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Mastoris I, Gupta K, Sauer AJ. The War Against Heart Failure Hospitalizations: Remote Monitoring and the Case for Expanding Criteria. Heart Fail Clin 2024; 20:419-436. [PMID: 39216927 DOI: 10.1016/j.hfc.2024.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Successful remote patient monitoring depends on bidirectional interaction between patients and multidisciplinary clinical teams. Invasive pulmonary artery pressure monitoring has been shown to reduce heart failure (HF) hospitalizations, facilitate guideline-directed medical therapy optimization, and improve quality of life. Cardiac implantable electronic device-based multiparameter monitoring has shown encouraging results in predicting future HF-related events. Potential expanded indications for remote monitoring include guideline-directed medical therapy optimization, application to specific populations, and subclinical detection of HF. Voice analysis, inferior vena cava diameter monitoring, and artificial intelligence-based remote electrocardiogram show potential to gain some merit in remote patient monitoring in HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Mastoris
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Kashvi Gupta
- Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute and University of Missouri-Kansas City, 4401 Wornall Road, Kansas City, MO 64111, USA
| | - Andrew J Sauer
- Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute and University of Missouri-Kansas City, 4401 Wornall Road, Kansas City, MO 64111, USA.
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2
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Chu YC, Chen SSS, Chen KB, Sun JS, Shen TK, Chen LK. Enhanced labor pain monitoring using machine learning and ECG waveform analysis for uterine contraction-induced pain. BioData Min 2024; 17:32. [PMID: 39243100 DOI: 10.1186/s13040-024-00383-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to develop an innovative approach for monitoring and assessing labor pain through ECG waveform analysis, utilizing machine learning techniques to monitor pain resulting from uterine contractions. METHODS The study was conducted at National Taiwan University Hospital between January and July 2020. We collected a dataset of 6010 ECG samples from women preparing for natural spontaneous delivery (NSD). The ECG data was used to develop an ECG waveform-based Nociception Monitoring Index (NoM). The dataset was divided into training (80%) and validation (20%) sets. Multiple machine learning models, including LightGBM, XGBoost, SnapLogisticRegression, and SnapDecisionTree, were developed and evaluated. Hyperparameter optimization was performed using grid search and five-fold cross-validation to enhance model performance. RESULTS The LightGBM model demonstrated superior performance with an AUC of 0.96 and an accuracy of 90%, making it the optimal model for monitoring labor pain based on ECG data. Other models, such as XGBoost and SnapLogisticRegression, also showed strong performance, with AUC values ranging from 0.88 to 0.95. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that the integration of machine learning algorithms with ECG data significantly enhances the accuracy and reliability of labor pain monitoring. Specifically, the LightGBM model exhibits exceptional precision and robustness in continuous pain monitoring during labor, with potential applicability extending to broader healthcare settings. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04461704.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Chia Chu
- Department of Information Management, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, 11267, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Big Data Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, 11267, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Department of Information Management, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, 11219, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Saint Shiou-Sheng Chen
- Division of Urology, Taipei City Hospital Renai Branch, Taipei, 106243, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Commission for General Education, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, 10607, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine and Shu-Tien Urological Research Center, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University School of Medicine, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan, R.O.C
- General Education Center, University of Taipei, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Kuen-Bao Chen
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Department of Anesthesiology, North Dist, China Medical University Hospital, No.2, Yude Rd, Taichung City, 404327, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Jui-Sheng Sun
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, En Chu Kong Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Tzu-Kuei Shen
- Vice President & CTO, R&D and Production Department, V5med Inc., Hsinchu, 30078, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Li-Kuei Chen
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan, R.O.C..
- Department of Anesthesiology, North Dist, China Medical University Hospital, No.2, Yude Rd, Taichung City, 404327, Taiwan, R.O.C..
- Anhe Rd, Xitun Dist, Dainthus MFM Clinic Anhe, No. 118-18, Taichung City, 407, Taiwan, R.O.C..
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3
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Park H, Kwon OS, Shim J, Kim D, Park JW, Kim YG, Yu HT, Kim TH, Uhm JS, Choi JI, Joung B, Lee MH, Pak HN. Artificial intelligence estimated electrocardiographic age as a recurrence predictor after atrial fibrillation catheter ablation. NPJ Digit Med 2024; 7:234. [PMID: 39237703 DOI: 10.1038/s41746-024-01234-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The application of artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms to 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) provides promising age prediction models. We explored whether the gap between the pre-procedural AI-ECG age and chronological age can predict atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence after catheter ablation. We validated a pre-trained residual network-based model for age prediction on four multinational datasets. Then we estimated AI-ECG age using a pre-procedural sinus rhythm ECG among individuals on anti-arrhythmic drugs who underwent de-novo AF catheter ablation from two independent AF ablation cohorts. We categorized the AI-ECG age gap based on the mean absolute error of the AI-ECG age gap obtained from four model validation datasets; aged-ECG (≥10 years) and normal ECG age (<10 years) groups. In the two AF ablation cohorts, aged-ECG was associated with a significantly increased risk of AF recurrence compared to the normal ECG age group. These associations were independent of chronological age or left atrial diameter. In summary, a pre-procedural AI-ECG age has a prognostic value for AF recurrence after catheter ablation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanjin Park
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Oh-Seok Kwon
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaemin Shim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Daehoon Kim
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Je-Wook Park
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Gi Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Tae Yu
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Hoon Kim
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Sun Uhm
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Il Choi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Boyoung Joung
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon-Hyoung Lee
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hui-Nam Pak
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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4
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Mooghali M, Stroud AM, Yoo DW, Barry BA, Grimshaw AA, Ross JS, Zhu X, Miller JE. Trustworthy and ethical AI-enabled cardiovascular care: a rapid review. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak 2024; 24:247. [PMID: 39232725 PMCID: PMC11373417 DOI: 10.1186/s12911-024-02653-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly used for prevention, diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Despite the potential for AI to improve care, ethical concerns and mistrust in AI-enabled healthcare exist among the public and medical community. Given the rapid and transformative recent growth of AI in cardiovascular care, to inform practice guidelines and regulatory policies that facilitate ethical and trustworthy use of AI in medicine, we conducted a literature review to identify key ethical and trust barriers and facilitators from patients' and healthcare providers' perspectives when using AI in cardiovascular care. METHODS In this rapid literature review, we searched six bibliographic databases to identify publications discussing transparency, trust, or ethical concerns (outcomes of interest) associated with AI-based medical devices (interventions of interest) in the context of cardiovascular care from patients', caregivers', or healthcare providers' perspectives. The search was completed on May 24, 2022 and was not limited by date or study design. RESULTS After reviewing 7,925 papers from six databases and 3,603 papers identified through citation chasing, 145 articles were included. Key ethical concerns included privacy, security, or confidentiality issues (n = 59, 40.7%); risk of healthcare inequity or disparity (n = 36, 24.8%); risk of patient harm (n = 24, 16.6%); accountability and responsibility concerns (n = 19, 13.1%); problematic informed consent and potential loss of patient autonomy (n = 17, 11.7%); and issues related to data ownership (n = 11, 7.6%). Major trust barriers included data privacy and security concerns, potential risk of patient harm, perceived lack of transparency about AI-enabled medical devices, concerns about AI replacing human aspects of care, concerns about prioritizing profits over patients' interests, and lack of robust evidence related to the accuracy and limitations of AI-based medical devices. Ethical and trust facilitators included ensuring data privacy and data validation, conducting clinical trials in diverse cohorts, providing appropriate training and resources to patients and healthcare providers and improving their engagement in different phases of AI implementation, and establishing further regulatory oversights. CONCLUSION This review revealed key ethical concerns and barriers and facilitators of trust in AI-enabled medical devices from patients' and healthcare providers' perspectives. Successful integration of AI into cardiovascular care necessitates implementation of mitigation strategies. These strategies should focus on enhanced regulatory oversight on the use of patient data and promoting transparency around the use of AI in patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Mooghali
- Section of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Yale Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (CORE), 195 Church Street, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.
| | - Austin M Stroud
- Biomedical Ethics Research Program, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Dong Whi Yoo
- School of Information, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
| | - Barbara A Barry
- Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Division of Health Care Delivery Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Alyssa A Grimshaw
- Harvey Cushing/John Hay Whitney Medical Library, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Joseph S Ross
- Section of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Xuan Zhu
- Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jennifer E Miller
- Section of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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Tang H, Li Y, Liao S, Liu H, Qiao Y, Zhou J. Multifunctional Conductive Hydrogel Interface for Bioelectronic Recording and Stimulation. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2400562. [PMID: 38773929 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202400562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
The past few decades have witnessed the rapid advancement and broad applications of flexible bioelectronics, in wearable and implantable electronics, brain-computer interfaces, neural science and technology, clinical diagnosis, treatment, etc. It is noteworthy that soft and elastic conductive hydrogels, owing to their multiple similarities with biological tissues in terms of mechanics, electronics, water-rich, and biological functions, have successfully bridged the gap between rigid electronics and soft biology. Multifunctional hydrogel bioelectronics, emerging as a new generation of promising material candidates, have authentically established highly compatible and reliable, high-quality bioelectronic interfaces, particularly in bioelectronic recording and stimulation. This review summarizes the material basis and design principles involved in constructing hydrogel bioelectronic interfaces, and systematically discusses the fundamental mechanism and unique advantages in bioelectrical interfacing with the biological surface. Furthermore, an overview of the state-of-the-art manufacturing strategies for hydrogel bioelectronic interfaces with enhanced biocompatibility and integration with the biological system is presented. This review finally exemplifies the unprecedented advancement and impetus toward bioelectronic recording and stimulation, especially in implantable and integrated hydrogel bioelectronic systems, and concludes with a perspective expectation for hydrogel bioelectronics in clinical and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Tang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, 518107, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Sensing Technology and Biomedical Instruments of Guangdong Province, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Yuanfang Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, 518107, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Sensing Technology and Biomedical Instruments of Guangdong Province, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Shufei Liao
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, 518107, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Sensing Technology and Biomedical Instruments of Guangdong Province, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Houfang Liu
- School of Integrated Circuits and Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yancong Qiao
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, 518107, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Sensing Technology and Biomedical Instruments of Guangdong Province, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Jianhua Zhou
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, 518107, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Sensing Technology and Biomedical Instruments of Guangdong Province, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
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6
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Choi J, Kim JY, Cho MS, Kim M, Kim J, Oh IY, Cho Y, Lee JH. Artificial intelligence predicts undiagnosed atrial fibrillation in patients with embolic stroke of undetermined source using sinus rhythm electrocardiograms. Heart Rhythm 2024; 21:1647-1655. [PMID: 38493991 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2024.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled sinus rhythm (SR) electrocardiogram (ECG) interpretation can aid in identifying undiagnosed paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS). OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of an AI model in identifying AF based on SR ECGs in patients with ESUS. METHODS A transformer-based vision AI model was developed using 737,815 SR ECGs from patients with and without AF to detect current paroxysmal AF or predict the future development of AF within a 2-year period. Probability of AF was calculated from baseline SR ECGs using this algorithm. Its diagnostic performance was further tested in a cohort of 352 ESUS patients from 4 tertiary hospitals, all of whom were monitored using an insertable cardiac monitor (ICM) for AF surveillance. RESULTS Over 25.1-month follow-up, AF episodes lasting ≥1 hour were identified in 58 patients (14.4%) using ICMs. In the receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis, the area under the curve for the AI algorithm to identify AF ≥1 hour was 0.806, which improved to 0.880 after integrating the clinical parameters into the model. The AI algorithm exhibited greater accuracy in identifying longer AF episodes (ROC for AF ≥12 hours: 0.837, for AF ≥24 hours: 0.879) and a temporal trend indicating that the AI-based AF risk score increased as the ECG recording approached the AF onset (P for trend <.0001). CONCLUSIONS Our AI model demonstrated excellent diagnostic performance in predicting AF in patients with ESUS, potentially enhancing patient prognosis through timely intervention and secondary prevention of ischemic stroke in ESUS cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jina Choi
- Cardiovascular Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Ju Youn Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Heart Vascular Stroke Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Soo Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Minsu Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Joonghee Kim
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Il-Young Oh
- Cardiovascular Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Youngjin Cho
- Cardiovascular Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
| | - Ji Hyun Lee
- Cardiovascular Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
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7
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Wang C, Fan P, Wang Q. Evolving therapeutics and ensuing cardiotoxicities in triple-negative breast cancer. Cancer Treat Rev 2024; 130:102819. [PMID: 39216183 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2024.102819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Defined as scarce expression of hormone receptors and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is labeled as the most heterogeneous subtype of breast cancer with poorest prognosis. Despite rapid advancements in precise subtyping and tailored therapeutics, the ensuing cancer therapy-related cardiovascular toxicity (CTR-CVT) could exert detrimental impacts to TNBC survivors. Nowadays, this interdisciplinary issue is incrementally concerned by cardiologists, oncologists and other pertinent experts, propelling cardio-oncology as a booming field focusing on the whole-course management of cancer patients with potential cardiovascular threats. Here in this review, we initially profile the evolving molecular subtyping and therapeutic landscape of TNBC. Further, we introduce various monitoring approaches of CTR-CVT. In the main body, we elaborate on typical cardiotoxicities ensuing anti-TNBC treatments in detail, ranging from chemotherapy (especially anthracyclines), surgery, anesthetics, radiotherapy to immunotherapy, with future perspectives on promising directions in the era of artificial intelligence and traditional Chinese medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongyu Wang
- Department of Medicine, Xinglin College, Nantong University, Nantong 226007, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pinchao Fan
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China; Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211112, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qingqing Wang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China.
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Takase B, Ikeda T, Shimizu W, Abe H, Aiba T, Chinushi M, Koba S, Kusano K, Niwano S, Takahashi N, Takatsuki S, Tanno K, Watanabe E, Yoshioka K, Amino M, Fujino T, Iwasaki YK, Kohno R, Kinoshita T, Kurita Y, Masaki N, Murata H, Shinohara T, Yada H, Yodogawa K, Kimura T, Kurita T, Nogami A, Sumitomo N. JCS/JHRS 2022 Guideline on Diagnosis and Risk Assessment of Arrhythmia. Circ J 2024; 88:1509-1595. [PMID: 37690816 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-22-0827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Takanori Ikeda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Toho University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Wataru Shimizu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nippon Medical School
| | - Haruhiko Abe
- Department of Heart Rhythm Management, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan
| | - Takeshi Aiba
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | - Masaomi Chinushi
- School of Health Sciences, Niigata University School of Medicine
| | - Shinji Koba
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine
| | - Kengo Kusano
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | - Shinichi Niwano
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine
| | - Naohiko Takahashi
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University
| | - Seiji Takatsuki
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine
| | - Kaoru Tanno
- Cardiology Division, Cardiovascular Center, Showa University Koto-Toyosu Hospital
| | - Eiichi Watanabe
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Fujita Health University Bantane Hospital
| | | | - Mari Amino
- Department of Cardiology, Tokai University School of Medicine
| | - Tadashi Fujino
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Toho University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Yu-Ki Iwasaki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nippon Medical School
| | - Ritsuko Kohno
- Department of Heart Rhythm Management, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan
| | - Toshio Kinoshita
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Toho University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Yasuo Kurita
- Cardiovascular Center, International University of Health and Welfare, Mita Hospital
| | - Nobuyuki Masaki
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, National Defense Medical College
| | | | - Tetsuji Shinohara
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University
| | - Hirotaka Yada
- Department of Cardiology, International University of Health and Welfare, Mita Hospital
| | - Kenji Yodogawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nippon Medical School
| | - Takeshi Kimura
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine
| | | | - Akihiko Nogami
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba
| | - Naokata Sumitomo
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center
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9
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Lüscher TF, Wenzl FA, D'Ascenzo F, Friedman PA, Antoniades C. Artificial intelligence in cardiovascular medicine: clinical applications. Eur Heart J 2024:ehae465. [PMID: 39158472 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehae465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Clinical medicine requires the integration of various forms of patient data including demographics, symptom characteristics, electrocardiogram findings, laboratory values, biomarker levels, and imaging studies. Decision-making on the optimal management should be based on a high probability that the envisaged treatment is appropriate, provides benefit, and bears no or little potential harm. To that end, personalized risk-benefit considerations should guide the management of individual patients to achieve optimal results. These basic clinical tasks have become more and more challenging with the massively growing data now available; artificial intelligence and machine learning (AI/ML) can provide assistance for clinicians by obtaining and comprehensively preparing the history of patients, analysing face and voice and other clinical features, by integrating laboratory results, biomarkers, and imaging. Furthermore, AI/ML can provide a comprehensive risk assessment as a basis of optimal acute and chronic care. The clinical usefulness of AI/ML algorithms should be carefully assessed, validated with confirmation datasets before clinical use, and repeatedly re-evaluated as patient phenotypes change. This review provides an overview of the current data revolution that has changed and will continue to change the face of clinical medicine radically, if properly used, to the benefit of physicians and patients alike.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas F Lüscher
- Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, London, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, UK
- Cardiovascular Academic Group, King's College, London, UK
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren - Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Florian A Wenzl
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren - Zurich, Switzerland
- National Disease Registration and Analysis Service, NHS, London, UK
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fabrizio D'Ascenzo
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Città della Salute e della Scienza Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Paul A Friedman
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Charalambos Antoniades
- Acute Multidisciplinary Imaging and Interventional Centre, RDM Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Headington, Oxford OX39DU, UK
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10
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Khera R. AI-enabled diagnosis from an electrocardiogram image: the next frontier of innovation in a century-old technology. Heart 2024; 110:1065-1066. [PMID: 39048290 PMCID: PMC11328242 DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2024-324299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rohan Khera
- Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Section of Health Informatics, Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics and Data Science, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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11
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Ordine L, Canciello G, Borrelli F, Lombardi R, Di Napoli S, Polizzi R, Falcone C, Napolitano B, Moscano L, Spinelli A, Masciari E, Esposito G, Losi MA. Artificial intelligence-driven electrocardiography: Innovations in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy management. Trends Cardiovasc Med 2024:S1050-1738(24)00075-6. [PMID: 39147002 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcm.2024.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HCM) presents a complex diagnostic and prognostic challenge due to its heterogeneous phenotype and clinical course. Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) techniques hold promise in transforming the role of Electrocardiography (ECG) in HCM diagnosis, prognosis, and management. AI, including Deep Learning (DL), enables computers to learn patterns from data, allowing for the development of models capable of analyzing ECG signals. DL models, such as convolutional neural networks, have shown promise in accurately identifying HCM-related abnormalities in ECGs, surpassing traditional diagnostic methods. In diagnosing HCM, ML models have demonstrated high accuracy in distinguishing between HCM and other cardiac conditions, even in cases with normal ECG findings. Additionally, AI models have enhanced risk assessment by predicting arrhythmic events leading to sudden cardiac death and identifying patients at risk for atrial fibrillation and heart failure. These models incorporate clinical and imaging data, offering a comprehensive evaluation of patient risk profiles. Challenges remain, including the need for larger and more diverse datasets to improve model generalizability and address imbalances inherent in rare event prediction. Nevertheless, AI-driven approaches have the potential to revolutionize HCM management by providing timely and accurate diagnoses, prognoses, and personalized treatment strategies based on individual patient risk profiles. This review explores the current landscape of AI applications in ECG analysis for HCM, focusing on advancements in AI methodologies and their specific implementation in HCM care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leopoldo Ordine
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Grazia Canciello
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Felice Borrelli
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaella Lombardi
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Salvatore Di Napoli
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberto Polizzi
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Cristina Falcone
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Brigida Napolitano
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Moscano
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandra Spinelli
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Elio Masciari
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technologies, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Esposito
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria-Angela Losi
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University Federico II, Naples, Italy.
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12
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de Melo JF, Mangold KE, Debertin J, Rosenbaum A, Bois JP, Attia ZI, Friedman PA, Deshmukh AJ, Kapa S, Cooper LT, Abou Ezzeddine OF, Siontis KC. Detection of cardiac sarcoidosis with the artificial intelligence-enhanced electrocardiogram. Heart Rhythm 2024:S1547-5271(24)03119-9. [PMID: 39127231 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2024.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Jose F de Melo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Kathryn E Mangold
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Julia Debertin
- Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Andrew Rosenbaum
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - John P Bois
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Zachi I Attia
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Paul A Friedman
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Suraj Kapa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Leslie T Cooper
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
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13
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Clerkin KJ, Sewanan L, Griffin JM, DeFilippis EM, Peng B, Chernovolenko M, Harris E, Prasad N, Colombo PC, Yuzefpolskaya M, Fried J, Raikhelkar J, Topkara VK, Castillo M, Lam EY, Latif F, Takeda K, Uriel N, Sayer G, Einstein AJ. Added prognostic value of visually estimated coronary artery calcium among heart transplant recipients. J Heart Lung Transplant 2024:S1053-2498(24)01783-2. [PMID: 39122222 DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2024.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac hybrid positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) has become a valid screening modality for cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV) following heart transplantation (HT). Visually estimated coronary artery calcium (VECAC) can be quantified from CT images obtained as part of PET/CT and has been shown to be associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes in coronary artery disease. We investigated the prognostic value of VECAC following HT. METHODS A retrospective analysis of 430 consecutive adult HT patients who underwent 13N-ammonia cardiac PET/CT from 2016 to 2019 with follow-up through October 15, 2022, was performed. VECAC categories included: VECAC 0, VECAC 1-9, VECAC 10-99, and VECAC 100+. The association between VECAC categories and outcomes was assessed using univariable and multivariable proportional hazards regression. The primary outcome was death/retransplantation. RESULTS The cohort was 73% male, 33% had diabetes, 67% had estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 ml/min, median age was 61 years, and median time since HT was 7.5 years. VECAC alone was insufficiently sensitive to screen for CAV. During a median follow-up of 4.2 years ninety patients experienced death or retransplantation. Compared with those with VECAC 0, patients VECAC 10-99 (HR 2.25, 95% CI 1.23-4.14, p = 0.009) and VECAC 100+ (HR 3.42, 95% CI 1.96-5.99, p < 0.001) experienced an increased risk of death/retransplantation. The association was similar for cardiovascular death and cardiovascular hospitalization. After adjusting for other predictors of death/retransplantation, VECAC 10-99 (VECAC 10-99: aHR 1.95, 95% CI 1.03-3.71 p = 0.04) and VECAC 100+ (VECAC 100+: aHR 2.33, 95% CI 1.17-4.63, p = 0.02) remained independently associated with death/retransplantation. CONCLUSIONS VECAC is an independent prognostic marker of death/retransplantation following HT and merits inclusion as a part of post-HT surveillance PET/CT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J Clerkin
- Milstein Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York.
| | - Lorenzo Sewanan
- Milstein Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Jan M Griffin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Ersilia M DeFilippis
- Milstein Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Boyu Peng
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Margarita Chernovolenko
- Milstein Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Erin Harris
- Milstein Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Nikil Prasad
- Milstein Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Paolo C Colombo
- Milstein Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Melana Yuzefpolskaya
- Milstein Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Justin Fried
- Milstein Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Jayant Raikhelkar
- Milstein Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Veli K Topkara
- Milstein Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Michelle Castillo
- Milstein Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Elaine Y Lam
- Milstein Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Farhana Latif
- Milstein Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Koji Takeda
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Nir Uriel
- Milstein Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Gabriel Sayer
- Milstein Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Andrew J Einstein
- Milstein Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
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14
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Ma L, Zhang F. A Novel Real-Time Detection and Classification Method for ECG Signal Images Based on Deep Learning. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:5087. [PMID: 39204785 PMCID: PMC11360666 DOI: 10.3390/s24165087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
In this paper, a novel deep learning method Mamba-RAYOLO is presented, which can improve detection and classification in the processing and analysis of ECG images in real time by integrating three advanced modules. The feature extraction module in our work with a multi-branch structure during training can capture a wide range of features to ensure efficient inference and rich feature extraction. The attention mechanism module utilized in our proposed network can dynamically focus on the most relevant spatial and channel-wise features to improve detection accuracy and computational efficiency. Then, the extracted features can be refined for efficient spatial feature processing and robust feature fusion. Several sets of experiments have been carried out to test the validity of the proposed Mamba-RAYOLO and these indicate that our method has made significant improvements in the detection and classification of ECG images. The research offers a promising framework for more accurate and efficient medical ECG diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linjuan Ma
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China;
| | - Fuquan Zhang
- College of Computer and Control Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China
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15
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Yang X, Sun J, Yang H, Guo T, Pan J, Wang W. The heart sound classification of congenital heart disease by using median EEMD-Hurst and threshold denoising method. Med Biol Eng Comput 2024:10.1007/s11517-024-03173-1. [PMID: 39098860 DOI: 10.1007/s11517-024-03173-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Heart sound signals are vital for the machine-assisted detection of congenital heart disease. However, the performance of diagnostic results is limited by noise during heart sound acquisition. A limitation of existing noise reduction schemes is that the pathological components of the signal are weak, which have the potential to be filtered out with the noise. In this research, a novel approach for classifying heart sounds based on median ensemble empirical mode decomposition (MEEMD), Hurst analysis, improved threshold denoising, and neural networks are presented. In decomposing the heart sound signal into several intrinsic mode functions (IMFs), mode mixing and mode splitting can be effectively suppressed by MEEMD. Hurst analysis is adopted for identifying the noisy content of IMFs. Then, the noise-dominated IMFs are denoised by an improved threshold function. Finally, the noise reduction signal is generated by reconstructing the processed components and the other components. A database of 5000 heart sounds from congenital heart disease and normal volunteers was constructed. The Mel spectral coefficients of the denoised signals were used as input vectors to the convolutional neural network for classification to verify the effectiveness of the preprocessing algorithm. An accuracy of 93.8%, a specificity of 93.1%, and a sensitivity of 94.6% were achieved for classifying the normal cases from abnormal one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuankai Yang
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650504, China
| | - Jing Sun
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650504, China
| | - Hongbo Yang
- Cardiovascular Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University (Fuwai Yunnan Cardiovascular Hospital), Kunming, 650102, China
| | - Tao Guo
- Cardiovascular Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University (Fuwai Yunnan Cardiovascular Hospital), Kunming, 650102, China
| | - Jiahua Pan
- Cardiovascular Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University (Fuwai Yunnan Cardiovascular Hospital), Kunming, 650102, China
| | - Weilian Wang
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650504, China.
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16
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Domingo-Gardeta T, Montero-Cabezas JM, Jurado-Román A, Sabaté M, Aboal J, Baranchuk A, Carrillo X, García-Zamora S, Dores H, van der Valk V, Scherptong RWC, Andrés-Cordón JF, Vidal P, Moreno-Martínez D, Toribio-Fernández R, Lillo-Castellano JM, Cruz R, De Guio F, Marina-Breysse M, Martínez-Sellés M. Rationale and design of the artificial intelligence scalable solution for acute myocardial infarction (ASSIST) study. J Electrocardiol 2024; 86:153768. [PMID: 39126971 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2024.153768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute coronary syndrome (ACS), specifically ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction is a major cause of morbidity and mortality throughout Europe. Diagnosis in the acute setting is mainly based on clinical symptoms and physician's interpretation of an electrocardiogram (ECG), which may be subject to errors. ST-segment elevation is the leading criteria to activate urgent reperfusion therapy, but a clear ST-elevation pattern might not be present in patients with coronary occlusion and ST-segment elevation might be seen in patients with normal coronary arteries. METHODS The ASSIST project is a retrospective observational study aiming to improve the ECG-assisted assessment of ACS patients in the acute setting by incorporating an artificial intelligence platform, Willem™ to analyze 12‑lead ECGs. Our aim is to improve diagnostic accuracy and reduce treatment delays. ECG and clinical data collected during this study will enable the optimization and validation of Willem™. A retrospective multicenter study will collect ECG, clinical, and coronary angiography data from 10,309 patients. The primary outcome is the performance of this tool in the correct identification of acute myocardial infarction with coronary artery occlusion. Model performance will be evaluated internally with patients recruited in this retrospective study while external validation will be performed in a second stage. CONCLUSION ASSIST will provide key data to optimize Willem™ platform to detect myocardial infarction based on ECG-assessment alone. Our hypothesis is that such a diagnostic approach may reduce time delays, enhance diagnostic accuracy, and improve clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomás Domingo-Gardeta
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red. Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Alfonso Jurado-Román
- Cardiology Department, La Paz University Hospital, Fundación de Investigación Hospital La Paz, IdiPaz Madrid, Spain
| | - Manel Sabaté
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red. Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain; Institut Clínic Cardiovascular, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaime Aboal
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain
| | - Adrián Baranchuk
- Division of Cardiology, Kingston Health Science Center, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | - Hélder Dores
- Luz Hospital Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal; NOVA Medical School, Lisbon, Portugal; CHRC, NOVA Medical School, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Viktor van der Valk
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Pablo Vidal
- Institut Clínic Cardiovascular, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Moreno-Martínez
- Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain; Research group on innovation, health economics and digital transformation, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute
| | | | - José María Lillo-Castellano
- Idoven Research, Madrid, Spain; Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Myocardial Pathophysiology Area, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Manuel Marina-Breysse
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red. Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain; Idoven Research, Madrid, Spain; Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Myocardial Pathophysiology Area, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Martínez-Sellés
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red. Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Europea, Villaviciosa de Odón, 28670 Madrid, Spain.
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17
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Merdler I, Hill AP, Ozturk ST, Cellamare M, Zhang C, Chitturi KR, Banerjee A, Lupu L, Sawant V, Ben-Dor I, Waksman R, Hashim HD, Case BC. Investigating Electrocardiographic Abnormalities in Patients With Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction. Am J Cardiol 2024; 224:9-11. [PMID: 38844196 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2024.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Ilan Merdler
- Section of Interventional Cardiology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Andrew P Hill
- Section of Interventional Cardiology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Sevket Tolga Ozturk
- Section of Interventional Cardiology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Matteo Cellamare
- Section of Interventional Cardiology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Section of Interventional Cardiology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Kalyan R Chitturi
- Section of Interventional Cardiology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Avantika Banerjee
- Section of Interventional Cardiology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Lior Lupu
- Section of Interventional Cardiology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Vaishnavi Sawant
- Section of Interventional Cardiology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Itsik Ben-Dor
- Section of Interventional Cardiology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Ron Waksman
- Section of Interventional Cardiology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia.
| | - Hayder D Hashim
- Section of Interventional Cardiology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Brian C Case
- Section of Interventional Cardiology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia
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18
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Takase B, Ikeda T, Shimizu W, Abe H, Aiba T, Chinushi M, Koba S, Kusano K, Niwano S, Takahashi N, Takatsuki S, Tanno K, Watanabe E, Yoshioka K, Amino M, Fujino T, Iwasaki Y, Kohno R, Kinoshita T, Kurita Y, Masaki N, Murata H, Shinohara T, Yada H, Yodogawa K, Kimura T, Kurita T, Nogami A, Sumitomo N. JCS/JHRS 2022 Guideline on Diagnosis and Risk Assessment of Arrhythmia. J Arrhythm 2024; 40:655-752. [PMID: 39139890 PMCID: PMC11317726 DOI: 10.1002/joa3.13052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Takanori Ikeda
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineToho University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Wataru Shimizu
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineNippon Medical School
| | - Haruhiko Abe
- Department of Heart Rhythm ManagementUniversity of Occupational and Environmental HealthJapan
| | - Takeshi Aiba
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine and GeneticsNational Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | | | - Shinji Koba
- Division of Cardiology, Department of MedicineShowa University School of Medicine
| | - Kengo Kusano
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineNational Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | - Shinichi Niwano
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineKitasato University School of Medicine
| | - Naohiko Takahashi
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Faculty of MedicineOita University
| | | | - Kaoru Tanno
- Cardiovascular Center, Cardiology DivisionShowa University Koto‐Toyosu Hospital
| | - Eiichi Watanabe
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal MedicineFujita Health University Bantane Hospital
| | | | - Mari Amino
- Department of CardiologyTokai University School of Medicine
| | - Tadashi Fujino
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineToho University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Yu‐ki Iwasaki
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineNippon Medical School
| | - Ritsuko Kohno
- Department of Heart Rhythm ManagementUniversity of Occupational and Environmental HealthJapan
| | - Toshio Kinoshita
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineToho University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Yasuo Kurita
- Cardiovascular Center, Mita HospitalInternational University of Health and Welfare
| | - Nobuyuki Masaki
- Department of Intensive Care MedicineNational Defense Medical College
| | | | - Tetsuji Shinohara
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Faculty of MedicineOita University
| | - Hirotaka Yada
- Department of CardiologyInternational University of Health and Welfare Mita Hospital
| | - Kenji Yodogawa
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineNippon Medical School
| | - Takeshi Kimura
- Cardiovascular MedicineKyoto University Graduate School of Medicine
| | | | - Akihiko Nogami
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Tsukuba
| | - Naokata Sumitomo
- Department of Pediatric CardiologySaitama Medical University International Medical Center
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19
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Yang L, Liu X, Yang W, Wang S, Li Z, Lei Y, Liu D. Effect of shenmai injection on anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Complement Ther Med 2024; 83:103053. [PMID: 38801910 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2024.103053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Shenmai injection is a classic herbal prescription, and is often recommended for the treatment of anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity. However, the efficacy and safety of Shenmai injection for the treatment of anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity have not been reported. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a comprehensive search of eight literature databases and two clinical trial registries, retrieving all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) related to the treatment of anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity with Shenmai injection from the establishment of the databases to July 1, 2023. Data analysis was performed using the Meta package in RStudio and RevMan 5.4. The GRADE pro3.6.1 software was utilized for assessing the quality of evidence. RESULTS A total of 16 RCTs including 2140 patients were included in this study. Meta-analysis showed that Shenmai injection had an advantage in improving ST-T segment changes (RR = 0.28; 95 % CI, 0.20 to 0.39; P < 0.0001) (P < 0.01), creatine kinase isoenzyme (SMD = -3.49; 95 % CI, -5.24 to -1.74; P < 0.0001), Prolonged QT interval (RR = 0.46; 95 % CI, 0.28 to 0.75; P = 0.0018), Low QRS Voltage (RR = 0.44; 95 % CI, 0.27 to 0.71; P = 0.0007), sinus tachycardia (RR = 0.41; 95 % CI, 0.28 to 0.60; P < 0.0001), atrial premature beats (RR = 0.55; 95 % CI, 0.35 to 0.87; P = 0.01), Premature Ventricular Contractions (RR = 0.39; 95 % CI, 0.26 to 0.59; P < 0.0001) and creatine kinase (SMD = -1.43; 95 % CI, -2.57 to -0.29; P < 0.0001) in patients with anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity. advantage, which was supported by sensitivity analyses, but not in improving left ventricular ejection fraction (MD = 16.01; 95 % CI, -3.10 to 35.12; P = 0.10) and atrioventricular block (RR = 0.49; 95 % CI, 0.24 to 1.03; P = 0.06). The literature included in the study did not refer to data regarding the safety aspects of Shenmai injection, so we do not yet know the safety of Shenmai injection. The results of subgroup analyses suggested that heterogeneity was not related to the administered dose and chemotherapy regimen. The publication bias test showed no publication bias. The quality of evidence for the results ranged from "very low" to "moderate." CONCLUSION This study suggests that Shenmai injection is effective in treating anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity and is a potential treatment for anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity. However, due to the poor methodological quality of the included RCTs, we recommend rigorous, high-quality, large-sample trials to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xiaorui Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Wen Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Siqi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Zimu Li
- School of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yiming Lei
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China.
| | - Dongling Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China; Gansu Pharmaceutical Industry Innovation Research Institute, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
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20
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Zhou F, Chen L. Leadwise clustering multi-branch network for multi-label ECG classification. Med Eng Phys 2024; 130:104196. [PMID: 39160024 DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2024.104196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
The 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) is widely used for diagnosing cardiovascular diseases in clinical practice. Recently, deep learning methods have become increasingly effective for automatically classifying ECG signals. However, most current research simply combines the 12-lead ECG signals into a matrix without fully considering the intrinsic relationships between the leads and the heart's structure. To better utilize medical domain knowledge, we propose a multi-branch network for multi-label ECG classification and introduce an intuitive and effective lead grouping strategy. Correspondingly, we design multi-branch networks where each branch employs a multi-scale convolutional network structure to extract more comprehensive features, with each branch corresponding to a lead combination. To better integrate features from different leads, we propose a feature weighting fusion module. We evaluate our method on the PTB-XL dataset for classifying 4 arrhythmia types and normal rhythm, and on the China Physiological Signal Challenge 2018 (CPSC2018) database for classifying 8 arrhythmia types and normal rhythm. Experimental results on multiple multi-label datasets demonstrate that our proposed multi-branch network outperforms state-of-the-art networks in multi-label classification tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyan Zhou
- Key Lab of Education Blockchain and Intelligent Technology, Ministry of Education, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, PR China; Guangxi Key Lab of Multi-Source Information Mining and Security, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, PR China.
| | - Lingzhi Chen
- Key Lab of Education Blockchain and Intelligent Technology, Ministry of Education, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, PR China; Guangxi Key Lab of Multi-Source Information Mining and Security, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, PR China
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21
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Günay S, Öztürk A, Yiğit Y. The accuracy of Gemini, GPT-4, and GPT-4o in ECG analysis: A comparison with cardiologists and emergency medicine specialists. Am J Emerg Med 2024; 84:68-73. [PMID: 39096711 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2024.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION GPT-4, GPT-4o and Gemini advanced, which are among the well-known large language models (LLMs), have the capability to recognize and interpret visual data. When the literature is examined, there are a very limited number of studies examining the ECG performance of GPT-4. However, there is no study in the literature examining the success of Gemini and GPT-4o in ECG evaluation. The aim of our study is to evaluate the performance of GPT-4, GPT-4o, and Gemini in ECG evaluation, assess their usability in the medical field, and compare their accuracy rates in ECG interpretation with those of cardiologists and emergency medicine specialists. METHODS The study was conducted from May 14, 2024, to June 3, 2024. The book "150 ECG Cases" served as a reference, containing two sections: daily routine ECGs and more challenging ECGs. For this study, two emergency medicine specialists selected 20 ECG cases from each section, totaling 40 cases. In the next stage, the questions were evaluated by emergency medicine specialists and cardiologists. In the subsequent phase, a diagnostic question was entered daily into GPT-4, GPT-4o, and Gemini Advanced on separate chat interfaces. In the final phase, the responses provided by cardiologists, emergency medicine specialists, GPT-4, GPT-4o, and Gemini Advanced were statistically evaluated across three categories: routine daily ECGs, more challenging ECGs, and the total number of ECGs. RESULTS Cardiologists outperformed GPT-4, GPT-4o, and Gemini Advanced in all three groups. Emergency medicine specialists performed better than GPT-4o in routine daily ECG questions and total ECG questions (p = 0.003 and p = 0.042, respectively). When comparing GPT-4o with Gemini Advanced and GPT-4, GPT-4o performed better in total ECG questions (p = 0.027 and p < 0.001, respectively). In routine daily ECG questions, GPT-4o also outperformed Gemini Advanced (p = 0.004). Weak agreement was observed in the responses given by GPT-4 (p < 0.001, Fleiss Kappa = 0.265) and Gemini Advanced (p < 0.001, Fleiss Kappa = 0.347), while moderate agreement was observed in the responses given by GPT-4o (p < 0.001, Fleiss Kappa = 0.514). CONCLUSION While GPT-4o shows promise, especially in more challenging ECG questions, and may have potential as an assistant for ECG evaluation, its performance in routine and overall assessments still lags behind human specialists. The limited accuracy and consistency of GPT-4 and Gemini suggest that their current use in clinical ECG interpretation is risky.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serkan Günay
- Emergency Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Hitit University Çorum Erol Olçok Education and Research Hospital, Çorum, Turkey.
| | - Ahmet Öztürk
- Emergency Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Hitit University Çorum Erol Olçok Education and Research Hospital, Çorum, Turkey
| | - Yavuz Yiğit
- Emergency Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar.
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22
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Żydowicz WM, Skokowski J, Marano L, Polom K. Navigating the Metaverse: A New Virtual Tool with Promising Real Benefits for Breast Cancer Patients. J Clin Med 2024; 13:4337. [PMID: 39124604 PMCID: PMC11313674 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13154337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BC, affecting both women and men, is a complex disease where early diagnosis plays a crucial role in successful treatment and enhances patient survival rates. The Metaverse, a virtual world, may offer new, personalized approaches to diagnosing and treating BC. Although Artificial Intelligence (AI) is still in its early stages, its rapid advancement indicates potential applications within the healthcare sector, including consolidating patient information in one accessible location. This could provide physicians with more comprehensive insights into disease details. Leveraging the Metaverse could facilitate clinical data analysis and improve the precision of diagnosis, potentially allowing for more tailored treatments for BC patients. However, while this article highlights the possible transformative impacts of virtual technologies on BC treatment, it is important to approach these developments with cautious optimism, recognizing the need for further research and validation to ensure enhanced patient care with greater accuracy and efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weronika Magdalena Żydowicz
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical Oncology, “Saint Wojciech” Hospital, “Nicolaus Copernicus” Health Center, Jana Pawła II 50, 80-462 Gdańsk, Poland; (W.M.Ż.); (J.S.)
| | - Jaroslaw Skokowski
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical Oncology, “Saint Wojciech” Hospital, “Nicolaus Copernicus” Health Center, Jana Pawła II 50, 80-462 Gdańsk, Poland; (W.M.Ż.); (J.S.)
- Department of Medicine, Academy of Applied Medical and Social Sciences, Akademia Medycznych I Spolecznych Nauk Stosowanych (AMiSNS), 2 Lotnicza Street, 82-300 Elbląg, Poland;
| | - Luigi Marano
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical Oncology, “Saint Wojciech” Hospital, “Nicolaus Copernicus” Health Center, Jana Pawła II 50, 80-462 Gdańsk, Poland; (W.M.Ż.); (J.S.)
- Department of Medicine, Academy of Applied Medical and Social Sciences, Akademia Medycznych I Spolecznych Nauk Stosowanych (AMiSNS), 2 Lotnicza Street, 82-300 Elbląg, Poland;
| | - Karol Polom
- Department of Medicine, Academy of Applied Medical and Social Sciences, Akademia Medycznych I Spolecznych Nauk Stosowanych (AMiSNS), 2 Lotnicza Street, 82-300 Elbląg, Poland;
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgical Oncology, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Garbary 15, 61-866 Poznan, Poland
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23
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Jaltotage B, Lu J, Dwivedi G. Use of Artificial Intelligence Including Multimodal Systems to Improve the Management of Cardiovascular Disease. Can J Cardiol 2024:S0828-282X(24)00566-X. [PMID: 39038650 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2024.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The rising prevalence of cardiovascular disease presents an escalating challenge for current health services, which are grappling with increasing demands. Innovative changes are imperative to sustain the delivery of high-quality patient care. Recent technologic advances have resulted in the emergence of artificial intelligence as a viable solution. Advanced algorithms are now capable of performing complex analysis of large volumes of data rapidly and with exceptional accuracy. Multimodality artificial intelligence systems handle a diverse range of data including images, text, video, and audio. Compared with single-modality systems, multimodal artificial intelligence systems appear to hold promise for enhancing overall performance and enabling smoother integration into existing workflows. Such systems can empower physicians with clinical decision support and enhanced efficiency. Owing to the complexity of the field, however, truly multimodal artificial intelligence is still scarce in the management of cardiovascular disease. This article aims to cover current research, emerging trends, and the future utilisation of artificial intelligence in the management of cardiovascular disease, with a focus on multimodality systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biyanka Jaltotage
- Department of Cardiology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Juan Lu
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Girish Dwivedi
- Department of Cardiology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
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Islam MS, Kalmady SV, Hindle A, Sandhu R, Sun W, Sepehrvand N, Greiner R, Kaul P. Diagnostic and Prognostic Electrocardiogram-Based Models for Rapid Clinical Applications. Can J Cardiol 2024:S0828-282X(24)00523-3. [PMID: 38992812 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2024.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Leveraging artificial intelligence (AI) for the analysis of electrocardiograms (ECGs) has the potential to transform diagnosis and estimate the prognosis of not only cardiac but, increasingly, noncardiac conditions. In this review, we summarize clinical studies and AI-enhanced ECG-based clinical applications in the early detection, diagnosis, and estimating prognosis of cardiovascular diseases in the past 5 years (2019-2023). With advancements in deep learning and the rapid increased use of ECG technologies, a large number of clinical studies have been published. However, most of these studies are single-centre, retrospective, proof-of-concept studies that lack external validation. Prospective studies that progress from development toward deployment in clinical settings account for < 15% of the studies. Successful implementations of ECG-based AI applications that have received approval from the Food and Drug Administration have been developed through commercial collaborations, with approximately half of them being for mobile or wearable devices. The field is in its early stages, and overcoming several obstacles is essential, such as prospective validation in multicentre large data sets, addressing technical issues, bias, privacy, data security, model generalizability, and global scalability. This review concludes with a discussion of these challenges and potential solutions. By providing a holistic view of the state of AI in ECG analysis, this review aims to set a foundation for future research directions, emphasizing the need for comprehensive, clinically integrated, and globally deployable AI solutions in cardiovascular disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Saiful Islam
- Canadian VIGOUR Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Sunil Vasu Kalmady
- Canadian VIGOUR Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Abram Hindle
- Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Roopinder Sandhu
- Canadian VIGOUR Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Hospital System, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Weijie Sun
- Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Nariman Sepehrvand
- Canadian VIGOUR Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Russell Greiner
- Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Alberta Machine Intelligence Institute, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Padma Kaul
- Canadian VIGOUR Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
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25
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May AM, Kashou AH. A novel way to prospectively evaluate of AI-enhanced ECG algorithms. J Electrocardiol 2024:S0022-0736(24)00220-6. [PMID: 38997873 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2024.06.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Significant strides will be made in the field of computerized electrocardiology through the development of artificial intelligence (AI)-enhanced ECG (AI-ECG) algorithms. Yet, the scientific discourse has primarily relied upon on retrospective analyses for deriving and externally validating AI-ECG classification algorithms, an approach that fails to fully judge their real-world effectiveness or reveal potential unintended consequences. Prospective trials and analyses of AI-ECG algorithms will be crucial for assessing real-world diagnostic scenarios and understanding their practical utility and degree influence they confer onto clinicians. However, conducting such studies is challenging due to their resource-intensive nature and associated technical and logistical hurdles. To overcome these challenges, we propose an innovative approach to assess AI-ECG algorithms using a virtual testing environment. This strategy can yield critical insights into the practical utility and clinical implications of novel AI-ECG algorithms. Moreover, such an approach can enable an assessment of the influence of AI-ECG algorithms have their users. Herein, we outline a proposed randomized control trial for evaluating the diagnostic efficacy of new AI-ECG algorithm(s) specifically designed to differentiate between wide complex tachycardias into ventricular tachycardia and supraventricular wide complex tachycardia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam M May
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States of America.
| | - Anthony H Kashou
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
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26
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Haghayegh F, Norouziazad A, Haghani E, Feygin AA, Rahimi RH, Ghavamabadi HA, Sadighbayan D, Madhoun F, Papagelis M, Felfeli T, Salahandish R. Revolutionary Point-of-Care Wearable Diagnostics for Early Disease Detection and Biomarker Discovery through Intelligent Technologies. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2400595. [PMID: 38958517 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202400595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Early-stage disease detection, particularly in Point-Of-Care (POC) wearable formats, assumes pivotal role in advancing healthcare services and precision-medicine. Public benefits of early detection extend beyond cost-effectively promoting healthcare outcomes, to also include reducing the risk of comorbid diseases. Technological advancements enabling POC biomarker recognition empower discovery of new markers for various health conditions. Integration of POC wearables for biomarker detection with intelligent frameworks represents ground-breaking innovations enabling automation of operations, conducting advanced large-scale data analysis, generating predictive models, and facilitating remote and guided clinical decision-making. These advancements substantially alleviate socioeconomic burdens, creating a paradigm shift in diagnostics, and revolutionizing medical assessments and technology development. This review explores critical topics and recent progress in development of 1) POC systems and wearable solutions for early disease detection and physiological monitoring, as well as 2) discussing current trends in adoption of smart technologies within clinical settings and in developing biological assays, and ultimately 3) exploring utilities of POC systems and smart platforms for biomarker discovery. Additionally, the review explores technology translation from research labs to broader applications. It also addresses associated risks, biases, and challenges of widespread Artificial Intelligence (AI) integration in diagnostics systems, while systematically outlining potential prospects, current challenges, and opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Haghayegh
- Laboratory of Advanced Biotechnologies for Health Assessments (Lab-HA), Biomedical Engineering Program, Lassonde School of Engineering, York University, Toronto, M3J 1P3, Canada
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Lassonde School of Engineering, York University, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Alireza Norouziazad
- Laboratory of Advanced Biotechnologies for Health Assessments (Lab-HA), Biomedical Engineering Program, Lassonde School of Engineering, York University, Toronto, M3J 1P3, Canada
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Lassonde School of Engineering, York University, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Elnaz Haghani
- Laboratory of Advanced Biotechnologies for Health Assessments (Lab-HA), Biomedical Engineering Program, Lassonde School of Engineering, York University, Toronto, M3J 1P3, Canada
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Lassonde School of Engineering, York University, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Ariel Avraham Feygin
- Laboratory of Advanced Biotechnologies for Health Assessments (Lab-HA), Biomedical Engineering Program, Lassonde School of Engineering, York University, Toronto, M3J 1P3, Canada
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Lassonde School of Engineering, York University, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Reza Hamed Rahimi
- Laboratory of Advanced Biotechnologies for Health Assessments (Lab-HA), Biomedical Engineering Program, Lassonde School of Engineering, York University, Toronto, M3J 1P3, Canada
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Lassonde School of Engineering, York University, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Hamidreza Akbari Ghavamabadi
- Laboratory of Advanced Biotechnologies for Health Assessments (Lab-HA), Biomedical Engineering Program, Lassonde School of Engineering, York University, Toronto, M3J 1P3, Canada
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Lassonde School of Engineering, York University, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Deniz Sadighbayan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, York University, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Faress Madhoun
- Laboratory of Advanced Biotechnologies for Health Assessments (Lab-HA), Biomedical Engineering Program, Lassonde School of Engineering, York University, Toronto, M3J 1P3, Canada
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Lassonde School of Engineering, York University, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Manos Papagelis
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Lassonde School of Engineering, York University, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Tina Felfeli
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Ontario, M5T 3A9, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Ontario, M5T 3M6, Canada
| | - Razieh Salahandish
- Laboratory of Advanced Biotechnologies for Health Assessments (Lab-HA), Biomedical Engineering Program, Lassonde School of Engineering, York University, Toronto, M3J 1P3, Canada
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Lassonde School of Engineering, York University, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
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Strodthoff N, Lopez Alcaraz JM, Haverkamp W. Prospects for artificial intelligence-enhanced electrocardiogram as a unified screening tool for cardiac and non-cardiac conditions: an explorative study in emergency care. EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL. DIGITAL HEALTH 2024; 5:454-460. [PMID: 39081937 PMCID: PMC11284007 DOI: 10.1093/ehjdh/ztae039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Aims Current deep learning algorithms for automatic ECG analysis have shown notable accuracy but are typically narrowly focused on singular diagnostic conditions. This exploratory study aims to investigate the capability of a single deep learning model to predict a diverse range of both cardiac and non-cardiac discharge diagnoses based on a single ECG collected in the emergency department. Methods and results In this study, we assess the performance of a model trained to predict a broad spectrum of diagnoses. We find that the model can reliably predict 253 ICD codes (81 cardiac and 172 non-cardiac) in the sense of exceeding an AUROC score of 0.8 in a statistically significant manner. Conclusion The model demonstrates proficiency in handling a wide array of cardiac and non-cardiac diagnostic scenarios, indicating its potential as a comprehensive screening tool for diverse medical encounters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Strodthoff
- Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, School VI Medicine and Health Services, Department of Health Services Research, Ammerländer Heerstr. 114-118, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Juan Miguel Lopez Alcaraz
- Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, School VI Medicine and Health Services, Department of Health Services Research, Ammerländer Heerstr. 114-118, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Wilhelm Haverkamp
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Cardiology and Metabolism, Clinic for Cardiology, Angiology, and Intensive Care Medicine, Berlin, Germany
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Park J, Kim J, Kang SH, Lee J, Hong Y, Chang HJ, Cho Y, Yoon YE. Artificial intelligence-enhanced electrocardiography analysis as a promising tool for predicting obstructive coronary artery disease in patients with stable angina. EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL. DIGITAL HEALTH 2024; 5:444-453. [PMID: 39081950 PMCID: PMC11284006 DOI: 10.1093/ehjdh/ztae038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Aims The clinical feasibility of artificial intelligence (AI)-based electrocardiography (ECG) analysis for predicting obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) has not been sufficiently validated in patients with stable angina, especially in large sample sizes. Methods and results A deep learning framework for the quantitative ECG (QCG) analysis was trained and internally tested to derive the risk scores (0-100) for obstructive CAD (QCGObstCAD) and extensive CAD (QCGExtCAD) using 50 756 ECG images from 21 866 patients who underwent coronary artery evaluation for chest pain (invasive coronary or computed tomography angiography). External validation was performed in 4517 patients with stable angina who underwent coronary imaging to identify obstructive CAD. The QCGObstCAD and QCGExtCAD scores were significantly increased in the presence of obstructive and extensive CAD (all P < 0.001) and with increasing degrees of stenosis and disease burden, respectively (all P trend < 0.001). In the internal and external tests, QCGObstCAD exhibited a good predictive ability for obstructive CAD [area under the curve (AUC), 0.781 and 0.731, respectively] and severe obstructive CAD (AUC, 0.780 and 0.786, respectively), and QCGExtCAD exhibited a good predictive ability for extensive CAD (AUC, 0.689 and 0.784). In the external test, the QCGObstCAD and QCGExtCAD scores demonstrated independent and incremental predictive values for obstructive and extensive CAD, respectively, over that with conventional clinical risk factors. The QCG scores demonstrated significant associations with lesion characteristics, such as the fractional flow reserve, coronary calcification score, and total plaque volume. Conclusion The AI-based QCG analysis for predicting obstructive CAD in patients with stable angina, including those with severe stenosis and multivessel disease, is feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiesuck Park
- Department of Cardiology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gumi-ro 173beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13620, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Joonghee Kim
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, 13620 Republic of Korea
- ARPI Inc., Dolma-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13605, Republic of Korea
| | - Si-Hyuck Kang
- Department of Cardiology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gumi-ro 173beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13620, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jina Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngtaek Hong
- CONNECT-AI Research Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuk-Jae Chang
- Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- CONNECT-AI Research Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Ontact Health Inc., Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03764, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngjin Cho
- Department of Cardiology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gumi-ro 173beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13620, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- ARPI Inc., Dolma-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13605, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonyee E Yoon
- Department of Cardiology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gumi-ro 173beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13620, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Ontact Health Inc., Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03764, Republic of Korea
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29
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Wu ZJ, Lee BC, Chen YJ, Tsai MC, Chiu CK, Chien YC, Hsieh MJ, Chiang WC, Chen LW, Chang WT, Huang CH, Chen WJ, Ma MHM. Performance of Prehospital ECG and Impact on Prehospital Service Time: Comparison between EMT-II and EMT-P Teams. ACTA CARDIOLOGICA SINICA 2024; 40:412-420. [PMID: 39045376 PMCID: PMC11261359 DOI: 10.6515/acs.202407_40(4).20240401b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Background Prehospital electrocardiogram (PHECG) shortens door-to-balloon time in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction. However, it may increase the prehospital service time, thus offsetting the benefits gained. The performance of PHECG could be influenced by the proficiency of the emergency medical technicians (EMTs). Objectives To investigate whether there are differences in the performance of PHECG between EMT-II and EMT-paramedics (EMT-P). Methods This prospectively designed, retrospectively analyzed study of PHECG was conducted in Taipei from February 2019 to April 2021. Comparisons were made between EMT-II and EMT-P teams. The primary outcomes were the acceptance of PHECG suggestions and prehospital service time. The secondary outcomes were gender disparities in the primary outcomes. Results A total of 2,991 patients were included, of whom 2,617 received PHECG. For the primary outcomes, the acceptance of PHECG was higher in those approached by EMT-P (99.6% vs. 71.5%, p < 0.001). The scene time and scene-to-hospital time showed no significant differences. For gender disparities, the acceptance of PHECG in female patients was significantly lower in those approached by EMT-II (59.3% vs. 99.2%, p < 0.001). The scene time and scene-to-hospital time were generally longer in the female patients, especially in the younger and middle age groups. Compared to EMT-P, both were significantly longer in the female patients approached by EMT-II. Conclusions The acceptance of PHECG was lower in those approached by EMT-II, especially in females. Although there were generally no significant differences between EMT-II and EMT-P, the scene time and scene-to-hospital time were significantly longer in female patients, especially in those aged < 75 years approached by EMT-II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Jia Wu
- Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, National Yan Ming Chiao Tung University
- Department of Nursing, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine
| | - Bin-Chow Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Taipei City Hospital Renai Branch
| | - Ying-Ju Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital
| | | | | | - Yu-Chun Chien
- Emergency Medical Service Division, National Fire Agency, Ministry of the Interior
| | - Ming-Ju Hsieh
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei
| | - Wen-Chiu Chiang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch, Yunlin
| | - Lee-Wei Chen
- Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, National Yan Ming Chiao Tung University
| | - Wei-Tien Chang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei
| | - Chien-Hua Huang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei
| | - Wen-Jone Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taoyuan Min Sheng General Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Matthew Huei-Ming Ma
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch, Yunlin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei
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Liu WT, Hsieh PH, Lin CS, Fang WH, Wang CH, Tsai CS, Hung YJ, Hsieh CB, Lin C, Tsai DJ. Opportunistic Screening for Asymptomatic Left Ventricular Dysfunction With the Use of Electrocardiographic Artificial Intelligence: A Cost-Effectiveness Approach. Can J Cardiol 2024; 40:1310-1321. [PMID: 38092190 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2023.11.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The burden of asymptomatic left ventricular dysfunction (LVD) is greater than that of heart failure; however, a cost-effective tool for asymptomatic LVD screening has not been well validated. We aimed to prospectively validate an artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled electrocardiography (ECG) algorithm for asymptomatic LVD detection and evaluate its cost-effectiveness for opportunistic screening. METHODS In this prospective observational study, patients undergoing ECG at outpatient clinics or health check-ups were enrolled in 2 hospitals in Taiwan. Patients were stratified into LVD (left ventricular ejection fraction ≤ 40%) risk groups according to a previously developed ECG algorithm. The performance of AI-ECG was used to conduct a cost-effectiveness analysis of LVD screening compared with no screening. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) and sensitivity analyses were used to examine the cost-effectiveness and robustness of the results. RESULTS Among the 29,137 patients, the algorithm demonstrated areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves of 0.984 and 0.945 for detecting LVD within 28 days in the 2 hospital cohorts. For patients not initially scheduled for ECG, the algorithm predicted future echocardiograms (high-risk, 46.2%; medium-risk, 31.4%; low-risk, 14.6%) and LVD (high-risk, 26.2%; medium-risk, 3.4%; low-risk, 0.1%) at 12 months. Opportunistic screening with AI-ECG could result in a negative ICER of -$7,439 for patients aged 65 years, with consistent cost-savings across age groups and particularly in men. Approximately 91.5% of the cases were found to be cost-effective at the willingness-to-pay threshold of $30,000 in the probabilistic analysis. CONCLUSIONS The use of AI-ECG for asymptomatic LVD risk stratification is promising, and opportunistic screening in outpatient clinics has the potential to reduce costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ting Liu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Hsuan Hsieh
- School of Pharmacy, National Denfense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Sheng Lin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hui Fang
- Artificial Intelligence of Things Center, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Family and Community Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hung Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Sung Tsai
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jen Hung
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Bao Hsieh
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chin Lin
- Artificial Intelligence of Things Center, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Medical Technology Education Center, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Dung-Jang Tsai
- Artificial Intelligence of Things Center, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Medical Technology Education Center, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Statistics and Information Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
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Ju Y, Waugh JL, Singh S, Rusin CG, Patel AB, Jain PN. A multimodal deep learning tool for detection of junctional ectopic tachycardia in children with congenital heart disease. Heart Rhythm O2 2024; 5:452-459. [PMID: 39119021 PMCID: PMC11305876 DOI: 10.1016/j.hroo.2024.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Junctional ectopic tachycardia (JET) is a prevalent life-threatening arrhythmia in children with congenital heart disease. It has a marked resemblance to normal sinus rhythm, often leading to delay in diagnosis and management. Objective The study sought to develop a novel multimodal automated arrhythmia detection tool that outperforms existing JET detection tools. Methods This is a cohort study performed on 40 patients with congenital heart disease at Texas Children's Hospital. Electrocardiogram and central venous pressure waveform data produced by bedside monitors are captured by the Sickbay platform. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) were trained to classify each heartbeat as either normal sinus rhythm or JET based only on raw electrocardiogram signals. Results Our best model improved the area under the curve from 0.948 to 0.952 and the true positive rate at 5% false positive rate from 71.8% to 80.6%. Using a 3-model ensemble further improved the area under the curve to 0.953 and the true positive rate at 5% false positive rate to 85.2%. Results on a subset of data show that adding central venous pressure can significantly improve area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve from 0.646 to 0.825. Conclusion This study validates the efficacy of deep neural networks to notably improve JET detection accuracy. We have built a performant and reliable model that can be used to create a bedside alarm that diagnoses JET, allowing for precise diagnosis of this life-threatening postoperative arrhythmia and prompt intervention. Future validation of the model in a larger cohort is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilong Ju
- Department of Computer Science, Rice University, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Satpreet Singh
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Craig G. Rusin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas
| | - Ankit B. Patel
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas
| | - Parag N. Jain
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas
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Umemura Y, Okada N, Ogura H, Oda J, Fujimi S. A machine learning model for early and accurate prediction of overt disseminated intravascular coagulation before its progression to an overt stage. Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2024; 8:102519. [PMID: 39221450 PMCID: PMC11363840 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpth.2024.102519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Recent studies suggested an expected survival benefit associated with anticoagulant therapies for sepsis in patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). However, anticoagulant therapies for overt DIC are no longer assumed to regulate pathologic progression as overt DIC is a late-phase coagulation disorder. Therefore, methods for early prediction of sepsis-induced DIC before its progression to an overt stage are strongly required. Objectives We aimed to develop a prediction model for overt DIC using machine learning. Methods This retrospective, observational study included adult septic patients without overt DIC. The objective variable was binary classification of whether patients developed overt DIC based on International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH) overt DIC criteria. Explanatory variables were the baseline and time series data within 7 days from sepsis diagnosis. Light Gradient Boosted Machine method was used to construct the prediction model. For controls, we assessed sensitivity and specificity of Japanese Association for Acute Medicine DIC criteria and ISTH sepsis-induced coagulopathy criteria for subsequent onset of overt DIC. Results Among 912 patients with sepsis, 139 patients developed overt DIC within 7 days from diagnosis of sepsis. Sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for predicting onset of overt DIC within 7 days were 84.4%, 87.5%, and 0.867 in the test cohort and 95.0%, 75.9%, and 0.851 in the validation cohort, respectively. Sensitivity and specificity by the diagnostic thresholds were 54.7% and 74.9% for Japanese Association for Acute Medicine DIC criteria and 63.3% and 71.9% for ISTH sepsis-induced coagulopathy criteria, respectively. Conclusion Compared with conventional DIC scoring systems, a machine learning model might exhibit higher prediction accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Umemura
- Division of Trauma and Surgical Critical Care, Osaka General Medical Center, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Naoki Okada
- Division of Trauma and Surgical Critical Care, Osaka General Medical Center, Osaka, Japan
- Division of Medical Informatics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Informatics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ogura
- Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jun Oda
- Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Fujimi
- Division of Trauma and Surgical Critical Care, Osaka General Medical Center, Osaka, Japan
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Bauer A, Dlaska C. Implantable cardiac monitors: the digital future of risk prediction? EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL. DIGITAL HEALTH 2024; 5:397-398. [PMID: 39081935 PMCID: PMC11284001 DOI: 10.1093/ehjdh/ztae036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Axel Bauer
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Clemens Dlaska
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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Siontis KC, Wieczorek MA, Maanja M, Hodge DO, Kim HK, Lee HJ, Lee H, Lim J, Park CS, Ariga R, Raman B, Mahmod M, Watkins H, Neubauer S, Windecker S, Siontis GCM, Gersh BJ, Ackerman MJ, Attia ZI, Friedman PA, Noseworthy PA. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy detection with artificial intelligence electrocardiography in international cohorts: an external validation study. EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL. DIGITAL HEALTH 2024; 5:416-426. [PMID: 39081936 PMCID: PMC11284003 DOI: 10.1093/ehjdh/ztae029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Aims Recently, deep learning artificial intelligence (AI) models have been trained to detect cardiovascular conditions, including hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), from the 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG). In this external validation study, we sought to assess the performance of an AI-ECG algorithm for detecting HCM in diverse international cohorts. Methods and results A convolutional neural network-based AI-ECG algorithm was developed previously in a single-centre North American HCM cohort (Mayo Clinic). This algorithm was applied to the raw 12-lead ECG data of patients with HCM and non-HCM controls from three external cohorts (Bern, Switzerland; Oxford, UK; and Seoul, South Korea). The algorithm's ability to distinguish HCM vs. non-HCM status from the ECG alone was examined. A total of 773 patients with HCM and 3867 non-HCM controls were included across three sites in the merged external validation cohort. The HCM study sample comprised 54.6% East Asian, 43.2% White, and 2.2% Black patients. Median AI-ECG probabilities of HCM were 85% for patients with HCM and 0.3% for controls (P < 0.001). Overall, the AI-ECG algorithm had an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.922 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.910-0.934], with diagnostic accuracy 86.9%, sensitivity 82.8%, and specificity 87.7% for HCM detection. In age- and sex-matched analysis (case-control ratio 1:2), the AUC was 0.921 (95% CI 0.909-0.934) with accuracy 88.5%, sensitivity 82.8%, and specificity 90.4%. Conclusion The AI-ECG algorithm determined HCM status from the 12-lead ECG with high accuracy in diverse international cohorts, providing evidence for external validity. The value of this algorithm in improving HCM detection in clinical practice and screening settings requires prospective evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos C Siontis
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Mikolaj A Wieczorek
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Rd S, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Maren Maanja
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Eugeniavägen 3, Solna, Sweden
| | - David O Hodge
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Rd S, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Hyung-Kwan Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University Hospital, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jung Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University Hospital, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Heesun Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul National University Hospital, 152 Tehran Street, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehyun Lim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University Hospital, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Soon Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University Hospital, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Rina Ariga
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Betty Raman
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Masliza Mahmod
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Hugh Watkins
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Stefan Neubauer
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Stephan Windecker
- Department of Cardiology, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 20, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - George C M Siontis
- Department of Cardiology, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 20, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Bernard J Gersh
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Michael J Ackerman
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Windland Smith Rice Genetic Heart Rhythm Clinic, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Windland Smith Rice Sudden Death Genomics Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Zachi I Attia
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Paul A Friedman
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Peter A Noseworthy
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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Leung R, Wang B, Gottbrecht M, Doerr A, Marya N, Soni A, McManus DD, Lin H. Association between deep neural network-derived electrocardiographic-age and incident stroke. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1368094. [PMID: 39006167 PMCID: PMC11239432 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1368094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Stroke continues to be a leading cause of death and disability worldwide despite improvements in prevention and treatment. Traditional stroke risk calculators are biased and imprecise. Novel stroke predictors need to be identified. Recently, deep neural networks (DNNs) have been used to determine age from ECGs, otherwise known as the electrocardiographic-age (ECG-age), which predicts clinical outcomes. However, the relationship between ECG-age and stroke has not been well studied. We hypothesized that ECG-age is associated with incident stroke. Methods In this study, UK Biobank participants with available ECGs (from 2014 or later). ECG-age was estimated using a deep neural network (DNN) applied to raw ECG waveforms. We calculated the Δage (ECG-age minus chronological age) and classified individuals as having normal, accelerated, or decelerated aging if Δage was within, higher, or lower than the mean absolute error of the model, respectively. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models adjusted for age, sex, and clinical factors were used to assess the association between Δage and incident stroke. Results The study population included 67,757 UK Biobank participants (mean age 65 ± 8 years; 48.3% male). Every 10-year increase in Δage was associated with a 22% increase in incident stroke [HR, 1.22 (95% CI, 1.00-1.49)] in the multivariable-adjusted model. Accelerated aging was associated with a 42% increase in incident stroke [HR, 1.42 (95% CI, 1.12-1.80)] compared to normal aging. In addition, Δage was associated with prevalent stroke [OR, 1.28 (95% CI, 1.11-1.49)]. Conclusions DNN-estimated ECG-age was associated with incident and prevalent stroke in the UK Biobank. Further investigation is required to determine if ECG-age can be used as a reliable biomarker of stroke risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Leung
- Program in Digital Medicine, Department of Medicine, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Biqi Wang
- Program in Digital Medicine, Department of Medicine, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
- Division of Health Systems Science, Department of Medicine, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Matthew Gottbrecht
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Adam Doerr
- Program in Digital Medicine, Department of Medicine, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Neil Marya
- Program in Digital Medicine, Department of Medicine, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Apurv Soni
- Program in Digital Medicine, Department of Medicine, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
- Division of Health Systems Science, Department of Medicine, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - David D. McManus
- Program in Digital Medicine, Department of Medicine, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
- Division of Health Systems Science, Department of Medicine, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Honghuang Lin
- Program in Digital Medicine, Department of Medicine, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
- Division of Health Systems Science, Department of Medicine, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
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Chiou N, Koyejo S, Ngaruiya C. Bridging gaps in automated acute myocardial infarction detection between high-income and low-income countries. PLOS GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 4:e0003240. [PMID: 38941326 PMCID: PMC11213339 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0003240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Chiou
- Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Sanmi Koyejo
- Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Christine Ngaruiya
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
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Zhu L, Mou W, Wu K, Lai Y, Lin A, Yang T, Zhang J, Luo P. Multimodal ChatGPT-4V for Electrocardiogram Interpretation: Promise and Limitations. J Med Internet Res 2024; 26:e54607. [PMID: 38764297 PMCID: PMC11237788 DOI: 10.2196/54607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the capabilities of the newly released ChatGPT-4V, a large language model with visual recognition abilities, in interpreting electrocardiogram waveforms and answering related multiple-choice questions for assisting with cardiovascular care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxuan Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiming Mou
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Keren Wu
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yancheng Lai
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Anqi Lin
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Bejing, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng Luo
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Mayourian J, Sleeper LA, Lee JH, Lu M, Geva A, Mulder B, Babu‐Narayan SV, Wald RM, Sompolinsky T, Valente AM, Geva T. Development and Validation of a Mortality Risk Score for Repaired Tetralogy of Fallot. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e034871. [PMID: 38860401 PMCID: PMC11255736 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.034871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Robust risk assessment is crucial for the growing repaired tetralogy of Fallot population at risk of major adverse clinical outcomes; however, current tools are hindered by lack of validation. This study aims to develop and validate a risk prediction model for death in the repaired tetralogy of Fallot population. METHODS AND RESULTS Patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot enrolled in the INDICATOR (International Multicenter Tetralogy of Fallot Registry) cohort with clinical, arrhythmia, cardiac magnetic resonance, and outcome data were included. Patients from London, Amsterdam, and Boston sites were placed in the development cohort; patients from the Toronto site were used for external validation. Multivariable Cox regression was used to evaluate factors associated with time from cardiac magnetic resonance until the primary outcome: all-cause death. Of 1552 eligible patients (n=1221 in development, n=331 in validation; median age at cardiac magnetic resonance 23.4 [interquartile range, 15.6-35.6] years; median follow up 9.5 years), 102 (6.6%) experienced the primary outcome. The multivariable Cox model performed similarly during development (concordance index, 0.83 [95% CI, 0.78-0.88]) and external validation (concordance index, 0.80 [95% CI, 0.71-0.90]) and identified older age at cardiac magnetic resonance, obesity, type of tetralogy of Fallot repair, higher right ventricular end-systolic volume index, and lower biventricular global function index as independent predictors of death. A risk-scoring algorithm dividing patients into low-risk (score ≤4) versus high-risk (score >4) groups was validated to effectively discriminate risk of death (15-year survival of 95% versus 74%, respectively; P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS This externally validated mortality risk prediction algorithm can help identify vulnerable patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot who may benefit from targeted interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Mayourian
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Department of PediatricsHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Lynn A. Sleeper
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Department of PediatricsHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Ji Hae Lee
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Department of PediatricsHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Minmin Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Department of PediatricsHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Alon Geva
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, and Computational Health Informatics Program, Boston Children’s Hospital and Department of AnaesthesiaHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Barbara Mulder
- Department of CardiologyAmsterdam University Medical CentreAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Sonya V. Babu‐Narayan
- Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation TrustNational Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial CollegeLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Rachel M. Wald
- Division of CardiologyUniversity of Toronto, Peter Munk Cardiac CentreTorontoONCanada
| | - Tehila Sompolinsky
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Department of PediatricsHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Anne Marie Valente
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Department of PediatricsHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Tal Geva
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Department of PediatricsHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
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Doolub G, Khurshid S, Theriault-Lauzier P, Nolin Lapalme A, Tastet O, So D, Labrecque Langlais E, Cobin D, Avram R. Revolutionising Acute Cardiac Care With Artificial Intelligence: Opportunities and Challenges. Can J Cardiol 2024:S0828-282X(24)00443-4. [PMID: 38901544 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2024.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
This article reviews the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in acute cardiac care, highlighting its potential to transform patient outcomes in the face of the global burden of cardiovascular diseases. It explores how AI algorithms can rapidly and accurately process data for the prediction and diagnosis of acute cardiac conditions. The review examines AI's impact on patient health across various diagnostic tools such as echocardiography, electrocardiography, coronary angiography, cardiac computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging, discusses the regulatory landscape for AI in health care, and categorises AI algorithms by their risk levels. Furthermore, it addresses the challenges of data quality, generalisability, bias, transparency, and regulatory considerations, underscoring the necessity for inclusive data and robust validation processes. The review concludes with future perspectives on integrating AI into clinical workflows and the ongoing need for research, regulation, and innovation to harness AI's full potential in improving acute cardiac care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemina Doolub
- Department of Medicine, Montréal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Shaan Khurshid
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA; Demoulas Center for Cardiac Arrhythmias, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Alexis Nolin Lapalme
- Department of Medicine, Montréal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Heartwise (heartwise.ai), Montréal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Mila-Québec AI Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Olivier Tastet
- Heartwise (heartwise.ai), Montréal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Derek So
- University of Ottawa, Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Denis Cobin
- Heartwise (heartwise.ai), Montréal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Robert Avram
- Department of Medicine, Montréal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Heartwise (heartwise.ai), Montréal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
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Kowalczewski A, Sun S, Mai NY, Song Y, Hoang P, Liu X, Yang H, Ma Z. Design optimization of geometrically confined cardiac organoids enabled by machine learning techniques. CELL REPORTS METHODS 2024; 4:100798. [PMID: 38889687 PMCID: PMC11228370 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmeth.2024.100798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Stem cell organoids are powerful models for studying organ development, disease modeling, drug screening, and regenerative medicine applications. The convergence of organoid technology, tissue engineering, and artificial intelligence (AI) could potentially enhance our understanding of the design principles for organoid engineering. In this study, we utilized micropatterning techniques to create a designer library of 230 cardiac organoids with 7 geometric designs. We employed manifold learning techniques to analyze single organoid heterogeneity based on 10 physiological parameters. We clustered and refined the cardiac organoids based on their functional similarity using unsupervised machine learning approaches, thus elucidating unique functionalities associated with geometric designs. We also highlighted the critical role of calcium transient rising time in distinguishing organoids based on geometric patterns and clustering results. This integration of organoid engineering and machine learning enhances our understanding of structure-function relationships in cardiac organoids, paving the way for more controlled and optimized organoid design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Kowalczewski
- Department of Biomedical & Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA; BioInspired Syracuse Institute for Material and Living Systems, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Shiyang Sun
- Department of Biomedical & Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA; BioInspired Syracuse Institute for Material and Living Systems, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Nhu Y Mai
- Department of Biomedical & Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA; BioInspired Syracuse Institute for Material and Living Systems, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Yuanhui Song
- Department of Biomedical & Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA; BioInspired Syracuse Institute for Material and Living Systems, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Plansky Hoang
- Department of Biomedical & Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA; BioInspired Syracuse Institute for Material and Living Systems, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Xiyuan Liu
- Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Huaxiao Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA
| | - Zhen Ma
- Department of Biomedical & Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA; BioInspired Syracuse Institute for Material and Living Systems, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA.
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Liu J, Li J, Duan Y, Zhou Y, Fan X, Li S, Chang S. MA-MIL: Sampling point-level abnormal ECG location method via weakly supervised learning. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2024; 250:108164. [PMID: 38718709 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2024.108164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Current automatic electrocardiogram (ECG) diagnostic systems could provide classification outcomes but often lack explanations for these results. This limitation hampers their application in clinical diagnoses. Previous supervised learning could not highlight abnormal segmentation output accurately enough for clinical application without manual labeling of large ECG datasets. METHOD In this study, we present a multi-instance learning framework called MA-MIL, which has designed a multi-layer and multi-instance structure that is aggregated step by step at different scales. We evaluated our method using the public MIT-BIH dataset and our private dataset. RESULTS The results show that our model performed well in both ECG classification output and heartbeat level, sub-heartbeat level abnormal segment detection, with accuracy and F1 scores of 0.987 and 0.986 for ECG classification and 0.968 and 0.949 for heartbeat level abnormal detection, respectively. Compared to visualization methods, the IoU values of MA-MIL improved by at least 17 % and at most 31 % across all categories. CONCLUSIONS MA-MIL could accurately locate the abnormal ECG segment, offering more trustworthy results for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Liu
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, China Medical University, China
| | - Jiadong Li
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, China Medical University, China
| | - Yuxin Duan
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, China Medical University, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, China Medical University, China
| | - Xiaoxue Fan
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, China Medical University, China
| | - Shuo Li
- School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shijie Chang
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, China Medical University, China.
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Haverkamp W, Strodthoff N. [Artificial intelligence-enhanced electrocardiography : Will it revolutionize diagnosis and management of our patients?]. Herzschrittmacherther Elektrophysiol 2024; 35:104-110. [PMID: 38361131 DOI: 10.1007/s00399-024-00997-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare has made significant progress in the last 10 years. Many experts believe that utilization of AI technologies, especially deep learning, will bring about drastic changes in how physicians understand, diagnose, and treat diseases. One aspect of this development is AI-enhanced electrocardiography (ECG) analysis. It involves not only optimizing the traditional ECG analysis by the physician and improving the accuracy of automatic interpretation by the ECG device but also introducing entirely new diagnostic options enabled by AI. Examples include assessing left ventricular function, predicting atrial fibrillation, and diagnosing both cardiac and noncardiac conditions. Through AI, the ECG becomes a comprehensive tool for screening, diagnosis, and patient management, potentially revolutionizing clinical practices. This paper provides an overview of the current state of this development, discusses existing limitations, and explores the challenges that may arise for healthcare professionals in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilhelm Haverkamp
- Abteilung für Kardiologie und Metabolismus, Medizinische Klinik mit Schwerpunkt Kardiologie, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Deutschland.
| | - Nils Strodthoff
- Department für Versorgungsforschung, Fakultät VI - Medizin und Gesundheitswissenschaften, Abteilung AI4Health, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Deutschland
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Tolu-Akinnawo O, Ezekwueme F, Awoyemi T. Telemedicine in Cardiology: Enhancing Access to Care and Improving Patient Outcomes. Cureus 2024; 16:e62852. [PMID: 38912070 PMCID: PMC11192510 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.62852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Telemedicine has gained significant recognition, particularly since the COVID-19 pandemic. However, its roots date back to its significant role during major epidemic outbreaks such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), H1N1 and H7N9 influenza, and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), where alternate means of accessing healthcare were adopted to combat the outbreak while limiting the spread of the virus. In Sub-Saharan Africa, telemedicine has supported healthcare delivery, patient and professional health education, disease prevention, and surveillance, starting with its first adoption in Ethiopia in 1980. In the United States, telemedicine has significantly impacted cardiology, particularly at-home monitoring programs, which have proven highly effective for patients with abnormal heart rhythms. Devices such as Holter monitors, blood pressure monitors, and implantable cardioverter-defibrillators have reduced mortality rates and hospital readmissions while improving healthcare efficiency by saving healthcare costs. However, the COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the adoption of telemedicine, as evidenced by a dramatic increase in telemedicine visits at institutions like New York University (NYU) Langone Health during and post-COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, telemedicine has also facilitated cardiac rehabilitation and improved access to specialized cardiology care in rural and underserved areas, reducing disparities in cardiovascular health outcomes. As technology advances, telemedicine is poised to play an increasingly significant role in cardiology and healthcare at large, enhancing patient management, healthcare efficiency, and cost reduction. This review underscores the significance of telemedicine in cardiology, its challenges, and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francis Ezekwueme
- Internal Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburg, USA
| | - Toluwalase Awoyemi
- Internal Medicine, Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, GBR
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44
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Du Y, Kim JH, Kong H, Li AA, Jin ML, Kim DH, Wang Y. Biocompatible Electronic Skins for Cardiovascular Health Monitoring. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2303461. [PMID: 38569196 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202303461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases represent a significant threat to the overall well-being of the global population. Continuous monitoring of vital signs related to cardiovascular health is essential for improving daily health management. Currently, there has been remarkable proliferation of technology focused on collecting data related to cardiovascular diseases through daily electronic skin monitoring. However, concerns have arisen regarding potential skin irritation and inflammation due to the necessity for prolonged wear of wearable devices. To ensure comfortable and uninterrupted cardiovascular health monitoring, the concept of biocompatible electronic skin has gained substantial attention. In this review, biocompatible electronic skins for cardiovascular health monitoring are comprehensively summarized and discussed. The recent achievements of biocompatible electronic skin in cardiovascular health monitoring are introduced. Their working principles, fabrication processes, and performances in sensing technologies, materials, and integration systems are highlighted, and comparisons are made with other electronic skins used for cardiovascular monitoring. In addition, the significance of integrating sensing systems and the updating wireless communication for the development of the smart medical field is explored. Finally, the opportunities and challenges for wearable electronic skin are also examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucong Du
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Institute for Future, Shandong Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology, School of Automation, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Ji Hong Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
- Clean-Energy Research Institute, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Hui Kong
- Institute for Future, Shandong Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology, School of Automation, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Anne Ailina Li
- Institute for Future, Shandong Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology, School of Automation, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Ming Liang Jin
- Institute for Future, Shandong Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology, School of Automation, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Do Hwan Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
- Clean-Energy Research Institute, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Yin Wang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
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Han C, Yoon D. An Explainable Artificial Intelligence-enabled ECG Framework for the Prediction of Subclinical Coronary Atherosclerosis. AMIA JOINT SUMMITS ON TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE PROCEEDINGS. AMIA JOINT SUMMITS ON TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2024; 2024:535-544. [PMID: 38827057 PMCID: PMC11141849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Coronary artery calcium (CAC) as assessed by computed tomography (CT) is a marker of subclinical coronary atherosclerosis. However, routine application of CAC scoring via CT is limited by high costs and accessibility. An electrocardiogram (ECG) is a widely-used, sensitive, cost-effective, non-invasive, and radiation-free diagnostic tool. Considering this, if artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled electrocardiograms (ECGs) could opportunistically detect CAC, it would be particularly beneficial for the asymptomatic or subclinical populations, acting as an initial screening measure, paving the way for further confirmatory tests and preventive strategies, a step ahead of conventional practices. With this aim, we developed an AI-enabled ECG framework that not only predicts a CAC score ≥400 but also offers a visual explanation of the associated potential morphological ECG changes, and tested its efficacy on individuals undergoing health checkups, a group primarily comprising healthy or subclinical individuals. To ensure broader applicability, we performed external validation at a separate institution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changho Han
- Department of Biomedical Systems Informatics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Dukyong Yoon
- Department of Biomedical Systems Informatics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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Shivashankara KK, Deepanshi, Mehri Shervedani A, Clifford GD, Reyna MA, Sameni R. ECG-Image-Kit: a synthetic image generation toolbox to facilitate deep learning-based electrocardiogram digitization. Physiol Meas 2024; 45:055019. [PMID: 39150768 PMCID: PMC11135178 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6579/ad4954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/18/2024]
Abstract
Objective.Cardiovascular diseases are a major cause of mortality globally, and electrocardiograms (ECGs) are crucial for diagnosing them. Traditionally, ECGs are stored in printed formats. However, these printouts, even when scanned, are incompatible with advanced ECG diagnosis software that require time-series data. Digitizing ECG images is vital for training machine learning models in ECG diagnosis, leveraging the extensive global archives collected over decades. Deep learning models for image processing are promising in this regard, although the lack of clinical ECG archives with reference time-series data is challenging. Data augmentation techniques using realistic generative data models provide a solution.Approach.We introduceECG-Image-Kit, an open-source toolbox for generating synthetic multi-lead ECG images with realistic artifacts from time-series data, aimed at automating the conversion of scanned ECG images to ECG data points. The tool synthesizes ECG images from real time-series data, applying distortions like text artifacts, wrinkles, and creases on a standard ECG paper background.Main results.As a case study, we used ECG-Image-Kit to create a dataset of 21 801 ECG images from the PhysioNet QT database. We developed and trained a combination of a traditional computer vision and deep neural network model on this dataset to convert synthetic images into time-series data for evaluation. We assessed digitization quality by calculating the signal-to-noise ratio and compared clinical parameters like QRS width, RR, and QT intervals recovered from this pipeline, with the ground truth extracted from ECG time-series. The results show that this deep learning pipeline accurately digitizes paper ECGs, maintaining clinical parameters, and highlights a generative approach to digitization.Significance.The toolbox has broad applications, including model development for ECG image digitization and classification. The toolbox currently supports data augmentation for the 2024 PhysioNet Challenge, focusing on digitizing and classifying paper ECG images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kshama Kodthalu Shivashankara
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States of America
| | - Deepanshi
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States of America
| | - Afagh Mehri Shervedani
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, United States of America
| | - Gari D Clifford
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States of America
| | - Matthew A Reyna
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States of America
| | - Reza Sameni
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States of America
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Smaranda AM, Drăgoiu TS, Caramoci A, Afetelor AA, Ionescu AM, Bădărău IA. Artificial Intelligence in Sports Medicine: Reshaping Electrocardiogram Analysis for Athlete Safety-A Narrative Review. Sports (Basel) 2024; 12:144. [PMID: 38921838 PMCID: PMC11209071 DOI: 10.3390/sports12060144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is redefining electrocardiogram (ECG) analysis in pre-participation examination (PPE) of athletes, enhancing the detection and monitoring of cardiovascular health. Cardiovascular concerns, including sudden cardiac death, pose significant risks during sports activities. Traditional ECG, essential yet limited, often fails to distinguish between benign cardiac adaptations and serious conditions. This narrative review investigates the application of machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) in ECG interpretation, aiming to improve the detection of arrhythmias, channelopathies, and hypertrophic cardiomyopathies. A literature review over the past decade, sourcing from PubMed and Google Scholar, highlights the growing adoption of AI in sports medicine for its precision and predictive capabilities. AI algorithms excel at identifying complex cardiac patterns, potentially overlooked by traditional methods, and are increasingly integrated into wearable technologies for continuous monitoring. Overall, by offering a comprehensive overview of current innovations and outlining future advancements, this review supports sports medicine professionals in merging traditional screening methods with state-of-the-art AI technologies. This approach aims to enhance diagnostic accuracy and efficiency in athlete care, promoting early detection and more effective monitoring through AI-enhanced ECG analysis within athlete PPEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Maria Smaranda
- Discipline of Sports Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (A.C.); (A.M.I.)
- Sports Medicine Resident Doctor, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Teodora Simina Drăgoiu
- Sports Medicine Resident Doctor, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Adela Caramoci
- Discipline of Sports Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (A.C.); (A.M.I.)
- National Institute of Sports Medicine, 022103 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Adelina Ana Afetelor
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, “Marius Nasta” National Institute of Pneumology, 050159 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Anca Mirela Ionescu
- Discipline of Sports Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (A.C.); (A.M.I.)
- National Institute of Sports Medicine, 022103 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ioana Anca Bădărău
- Department of Physiology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
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Cha YM, Attia IZ, Metzger C, Lopez-Jimenez F, Tan NY, Cruz J, Upadhyay GA, Mullane S, Harrell C, Kinar Y, Sedelnikov I, Lerman A, Friedman PA, Asirvatham SJ. Machine learning for prediction of ventricular arrhythmia episodes from intracardiac electrograms of automatic implantable cardioverter-defibrillators. Heart Rhythm 2024:S1547-5271(24)02634-1. [PMID: 38797305 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2024.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite effectiveness of the implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) in saving patients with life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias (VAs), the temporal occurrence of VA after ICD implantation is unpredictable. OBJECTIVE The study aimed to apply machine learning (ML) to intracardiac electrograms (IEGMs) recorded by ICDs as a unique biomarker for predicting impending VAs. METHODS The study included 13,516 patients who received Biotronik ICDs and enrolled in the CERTITUDE registry between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2020. Database extraction included IEGMs from standard quarterly transmissions and VA event episodes. The processed IEGM data were pulled from device transmissions stored in a centralized Home Monitoring Service Center and reformatted into an analyzable format. Long-range (baseline or first scheduled remote recording), mid-range (scheduled remote recording every 90 days), or short-range predictions (IEGM within 5 seconds before the VA onset) were used to determine whether ML-processed IEGMs predicted impending VA events. Convolutional neural network classifiers using ResNet architecture were employed. RESULTS Of 13,516 patients (male, 72%; age, 67.5 ± 11.9 years), 301,647 IEGM recordings were collected; 27,845 episodes of sustained ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation were observed in 4467 patients (33.0%). Neural networks based on convolutional neural networks using ResNet-like architectures on far-field IEGMs yielded an area under the curve of 0.83 with a 95% confidence interval of 0.79-0.87 in the short term, whereas the long-range and mid-range analyses had minimal predictive value for VA events. CONCLUSION In this study, applying ML to ICD-acquired IEGMs predicted impending ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation events seconds before they occurred, whereas midterm to long-term predictions were not successful. This could have important implications for future device therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Mei Cha
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
| | - Itzhak Zachi Attia
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | | | - Nicholas Y Tan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Jessica Cruz
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Gaurav A Upadhyay
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | | | | | | | - Amir Lerman
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Paul A Friedman
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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Moody JB, Poitrasson-Rivière A, Renaud JM, Hagio T, Alahdab F, Al-Mallah MH, Vanderver MD, Ficaro EP, Murthy VL. Self-supervised deep representation learning of a foundation transformer model enabling efficient ECG-based assessment of cardiac and coronary function with limited labels. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2023.10.25.23297552. [PMID: 37961713 PMCID: PMC10635192 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.25.23297552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Background: Although deep learning methods have shown great promise for identification of structural and functional cardiac abnormalities using electrocardiographic data, these methods are data hungry, posing a challenge for critically important tasks where ground truth labels are relatively scarce. Impaired coronary microvascular and vasomotor function is difficult to identify with standard clinical methods of cardiovascular testing such as coronary angiography and noninvasive single photon emission tomography (SPECT) myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI). Gold standard data from positron emission tomography (PET) are gaining emphasis in clinical guidelines but are expensive and only available in relatively limited centers. We hypothesized that signals embedded within resting and stress electrocardiograms (ECGs) identify individuals with microvascular and vasomotor dysfunction. Methods: We developed and pretrained a self-supervised foundation vision transformer model using a large database of unlabeled ECG waveforms (N=800,035). We then fine-tuned the foundation model for two clinical tasks: the difficult problem of identifying patients with impaired myocardial flow reserve (AI-MFR), and the relatively easier problem of detecting impaired LVEF (AI-LVEF). A second ECG database was labeled with task-specific annotations derived from quantitative PET MPI (N=4167). Diagnostic accuracy of AI predictions was tested in a holdout set of patients undergoing PET MPI (N=1031). Prognostic evaluation was performed in the PET holdout cohort, as well as independent cohorts of patients undergoing pharmacologic or exercise stress SPECT MPI (N=6635). Results: The diagnostic accuracy of AI-MFR with SSL pretraining increased significantly compared to de novo supervised training (AUROC, sensitivity, specificity: 0.758, 70.1%, 69.4% vs. 0.632, 66.1%, 57.3%, p < 0.0001). SSL pretraining also produced a smaller increase in AI-LVEF accuracy (AUROC, sensitivity, specificity: 0.946, 89.4%, 85.9% vs. 0.918, 87.6%, 82.5%, p < 0.02). Abnormal AI-MFR was found to be significantly associated with mortality risk in all three test cohorts (Hazard Ratio (HR) 2.61 [95% CI 1.83, 3.71], p < 0.0001, PET cohort; HR 2.30 [2.03, 2.61], p < 0.0001, pharmacologic stress SPECT cohort; HR 3.76 [2.36, 5.99], p < 0.0001, exercise stress SPECT cohort). Conclusion: SSL pretraining of a vision transformer foundation model enabled identification of signals predictive of impaired MFR, a hallmark of microvascular and vasomotor dysfunction, and impaired LV function in resting and stress ECG waveforms. These signals are powerful predictors of prognosis in patients undergoing routine noninvasive stress testing and could enable more efficient diagnosis and management of these common conditions.
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王 泓, 米 利, 张 越, 葛 兰, 赖 杰, 陈 韬, 李 健, 时 向, 修 建, 唐 闵, 阳 维, 郭 军. [An intelligent model for classifying supraventricular tachycardia mechanisms based on 12-lead wearable electrocardiogram devices]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2024; 44:851-858. [PMID: 38862442 PMCID: PMC11166714 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2024.05.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop an intelligent model for differential diagnosis of atrioventricular nodal re-entrant tachycardia (AVNRT) and atrioventricular re-entrant tachycardia (AVRT) using 12-lead wearable electrocardiogram devices. METHODS A total of 356 samples of 12-lead supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) electrocardiograms recorded by wearable devices were randomly divided into training and validation sets using 5-fold cross validation to establish the intelligent classification model, and 101 patients with the diagnosis of SVT undergoing electrophysiological studies and radiofrequency ablation from October, 2021 to March, 2023 were selected as the testing set. The changes in electrocardiogram parameters before and during induced tachycardia were compared. Based on multiscale deep neural network, an intelligent diagnosis model for classifying SVT mechanisms was constructed and validated. The 3-lead electrocardiogram signals from Ⅱ, Ⅲ, and Ⅴ1 were extracted to build new classification models, whose diagnostic efficacy was compared with that of the 12-lead model. RESULTS Of the 101 patients with SVT in the testing set, 68 were diagnosed with AVNRT and 33 were diagnosed with AVRT by electrophysiological study. The pre-trained model achieved a high area under the precision-recall curve (0.9492) and F1 score (0.8195) for identifying AVNRT in the validation set. The total F1 scores of the lead Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅴ1, 3-lead and 12-lead intelligent diagnostic models in the testing set were 0.5597, 0.6061, 0.3419, 0.6003 and 0.6136, respectively. Compared with the 12-lead classification model, the lead-Ⅲ model had a net reclassification index improvement of -0.029 (P=0.878) and an integrated discrimination index improvement of -0.005 (P=0.965). CONCLUSION The intelligent diagnostic model based on multiscale deep neural network using wearable electrocardiogram devices has an acceptable accuracy for classifying SVT mechanisms.
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