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Zheng Y, Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Pan Q, Yan X, Li X, Yang Z. Enhancing Ultrasound Power Transfer: Efficiency, Acoustics, and Future Directions. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2407395. [PMID: 39044603 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202407395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Implantable medical devices (IMDs), like pacemakers regulating heart rhythm or deep brain stimulators treating neurological disorders, revolutionize healthcare. However, limited battery life necessitates frequent surgeries for replacements. Ultrasound power transfer (UPT) emerges as a promising solution for sustainable IMD operation. Current research prioritizes implantable materials, with less emphasis on sound field analysis and maximizing energy transfer during wireless power delivery. This review addresses this gap. A comprehensive analysis of UPT technology, examining cutting-edge system designs, particularly in power supply and efficiency is provided. The review critically examines existing efficiency models, summarizing the key parameters influencing energy transmission in UPT systems. For the first time, an energy flow diagram of a general UPT system is proposed to offer insights into the overall functioning. Additionally, the review explores the development stages of UPT technology, showcasing representative designs and applications. The remaining challenges, future directions, and exciting opportunities associated with UPT are discussed. By highlighting the importance of sustainable IMDs with advanced functions like biosensing and closed-loop drug delivery, as well as UPT's potential, this review aims to inspire further research and advancements in this promising field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zheng
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, SAR, 999077, China
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, 999077, China
| | - Zhuomin Zhang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, SAR, 999077, China
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, 999077, China
| | - Yanhu Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, 999077, China
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Qiqi Pan
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, SAR, 999077, China
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, 999077, China
| | - Xiaodong Yan
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, SAR, 999077, China
| | - Xuemu Li
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, SAR, 999077, China
| | - Zhengbao Yang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, SAR, 999077, China
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