1
|
Bildstein T, Charbit-Henrion F, Azabdaftari A, Cerf-Bensussan N, Uhlig HH. Cellular and molecular basis of proximal small intestine disorders. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024:10.1038/s41575-024-00962-9. [PMID: 39117867 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-024-00962-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
The proximal part of the small intestine, including duodenum and jejunum, is not only dedicated to nutrient digestion and absorption but is also a highly regulated immune site exposed to environmental factors. Host-protective responses against pathogens and tolerance to food antigens are essential functions in the small intestine. The cellular ecology and molecular pathways to maintain those functions are complex. Maladaptation is highlighted by common immune-mediated diseases such as coeliac disease, environmental enteric dysfunction or duodenal Crohn's disease. An expanding spectrum of more than 100 rare monogenic disorders inform on causative molecular mechanisms of nutrient absorption, epithelial homeostasis and barrier function, as well as inflammatory immune responses and immune regulation. Here, after summarizing the architectural and cellular traits that underlie the functions of the proximal intestine, we discuss how the integration of tissue immunopathology and molecular mechanisms can contribute towards our understanding of disease and guide diagnosis. We propose an integrated mechanism-based taxonomy and discuss the latest experimental approaches to gain new mechanistic insight into these disorders with large disease burden worldwide as well as implications for therapeutic interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tania Bildstein
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, London, UK
| | - Fabienne Charbit-Henrion
- Department of Genomic Medicine for Rare Diseases, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, APHP, University of Paris-Cité, Paris, France
- INSERM UMR1163, Intestinal Immunity, Institut Imagine, Paris, France
| | - Aline Azabdaftari
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Holm H Uhlig
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Oxford, UK.
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ohishi K, Dora D, Han CY, Guyer RA, Ohkura T, Kazimierczyk S, Picard N, Leavitt AR, Ott LC, Rahman AA, Mueller JL, Shpigel NY, Jain N, Nagy N, Hotta R, Goldstein AM, Stavely R. Resolving Resident Colonic Muscularis Macrophage Diversity and Plasticity During Colitis. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2024:izae155. [PMID: 39102823 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izae155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune cell populations in the intestinal muscularis propria during colitis are poorly resolved. Maintaining homeostasis in this niche is critical, highlighted by the poorer prognosis of inflammatory bowel disease associated with muscularis propria inflammation. METHODS This study utilizes single-cell RNA sequencing to survey the immune cell populations within the muscularis propria of normal colon and dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis. Findings are validated by immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry and cell-lineage tracing in vivo, and in vitro assays with muscularis macrophages (MMφ). RESULTS In naïve conditions, transcriptional duality is observed in MMφs with 2 major subpopulations: conventional resident Cx3cr1+ MMφs and Lyve1+ MMφs. The Lyve1+ population is phagocytic and expresses several known MMφ markers in mouse and human, confirming their identity as a bona fide MMφ subset. Single-cell transcriptomics indicate that resident MMφs are retained during colitis and exhibit plasticity toward an inflammatory profile. Lyve1+ MMφs, which express anti-inflammatory marker CD163, are absent during colitis, as confirmed by flow cytometry. In contrast, lineage tracing finds that resident Cx3cr1+ MMφs remain during colitis and are not completely replaced by the inflammatory infiltrating monocytes. In vitro studies provide biological evidence of the plasticity of resident Cx3cr1+ MMφs in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), mirroring transcriptional observations in vivo of their inflammatory plasticity. Potential markers for colitic MMφs, validated in animal models and in individuals with ulcerative colitis, are identified. CONCLUSIONS Our findings contribute to the understanding of the immune system in the muscularis propria niche during colitis by resolving the heterogeneity and origins of colitic MMφs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kensuke Ohishi
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Drug Discovery Laboratory, Wakunaga Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Akitakata, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - David Dora
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Christopher Y Han
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Richard A Guyer
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Takahiro Ohkura
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Simon Kazimierczyk
- Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Mass General Hospital for Children, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Nicole Picard
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Abigail R Leavitt
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Leah C Ott
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ahmed A Rahman
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jessica L Mueller
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nahum Y Shpigel
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Nitya Jain
- Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Mass General Hospital for Children, Charlestown, MA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nandor Nagy
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ryo Hotta
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Allan M Goldstein
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rhian Stavely
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lu H, Suo Z, Lin J, Cong Y, Liu Z. Monocyte-macrophages modulate intestinal homeostasis in inflammatory bowel disease. Biomark Res 2024; 12:76. [PMID: 39095853 PMCID: PMC11295551 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-024-00612-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Monocytes and macrophages play an indispensable role in maintaining intestinal homeostasis and modulating mucosal immune responses in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Although numerous studies have described macrophage properties in IBD, the underlying mechanisms whereby the monocyte-macrophage lineage modulates intestinal homeostasis during gut inflammation remain elusive. MAIN BODY In this review, we decipher the cellular and molecular mechanisms governing the generation of intestinal mucosal macrophages and fill the knowledge gap in understanding the origin, maturation, classification, and functions of mucosal macrophages in intestinal niches, particularly the phagocytosis and bactericidal effects involved in the elimination of cell debris and pathogens. We delineate macrophage-mediated immunoregulation in the context of producing pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, toxic mediators, and macrophage extracellular traps (METs), and participating in the modulation of epithelial cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and fibrosis in the intestine and its accessory tissues. Moreover, we emphasize that the maturation of intestinal macrophages is arrested at immature stage during IBD, and the deficiency of MCPIP1 involves in the process via ATF3-AP1S2 signature. In addition, we confirmed the origin potential of IL-1B+ macrophages and defined C1QB+ macrophages as mature macrophages. The interaction crosstalk between the intestine and the mesentery has been described in this review, and the expression of mesentery-derived SAA2 is upregulated during IBD, which contributes to immunoregulation of macrophage. Moreover, we also highlight IBD-related susceptibility genes (e.g., RUNX3, IL21R, GTF2I, and LILRB3) associated with the maturation and functions of macrophage, which provide promising therapeutic opportunities for treating human IBD. CONCLUSION In summary, this review provides a comprehensive, comprehensive, in-depth and novel description of the characteristics and functions of macrophages in IBD, and highlights the important role of macrophages in the molecular and cellular process during IBD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huiying Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Henan Province, Kaifeng, 475000, China
- Center for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research and Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, No. 301 Yanchang Road, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Zhimin Suo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Henan Province, Kaifeng, 475000, China
| | - Jian Lin
- Center for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research and Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, No. 301 Yanchang Road, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Yingzi Cong
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Center for Human Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Zhanju Liu
- Center for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research and Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, No. 301 Yanchang Road, Shanghai, 200072, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wellford SA, Chen CW, Vukovic M, Batich KA, Lin E, Shalek AK, Ordovas-Montanes J, Park Moseman A, Ashley Moseman E. Distinct olfactory mucosal macrophage populations mediate neuronal maintenance and pathogen defense. Mucosal Immunol 2024:S1933-0219(24)00075-8. [PMID: 39074615 DOI: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2024.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
The olfactory mucosa is important for both the sense of smell and as a mucosal immune barrier to the upper airway and brain. However, little is known about how the immune system mediates the conflicting goals of neuronal maintenance and inflammation in this tissue. A number of immune cell populations reside within the olfactory mucosa and yet we have little understanding of how these resident olfactory immune cells functionally interact with the chemosensory environment. Identifying these interactions will allow therapeutic manipulations that treat disorders such as post-viral olfactory dysfunction. Macrophages are the most prevalent immune cell type in the uninflamed olfactory mucosa and here, we identify two distinct tissue macrophage populations in murine olfactory mucosa. P2ry12hi macrophages are transcriptionally specialized for neuron interactions, closely associated with olfactory neuron cell bodies, long-term tissue residents, and functionally specialized to phagocytose cells and debris, including olfactory neurons. Conversely, MHC Class IIhi macrophages are transcriptionally dedicated to cytokine production and antigen presentation, localized primarily within the olfactory lamina propria, more rapidly replaced by blood monocytes, and rapidly produce chemokines in response to viral infection. We further show that these macrophage signatures are present in human olfactory biopsies, and P2ry12-like olfactory macrophages are reduced in patients with long-term smell loss following COVID-19. Together, these data show that two olfactory macrophage populations regulate neurons and initiate the immune response, contributing to our understanding of both olfactory immunity and tissue-resident macrophage biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian A Wellford
- Department of Integrative Immunobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States; Cell Signaling and Immunity Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Ching-Wen Chen
- Department of Integrative Immunobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Marko Vukovic
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States; Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States; Institute for Medical Engineering and Science (IMES), MIT, Cambridge, MA, United States; Department of Chemistry, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Kristen A Batich
- Department of Integrative Immunobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States; Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Elliot Lin
- Department of Integrative Immunobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Alex K Shalek
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States; Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States; Institute for Medical Engineering and Science (IMES), MIT, Cambridge, MA, United States; Department of Chemistry, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA; Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Jose Ordovas-Montanes
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States; Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, United States; Program in Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Annie Park Moseman
- Department of Integrative Immunobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - E Ashley Moseman
- Department of Integrative Immunobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Jamka JR, Gulbransen BD. Mechanisms of enteric neuropathy in diverse contexts of gastrointestinal dysfunction. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2024:e14870. [PMID: 39038157 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.14870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
The enteric nervous system (ENS) commands moment-to-moment gut functions through integrative neurocircuitry housed in the gut wall. The functional continuity of ENS networks is disrupted in enteric neuropathies and contributes to major disturbances in normal gut activities including abnormal gut motility, secretions, pain, immune dysregulation, and disrupted signaling along the gut-brain axis. The conditions under which enteric neuropathy occurs are diverse and the mechanistic underpinnings are incompletely understood. The purpose of this brief review is to summarize the current understanding of the cell types involved, the conditions in which neuropathy occurs, and the mechanisms implicated in enteric neuropathy such as oxidative stress, toll like receptor signaling, purines, and pre-programmed cell death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia R Jamka
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Brian D Gulbransen
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
McKay DM, Defaye M, Rajeev S, MacNaughton WK, Nasser Y, Sharkey KA. Neuroimmunophysiology of the gastrointestinal tract. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2024; 326:G712-G725. [PMID: 38626403 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00075.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
Gut physiology is the epicenter of a web of internal communication systems (i.e., neural, immune, hormonal) mediated by cell-cell contacts, soluble factors, and external influences, such as the microbiome, diet, and the physical environment. Together these provide the signals that shape enteric homeostasis and, when they go awry, lead to disease. Faced with the seemingly paradoxical tasks of nutrient uptake (digestion) and retarding pathogen invasion (host defense), the gut integrates interactions between a variety of cells and signaling molecules to keep the host nourished and protected from pathogens. When the system fails, the outcome can be acute or chronic disease, often labeled as "idiopathic" in nature (e.g., irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease). Here we underscore the importance of a holistic approach to gut physiology, placing an emphasis on intercellular connectedness, using enteric neuroimmunophysiology as the paradigm. The goal of this opinion piece is to acknowledge the pace of change brought to our field via single-cell and -omic methodologies and other techniques such as cell lineage tracing, transgenic animal models, methods for culturing patient tissue, and advanced imaging. We identify gaps in the field and hope to inspire and challenge colleagues to take up the mantle and advance awareness of the subtleties, intricacies, and nuances of intestinal physiology in health and disease by defining communication pathways between gut resident cells, those recruited from the circulation, and "external" influences such as the central nervous system and the gut microbiota.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Derek M McKay
- Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Gastrointestinal Research Group, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Manon Defaye
- Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Gastrointestinal Research Group, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Sruthi Rajeev
- Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Gastrointestinal Research Group, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Wallace K MacNaughton
- Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Gastrointestinal Research Group, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Yasmin Nasser
- Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Gastrointestinal Research Group, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Keith A Sharkey
- Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Gastrointestinal Research Group, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bai Y, Chen J, Zhang S, Xu G, Mao Z, Ding Y, Wang W. Inflammation-Responsive Cell Membrane-Camouflaged Nanoparticles against Liver Fibrosis via Regulating Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Oxidative Stress. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2310443. [PMID: 38372054 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202310443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Liver fibrosis represents a reversible stage of various chronic liver diseases that progresses to cirrhosis. This condition is characterized by an imbalance between tissue damage and repair, and the production of fibers in the liver exceeds their degradation. Oxidative stress (OS) resulting from tissue injury and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) triggered by the overproduction of proteins are pivotal factors in liver fibrosis. Melatonin demonstrates the capability to neutralize free radicals, shielding cells from oxidative harm. It is also a specific inhibitor of the ERS receptor transcription activating factor 6 (ATF6), indicating its great potential in ameliorating liver fibrosis. However, its limited water solubility and oral bioavailability of under 15% present hurdles in achieving therapeutic blood concentrations for treating liver fibrosis. The PLGA@Melatonin is constructed by loading melatonin with poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA). Platelet membranes (PM) and activated hepatic stellate cell membranes (HSCM) with high expression of the platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) are extracted to successfully construct PM@PLGA@Melatonin and HSCM@PLGA@Melatonin, which are subsequently utilized to treat mice with liver fibrosis. The results illustrated the remarkable therapeutic effects of the two nanoparticles on liver fibrosis, along with their excellent targeting and biosafety properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Bai
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- Research Center of Diagnosis and Treatment Technology for Hepatocellular Carcinoma of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- National Innovation Center for Fundamental Research on Cancer Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
- ZJU-Pujian Research & Development Center of Medical Artificial Intelligence for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Jiaqi Chen
- Center for Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Stomatology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Sitong Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- Research Center of Diagnosis and Treatment Technology for Hepatocellular Carcinoma of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- National Innovation Center for Fundamental Research on Cancer Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
- ZJU-Pujian Research & Development Center of Medical Artificial Intelligence for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Guangyu Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- Research Center of Diagnosis and Treatment Technology for Hepatocellular Carcinoma of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- National Innovation Center for Fundamental Research on Cancer Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
- ZJU-Pujian Research & Development Center of Medical Artificial Intelligence for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Zhengwei Mao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- Research Center of Diagnosis and Treatment Technology for Hepatocellular Carcinoma of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- National Innovation Center for Fundamental Research on Cancer Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
- ZJU-Pujian Research & Development Center of Medical Artificial Intelligence for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Yuan Ding
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- Research Center of Diagnosis and Treatment Technology for Hepatocellular Carcinoma of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- National Innovation Center for Fundamental Research on Cancer Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
- ZJU-Pujian Research & Development Center of Medical Artificial Intelligence for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Weilin Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- Research Center of Diagnosis and Treatment Technology for Hepatocellular Carcinoma of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- National Innovation Center for Fundamental Research on Cancer Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
- ZJU-Pujian Research & Development Center of Medical Artificial Intelligence for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhao J, Andreev I, Silva HM. Resident tissue macrophages: Key coordinators of tissue homeostasis beyond immunity. Sci Immunol 2024; 9:eadd1967. [PMID: 38608039 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.add1967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Resident tissue macrophages (RTMs) encompass a highly diverse set of cells abundantly present in every tissue and organ. RTMs are recognized as central players in innate immune responses, and more recently their importance beyond host defense has started to be highlighted. Despite sharing a universal name and several canonical markers, RTMs perform remarkably specialized activities tailored to sustain critical homeostatic functions of the organs they reside in. These cells can mediate neuronal communication, participate in metabolic pathways, and secrete growth factors. In this Review, we summarize how the division of labor among different RTM subsets helps support tissue homeostasis. We discuss how the local microenvironment influences the development of RTMs, the molecular processes they support, and how dysregulation of RTMs can lead to disease. Last, we highlight both the similarities and tissue-specific distinctions of key RTM subsets, aiming to coalesce recent classifications and perspectives into a unified view.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Zhao
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Ragon Institute of Mass General, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ilya Andreev
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Ragon Institute of Mass General, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Hernandez Moura Silva
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Ragon Institute of Mass General, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Bao Y, Wang G, Li H. Approaches for studying human macrophages. Trends Immunol 2024; 45:237-247. [PMID: 38580575 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2024.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Macrophages are vital tissue components involved in organogenesis, maintaining homeostasis, and responses to disease. Mouse models have significantly improved our understanding of macrophages. Further investigations into the characteristics and development of human macrophages are crucial, considering the substantial anatomical and physiological distinctions between mice and humans. Despite challenges in human macrophage research, recent studies are shedding light on the ontogeny and function of human macrophages. In this opinion, we propose combinations of cutting-edge approaches to examine the diversity, development, niche, and function of human tissue-resident macrophages. These methodologies can facilitate our exploration of human macrophages more efficiently, ideally providing new therapeutic avenues for macrophage-relevant disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhou Bao
- Key Laboratory of Quantitative Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China; State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Guanlin Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Centre for Evolutionary Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Hanjie Li
- Key Laboratory of Quantitative Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Thomasi B, Valdetaro L, Gulbransen B, Tavares-Gomes AL. Neuroimmune Connectomes in the Gut and Their Implications in Parkinson's Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:2081-2098. [PMID: 37840070 PMCID: PMC11151216 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03679-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract is the largest immune organ and it receives dense innervation from intrinsic (enteric) and extrinsic (sympathetic, parasympathetic, and somatosensory) neurons. The immune and neural systems of the gut communicate with each other and their interactions shape gut defensive mechanisms and neural-controlled gut functions such as motility and secretion. Changes in neuroimmune interactions play central roles in the pathogenesis of diseases such as Parkinson's disease (PD), which is a multicentric disorder that is heterogeneous in its manifestation and pathogenesis. Non-motor and premotor symptoms of PD are common in the gastrointestinal tract and the gut is considered a potential initiation site for PD in some cases. How the enteric nervous system and neuroimmune signaling contribute to PD disease progression is an emerging area of interest. This review focuses on intestinal neuroimmune loops such as the neuroepithelial unit, enteric glial cells and their immunomodulatory effects, anti-inflammatory cholinergic signaling and the relationship between myenteric neurons and muscularis macrophages, and the role of α-synuclein in gut immunity. Special consideration is given to the discussion of intestinal neuroimmune connectomes during PD and their possible implications for various aspects of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Thomasi
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, Biomedical and Physical Sciences Building - Gulbransen lab, 567, Wilson Rd, Room 3199, East Lansing, MI, USA.
| | - Luisa Valdetaro
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, NYU College of Dentistry, New York, NY, USA
| | - Brian Gulbransen
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, Biomedical and Physical Sciences Building - Gulbransen lab, 567, Wilson Rd, Room 3199, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Ana Lúcia Tavares-Gomes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Neurociências, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Schneider S, Anderson JB, Bradley RP, Beigel K, Wright CM, Maguire BA, Yan G, Taylor DM, Harbour JW, Heuckeroth RO. BAP1 is required prenatally for differentiation and maintenance of postnatal murine enteric nervous system. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e177771. [PMID: 38690732 PMCID: PMC11060734 DOI: 10.1172/jci177771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic regulatory mechanisms are underappreciated, yet are critical for enteric nervous system (ENS) development and maintenance. We discovered that fetal loss of the epigenetic regulator Bap1 in the ENS lineage caused severe postnatal bowel dysfunction and early death in Tyrosinase-Cre Bap1fl/fl mice. Bap1-depleted ENS appeared normal in neonates; however, by P15, Bap1-deficient enteric neurons were largely absent from the small and large intestine of Tyrosinase-Cre Bap1fl/fl mice. Bowel motility became markedly abnormal with disproportionate loss of cholinergic neurons. Single-cell RNA sequencing at P5 showed that fetal Bap1 loss in Tyrosinase-Cre Bap1fl/fl mice markedly altered the composition and relative proportions of enteric neuron subtypes. In contrast, postnatal deletion of Bap1 did not cause enteric neuron loss or impaired bowel motility. These findings suggest that BAP1 is critical for postnatal enteric neuron differentiation and for early enteric neuron survival, a finding that may be relevant to the recently described human BAP1-associated neurodevelopmental disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Schneider
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Abramson Research Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jessica B. Anderson
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Abramson Research Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Rebecca P. Bradley
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Abramson Research Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Katherine Beigel
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Abramson Research Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Abramson Research Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Christina M. Wright
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Abramson Research Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Beth A. Maguire
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Abramson Research Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Guang Yan
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Abramson Research Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Deanne M. Taylor
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Abramson Research Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Abramson Research Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - J. William Harbour
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Robert O. Heuckeroth
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Abramson Research Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kumar KP, Wilson JL, Nguyen H, McKay LD, Wen SW, Sepehrizadeh T, de Veer M, Rajasekhar P, Carbone SE, Hickey MJ, Poole DP, Wong CHY. Stroke Alters the Function of Enteric Neurons to Impair Smooth Muscle Relaxation and Dysregulates Gut Transit. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e033279. [PMID: 38258657 PMCID: PMC11056134 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.033279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gut dysmotility is common after ischemic stroke, but the mechanism underlying this response is unknown. Under homeostasis, gut motility is regulated by the neurons of the enteric nervous system that control contractile/relaxation activity of muscle cells in the gut wall. More recently, studies of gut inflammation revealed interactions of macrophages with enteric neurons are also involved in modulating gut motility. However, whether poststroke gut dysmotility is mediated by direct signaling to the enteric nervous system or indirectly via inflammatory macrophages is unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS We examined these hypotheses by using a clinically relevant permanent intraluminal midcerebral artery occlusion experimental model of stroke. At 24 hours after stroke, we performed in vivo and ex vivo gut motility assays, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, and transcriptomic analysis. Stroke-induced gut dysmotility was associated with recruitment of muscularis macrophages into the gastrointestinal tract and redistribution of muscularis macrophages away from myenteric ganglia. The permanent intraluminal midcerebral artery occlusion model caused changes in gene expression in muscularis macrophages consistent with an altered phenotype. While the size of myenteric ganglia after stroke was not altered, myenteric neurons from post-permanent intraluminal midcerebral artery occlusion mice showed a reduction in neuronal nitric oxide synthase expression, and this response was associated with enhanced intestinal smooth muscle contraction ex vivo. Finally, chemical sympathectomy with 6-hydroxydopamine prevented the loss of myenteric neuronal nitric oxide synthase expression and stroke-induced slowed gut transit. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate that activation of the sympathetic nervous system after stroke is associated with reduced neuronal nitric oxide synthase expression in myenteric neurons, resulting in impaired smooth muscle relaxation and dysregulation of gut transit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Prame Kumar
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash Medical CentreMonash UniversityClaytonVictoriaAustralia
| | - Jenny L. Wilson
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash Medical CentreMonash UniversityClaytonVictoriaAustralia
| | - Huynh Nguyen
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash Medical CentreMonash UniversityClaytonVictoriaAustralia
| | - Liam D. McKay
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash Medical CentreMonash UniversityClaytonVictoriaAustralia
| | - Shu Wen Wen
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash Medical CentreMonash UniversityClaytonVictoriaAustralia
| | | | - Michael de Veer
- Monash Biomedical ImagingMonash UniversityClaytonVictoriaAustralia
| | - Pradeep Rajasekhar
- Centre for Dynamic ImagingWalter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical ResearchParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Simona E. Carbone
- Drug Discovery Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesMonash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash UniversityParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Michael J. Hickey
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash Medical CentreMonash UniversityClaytonVictoriaAustralia
| | - Daniel P. Poole
- Drug Discovery Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesMonash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash UniversityParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Connie H. Y. Wong
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash Medical CentreMonash UniversityClaytonVictoriaAustralia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Boesmans W. Fresh perspectives on how to build, maintain and repair the ENS. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 21:82-83. [PMID: 37978241 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-023-00870-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Werend Boesmans
- Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium.
- Department of Pathology, GROW-School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Scharr M, Hirt B, Neckel PH. Spatial gene expression profile of Wnt-signaling components in the murine enteric nervous system. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1302488. [PMID: 38322254 PMCID: PMC10846065 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1302488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Wnt-signaling is a key regulator of stem cell homeostasis, extensively studied in the intestinal crypt and other metazoan tissues. Yet, there is hardly any data available on the presence of Wnt-signaling components in the adult enteric nervous system (ENS) in vivo. Methods Therefore, we employed RNAscope HiPlex-assay, a novel and more sensitive in situ hybridization technology. By amplifying target specific signals, this technique enables the detection of low abundance, tightly regulated RNA content as is the case for Wnt-signaling components. Additionally, we compared our data to previously published physiological single cell RNA and RiboTag-based RNA sequencing analyses of enteric gliosis using data-mining approaches. Results Our descriptive analysis shows that several components of the multidi-mensional regulatory network of the Wnt-signaling pathway are present in the murine ENS. The transport and secretion protein for Wnt-ligands Wntless as well as canonical (Wnt3a and Wnt2b) and non-canonical Wnt-ligands (Wnt5a, Wnt7a, Wnt8b and Wnt11) are detectable within submucosal and myenteric plexus. Further, corresponding Frizzled receptors (Fzd1, Fzd3, Fzd6, and Fzd7) and regulatory signaling mediators like R-Spondin/DKK ligands are present in the ENS of the small and large intestine. Further, data mining approaches revealed, that several Wnt-related molecules are expressed by enteric glial cell clusters and are dynamically regulated during the inflammatory manifestation of enteric gliosis. Discussion Our results suggest, that canonical and non-canonical Wnt-signaling has a much broader impact on the mature ENS and its cellular homeostasis in health and inflammation, than previously anticipated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Peter H. Neckel
- Institute of Clinical Anatomy and Cell Analysis, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Choi EL, Taheri N, Zhang Y, Matsumoto K, Hayashi Y. The critical role of muscularis macrophages in modulating the enteric nervous system function and gastrointestinal motility. J Smooth Muscle Res 2024; 60:1-9. [PMID: 38462479 PMCID: PMC10921093 DOI: 10.1540/jsmr.60.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are the originators of inflammatory compounds, phagocytic purifiers in their local environment, and wound healing protectors in oxidative environments. They are molded by the tissue milieu they inhabit, with gastrointestinal (GI) muscularis macrophages (MMs) being a prime example. MMs are located in the muscular layer of the GI tract and contribute to muscle repair and maintenance of GI motility. MMs are often in close proximity to the enteric nervous system, specifically near the enteric neurons and interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs). Consequently, the anti-inflammatory function of MMs corresponds to the development and maintenance of neural networks in the GI tract. The capacity of MMs to shift from anti-inflammatory to proinflammatory states may contribute to the inflammatory aspects of various GI diseases and disorders such as diabetic gastroparesis or postoperative ileus, functional disorders such as irritable bowel syndrome, and organic diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease. We reviewed the current knowledge of MMs and their influence on neighboring cells due to their important role in the GI tract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Egan L. Choi
- Graduate Research Education Program in the Department of
Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences,
200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Negar Taheri
- Research Fellow in the Department of Physiology and
Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic School of Graduate Medical Education, 200 First Street
SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Yuebo Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo
Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Kenjiro Matsumoto
- Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Doshisha Woman’s College of Liberal Arts, Kodo, Kyotanabe City, Kyoto 610-0395,
Japan
| | - Yujiro Hayashi
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo
Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ferenczi S, Mogor F, Takacs P, Kovacs T, Toth VE, Varga ZV, Kovács K, Lohinai Z, Vass KC, Nagy N, Dora D. Depletion of muscularis macrophages ameliorates inflammation-driven dysmotility in murine colitis model. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22451. [PMID: 38105266 PMCID: PMC10725888 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50059-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Previously, the presence of a blood-myenteric plexus barrier and its disruption was reported in experimentally induced colitis via a macrophage-dependent process. The aim of this study is to reveal how myenteric barrier disruption and subsequent neuronal injury affects gut motility in vivo in a murine colitis model. We induced colitis with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS), with the co-administration of liposome-encapsulated clodronate (L-clodronate) to simultaneously deplete blood monocytes contributing to macrophage infiltration in the inflamed muscularis of experimental mice. DSS-treated animals receiving concurrent L-clodronate injection showed significantly decreased blood monocyte numbers and colon muscularis macrophage (MM) density compared to DSS-treated control (DSS-vehicle). DSS-clodronate-treated mice exhibited significantly slower whole gut transit time than DSS-vehicle-treated animals and comparable to that of controls. Experiments with oral gavage-fed Evans-blue dye showed similar whole gut transit times in DSS-clodronate-treated mice as in control animals. Furthermore, qPCR-analysis and immunofluorescence on colon muscularis samples revealed that factors associated with neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration, including Bax1, Hdac4, IL-18, Casp8 and Hif1a are overexpressed after DSS-treatment, but not in the case of concurrent L-clodronate administration. Our findings highlight that MM-infiltration in the muscularis layer is responsible for colitis-associated dysmotility and enteric neuronal dysfunction along with the release of mediators associated with neurodegeneration in a murine experimental model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Szilamér Ferenczi
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Laboratory of Molecular Neuroendocrinology, Budapest, Hungary
- Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Department of Microbiology and Applied Biotechnology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Fruzsina Mogor
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Tuzolto St. 58, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Peter Takacs
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Tuzolto St. 58, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Tamas Kovacs
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Tuzolto St. 58, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- MTA-SE Momentum Cardio-Oncology and Cardioimmunology Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Viktoria E Toth
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- MTA-SE Momentum Cardio-Oncology and Cardioimmunology Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán V Varga
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- MTA-SE Momentum Cardio-Oncology and Cardioimmunology Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Krisztina Kovács
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Laboratory of Molecular Neuroendocrinology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltan Lohinai
- Translational Medicine Institute, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Koppány Csaba Vass
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Nandor Nagy
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Tuzolto St. 58, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - David Dora
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Tuzolto St. 58, Budapest, 1094, Hungary.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Mackie PM, Koshy J, Bhogade M, Hammoor T, Hachmeister W, Lloyd GM, Paterno G, Bolen M, Tansey MG, Giasson BI, Khoshbouei H. Complement C1q-dependent engulfment of alpha-synuclein induces ENS-resident macrophage exhaustion and accelerates Parkinson's-like gut pathology. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.24.563832. [PMID: 37961460 PMCID: PMC10634831 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.24.563832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Deposition of misfolded α-synuclein (αsyn) in the enteric nervous system (ENS) is found in multiple neurodegenerative diseases. It is hypothesized that ENS synucleinopathy contributes to both the pathogenesis and non-motor morbidity in Parkinson's Disease (PD), but the cellular and molecular mechanisms that shape enteric histopathology and dysfunction are poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that ENS-resident macrophages, which play a critical role in maintaining ENS homeostasis, initially respond to enteric neuronal αsyn pathology by upregulating machinery for complement-mediated engulfment. Pharmacologic depletion of ENS-macrophages or genetic deletion of C1q enhanced enteric neuropathology. Conversely, C1q deletion ameliorated gut dysfunction, indicating that complement partially mediates αsyn-induced gut dysfunction. Internalization of αsyn led to increased endo-lysosomal stress that resulted in macrophage exhaustion and temporally correlated with the progression of ENS pathology. These novel findings highlight the importance of enteric neuron-macrophage interactions in removing toxic protein aggregates that putatively shape the earliest stages of PD in the periphery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P M Mackie
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida College of Medicine. Gainesville, FL, 32610
| | - J Koshy
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida College of Medicine. Gainesville, FL, 32610
| | - M Bhogade
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida College of Medicine. Gainesville, FL, 32610
| | - T Hammoor
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida College of Medicine. Gainesville, FL, 32610
| | - W Hachmeister
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida College of Medicine. Gainesville, FL, 32610
| | - G M Lloyd
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida College of Medicine. Gainesville, FL, 32610
- Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, University of Florida College of Medicine. Gainesville, FL, 32610
| | - G Paterno
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida College of Medicine. Gainesville, FL, 32610
- Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, University of Florida College of Medicine. Gainesville, FL, 32610
| | - M Bolen
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida College of Medicine. Gainesville, FL, 32610
- Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, University of Florida College of Medicine. Gainesville, FL, 32610
| | - M G Tansey
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida College of Medicine. Gainesville, FL, 32610
- Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, University of Florida College of Medicine. Gainesville, FL, 32610
- Department of Neurology and Fixel Institute for Neurological Diseases, University of Florida Health, Gainesville, Florida, 32610
| | - B I Giasson
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida College of Medicine. Gainesville, FL, 32610
- Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, University of Florida College of Medicine. Gainesville, FL, 32610
| | - H Khoshbouei
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida College of Medicine. Gainesville, FL, 32610
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Schill EM, Joyce EL, Floyd AN, Udayan S, Rusconi B, Gaddipati S, Barrios BE, John V, Kaye ME, Kulkarni DH, Pauta JT, McDonald KG, Newberry RD. Vancomycin-induced gut microbial dysbiosis alters enteric neuron-macrophage interactions during a critical period of postnatal development. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1268909. [PMID: 37901245 PMCID: PMC10602895 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1268909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Vancomycin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic widely used in cases of suspected sepsis in premature neonates. While appropriate and potentially lifesaving in this setting, early-life antibiotic exposure alters the developing microbiome and is associated with an increased risk of deadly complications, including late-onset sepsis (LOS) and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Recent studies show that neonatal vancomycin treatment disrupts postnatal enteric nervous system (ENS) development in mouse pups, which is in part dependent upon neuroimmune interactions. This suggests that early-life antibiotic exposure could disrupt these interactions in the neonatal gut. Notably, a subset of tissue-resident intestinal macrophages, muscularis macrophages, has been identified as important contributors to the development of postnatal ENS. We hypothesized that vancomycin-induced neonatal dysbiosis impacts postnatal ENS development through its effects on macrophages. Using a mouse model, we found that exposure to vancomycin in the first 10 days of life, but not in adult mice, resulted in an expansion of pro-inflammatory colonic macrophages by increasing the recruitment of bone-marrow-derived macrophages. Single-cell RNA sequencing of neonatal colonic macrophages revealed that early-life vancomycin exposure was associated with an increase in immature and inflammatory macrophages, consistent with an influx of circulating monocytes differentiating into macrophages. Lineage tracing confirmed that vancomycin significantly increased the non-yolk-sac-derived macrophage population. Consistent with these results, early-life vancomycin exposure did not expand the colonic macrophage population nor decrease enteric neuron density in CCR2-deficient mice. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that early-life vancomycin exposure alters macrophage number and phenotypes in distinct ways compared with vancomycin exposure in adult mice and results in altered ENS development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Merrick Schill
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Elisabeth L. Joyce
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Alexandria N. Floyd
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Sreeram Udayan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Brigida Rusconi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Shreya Gaddipati
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Bibiana E. Barrios
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Vini John
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Mitchell E. Kaye
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Devesha H. Kulkarni
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Jocelyn T. Pauta
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Keely G. McDonald
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Rodney D. Newberry
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Macpherson AJ, Pachnis V, Prinz M. Boundaries and integration between microbiota, the nervous system, and immunity. Immunity 2023; 56:1712-1726. [PMID: 37557080 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
The enteric nervous system is largely autonomous, and the central nervous system is compartmentalized behind the blood-brain barrier. Yet the intestinal microbiota shapes gut function, local and systemic immune responses, and central nervous system functions including cognition and mood. In this review, we address how the gut microbiota can profoundly influence neural and immune networks. Although many of the interactions between these three systems originate in the intestinal mucosa, intestinal function and immunity are modulated by neural pathways that connect the gut and brain. Furthermore, a subset of microbe-derived penetrant molecules enters the brain and regulates central nervous system function. Understanding how these seemingly isolated entities communicate has the potential to open up new avenues for therapies and interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Macpherson
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Vassilis Pachnis
- Nervous System Development and Homeostasis Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Marco Prinz
- Institute of Neuropathology, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany; Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Whalley K. Gut macrophages shape and sustain the enteric nervous system. Nat Rev Neurosci 2023:10.1038/s41583-023-00722-9. [PMID: 37400608 DOI: 10.1038/s41583-023-00722-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
|