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Yang H, Xia Y, Ma Y, Gao M, Hou S, Xu S, Wang Y. Inhibition of the cGAS-STING pathway: contributing to the treatment of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:1900-1918. [PMID: 38993125 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-24-00015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The cGAS-STING pathway plays an important role in ischemia-reperfusion injury in the heart, liver, brain, and kidney, but its role and mechanisms in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury have not been systematically reviewed. Here, we outline the components of the cGAS-STING pathway and then analyze its role in autophagy, ferroptosis, cellular pyroptosis, disequilibrium of calcium homeostasis, inflammatory responses, disruption of the blood-brain barrier, microglia transformation, and complement system activation following cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. We further analyze the value of cGAS-STING pathway inhibitors in the treatment of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury and conclude that the pathway can regulate cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury through multiple mechanisms. Inhibition of the cGAS-STING pathway may be helpful in the treatment of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Yang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yulei Xia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yue Ma
- School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
| | - Mingtong Gao
- Department of Emergency, The Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
| | - Shuai Hou
- School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
| | - Shanshan Xu
- Department of Emergency, The Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yanqiang Wang
- Department of Neurology II, The Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
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2
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Zhang SD, Li H, Zhou YL, Liu XC, Li DC, Hao CF, You QD, Xu XL. Protein-protein interactions in cGAS-STING pathway: a medicinal chemistry perspective. Future Med Chem 2024:1-20. [PMID: 39263789 DOI: 10.1080/17568919.2024.2383164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) play pivotal roles in biological processes and are closely linked with human diseases. Research on small molecule inhibitors targeting PPIs provides valuable insights and guidance for novel drug development. The cGAS-STING pathway plays a crucial role in regulating human innate immunity and is implicated in various pathological conditions. Therefore, modulators of the cGAS-STING pathway have garnered extensive attention. Given that this pathway involves multiple PPIs, modulating PPIs associated with the cGAS-STING pathway has emerged as a promising strategy for modulating this pathway. In this review, we summarize an overview of recent advancements in medicinal chemistry insights into cGAS-STING PPI-based modulators and propose alternative strategies for further drug discovery based on the cGAS-STING pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Duo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design & Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design & Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ye-Ling Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design & Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Xue-Chun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design & Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - De-Chang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design & Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Chuan-Feng Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design & Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Qi-Dong You
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design & Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Xiao-Li Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design & Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
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Li Y, Zhao D, Chen D, Sun Q. Targeting protein condensation in cGAS-STING signaling pathway. Bioessays 2024; 46:e2400091. [PMID: 38962845 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202400091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
The cGAS-STING signaling pathway plays a pivotal role in sensing cytosolic DNA and initiating innate immune responses against various threats, with disruptions in this pathway being associated with numerous immune-related disorders. Therefore, precise regulation of the cGAS-STING signaling is crucial to ensure appropriate immune responses. Recent research, including ours, underscores the importance of protein condensation in driving the activation and maintenance of innate immune signaling within the cGAS-STING pathway. Consequently, targeting condensation processes in this pathway presents a promising approach for modulating the cGAS-STING signaling and potentially managing associated disorders. In this review, we provide an overview of recent studies elucidating the role and regulatory mechanism of protein condensation in the cGAS-STING signaling pathway while emphasizing its pathological implications. Additionally, we explore the potential of understanding and manipulating condensation dynamics to develop novel strategies for mitigating cGAS-STING-related disorders in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajie Li
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Dongbo Zhao
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Dahua Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
- Southwest United Graduate School, Kunming, China
| | - Qinmiao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, Beijing, China
- School of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Li C, Wen J, Zhan X, Shi W, Ye X, Yao Q, Chen S, Zheng C, Wang X, Wen X, Xiao X, Wang Y, Bai Z. Total tanshinones ameliorates cGAS-STING-mediated inflammatory and autoimmune diseases by affecting STING-IRF3 binding. Chin Med 2024; 19:107. [PMID: 39148120 PMCID: PMC11325629 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-024-00980-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An important signaling pathway connecting illness and natural immunity is the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway, but aberrant activation of this pathway is associated with the development of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Hence, targeted inhibition of the activation of the cGAS-STING pathway is potentially valuable in the treatment of disease. The primary active component of Salvia miltiorrhiza is total tanshinone (TTN). Research has indicated that TTN possesses noteworthy anti-inflammatory properties. However, the protective mechanism of TTN against acute liver injury (ALI) and autoimmune diseases is unknown. METHODS A model of aberrant activation of the cGAS-STING pathway was established in various cells and treated with TTN, and the expression of cGAS-STING pathway-related proteins, type I interferon, interferon stimulated genes and inflammatory factors was assessed by western blotting, real-time qPCR. Immunofluorescence analysis of the effect of TTN on the entry of associated proteins into the nucleus following aberrant activation of the cGAS-STING pathway. The effect of TTN on STING oligomerisation was investigated using 2'-3'-cyclic GMP-AMP (2',3'-cGAMP) to induce STING oligomerisation. Western blotting was used to examine the impact of TTN on the interactions of STING, tank-binding kinase 1 (TBK1), and interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) after HA or Flag-labelled plasmids were transfected into HEK-293 T cells. A dimethylxanthenone-4-acetic acid (DMXAA) -induced activation model of the cGAS-STING pathway in mice was established to study the effect of TTN on aberrant activation of the cGAS-STING pathway in vivo. On the other hand, an animal model of lipopolysaccharide/D-galactosamine (LPS/D-GaIN)-induced ALI and an autoimmune disease model induced by trex1 knockout were established to study the effects of TTN on inflammatory and autoimmune diseases mediated by the cGAS-STING pathway in vivo. RESULTS In several models of aberrant activation of the cGAS-STING pathway, TTN significantly inhibited the phosphorylation of STING and IRF3, thereby suppressing the expression of type I interferon, interferon-stimulated genes and inflammatory factors. Additionally, TTN prevented P65 and IRF3 from entering the nucleus after the cGAS-STING signalling pathway was abnormally activated. Subsequent research indicated that TTN was not involved in the oligomerization of STING or the integration of STING-TBK1 and TBK1-IRF3. However, TTN was found to have a substantial effect on the binding process between STING and IRF3. On the other hand, DMXAA-induced STING activation and activation of downstream signalling in vivo are inhibited by TTN. Furthermore, TTN exhibits positive treatment effects on autoimmune diseases caused by deficiency of trex1 and LPS/D-GaIN-induced ALI. CONCLUSION Our research indicates that TTN effectively treats ALI and autoimmune illnesses mediated by the cGAS-STING pathway by inhibiting the abnormal activation of this pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengwei Li
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Hepatology, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
- Fifth Medical Center of Chinese, China Military Institute of Chinese Materia, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Beijing, 100700, People's Republic of China
| | - Jincai Wen
- Department of Hepatology, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
- Fifth Medical Center of Chinese, China Military Institute of Chinese Materia, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhan
- Department of Hepatology, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
- Fifth Medical Center of Chinese, China Military Institute of Chinese Materia, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Beijing, 100700, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Shi
- Department of Hepatology, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
- Fifth Medical Center of Chinese, China Military Institute of Chinese Materia, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiu Ye
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Hepatology, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
- Fifth Medical Center of Chinese, China Military Institute of Chinese Materia, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Yao
- Department of Hepatology, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
- Fifth Medical Center of Chinese, China Military Institute of Chinese Materia, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Simin Chen
- Department of Hepatology, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
- Fifth Medical Center of Chinese, China Military Institute of Chinese Materia, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Congyang Zheng
- Department of Hepatology, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
- Fifth Medical Center of Chinese, China Military Institute of Chinese Materia, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xianlin Wang
- Department of Hepatology, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
- Fifth Medical Center of Chinese, China Military Institute of Chinese Materia, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xinru Wen
- Department of Hepatology, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
- Fifth Medical Center of Chinese, China Military Institute of Chinese Materia, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohe Xiao
- Department of Hepatology, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
- Fifth Medical Center of Chinese, China Military Institute of Chinese Materia, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Beijing, 100700, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yinghao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China.
| | - Zhaofang Bai
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China.
- Department of Hepatology, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
- Fifth Medical Center of Chinese, China Military Institute of Chinese Materia, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Beijing, 100700, People's Republic of China.
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Wang L, Zhang Z, Zhang H, Zhou M, Huang C, Xia W, Li J, You H. The effects of cGAS-STING inhibition in liver disease, kidney disease, and cellular senescence. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1346446. [PMID: 39114669 PMCID: PMC11303230 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1346446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling pathway is one of the fundamental mechanisms of the body's defense, which responds to the abnormal presence of double-stranded DNA in the cytoplasm to establish an effective natural immune response. In addition to detecting microbial infections, the cGAS pathway may be triggered by any cytoplasmic DNA, which is absent from the normal cytoplasm, and only conditions such as senescence and mitochondrial stress can lead to its leakage and cause sterile inflammation. A growing body of research has shown that the cGAS-STING pathway is strongly associated with sterile inflammation. In this study, we reviewed the regulatory mechanisms and biological functions of the cGAS-STING pathway through its involvement in aseptic inflammation in liver disease, kidney disease, and cellular senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shangyu People’s Hospital of Shaoxing, Shaoxing, China
| | - Zhengwei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shangyu People’s Hospital of Shaoxing, Shaoxing, China
| | - Haichao Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shangyu People’s Hospital of Shaoxing, Shaoxing, China
| | - Minmin Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Shangyu People’s Hospital of Shaoxing, Shaoxing, China
| | - Cheng Huang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wenjiang Xia
- Department of Pharmacy, Shangyu People’s Hospital of Shaoxing, Shaoxing, China
| | - Jun Li
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Hongmei You
- Department of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Women’s Hospital, Hangzhou, China
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6
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Shang L, Jiang X, Zhao X, Huang X, Wang X, Jiang X, Kong X, Yao M, Jiang S, Wong PP. Mitochondrial DNA-boosted dendritic cell-based nanovaccination triggers antitumor immunity in lung and pancreatic cancers. Cell Rep Med 2024; 5:101648. [PMID: 38986624 PMCID: PMC11293323 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2024.101648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Low migratory dendritic cell (DC) levels pose a challenge in cancer immune surveillance, yet their impact on tumor immune status and immunotherapy responses remains unclear. We present clinical evidence linking reduced migratory DC levels to immune-cold tumor status, resulting in poor patient outcomes. To address this, we develop an autologous DC-based nanovaccination strategy using patient-derived organoid or cancer cell lysate-pulsed cationic nanoparticles (cNPs) to load immunogenic DC-derived microvesicles (cNPcancer cell@MVDC). This approach transforms immune-cold tumors, increases migratory DCs, activates T cells and natural killer cells, reduces tumor growth, and enhances survival in orthotopic pancreatic and lung cancer models, surpassing conventional methods. In vivo imaging reveals superior cNPcancer cell@MVDC accumulation in tumors and lymph nodes, promoting immune cell infiltration. Mechanistically, cNPs enrich mitochondrial DNA, enhancing cGAS-STING-mediated DC activation and migration. Our strategy shifts cold tumors to a hot state, enhancing antitumor immunity for potential personalized cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihuan Shang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Xue Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Xinbao Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Department of Ultrasound, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Xi Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Xiaojuan Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Xue Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Xiangzhan Kong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Mingkang Yao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Shanping Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Ping-Pui Wong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
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7
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Zhang X, Yuan L, Zhang W, Zhang Y, Wu Q, Li C, Wu M, Huang Y. Liquid-liquid phase separation in diseases. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e640. [PMID: 39006762 PMCID: PMC11245632 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS), an emerging biophysical phenomenon, can sequester molecules to implement physiological and pathological functions. LLPS implements the assembly of numerous membraneless chambers, including stress granules and P-bodies, containing RNA and protein. RNA-RNA and RNA-protein interactions play a critical role in LLPS. Scaffolding proteins, through multivalent interactions and external factors, support protein-RNA interaction networks to form condensates involved in a variety of diseases, particularly neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. Modulating LLPS phenomenon in multiple pathogenic proteins for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and cancer could present a promising direction, though recent advances in this area are limited. Here, we summarize in detail the complexity of LLPS in constructing signaling pathways and highlight the role of LLPS in neurodegenerative diseases and cancers. We also explore RNA modifications on LLPS to alter diseases progression because these modifications can influence LLPS of certain proteins or the formation of stress granules, and discuss the possibility of proper manipulation of LLPS process to restore cellular homeostasis or develop therapeutic drugs for the eradication of diseases. This review attempts to discuss potential therapeutic opportunities by elaborating on the connection between LLPS, RNA modification, and their roles in diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Zhang
- College of Life and Health Sciences Northeastern University Shenyang China
| | - Lin Yuan
- Laboratory of Research in Parkinson's Disease and Related Disorders Health Sciences Institute China Medical University Shenyang China
| | - Wanlu Zhang
- College of Life and Health Sciences Northeastern University Shenyang China
| | - Yi Zhang
- College of Life and Health Sciences Northeastern University Shenyang China
| | - Qun Wu
- Department of Pediatrics Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Chunting Li
- College of Life and Health Sciences Northeastern University Shenyang China
| | - Min Wu
- Wenzhou Institute University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Wenzhou Zhejiang China
- The Joint Research Center Affiliated Xiangshan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Ningbo China
| | - Yongye Huang
- College of Life and Health Sciences Northeastern University Shenyang China
- Key Laboratory of Bioresource Research and Development of Liaoning Province College of Life and Health Sciences Northeastern University Shenyang China
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8
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Tian X, Ai J, Tian X, Wei X. cGAS-STING pathway agonists are promising vaccine adjuvants. Med Res Rev 2024; 44:1768-1799. [PMID: 38323921 DOI: 10.1002/med.22016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Adjuvants are of critical value in vaccine development as they act on enhancing immunogenicity of antigen and inducing long-lasting immunity. However, there are only a few adjuvants that have been approved for clinical use, which highlights the need for exploring and developing new adjuvants to meet the growing demand for vaccination. Recently, emerging evidence demonstrates that the cGAS-STING pathway orchestrates innate and adaptive immunity by generating type I interferon responses. Many cGAS-STING pathway agonists have been developed and tested in preclinical research for the treatment of cancer or infectious diseases with promising results. As adjuvants, cGAS-STING agonists have demonstrated their potential to activate robust defense immunity in various diseases, including COVID-19 infection. This review summarized the current developments in the field of cGAS-STING agonists with a special focus on the latest applications of cGAS-STING agonists as adjuvants in vaccination. Potential challenges were also discussed in the hope of sparking future research interests to further the development of cGAS-STING as vaccine adjuvants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Tian
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Jiayuan Ai
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohe Tian
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Xiawei Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
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9
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Yu X, Cai L, Yao J, Li C, Wang X. Agonists and Inhibitors of the cGAS-STING Pathway. Molecules 2024; 29:3121. [PMID: 38999073 PMCID: PMC11243509 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29133121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway is pivotal in immunotherapy. Several agonists and inhibitors of the cGAS-STING pathway have been developed and evaluated for the treatment of various diseases. The agonists aim to activate STING, with cyclic dinucleotides (CDNs) being the most common, while the inhibitors aim to block the enzymatic activity or DNA binding ability of cGAS. Meanwhile, non-CDN compounds and cGAS agonists are also gaining attention. The omnipresence of the cGAS-STING pathway in vivo indicates that its overactivation could lead to undesired inflammatory responses and autoimmune diseases, which underscores the necessity of developing both agonists and inhibitors of the cGAS-STING pathway. This review describes the molecular traits and roles of the cGAS-STING pathway and summarizes the development of cGAS-STING agonists and inhibitors. The information is supposed to be conducive to the design of novel drugs for targeting the cGAS-STING pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxuan Yu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Linxiang Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jingyue Yao
- Department of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China;
| | - Cenming Li
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiaoyong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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10
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Zhang X, Han L, Hou J, Yang H, Xu H, Li G, Shu Q, Zhu D, Zheng Y, Gao C. Stress granule-localized USP8 potentiates cGAS-mediated type I interferonopathies through deubiquitination of DDX3X. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114248. [PMID: 38795350 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) undergoes liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) to trigger downstream signaling upon double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) stimulation, and the condensed cGAS colocalizes with stress granules (SGs). However, the molecular mechanism underlying the modulation of cGAS activation by SGs remains elusive. In this study, we show that USP8 is localized to SGs upon dsDNA stimulation and potentiates cGAS-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling. A USP8 inhibitor ameliorates pathological inflammation in Trex1-/- mice. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) databases indicate a positive correlation between USP8 expression and SLE. Mechanistic study shows that the SG protein DDX3X promotes cGAS phase separation and activation in a manner dependent on its intrinsic LLPS. USP8 cleaves K27-linked ubiquitin chains from the intrinsically disordered region (IDR) of DDX3X to enhance its condensation. In conclusion, we demonstrate that USP8 catalyzes the deubiquitination of DDX3X to facilitate cGAS condensation and activation and that inhibiting USP8 is a promising strategy for alleviating cGAS-mediated autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province & Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Lulu Han
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province & Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Jinxiu Hou
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province & Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Huiyu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province & Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Haiyan Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Guosheng Li
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Qiang Shu
- Department of Rheumatology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Deyu Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province & Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
| | - Chengjiang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province & Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
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11
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Wang J, Dong Y, Zheng X, Ma H, Huang M, Fu D, Liu J, Yin Q. Host Factors Modulate Virus-Induced IFN Production via Pattern Recognition Receptors. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:3737-3752. [PMID: 38882189 PMCID: PMC11180453 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s455035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Innate immunity is the first line of defense in the human body, and it plays an important role in defending against viral infection. Viruses are identified by different pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) that activate the mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS) or transmembrane protein 173 (STING), which trigger multiple signaling cascades that cause nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) to produce inflammatory factors and interferons (IFNs). PRRs play a pivotal role as the first step in pathogen induction of interferon production. Interferon elicits antiviral activity by inducing the transcription of hundreds of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) via the janus kinase (JAK) - signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway. An increasing number of studies have shown that environmental, pathogen and host factors regulate the IFN signaling pathway. Here, we summarize the mechanisms of host factor modulation in IFN production via pattern recognition receptors. These regulatory mechanisms maintain interferon levels in a normal state and clear viruses without inducing autoimmune disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Wang
- School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yirui Dong
- School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuewei Zheng
- School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Haodi Ma
- School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengjiao Huang
- School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongliao Fu
- School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangbo Liu
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinan Yin
- School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, People's Republic of China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Digital Pathology and Artificial Intelligence Diagnosis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, People's Republic of China
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12
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Shi W, Xu G, Gao Y, Yang H, Liu T, Zhao J, Li H, Wei Z, Hou X, Chen Y, Wen J, Li C, Zhao J, Zhang P, Wang Z, Xiao X, Bai Z. Compound Danshen Dripping Pill effectively alleviates cGAS-STING-triggered diseases by disrupting STING-TBK1 interaction. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 128:155404. [PMID: 38507852 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon (IFN) genes (STING) pathway is critical in the innate immune system and can be mobilized by cytosolic DNA. The various inflammatory and autoimmune diseases progression is highly correlated with aberrant cGAS-STING pathway activation. While some cGAS-STING pathway inhibitor were identified, there are no drugs that can be applied to the clinic. Compound Danshen Dripping Pill (CDDP) has been successfully used in clinic around the world, but the most common application is limited to cardiovascular disease. Therefore, the purpose of the present investigation was to examine whether CDDP inhibits the cGAS-STING pathway and could be used as a therapeutic agent for multiple cGAS-STING-triggered diseases. METHODS BMDMs, THP1 cells or Trex1-/- BMDMs were stimulated with various cGAS-STING-agonists after pretreatment with CDDP to detect the function of CDDP on IFN-β and ISGs productionn. Next, we detect the influence on IRF3 and P65 nuclear translocation, STING oligomerization and STING-TBK1-IRF3 complex formation of CDDP. Additionally, the DMXAA-mediated activation mice model of cGAS-STING pathway was used to study the effects of CDDP. Trex1-/- mice model and HFD-mediated obesity model were established to clarify the efficacy of CDDP on inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. RESULTS CDDP efficacy suppressed the IRF3 phosphorylation or the generation of IFN-β, ISGs, IL-6 and TNF-α. Mechanistically, CDDP did not influence the STING oligomerization and IRF3-TBK1 and STING-IRF3 interaction, but remarkably eliminated the STING-TBK1 interaction, ultimately blocking the downstream responses. In addition, we also clarified that CDDP could suppress cGAS-STING pathway activation triggered by DMXAA, in vivo. Consistently, CDDP could alleviate multi-organ inflammatory responses in Trex1-/- mice model and attenuate the inflammatory disorders, incleding obesity-induced insulin resistance. CONCLUSION CDDP is a specifically cGAS-STING pathway inhibitor. Furthermore, we provide novel mechanism for CDDP and discovered a clinical agent for the therapy of cGAS-STING-triggered inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Shi
- Department of Hepatology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Guang Xu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Huijie Yang
- Department of Hepatology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Department of Hepatology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Zhao
- Department of Hepatology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Hepatology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ziying Wei
- Department of Hepatology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaorong Hou
- Department of Hepatology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- Department of Hepatology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jincai Wen
- Department of Hepatology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chengwei Li
- Department of Hepatology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Department of Hepatology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Hepatology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongxia Wang
- Department of Hepatology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohe Xiao
- Department of Hepatology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; Military Institute of Chinese Materia, the Fifth Medical Centre, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, China; National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, China.
| | - Zhaofang Bai
- Department of Hepatology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; Military Institute of Chinese Materia, the Fifth Medical Centre, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, China; National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, China.
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13
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Liu D, Yang J, Cristea IM. Liquid-liquid phase separation in innate immunity. Trends Immunol 2024; 45:454-469. [PMID: 38762334 PMCID: PMC11247960 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2024.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Intrinsic and innate immune responses are essential lines of defense in the body's constant surveillance of pathogens. The discovery of liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) as a key regulator of this primal response to infection brings an updated perspective to our understanding of cellular defense mechanisms. Here, we review the emerging multifaceted role of LLPS in diverse aspects of mammalian innate immunity, including DNA and RNA sensing and inflammasome activity. We discuss the intricate regulation of LLPS by post-translational modifications (PTMs), and the subversive tactics used by viruses to antagonize LLPS. This Review, therefore, underscores the significance of LLPS as a regulatory node that offers rapid and plastic control over host immune signaling, representing a promising target for future therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Liu
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University; Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Jinhang Yang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University; Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Ileana M Cristea
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University; Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.
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14
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Wang Y, Xu G, Wen J, Zhao X, Zhao H, Lv G, Xu Y, Xiu Y, Li J, Chen S, Yao Q, Chen Y, Ma L, Xiao X, Cao J, Bai Z. Flavonoid extracted from Epimedium attenuate cGAS-STING-mediated diseases by targeting the formation of functional STING signalosome. Immunology 2024; 172:295-312. [PMID: 38453210 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Hyperactivation of the cyclic-GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signalling pathway has been shown to be associated with the development of a variety of inflammatory diseases, and the discovery of an inhibitor of the cGAS-STING signalling pathway holds great promise in the therapeutic interventions. Epimedium flavonoid (EF), a major active ingredient isolated from the medicinal plant Epimedium, has been reported to have good anti-inflammatory activity, but its exact mechanism of action remains unclear. In the present study, we found that EF in mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs), THP-1 (Tohoku Hospital Pediatrics-1) as well as in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMC) inhibited the activation of the cGAS-STING signalling pathway, which subsequently led to a decrease in the expression of type I interferon (IFN-β, CXCL10 and ISG15) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α). Mechanistically, EF does not affect STING oligomerization, but inhibits the formation of functional STING signalosome by attenuating the interaction of interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) with STING and TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1). Importantly, in vivo experiments, EF has shown promising therapeutic effects on inflammatory diseases mediated by the cGAS-STING pathway, which include the agonist model induced by DMXAA stimulation, the autoimmune inflammatory disease model induced by three prime repair exonuclease 1 (Trex1) deficiency, and the non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) model induced by a pathogenic amino acid and choline deficiency diet (MCD). To summarize, our study suggests that EF is a potent potential inhibitor component of the cGAS-STING signalling pathway for the treatment of inflammatory diseases mediated by the cGAS-STING signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Department of Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Military Institute of Chinese Materia, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Guang Xu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jincai Wen
- Department of Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Military Institute of Chinese Materia, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomei Zhao
- Department of Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Military Institute of Chinese Materia, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Huanying Zhao
- Core Facilities Center, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Guiji Lv
- Department of Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Military Institute of Chinese Materia, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yingjie Xu
- Department of Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Military Institute of Chinese Materia, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ye Xiu
- Department of Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Military Institute of Chinese Materia, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Junjie Li
- Department of Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Military Institute of Chinese Materia, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Simin Chen
- Department of Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Military Institute of Chinese Materia, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Yao
- Department of Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Military Institute of Chinese Materia, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- Department of Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Military Institute of Chinese Materia, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lina Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, Dongfang Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohe Xiao
- Department of Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Military Institute of Chinese Materia, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Junling Cao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaofang Bai
- Department of Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Military Institute of Chinese Materia, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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15
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Wang MM, Zhao Y, Liu J, Fan RR, Tang YQ, Guo ZY, Li T. The role of the cGAS-STING signaling pathway in viral infections, inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024:10.1038/s41401-023-01185-5. [PMID: 38822084 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-023-01185-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Pattern recognition receptors are an essential part of the immune system, which detect pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and help shape both innate and adaptive immune responses. When dsDNA is present, cyclic GMP-AMP Synthase (cGAS) produces a second messenger called cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP), which then triggers an adaptor protein called STING, and eventually activates the expression of type I interferon (IFN) and pro-inflammatory cytokines in immune cells. The cGAS-STING signaling pathway has been receiving a lot of attention lately as a key immune-surveillance mediator. In this review, we summarize the present circumstances of the cGAS-STING signaling pathway in viral infections and inflammatory diseases, as well as autoimmune diseases. Modulation of the cGAS-STING signaling pathway provides potential strategies for treating viral infections, inflammatory diseases, and autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Ming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, 999078, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, 999078, China
| | - Juan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, 999078, China
| | - Rong-Rong Fan
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, 14183, Sweden
| | - Yan-Qing Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, 999078, China
| | - Zheng-Yang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, 999078, China
| | - Ting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, 999078, China.
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16
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Gu X, Chen Y, Cao K, Tu M, Liu W, Ju J. Therapeutic landscape in systemic lupus erythematosus: mtDNA activation of the cGAS-STING pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 133:112114. [PMID: 38652968 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) serves as a pivotal immune stimulus in the immune response. During stress, mitochondria release mtDNA into the cytoplasm, where it is recognized by the cytoplasmic DNA receptor cGAS. This activation initiates the cGAS-STING-IRF3 pathway, culminating in an inflammatory response. The cGAS-STING pathway has emerged as a critical mediator of inflammatory responses in microbial infections, stress, autoimmune diseases, chronic illnesses, and tissue injuries. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by connective tissue involvement across various bodily systems. Its hallmark is the production of numerous autoantibodies, which prompt the immune system to target and damage the body's own tissues, resulting in organ and tissue damage. Increasing evidence implicates the cGAS-STING pathway as a significant contributor to SLE pathogenesis. This article aims to explore the role of the mtDNA-triggered cGAS-STING pathway and its mechanisms in SLE, with the goal of providing novel insights for clinical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotian Gu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Yong Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Kunyu Cao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Miao Tu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Wan Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, China.
| | - Jiyu Ju
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, China.
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17
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Huang Y, Chen J, Chen S, Huang C, Li B, Li J, Jin Z, Zhang Q, Pan P, Du W, Liu L, Liu Z. Molecular characterization of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1415885. [PMID: 38846351 PMCID: PMC11153676 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1415885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a highly prevalent and potent infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Until now, the world is still endeavoring to develop new ways to diagnose and treat COVID-19. At present, the clinical prevention and treatment of COVID-19 mainly targets the spike protein on the surface of SRAS-CoV-2. However, with the continuous emergence of SARS-CoV-2 Variants of concern (VOC), targeting the spike protein therapy shows a high degree of limitation. The Nucleocapsid Protein (N protein) of SARS-CoV-2 is highly conserved in virus evolution and is involved in the key process of viral infection and assembly. It is the most expressed viral structural protein after SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans and has high immunogenicity. Therefore, N protein as the key factor of virus infection and replication in basic research and clinical application has great potential research value. This article reviews the research progress on the structure and biological function of SARS-CoV-2 N protein, the diagnosis and drug research of targeting N protein, in order to promote researchers' further understanding of SARS-CoV-2 N protein, and lay a theoretical foundation for the possible outbreak of new and sudden coronavirus infectious diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Huang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
- Shiyan Key Laboratory of Virology, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Junkai Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
- Shiyan Key Laboratory of Virology, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Siwei Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
- Shiyan Key Laboratory of Virology, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Congcong Huang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
- Shiyan Key Laboratory of Virology, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Bei Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
- Shiyan Key Laboratory of Virology, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
- Shiyan Key Laboratory of Virology, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Zhixiong Jin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
- Shiyan Key Laboratory of Virology, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Qiwei Zhang
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pan Pan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weixing Du
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Long Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
- Shiyan Key Laboratory of Virology, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Zhixin Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
- Shiyan Key Laboratory of Virology, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
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18
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Shang Z, Zhang S, Wang J, Zhou L, Zhang X, Billadeau DD, Yang P, Zhang L, Zhou F, Bai P, Jia D. TRIM25 predominately associates with anti-viral stress granules. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4127. [PMID: 38750080 PMCID: PMC11096359 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48596-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Stress granules (SGs) are induced by various environmental stressors, resulting in their compositional and functional heterogeneity. SGs play a crucial role in the antiviral process, owing to their potent translational repressive effects and ability to trigger signal transduction; however, it is poorly understood how these antiviral SGs differ from SGs induced by other environmental stressors. Here we identify that TRIM25, a known driver of the ubiquitination-dependent antiviral innate immune response, is a potent and critical marker of the antiviral SGs. TRIM25 undergoes liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) and co-condenses with the SG core protein G3BP1 in a dsRNA-dependent manner. The co-condensation of TRIM25 and G3BP1 results in a significant enhancement of TRIM25's ubiquitination activity towards multiple antiviral proteins, which are mainly located in SGs. This co-condensation is critical in activating the RIG-I signaling pathway, thus restraining RNA virus infection. Our studies provide a conceptual framework for better understanding the heterogeneity of stress granule components and their response to distinct environmental stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehua Shang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Sitao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jinrui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Lili Zhou
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Daniel D Billadeau
- Division of Oncology Research and Schulze Center for Novel Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Peiguo Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310024, 310030, China
| | - Lingqiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, 100850, Beijing, China
| | - Fangfang Zhou
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Peng Bai
- Department of Forensic Genetics, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Da Jia
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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19
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Zuo Z, He S, Qiu Y, Guo R, He Y, Jiao C, Xia Y, Liu W, Luan C, Guo W. Salvianolic acid A prevents UV-induced skin damage by inhibiting the cGAS-STING pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 132:111971. [PMID: 38565040 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
DNA damage resulting from UV irradiation on the skin has been extensively documented in numerous studies. In our prior investigations, we demonstrated that UVB-induced DNA breakage from keratinocytes can activate the cGAS-STING pathway in macrophages. The cGAS-STING signaling pathway serves as the principal effector for detecting and responding to abnormal double-stranded DNA in the cytoplasm. Expanding on our previous findings, we have further validated that STING knockout significantly diminishes UVB-induced skin damage, emphasizing the critical role of cGAS-STING activation in this context. Salvianolic acid A, a principal active constituent of Salvia miltiorrhiza Burge, has been extensively studied for its therapeutic effects in conditions such as coronary heart disease, angina pectoris, and diabetic peripheral neuropathy. However, its effect on cGAS-STING pathway and its ability to alleviate skin damage have not been previously reported. In a co-culture system, supernatant from UVB-treated keratinocytes induced IRF3 activation in macrophages, and this activation was inhibited by salvianolic acid A. Our investigation, employing photodamage and photoaging models, establishes that salvianolic acid A effectively mitigates UV-induced epidermal thickening and collagen degeneration. Treatment with salvianolic acid A significantly reduced skin damage, epidermal thickness increase, and keratinocyte hyperproliferation compared to the untreated photo-damage and photoaging model groups. In summary, salvianolic acid A emerges as a promising candidate for preventing UV-induced skin damage by inhibiting cGAS-STING activation. This research enhances our understanding of the intricate mechanisms underlying skin photodamage and provides a potential avenue for the development of therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenqi Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing 210093, Nanjing, China
| | - Shengwei He
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing 210093, Nanjing, China
| | - Yinqi Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing 210093, Nanjing, China
| | - Runying Guo
- Dongguan Eastern Central Hospital, The Sixth Affiliated hospital of Jinan University, China
| | - Yingxue He
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing 210093, Nanjing, China
| | - Chenyang Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing 210093, Nanjing, China
| | - Yugui Xia
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence Biomedicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China. 10th Xinghuo Road, Jiangbei New District, Nanjing, China
| | - Wen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing 210093, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Luan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China.
| | - Wenjie Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing 210093, Nanjing, China.
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20
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Li Q, Wu P, Du Q, Hanif U, Hu H, Li K. cGAS-STING, an important signaling pathway in diseases and their therapy. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e511. [PMID: 38525112 PMCID: PMC10960729 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Since cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling pathway was discovered in 2013, great progress has been made to elucidate the origin, function, and regulating mechanism of cGAS-STING signaling pathway in the past decade. Meanwhile, the triggering and transduction mechanisms have been continuously illuminated. cGAS-STING plays a key role in human diseases, particularly DNA-triggered inflammatory diseases, making it a potentially effective therapeutic target for inflammation-related diseases. Here, we aim to summarize the ancient origin of the cGAS-STING defense mechanism, as well as the triggers, transduction, and regulating mechanisms of the cGAS-STING. We will also focus on the important roles of cGAS-STING signal under pathological conditions, such as infections, cancers, autoimmune diseases, neurological diseases, and visceral inflammations, and review the progress in drug development targeting cGAS-STING signaling pathway. The main directions and potential obstacles in the regulating mechanism research and therapeutic drug development of the cGAS-STING signaling pathway for inflammatory diseases and cancers will be discussed. These research advancements expand our understanding of cGAS-STING, provide a theoretical basis for further exploration of the roles of cGAS-STING in diseases, and open up new strategies for targeting cGAS-STING as a promising therapeutic intervention in multiple diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qijie Li
- Sichuan province Medical and Engineering Interdisciplinary Research Center of Nursing & Materials/Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceWest China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of NursingSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Ping Wu
- Department of Occupational DiseasesThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College (China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital)ChengduSichuanChina
| | - Qiujing Du
- Sichuan province Medical and Engineering Interdisciplinary Research Center of Nursing & Materials/Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceWest China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of NursingSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Ullah Hanif
- Sichuan province Medical and Engineering Interdisciplinary Research Center of Nursing & Materials/Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceWest China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of NursingSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Hongbo Hu
- Center for Immunology and HematologyState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Ka Li
- Sichuan province Medical and Engineering Interdisciplinary Research Center of Nursing & Materials/Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceWest China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of NursingSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
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21
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van der Horst D, Kurmasheva N, Marqvorsen MHS, Assil S, Rahimic AHF, Kollmann CF, Silva da Costa L, Wu Q, Zhao J, Cesari E, Iversen MB, Ren F, Jensen TI, Narita R, Schack VR, Zhang BC, Bak RO, Sette C, Fenton RA, Mikkelsen JG, Paludan SR, Olagnier D. SAM68 directs STING signaling to apoptosis in macrophages. Commun Biol 2024; 7:283. [PMID: 38454028 PMCID: PMC10920828 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-05969-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
DNA is a danger signal sensed by cGAS to engage signaling through STING to activate innate immune functions. The best-studied downstream responses to STING activation include expression of type I interferon and inflammatory genes, but STING also activates other pathways, including apoptosis. Here, we report that STING-dependent induction of apoptosis in macrophages occurs through the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway and is mediated via IRF3 but acts independently of gene transcription. By intersecting four mass spectrometry datasets, we identify SAM68 as crucial for the induction of apoptosis downstream of STING activation. SAM68 is essential for the full activation of apoptosis. Still, it is not required for STING-mediated activation of IFN expression or activation of NF-κB. Mechanistic studies reveal that protein trafficking is required and involves SAM68 recruitment to STING upon activation, with the two proteins associating at the Golgi or a post-Golgi compartment. Collectively, our work identifies SAM68 as a STING-interacting protein enabling induction of apoptosis through this DNA-activated innate immune pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demi van der Horst
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Høegh Guldbergsgade 10, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Naziia Kurmasheva
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Høegh Guldbergsgade 10, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Mikkel H S Marqvorsen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Høegh Guldbergsgade 10, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Sonia Assil
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Høegh Guldbergsgade 10, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Anna H F Rahimic
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Høegh Guldbergsgade 10, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Christoph F Kollmann
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Høegh Guldbergsgade 10, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Leandro Silva da Costa
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Høegh Guldbergsgade 10, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Qi Wu
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Høegh Guldbergsgade 10, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Jian Zhao
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Høegh Guldbergsgade 10, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Eleonora Cesari
- GSTEP-Organoids Core Facility, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico Agostino Gemelli, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Marie B Iversen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Høegh Guldbergsgade 10, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Fanghui Ren
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Høegh Guldbergsgade 10, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Trine I Jensen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Høegh Guldbergsgade 10, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Ryo Narita
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Høegh Guldbergsgade 10, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Vivien R Schack
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Høegh Guldbergsgade 10, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Bao-Cun Zhang
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Høegh Guldbergsgade 10, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Rasmus O Bak
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Høegh Guldbergsgade 10, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Claudio Sette
- GSTEP-Organoids Core Facility, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico Agostino Gemelli, 00168, Rome, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Human Anatomy, Catholic University of the Sacred Hearth, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Robert A Fenton
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Høegh Guldbergsgade 10, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Jacob G Mikkelsen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Høegh Guldbergsgade 10, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Søren R Paludan
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Høegh Guldbergsgade 10, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark.
| | - David Olagnier
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Høegh Guldbergsgade 10, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark.
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22
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Liu Q, Wang F, Chen Y, Cui H, Wu H. A regulatory module comprising G3BP1-FBXL5-IRP2 axis determines sodium arsenite-induced ferroptosis. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133038. [PMID: 38118197 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic contamination is extremely threatening to the global public health. It was reported that sodium arsenite exposure induces serious kidney injury. However, the underlying mechanism is unclear. Ferroptosis is a newly characterized form of iron-dependent programmed cell death, which is implicated in the pathogenesis of various human diseases, including kidney injury. The lethal accumulation of iron-catalyzed lipid peroxidation is the fundamental biochemical characteristic of ferroptosis. Herein we report that sodium arsenite exposure initiates ferroptosis in mammalian HEK293, MEF and HT1080 cells, and induces ferroptosis-associated acute kidney injury in mice. RNA-binding protein G3BP1, the switch component of stress granules, is indispensable for sodium arsenite-induced ferroptosis in a stress granule-independent manner. Mechanistically, G3BP1 stabilizes IRP2, the master regulator of cellular iron homeostasis, through binding to and suppressing the translation of FBXL5 mRNA, which encodes the E3 ligase component to mediate IRP2 ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. Sodium arsenite intoxication expedites this G3BP1-FBXL5-IRP2 axis and elevates cellular labile free iron, which is responsible for sodium arsenite exposure-induced lipid peroxidation and ferroptotic cell death. In summary, this study highlights a regulatory module comprising G3BP1-FBXL5-IRP2 axis in determining sodium arsenite-induced ferroptosis and ferroptosis-associated acute kidney injury in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Fengli Wang
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yingxian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Hengkang Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Hao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China.
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23
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Hao X, Zhao B, Towers M, Liao L, Monteiro EL, Xu X, Freeman C, Peng H, Tang HY, Havas A, Kossenkov AV, Berger SL, Adams PD, Speicher DW, Schultz D, Marmorstein R, Zaret KS, Zhang R. TXNRD1 drives the innate immune response in senescent cells with implications for age-associated inflammation. NATURE AGING 2024; 4:185-197. [PMID: 38267705 PMCID: PMC11210448 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-023-00564-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Sterile inflammation, also known as 'inflammaging', is a hallmark of tissue aging. Cellular senescence contributes to tissue aging, in part, through the secretion of proinflammatory factors collectively known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). The genetic variability of thioredoxin reductase 1 (TXNRD1) is associated with aging and age-associated phenotypes such as late-life survival, activity of daily living and physical performance in old age. TXNRD1's role in regulating tissue aging has been attributed to its enzymatic role in cellular redox regulation. Here, we show that TXNRD1 drives the SASP and inflammaging through the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) innate immune response pathway independently of its enzymatic activity. TXNRD1 localizes to cytoplasmic chromatin fragments and interacts with cGAS in a senescence-status-dependent manner, which is necessary for the SASP. TXNRD1 enhances the enzymatic activity of cGAS. TXNRD1 is required for both the tumor-promoting and immune surveillance functions of senescent cells, which are mediated by the SASP in vivo in mouse models. Treatment of aged mice with a TXNRD1 inhibitor that disrupts its interaction with cGAS, but not with an inhibitor of its enzymatic activity alone, downregulated markers of inflammaging in several tissues. In summary, our results show that TXNRD1 promotes the SASP through the innate immune response, with implications for inflammaging. This suggests that the TXNRD1-cGAS interaction is a relevant target for selectively suppressing inflammaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Hao
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bo Zhao
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Martina Towers
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Liping Liao
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Edgar Luzete Monteiro
- Penn Epigenetics Institute, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Christina Freeman
- High-throughput Screening Core, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Hongzhuang Peng
- High-throughput Screening Core, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Hsin-Yao Tang
- Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Aaron Havas
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Andrew V Kossenkov
- Gene Expression and Regulation Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Shelley L Berger
- Penn Epigenetics Institute, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Peter D Adams
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - David W Speicher
- Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David Schultz
- High-throughput Screening Core, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ronen Marmorstein
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kenneth S Zaret
- Penn Epigenetics Institute, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rugang Zhang
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
- Immunology, Microenvironment and Metastasis Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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24
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Zheng X, Chen J, Deng M, Ning K, Peng Y, Liu Z, Li X, Zhou Z, Tang H, Li Y, Kang T, Liu Z. G3BP1 and SLU7 Jointly Promote Immune Evasion by Downregulating MHC-I via PI3K/Akt Activation in Bladder Cancer. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2305922. [PMID: 38084438 PMCID: PMC10870071 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202305922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) show promise as second-line treatment for advanced bladder cancer (BLCA); however, their responsiveness is limited by the immune evasion mechanisms in tumor cells. This study conduct a Cox regression analysis to screen mRNA-binding proteins and reveals an association between Ras GTPase-activating protein-binding protein 1 (G3BP1) and diminished effectiveness of ICI therapy in patients with advanced BLCA. Subsequent investigation demonstrates that G3BP1 enhances immune evasion in BLCA cells by downregulating major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) through phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling activation. Mechanistically, G3BP1 interacts with splicing factor synergistic lethal with U5 snRNA 7 (SLU7) to form a complex with poly(A)-binding protein cytoplasmic 1 and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4 gamma 1. This complex stabilizes the closed-loop structure of the mRNAs of class IA PI3Ks and consequently facilitates their translation and stabilization, thereby activating PI3K/Akt signaling to downregulate MHC-I. Consistently, targeting G3BP1 with epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) impedes immune evasion and sensitizes BLCA cells to anti-programmed cell death (PD)-1 antibodies in mice. Thus, G3BP1 and SLU7 collaboratively contribute to immune evasion in BLCA, indicating that EGCG is a precision therapeutic agent to enhance the effectiveness of anti-PD-1 therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianchong Zheng
- Department of UrologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510060P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510060P. R. China
| | - Jiawei Chen
- Department of UrologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510060P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510060P. R. China
- Department of UrologyShunde HospitalSouthern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde Foshan)Foshan528000P. R. China
| | - Minhua Deng
- Department of UrologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510060P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510060P. R. China
| | - Kang Ning
- Department of UrologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510060P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510060P. R. China
| | - Yulu Peng
- Department of UrologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510060P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510060P. R. China
| | - Zhenhua Liu
- Department of UrologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510060P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510060P. R. China
| | - Xiangdong Li
- Department of UrologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510060P. R. China
| | - Zhaohui Zhou
- Department of UrologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510060P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510060P. R. China
| | - Huancheng Tang
- Department of UrologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510060P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510060P. R. China
| | - Yaoying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510060P. R. China
| | - Tiebang Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510060P. R. China
| | - Zhuowei Liu
- Department of UrologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510060P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510060P. R. China
- Department of UrologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center Gansu HospitalLanzhou730000P. R. China
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25
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Mi K, Zeng L, Chen Y, Ning J, Zhang S, Zhao P, Yang S. DHX38 enhances proliferation, metastasis, and EMT progression in NSCLC through the G3BP1-mediated MAPK pathway. Cell Signal 2024; 113:110962. [PMID: 37931691 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a prevalent and aggressive malignancy with limited therapeutic options. Despite advances in treatment, NSCLC remains a major cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Tumor heterogeneity and therapy resistance present challenges in achieving remission. Research is needed to provide molecular insights, identify new targets, and develop personalized therapies to improve outcomes. METHODS The protein expression level and prognostic value of DHX38 in NSCLC were explored in public databases and NSCLC tissue microarrays. DHX38 knockdown and overexpression cell lines were established to evaluate the role of DHX38 in NSCLC. In vitro and in vivo functional experiments were conducted to assess proliferation and metastasis. To determine the underlying molecular mechanism of DHX38 in human NSCLC, proteins that interact with DHX38 were isolated by IP and identified by LC-MS. KEGG analysis of DHX38-interacting proteins revealed the molecular pathway of DHX38 in human NSCLC. Abnormal pathway activation was verified by Western blot analysis and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. A molecule-specific inhibitor was further used to explore potential therapeutic targets for NSCLC. The pathway-related target that interacted with DHX38 was verified by co-immunoprecipitation(co-IP) experiments. In cell lines with stable DHX38 overexpression, the target protein was knocked down to explore its complementary effect on DHX38 overexpression-induced tumor promotion. RESULTS The protein expression of DHX38 was increased in NSCLC, and patients with high DHX38 expression levels had a poor prognosis. In vitro and in vivo experiments showed that DHX38 promoted the proliferation, migration and invasion of human NSCLC cells. DHX38 overexpression caused abnormal activation of the MAPK pathway and promoted epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in tumours. SCH772984, a novel specific ERK1/2 inhibitor, significantly reduced the increases in cell proliferation, migration and invasion caused by DHX38 overexpression. The co-IP experiments confirmed that DHX38 interacted with the Ras GTPase-activating protein-binding protein G3BP1. DHX38 regulated the expression of G3BP1. Knocking down G3BP1 in cells with stable DHX38 overexpression prevented DHX38-induced tumor cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Silencing G3BP1 reversed the MAPK pathway activation and EMT induced by DHX38 overexpression. CONCLUSION In NSCLC, DHX38 functions as a tumor promoter. DHX38 modulates G3BP1 expression, leading to the activation of the MAPK signaling pathway, thus promoting tumor cell proliferation, metastasis, and the progression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in non-small cell lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Mi
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lizhong Zeng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jingya Ning
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Siyuan Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Peilin Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuanying Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
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Zhan Y, Wang W, Wang H, Xu Y, Zhang Y, Ning Y, Zheng H, Luo J, Yang Y, Zang H, Zhou M, Fan S. G3BP1 Interact with JAK2 mRNA to Promote the Malignant Progression of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma via Activating JAK2/STAT3 Signaling Pathway. Int J Biol Sci 2024; 20:94-112. [PMID: 38164170 PMCID: PMC10750281 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.85341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Ras-GTPase-activating protein (GAP)-binding protein 1 (G3BP1) is an RNA-binding protein implicated in various malignancies. However, its role in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) remains elusive. This study elucidates the potential regulation mechanisms of G3BP1 and its significance in NPC advancement. Through knockdown and overexpression approaches, we validate G3BP1's oncogenic role by promoting proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, G3BP1 emerges as a key regulator of the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway, augmenting JAK2 expression via mRNA binding. Notably, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), a green tea-derived antioxidant, counteracts G3BP1-mediated pathway activation. Clinical analysis reveals heightened G3BP1, JAK2, and p-STAT3 as powerful prognostic markers, with G3BP1's expression standing as an independent indicator of poorer outcomes for NPC patients. In conclusion, the study unveils the oncogenic prowess of G3BP1, its orchestration of the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway, and its pivotal role in NPC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Zhan
- Department of Pathology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Weiyuan Wang
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Haihua Wang
- Department of Pathology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yue Xu
- Department of Pathology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yuting Zhang
- Department of Pathology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yue Ning
- Department of Pathology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hongmei Zheng
- Department of Pathology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiadi Luo
- Department of Pathology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Pathology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hongjing Zang
- Department of Pathology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Songqing Fan
- Department of Pathology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Li Y, Bie J, Song C, Li Y, Zhang T, Li H, Zhao L, You F, Luo J. SIRT2 negatively regulates the cGAS-STING pathway by deacetylating G3BP1. EMBO Rep 2023; 24:e57500. [PMID: 37870259 PMCID: PMC10702829 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202357500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
SIRT2, a cytoplasmic member of the Sirtuin family, has important roles in immunity and inflammation. However, its function in regulating the response to DNA virus infection remains elusive. Here, we find that SIRT2 is a unique regulator among the Sirtuin family that negatively modulates the cGAS-STING-signaling pathway. SIRT2 is down-regulated after Herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) infection, and SIRT2 deficiency markedly elevates the expression levels of type I interferon (IFN). SIRT2 inhibits the DNA binding ability and droplet formation of cGAS by interacting with and deacetylating G3BP1 at K257, K276, and K376, leading to the disassembly of the cGAS-G3BP1 complex, which is critical for cGAS activation. Administration of AGK2, a selective SIRT2 inhibitor, protects mice from HSV-1 infection and increases the expression of IFN and IFN-stimulated genes. Our study shows that SIRT2 negatively regulates cGAS activation through G3BP1 deacetylation, suggesting a potential antiviral strategy by modulating SIRT2 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Li
- Department of Medical Genetics, Center for Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical SciencesPeking University Health Science CenterBeijingChina
| | - Juntao Bie
- Department of Medical Genetics, Center for Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical SciencesPeking University Health Science CenterBeijingChina
| | - Chen Song
- Department of Medical Genetics, Center for Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical SciencesPeking University Health Science CenterBeijingChina
| | - Yunfei Li
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems BiologyInstitute of Systems Biomedicine, Peking University Health Science CenterBeijingChina
| | - Tianzhuo Zhang
- Department of Medical Genetics, Center for Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical SciencesPeking University Health Science CenterBeijingChina
| | - Haishuang Li
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical SciencesPeking University Third Hospital, Peking University Health Science CenterBeijingChina
| | - Long Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryPeking University People's HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Fuping You
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems BiologyInstitute of Systems Biomedicine, Peking University Health Science CenterBeijingChina
| | - Jianyuan Luo
- Department of Medical Genetics, Center for Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical SciencesPeking University Health Science CenterBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Basic Medical SciencesPeking University Health Science CenterBeijingChina
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28
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Hu MM, Shu HB. Mitochondrial DNA-triggered innate immune response: mechanisms and diseases. Cell Mol Immunol 2023; 20:1403-1412. [PMID: 37932533 PMCID: PMC10687031 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-023-01086-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Various cellular stress conditions trigger mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) release from mitochondria into the cytosol. The released mtDNA is sensed by the cGAS-MITA/STING pathway, resulting in the induced expression of type I interferon and other effector genes. These processes contribute to the innate immune response to viral infection and other stress factors. The deregulation of these processes causes autoimmune diseases, inflammatory metabolic disorders and cancer. Therefore, the cGAS-MITA/STING pathway is a potential target for intervention in infectious, inflammatory and autoimmune diseases as well as cancer. In this review, we focus on the mechanisms underlying the mtDNA-triggered activation of the cGAS-MITA/STING pathway, the effects of the pathway under various physiological and pathological conditions, and advances in the development of drugs that target cGAS and MITA/STING.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Ming Hu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Research Unit of Innate Immune and Inflammatory Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.
- Research Unit of Innate Immune and Inflammatory Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.
| | - Hong-Bing Shu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Research Unit of Innate Immune and Inflammatory Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.
- Research Unit of Innate Immune and Inflammatory Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.
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29
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Elahi R, Hozhabri S, Moradi A, Siahmansouri A, Jahani Maleki A, Esmaeilzadeh A. Targeting the cGAS-STING pathway as an inflammatory crossroad in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2023; 45:639-649. [PMID: 37335770 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2023.2215405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE The emerging pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), has imposed significant mortality and morbidity on the world. An appropriate immune response is necessary to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 spread throughout the body. RESULTS During the early stages of infection, the pathway of stimulators of interferon genes (STING), known as the cGAS-STING pathway, has a significant role in the induction of the antiviral immune response by regulating nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) and Interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3), two key pathways responsible for proinflammatory cytokines and type I IFN secretion, respectively. DISCUSSION During the late stages of COVID-19, the uncontrolled inflammatory responses, also known as cytokine storm, lead to the progression of the disease and poor prognosis. Hyperactivity of STING, leading to elevated titers of proinflammatory cytokines, including Interleukin-I (IL-1), IL-4, IL-6, IL-18, and tissue necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), is considered one of the primary mechanisms contributing to the cytokine storm in COVID-19. CONCLUSION Exploring the underlying molecular processes involved in dysregulated inflammation can bring up novel anti-COVID-19 therapeutic options. In this article, we aim to discuss the role and current studies targeting the cGAS/STING signaling pathway in both early and late stages of COVID-19 and COVID-19-related complications and the therapeutic potential of STING agonists/antagonists. Furthermore, STING agonists have been discussed as a vaccine adjuvant to induce a potent and persistent immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Elahi
- School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Salar Hozhabri
- School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Amirhosein Moradi
- School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Amir Siahmansouri
- School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | | | - Abdolreza Esmaeilzadeh
- Department of Immunology, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
- Cancer Gene Therapy Research Center (CGRC), Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
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30
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Korneenko TV, Pestov NB, Nevzorov IA, Daks AA, Trachuk KN, Solopova ON, Barlev NA. At the Crossroads of the cGAS-cGAMP-STING Pathway and the DNA Damage Response: Implications for Cancer Progression and Treatment. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1675. [PMID: 38139802 PMCID: PMC10747911 DOI: 10.3390/ph16121675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The evolutionary conserved DNA-sensing cGAS-STING innate immunity pathway represents one of the most important cytosolic DNA-sensing systems that is activated in response to viral invasion and/or damage to the integrity of the nuclear envelope. The key outcome of this pathway is the production of interferon, which subsequently stimulates the transcription of hundreds of genes. In oncology, the situation is complex because this pathway may serve either anti- or pro-oncogenic roles, depending on context. The prevailing understanding is that when the innate immune response is activated by sensing cytosolic DNA, such as DNA released from ruptured micronuclei, it results in the production of interferon, which attracts cytotoxic cells to destroy tumors. However, in tumor cells that have adjusted to significant chromosomal instability, particularly in relapsed, treatment-resistant cancers, the cGAS-STING pathway often supports cancer progression, fostering the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Here, we review this intricate pathway in terms of its association with cancer progression, giving special attention to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and gliomas. As the development of new cGAS-STING-modulating small molecules and immunotherapies such as oncolytic viruses involves serious challenges, we highlight several recent fundamental discoveries, such as the proton-channeling function of STING. These discoveries may serve as guiding lights for potential pharmacological advancements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatyana V. Korneenko
- Group of Cross-Linking Enzymes, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Nikolay B. Pestov
- Group of Cross-Linking Enzymes, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow 117997, Russia
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow 119121, Russia
- Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products, Moscow 108819, Russia
| | - Ivan A. Nevzorov
- Institute of Cytology, Tikhoretsky ave 4, St-Petersburg 194064, Russia
| | - Alexandra A. Daks
- Institute of Cytology, Tikhoretsky ave 4, St-Petersburg 194064, Russia
| | - Kirill N. Trachuk
- Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products, Moscow 108819, Russia
| | - Olga N. Solopova
- Research Institute of Experimental Diagnostics and Tumor Therapy, Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow 115478, Russia
| | - Nickolai A. Barlev
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow 119121, Russia
- Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products, Moscow 108819, Russia
- Institute of Cytology, Tikhoretsky ave 4, St-Petersburg 194064, Russia
- Institute of Translational Medicine and Biotechnology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow 119991, Russia
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31
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Chathuranga WAG, Nikapitiya C, Kim JH, Chathuranga K, Weerawardhana A, Dodantenna N, Kim DJ, Poo H, Jung JU, Lee CH, Lee JS. Gadd45β is critical for regulation of type I interferon signaling by facilitating G3BP-mediated stress granule formation. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113358. [PMID: 37917584 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Stress granules (SGs) constitute a signaling hub that plays a critical role in type I interferon responses. Here, we report that growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible beta (Gadd45β) act as a positive regulator of SG-mediated interferon signaling by targeting G3BP upon RNA virus infection. Gadd45β deficiency markedly impairs SG formation and SG-mediated activation of interferon signaling in vitro. Gadd45β knockout mice are highly susceptible to RNA virus infection, and their ability to produce interferon and cytokines is severely impaired. Specifically, Gadd45β interacts with the RNA-binding domain of G3BP, leading to conformational expansion of G3BP1 via dissolution of its autoinhibitory electrostatic intramolecular interaction. The acidic loop 1- and RNA-binding properties of Gadd45β markedly increase the conformational expansion and RNA-binding affinity of the G3BP1-Gadd45β complex, thereby promoting assembly of SGs. These findings suggest a role for Gadd45β as a component and critical regulator of G3BP1-mediated SG formation, which facilitates RLR-mediated interferon signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- W A Gayan Chathuranga
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34314, Republic of Korea
| | - Chamilani Nikapitiya
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34314, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hoon Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34314, Republic of Korea; Livestock Products Analysis Division, Division of Animal Health, Daejeon Metropolitan City Institute of Health and Environment, Daejeon 34146, Republic of Korea
| | - Kiramage Chathuranga
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34314, Republic of Korea
| | - Asela Weerawardhana
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34314, Republic of Korea
| | - Niranjan Dodantenna
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34314, Republic of Korea
| | - Doo-Jin Kim
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Haryoung Poo
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Konkuk Institute of Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae U Jung
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen Research and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Chul-Ho Lee
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRRIB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong-Soo Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34314, Republic of Korea.
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32
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Huang Y, Liu B, Sinha SC, Amin S, Gan L. Mechanism and therapeutic potential of targeting cGAS-STING signaling in neurological disorders. Mol Neurodegener 2023; 18:79. [PMID: 37941028 PMCID: PMC10634099 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-023-00672-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA sensing is a pivotal component of the innate immune system that is responsible for detecting mislocalized DNA and triggering downstream inflammatory pathways. Among the DNA sensors, cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) is a primary player in detecting cytosolic DNA, including foreign DNA from pathogens and self-DNA released during cellular damage, culminating in a type I interferon (IFN-I) response through stimulator of interferon genes (STING) activation. IFN-I cytokines are essential in mediating neuroinflammation, which is widely observed in CNS injury, neurodegeneration, and aging, suggesting an upstream role for the cGAS DNA sensing pathway. In this review, we summarize the latest developments on the cGAS-STING DNA-driven immune response in various neurological diseases and conditions. Our review covers the current understanding of the molecular mechanisms of cGAS activation and highlights cGAS-STING signaling in various cell types of central and peripheral nervous systems, such as resident brain immune cells, neurons, and glial cells. We then discuss the role of cGAS-STING signaling in different neurodegenerative conditions, including tauopathies, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, as well as aging and senescence. Finally, we lay out the current advancements in research and development of cGAS inhibitors and assess the prospects of targeting cGAS and STING as therapeutic strategies for a wide spectrum of neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yige Huang
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer Disease Research Institute, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bangyan Liu
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer Disease Research Institute, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Subhash C Sinha
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer Disease Research Institute, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sadaf Amin
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer Disease Research Institute, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Li Gan
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer Disease Research Institute, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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Gong P, Shen Q, Zhang M, Qiao R, Jiang J, Su L, Zhao S, Fu S, Ma Y, Ge L, Wang Y, Lozano-Durán R, Wang A, Li F, Zhou X. Plant and animal positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses encode small proteins important for viral infection in their negative-sense strand. MOLECULAR PLANT 2023; 16:1794-1810. [PMID: 37777826 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2023.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Positive-sense single-stranded RNA (+ssRNA) viruses, the most abundant viruses of eukaryotes in nature, require the synthesis of negative-sense RNA (-RNA) using their genomic (positive-sense) RNA (+RNA) as a template for replication. Based on current evidence, viral proteins are translated via viral +RNAs, whereas -RNA is considered to be a viral replication intermediate without coding capacity. Here, we report that plant and animal +ssRNA viruses contain small open reading frames (ORFs) in their -RNA (reverse ORFs [rORFs]). Using turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) as a model for plant +ssRNA viruses, we demonstrate that small proteins encoded by rORFs display specific subcellular localizations, and confirm the presence of rORF2 in infected cells through mass spectrometry analysis. The protein encoded by TuMV rORF2 forms punctuate granules that are localized in the perinuclear region and co-localized with viral replication complexes. The rORF2 protein can directly interact with the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, and mutation of rORF2 completely abolishes virus infection, whereas ectopic expression of rORF2 rescues the mutant virus. Furthermore, we show that several rORFs in the -RNA of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have the ability to suppress type I interferon production and facilitate the infection of vesicular stomatitis virus. In addition, we provide evidence that TuMV might utilize internal ribosome entry sites to translate these small rORFs. Taken together, these findings indicate that the -RNA of +ssRNA viruses can also have the coding capacity and that small proteins encoded therein play critical roles in viral infection, revealing a viral proteome larger than previously thought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Gong
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qingtang Shen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mingzhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Qiao
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Jiang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lili Su
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Siwen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shuai Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu Ma
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Linhao Ge
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yaqin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Rosa Lozano-Durán
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Center for Plant Molecular Biology (ZMBP), Eberhard Karls University, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Aiming Wang
- London Research and Development Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, ON, Canada
| | - Fangfang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Xueping Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China; State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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34
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Seo KW, Kleiner RE. Profiling dynamic RNA-protein interactions using small-molecule-induced RNA editing. Nat Chem Biol 2023; 19:1361-1371. [PMID: 37349582 PMCID: PMC11048738 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-023-01372-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) play an important role in biology, and characterizing dynamic RNA-protein interactions is essential for understanding RBP function. In this study, we developed targets of RBPs identified by editing induced through dimerization (TRIBE-ID), a facile strategy for quantifying state-specific RNA-protein interactions upon rapamycin-mediated chemically induced dimerization and RNA editing. We performed TRIBE-ID with G3BP1 and YBX1 to study RNA-protein interactions during normal conditions and upon oxidative stress-induced biomolecular condensate formation. We quantified editing kinetics to infer interaction persistence and show that stress granule formation strengthens pre-existing RNA-protein interactions and induces new RNA-protein binding events. Furthermore, we demonstrate that G3BP1 stabilizes its targets under normal and oxidative stress conditions independent of stress granule formation. Finally, we apply our method to characterize small-molecule modulators of G3BP1-RNA binding. Taken together, our work provides a general approach to profile dynamic RNA-protein interactions in cellular contexts with temporal control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung W Seo
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Ralph E Kleiner
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
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35
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Chauhan C, Kaundal RK. The role of cGAS-STING signaling in ischemic stroke: From immune response to therapeutic targeting. Drug Discov Today 2023; 28:103792. [PMID: 37783431 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Stroke, a debilitating condition with limited treatment options, presents a significant therapeutic challenge. A comprehensive grasp of stroke pathophysiology is imperative for designing newer and more effective therapeutic approaches. Notably, the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling pathway has emerged as a central orchestrator of the poststroke immune response. It regulates pivotal processes, including immune cell activation, cytokine production, neuroinflammation, apoptosis, and tissue regeneration. Modulating this pathway shows immense potential in improving stroke outcomes, necessitating the development of selective inhibitors and activators. This review provides an overview of the cGAS-STING pathway's role in ischemic stroke and explores emerging therapies, including cGAS and STING inhibitors and STING agonist preconditioning. It also addresses challenges like specificity, timing, and off-target effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandan Chauhan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli (NIPER-R), Transit Campus, Bijnor-Sisendi Road, Sarojini Nagar, Near CRPF Base Camp, Lucknow, UP 226002, India
| | - Ravinder Kumar Kaundal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli (NIPER-R), Transit Campus, Bijnor-Sisendi Road, Sarojini Nagar, Near CRPF Base Camp, Lucknow, UP 226002, India.
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Wang Z, Hu X, Cui P, Kong C, Chen X, Wang W, Lu S. Progress in understanding the role of cGAS-STING pathway associated with programmed cell death in intervertebral disc degeneration. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:377. [PMID: 37845198 PMCID: PMC10579269 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01607-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleus pulposus (NP) inflammatory response can induce intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) by causing anabolic and catabolic disequilibrium of the extracellular matrix (ECM). This process is accompanied by the production of endogenous DNAs, then detectable by the DNA sensor cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS). cGAS recognizes these DNAs and activates the downstream adaptor protein, a stimulator of interferon genes (STING), initiating a cascade of inflammation responses through various cytokines. This evidence implies a crucial role of the cGAS-STING signaling pathway in IVDD. Additionally, it is suggested that this pathway could modulate IVDD progression by regulating apoptosis, autophagy, and pyroptosis. However, a detailed understanding of the role of cGAS-STING pathway in IVDD is still lacking. This review provides a comprehensive summary of recent advances in our understanding of the role of the cGAS-STING pathway in modulating inflammatory response in IVDD. We delve into the connection between the cGAS-STING axis and apoptosis, autophagy, and pyroptosis in IVDD. Furthermore, we discuss the therapeutic potential of targeting the cGAS-STING signaling pathway in IVDD treatment. Overall, this review aims to provide a foundation for future directions in IVDD treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 45 Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Xinli Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 45 Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Peng Cui
- Department of Orthopedics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 45 Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Chao Kong
- Department of Orthopedics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 45 Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Xiaolong Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 45 Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 45 Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Shibao Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 45 Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
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Abstract
Biomolecular condensates formed by phase separation are widespread and play critical roles in many physiological and pathological processes. cGAS-STING signaling functions to detect aberrant DNA signals to initiate anti-infection defense and antitumor immunity. At the same time, cGAS-STING signaling must be carefully regulated to maintain immune homeostasis. Interestingly, exciting recent studies have reported that biomolecular phase separation exists and plays important roles in different steps of cGAS-STING signaling, including cGAS condensates, STING condensates, and IRF3 condensates. In addition, several intracellular and extracellular factors have been proposed to modulate the condensates in cGAS-STING signaling. These studies reveal novel activation and regulation mechanisms of cGAS-STING signaling and provide new opportunities for drug discovery. Here, we summarize recent advances in the phase separation of cGAS-STING signaling and the development of potential drugs targeting these innate immune condensates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanjin Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Pu Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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Mukhopadhyay C, Zhou P. Role(s) of G3BPs in Human Pathogenesis. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2023; 387:100-110. [PMID: 37468286 PMCID: PMC10519580 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.122.001538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Ras-GTPase-activating protein (SH3 domain)-binding proteins (G3BP) are RNA binding proteins that play a critical role in stress granule (SG) formation. SGs protect critical mRNAs from various environmental stress conditions by regulating mRNA stability and translation to maintain regulated gene expression. Recent evidence suggests that G3BPs can also regulate mRNA expression through interactions with RNA outside of SGs. G3BPs have been associated with a number of disease states, including cancer progression, invasion, metastasis, and viral infections, and may be useful as a cancer therapeutic target. This review summarizes the biology of G3BP including their structure, function, localization, role in cancer progression, virus replication, mRNA stability, and SG formation. We will also discuss the potential of G3BPs as a therapeutic target. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: This review will discuss the molecular mechanism(s) and functional role(s) of Ras-GTPase-activating protein (SH3 domain)-binding proteins in the context of stress granule formation, interaction with viruses, stability of RNA, and tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandrani Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York
| | - Pengbo Zhou
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York
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Chen X, Li LF, Yang ZY, Li M, Fan S, Shi LF, Ren ZY, Cao XJ, Zhang Y, Han S, Wan B, Qiu HJ, Zhang G, He WR. The African swine fever virus I10L protein inhibits the NF- κB signaling pathway by targeting IKK β. J Virol 2023; 97:e0056923. [PMID: 37607059 PMCID: PMC10537781 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00569-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Proinflammatory factors play important roles in the pathogenesis of African swine fever virus (ASFV), which is the causative agent of African swine fever (ASF), a highly contagious and severe hemorrhagic disease. Efforts in the prevention and treatment of ASF have been severely hindered by knowledge gaps in viral proteins responsible for modulating host antiviral responses. In this study, we identified the I10L protein (pI10L) of ASFV as a potential inhibitor of the TNF-α- and IL-1β-triggered NF-κB signaling pathway, the most canonical and important part of host inflammatory responses. The ectopically expressed pI10L remarkably suppressed the activation of NF-κB signaling in HEK293T and PK-15 cells. The ASFV mutant lacking the I10L gene (ASFVΔI10L) induced higher levels of proinflammatory cytokines production in primary porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs) compared with its parental ASFV HLJ/2018 strain (ASFVWT). Mechanistic studies suggest that pI10L inhibits IKKβ phosphorylation by reducing the K63-linked ubiquitination of NEMO, which is necessary for the activation of IKKβ. Morever, pI10L interacts with the kinase domain of IKKβ through its N-terminus, and consequently blocks the association of IKKβ with its substrates IκBα and p65, leading to reduced phosphorylation. In addition, the nuclear translocation efficiency of p65 was also altered by pI10L. Further biochemical evidence supported that the amino acids 1-102 on pI10L were essential for the pI10L-mediated suppression of the NF-κB signaling pathway. The present study clarifies the immunosuppressive activity of pI10L, and provides novel insights into the understanding of ASFV pathobiology and the development of vaccines against ASF. IMPORTANCE African swine fever (ASF), caused by the African swine fever virus (ASFV), is now widespread in many countries and severely affects the commercial rearing of swine. To date, few safe and effective vaccines or antiviral strategies have been marketed due to large gaps in knowledge regarding ASFV pathobiology and immune evasion mechanisms. In this study, we deciphered the important role of the ASFV-encoded I10L protein in the TNF-α-/IL-1β-triggered NF-κB signaling pathway. This study provides novel insights into the pathogenesis of ASFV and thus contributes to the development of vaccines against ASF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Chen
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Lian-Feng Li
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, National African Swine Fever Para-Reference Laboratory, National High-Containment Facilities for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zhong-Yuan Yang
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Meilin Li
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, National African Swine Fever Para-Reference Laboratory, National High-Containment Facilities for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shuai Fan
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Lan-Fang Shi
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zi-Yu Ren
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xue-Jing Cao
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yuhang Zhang
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Shichong Han
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Bo Wan
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Hua-Ji Qiu
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, National African Swine Fever Para-Reference Laboratory, National High-Containment Facilities for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Gaiping Zhang
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Longhu Laboratory, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wen-Rui He
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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40
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Ullah TR, Johansen MD, Balka KR, Ambrose RL, Gearing LJ, Roest J, Vivian JP, Sapkota S, Jayasekara WSN, Wenholz DS, Aldilla VR, Zeng J, Miemczyk S, Nguyen DH, Hansbro NG, Venkatraman R, Kang JH, Pang ES, Thomas BJ, Alharbi AS, Rezwan R, O'Keeffe M, Donald WA, Ellyard JI, Wong W, Kumar N, Kile BT, Vinuesa CG, Kelly GE, Laczka OF, Hansbro PM, De Nardo D, Gantier MP. Pharmacological inhibition of TBK1/IKKε blunts immunopathology in a murine model of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5666. [PMID: 37723181 PMCID: PMC10507085 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41381-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) is a key signalling component in the production of type-I interferons, which have essential antiviral activities, including against SARS-CoV-2. TBK1, and its homologue IκB kinase-ε (IKKε), can also induce pro-inflammatory responses that contribute to pathogen clearance. While initially protective, sustained engagement of type-I interferons is associated with damaging hyper-inflammation found in severe COVID-19 patients. The contribution of TBK1/IKKε signalling to these responses is unknown. Here we find that the small molecule idronoxil inhibits TBK1/IKKε signalling through destabilisation of TBK1/IKKε protein complexes. Treatment with idronoxil, or the small molecule inhibitor MRT67307, suppresses TBK1/IKKε signalling and attenuates cellular and molecular lung inflammation in SARS-CoV-2-challenged mice. Our findings additionally demonstrate that engagement of STING is not the major driver of these inflammatory responses and establish a critical role for TBK1/IKKε signalling in SARS-CoV-2 hyper-inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomalika R Ullah
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Matt D Johansen
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Katherine R Balka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Rebecca L Ambrose
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Linden J Gearing
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - James Roest
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - Julian P Vivian
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Sunil Sapkota
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - W Samantha N Jayasekara
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Daniel S Wenholz
- Noxopharm Limited, Chatswood, NSW, Australia
- School of Chemistry, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Vina R Aldilla
- School of Chemistry, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Jun Zeng
- MedChemSoft Solutions, Ferntree Gully, VIC, Australia
| | - Stefan Miemczyk
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Duc H Nguyen
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicole G Hansbro
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Rajan Venkatraman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Jung Hee Kang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Ee Shan Pang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Belinda J Thomas
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Monash Lung and Sleep, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Arwaf S Alharbi
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Turabah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Refaya Rezwan
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Meredith O'Keeffe
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Julia I Ellyard
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- Centre for Personalised Immunology, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Wilson Wong
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Naresh Kumar
- School of Chemistry, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Benjamin T Kile
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Carola G Vinuesa
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- Centre for Personalised Immunology, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | | | | | - Philip M Hansbro
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Dominic De Nardo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Michael P Gantier
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia.
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.
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41
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Zhou J, Zhuang Z, Li J, Feng Z. Significance of the cGAS-STING Pathway in Health and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13316. [PMID: 37686127 PMCID: PMC10487967 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway plays a significant role in health and disease. In this pathway, cGAS, one of the major cytosolic DNA sensors in mammalian cells, regulates innate immunity and the STING-dependent production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including type-I interferon. Moreover, the cGAS-STING pathway is integral to other cellular processes, such as cell death, cell senescence, and autophagy. Activation of the cGAS-STING pathway by "self" DNA is also attributed to various infectious diseases and autoimmune or inflammatory conditions. In addition, the cGAS-STING pathway activation functions as a link between innate and adaptive immunity, leading to the inhibition or facilitation of tumorigenesis; therefore, research targeting this pathway can provide novel clues for clinical applications to treat infectious, inflammatory, and autoimmune diseases and even cancer. In this review, we focus on the cGAS-STING pathway and its corresponding cellular and molecular mechanisms in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinglin Zhou
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University Qishan Campus, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Zhan Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of College of First Clinical Medicine, College of First Clinical Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Taijiang Campus, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Jiamian Li
- Key Laboratory of College of First Clinical Medicine, College of First Clinical Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Taijiang Campus, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Zhihua Feng
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University Qishan Campus, Fuzhou 350117, China
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42
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Boccaccio GL, Thomas MG, García CC. Membraneless Organelles and Condensates Orchestrate Innate Immunity Against Viruses. J Mol Biol 2023; 435:167976. [PMID: 36702393 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2023.167976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The cellular defense against viruses involves the assembly of oligomers, granules and membraneless organelles (MLOs) that govern the activation of several arms of the innate immune response. Upon interaction with specific pathogen-derived ligands, a number of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) undergo phase-separation thus triggering downstream signaling pathways. Among other relevant condensates, inflammasomes, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase-recruitment domain (ASC) specks, cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) foci, protein kinase R (PKR) clusters, ribonuclease L-induced bodies (RLBs), stress granules (SGs), processing bodies (PBs) and promyelocytic leukemia protein nuclear bodies (PML NBs) play different roles in the immune response. In turn, viruses have evolved diverse strategies to evade the host defense. Viral DNA or RNA, as well as viral proteases or proteins carrying intrinsically disordered regions may interfere with condensate formation and function in multiple ways. In this review we discuss current and hypothetical mechanisms of viral escape that involve the disassembly, repurposing, or inactivation of membraneless condensates that govern innate immunity. We summarize emerging interconnections between these diverse condensates that ultimately determine the cellular outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graciela Lidia Boccaccio
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del ARN, Instituto Leloir (FIL) and Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires (IIBBA) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Departamento de Fisiología y Biología Molecular y Celular (FBMyC), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (FCEN), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - María Gabriela Thomas
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del ARN, Instituto Leloir (FIL) and Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires (IIBBA) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina. https://www.twitter.com/_gabithomas
| | - Cybele Carina García
- Departamento de Química Biológica (QB), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (FCEN), and IQUIBICEN, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET) and Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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43
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Liu Y, Yao Z, Lian G, Yang P. Biomolecular phase separation in stress granule assembly and virus infection. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2023; 55:1099-1118. [PMID: 37401177 PMCID: PMC10415189 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2023117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) has emerged as a crucial mechanism for cellular compartmentalization. One prominent example of this is the stress granule. Found in various types of cells, stress granule is a biomolecular condensate formed through phase separation. It comprises numerous RNA and RNA-binding proteins. Over the past decades, substantial knowledge has been gained about the composition and dynamics of stress granules. SGs can regulate various signaling pathways and have been associated with numerous human diseases, such as neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, and infectious diseases. The threat of viral infections continues to loom over society. Both DNA and RNA viruses depend on host cells for replication. Intriguingly, many stages of the viral life cycle are closely tied to RNA metabolism in human cells. The field of biomolecular condensates has rapidly advanced in recent times. In this context, we aim to summarize research on stress granules and their link to viral infections. Notably, stress granules triggered by viral infections behave differently from the canonical stress granules triggered by sodium arsenite (SA) and heat shock. Studying stress granules in the context of viral infections could offer a valuable platform to link viral replication processes and host anti-viral responses. A deeper understanding of these biological processes could pave the way for innovative interventions and treatments for viral infectious diseases. They could potentially bridge the gap between basic biological processes and interactions between viruses and their hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- />Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and BiomedicineSchool of Life SciencesWestlake UniversityHangzhou310030China
| | - Zhiying Yao
- />Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and BiomedicineSchool of Life SciencesWestlake UniversityHangzhou310030China
| | - Guiwei Lian
- />Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and BiomedicineSchool of Life SciencesWestlake UniversityHangzhou310030China
| | - Peiguo Yang
- />Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and BiomedicineSchool of Life SciencesWestlake UniversityHangzhou310030China
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44
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Li T, Li X, Wang X, Chen X, Zhao G, Liu C, Bao M, Song J, Li J, Huang L, Rong J, Tian K, Deng J, Zhu J, Cai X, Bu Z, Zheng J, Weng C. African swine fever virus pS273R antagonizes stress granule formation by cleaving the nucleating protein G3BP1 to facilitate viral replication. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:104844. [PMID: 37209818 PMCID: PMC10404608 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytoplasmic stress granules (SGs) are generally triggered by stress-induced translation arrest for storing mRNAs. Recently, it has been shown that SGs are regulated by different stimulators including viral infection, which is involved in the antiviral activity of host cells to limit viral propagation. To survive, several viruses have been reported to execute various strategies, such as modulating SG formation, to create optimal surroundings for viral replication. African swine fever virus (ASFV) is one of the most notorious pathogens in the global pig industry. However, the interplay between ASFV infection and SG formation remains largely unknown. In this study, we found that ASFV infection inhibited SG formation. Through SG inhibitory screening, we found that several ASFV-encoded proteins are involved in inhibition of SG formation. Among them, an ASFV S273R protein (pS273R), the only cysteine protease encoded by the ASFV genome, significantly affected SG formation. ASFV pS273R interacted with G3BP1 (Ras-GTPase-activating protein [SH3 domain] binding protein 1), a vital nucleating protein of SG formation. Furthermore, we found that ASFV pS273R cleaved G3BP1 at the G140-F141 to produce two fragments (G3BP1-N1-140 and G3BP1-C141-456). Interestingly, both the pS273R-cleaved fragments of G3BP1 lost the ability to induce SG formation and antiviral activity. Taken together, our finding reveals that the proteolytic cleavage of G3BP1 by ASFV pS273R is a novel mechanism by which ASFV counteracts host stress and innate antiviral responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Li
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Immunology, Harbin, China
| | - Xuewen Li
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Immunology, Harbin, China; College of Life Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Immunology, Harbin, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Immunology, Harbin, China
| | - Gaihong Zhao
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Immunology, Harbin, China
| | - Chuanxia Liu
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Immunology, Harbin, China
| | - Miaofei Bao
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Immunology, Harbin, China
| | - Jie Song
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Immunology, Harbin, China
| | - Jiangnan Li
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Immunology, Harbin, China
| | - Li Huang
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Immunology, Harbin, China
| | - Jun Rong
- College of Life Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Kegong Tian
- National Research Center for Veterinary Medicine, Luoyang, China
| | - Junhua Deng
- Luoyang Putai Biotechnology Co, Ltd, Luoyang, China
| | - Jianzhong Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xuehui Cai
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Zhigao Bu
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Jun Zheng
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Immunology, Harbin, China.
| | - Changjiang Weng
- Division of Fundamental Immunology, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Immunology, Harbin, China.
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45
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Burke JM. Regulation of ribonucleoprotein condensates by RNase L during viral infection. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. RNA 2023; 14:e1770. [PMID: 36479619 PMCID: PMC10244490 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In response to viral infection, mammalian cells activate several innate immune pathways to antagonize viral gene expression. Upon recognition of viral double-stranded RNA, protein kinase R (PKR) phosphorylates the alpha subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2α) on serine 51. This inhibits canonical translation initiation, which broadly antagonizes viral protein synthesis. It also promotes the assembly of cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein complexes termed stress granules (SGs). SGs are widely thought to promote cell survival and antiviral signaling. However, co-activation of the OAS/RNase L antiviral pathway inhibits the assembly of SGs and promotes the assembly of an alternative ribonucleoprotein complex termed an RNase L-dependent body (RLB). The formation of RLBs has been observed in response to double-stranded RNA, dengue virus infection, or SARS-CoV-2 infection. Herein, we review the distinct biogenesis pathways and properties of SGs and RLBs, and we provide perspective on their potential functions during the antiviral response. This article is categorized under: RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > RNA-Protein Complexes RNA Turnover and Surveillance > Regulation of RNA Stability RNA Export and Localization > RNA Localization.
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Affiliation(s)
- James M. Burke
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Florida Scripps Biomedical Research, Jupiter, Florida 33458, USA
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46
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Chauhan C, Kaundal RK. Understanding the role of cGAS-STING signaling in ischemic stroke: a new avenue for drug discovery. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2023; 18:1133-1149. [PMID: 37537969 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2023.2244409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ischemic stroke is a significant global health challenge with limited treatment options. Neuroinflammation, driven by microglial activation, plays a critical role in stroke pathophysiology. The cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling pathway has emerged as a key player in microglial activation, sterile neuroinflammation, and cell death following stroke. Understanding the interplay between this pathway and stroke pathophysiology is crucial for exploring newer therapeutics for stroke patients. AREAS COVERED This review discusses the pivotal role of the cGAS-STING pathway in ischemic stroke. It explores the interplay between cGAS-STING activation, neuroinflammation, microglia activation, M2 polarization, neutrophil infiltration, and cytokine release. Additionally, the authors examine its contributions to various cell death programs (pyroptosis, apoptosis, necroptosis, lysosomal cell death, autophagy, and ferroptosis). The review summarizes recent studies on targeting cGAS-STING signaling in stroke, highlighting the therapeutic potential of small molecule inhibitors and RNA-based approaches in mitigating neuroinflammation, preventing cell death, and improving patient outcomes. EXPERT OPINION Understanding cGAS-STING signaling in ischemic stroke offers an exciting avenue for drug discovery. Targeting this pathway holds promise for developing novel therapeutics that effectively mitigate neuroinflammation, prevent cell death, and enhance patient outcomes. Further research and development of therapeutic strategies are warranted to fully exploit the potential of this pathway as a therapeutic target for stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandan Chauhan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli (NIPER-R), Lucknow, India
| | - Ravinder Kumar Kaundal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli (NIPER-R), Lucknow, India
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47
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Seok JK, Kim M, Kang HC, Cho YY, Lee HS, Lee JY. Beyond DNA sensing: expanding the role of cGAS/STING in immunity and diseases. Arch Pharm Res 2023:10.1007/s12272-023-01452-3. [PMID: 37354378 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-023-01452-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
Cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS) is a DNA sensor that elicits a robust type I interferon response by recognizing ubiquitous danger-associated molecules. The cGAS/stimulator of interferon genes (cGAS/STING) is activated by endogenous DNA, including DNA released from mitochondria and extranuclear chromatin, as well as exogenous DNA derived from pathogenic microorganisms. cGAS/STING is positioned as a key axis of autoimmunity, the inflammatory response, and cancer progression, suggesting that the cGAS/STING signaling pathway represents an efficient therapeutic target. Based on the accumulated evidence, we present insights into the prevention and treatment of cGAS/STING-related chronic immune and inflammatory diseases. This review presents the current state of clinical and nonclinical development of modulators targeting cGAS/STING, providing useful information on the design of therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Kyung Seok
- College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Minhyuk Kim
- College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Chang Kang
- College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Yeon Cho
- College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Suk Lee
- College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Young Lee
- College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, 14662, Republic of Korea.
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48
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Koppenol R, Conceição A, Afonso IT, Afonso-Reis R, Costa RG, Tomé S, Teixeira D, da Silva JP, Côdesso JM, Brito DVC, Mendonça L, Marcelo A, Pereira de Almeida L, Matos CA, Nóbrega C. The stress granule protein G3BP1 alleviates spinocerebellar ataxia-associated deficits. Brain 2023; 146:2346-2363. [PMID: 36511898 PMCID: PMC10232246 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awac473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyglutamine diseases are a group of neurodegenerative disorders caused by an abnormal expansion of CAG repeat tracts in the codifying regions of nine, otherwise unrelated, genes. While the protein products of these genes are suggested to play diverse cellular roles, the pathogenic mutant proteins bearing an expanded polyglutamine sequence share a tendency to self-assemble, aggregate and engage in abnormal molecular interactions. Understanding the shared paths that link polyglutamine protein expansion to the nervous system dysfunction and the degeneration that takes place in these disorders is instrumental to the identification of targets for therapeutic intervention. Among polyglutamine diseases, spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) share many common aspects, including the fact that they involve dysfunction of the cerebellum, resulting in ataxia. Our work aimed at exploring a putative new therapeutic target for the two forms of SCA with higher worldwide prevalence, SCA type 2 (SCA2) and type 3 (SCA3), which are caused by expanded forms of ataxin-2 (ATXN2) and ataxin-3 (ATXN3), respectively. The pathophysiology of polyglutamine diseases has been described to involve an inability to properly respond to cell stress. We evaluated the ability of GTPase-activating protein-binding protein 1 (G3BP1), an RNA-binding protein involved in RNA metabolism regulation and stress responses, to counteract SCA2 and SCA3 pathology, using both in vitro and in vivo disease models. Our results indicate that G3BP1 overexpression in cell models leads to a reduction of ATXN2 and ATXN3 aggregation, associated with a decrease in protein expression. This protective effect of G3BP1 against polyglutamine protein aggregation was reinforced by the fact that silencing G3bp1 in the mouse brain increases human expanded ATXN2 and ATXN3 aggregation. Moreover, a decrease of G3BP1 levels was detected in cells derived from patients with SCA2 and SCA3, suggesting that G3BP1 function is compromised in the context of these diseases. In lentiviral mouse models of SCA2 and SCA3, G3BP1 overexpression not only decreased protein aggregation but also contributed to the preservation of neuronal cells. Finally, in an SCA3 transgenic mouse model with a severe ataxic phenotype, G3BP1 lentiviral delivery to the cerebellum led to amelioration of several motor behavioural deficits. Overall, our results indicate that a decrease in G3BP1 levels may be a contributing factor to SCA2 and SCA3 pathophysiology, and that administration of this protein through viral vector-mediated delivery may constitute a putative approach to therapy for these diseases, and possibly other polyglutamine disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebekah Koppenol
- ABC-RI, Algarve Biomedical Center Research Institute, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- PhD Program in Biomedial Sciences, Faculdade de Medicina e Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina e Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - André Conceição
- ABC-RI, Algarve Biomedical Center Research Institute, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- PhD Program in Biomedial Sciences, Faculdade de Medicina e Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina e Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Inês T Afonso
- ABC-RI, Algarve Biomedical Center Research Institute, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina e Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Afonso-Reis
- ABC-RI, Algarve Biomedical Center Research Institute, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina e Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Rafael G Costa
- ABC-RI, Algarve Biomedical Center Research Institute, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina e Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Sandra Tomé
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Diogo Teixeira
- ABC-RI, Algarve Biomedical Center Research Institute, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | | | - José Miguel Côdesso
- ABC-RI, Algarve Biomedical Center Research Institute, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- PhD Program in Biomedial Sciences, Faculdade de Medicina e Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina e Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - David V C Brito
- ABC-RI, Algarve Biomedical Center Research Institute, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Liliana Mendonça
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Adriana Marcelo
- ABC-RI, Algarve Biomedical Center Research Institute, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina e Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Luís Pereira de Almeida
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carlos A Matos
- ABC-RI, Algarve Biomedical Center Research Institute, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina e Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Clévio Nóbrega
- ABC-RI, Algarve Biomedical Center Research Institute, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina e Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Champalimaud Research Program, Champalimaud Center for the Unknown, 1400-038 Lisbon, Portugal
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Li XW, Yuan SC, Wang M, Su ZH, Zhao M, Li T, Zhang XM, Xue W, Li WH. Rosmarinic acid ameliorates autoimmune responses through suppression of intracellular nucleic acid-mediated type I interferon expression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 673:73-80. [PMID: 37364388 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.05.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Recognition of intracellular nucleic acids is a vital step for host to mount prompt immune responses against microbial pathogens. However, inappropriate response to self-nucleic acids leads to sustained type I interferon (IFN) production, which is implicated in the development of several autoimmune diseases, such as Aicardi-Goutières syndrome (AGS). Therefore, effective confinement of intracellular nucleic acid-induced IFN expression is a potential strategy for the treatment of such autoimmune diseases. In this study, we found that rosmarinic acid (RA), a natural compound isolated from rosemary, inhibits intracellular nucleic acid-stimulated IFN expression. Mechanistic investigation revealed that RA binds to both G3BP1 and cGAS, and impairs cGAS activation through disrupting the binding of DNA with cGAS. More importantly, we showed that RA could effectively attenuate the expression of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) in the well-established cell models for AGS. Thus, our study provides a promising compound for the treatment of autoimmune responses induced by aberrant nucleic acid-sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Wei Li
- Nanhu Laboratory, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Sen-Chao Yuan
- Nanhu Laboratory, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Miao Wang
- Nanhu Laboratory, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Zhi-Hui Su
- Nanhu Laboratory, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Nanhu Laboratory, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Tao Li
- Nanhu Laboratory, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Xue-Min Zhang
- Nanhu Laboratory, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Wen Xue
- Nanhu Laboratory, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing, 100850, China.
| | - Wei-Hua Li
- Nanhu Laboratory, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing, 100850, China.
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50
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Fan R, Chen C, Mu M, Chuan D, Liu H, Hou H, Huang J, Tong A, Guo G, Xu J. Engineering MMP-2 Activated Nanoparticles Carrying B7-H3 Bispecific Antibodies for Ferroptosis-Enhanced Glioblastoma Immunotherapy. ACS NANO 2023; 17:9126-9139. [PMID: 37097811 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c12217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Administration of bispecific antibodies (biAbs) in tumor therapy is limited by their short half-life and off-target toxicity. Optimized strategies or targets are needed to overcome these barriers. B7-H3 (CD276), a member of the B7 superfamily, is associated with poor survival in glioblastoma (GBM) patients. Moreover, a dimer of EGCG (dEGCG) synthesized in this work enhanced the IFN-γ-induced ferroptosis of tumor cells in vitro and in vivo. Herein, we prepared recombinant anti-B7-H3×CD3 biAbs and constructed MMP-2-sensitive S-biAb/dEGCG@NPs to offer a combination treatment strategy for efficient and systemic GBM elimination. Given their GBM targeted delivery and tumor microenvironment responsiveness, S-biAb/dEGCG@NPs displayed enhanced intracranial accumulation, 4.1-, 9.5-, and 12.3-fold higher than that of biAb/dEGCG@NPs, biAb/dEGCG complexes, and free biAbs, respectively. Furthermore, 50% of GBM-bearing mice in the S-biAb/dEGCG@NP group survived longer than 56 days. Overall, S-biAb/dEGCG@NPs can induce GBM elimination by boosting the ferroptosis effect and enhancing immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) immunotherapy and may be successful antibody nanocarriers for enhanced cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rangrang Fan
- Department of Neurosurgery and Institute of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Caili Chen
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453000, P. R. China
| | - Min Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Di Chuan
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery and Institute of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Huan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Jianhan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Aiping Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Gang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Jianguo Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery and Institute of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
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