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Reyad-Ul-Ferdous M, Gul I, Raheem MA, Pandey V, Qin P. Mitochondrial UCP1: Potential thermogenic mechanistic switch for the treatment of obesity and neurodegenerative diseases using natural and epigenetic drug candidates. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 130:155672. [PMID: 38810549 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brown fat is known to provide non-shivering thermogenesis through mitochondrial uncoupling mediated by uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1). Non-shivering is not dependent on UCP2, UCP4, and BMCP1/UCP5 genes, which are distinct from UCP1 in a way that they are not constitutive uncouplers. Although they are susceptible to free fatty acid and free radical activation, their functioning has a significant impact on the performance of neurons. METHODOLOGY Using subject-specific keywords (Adipose tissue; Adipocytes; Mitochondria; Obesity; Thermogenesis; UCP's in Neurodegeneration; Alzheimer's disease; Parkinson's disease), research articles and reviews were retrieved from Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and PubMed. This article includespublications published between 2018 and 2023. The drugs that upregulate UCP1 are included in the study while the drugs that do not impact UCP1 are were not included. RESULTS Neuronal UCPs have a direct impact on synaptic plasticity, neurodegenerative processes, and neurotransmission, by modulating calcium flux, mitochondrial biogenesis, local temperature, and free radical generation. Numerous significant advances in the study of neuronal UCPs and neuroprotection are still to be made. Identification of the tissue-dependent effects of UCPs is essential first. Pharmacologically targeting neuronal UCPs is a key strategy for preventing both neurodegenerative diseases and physiological aging. Given that UCP2 has activities that are tissue-specific, it will be essential to develop treatments without harmful side effects. The triggering of UCPs by CoQ, an essential cofactor, produces nigral mitochondrial uncoupling, reduces MPTP-induced toxicity, and may even decrease the course of Parkinson's disease, according to early indications. CONCLUSION Herein, we explore the potential of UCP1 as a therapeutic target for treating obesity, neurodegenerative diseases as well as a potential activator of both synthetic and natural drugs. A deeper knowledge of synaptic signaling and neurodegeneration may pave the way to new discoveries regarding the functioning and controlling of these genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Reyad-Ul-Ferdous
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Ijaz Gul
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Muhammad Akmal Raheem
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Vijay Pandey
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Peiwu Qin
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
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Widjaja AA, Lim WW, Viswanathan S, Chothani S, Corden B, Dasan CM, Goh JWT, Lim R, Singh BK, Tan J, Pua CJ, Lim SY, Adami E, Schafer S, George BL, Sweeney M, Xie C, Tripathi M, Sims NA, Hübner N, Petretto E, Withers DJ, Ho L, Gil J, Carling D, Cook SA. Inhibition of IL-11 signalling extends mammalian healthspan and lifespan. Nature 2024:10.1038/s41586-024-07701-9. [PMID: 39020175 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07701-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
For healthspan and lifespan, ERK, AMPK and mTORC1 represent critical pathways and inflammation is a centrally important hallmark1-7. Here we examined whether IL-11, a pro-inflammatory cytokine of the IL-6 family, has a negative effect on age-associated disease and lifespan. As mice age, IL-11 is upregulated across cell types and tissues to regulate an ERK-AMPK-mTORC1 axis to modulate cellular, tissue- and organismal-level ageing pathologies. Deletion of Il11 or Il11ra1 protects against metabolic decline, multi-morbidity and frailty in old age. Administration of anti-IL-11 to 75-week-old mice for 25 weeks improves metabolism and muscle function, and reduces ageing biomarkers and frailty across sexes. In lifespan studies, genetic deletion of Il11 extended the lives of mice of both sexes, by 24.9% on average. Treatment with anti-IL-11 from 75 weeks of age until death extends the median lifespan of male mice by 22.5% and of female mice by 25%. Together, these results demonstrate a role for the pro-inflammatory factor IL-11 in mammalian healthspan and lifespan. We suggest that anti-IL-11 therapy, which is currently in early-stage clinical trials for fibrotic lung disease, may provide a translational opportunity to determine the effects of IL-11 inhibition on ageing pathologies in older people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anissa A Widjaja
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Wei-Wen Lim
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sivakumar Viswanathan
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sonia Chothani
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ben Corden
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Barts Heart Centre, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Cibi Mary Dasan
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joyce Wei Ting Goh
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Radiance Lim
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Brijesh K Singh
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jessie Tan
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chee Jian Pua
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sze Yun Lim
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Eleonora Adami
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Schafer
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Benjamin L George
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Chen Xie
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Madhulika Tripathi
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Natalie A Sims
- Bone Biology and Disease Unit, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Norbert Hübner
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Enrico Petretto
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Institute for Big Data and Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dominic J Withers
- MRC Laboratory of Medical Sciences, London, UK
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Lena Ho
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jesus Gil
- MRC Laboratory of Medical Sciences, London, UK
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - David Carling
- MRC Laboratory of Medical Sciences, London, UK
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Stuart A Cook
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- MRC Laboratory of Medical Sciences, London, UK.
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3
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Yang S, Liu Y, Wu X, Zhu R, Sun Y, Zou S, Zhang D, Yang X. Molecular Regulation of Thermogenic Mechanisms in Beige Adipocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6303. [PMID: 38928011 PMCID: PMC11203837 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is conventionally recognized as a metabolic organ responsible for storing energy. However, a proportion of adipose tissue also functions as a thermogenic organ, contributing to the inhibition of weight gain and prevention of metabolic diseases. In recent years, there has been significant progress in the study of thermogenic fats, particularly brown adipose tissue (BAT). Despite this progress, the mechanism underlying thermogenesis in beige adipose tissue remains highly controversial. It is widely acknowledged that beige adipose tissue has three additional thermogenic mechanisms in addition to the conventional UCP1-dependent thermogenesis: Ca2+ cycling thermogenesis, creatine substrate cycling thermogenesis, and triacylglycerol/fatty acid cycling thermogenesis. This paper delves into these three mechanisms and reviews the latest advancements in the molecular regulation of thermogenesis from the molecular genetic perspective. The objective of this review is to provide readers with a foundation of knowledge regarding the beige fats and a foundation for future research into the mechanisms of this process, which may lead to the development of new strategies for maintaining human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (S.Y.); (Y.L.); (X.W.); (R.Z.); (Y.S.); (S.Z.)
| | - Yingke Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (S.Y.); (Y.L.); (X.W.); (R.Z.); (Y.S.); (S.Z.)
| | - Xiaoxu Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (S.Y.); (Y.L.); (X.W.); (R.Z.); (Y.S.); (S.Z.)
| | - Rongru Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (S.Y.); (Y.L.); (X.W.); (R.Z.); (Y.S.); (S.Z.)
| | - Yuanlu Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (S.Y.); (Y.L.); (X.W.); (R.Z.); (Y.S.); (S.Z.)
| | - Shuoya Zou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (S.Y.); (Y.L.); (X.W.); (R.Z.); (Y.S.); (S.Z.)
| | - Dongjie Zhang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Xiuqin Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (S.Y.); (Y.L.); (X.W.); (R.Z.); (Y.S.); (S.Z.)
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4
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Guan L, Ge R, Ma S. Newsights of endoplasmic reticulum in hypoxia. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116812. [PMID: 38781866 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is important to cells because of its essential functions, including synthesizing three major nutrients and ion transport. When cellular homeostasis is disrupted, ER quality control (ERQC) system is activated effectively to remove misfolded and unfolded proteins through ER-phagy, ER-related degradation (ERAD), and molecular chaperones. When unfolded protein response (UPR) and ER stress are activated, the cell may be suffering a huge blow, and the most probable consequence is apoptosis. The membrane contact points between the ER and sub-organelles contribute to communication between the organelles. The decrease in oxygen concentration affects the morphology and structure of the ER, thereby affecting its function and further disrupting the stable state of cells, leading to the occurrence of disease. In this study, we describe the functions of ER-, ERQC-, and ER-related membrane contact points and their changes under hypoxia, which will help us further understand ER and treat ER-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Guan
- Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Rili Ge
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China; Key Laboratory of Applied Fundamentals of High Altitude Medicine, (Qinghai-Utah Joint Key Laboratory of Plateau Medicine), Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China; Laboratory for High Altitude Medicine of Qinghai Province, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Shuang Ma
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China; Key Laboratory of Applied Fundamentals of High Altitude Medicine, (Qinghai-Utah Joint Key Laboratory of Plateau Medicine), Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China; Laboratory for High Altitude Medicine of Qinghai Province, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China.
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5
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Li W, Jiang Q, Chen S, Liu J. Adipose-specific CLSTN3B gene associates with human obesity. Metabol Open 2024; 22:100269. [PMID: 39011166 PMCID: PMC11247225 DOI: 10.1016/j.metop.2024.100269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wenfei Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Quanxin Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Suzhen Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Junli Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
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Xu L, Li L, Wu L, Li P, Chen FJ. CIDE proteins and their regulatory mechanisms in lipid droplet fusion and growth. FEBS Lett 2024; 598:1154-1169. [PMID: 38355218 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
The cell death-inducing DFF45-like effector (CIDE) proteins, including Cidea, Cideb, and Cidec/Fsp27, regulate various aspects of lipid homeostasis, including lipid storage, lipolysis, and lipid secretion. This review focuses on the physiological roles of CIDE proteins based on studies on knockout mouse models and human patients bearing CIDE mutations. The primary cellular function of CIDE proteins is to localize to lipid droplets (LDs) and to control LD fusion and growth across different cell types. We propose a four-step process of LD fusion, characterized by (a) the recruitment of CIDE proteins to the LD surface and CIDE movement, (b) the enrichment and condensate formation of CIDE proteins to form LD fusion plates at LD-LD contact sites, (c) lipid transfer through lipid-permeable passageways within the fusion plates, and (d) the completion of LD fusion. Lastly, we outline CIDE-interacting proteins as regulatory factors, as well as their contribution in LD fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology and Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Lizhen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology and Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Lingzhi Wu
- College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology and Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Tianjian Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, China
| | - Feng-Jung Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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7
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Kim H, Oh S, Lee S, Lee KS, Park Y. Recent advances in label-free imaging and quantification techniques for the study of lipid droplets in cells. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2024; 87:102342. [PMID: 38428224 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Lipid droplets (LDs), once considered mere storage depots for lipids, have gained recognition for their intricate roles in cellular processes, including metabolism, membrane trafficking, and disease states like obesity and cancer. This review explores label-free imaging techniques' applications in LD research. We discuss holotomography and vibrational spectroscopic microscopy, emphasizing their potential for studying LDs without molecular labels, and we highlight the growing integration of artificial intelligence. Clinical applications in disease diagnosis and therapy are also considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeonwoo Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungeun Oh
- Department of Physics, Department of Cellular Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA 2093, USA
| | - Seongsoo Lee
- Gwangju Center, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Gwangju 61751, Republic of Korea; Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Suk Lee
- Department of Urology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul 06229, Republic of Korea
| | - YongKeun Park
- Department of Physics, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Tomocube Inc., Daejeon 34109, Republic of Korea.
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8
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Mathiowetz AJ, Olzmann JA. Lipid droplets and cellular lipid flux. Nat Cell Biol 2024; 26:331-345. [PMID: 38454048 PMCID: PMC11228001 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-024-01364-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Lipid droplets are dynamic organelles that store neutral lipids, serve the metabolic needs of cells, and sequester lipids to prevent lipotoxicity and membrane damage. Here we review the current understanding of the mechanisms of lipid droplet biogenesis and turnover, the transfer of lipids and metabolites at membrane contact sites, and the role of lipid droplets in regulating fatty acid flux in lipotoxicity and cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa J Mathiowetz
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - James A Olzmann
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub - San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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9
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Sun S, Zhao G, Jia M, Jiang Q, Li S, Wang H, Li W, Wang Y, Bian X, Zhao YG, Huang X, Yang G, Cai H, Pastor-Pareja JC, Ge L, Zhang C, Hu J. Stay in touch with the endoplasmic reticulum. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2024; 67:230-257. [PMID: 38212460 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-023-2443-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER), which is composed of a continuous network of tubules and sheets, forms the most widely distributed membrane system in eukaryotic cells. As a result, it engages a variety of organelles by establishing membrane contact sites (MCSs). These contacts regulate organelle positioning and remodeling, including fusion and fission, facilitate precise lipid exchange, and couple vital signaling events. Here, we systematically review recent advances and converging themes on ER-involved organellar contact. The molecular basis, cellular influence, and potential physiological functions for ER/nuclear envelope contacts with mitochondria, Golgi, endosomes, lysosomes, lipid droplets, autophagosomes, and plasma membrane are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Sun
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Gan Zhao
- The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Mingkang Jia
- The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Qing Jiang
- The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Shulin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Haibin Wang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Wenjing Li
- Laboratory of Computational Biology & Machine Intelligence, School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yunyun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xin Bian
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
| | - Yan G Zhao
- Brain Research Center, Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Xun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Ge Yang
- Laboratory of Computational Biology & Machine Intelligence, School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Huaqing Cai
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Jose C Pastor-Pareja
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
- Institute of Neurosciences, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientfflcas-Universidad Miguel Hernandez, San Juan de Alicante, 03550, Spain.
| | - Liang Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Chuanmao Zhang
- The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
| | - Junjie Hu
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
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10
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Brownstein AJ, Veliova M, Acin-Perez R, Villalobos F, Petcherski A, Tombolato A, Liesa M, Shirihai OS. Mitochondria isolated from lipid droplets of white adipose tissue reveal functional differences based on lipid droplet size. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202301934. [PMID: 38056907 PMCID: PMC10700548 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202301934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies in brown adipose tissue (BAT) described a unique subpopulation of mitochondria bound to lipid droplets (LDs), which were termed PeriDroplet Mitochondria (PDM). PDM can be isolated from BAT by differential centrifugation and salt washes. Contrary to BAT, this approach has so far not led to the successful isolation of PDM from white adipose tissue (WAT). Here, we developed a method to isolate PDM from WAT with high yield and purity by an optimized proteolytic treatment that preserves the respiratory function of mitochondria. Using this approach, we show that, contrary to BAT, WAT PDM have lower respiratory and ATP synthesis capacities compared with WAT cytoplasmic mitochondria (CM). Furthermore, by isolating PDM from LDs of different sizes, we found a negative correlation between LD size and the respiratory capacity of their PDM in WAT. Thus, our new isolation method reveals tissue-specific characteristics of PDM and establishes the existence of heterogeneity in PDM function determined by LD size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra J Brownstein
- David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Medicine (Endocrinology) and Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Molecular Cellular Integrative Physiology Interdepartmental Graduate Program, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Michaela Veliova
- David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Medicine (Endocrinology) and Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Rebeca Acin-Perez
- David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Medicine (Endocrinology) and Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Frankie Villalobos
- David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Medicine (Endocrinology) and Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Anton Petcherski
- David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Medicine (Endocrinology) and Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Alberto Tombolato
- David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Medicine (Endocrinology) and Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Marc Liesa
- David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Medicine (Endocrinology) and Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Cells and Tissues, Institut de Biologia Molecular de Barcelona, IBMB, CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Orian S Shirihai
- David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Medicine (Endocrinology) and Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Molecular Cellular Integrative Physiology Interdepartmental Graduate Program, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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11
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Zhang C, Ye M, Melikov K, Yang D, Dias do Vale G, McDonald J, Eckert K, Lin MJ, Zeng X. CLSTN3B enhances adipocyte lipid droplet structure and function via endoplasmic reticulum contact. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.20.576491. [PMID: 38293096 PMCID: PMC10827225 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.20.576491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Interorganelle contacts facilitate material exchanges and sustain the structural and functional integrity of organelles. Lipid droplets (LDs) of adipocytes are responsible for energy storage and mobilization responding to body needs. LD biogenesis defects compromise the lipid-storing capacity of adipocytes, resulting in ectopic lipid deposition and metabolic disorders, yet how the uniquely large LDs in adipocytes attain structural and functional maturation is incompletely understood. Here we show that the mammalian adipocyte-specific protein CLSTN3B is crucial for adipocyte LD maturation. CLSTN3B employs an arginine-rich segment to promote extensive contact and hemifusion-like structure formation between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and LD, allowing ER-to-LD phospholipid diffusion during LD expansion. CLSTN3B ablation results in reduced LD surface phospholipid density, increased turnover of LD-surface proteins, and impaired LD functions. Our results establish the central role of CLSTN3B in the adipocyte-specific LD maturation pathway that enhances lipid storage and maintenance of metabolic health under caloric overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanhai Zhang
- Department of Physiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Mengchen Ye
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA
| | - Kamran Melikov
- Section on Membrane Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Dengbao Yang
- Department of Physiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | | | - Jeffrey McDonald
- Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Kaitlyn Eckert
- Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Mei-Jung Lin
- Department of Physiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Xing Zeng
- Department of Physiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
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12
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Ludzki AC, Hansen M, Zareifi D, Jalkanen J, Huang Z, Omar-Hmeadi M, Renzi G, Klingelhuber F, Boland S, Ambaw YA, Wang N, Damdimopoulos A, Liu J, Jernberg T, Petrus P, Arner P, Krahmer N, Fan R, Treuter E, Gao H, Rydén M, Mejhert N. Transcriptional determinants of lipid mobilization in human adipocytes. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadi2689. [PMID: 38170777 PMCID: PMC10776019 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi2689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Defects in adipocyte lipolysis drive multiple aspects of cardiometabolic disease, but the transcriptional framework controlling this process has not been established. To address this, we performed a targeted perturbation screen in primary human adipocytes. Our analyses identified 37 transcriptional regulators of lipid mobilization, which we classified as (i) transcription factors, (ii) histone chaperones, and (iii) mRNA processing proteins. On the basis of its strong relationship with multiple readouts of lipolysis in patient samples, we performed mechanistic studies on one hit, ZNF189, which encodes the zinc finger protein 189. Using mass spectrometry and chromatin profiling techniques, we show that ZNF189 interacts with the tripartite motif family member TRIM28 and represses the transcription of an adipocyte-specific isoform of phosphodiesterase 1B (PDE1B2). The regulation of lipid mobilization by ZNF189 requires PDE1B2, and the overexpression of PDE1B2 is sufficient to attenuate hormone-stimulated lipolysis. Thus, our work identifies the ZNF189-PDE1B2 axis as a determinant of human adipocyte lipolysis and highlights a link between chromatin architecture and lipid mobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison C. Ludzki
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mattias Hansen
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Danae Zareifi
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jutta Jalkanen
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Zhiqiang Huang
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, SE-141 83 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Muhmmad Omar-Hmeadi
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gianluca Renzi
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Felix Klingelhuber
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Boland
- Department of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yohannes A. Ambaw
- Department of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, NY, USA
| | - Na Wang
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anastasios Damdimopoulos
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, SE-141 83 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jianping Liu
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tomas Jernberg
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Danderyd Hospital, SE-182 88 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paul Petrus
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Arner
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Natalie Krahmer
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Rongrong Fan
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, SE-141 83 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eckardt Treuter
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, SE-141 83 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hui Gao
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, SE-141 83 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mikael Rydén
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Niklas Mejhert
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
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13
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Huang X, Li X, Shen H, Zhao Y, Zhou Z, Wang Y, Yao J, Xue K, Wu D, Qiu Y. Transcriptional repression of beige fat innervation via a YAP/TAZ-S100B axis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7102. [PMID: 37925548 PMCID: PMC10625615 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43021-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sympathetic innervation is essential for the development of functional beige fat that maintains body temperature and metabolic homeostasis, yet the molecular mechanisms controlling this innervation remain largely unknown. Here, we show that adipocyte YAP/TAZ inhibit sympathetic innervation of beige fat by transcriptional repression of neurotropic factor S100B. Adipocyte-specific loss of Yap/Taz induces S100b expression to stimulate sympathetic innervation and biogenesis of functional beige fat both in subcutaneous white adipose tissue (WAT) and browning-resistant visceral WAT. Mechanistically, YAP/TAZ compete with C/EBPβ for binding to the zinc finger-2 domain of PRDM16 to suppress S100b transcription, which is released by adrenergic-stimulated YAP/TAZ phosphorylation and inactivation. Importantly, Yap/Taz loss in adipocytes or AAV-S100B overexpression in visceral WAT restricts both age-associated and diet-induced obesity, and improves metabolic homeostasis by enhancing energy expenditure of mice. Together, our data reveal that YAP/TAZ act as a brake on the beige fat innervation by blocking PRDM16-C/EBPβ-mediated S100b expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Huang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xinmeng Li
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Hongyu Shen
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yiheng Zhao
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Zhao Zhou
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yushuang Wang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jingfei Yao
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Kaili Xue
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Dongmei Wu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
| | - Yifu Qiu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
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14
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Xie L, Wang H, Wu D, Zhang F, Chen W, Ye Y, Hu F. CXCL13 promotes thermogenesis in mice via recruitment of M2 macrophage and inhibition of inflammation in brown adipose tissue. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1253766. [PMID: 37936696 PMCID: PMC10627189 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1253766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is mainly responsible for mammalian non-shivering thermogenesis and promotes energy expenditure. Meanwhile, similar to white adipose tissue (WAT), BAT also secretes a variety of adipokines to regulate metabolism through paracrine, autocrine, or endocrine ways. The chemokine C-X-C motif chemokine ligand-13 (CXCL13), a canonical B cell chemokine, functions in inflammation and tumor-related diseases. However, the role of CXCL13 in the adipose tissues is unclear. Methods The expression of CXCL13 in BAT and subcutaneous white adipose tissue (SWAT) of mice under cold stimulation were detected. Local injection of CXCL13 into BAT of normal-diet and high-fat-diet induced obese mice was used to detect thermogenesis and determine cold tolerance. The brown adipocytes were treated with CXCL13 alone or in the presence of macrophages to determine the effects of CXCL13 on thermogenic and inflammation related genes expression in vitro. Results In this study, we discovered that the expression of CXCL13 in the stromal cells of brown adipose tissue significantly elevated under cold stimulation. Overexpression of CXCL13 in the BAT via local injection could increase energy expenditure and promote thermogenesis in obese mice. Mechanically, CXCL13 could promote thermogenesis via recruiting M2 macrophages in the BAT and, in the meantime, inhibiting pro-inflammatory factor TNFα level. Discussion This study revealed the novel role of adipose chemokine CXCL13 in the regulation of BAT activity and thermogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Fang Hu
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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15
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Hammoudeh N, Soukkarieh C, Murphy DJ, Hanano A. Mammalian lipid droplets: structural, pathological, immunological and anti-toxicological roles. Prog Lipid Res 2023; 91:101233. [PMID: 37156444 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2023.101233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Mammalian lipid droplets (LDs) are specialized cytosolic organelles consisting of a neutral lipid core surrounded by a membrane made up of a phospholipid monolayer and a specific population of proteins that varies according to the location and function of each LD. Over the past decade, there have been significant advances in the understanding of LD biogenesis and functions. LDs are now recognized as dynamic organelles that participate in many aspects of cellular homeostasis plus other vital functions. LD biogenesis is a complex, highly-regulated process with assembly occurring on the endoplasmic reticulum although aspects of the underpinning molecular mechanisms remain elusive. For example, it is unclear how many enzymes participate in the biosynthesis of the neutral lipid components of LDs and how this process is coordinated in response to different metabolic cues to promote or suppress LD formation and turnover. In addition to enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of neutral lipids, various scaffolding proteins play roles in coordinating LD formation. Despite their lack of ultrastructural diversity, LDs in different mammalian cell types are involved in a wide range of biological functions. These include roles in membrane homeostasis, regulation of hypoxia, neoplastic inflammatory responses, cellular oxidative status, lipid peroxidation, and protection against potentially toxic intracellular fatty acids and lipophilic xenobiotics. Herein, the roles of mammalian LDs and their associated proteins are reviewed with a particular focus on their roles in pathological, immunological and anti-toxicological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nour Hammoudeh
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Damascus, Damascus, Syria
| | - Chadi Soukkarieh
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Damascus, Damascus, Syria
| | - Denis J Murphy
- School of Applied Sciences, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, CF37 1DL, Wales, United Kingdom..
| | - Abdulsamie Hanano
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Atomic Energy Commission of Syria (AECS), P.O. Box 6091, Damascus, Syria..
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16
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Vámos A, Arianti R, Vinnai BÁ, Alrifai R, Shaw A, Póliska S, Guba A, Csősz É, Csomós I, Mocsár G, Lányi C, Balajthy Z, Fésüs L, Kristóf E. Human abdominal subcutaneous-derived active beige adipocytes carrying FTO rs1421085 obesity-risk alleles exert lower thermogenic capacity. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1155673. [PMID: 37416800 PMCID: PMC10321670 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1155673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: White adipocytes store lipids, have a large lipid droplet and few mitochondria. Brown and beige adipocytes, which produce heat, are characterized by high expression of uncoupling protein (UCP) 1, multilocular lipid droplets, and large amounts of mitochondria. The rs1421085 T-to-C single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of the human FTO gene interrupts a conserved motif for ARID5B repressor, resulting in adipocyte type shift from beige to white. Methods: We obtained abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue from donors carrying FTO rs1421085 TT (risk-free) or CC (obesity-risk) genotypes, isolated and differentiated their preadipocytes into beige adipocytes (driven by the PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone for 14 days), and activated them with dibutyryl-cAMP for 4 hours. Then, either the same culture conditions were applied for additional 14 days (active beige adipocytes) or it was replaced by a white differentiation medium (inactive beige adipocytes). White adipocytes were differentiated by their medium for 28 days. Results and Discussion: RNA-sequencing was performed to investigate the gene expression pattern of adipocytes carrying different FTO alleles and found that active beige adipocytes had higher brown adipocyte content and browning capacity compared to white or inactive beige ones when the cells were obtained from risk-free TT but not from obesity-risk CC genotype carriers. Active beige adipocytes carrying FTO CC had lower thermogenic gene (e.g., UCP1, PM20D1, CIDEA) expression and thermogenesis measured by proton leak respiration as compared to TT carriers. In addition, active beige adipocytes with CC alleles exerted lower expression of ASC-1 neutral amino acid transporter (encoded by SLC7A10) and less consumption of Ala, Ser, Cys, and Gly as compared to risk-free carriers. We did not observe any influence of the FTO rs1421085 SNP on white and inactive beige adipocytes highlighting its exclusive and critical effect when adipocytes were activated for thermogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Attila Vámos
- Laboratory of Cell Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Molecular Cell and Immune Biology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Rini Arianti
- Laboratory of Cell Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- Universitas Muhammadiyah Bangka Belitung, Pangkalanbaru, Indonesia
| | - Boglárka Ágnes Vinnai
- Laboratory of Cell Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Molecular Cell and Immune Biology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Rahaf Alrifai
- Laboratory of Cell Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Molecular Cell and Immune Biology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Abhirup Shaw
- Laboratory of Cell Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Szilárd Póliska
- Genomic Medicine and Bioinformatics Core Facility, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Andrea Guba
- Doctoral School of Molecular Cell and Immune Biology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- Proteomics Core Facility, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Éva Csősz
- Proteomics Core Facility, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - István Csomós
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Gábor Mocsár
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | | | - Zoltán Balajthy
- Laboratory of Cell Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - László Fésüs
- Laboratory of Cell Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Endre Kristóf
- Laboratory of Cell Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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17
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Zadoorian A, Du X, Yang H. Lipid droplet biogenesis and functions in health and disease. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2023:10.1038/s41574-023-00845-0. [PMID: 37221402 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-023-00845-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Ubiquitous yet unique, lipid droplets are intracellular organelles that are increasingly being recognized for their versatility beyond energy storage. Advances uncovering the intricacies of their biogenesis and the diversity of their physiological and pathological roles have yielded new insights into lipid droplet biology. Despite these insights, the mechanisms governing the biogenesis and functions of lipid droplets remain incompletely understood. Moreover, the causal relationship between the biogenesis and function of lipid droplets and human diseases is poorly resolved. Here, we provide an update on the current understanding of the biogenesis and functions of lipid droplets in health and disease, highlighting a key role for lipid droplet biogenesis in alleviating cellular stresses. We also discuss therapeutic strategies of targeting lipid droplet biogenesis, growth or degradation that could be applied in the future to common diseases, such as cancer, hepatic steatosis and viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armella Zadoorian
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ximing Du
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Hongyuan Yang
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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18
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Xue S, Lee D, Berry DC. Thermogenic adipose tissue in energy regulation and metabolic health. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1150059. [PMID: 37020585 PMCID: PMC10067564 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1150059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability to generate thermogenic fat could be a targeted therapy to thwart obesity and improve metabolic health. Brown and beige adipocytes are two types of thermogenic fat cells that regulate energy balance. Both adipocytes share common morphological, biochemical, and thermogenic properties. Yet, recent evidence suggests unique features exist between brown and beige adipocytes, such as their cellular origin and thermogenic regulatory processes. Beige adipocytes also appear highly plastic, responding to environmental stimuli and interconverting between beige and white adipocyte states. Additionally, beige adipocytes appear to be metabolically heterogenic and have substrate specificity. Nevertheless, obese and aged individuals cannot develop beige adipocytes in response to thermogenic fat-inducers, creating a key clinical hurdle to their therapeutic promise. Thus, elucidating the underlying developmental, molecular, and functional mechanisms that govern thermogenic fat cells will improve our understanding of systemic energy regulation and strive for new targeted therapies to generate thermogenic fat. This review will examine the recent advances in thermogenic fat biogenesis, molecular regulation, and the potential mechanisms for their failure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Daniel C. Berry
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
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19
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Baek AE. Keeping brown fat brown. Sci Signal 2022; 15:eadg3025. [PMID: 36538591 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.adg3025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The multilocular phenotype of brown adipose tissue is determined by an ER-lipid droplet anchoring protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy E Baek
- Science Signaling, AAAS, Washington, DC 20005, USA.
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