global publication volume showed an increasing trend year by year, with China and the United States having the most publications, and the United States displaying the highest centrality in publications. As revealed by keyword and citation analyses, the research hotspots and frontiers in this field mainly included the pathogenesis of heart failure, mitochondrial dynamics markers, mitochondrial quality control, and potential therapeutic targets for heart failure. Research on mitochondrial dynamics in heart failure is under vigorous development. It is a development trend in this research field to explore the differential gene expression and molecular mechanisms of targeted treatment in the mitochondrial dynamics in heart failure, which will contribute to the formulation of new strategies for the prevention and treatment of heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihan Jia
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanjie Lian
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Cardiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Sinai Li
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hongxu Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Juju Shang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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8
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Cai M, Li S, Cai K, Du X, Han J, Hu J. Empowering mitochondrial metabolism: Exploring L-lactate supplementation as a promising therapeutic approach for metabolic syndrome. Metabolism 2024; 152:155787. [PMID: 38215964 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2024.155787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome (MetS), affecting various cell types and organs. In MetS animal models, mitochondria exhibit decreased quality control, characterized by abnormal morphological structure, impaired metabolic activity, reduced energy production, disrupted signaling cascades, and oxidative stress. The aberrant changes in mitochondrial function exacerbate the progression of metabolic syndrome, setting in motion a pernicious cycle. From this perspective, reversing mitochondrial dysfunction is likely to become a novel and powerful approach for treating MetS. Unfortunately, there are currently no effective drugs available in clinical practice to improve mitochondrial function. Recently, L-lactate has garnered significant attention as a valuable metabolite due to its ability to regulate mitochondrial metabolic processes and function. It is highly likely that treating MetS and its related complications can be achieved by correcting mitochondrial homeostasis disorders. In this review, we comprehensively discuss the complex relationship between mitochondrial function and MetS and the involvement of L-lactate in regulating mitochondrial metabolism and associated signaling pathways. Furthermore, it highlights recent findings on the involvement of L-lactate in common pathologies of MetS and explores its potential clinical application and further prospects, thus providing new insights into treatment possibilities for MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Cai
- College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, PR China; Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Shuyao Li
- College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, PR China
| | - Keren Cai
- College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, PR China
| | - Xinlin Du
- College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, PR China
| | - Jia Han
- College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, PR China.
| | - Jingyun Hu
- Central Lab, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi Medical Testing, Shanghai Pudong New Area People's Hospital, Shanghai 201299, PR China.
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9
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Pieczara A, Arellano Reyes RA, Keyes TE, Dawiec P, Baranska M. New Highly Sensitive and Specific Raman Probe for Live Cell Imaging of Mitochondrial Function. ACS Sens 2024; 9:995-1003. [PMID: 38334979 PMCID: PMC10897933 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c02576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
For Raman hyperspectral detection and imaging in live cells, it is very desirable to create novel probes with strong and unique Raman vibrations in the biological silent region (1800-2800 cm-1). The use of molecular probes in Raman imaging is a relatively new technique in subcellular research; however, it is developing very rapidly. Compared with the label-free method, it allows for a more sensitive and selective visualization of organelles within a single cell. Biological systems are incredibly complex and heterogeneous. Directly visualizing biological structures and activities at the cellular and subcellular levels remains by far one of the most intuitive and powerful ways to study biological problems. Each organelle plays a specific and essential role in cellular processes, but importantly for cells to survive, mitochondrial function must be reliable. Motivated by earlier attempts and successes of biorthogonal chemical imaging, we develop a tool supporting Raman imaging of cells to track biochemical changes associated with mitochondrial function at the cellular level in an in vitro model. In this work, we present a newly synthesized highly sensitive RAR-BR Raman probe for the selective imaging of mitochondria in live endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Pieczara
- Jagiellonian
Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego Str., 30-348 Krakow, Poland
- Jagiellonian
University in Kraków, Doctoral School
of Exact and Natural Sciences, 11 Lojasiewicza Street, 30-348 Krakow, Poland
| | - Ruben Arturo Arellano Reyes
- School
of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, 592, 628 Collins Ave Ext, Whitehall
Dublin 9, D09 E432 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Tia E. Keyes
- School
of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, 592, 628 Collins Ave Ext, Whitehall
Dublin 9, D09 E432 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Patrycja Dawiec
- Jagiellonian
University in Kraków, Doctoral School
of Exact and Natural Sciences, 11 Lojasiewicza Street, 30-348 Krakow, Poland
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 2 Gronostajowa Str., 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Baranska
- Jagiellonian
Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego Str., 30-348 Krakow, Poland
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 2 Gronostajowa Str., 30-387 Krakow, Poland
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10
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Blake LA, De La Cruz A, Wu B. Imaging spatiotemporal translation regulation in vivo. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2024; 154:155-164. [PMID: 36963991 PMCID: PMC10514244 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2023.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
Translation is regulated spatiotemporally to direct protein synthesis when and where it is needed. RNA localization and local translation have been observed in various subcellular compartments, allowing cells to rapidly and finely adjust their proteome post-transcriptionally. Local translation on membrane-bound organelles is important to efficiently synthesize proteins targeted to the organelles. Protein-RNA phase condensates restrict RNA spatially in membraneless organelles and play essential roles in translation regulation and RNA metabolism. In addition, the temporal translation kinetics not only determine the amount of protein produced, but also serve as an important checkpoint for the quality of ribosomes, mRNAs, and nascent proteins. Translation imaging provides a unique capability to study these fundamental processes in the native environment. Recent breakthroughs in imaging enabled real-time visualization of translation of single mRNAs, making it possible to determine the spatial distribution and key biochemical parameters of in vivo translation dynamics. Here we reviewed the recent advances in translation imaging methods and their applications to study spatiotemporal translation regulation in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren A Blake
- Department of Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; The Center for Cell Dynamics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Ana De La Cruz
- Department of Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; The Center for Cell Dynamics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Bin Wu
- Department of Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; The Solomon H Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; The Center for Cell Dynamics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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11
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Bhullar SK, Dhalla NS. Status of Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation during the Development of Heart Failure. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1941. [PMID: 38001794 PMCID: PMC10669359 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12111941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are specialized organelles, which serve as the "Power House" to generate energy for maintaining heart function. These organelles contain various enzymes for the oxidation of different substrates as well as the electron transport chain in the form of Complexes I to V for producing ATP through the process of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Several studies have shown depressed OXPHOS activity due to defects in one or more components of the substrate oxidation and electron transport systems which leads to the depletion of myocardial high-energy phosphates (both creatine phosphate and ATP). Such changes in the mitochondria appear to be due to the development of oxidative stress, inflammation, and Ca2+-handling abnormalities in the failing heart. Although some investigations have failed to detect any changes in the OXPHOS activity in the failing heart, such results appear to be due to a loss of Ca2+ during the mitochondrial isolation procedure. There is ample evidence to suggest that mitochondrial Ca2+-overload occurs, which is associated with impaired mitochondrial OXPHOS activity in the failing heart. The depression in mitochondrial OXPHOS activity may also be due to the increased level of reactive oxygen species, which are formed as a consequence of defects in the electron transport complexes in the failing heart. Various metabolic interventions which promote the generation of ATP have been reported to be beneficial for the therapy of heart failure. Accordingly, it is suggested that depression in mitochondrial OXPHOS activity plays an important role in the development of heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Naranjan S. Dhalla
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada;
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12
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Kohler A, Carlström A, Nolte H, Kohler V, Jung SJ, Sridhara S, Tatsuta T, Berndtsson J, Langer T, Ott M. Early fate decision for mitochondrially encoded proteins by a molecular triage. Mol Cell 2023; 83:3470-3484.e8. [PMID: 37751741 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2023.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Folding of newly synthesized proteins poses challenges for a functional proteome. Dedicated protein quality control (PQC) systems either promote the folding of nascent polypeptides at ribosomes or, if this fails, ensure their degradation. Although well studied for cytosolic protein biogenesis, it is not understood how these processes work for mitochondrially encoded proteins, key subunits of the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) system. Here, we identify dedicated hubs in proximity to mitoribosomal tunnel exits coordinating mitochondrial protein biogenesis and quality control. Conserved prohibitin (PHB)/m-AAA protease supercomplexes and the availability of assembly chaperones determine the fate of newly synthesized proteins by molecular triaging. The localization of these competing activities in the vicinity of the mitoribosomal tunnel exit allows for a prompt decision on whether newly synthesized proteins are fed into OXPHOS assembly or are degraded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Kohler
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden; Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Andreas Carlström
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hendrik Nolte
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Verena Kohler
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sung-Jun Jung
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sagar Sridhara
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Takashi Tatsuta
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Jens Berndtsson
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thomas Langer
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany.
| | - Martin Ott
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden.
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13
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Sun Q, Shi L, Li S, Li J, Zhang R, Huang X, Shao Y, Feng Z, Peng Y, Yang Z, Liu J, Liu H, Long J. PET117 assembly factor stabilizes translation activator TACO1 thereby upregulates mitochondria-encoded cytochrome C oxidase 1 synthesis. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 205:13-24. [PMID: 37247699 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Cytochrome c oxidase, also known as complex IV, facilitates the transfer of electrons from cytochrome c to molecular oxygen, resulting in the production of ATP. The assembly of complex IV is a tightly regulated and intricate process that entails the coordinated synthesis and integration of subunits encoded by the mitochondria and nucleus into a functional complex. Accurate regulation of translation is crucial for maintaining proper mitochondrial function, and defects in this process can lead to a wide range of mitochondrial disorders and diseases. However, the mechanisms governing mRNA translation by mitoribosomes in mammals remain largely unknown. In this study, we elucidate the critical role of PET117, a chaperone protein involved in complex IV assembly, in the regulation of mitochondria-encoded cytochrome c oxidase 1 (COX1) protein synthesis in human cells. Depletion of PET117 reduced mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate and impaired mitochondrial function. PET117 was found to interact with and stabilize translational activator of COX1 (TACO1) and prevent its ubiquitination. TACO1 overexpression rescued the inhibitory effects on mitochondria caused by PET117 deficiency. These findings provide evidence for a novel PET117-TACO1 axis in the regulation of mitochondrial protein expression, and revealed a previously unknown role of PET117 in human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Sun
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Le Shi
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Shuaijun Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Jialu Li
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Ruifen Zhang
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Xinghuai Huang
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Yongping Shao
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Zhihui Feng
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Yunhua Peng
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Zhiwei Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Jiankang Liu
- School of Health and Life Sciences, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China
| | - Huadong Liu
- School of Health and Life Sciences, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China.
| | - Jiangang Long
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China.
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14
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Suga S, Nakamura K, Nakanishi Y, Humbel BM, Kawai H, Hirabayashi Y. An interactive deep learning-based approach reveals mitochondrial cristae topologies. PLoS Biol 2023; 21:e3002246. [PMID: 37651352 PMCID: PMC10470929 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The convolution of membranes called cristae is a critical structural and functional feature of mitochondria. Crista structure is highly diverse between different cell types, reflecting their role in metabolic adaptation. However, their precise three-dimensional (3D) arrangement requires volumetric analysis of serial electron microscopy and has therefore been limiting for unbiased quantitative assessment. Here, we developed a novel, publicly available, deep learning (DL)-based image analysis platform called Python-based human-in-the-loop workflow (PHILOW) implemented with a human-in-the-loop (HITL) algorithm. Analysis of dense, large, and isotropic volumes of focused ion beam-scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM) using PHILOW reveals the complex 3D nanostructure of both inner and outer mitochondrial membranes and provides deep, quantitative, structural features of cristae in a large number of individual mitochondria. This nanometer-scale analysis in micrometer-scale cellular contexts uncovers fundamental parameters of cristae, such as total surface area, orientation, tubular/lamellar cristae ratio, and crista junction density in individual mitochondria. Unbiased clustering analysis of our structural data unraveled a new function for the dynamin-related GTPase Optic Atrophy 1 (OPA1) in regulating the balance between lamellar versus tubular cristae subdomains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shogo Suga
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koki Nakamura
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yu Nakanishi
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Bruno M. Humbel
- Imaging Section, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology (OIST), Okinawa, Japan
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kawai
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Hirabayashi
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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15
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López-Doménech G, Kittler JT. Mitochondrial regulation of local supply of energy in neurons. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2023; 81:102747. [PMID: 37392672 PMCID: PMC11139648 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2023.102747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
Brain computation is metabolically expensive and requires the supply of significant amounts of energy. Mitochondria are highly specialized organelles whose main function is to generate cellular energy. Due to their complex morphologies, neurons are especially dependent on a set of tools necessary to regulate mitochondrial function locally in order to match energy provision with local demands. By regulating mitochondrial transport, neurons control the local availability of mitochondrial mass in response to changes in synaptic activity. Neurons also modulate mitochondrial dynamics locally to adjust metabolic efficiency with energetic demand. Additionally, neurons remove inefficient mitochondria through mitophagy. Neurons coordinate these processes through signalling pathways that couple energetic expenditure with energy availability. When these mechanisms fail, neurons can no longer support brain function giving rise to neuropathological states like metabolic syndromes or neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo López-Doménech
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
| | - Josef T Kittler
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
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16
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Zhai R, Fang B, Lai Y, Peng B, Bai H, Liu X, Li L, Huang W. Small-molecule fluorogenic probes for mitochondrial nanoscale imaging. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:942-972. [PMID: 36514947 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00562j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are inextricably linked to the development of diseases and cell metabolism disorders. Super-resolution imaging (SRI) is crucial in enhancing our understanding of mitochondrial ultrafine structures and functions. In addition to high-precision instruments, super-resolution microscopy relies heavily on fluorescent materials with unique photophysical properties. Small-molecule fluorogenic probes (SMFPs) have excellent properties that make them ideal for mitochondrial SRI. This paper summarizes recent advances in the field of SMFPs, with a focus on the chemical and spectroscopic properties required for mitochondrial SRI. Finally, we discuss future challenges in this field, including the design principles of SMFPs and nanoscopic techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongxiu Zhai
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Bin Fang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China. .,School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Yaqi Lai
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Bo Peng
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Hua Bai
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Xiaowang Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Lin Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China. .,The Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE, Future Technologies), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China. .,The Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE, Future Technologies), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China
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17
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Vahalová P, Cifra M. Biological autoluminescence as a perturbance-free method for monitoring oxidation in biosystems. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 177:80-108. [PMID: 36336139 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2022.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Biological oxidation processes are in the core of life energetics, play an important role in cellular biophysics, physiological cell signaling or cellular pathophysiology. Understanding of biooxidation processes is also crucial for biotechnological applications. Therefore, a plethora of methods has been developed for monitoring oxidation so far, each with distinct advantages and disadvantages. We review here the available methods for monitoring oxidation and their basic characteristics and capabilities. Then we focus on a unique method - the only one that does not require input of additional external energy or chemicals - which employs detection of biological autoluminescence (BAL). We highlight the pros and cons of this method and provide an overview of how BAL can be used to report on various aspects of cellular oxidation processes starting from oxygen consumption to the generation of oxidation products such as carbonyls. This review highlights the application potential of this completely non-invasive and label-free biophotonic diagnostic method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Vahalová
- Institute of Photonics and Electronics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, 18200, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Cifra
- Institute of Photonics and Electronics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, 18200, Czech Republic.
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18
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Albus CA, Berlinguer-Palmini R, Chrzanowska-Lightowlers ZM, Lightowlers RN. Four-Color STED Super-Resolution RNA Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization and Immunocytochemistry to Visualize Mitochondrial mRNAs in Context with Mitochondrial Ribosomes. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2661:303-316. [PMID: 37166644 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3171-3_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
High-resolution imaging has enabled scientists to explore the mitochondrial network at remarkable resolution. This has been exploited to help increase our knowledge of how mitochondrial gene expression is compartmentalized in cultured cells. Here, we provide detailed methodology to simultaneously visualize up to four components including mtDNA-encoded transcripts, submitochondrial marker proteins, mitoribosomal subunits, or core members of the translational apparatus using STED super-resolution nanoscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christin A Albus
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
| | | | - Zofia M Chrzanowska-Lightowlers
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Robert N Lightowlers
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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19
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Oppermann S, Seng K, Shweich L, Friedrich T. The gene order in the nuo-operon is not essential for the assembly of E. coli complex I. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOENERGETICS 2022; 1863:148592. [PMID: 35863511 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2022.148592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Energy-converting NADH: ubiquinone oxidoreductase, respiratory complex I, plays an important role in cellular energy metabolism. Bacterial complex I is generally composed of 14 different subunits, seven of which are membranous and the other seven are globular proteins. They are encoded by the nuo-operon, whose gene order is strictly conserved in bacteria. The operon starts with nuoA encoding a membranous subunit followed by genes encoding globular subunits. To test the idea that NuoA acts as a seed to initiate the assembly of the complex in the membrane, we generated mutants that either lacked nuoA or contain nuoA at a different position within the operon. To enable the detection of putative assembly intermediates, the globular subunit NuoF and the membranous subunit NuoM were individually decorated with the fluorescent protein mCherry. Deletion of nuoA led to the assembly of an inactive complex in the membrane containing NuoF and NuoM. Re-arrangement of nuoA within the nuo-operon led to a slightly diminished amount of complex I in the membrane that was fully active. Thus, nuoA but not its distinct position in the operon is required for the assembly of E. coli complex I. Furthermore, we detected a previously unknown assembly intermediate in the membrane containing NuoM that is present in greater amounts than complex I.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Oppermann
- Institut für Biochemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - K Seng
- Institut für Biochemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - L Shweich
- Institut für Biochemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - T Friedrich
- Institut für Biochemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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20
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Gottschalk B, Koshenov Z, Waldeck-Weiermair M, Radulović S, Oflaz FE, Hirtl M, Bachkoenig OA, Leitinger G, Malli R, Graier WF. MICU1 controls spatial membrane potential gradients and guides Ca 2+ fluxes within mitochondrial substructures. Commun Biol 2022; 5:649. [PMID: 35778442 PMCID: PMC9249747 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03606-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial ultrastructure represents a pinnacle of form and function, with the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM) forming isolated pockets of cristae membrane (CM), separated from the inner-boundary membrane (IBM) by cristae junctions (CJ). Applying structured illumination and electron microscopy, a novel and fundamental function of MICU1 in mediating Ca2+ control over spatial membrane potential gradients (SMPGs) between CM and IMS was identified. We unveiled alterations of SMPGs by transient CJ openings when Ca2+ binds to MICU1 resulting in spatial cristae depolarization. This Ca2+/MICU1-mediated plasticity of the CJ further provides the mechanistic bedrock of the biphasic mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake kinetics via the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter (MCU) during intracellular Ca2+ release: Initially, high Ca2+ opens CJ via Ca2+/MICU1 and allows instant Ca2+ uptake across the CM through constantly active MCU. Second, MCU disseminates into the IBM, thus establishing Ca2+ uptake across the IBM that circumvents the CM. Under the condition of MICU1 methylation by PRMT1 in aging or cancer, UCP2 that binds to methylated MICU1 destabilizes CJ, disrupts SMPGs, and facilitates fast Ca2+ uptake via the CM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Gottschalk
- grid.11598.340000 0000 8988 2476Gottfried Schatz Research Center: Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Zhanat Koshenov
- grid.11598.340000 0000 8988 2476Gottfried Schatz Research Center: Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Markus Waldeck-Weiermair
- grid.11598.340000 0000 8988 2476Gottfried Schatz Research Center: Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Snježana Radulović
- grid.11598.340000 0000 8988 2476Gottfried Schatz Research Center: Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Furkan E. Oflaz
- grid.11598.340000 0000 8988 2476Gottfried Schatz Research Center: Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Martin Hirtl
- grid.11598.340000 0000 8988 2476Gottfried Schatz Research Center: Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Olaf A. Bachkoenig
- grid.11598.340000 0000 8988 2476Gottfried Schatz Research Center: Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Gerd Leitinger
- grid.11598.340000 0000 8988 2476Gottfried Schatz Research Center: Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Roland Malli
- grid.11598.340000 0000 8988 2476Gottfried Schatz Research Center: Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria ,grid.452216.6BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Wolfgang F. Graier
- grid.11598.340000 0000 8988 2476Gottfried Schatz Research Center: Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria ,grid.452216.6BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria
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21
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Friedman JR. Mitochondria from the Outside in: The Relationship Between Inter-Organelle Crosstalk and Mitochondrial Internal Organization. CONTACT (THOUSAND OAKS (VENTURA COUNTY, CALIF.)) 2022; 5:10.1177/25152564221133267. [PMID: 36329759 PMCID: PMC9629538 DOI: 10.1177/25152564221133267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A fundamental role of membrane-bound organelles is the compartmentalization and organization of cellular processes. Mitochondria perform an immense number of metabolic chemical reactions and to efficiently regulate these, the organelle organizes its inner membrane into distinct morphological domains, including its characteristic cristae membranes. In recent years, a structural feature of increasing apparent importance is the inter-connection between the mitochondrial exterior and other organelles at membrane contact sites (MCSs). Mitochondria form MCSs with almost every other organelle in the cell, including the endoplasmic reticulum, lipid droplets, and lysosomes, to coordinate global cellular metabolism with mitochondrial metabolism. However, these MCSs not only facilitate the transport of metabolites between organelles, but also directly impinge on the physical shape and functional organization inside mitochondria. In this review, we highlight recent advances in our understanding of how physical connections between other organelles and mitochondria both directly and indirectly influence the internal architecture of mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan R Friedman
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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22
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Wu C, Zhang Z, Zhang W, Liu X. Mitochondrial dysfunction and mitochondrial therapies in heart failure. Pharmacol Res 2021; 175:106038. [PMID: 34929300 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.106038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of death worldwide in the last decade, accompanied by immense health and economic burdens. Heart failure (HF), as the terminal stage of many cardiovascular diseases, is a common, intractable, and costly medical condition. Despite significant improvements in pharmacologic and device therapies over the years, life expectancy for this disease remains poor. Current therapies have not reversed the trends in morbidity and mortality as expected. Thus, there is an urgent need for novel potential therapeutic agents. Although the pathophysiology of the failing heart is extraordinarily complex, targeting mitochondrial dysfunction can be an effective approach for potential treatment. Increasing evidence has shown that mitochondrial abnormalities, including altered metabolic substrate utilization, impaired mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, and aberrant mitochondrial dynamics, are closely related to HF. Here, we reviewed the findings on the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in HF, along with novel mitochondrial therapeutics and their pharmacological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chennan Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weidong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xia Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
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23
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Morgenstern M, Peikert CD, Lübbert P, Suppanz I, Klemm C, Alka O, Steiert C, Naumenko N, Schendzielorz A, Melchionda L, Mühlhäuser WWD, Knapp B, Busch JD, Stiller SB, Dannenmaier S, Lindau C, Licheva M, Eickhorst C, Galbusera R, Zerbes RM, Ryan MT, Kraft C, Kozjak-Pavlovic V, Drepper F, Dennerlein S, Oeljeklaus S, Pfanner N, Wiedemann N, Warscheid B. Quantitative high-confidence human mitochondrial proteome and its dynamics in cellular context. Cell Metab 2021; 33:2464-2483.e18. [PMID: 34800366 PMCID: PMC8664129 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2021.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are key organelles for cellular energetics, metabolism, signaling, and quality control and have been linked to various diseases. Different views exist on the composition of the human mitochondrial proteome. We classified >8,000 proteins in mitochondrial preparations of human cells and defined a mitochondrial high-confidence proteome of >1,100 proteins (MitoCoP). We identified interactors of translocases, respiratory chain, and ATP synthase assembly factors. The abundance of MitoCoP proteins covers six orders of magnitude and amounts to 7% of the cellular proteome with the chaperones HSP60-HSP10 being the most abundant mitochondrial proteins. MitoCoP dynamics spans three orders of magnitudes, with half-lives from hours to months, and suggests a rapid regulation of biosynthesis and assembly processes. 460 MitoCoP genes are linked to human diseases with a strong prevalence for the central nervous system and metabolism. MitoCoP will provide a high-confidence resource for placing dynamics, functions, and dysfunctions of mitochondria into the cellular context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Morgenstern
- Institute of Biology II, Biochemistry and Functional Proteomics, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christian D Peikert
- Institute of Biology II, Biochemistry and Functional Proteomics, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Philipp Lübbert
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ida Suppanz
- Institute of Biology II, Biochemistry and Functional Proteomics, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Cinzia Klemm
- Institute of Biology II, Biochemistry and Functional Proteomics, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Alka
- Institute of Biology II, Biochemistry and Functional Proteomics, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Conny Steiert
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nataliia Naumenko
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Alexander Schendzielorz
- Institute of Biology II, Biochemistry and Functional Proteomics, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Laura Melchionda
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; CIBSS Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Wignand W D Mühlhäuser
- Institute of Biology II, Biochemistry and Functional Proteomics, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bettina Knapp
- Institute of Biology II, Biochemistry and Functional Proteomics, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jakob D Busch
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian B Stiller
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Dannenmaier
- Institute of Biology II, Biochemistry and Functional Proteomics, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Caroline Lindau
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Mariya Licheva
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christopher Eickhorst
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Riccardo Galbusera
- Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research and Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ralf M Zerbes
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Michael T Ryan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, 3800 Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Claudine Kraft
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; CIBSS Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Vera Kozjak-Pavlovic
- Department of Microbiology, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Friedel Drepper
- Institute of Biology II, Biochemistry and Functional Proteomics, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sven Dennerlein
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Silke Oeljeklaus
- Institute of Biology II, Biochemistry and Functional Proteomics, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nikolaus Pfanner
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; CIBSS Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nils Wiedemann
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; CIBSS Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Bettina Warscheid
- Institute of Biology II, Biochemistry and Functional Proteomics, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; CIBSS Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany.
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24
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Rieger B, Arroum T, Borowski M, Villalta J, Busch KB. Mitochondrial F 1 F O ATP synthase determines the local proton motive force at cristae rims. EMBO Rep 2021; 22:e52727. [PMID: 34595823 PMCID: PMC8647149 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202152727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The classical view of oxidative phosphorylation is that a proton motive force (PMF) generated by the respiratory chain complexes fuels ATP synthesis via ATP synthase. Yet, under glycolytic conditions, ATP synthase in its reverse mode also can contribute to the PMF. Here, we dissected these two functions of ATP synthase and the role of its inhibitory factor 1 (IF1) under different metabolic conditions. pH profiles of mitochondrial sub-compartments were recorded with high spatial resolution in live mammalian cells by positioning a pH sensor directly at ATP synthase's F1 and FO subunits, complex IV and in the matrix. Our results clearly show that ATP synthase activity substantially controls the PMF and that IF1 is essential under OXPHOS conditions to prevent reverse ATP synthase activity due to an almost negligible ΔpH. In addition, we show how this changes lateral, transmembrane, and radial pH gradients in glycolytic and respiratory cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bettina Rieger
- Institute of Molecular Cell BiologySchool of BiologyUniversity of MünsterMünsterGermany
| | - Tasnim Arroum
- Institute of Molecular Cell BiologySchool of BiologyUniversity of MünsterMünsterGermany
| | - Marie‐Theres Borowski
- Institute of Molecular Cell BiologySchool of BiologyUniversity of MünsterMünsterGermany
| | - Jimmy Villalta
- Institute of Molecular Cell BiologySchool of BiologyUniversity of MünsterMünsterGermany
| | - Karin B Busch
- Institute of Molecular Cell BiologySchool of BiologyUniversity of MünsterMünsterGermany
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25
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Wang H, Zhang H, Wang Y, Brown ZJ, Xia Y, Huang Z, Shen C, Hu Z, Beane J, Ansa-Addo EA, Huang H, Tian D, Tsung A. Regulatory T-cell and neutrophil extracellular trap interaction contributes to carcinogenesis in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. J Hepatol 2021; 75:1271-1283. [PMID: 34363921 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2021.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Regulatory T-cells (Tregs) impair cancer immunosurveillance by creating an immunosuppressive environment that fosters tumor cell survival. Our previous findings demonstrated that neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), which are involved both in innate and adaptive immunity, are abundant in livers affected by non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). However, how NETs interact with Tregs in the development of NASH-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (NASH-HCC) is not known. METHODS A choline-deficient, high-fat diet+diethylnitrosamine mouse model and the stelic animal model were utilized for NASH-HCC and a western diet mouse model was used for NASH development. Treg depletion was achieved using FoxP3-DTR mice. RNA sequencing was used to explore the mechanism by which NETs could regulate Treg differentiation. Bioenergetic analyses of naïve CD4+ T-cells were assessed by Seahorse. RESULTS Although the absolute number of CD4+ T-cells is lower in NASH livers, the Treg subpopulation is selectively increased. Depleting Tregs dramatically inhibits HCC initiation and progression in NASH. There is a positive correlation between increased NET and hepatic Treg levels. RNA sequencing data reveals that NETs impact gene expression profiles in naïve CD4+ T-cells, with the most differentially expressed genes being those involved in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. By facilitating mitochondrial respiration, NETs can promote Treg differentiation. Metabolic reprogramming of naïve CD4+ T-cells by NETs requires toll-like receptor 4. Blockade of NETs in vivo using Pad4-/- mice or DNase I treatment reduces the activity of Tregs. CONCLUSIONS Tregs can suppress immunosurveillance in the premalignant stages of NASH. NETs facilitate the crosstalk between innate and adaptive immunity in NASH by promoting Treg activity through metabolic reprogramming. Therapies targeting NETs and Treg interactions could offer a potential strategy for preventing HCC in patients with NASH. LAY SUMMARY Regulatory T-cells (Tregs) can promote tumor development by suppressing cancer immunosurveillance, but their role in carcinogenesis during non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) progression is unknown. Herein, we discovered that selectively increased intrahepatic Tregs can promote an immunosuppressive environment in NASH livers. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) link innate and adaptive immunity by promoting Treg differentiation via metabolic reprogramming of naïve CD4+ T-cells. This mechanism could be targeted to prevent liver cancer in patients with NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Wang
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hongji Zhang
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Yu Wang
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Institute of Pathology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zachary J Brown
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Yujia Xia
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zheng Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Chengli Shen
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Zhiwei Hu
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Joal Beane
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ephraim A Ansa-Addo
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology and Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Hai Huang
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Dean Tian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Allan Tsung
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
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26
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Abstract
Mitochondria are complex organelles with two membranes. Their architecture is determined by characteristic folds of the inner membrane, termed cristae. Recent studies in yeast and other organisms led to the identification of four major pathways that cooperate to shape cristae membranes. These include dimer formation of the mitochondrial ATP synthase, assembly of the mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system (MICOS), inner membrane remodelling by a dynamin-related GTPase (Mgm1/OPA1), and modulation of the mitochondrial lipid composition. In this review, we describe the function of the evolutionarily conserved machineries involved in mitochondrial cristae biogenesis with a focus on yeast and present current models to explain how their coordinated activities establish mitochondrial membrane architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Till Klecker
- Institut für Zellbiologie, Universität Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
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27
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Iovine JC, Claypool SM, Alder NN. Mitochondrial compartmentalization: emerging themes in structure and function. Trends Biochem Sci 2021; 46:902-917. [PMID: 34244035 PMCID: PMC11008732 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2021.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Within cellular structures, compartmentalization is the concept of spatial segregation of macromolecules, metabolites, and biochemical pathways. Therefore, this concept bridges organellar structure and function. Mitochondria are morphologically complex, partitioned into several subcompartments by a topologically elaborate two-membrane system. They are also dynamically polymorphic, undergoing morphogenesis events with an extent and frequency that is only now being appreciated. Thus, mitochondrial compartmentalization is something that must be considered both spatially and temporally. Here, we review new developments in how mitochondrial structure is established and regulated, the factors that underpin the distribution of lipids and proteins, and how they spatially demarcate locations of myriad mitochondrial processes. Consistent with its pre-eminence, disturbed mitochondrial compartmentalization contributes to the dysfunction associated with heritable and aging-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph C Iovine
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Steven M Claypool
- Department of Physiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Nathan N Alder
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
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28
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Albus CA, Berlinguer-Palmini R, Hewison C, McFarlane F, Savu EA, Lightowlers RN, Chrzanowska-Lightowlers ZM, Zorkau M. Mitochondrial Translation Occurs Preferentially in the Peri-Nuclear Mitochondrial Network of Cultured Human Cells. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10101050. [PMID: 34681149 PMCID: PMC8533480 DOI: 10.3390/biology10101050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Human mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles, fusing and budding to maintain reticular networks throughout many cell types. Although extending to the extremities of the cell, the majority of the network is concentrated around the nucleus in most of the commonly cultured cell lines. This organelle harbours its own genome, mtDNA, with a different gene content to the nucleus, but the expression of which is critical for maintaining oxidative phosphorylation. Recent advances in click chemistry have allowed us to visualise sites of mitochondrial protein synthesis in intact cultured cells. We show that the majority of translation occurs in the peri-nuclear region of the network. Further analysis reveals that whilst there is a slight peri-nuclear enrichment in the levels of mitoribosomal protein and mitochondrial rRNA, it is not sufficient to explain this substantial heterogeneity in the distribution of translation. Finally, we also show that in contrast, a mitochondrial mRNA does not show such a distinct gradient in distribution. These data suggest that the relative lack of translation in the peripheral mitochondrial network is not due to an absence of mitoribosomes or an insufficient supply of the mt-mRNA transcripts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christin A. Albus
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; (R.N.L.); (Z.M.C.-L.)
- Correspondence: (C.A.A.); (M.Z.); Tel.: +44-191208-8454 (C.A.A. & M.Z.)
| | | | - Caroline Hewison
- School of Biomedical, Nutritional, and Sport Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; (C.H.); (F.M.); (E.-A.S.)
| | - Fiona McFarlane
- School of Biomedical, Nutritional, and Sport Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; (C.H.); (F.M.); (E.-A.S.)
| | - Elisabeta-Ana Savu
- School of Biomedical, Nutritional, and Sport Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; (C.H.); (F.M.); (E.-A.S.)
| | - Robert N. Lightowlers
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; (R.N.L.); (Z.M.C.-L.)
| | - Zofia M. Chrzanowska-Lightowlers
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; (R.N.L.); (Z.M.C.-L.)
| | - Matthew Zorkau
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; (R.N.L.); (Z.M.C.-L.)
- Correspondence: (C.A.A.); (M.Z.); Tel.: +44-191208-8454 (C.A.A. & M.Z.)
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29
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Mapping protein interactions in the active TOM-TIM23 supercomplex. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5715. [PMID: 34588454 PMCID: PMC8481542 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26016-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear-encoded mitochondrial proteins destined for the matrix have to be transported across two membranes. The TOM and TIM23 complexes facilitate the transport of precursor proteins with N-terminal targeting signals into the matrix. During transport, precursors are recognized by the TIM23 complex in the inner membrane for handover from the TOM complex. However, we have little knowledge on the organization of the TOM-TIM23 transition zone and on how precursor transfer between the translocases occurs. Here, we have designed a precursor protein that is stalled during matrix transport in a TOM-TIM23-spanning manner and enables purification of the translocation intermediate. Combining chemical cross-linking with mass spectrometric analyses and structural modeling allows us to map the molecular environment of the intermembrane space interface of TOM and TIM23 as well as the import motor interactions with amino acid resolution. Our analyses provide a framework for understanding presequence handover and translocation during matrix protein transport. The TOM and TIM23 complexes facilitate the transport of nuclear-encoded proteins into the mitochondrial matrix. Here, the authors use a stalled client protein to purify the translocation supercomplex and gain insight into the TOM-TIM23 interface and the mechanism of protein handover from the TOM to the TIM23 complex.
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30
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Jakubke C, Roussou R, Maiser A, Schug C, Thoma F, Bunk D, Hörl D, Leonhardt H, Walter P, Klecker T, Osman C. Cristae-dependent quality control of the mitochondrial genome. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabi8886. [PMID: 34516914 PMCID: PMC8442932 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abi8886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial genomes (mtDNA) encode essential subunits of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Mutations in mtDNA can cause a shortage in cellular energy supply, which can lead to numerous mitochondrial diseases. How cells secure mtDNA integrity over generations has remained unanswered. Here, we show that the single-celled yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae can intracellularly distinguish between functional and defective mtDNA and promote generation of daughter cells with increasingly healthy mtDNA content. Purifying selection for functional mtDNA occurs in a continuous mitochondrial network and does not require mitochondrial fission but necessitates stable mitochondrial subdomains that depend on intact cristae morphology. Our findings support a model in which cristae-dependent proximity between mtDNA and the proteins it encodes creates a spatial “sphere of influence,” which links a lack of functional fitness to clearance of defective mtDNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Jakubke
- Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilian-Universität München, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- Graduate School Life Science Munich, Planegg, Germany
| | - Rodaria Roussou
- Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilian-Universität München, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- Graduate School Life Science Munich, Planegg, Germany
| | - Andreas Maiser
- Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilian-Universität München, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | | | - Felix Thoma
- Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilian-Universität München, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- Graduate School Life Science Munich, Planegg, Germany
| | - David Bunk
- Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilian-Universität München, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - David Hörl
- Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilian-Universität München, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Heinrich Leonhardt
- Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilian-Universität München, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Peter Walter
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Till Klecker
- Zellbiologie, Universität Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Christof Osman
- Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilian-Universität München, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
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31
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Cardiolipin, Non-Bilayer Structures and Mitochondrial Bioenergetics: Relevance to Cardiovascular Disease. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071721. [PMID: 34359891 PMCID: PMC8304834 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The present review is an attempt to conceptualize a contemporary understanding about the roles that cardiolipin, a mitochondrial specific conical phospholipid, and non-bilayer structures, predominantly found in the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM), play in mitochondrial bioenergetics. This review outlines the link between changes in mitochondrial cardiolipin concentration and changes in mitochondrial bioenergetics, including changes in the IMM curvature and surface area, cristae density and architecture, efficiency of electron transport chain (ETC), interaction of ETC proteins, oligomerization of respiratory complexes, and mitochondrial ATP production. A relationship between cardiolipin decline in IMM and mitochondrial dysfunction leading to various diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, is thoroughly presented. Particular attention is paid to the targeting of cardiolipin by Szeto–Schiller tetrapeptides, which leads to rejuvenation of important mitochondrial activities in dysfunctional and aging mitochondria. The role of cardiolipin in triggering non-bilayer structures and the functional roles of non-bilayer structures in energy-converting membranes are reviewed. The latest studies on non-bilayer structures induced by cobra venom peptides are examined in model and mitochondrial membranes, including studies on how non-bilayer structures modulate mitochondrial activities. A mechanism by which non-bilayer compartments are formed in the apex of cristae and by which non-bilayer compartments facilitate ATP synthase dimerization and ATP production is also presented.
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Palmer CS, Lou J, Kouskousis B, Pandzic E, Anderson AJ, Kang Y, Hinde E, Stojanovski D. Super-resolution microscopy reveals the arrangement of inner membrane protein complexes in mammalian mitochondria. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:jcs252197. [PMID: 34313317 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.252197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrial inner membrane is a protein-rich environment containing large multimeric complexes, including complexes of the mitochondrial electron transport chain, mitochondrial translocases and quality control machineries. Although the inner membrane is highly proteinaceous, with 40-60% of all mitochondrial proteins localised to this compartment, little is known about the spatial distribution and organisation of complexes in this environment. We set out to survey the arrangement of inner membrane complexes using stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM). We reveal that subunits of the TIM23 complex, TIM23 and TIM44 (also known as TIMM23 and TIMM44, respectively), and the complex IV subunit COXIV, form organised clusters and show properties distinct from the outer membrane protein TOM20 (also known as TOMM20). Density based cluster analysis indicated a bimodal distribution of TIM44 that is distinct from TIM23, suggesting distinct TIM23 subcomplexes. COXIV is arranged in larger clusters that are disrupted upon disruption of complex IV assembly. Thus, STORM super-resolution microscopy is a powerful tool for examining the nanoscale distribution of mitochondrial inner membrane complexes, providing a 'visual' approach for obtaining pivotal information on how mitochondrial complexes exist in a cellular context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine S Palmer
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology and The Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Jieqiong Lou
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology and The Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
- School of Physics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Betty Kouskousis
- Macfarlane Burnet Institute for Medical Research and Public Health, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
- Monash Micro Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Elvis Pandzic
- Biomedical Imaging Facility, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Alexander J Anderson
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology and The Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Yilin Kang
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology and The Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Hinde
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology and The Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
- School of Physics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Diana Stojanovski
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology and The Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
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High-resolution imaging reveals compartmentalization of mitochondrial protein synthesis in cultured human cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2008778118. [PMID: 33526660 PMCID: PMC8017971 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2008778118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In mitochondria from various species, the OXPHOS complexes reside mainly in the invaginated cristae membranes, as opposed to the inner boundary membrane (IBM) that parallels the mitochondrial outer membrane. However, the IBM contains dynamic contact sites enriched for translocases that import proteins from the cytosol. As the majority of OXPHOS components are imported and need to be integrated in assembly with the mtDNA-encoded components, where does intramitochondrial translation occur? Here we report: 1) a method for visualizing protein synthesis in human mitochondria at super resolution; 2) that synthesis is enriched at cristae membranes, in preference to the IBM; and 3) that sites of translation are spatially separated from RNA granules where RNA processing, maturation, and mitoribosomal assembly occur. Human mitochondria contain their own genome, mitochondrial DNA, that is expressed in the mitochondrial matrix. This genome encodes 13 vital polypeptides that are components of the multisubunit complexes that couple oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). The inner mitochondrial membrane that houses these complexes comprises the inner boundary membrane that runs parallel to the outer membrane, infoldings that form the cristae membranes, and the cristae junctions that separate the two. It is in these cristae membranes that the OXPHOS complexes have been shown to reside in various species. The majority of the OXPHOS subunits are nuclear-encoded and must therefore be imported from the cytosol through the outer membrane at contact sites with the inner boundary membrane. As the mitochondrially encoded components are also integral members of these complexes, where does protein synthesis occur? As transcription, mRNA processing, maturation, and at least part of the mitoribosome assembly process occur at the nucleoid and the spatially juxtaposed mitochondrial RNA granules, is protein synthesis also performed at the RNA granules close to these entities, or does it occur distal to these sites? We have adapted a click chemistry-based method coupled with stimulated emission depletion nanoscopy to address these questions. We report that, in human cells in culture, within the limits of our methodology, the majority of mitochondrial protein synthesis is detected at the cristae membranes and is spatially separated from the sites of RNA processing and maturation.
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Le Vasseur M, Friedman J, Jost M, Xu J, Yamada J, Kampmann M, Horlbeck MA, Salemi MR, Phinney BS, Weissman JS, Nunnari J. Genome-wide CRISPRi screening identifies OCIAD1 as a prohibitin client and regulatory determinant of mitochondrial Complex III assembly in human cells. eLife 2021; 10:67624. [PMID: 34034859 PMCID: PMC8154037 DOI: 10.7554/elife.67624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysfunction of the mitochondrial electron transport chain (mETC) is a major cause of human mitochondrial diseases. To identify determinants of mETC function, we screened a genome-wide human CRISPRi library under oxidative metabolic conditions with selective inhibition of mitochondrial Complex III and identified ovarian carcinoma immunoreactive antigen (OCIA) domain-containing protein 1 (OCIAD1) as a Complex III assembly factor. We find that OCIAD1 is an inner mitochondrial membrane protein that forms a complex with supramolecular prohibitin assemblies. Our data indicate that OCIAD1 is required for maintenance of normal steady-state levels of Complex III and the proteolytic processing of the catalytic subunit cytochrome c1 (CYC1). In OCIAD1 depleted mitochondria, unprocessed CYC1 is hemylated and incorporated into Complex III. We propose that OCIAD1 acts as an adaptor within prohibitin assemblies to stabilize and/or chaperone CYC1 and to facilitate its proteolytic processing by the IMMP2L protease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxence Le Vasseur
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Biological Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, United States
| | - Jonathan Friedman
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Biological Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, United States.,Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Marco Jost
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, United States.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, United States.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Jiawei Xu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Biological Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, United States
| | - Justin Yamada
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Biological Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, United States
| | - Martin Kampmann
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, United States.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, United States.,Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, United States.,Chan-Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, United States
| | - Max A Horlbeck
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, United States.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Michelle R Salemi
- Proteomics Core Facility, University of California, Davis, Davis, United States
| | - Brett S Phinney
- Proteomics Core Facility, University of California, Davis, Davis, United States
| | - Jonathan S Weissman
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, United States.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, United States.,Whitehead Institute, Cambridge, United States.,Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States
| | - Jodi Nunnari
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Biological Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, United States
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Zou W, Chen Q, Slone J, Yang L, Lou X, Diao J, Huang T. Nanoscopic quantification of sub-mitochondrial morphology, mitophagy and mitochondrial dynamics in living cells derived from patients with mitochondrial diseases. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:136. [PMID: 33985528 PMCID: PMC8120746 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-00882-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
SLC25A46 mutations have been found to lead to mitochondrial hyper-fusion and reduced mitochondrial respiratory function, which results in optic atrophy, cerebellar atrophy, and other clinical symptoms of mitochondrial disease. However, it is generally believed that mitochondrial fusion is attributable to increased mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), which is inconsistent with the decreased OXPHOS of highly-fused mitochondria observed in previous studies. In this paper, we have used the live-cell nanoscope to observe and quantify the structure of mitochondrial cristae, and the behavior of mitochondria and lysosomes in patient-derived SLC25A46 mutant fibroblasts. The results show that the cristae have been markedly damaged in the mutant fibroblasts, but there is no corresponding increase in mitophagy. This study suggests that severely damaged mitochondrial cristae might be the predominant cause of reduced OXPHOS in SLC25A46 mutant fibroblasts. This study demonstrates the utility of nanoscope-based imaging for realizing the sub-mitochondrial morphology, mitophagy and mitochondrial dynamics in living cells, which may be particularly valuable for the quick evaluation of pathogenesis of mitochondrial morphological abnormalities. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zou
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Qixin Chen
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA.,Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250062, China
| | - Jesse Slone
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA
| | - Li Yang
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoting Lou
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA.,School of Laboratory Medicine and Life sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiajie Diao
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA.
| | - Taosheng Huang
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA. .,Department of Pediatrics, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA.
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36
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Needs HI, Protasoni M, Henley JM, Prudent J, Collinson I, Pereira GC. Interplay between Mitochondrial Protein Import and Respiratory Complexes Assembly in Neuronal Health and Degeneration. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:432. [PMID: 34064758 PMCID: PMC8151517 DOI: 10.3390/life11050432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The fact that >99% of mitochondrial proteins are encoded by the nuclear genome and synthesised in the cytosol renders the process of mitochondrial protein import fundamental for normal organelle physiology. In addition to this, the nuclear genome comprises most of the proteins required for respiratory complex assembly and function. This means that without fully functional protein import, mitochondrial respiration will be defective, and the major cellular ATP source depleted. When mitochondrial protein import is impaired, a number of stress response pathways are activated in order to overcome the dysfunction and restore mitochondrial and cellular proteostasis. However, prolonged impaired mitochondrial protein import and subsequent defective respiratory chain function contributes to a number of diseases including primary mitochondrial diseases and neurodegeneration. This review focuses on how the processes of mitochondrial protein translocation and respiratory complex assembly and function are interlinked, how they are regulated, and their importance in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hope I. Needs
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK; (H.I.N.); (J.M.H.)
| | - Margherita Protasoni
- Medical Research Council-Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK; (M.P.); (J.P.)
| | - Jeremy M. Henley
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK; (H.I.N.); (J.M.H.)
- Centre for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Julien Prudent
- Medical Research Council-Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK; (M.P.); (J.P.)
| | - Ian Collinson
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK; (H.I.N.); (J.M.H.)
| | - Gonçalo C. Pereira
- Medical Research Council-Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK; (M.P.); (J.P.)
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Tirrell PS, Nguyen KN, Luby-Phelps K, Friedman JR. MICOS subcomplexes assemble independently on the mitochondrial inner membrane in proximity to ER contact sites. J Cell Biol 2021; 219:211445. [PMID: 33053165 PMCID: PMC7545361 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202003024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
MICOS is a conserved multisubunit complex that localizes to mitochondrial cristae junctions and organizes cristae positioning within the organelle. MICOS is organized into two independent subcomplexes; however, the mechanisms that dictate the assembly and spatial positioning of each MICOS subcomplex are poorly understood. Here, we determine that MICOS subcomplexes target independently of one another to sites on the inner mitochondrial membrane that are in proximity to contact sites between mitochondria and the ER. One subcomplex, composed of Mic27/Mic26/Mic10/Mic12, requires ERMES complex function for its assembly. In contrast, the principal MICOS component, Mic60, self-assembles and localizes in close proximity to the ER through an independent mechanism. We also find that Mic60 can uniquely redistribute adjacent to forced mitochondria-vacuole contact sites. Our data suggest that nonoverlapping properties of interorganelle contact sites provide spatial cues that enable MICOS assembly and ultimately lead to proper physical and functional organization of mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parker S Tirrell
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Kailey N Nguyen
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Katherine Luby-Phelps
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Jonathan R Friedman
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
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38
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Tameling C, Stoldt S, Stephan T, Naas J, Jakobs S, Munk A. Colocalization for super-resolution microscopy via optimal transport. NATURE COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE 2021; 1:199-211. [PMID: 35874932 PMCID: PMC7613136 DOI: 10.1038/s43588-021-00050-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Super-resolution fluorescence microscopy is a widely used technique in cell biology. Stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy enables the recording of multiple-color images with subdiffraction resolution. The enhanced resolution leads to new challenges regarding colocalization analysis of macromolecule distributions. We demonstrate that well-established methods for the analysis of colocalization in diffraction-limited datasets and for coordinate-stochastic nanoscopy are not equally well suited for the analysis of high-resolution STED images. We propose optimal transport colocalization, which measures the minimal transporting cost below a given spatial scale to match two protein intensity distributions. Its validity on simulated data as well as on dual-color STED recordings of yeast and mammalian cells is demonstrated. We also extend the optimal transport colocalization methodology to coordinate-stochastic nanoscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Tameling
- Institute for Mathematical Stochastics, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Stefan Stoldt
- Department of NanoBiophotonics, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Till Stephan
- Department of NanoBiophotonics, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Julia Naas
- Institute for Mathematical Stochastics, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Stefan Jakobs
- Department of NanoBiophotonics, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Axel Munk
- Institute for Mathematical Stochastics, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Felix Bernstein Institute for Mathematical Statistics in the Biosciences, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Max Planck Fellow Group Statistical Inverse Problems in Biophysics, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany
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Čunátová K, Reguera DP, Vrbacký M, Fernández-Vizarra E, Ding S, Fearnley IM, Zeviani M, Houštěk J, Mráček T, Pecina P. Loss of COX4I1 Leads to Combined Respiratory Chain Deficiency and Impaired Mitochondrial Protein Synthesis. Cells 2021; 10:369. [PMID: 33578848 PMCID: PMC7916595 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) system localized in the inner mitochondrial membrane secures production of the majority of ATP in mammalian organisms. Individual OXPHOS complexes form supramolecular assemblies termed supercomplexes. The complexes are linked not only by their function but also by interdependency of individual complex biogenesis or maintenance. For instance, cytochrome c oxidase (cIV) or cytochrome bc1 complex (cIII) deficiencies affect the level of fully assembled NADH dehydrogenase (cI) in monomeric as well as supercomplex forms. It was hypothesized that cI is affected at the level of enzyme assembly as well as at the level of cI stability and maintenance. However, the true nature of interdependency between cI and cIV is not fully understood yet. We used a HEK293 cellular model where the COX4 subunit was completely knocked out, serving as an ideal system to study interdependency of cI and cIV, as early phases of cIV assembly process were disrupted. Total absence of cIV was accompanied by profound deficiency of cI, documented by decrease in the levels of cI subunits and significantly reduced amount of assembled cI. Supercomplexes assembled from cI, cIII, and cIV were missing in COX4I1 knock-out (KO) due to loss of cIV and decrease in cI amount. Pulse-chase metabolic labeling of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)-encoded proteins uncovered a decrease in the translation of cIV and cI subunits. Moreover, partial impairment of mitochondrial protein synthesis correlated with decreased content of mitochondrial ribosomal proteins. In addition, complexome profiling revealed accumulation of cI assembly intermediates, indicating that cI biogenesis, rather than stability, was affected. We propose that attenuation of mitochondrial protein synthesis caused by cIV deficiency represents one of the mechanisms, which may impair biogenesis of cI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristýna Čunátová
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics, Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (K.Č.); (D.P.R.); (M.V.); (J.H.)
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - David Pajuelo Reguera
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics, Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (K.Č.); (D.P.R.); (M.V.); (J.H.)
| | - Marek Vrbacký
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics, Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (K.Č.); (D.P.R.); (M.V.); (J.H.)
| | - Erika Fernández-Vizarra
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK; (E.F.-V.); (S.D.); (I.M.F.); (M.Z.)
| | - Shujing Ding
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK; (E.F.-V.); (S.D.); (I.M.F.); (M.Z.)
| | - Ian M. Fearnley
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK; (E.F.-V.); (S.D.); (I.M.F.); (M.Z.)
| | - Massimo Zeviani
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK; (E.F.-V.); (S.D.); (I.M.F.); (M.Z.)
| | - Josef Houštěk
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics, Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (K.Č.); (D.P.R.); (M.V.); (J.H.)
| | - Tomáš Mráček
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics, Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (K.Č.); (D.P.R.); (M.V.); (J.H.)
| | - Petr Pecina
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics, Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (K.Č.); (D.P.R.); (M.V.); (J.H.)
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40
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Mitochondrial Structure and Bioenergetics in Normal and Disease Conditions. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020586. [PMID: 33435522 PMCID: PMC7827222 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are ubiquitous intracellular organelles found in almost all eukaryotes and involved in various aspects of cellular life, with a primary role in energy production. The interest in this organelle has grown stronger with the discovery of their link to various pathologies, including cancer, aging and neurodegenerative diseases. Indeed, dysfunctional mitochondria cannot provide the required energy to tissues with a high-energy demand, such as heart, brain and muscles, leading to a large spectrum of clinical phenotypes. Mitochondrial defects are at the origin of a group of clinically heterogeneous pathologies, called mitochondrial diseases, with an incidence of 1 in 5000 live births. Primary mitochondrial diseases are associated with genetic mutations both in nuclear and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), affecting genes involved in every aspect of the organelle function. As a consequence, it is difficult to find a common cause for mitochondrial diseases and, subsequently, to offer a precise clinical definition of the pathology. Moreover, the complexity of this condition makes it challenging to identify possible therapies or drug targets.
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41
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Crooks DR, Maio N, Lang M, Ricketts CJ, Vocke CD, Gurram S, Turan S, Kim YY, Cawthon GM, Sohelian F, De Val N, Pfeiffer RM, Jailwala P, Tandon M, Tran B, Fan TWM, Lane AN, Ried T, Wangsa D, Malayeri AA, Merino MJ, Yang Y, Meier JL, Ball MW, Rouault TA, Srinivasan R, Linehan WM. Mitochondrial DNA alterations underlie an irreversible shift to aerobic glycolysis in fumarate hydratase-deficient renal cancer. Sci Signal 2021; 14:14/664/eabc4436. [PMID: 33402335 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.abc4436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the mechanisms of the Warburg shift to aerobic glycolysis is critical to defining the metabolic basis of cancer. Hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell carcinoma (HLRCC) is an aggressive cancer characterized by biallelic inactivation of the gene encoding the Krebs cycle enzyme fumarate hydratase, an early shift to aerobic glycolysis, and rapid metastasis. We observed impairment of the mitochondrial respiratory chain in tumors from patients with HLRCC. Biochemical and transcriptomic analyses revealed that respiratory chain dysfunction in the tumors was due to loss of expression of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)-encoded subunits of respiratory chain complexes, caused by a marked decrease in mtDNA content and increased mtDNA mutations. We demonstrated that accumulation of fumarate in HLRCC tumors inactivated the core factors responsible for replication and proofreading of mtDNA, leading to loss of respiratory chain components, thereby promoting the shift to aerobic glycolysis and disease progression in this prototypic model of glucose-dependent human cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R Crooks
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Nunziata Maio
- Molecular Medicine Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Martin Lang
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Christopher J Ricketts
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Cathy D Vocke
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Sandeep Gurram
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Sevilay Turan
- Sequencing Facility, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick, MD 21701, USA
| | - Yun-Young Kim
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - G Mariah Cawthon
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ferri Sohelian
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Natalia De Val
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Ruth M Pfeiffer
- Biostatistics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Parthav Jailwala
- CCR Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource (CCBR), Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick, MD 21702, USA.,Advanced Biomedical Computational Science, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Mayank Tandon
- CCR Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource (CCBR), Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick, MD 21702, USA.,Advanced Biomedical Computational Science, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Bao Tran
- Sequencing Facility, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick, MD 21701, USA
| | - Teresa W-M Fan
- Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry, Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology and Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Andrew N Lane
- Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry, Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology and Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Thomas Ried
- Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Darawalee Wangsa
- Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ashkan A Malayeri
- Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Maria J Merino
- Genitourinary Pathology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Youfeng Yang
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jordan L Meier
- Epigenetics and Metabolism Section, Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Mark W Ball
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Tracey A Rouault
- Molecular Medicine Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ramaprasad Srinivasan
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - W Marston Linehan
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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42
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Analysing the mechanism of mitochondrial oxidation-induced cell death using a multifunctional iridium(III) photosensitiser. Nat Commun 2021; 12:26. [PMID: 33397915 PMCID: PMC7782791 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20210-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial oxidation-induced cell death, a physiological process triggered by various cancer therapeutics to induce oxidative stress on tumours, has been challenging to investigate owing to the difficulties in generating mitochondria-specific oxidative stress and monitoring mitochondrial responses simultaneously. Accordingly, to the best of our knowledge, the relationship between mitochondrial protein oxidation via oxidative stress and the subsequent cell death-related biological phenomena has not been defined. Here, we developed a multifunctional iridium(III) photosensitiser, Ir-OA, capable of inducing substantial mitochondrial oxidative stress and monitoring the corresponding change in viscosity, polarity, and morphology. Photoactivation of Ir-OA triggers chemical modifications in mitochondrial protein-crosslinking and oxidation (i.e., oxidative phosphorylation complexes and channel and translocase proteins), leading to microenvironment changes, such as increased microviscosity and depolarisation. These changes are strongly related to cell death by inducing mitochondrial swelling with excessive fission and fusion. We suggest a potential mechanism from mitochondrial oxidative stress to cell death based on proteomic analyses and phenomenological observations.
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43
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Smirnova A, Richert L, Smirnov A, Mély Y, Tarassov I. Suborganellar Localization of Mitochondrial Proteins and Transcripts in Human Cells. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2277:157-173. [PMID: 34080151 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1270-5_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria have complex ultrastructure which includes continuous subcompartments, such as matrix, intermembrane space, and two membranes, as well as focal structures, such as nucleoids, RNA granules, and mitoribosomes. Comprehensive studies of the spatial distribution of proteins and RNAs inside the mitochondria are necessary to understand organellar gene expression processes and macromolecule targeting pathways. Here we give examples of distribution analysis of mitochondrial proteins and transcripts by conventional microscopy and the super-resolution technique 3D STORM. We provide detailed protocols and discuss limitations of immunolabeling of mitochondrial proteins and newly synthesized mitochondrial RNAs by bromouridine incorporation and single-molecule RNA FISH in hepatocarcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Smirnova
- UMR 7156 - Molecular Genetics, Genomics, Microbiology (GMGM), University of Strasbourg/CNRS, Strasbourg, France
| | - Ludovic Richert
- UMR 7021 - Laboratory of Biophotonics and Pharmacology (LBP), University of Strasbourg/CNRS, Illkirch, France
| | - Alexandre Smirnov
- UMR 7156 - Molecular Genetics, Genomics, Microbiology (GMGM), University of Strasbourg/CNRS, Strasbourg, France
| | - Yves Mély
- UMR 7021 - Laboratory of Biophotonics and Pharmacology (LBP), University of Strasbourg/CNRS, Illkirch, France
| | - Ivan Tarassov
- UMR 7156 - Molecular Genetics, Genomics, Microbiology (GMGM), University of Strasbourg/CNRS, Strasbourg, France.
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44
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Bahri H, Buratto J, Rojo M, Dompierre JP, Salin B, Blancard C, Cuvellier S, Rose M, Ben Ammar Elgaaied A, Tetaud E, di Rago JP, Devin A, Duvezin-Caubet S. TMEM70 forms oligomeric scaffolds within mitochondrial cristae promoting in situ assembly of mammalian ATP synthase proton channel. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2020; 1868:118942. [PMID: 33359711 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2020.118942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial ATP-synthesis is catalyzed by a F1Fo-ATP synthase, an enzyme of dual genetic origin enriched at the edge of cristae where it plays a key role in their structure/stability. The enzyme's biogenesis remains poorly understood, both from a mechanistic and a compartmentalization point of view. The present study provides novel molecular insights into this process through investigations on a human protein called TMEM70 with an unclear role in the assembly of ATP synthase. A recent study has revealed the existence of physical interactions between TMEM70 and the subunit c (Su.c), a protein present in 8 identical copies forming a transmembrane oligomeric ring (c-ring) within the ATP synthase proton translocating domain (Fo). Herein we analyzed the ATP-synthase assembly in cells lacking TMEM70, mitochondrial DNA or F1 subunits and observe a direct correlation between TMEM70 and Su.c levels, regardless of the status of other ATP synthase subunits or of mitochondrial bioenergetics. Immunoprecipitation, two-dimensional blue-native/SDS-PAGE, and pulse-chase experiments reveal that TMEM70 forms large oligomers that interact with Su.c not yet incorporated into ATP synthase complexes. Moreover, discrete TMEM70-Su.c complexes with increasing Su.c contents can be detected, suggesting a role for TMEM70 oligomers in the gradual assembly of the c-ring. Furthermore, we demonstrate using expansion super-resolution microscopy the specific localization of TMEM70 at the inner cristae membrane, distinct from the MICOS component MIC60. Taken together, our results show that TMEM70 oligomers provide a scaffold for c-ring assembly and that mammalian ATP synthase is assembled within inner cristae membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hela Bahri
- Université Bordeaux, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; Laboratoire de génétique, Immunologie et Pathologie Humaine, Faculté des sciences de Tunis, Université Tunis-El Manar FST, Tunis, Tunisie
| | - Jeremie Buratto
- Université Bordeaux, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; Université Bordeaux, CNRS, IPB, CBMN (UMR 5248), Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, 2 rue Robert Escarpit, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Manuel Rojo
- Université Bordeaux, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Jim Paul Dompierre
- Université Bordeaux, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Bénédicte Salin
- Université Bordeaux, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Corinne Blancard
- Université Bordeaux, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Sylvain Cuvellier
- Université Bordeaux, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Marie Rose
- Université Bordeaux, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Amel Ben Ammar Elgaaied
- Laboratoire de génétique, Immunologie et Pathologie Humaine, Faculté des sciences de Tunis, Université Tunis-El Manar FST, Tunis, Tunisie
| | - Emmanuel Tetaud
- Université Bordeaux, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; Laboratoire de Microbiologie Fondamentale et Pathogénicité UMR-CNRS 5234, 146 rue Léo Saignat, CEDEX F-33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Jean-Paul di Rago
- Université Bordeaux, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Anne Devin
- Université Bordeaux, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Stéphane Duvezin-Caubet
- Université Bordeaux, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
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45
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Kolmakov K, Winter FR, Sednev MV, Ghosh S, Borisov SM, Nizovtsev AV. Everlasting rhodamine dyes and true deciding factors in their STED microscopy performance. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2020; 19:1677-1689. [PMID: 33179701 DOI: 10.1039/d0pp00304b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The authors took an independent and closer look at the family of red-emitting rhodamine dyes known for a decade due to their excellent performance in STED microscopy. After the family was further extended, the true grounds of this performance became clear. Small-molecule protective agents and/or auxiliary groups were attached at two different sites of the dye's scaffold. Thus, a rhodamine core, which is already quite photostable as it is, and an intramolecular stabilizer - a 4-nitrobenzyl or a 4-nitrobenzylthio group were combined to give potentially "everlasting dyes". The fluorescence quantum yields (Φf) and the fluorescence lifetimes (τ) of the modified dyes were thoroughly measured with comparison to those of the parent dyes. The correlation of their STED performance with photostability and fluorescence color stability under illumination in water were explored. Unexpectedly, the anaerobic GSDIM (GOC) buffer proved unhelpful with respect to STED performance. It was demonstrated that, even dyes with a Φf of only 14-17% allow STED imaging with a sufficient photon budget and good signal-to-noise ratio. For the dyes with photostabilizing groups (PSG) the Φf values are 4-5 times lower than in the reference dyes, and lifetimes τ are also strongly reduced. Noteworthy are very high fluorescence color stability and constant or even increasing fluorescence signal under photobleaching in bulk aqueous solutions, which suggests a sacrificing role of the 4-nitrobenzyl-containing moieties. Straightforward and improved recipes for "last-minute" modifications and preparations of "self-healing" red-emitting fluorescent tags are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirill Kolmakov
- glyXera GmbH, Brenneckestraße 20 * ZENIT II/Haus 66, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
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46
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Webb M, Sideris DP. Intimate Relations-Mitochondria and Ageing. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21207580. [PMID: 33066461 PMCID: PMC7589147 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with ageing, but the detailed causal relationship between the two is still unclear. We review the major phenomenological manifestations of mitochondrial age-related dysfunction including biochemical, regulatory and energetic features. We conclude that the complexity of these processes and their inter-relationships are still not fully understood and at this point it seems unlikely that a single linear cause and effect relationship between any specific aspect of mitochondrial biology and ageing can be established in either direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Webb
- Mitobridge Inc., an Astellas Company, 1030 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Dionisia P Sideris
- Mitobridge Inc., an Astellas Company, 1030 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
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47
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Singh AP, Salvatori R, Aftab W, Kohler A, Carlström A, Forne I, Imhof A, Ott M. Molecular Connectivity of Mitochondrial Gene Expression and OXPHOS Biogenesis. Mol Cell 2020; 79:1051-1065.e10. [PMID: 32877643 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2020.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria contain their own gene expression systems, including membrane-bound ribosomes dedicated to synthesizing a few hydrophobic subunits of the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complexes. We used a proximity-dependent biotinylation technique, BioID, coupled with mass spectrometry to delineate in baker's yeast a comprehensive network of factors involved in biogenesis of mitochondrial encoded proteins. This mitochondrial gene expression network (MiGENet) encompasses proteins involved in transcription, RNA processing, translation, or protein biogenesis. Our analyses indicate the spatial organization of these processes, thereby revealing basic mechanistic principles and the proteins populating strategically important sites. For example, newly synthesized proteins are directly handed over to ribosomal tunnel exit-bound factors that mediate membrane insertion, co-factor acquisition, or their mounting into OXPHOS complexes in a special early assembly hub. Collectively, the data reveal the connectivity of mitochondrial gene expression, reflecting a unique tailoring of the mitochondrial gene expression system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer Prakash Singh
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Roger Salvatori
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Wasim Aftab
- BioMedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany; Graduate School for Quantitative Biosciences (QBM), Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Kohler
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andreas Carlström
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ignasi Forne
- BioMedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Axel Imhof
- BioMedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Martin Ott
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden.
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Song Y, Zhang X, Shen Z, Yang W, Wei J, Li S, Wang X, Li X, He Q, Zhang S, Zhang Q, Gao B. Improving Brightness and Stability of Si-Rhodamine for Super-Resolution Imaging of Mitochondria in Living Cells. Anal Chem 2020; 92:12137-12144. [PMID: 32844652 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b04926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Photostable and bright organic dyes emitting in the near-infrared region are highly desirable for long-term dynamic bioimaging. Herein, we report a synthetic approach to build novel methoxy modified Si-rhodamine (SiRMO) dyes by introducing the methoxybenzene on the xanthene moiety. The brightness of SiRMO increased from 2300 M-1 cm-1 (SiRMO-0) to 49000 M-1 cm-1 (SiRMO-2) when the substituent 2,5-dimethoxybenzene was replaced with 2,6-dimethoxybenzene. Moreover, the stability of SiRMO-2 was significantly improved due to the steric hindrance protection of the two methoxy groups on the ninth carbon atom of the xanthene. After fast cellular uptake, the SiRMO dyes selectively stained the mitochondria with a low background in live cultured cells and primary neurons. The high brightness and stability of SiRMO-2 significantly improved the capability of monitoring mitochondria dynamic processes in living cells under super-resolution conditions. Moreover, with the fluorescence nanoscopy techniques, we observed the structure of mitochondrial cristae and mitochondria fission, fusion, and apoptosis with a high temporal resolution. Under two-photon illumination, SiRMO-2 showed also enhanced two-photon brightness and stability, which are important for imaging in thick tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifang Song
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis (Ministry of Education), and Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environment Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis (Ministry of Education), and Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environment Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Zixin Shen
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis (Ministry of Education), and Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environment Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis (Ministry of Education), and Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environment Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Juandi Wei
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis (Ministry of Education), and Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environment Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Shiyi Li
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis (Ministry of Education), and Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environment Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis (Ministry of Education), and Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environment Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Xinwei Li
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis (Ministry of Education), and Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environment Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Qihua He
- Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shuchen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis (Ministry of Education), and Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environment Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Qisheng Zhang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Baoxiang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis (Ministry of Education), and Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environment Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
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49
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Grevel A, Pfanner N, Becker T. Coupling of import and assembly pathways in mitochondrial protein biogenesis. Biol Chem 2020; 401:117-129. [PMID: 31513529 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2019-0310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Biogenesis and function of mitochondria depend on the import of about 1000 precursor proteins that are produced on cytosolic ribosomes. The translocase of the outer membrane (TOM) forms the entry gate for most proteins. After passage through the TOM channel, dedicated preprotein translocases sort the precursor proteins into the mitochondrial subcompartments. Many proteins have to be assembled into oligomeric membrane-integrated complexes in order to perform their functions. In this review, we discuss a dual role of mitochondrial preprotein translocases in protein translocation and oligomeric assembly, focusing on the biogenesis of the TOM complex and the respiratory chain. The sorting and assembly machinery (SAM) of the outer mitochondrial membrane forms a dynamic platform for coupling transport and assembly of TOM subunits. The biogenesis of the cytochrome c oxidase of the inner membrane involves a molecular circuit to adjust translation of mitochondrial-encoded core subunits to the availability of nuclear-encoded partner proteins. Thus, mitochondrial protein translocases not only import precursor proteins but can also support their assembly into functional complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Grevel
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nikolaus Pfanner
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany.,CIBSS Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Becker
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany.,CIBSS Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
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50
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Mitochondrial OXPHOS Biogenesis: Co-Regulation of Protein Synthesis, Import, and Assembly Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21113820. [PMID: 32481479 PMCID: PMC7312649 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21113820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The assembly of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complexes is an intricate process, which—given their dual-genetic control—requires tight co-regulation of two evolutionarily distinct gene expression machineries. Moreover, fine-tuning protein synthesis to the nascent assembly of OXPHOS complexes requires regulatory mechanisms such as translational plasticity and translational activators that can coordinate mitochondrial translation with the import of nuclear-encoded mitochondrial proteins. The intricacy of OXPHOS complex biogenesis is further evidenced by the requirement of many tightly orchestrated steps and ancillary factors. Early-stage ancillary chaperones have essential roles in coordinating OXPHOS assembly, whilst late-stage assembly factors—also known as the LYRM (leucine–tyrosine–arginine motif) proteins—together with the mitochondrial acyl carrier protein (ACP)—regulate the incorporation and activation of late-incorporating OXPHOS subunits and/or co-factors. In this review, we describe recent discoveries providing insights into the mechanisms required for optimal OXPHOS biogenesis, including the coordination of mitochondrial gene expression with the availability of nuclear-encoded factors entering via mitochondrial protein import systems.
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