1
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Lv XL, Li WL, Sun FJ, An YZ, Sun N, Lv XP, Gao XL. Investigation of the mutual crosstalk between ER stress and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in iron overload-induced liver injury in chicks. Biometals 2024; 37:955-969. [PMID: 38483766 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-024-00588-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Iron is an essential element for the normal functioning of living organisms, but excessive iron deposition can lead to organ damage. This study aims to investigate the interaction between the endoplasmic reticulum stress signaling pathway and the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in liver injury induced by iron overload in chicks. Rspectively, 150 one-day-old broilers were divided into three groups and supplemented with 50 (C), 500 (E1), and 1000 (E2) mg ferrous sulfate monohydrate/kg in the basal diet. Samples were taken after continuous feeding for 14 days. The results showed that iron overload could upregulate the levels of ALT and AST. Histopathological examination revealed bleeding in the central vein of the liver accompanied by inflammatory cell infiltration. Hoechst staining showed that the iron overload group showed significant bright blue fluorescence, and ultrastructural observations showed chromatin condensation as well as mitochondrial swelling and cristae disorganization in the iron overload group. RT-qPCR and Western blot results showed that iron overload upregulated the expression of Bax, Caspase-3, Caspase-9, GRP78, GRP94, P-PERK, ATF4, eIF2α, IRE1, and ATF6, while downregulating the expression of Bcl-2 and the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. XBP-1 splicing experiment showed significant splicing of XBP-1 gene after iron overload. PCA and correlation analysis suggested a potential association between endoplasmic reticulum stress, the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, and liver injury in chicks. In summary, iron overload can induce cell apoptosis and liver injury by affecting endoplasmic reticulum stress and the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Long Lv
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Lei Li
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng-Jiao Sun
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Zhi An
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Sun
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ping Lv
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Li Gao
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Qi Q, Zhang H, Jin Z, Wang C, Xia M, Chen B, Lv B, Peres Diaz L, Li X, Feng R, Qiu M, Li Y, Meseguer D, Zheng X, Wang W, Song W, Huang H, Wu H, Chen L, Schneeberger M, Yu X. Hydrogen sulfide produced by the gut microbiota impairs host metabolism via reducing GLP-1 levels in male mice. Nat Metab 2024:10.1038/s42255-024-01068-x. [PMID: 39030389 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-024-01068-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota has been implicated in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and may impair host metabolism through harmful metabolites. Here, we show that Desulfovibrio, an intestinal symbiont enriched in patients with MetS, suppresses the production of the gut hormone glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) through the production of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in male mice. Desulfovibrio-derived H2S is found to inhibit mitochondrial respiration and induce the unfolded protein response in intestinal L cells, thereby hindering GLP-1 secretion and gene expression. Remarkably, blocking Desulfovibrio and H2S with an over-the-counter drug, bismuth subsalicylate, improves GLP-1 production and ameliorates diet-induced metabolic disorder in male mice. Together, our study uncovers that Desulfovibrio-derived H2S compromises GLP-1 production, shedding light on the gut-relayed mechanisms by which harmful microbiota-derived metabolites impair host metabolism in MetS and suggesting new possibilities for treating MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan Microbiome Center, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huijie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan Microbiome Center, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheyu Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan Microbiome Center, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Changchun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan Microbiome Center, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengyu Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan Microbiome Center, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bandy Chen
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Bomin Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan Microbiome Center, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ludmila Peres Diaz
- Department of Immunobiology, Institute for Biomolecular Design and Discovery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Xue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan Microbiome Center, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ru Feng
- Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengdi Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan Microbiome Center, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Li
- Center for Translational Medicine and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - David Meseguer
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Xiaojiao Zheng
- Center for Translational Medicine and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan Microbiome Center, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Song
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - He Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan Microbiome Center, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Marc Schneeberger
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Xiaofei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan Microbiome Center, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microorganisms, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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3
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Posadas N, Conaco C. Gene networks governing the response of a calcareous sponge to future ocean conditions reveal lineage-specific XBP1 regulation of the unfolded protein response. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e11652. [PMID: 38952658 PMCID: PMC11214833 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.11652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Marine sponges are predicted to be winners in the future ocean due to their exemplary adaptive capacity. However, while many sponge groups exhibit tolerance to a wide range of environmental insults, calcifying sponges may be more susceptible to thermo-acidic stress. To describe the gene regulatory networks that govern the stress response of the calcareous sponge, Leucetta chagosensis (class Calcarea, order Clathrinida), individuals were subjected to warming and acidification conditions based on the climate models for 2100. Transcriptome analysis and gene co-expression network reconstruction revealed that the unfolded protein response (UPR) was activated under thermo-acidic stress. Among the upregulated genes were two lineage-specific homologs of X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1), a transcription factor that activates the UPR. Alternative dimerization between these XBP1 gene products suggests a clathrinid-specific mechanism to reversibly sequester the transcription factor into an inactive form, enabling the rapid regulation of pathways linked to the UPR in clathrinid calcareous sponges. Our findings support the idea that transcription factor duplication events may refine evolutionarily conserved molecular pathways and contribute to ecological success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niño Posadas
- Marine Science Institute, University of the Philippines DilimanQuezon CityPhilippines
- Present address:
Centre for Chromosome Biology, School of Biological and Chemical SciencesUniversity of GalwayGalwayIreland
| | - Cecilia Conaco
- Marine Science Institute, University of the Philippines DilimanQuezon CityPhilippines
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4
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Dashti Z, Yousefi Z, Kiani P, Taghizadeh M, Maleki MH, Borji M, Vakili O, Shafiee SM. Autophagy and the unfolded protein response shape the non-alcoholic fatty liver landscape: decoding the labyrinth. Metabolism 2024; 154:155811. [PMID: 38309690 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2024.155811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
The incidence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is on the rise, mirroring a global surge in diabetes and metabolic syndrome, as its major leading causes. NAFLD represents a spectrum of liver disorders, ranging from nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which can potentially progress to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Mechanistically, we know the unfolded protein response (UPR) as a protective cellular mechanism, being triggered under circumstances of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. The hepatic UPR is turned on in a broad spectrum of liver diseases, including NAFLD. Recent data also defines molecular mechanisms that may underlie the existing correlation between UPR activation and NAFLD. More interestingly, subsequent studies have demonstrated an additional mechanism, i.e. autophagy, to be involved in hepatic steatosis, and thus NAFLD pathogenesis, principally by regulating the insulin sensitivity, hepatocellular injury, innate immunity, fibrosis, and carcinogenesis. All these findings suggest possible mechanistic roles for autophagy in the progression of NAFLD and its complications. Both UPR and autophagy are dynamic and interconnected fluxes that act as protective responses to minimize the harmful effects of hepatic lipid accumulation, as well as the ER stress during NAFLD. The functions of UPR and autophagy in the liver, together with findings of decreased hepatic autophagy in correlation with conditions that predispose to NAFLD, such as obesity and aging, suggest that autophagy and UPR, alone or combined, may be novel therapeutic targets against the disease. In this review, we discuss the current evidence on the interplay between autophagy and the UPR in connection to the NAFLD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Dashti
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Zeynab Yousefi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pouria Kiani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Motahareh Taghizadeh
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hasan Maleki
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Borji
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Omid Vakili
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Autophagy Research Center, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Sayed Mohammad Shafiee
- Autophagy Research Center, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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5
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Huang D, Li Y, Han J, Zuo H, Liu H, Chen Z. Xbp1 promotes odontoblastic differentiation through modulating mitochondrial homeostasis. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23600. [PMID: 38572599 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202400186r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Odontoblast differentiation depends on the orderly recruitment of transcriptional factors (TFs) in the transcriptional regulatory network. The depletion of crucial TFs disturbs dynamic alteration of the chromatin landscape and gene expression profile, leading to developmental defects. Our previous studies have revealed that the basic leucine zipper (bZIP) TF family is crucial in odontoblastic differentiation, but the function of bZIP TF family member XBP1 is still unknown. Here, we showed the stage-specific expression patterns of the spliced form Xbp1s during tooth development. Elevated Xbp1 expression and nuclear translocation of XBP1S in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were induced by differentiation medium in vitro. Diminution of Xbp1 expression impaired the odontogenic differentiation potential of MSCs. The further integration of ATAC-seq and RNA-seq identified Hspa9 as a direct downstream target, an essential mitochondrial chaperonin gene that modulated mitochondrial homeostasis. The amelioration of mitochondrial dysfunction rescued the impaired odontogenic differentiation potential of MSCs caused by the diminution of Xbp1. Furthermore, the overexpression of Hspa9 rescued Xbp1-deficient defects in odontoblastic differentiation. Our study illustrates the crucial role of Xbp1 in odontoblastic differentiation via modulating mitochondrial homeostasis and brings evidence to the therapy of mitochondrial diseases caused by genetic defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiahao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huanyan Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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6
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Móvio MI, de Almeida GWC, Martines IDGL, Barros de Lima G, Sasaki SD, Kihara AH, Poole E, Nevels M, Carlan da Silva MC. SARS-CoV-2 ORF8 as a Modulator of Cytokine Induction: Evidence and Search for Molecular Mechanisms. Viruses 2024; 16:161. [PMID: 38275971 PMCID: PMC10819295 DOI: 10.3390/v16010161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Severe cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection are characterized by an immune response that leads to the overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines, resulting in lung damage, cardiovascular symptoms, hematologic symptoms, acute kidney injury and multiple organ failure that can lead to death. This remarkable increase in cytokines and other inflammatory molecules is primarily caused by viral proteins, and particular interest has been given to ORF8, a unique accessory protein specific to SARS-CoV-2. Despite plenty of research, the precise mechanisms by which ORF8 induces proinflammatory cytokines are not clear. Our investigations demonstrated that ORF8 augments production of IL-6 induced by Poly(I:C) in human embryonic kidney (HEK)-293 and monocyte-derived dendritic cells (mono-DCs). We discuss our findings and the multifaceted roles of ORF8 as a modulator of cytokine response, focusing on type I interferon and IL-6, a key component of the immune response to SARS-CoV-2. In addition, we explore the hypothesis that ORF8 may act through pattern recognition receptors of dsRNA such as TLRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marília Inês Móvio
- Laboratório de Neurogenética, Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo 09606-070, Brazil; (M.I.M.)
| | - Giovana Waner Carneiro de Almeida
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas (CCNH), Universidade Federal do UFABC (UFABC), São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo 09606-070, Brazil; (G.W.C.d.A.); (G.B.d.L.); (S.D.S.)
| | - Isabella das Graças Lopes Martines
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas (CCNH), Universidade Federal do UFABC (UFABC), São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo 09606-070, Brazil; (G.W.C.d.A.); (G.B.d.L.); (S.D.S.)
| | - Gilmara Barros de Lima
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas (CCNH), Universidade Federal do UFABC (UFABC), São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo 09606-070, Brazil; (G.W.C.d.A.); (G.B.d.L.); (S.D.S.)
| | - Sergio Daishi Sasaki
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas (CCNH), Universidade Federal do UFABC (UFABC), São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo 09606-070, Brazil; (G.W.C.d.A.); (G.B.d.L.); (S.D.S.)
| | - Alexandre Hiroaki Kihara
- Laboratório de Neurogenética, Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo 09606-070, Brazil; (M.I.M.)
| | - Emma Poole
- Division of Virology, Department of Pathology, Cambridge University, Level 5, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Michael Nevels
- School of Biology, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9ST, UK;
| | - Maria Cristina Carlan da Silva
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas (CCNH), Universidade Federal do UFABC (UFABC), São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo 09606-070, Brazil; (G.W.C.d.A.); (G.B.d.L.); (S.D.S.)
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7
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Zhou C, Han D, Fang H, Huang D, Cai H, Shen Y, Shen Y, Liu J. Deletion of mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor delays and damages the development of white pulp in spleen. Immunobiology 2024; 229:152778. [PMID: 38159526 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2023.152778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-induced protein, and it has been reported that ER stress and unfolded protein response (UPR) are closely related to the immune system. The spleen is an important immune organ and we have shown in our previous research that MANF is expressed in human spleen tissues. However, there have been limited studies about the effect of MANF on spleen development. In this study, we detected MANF expression in spleen tissues and found that MANF was expressed in the red pulp and marginal zone. Additionally, MANF was localized in the CD68+ and CD138+ cells of adult rat spleen tissues, but not in the CD3+ cells. We performed immunohistochemical staining to detect MANF expression in the spleen tissues of rats that were different ages, and we found that MANF+ cells were localized together in the spleen tissues of rats that were 1-4 weeks old. MANF was also expressed in CD68+ cells in the spleen tissues of rats and mice. Furthermore, we found that MANF deficiency inhibited white pulp development in MANF knockout mice, thus indicating that MANF played an important role in the white pulp development of rodent spleen tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyue Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, Hefei, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Biopharmaceutical Institute, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Dan Han
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Biopharmaceutical Institute, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; The Clinical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Hui Fang
- Anhui Institute of Pediatric Research, Anhui, Hefei, China
| | - Dake Huang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Comprehensive Experiment Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Heping Cai
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Yujun Shen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Biopharmaceutical Institute, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yuxian Shen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Biopharmaceutical Institute, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
| | - Jun Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Biopharmaceutical Institute, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
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8
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Luo G, Aldridge K, Chen T, Aslot V, Kim BG, Han EH, Singh N, Li S, Xiao TS, Sporn MB, Letterio JJ. The synthetic oleanane triterpenoid CDDO-2P-Im binds GRP78/BiP to induce unfolded protein response-mediated apoptosis in myeloma. Mol Oncol 2023; 17:2526-2545. [PMID: 37149844 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Synthetic oleanane triterpenoids (SOTs) are small molecules with broad anticancer properties. A recently developed SOT, 1-[2-cyano-3,12-dioxooleana-1,9(11)-dien-28-oyl]-4(-pyridin-2-yl)-1H-imidazole (CDDO-2P-Im or '2P-Im'), exhibits enhanced activity and improved pharmacokinetics over CDDO-Im, a previous generation SOT. However, the mechanisms leading to these properties are not defined. Here, we show the synergy of 2P-Im and the proteasome inhibitor ixazomib in human multiple myeloma (MM) cells and 2P-Im activity in a murine model of plasmacytoma. RNA sequencing and quantitative reverse transcription PCR revealed the upregulation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) in MM cells upon 2P-lm treatment, implicating the activation of the UPR as a key step in 2P-Im-induced apoptosis. Supporting this hypothesis, the deletion of genes encoding either protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) or DNA damage-inducible transcript 3 protein (DDIT3; also known as CHOP) impaired the MM response to 2P-Im, as did treatment with ISRIB, integrated stress response inhibitor, which inhibits UPR signaling downstream of PERK. Finally, both drug affinity responsive target stability and thermal shift assays demonstrated direct binding of 2P-Im to endoplasmic reticulum chaperone BiP (GRP78/BiP), a stress-inducible key signaling molecule of the UPR. These data reveal GRP78/BiP as a novel target of SOTs, and specifically of 2P-Im, and suggest the potential broader utility of this class of small molecules as modulators of the UPR.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Luo
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Toby Chen
- Trinity College of Arts and Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Vivek Aslot
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Byung-Gyu Kim
- The Angie Fowler Adolescent and Young Adult Cancer Institute, University Hospitals Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH, USA
- The Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Eun Hyang Han
- The Angie Fowler Adolescent and Young Adult Cancer Institute, University Hospitals Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH, USA
- The Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Neelima Singh
- The Angie Fowler Adolescent and Young Adult Cancer Institute, University Hospitals Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH, USA
- The Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Sai Li
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Tsan Sam Xiao
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - John J Letterio
- The Angie Fowler Adolescent and Young Adult Cancer Institute, University Hospitals Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH, USA
- The Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
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9
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Wang J, Zhao R, Cao H, Yin Z, Ma J, Xing Y, Zhang W, Chang X, Guo J. A novel autosomal dominant ERLIN2 variant activates endoplasmic reticulum stress in a Chinese HSP family. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2023; 10:2139-2148. [PMID: 37752894 PMCID: PMC10646992 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) has been reported rarely because of a monoallelic variant in ERLIN2. The present study aimed at describing a novel autosomal dominant ERLIN2 pedigree in a Chinese family and exploring the possible mechanism of HSP caused by ERLIN2 variants. METHODS The proband and his family underwent a comprehensive medical history inquiry and neurological examinations. Whole-exome sequencing was performed on the proband, and Sanger sequencing was performed on some family members. HeLa cell lines and mouse primary cortical neurons were used for immunofluorescence (IF) and reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR). RESULTS Seven patients were clinically diagnosed with pure spastic paraplegia in four consecutive generations with the autosomal dominant inheritance model. All patients presented juvenile-adolescent onset and gradually worsening pure HSP phenotype. Whole-exome sequencing of the proband and Sanger sequencing of all available family members identified a novel heterozygous c.212 T>C (p.V71A) variant in exon 8 of the ERLIN2 gene. The c.212 T>C demonstrated a high pathogenic effect score through functional prediction. RT-PCR and IF analysis of overexpressed V71A revealed an altered ER morphology and increased XBP-1S mRNA levels, suggesting the activation of ER stress. Overexpression of V71A in primary cultured cortical neurons promoted axon growth. INTERPRETATION The novel c.212 T>C heterozygous variant in human ERLIN2 caused pure HSP. Moreover, c.212 T>C heterozygous variant in ERLIN2 increased ER stress and affected axonal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- Department of NeurologyFirst Hospital of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina
- First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina
| | - Rongjuan Zhao
- Department of NeurologyFirst Hospital of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina
| | - Hanshuai Cao
- First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina
| | - Zhaoxu Yin
- First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina
| | - Jing Ma
- First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina
| | - Yingming Xing
- First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of NeurologyFirst Hospital of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina
| | - Xueli Chang
- Department of NeurologyFirst Hospital of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina
| | - Junhong Guo
- Department of NeurologyFirst Hospital of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina
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10
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Qiao D, Skibba M, Xu X, Brasier AR. Genomic targets of the IRE1-XBP1s pathway in mediating metabolic adaptation in epithelial plasticity. Nucleic Acids Res 2023; 51:3650-3670. [PMID: 36772828 PMCID: PMC10164557 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial mesenchymal plasticity (EMP) is a complex cellular reprogramming event that plays a major role in tissue homeostasis. Recently we observed the unfolded protein response (UPR) triggers EMP through the inositol-requiring protein 1 (IRE1α)-X-box-binding protein 1 spliced (XBP1s) axis, enhancing glucose shunting to protein N glycosylation. To better understand the genomic targets of XBP1s, we identified its genomic targets using Cleavage Under Targets and Release Using Nuclease (CUT&RUN) of a FLAG-epitope tagged XBP1s in RSV infection. CUT&RUN identified 7086 binding sites in chromatin that were enriched in AP-1 motifs and GC-sequences. Of these binding sites, XBP1s peaks mapped to 4827 genes controlling Rho-GTPase signaling, N-linked glycosylation and ER-Golgi transport. Strikingly, XBP1s peaks were within 1 kb of transcription start sites of 2119 promoters. In addition to binding core mesenchymal transcription factors SNAI1 and ZEB1, we observed that hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP) enzymes were induced and contained proximal XBP1s peaks. We demonstrate that IRE1α -XBP1s signaling is necessary and sufficient to activate core enzymes by recruiting elongation-competent phospho-Ser2 CTD modified RNA Pol II. We conclude that the IRE1α-XBP1s pathway coordinately regulates mesenchymal transcription factors and hexosamine biosynthesis in EMP by a mechanism involving recruitment of activated pSer2-Pol II to GC-rich promoters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianhua Qiao
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health (SMPH), Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Melissa Skibba
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health (SMPH), Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Xiaofang Xu
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health (SMPH), Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Allan R Brasier
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health (SMPH), Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research (ICTR), University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 1053705, USA
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11
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Sanmarco LM, Rone JM, Polonio CM, Giovannoni F, Lahore GF, Ferrara K, Gutierrez-Vazquez C, Li N, Sokolovska A, Plasencia A, Akl CF, Nanda P, Heck ES, Li Z, Lee HG, Chao CC, Rejano-Gordillo CM, Fonseca-Castro PH, Illouz T, Linnerbauer M, Kenison JE, Barilla RM, Farrenkopf D, Piester G, Dailey L, Kuchroo VK, Hava D, Wheeler MA, Clish C, Nowarski R, Balsa E, Lora JM, Quintana FJ. Engineered probiotics limit CNS autoimmunity by stabilizing HIF-1α in dendritic cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.17.532101. [PMID: 36993446 PMCID: PMC10055137 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.17.532101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) control the generation of self-reactive pathogenic T cells. Thus, DCs are considered attractive therapeutic targets for autoimmune diseases. Using single-cell and bulk transcriptional and metabolic analyses in combination with cell-specific gene perturbation studies we identified a negative feedback regulatory pathway that operates in DCs to limit immunopathology. Specifically, we found that lactate, produced by activated DCs and other immune cells, boosts NDUFA4L2 expression through a mechanism mediated by HIF-1α. NDUFA4L2 limits the production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species that activate XBP1-driven transcriptional modules in DCs involved in the control of pathogenic autoimmune T cells. Moreover, we engineered a probiotic that produces lactate and suppresses T-cell autoimmunity in the central nervous system via the activation of HIF-1α/NDUFA4L2 signaling in DCs. In summary, we identified an immunometabolic pathway that regulates DC function, and developed a synthetic probiotic for its therapeutic activation.
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12
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Clark IC, Wheeler MA, Lee HG, Li Z, Sanmarco LM, Thaploo S, Polonio CM, Shin SW, Scalisi G, Henry AR, Rone JM, Giovannoni F, Charabati M, Akl CF, Aleman DM, Zandee SEJ, Prat A, Douek DC, Boritz EA, Quintana FJ, Abate AR. Identification of astrocyte regulators by nucleic acid cytometry. Nature 2023; 614:326-333. [PMID: 36599367 PMCID: PMC9980163 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05613-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system1. Astrocytes are heterogeneous glial cells that are resident in the central nervous system and participate in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis and its model experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis2,3. However, few unique surface markers are available for the isolation of astrocyte subsets, preventing their analysis and the identification of candidate therapeutic targets; these limitations are further amplified by the rarity of pathogenic astrocytes. Here, to address these challenges, we developed focused interrogation of cells by nucleic acid detection and sequencing (FIND-seq), a high-throughput microfluidic cytometry method that combines encapsulation of cells in droplets, PCR-based detection of target nucleic acids and droplet sorting to enable in-depth transcriptomic analyses of cells of interest at single-cell resolution. We applied FIND-seq to study the regulation of astrocytes characterized by the splicing-driven activation of the transcription factor XBP1, which promotes disease pathology in multiple sclerosis and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis4. Using FIND-seq in combination with conditional-knockout mice, in vivo CRISPR-Cas9-driven genetic perturbation studies and bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing analyses of samples from mouse experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and humans with multiple sclerosis, we identified a new role for the nuclear receptor NR3C2 and its corepressor NCOR2 in limiting XBP1-driven pathogenic astrocyte responses. In summary, we used FIND-seq to identify a therapeutically targetable mechanism that limits XBP1-driven pathogenic astrocyte responses. FIND-seq enables the investigation of previously inaccessible cells, including rare cell subsets defined by unique gene expression signatures or other nucleic acid markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iain C Clark
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, QB3, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Michael A Wheeler
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Hong-Gyun Lee
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zhaorong Li
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Liliana M Sanmarco
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shravan Thaploo
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Carolina M Polonio
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Seung Won Shin
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, QB3, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Giulia Scalisi
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Amy R Henry
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Joseph M Rone
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Federico Giovannoni
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marc Charabati
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Camilo Faust Akl
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dulce M Aleman
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stephanie E J Zandee
- Neuroimmunology Research Lab, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alexandre Prat
- Neuroimmunology Research Lab, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Daniel C Douek
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Eli A Boritz
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Francisco J Quintana
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Adam R Abate
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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13
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Yuan Y, Li N, Fu M, Ye M. Identification of Critical Modules and Biomarkers of Ulcerative Colitis by Using WGCNA. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:1611-1628. [PMID: 37092131 PMCID: PMC10120594 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s402715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the colon and rectum that has no exact cause and is characterized by relapsing and remitting episodes. We aimed to find biomarkers of UC and its causes. Methods We got GSE73661 from the GEO database and used WGCNA to find DEGs that were expressed in the same way in both normal and UC samples. To identify the co-expression modules, we used Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis. Next, we selected genes that were both DEGs and parts of main modules. Later, three datasets were used to find the hub genes, and qRT-PCR was utilized to confirm the in-silico findings. Additionally, we analyzed the connection between the hub genes and the filtration of immune cells in UC. Using the databases, we made predictions about the miRNAs and lncRNAs that regulate the hub genes and predicted possible therapeutic drugs. Results We found 822 DEGs and three main modules related to immunity, endoplasmic reticulum, and metabolism. Using another three datasets and human samples to confirm the mRNA expression of these genes in UC patients, XBP1 and PLPP1 were selected as hub genes, and had excellent diagnostic potential. According to the findings of the immune infiltration, patients with UC exhibited a larger proportion of immune cells. And hub genes, particularly XBP1, were closely linked to a number of immune cell infiltrations. Based on the databases and hub genes, a lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network, including two miRNAs (miR-214-3p and miR-93-5p), two hub genes, and 124 lncRNAs, and potential therapeutic medicine were identified. Conclusion We found two new genes, XBP1 and PLPP1, that are involved in UC and can help diagnose and measure the disease. XBP1 also relates to clinical scores and immune cells. We suggested a gene network and possible drugs based on them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Yuan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
- Hubei Clinical Centre and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
- Hubei Clinical Centre and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
| | - Mingyue Fu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
- Hubei Clinical Centre and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
| | - Mei Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
- Hubei Clinical Centre and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
- Correspondence: Mei Ye, Email
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14
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Tang TF, Chan YT, Cheong HC, Cheok YY, Anuar NA, Looi CY, Gan GG, Wong WF. Regulatory network of BLIMP1, IRF4, and XBP1 triad in plasmacytic differentiation and multiple myeloma pathogenesis. Cell Immunol 2022; 380:104594. [PMID: 36081178 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2022.104594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Antibody secreting plasma cell plays an indispensable role in humoral immunity. As activated B cell undergoes germinal center reaction and develops into plasma cell, it gradually loses B cell characteristics and embraces functional changes associated with immunoglobulins production. Differentiation of B cell into plasma cell involves drastic changes in cell structure, granularity, metabolism, gene expression and epigenetic regulation that couple with the mounting capacity for synthesis of a large quantity of antigen-specific antibodies. The interplay between three hallmark transcriptional regulators IRF4, BLIMP1, and XBP1, is critical for supporting the cellular reprograming activities during B to plasma cell transition. IRF4 promotes plasma cell generation by directing immunoglobulin class switching, proliferation and survival; BLIMP1 serves as a transcriptional repressor that extinguishes B cell features; whereas XBP1 controls unfolded protein response that relieves endoplasmic reticulum stress and permits antibody release during terminal differentiation. Intriguingly, high expression of IRF4, BLIMP1, and XBP1 molecules have been reported in myeloma cells derived from multiple myeloma patients, which negatively impact treatment outcome, prognosis, and relapse frequency. Despite the introduction of immunomodulatory drugs in recent years, multiple myeloma is still an incurable disease with poor survival rate. An in-depth review of IRF4, BLIMP1, and XBP1 triad molecules in plasma cell generation and multiple myeloma tumorigenesis may provide clues to the possibility of targeting these molecules in disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Fang Tang
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yee Teng Chan
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Heng Choon Cheong
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yi Ying Cheok
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nur Adila Anuar
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chung Yeng Looi
- School of Bioscience, Taylor's University, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Gin Gin Gan
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Won Fen Wong
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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15
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Spliced X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1s) protects spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced damage by regulating the testicular microenvironment. Theriogenology 2022; 191:132-140. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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16
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Liu P, Wang X, Sun Y, Zhao H, Cheng F, Wang J, Yang F, Hu J, Zhang H, Wang CC, Wang L. SARS-CoV-2 ORF8 reshapes the ER through forming mixed disulfides with ER oxidoreductases. Redox Biol 2022; 54:102388. [PMID: 35792438 PMCID: PMC9239706 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The replication machinery of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is closely associated with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in host cells. Activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) is a strategy hijacked by coronavirus to facilitate its replication and suppress host innate immunity. Here, we have found that SARS-CoV-2 ORF8 protein accumulates in the ER and escapes the degradation system by forming mixed disulfide complexes with ER oxidoreductases. ORF8 induces the activation of three UPR pathways through targeting key UPR components, remodels ER morphology and accelerates protein trafficking. Moreover, small molecule reducing agents release ORF8 from the mixed disulfide complexes and facilitate its degradation, therefore mitigate ER stress. Our study reveals a unique mechanism by which SARS-CoV-2 ORF8 escapes degradation by host cells and regulates ER reshaping. Targeting ORF8-involved mixed disulfide complexes could be a new strategy to alleviate SARS-CoV-2 induced ER stress and related diseases. SARS-CoV-2 ORF8 protein accumulates in the ER through forming mixed disulfide complexes. Two key protein disulfide isomerases, PDI and ERp44, are main targets of ORF8. ORF8 induces ER stress, remodels the ER and accelerates protein trafficking. Small molecule reducing agents facilitates the degradation of ORF8 and mitigates ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Liu
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Xi Wang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Yiwei Sun
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hongyu Zhao
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Fang Cheng
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jifeng Wang
- Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Fuquan Yang
- Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Junjie Hu
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chih-Chen Wang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lei Wang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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17
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Li C, Ma D, Chen Y, Liu W, Jin F, Bo L. Selective inhibition of JNK located on mitochondria protects against mitochondrial dysfunction and cell death caused by endoplasmic reticulum stress in mice with LPS‑induced ALI/ARDS. Int J Mol Med 2022; 49:85. [PMID: 35514298 PMCID: PMC9106374 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2022.5141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Few pharmacological interventions are able to improve the mortality rate of acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS). The aim of this research was to elucidate whether endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and c-Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK)-mitochondria pathways serve important roles in ALI/ARDS and to determine whether the key component Sab is a potential treatment target. The current study investigated the activation of ER stress and the JNK pathway, the content of JNK located on the mitochondria during ER stress and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI/ARDS by western blot analysis. The treatment effects of Tat-SabKIM1, a selective inhibitor of JNK located on mitochondria were explored by multiple methods including histopathological evaluation, lung cell apoptosis tested by TUNEL assay, mitochondrial membrane permeability and survival analysis. The results verified that ER stress was enhanced during LPS-induced ALI/ARDS and could induce activation of the JNK pathway and JNK-mitochondrial localization as well as mitochondrial dysfunction and cell death. Tat-SabKIM1 alleviated LPS injection-induced lung injury and improved mouse survival rates by specifically inhibiting JNK localization to mitochondria and mito-JNK signal activation without affecting cytosolic/nuclear JNK activation. The protective effect of Tat-SabKIM1 against ALI/ARDS was partly caused by inhibition of the excessive activation of mitochondria-mediated apoptosis and autophagy. These results showed the important role of Sab as a treatment target of ALI/ARDS and the potential treatment effect of Tat-SabKIM1. In conclusion, abnormal activation of the JNK-mitochondrial pathway could significantly disrupt the normal physiological function of lung cells, resulting in the occurrence of ALI/ARDS and selective inhibit of JNK located on mitochondria by Tat-SabKIM1 had a protective effect against the mitochondrial dysfunction and cell death caused by endoplasmic reticulum stress in mice with LPS-induced ALI/ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
| | - Debin Ma
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, P.R. China
| | - Faguang Jin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, P.R. China
| | - Liyan Bo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
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18
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García-González P, Fernández D, Gutiérrez D, Parra-Cordero M, Osorio F. Human cDC1 display constitutive activation of the UPR Sensor IRE1. Eur J Immunol 2022; 52:1069-1076. [PMID: 35419836 PMCID: PMC9541385 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202149774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The intracellular mechanisms safeguarding DC function are of biomedical interest in several immune‐related diseases. Type 1 conventional DCs (cDC1s) are prominent targets of immunotherapy typified by constitutive activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) sensor IRE1. Through its RNase domain, IRE1 regulates key processes in cDC1s including survival, ER architecture and function. However, most evidence linking IRE1 RNase with cDC1 biology emerges from mouse studies and it is currently unknown whether human cDC1s also activate the enzyme to preserve cellular homeostasis. In this work, we report that human cDC1s constitutively activate IRE1 RNase in steady state, which is evidenced by marked expression of IRE1, XBP1s, and target genes, and low levels of mRNA substrates of the IRE1 RNase domain. On a functional level, pharmacological inhibition of the IRE1 RNase domain curtailed IL‐12 and TNF production by cDC1s upon stimulation with TLR agonists. Altogether, this work demonstrates that activation of the IRE1/XBP1s axis is a conserved feature of cDC1s across species and suggests that the UPR sensor may also play a relevant role in the biology of the human lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina García-González
- Laboratory of Immunology and Cellular Stress, Immunology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Dominique Fernández
- Laboratory of Immunology and Cellular Stress, Immunology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Diane Gutiérrez
- Fetal Medicine Unit, Clinical Hospital of University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mauro Parra-Cordero
- Fetal Medicine Unit, Clinical Hospital of University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Fabiola Osorio
- Laboratory of Immunology and Cellular Stress, Immunology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
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19
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Zhang DG, Xu XJ, Pantopoulos K, Zhao T, Zheng H, Luo Z. HSF1-SELENOS pathway mediated dietary inorganic Se-induced lipogenesis via the up-regulation of PPARγ expression in yellow catfish. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2022; 1865:194802. [PMID: 35248747 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2022.194802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
At present, studies involved in the effects of dietary Se sources on lipid metabolism were very scarce and the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Previous studies reported that dietary Se sources differentially affected selenoprotein S (SELENOS) expression and SELENOS affected lipid metabolism via the inositol-requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α)- spliced X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1s) pathway. Thus, we used yellow catfish as an experimental model to explore whether dietary selenium sources affected the hepatic lipid metabolism, and further determined the role of SELENOS-IRE1α-XBP1s pathway in dietary selenium sources affecting hepatic lipid metabolism. Compared with the selenomethionine (S-M) group, sodium selenite (SS) group possessed higher liver triglycerides (TGs) (34.7%), lipogenic enzyme activities (57.9-70.6%), and lower antioxidant enzyme activities (23.3-35.5%), increased protein levels of heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1) and SELENOS (1.17-fold and 47.4%, respectively), and XBP1s- peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) pathway. Blocking SELENOS and PPARγ by RNA interference demonstrated that the SELENOS/XBP1s/PPARγ axis was critical for S-S-induced lipid accumulation. Moreover, S-S-induced upregulation of SELENOS was via the increased DNA binding capacity of HSF1 to SELENOS promoter, which activated the XBP1s/PPARγ pathway and promoted lipogenesis and lipid accumulation. XBP1s is required for S-S-induced upregulation of PPARγ expression. Our finding elucidated the mechanism of dietary Se sources affecting the lipid metabolism in the liver of yellow catfish and demonstrated novel function of SELENOS in metabolic regulation. Our study also suggested that seleno-methionine was a better Se source than selenite against abnormal lipid deposition in the liver of yellow catfish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dian-Guang Zhang
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiao-Jian Xu
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Kostas Pantopoulos
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal H3T 1E2, Quebec, Canada
| | - Tao Zhao
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Hua Zheng
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhi Luo
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430070, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China.
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20
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Song G, Shi Y, Meng L, Ma J, Huang S, Zhang J, Wu Y, Li J, Lin Y, Yang S, Rao D, Cheng Y, Lin J, Ji S, Liu Y, Jiang S, Wang X, Zhang S, Ke A, Wang X, Cao Y, Ji Y, Zhou J, Fan J, Zhang X, Xi R, Gao Q. Single-cell transcriptomic analysis suggests two molecularly subtypes of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1642. [PMID: 35347134 PMCID: PMC8960779 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29164-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) is a highly heterogeneous cancer with limited understanding of its classification and tumor microenvironment. Here, by performing single-cell RNA sequencing on 144,878 cells from 14 pairs of iCCA tumors and non-tumor liver tissues, we find that S100P and SPP1 are two markers for iCCA perihilar large duct type (iCCAphl) and peripheral small duct type (iCCApps). S100P + SPP1− iCCAphl has significantly reduced levels of infiltrating CD4+ T cells, CD56+ NK cells, and increased CCL18+ macrophages and PD1+CD8+ T cells compared to S100P-SPP1 + iCCApps. The transcription factor CREB3L1 is identified to regulate the S100P expression and promote tumor cell invasion. S100P-SPP1 + iCCApps has significantly more SPP1+ macrophage infiltration, less aggressiveness and better survival than S100P + SPP1− iCCAphl. Moreover, S100P-SPP1 + iCCApps harbors tumor cells at different status of differentiation, such as ALB + hepatocyte differentiation and ID3+ stemness. Our study extends the understanding of the diversity of tumor cells in iCCA. The molecular classification and tumour microenvironment in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) need further characterisation. Here, the authors perform single cell RNA-sequencing from 14 pairs of iCCA tumours and non-tumour liver tissues and propose S100P and SPP1 as markers for patient classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohe Song
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Shi
- School of Mathematical Sciences and Center for Statistical Science, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Meng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaqiang Ma
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Siyuan Huang
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingcheng Wu
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Youpei Lin
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuaixi Yang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongning Rao
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifei Cheng
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Lin
- Department of Cancer Center, Jin Shan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuyi Ji
- Department of Cancer Center, Jin Shan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuming Liu
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoliang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shu Zhang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Aiwu Ke
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ya Cao
- Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yuan Ji
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Fan
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xiaoming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Ruibin Xi
- School of Mathematical Sciences and Center for Statistical Science, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Qiang Gao
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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21
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Wu CY, Cheng CW, Kung CC, Liao KS, Jan JT, Ma C, Wong CH. Glycosite-deleted mRNA of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein as a broad-spectrum vaccine. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2119995119. [PMID: 35149556 PMCID: PMC8892489 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2119995119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of the messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine has emerged as an effective and speedy strategy to control the spread of new pathogens. After vaccination, the mRNA is translated into the real protein vaccine, and there is no need to manufacture the protein in vitro. However, the fate of mRNA and its posttranslational modification inside the cell may affect immune response. Here, we showed that the mRNA vaccine of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike protein with deletion of glycosites in the receptor-binding domain (RBD) or especially the subunit 2 (S2) domain to expose more conserved epitopes elicited stronger antibody and CD8+ T cell responses with broader protection against the alpha, beta, gamma, delta, and omicron variants, compared to the unmodified mRNA. Immunization of such mRNA resulted in accumulation of misfolded spike protein in the endoplasmic reticulum, causing the up-regulation of BiP/GRP78, XBP1, and p-eIF2α to induce cell apoptosis and strong CD8+ T cell response. In addition, dendritic cells (DCs) incubated with S2-glysosite deleted mRNA vaccine increased class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC I) expression. This study provides a direction for the development of broad-spectrum mRNA vaccines which may not be achieved with the use of expressed proteins as antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Yi Wu
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Wei Cheng
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- The Master Program of AI Application in Health Industry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City 80708, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chuan Kung
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Shiang Liao
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Tsrong Jan
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Che Ma
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Huey Wong
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan;
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA 92037
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22
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Reggiori F, Molinari M. ER-phagy: mechanisms, regulation and diseases connected to the lysosomal clearance of the endoplasmic reticulum. Physiol Rev 2022; 102:1393-1448. [PMID: 35188422 PMCID: PMC9126229 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00038.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
ER-phagy (reticulo-phagy) defines the degradation of portions of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) within lysosomes or vacuoles. It is part of the self-digestion (i.e., auto-phagic) programs recycling cytoplasmic material and organelles, which rapidly mobilize metabolites in cells confronted with nutrient shortage. Moreover, selective clearance of ER subdomains participates to the control of ER size and activity during ER stress, the re-establishment of ER homeostasis after ER stress resolution and the removal of ER parts, in which aberrant and potentially cytotoxic material has been segregated. ER-phagy relies on the individual and/or concerted activation of the ER-phagy receptors, ER peripheral or integral membrane proteins that share the presence of LC3/Atg8-binding motifs in their cytosolic domains. ER-phagy involves the physical separation of portions of the ER from the bulk ER network, and their delivery to the endolysosomal/vacuolar catabolic district. This last step is accomplished by a variety of mechanisms including macro-ER-phagy (in which ER fragments are sequestered by double-membrane autophagosomes that eventually fuse with lysosomes/vacuoles), micro-ER-phagy (in which ER fragments are directly engulfed by endosomes/lysosomes/vacuoles), or direct fusion of ER-derived vesicles with lysosomes/vacuoles. ER-phagy is dysfunctional in specific human diseases and its regulators are subverted by pathogens, highlighting its crucial role for cell and organism life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulvio Reggiori
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells & Systems, grid.4830.fUniversity of Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Maurizio Molinari
- Protein Folding and Quality Control, grid.7722.0Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona, Switzerland
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23
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Ge P, Gao M, Du J, Yu J, Zhang L. Downregulation of microRNA-512-3p enhances the viability and suppresses the apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells, alleviates autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum stress as well as represses atherosclerotic lesions in atherosclerosis by adjusting spliced/unspliced ratio of X-box binding protein 1 (XBP-1S/XBP-1U). Bioengineered 2021; 12:12469-12481. [PMID: 34783632 PMCID: PMC8810154 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2006862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/29/2022] Open
Abstract
AS is an important pathological basis of cardiovascular disease. It has been reported that miRNAs are involved in almost all steps of AS, including the injury and dysfunction of endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells. This work was designed to elucidate the biological functions of miR-512-3p in the pathological process of AS and probe into the underlying molecular mechanism. In the present work, ox-LDL-treated HUVECs served as the in vitro model of AS and ApoE-/- mice were nourished with a high-fat diet to establish an in vivo model of AS. Proliferation, apoptosis and migration of HUVECs were evaluated by performing CCK-8, TUNEL staining, western blot and transwell assays. Immunofluorescence examined LC3 expression and levels of autophagy-related and ER stress-related proteins were determined by western blot assay. In addition, starBase predicted the complementary binding sites of XBP-1 to miR-512-3p and luciferase reporter assay confirmed the interaction between miR-512-3p and XBP-1. Moreover, H&E staining was employed to evaluate atherosclerotic lesions in AS model mice. Results revealed that ox-LDL treatment decreased the proliferative and migrative activities and promoted the apoptosis of HUVECs as well as induced autophagy and ER stress, which were abrogated by miR-512-3p silencing. Importantly, ox-LDL treatment elevated miR-512-3p expression and XBP-1 was a direct target of miR-512-3p. Mechanistically, knockdown of miR-512-3p enhanced the viability, suppressed the apoptosis and promoted the migration of ox-LDL-treated HUVECs, alleviated atherosclerotic lesions in AS model mice as well as repressed autophagy and ER stress by targeting XBP-1 to manipulate the ratio of XBP-1S/XBP-1U.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, 264000, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingxiao Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, 264000, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Cardiology, Rizhao Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Rizhao, 276800, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingbin Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Zibo Central Hospital, No54 Gongqingtuan West Road, Zibo, 255036, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Zibo Central Hospital, No54 Gongqingtuan West Road, Zibo, 255036, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
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24
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Jehl F, Degalez F, Bernard M, Lecerf F, Lagoutte L, Désert C, Coulée M, Bouchez O, Leroux S, Abasht B, Tixier-Boichard M, Bed'hom B, Burlot T, Gourichon D, Bardou P, Acloque H, Foissac S, Djebali S, Giuffra E, Zerjal T, Pitel F, Klopp C, Lagarrigue S. RNA-Seq Data for Reliable SNP Detection and Genotype Calling: Interest for Coding Variant Characterization and Cis-Regulation Analysis by Allele-Specific Expression in Livestock Species. Front Genet 2021; 12:655707. [PMID: 34262593 PMCID: PMC8273700 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.655707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to their common usages to study gene expression, RNA-seq data accumulated over the last 10 years are a yet-unexploited resource of SNPs in numerous individuals from different populations. SNP detection by RNA-seq is particularly interesting for livestock species since whole genome sequencing is expensive and exome sequencing tools are unavailable. These SNPs detected in expressed regions can be used to characterize variants affecting protein functions, and to study cis-regulated genes by analyzing allele-specific expression (ASE) in the tissue of interest. However, gene expression can be highly variable, and filters for SNP detection using the popular GATK toolkit are not yet standardized, making SNP detection and genotype calling by RNA-seq a challenging endeavor. We compared SNP calling results using GATK suggested filters, on two chicken populations for which both RNA-seq and DNA-seq data were available for the same samples of the same tissue. We showed, in expressed regions, a RNA-seq precision of 91% (SNPs detected by RNA-seq and shared by DNA-seq) and we characterized the remaining 9% of SNPs. We then studied the genotype (GT) obtained by RNA-seq and the impact of two factors (GT call-rate and read number per GT) on the concordance of GT with DNA-seq; we proposed thresholds for them leading to a 95% concordance. Applying these thresholds to 767 multi-tissue RNA-seq of 382 birds of 11 chicken populations, we found 9.5 M SNPs in total, of which ∼550,000 SNPs per tissue and population with a reliable GT (call rate ≥ 50%) and among them, ∼340,000 with a MAF ≥ 10%. We showed that such RNA-seq data from one tissue can be used to (i) detect SNPs with a strong predicted impact on proteins, despite their scarcity in each population (16,307 SIFT deleterious missenses and 590 stop-gained), (ii) study, on a large scale, cis-regulations of gene expression, with ∼81% of protein-coding and 68% of long non-coding genes (TPM ≥ 1) that can be analyzed for ASE, and with ∼29% of them that were cis-regulated, and (iii) analyze population genetic using such SNPs located in expressed regions. This work shows that RNA-seq data can be used with good confidence to detect SNPs and associated GT within various populations and used them for different analyses as GTEx studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Jehl
- INRAE, INSTITUT AGRO, PEGASE UMR 1348, Saint-Gilles, France
| | - Fabien Degalez
- INRAE, INSTITUT AGRO, PEGASE UMR 1348, Saint-Gilles, France
| | - Maria Bernard
- INRAE, SIGENAE, Genotoul Bioinfo MIAT, Castanet-Tolosan, France.,INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, GABI UMR 1313, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | | | | | - Colette Désert
- INRAE, INSTITUT AGRO, PEGASE UMR 1348, Saint-Gilles, France
| | - Manon Coulée
- INRAE, INSTITUT AGRO, PEGASE UMR 1348, Saint-Gilles, France
| | - Olivier Bouchez
- INRAE, US 1426, GeT-PlaGe, Genotoul, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Sophie Leroux
- INRAE, INPT, ENVT, Université de Toulouse, GenPhySE UMR 1388, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Behnam Abasht
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States
| | | | - Bertrand Bed'hom
- INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, GABI UMR 1313, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | | | | | - Philippe Bardou
- INRAE, SIGENAE, Genotoul Bioinfo MIAT, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Hervé Acloque
- INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, GABI UMR 1313, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Sylvain Foissac
- INRAE, INPT, ENVT, Université de Toulouse, GenPhySE UMR 1388, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Sarah Djebali
- INRAE, INPT, ENVT, Université de Toulouse, GenPhySE UMR 1388, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Elisabetta Giuffra
- INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, GABI UMR 1313, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Tatiana Zerjal
- INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, GABI UMR 1313, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Frédérique Pitel
- INRAE, INPT, ENVT, Université de Toulouse, GenPhySE UMR 1388, Castanet-Tolosan, France
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25
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Uzun A, Elçi Atılgan A. Is there a relationship between early pregnancy loss and maternal serum human X-box binding protein 1 level? Med Hypotheses 2020; 146:110451. [PMID: 33341031 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2020.110451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The human X-box binding protein 1 is a transcription factor that is expressed by cellular oxidative stress. We aimed to analyze the relationship between early pregnancy loss and maternal blood X-box binding protein 1 levels. Patients who presented to our Obstetrics and Gynecology clinic between October 2019 and February 2020 were included in this study. Patients were divided into two groups: Group 1 included healthy pregnant women and Group 2 included patients who were diagnosed with missed abortion. First, blood samples were taken from the patients in group 2 when they were diagnosed with missed abortion. While evaluating the patients in group 1, the average gestational weeks of the patients in group 1 were calculated and blood samples were taken between the same weeks. Next, patients with healthy pregnancy in group 1 were followed up prospectively and double screening test were performed at the perinatology outpatient clinic at the end of the 1st trimester, and the blood results of the patients with normal results were evaluated. Blood samples extracted from these patients were centrifuged at -80 °C and stored until analyses. Serum X-box binding protein 1 levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits (Cusabio, Wuhan, China). Eighty-five patients were included in this study: 42 in Group 1 and 43 in Group 2. There was no difference between the groups in terms of age, body mass index, ethnicity, and systemic illness. Serum X-box binding protein 1 levels were significantly higher in Group 2 (129.89 ± 7.58 ng/L) than in Group 1 (119.56 ± 5.99 ng/L) (p < 0.001). Serum X-box binding protein 1 levels higher than the cut-off value of 119.05 ng/L were associated with a higher risk of early pregnancy loss. Serum X-box binding protein 1 levels may be used to predict early pregnancy loss; however, additional comparative studies are required to confirm this result.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asiye Uzun
- İstanbul Medipol Üniversity, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetry and Gynecology, İstanbul, Turkey.
| | - Adeviye Elçi Atılgan
- İstanbul Medipol Üniversity, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetry and Gynecology, İstanbul, Turkey
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26
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Detection of immunogenic cell death and its relevance for cancer therapy. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:1013. [PMID: 33243969 PMCID: PMC7691519 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03221-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 470] [Impact Index Per Article: 117.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy, radiation therapy, as well as targeted anticancer agents can induce clinically relevant tumor-targeting immune responses, which critically rely on the antigenicity of malignant cells and their capacity to generate adjuvant signals. In particular, immunogenic cell death (ICD) is accompanied by the exposure and release of numerous damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), which altogether confer a robust adjuvanticity to dying cancer cells, as they favor the recruitment and activation of antigen-presenting cells. ICD-associated DAMPs include surface-exposed calreticulin (CALR) as well as secreted ATP, annexin A1 (ANXA1), type I interferon, and high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1). Additional hallmarks of ICD encompass the phosphorylation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit-α (EIF2S1, better known as eIF2α), the activation of autophagy, and a global arrest in transcription and translation. Here, we outline methodological approaches for measuring ICD markers in vitro and ex vivo for the discovery of next-generation antineoplastic agents, the development of personalized anticancer regimens, and the identification of optimal therapeutic combinations for the clinical management of cancer.
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