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Chang CC, Liu TC, Lu CJ, Chiu HC, Lin WN. Explainable machine learning model for identifying key gut microbes and metabolites biomarkers associated with myasthenia gravis. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2024; 23:1572-1583. [PMID: 38650589 PMCID: PMC11035017 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2024.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Diagnostic markers for myasthenia gravis (MG) are limited; thus, innovative approaches are required for supportive diagnosis and personalized care. Gut microbes are associated with MG pathogenesis; however, few studies have adopted machine learning (ML) to identify the associations among MG, gut microbiota, and metabolites. In this study, we developed an explainable ML model to predict biomarkers for MG diagnosis. We enrolled 19 MG patients and 10 non-MG individuals. Stool samples were collected and microbiome assessment was performed using 16S rRNA sequencing. Untargeted metabolic profiling was conducted to identify fecal amplicon significant variants (ASVs) and metabolites. We developed an explainable ML model in which the top ASVs and metabolites are combined to identify the best predictive performance. This model uses the SHapley Additive exPlanations method to generate both global and personalized explanations. Fecal microbe-metabolite composition differed significantly between groups. The key bacterial families were Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae, and the top three features were Lachnospiraceae, inosine, and methylhistidine. An ML model trained with the top 1 % ASVs and top 15 % metabolites combined outperformed all other models. Personalized explanations revealed different patterns of microbe-metabolite contributions in patients with MG. The integration of the microbiota-metabolite features and the development of an explainable ML framework can accurately identify MG and provide personalized explanations, revealing the associations between gut microbiota, metabolites, and MG. An online calculator employing this algorithm was developed that provides a streamlined interface for MG diagnosis screening and conducting personalized evaluations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Che-Cheng Chang
- PhD Program in Nutrition and Food Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chi Liu
- Graduate Institute of Business Administration, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Jie Lu
- Graduate Institute of Business Administration, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Artificial Intelligence Development Center, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Information Management, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Hou-Chang Chiu
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, Taipei Medical University, Shuang-Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ning Lin
- PhD Program in Nutrition and Food Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
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Ji G, Zhao J, Si X, Song W. Targeting bacterial metabolites in tumor for cancer therapy: An alternative approach for targeting tumor-associated bacteria. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 211:115345. [PMID: 38834140 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Emerging evidence reveal that tumor-associated bacteria (TAB) can facilitate the initiation and progression of multiple types of cancer. Recent work has emphasized the significant role of intestinal microbiota, particularly bacteria, plays in affecting responses to chemo- and immuno-therapies. Hence, it seems feasible to improve cancer treatment outcomes by targeting intestinal bacteria. While considering variable richness of the intestinal microbiota and diverse components among individuals, direct manipulating the gut microbiota is complicated in clinic. Tumor initiation and progression requires the gut microbiota-derived metabolites to contact and reprogram neoplastic cells. Hence, directly targeting tumor-associated bacteria metabolites may have the potential to provide alternative and innovative strategies to bypass the gut microbiota for cancer therapy. As such, there are great opportunities to explore holistic approaches that incorporates TAB-derived metabolites and related metabolic signals modulation for cancer therapy. In this review, we will focus on key opportunistic areas by targeting TAB-derived metabolites and related metabolic signals, but not bacteria itself, for cancer treatment, and elucidate future challenges that need to be addressed in this emerging field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guofeng Ji
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China; Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Jingjing Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453100, China
| | - Xinghui Si
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China; Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Wantong Song
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China; Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun 130022, China.
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Hu X, Wu W, Zhi S, Xu W, Zhang Y, Li L, Tao Y, Duan G, Liao C, Wang L, Li L, Li Z, Li W. The first diagnosis of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome caused by tick-borne Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome virus in Chongqing, China: A case report and literature review. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2024; 109:116350. [PMID: 38761614 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome (SFTS) is a tick-borne disease caused by the SFTS virus (SFTSV) which has the potential to become a pandemic and is currently a major public health concern. CASE PRESENTATION We present the case of a 74-year-old female from an urban area of Chongqing, with leukocytopenia, thrombocytopenia, organ function, inflammatory, blood coagulation, and immune abnormalities. SFTSV infection was confirmed through molecular detection and metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) analysis, indicating a diagnosis of SFTS due to the patient's history of tick bites. The patient received symptomatic and supportive therapy, including antibiotics, antiviral treatment, and antifungal therapy, and finally discharged from the hospital on day 18. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the need for increased awareness, early diagnosis, and prompt treatment for tick-borne SFTS. It also provides a comprehensive understanding of the disease's characteristics, pathogenesis, detection methods, and available treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiefei Hu
- Medicine School of Chongqing University, Chongqing, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, School of Medicine, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing 404100, China
| | - Wenyan Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, School of Medicine, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing 404100, China
| | - Shenshen Zhi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, School of Medicine, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing 404100, China
| | - Wenjuan Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, School of Medicine, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing 404100, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, School of Medicine, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing 404100, China
| | - Lijuan Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, School of Medicine, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing 404100, China
| | - Yang Tao
- Intensive Care Unit, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, School of Medicine, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Gang Duan
- Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Microbiological Testing Institute, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Chunyan Liao
- Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Microbiological Testing Institute, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Microbiological Testing Institute, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Lingyi Li
- Department of Medical, Hangzhou Matridx Biotechnology Co., Ltd., No.2073 Jinchang road, Yuhang District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhifeng Li
- Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Microbiological Testing Institute, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, School of Medicine, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing 404100, China.
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4
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Intarajak T, Udomchaiprasertkul W, Khoiri AN, Sutheeworapong S, Kusonmano K, Kittichotirat W, Thammarongtham C, Cheevadhanarak S. Distinct gut microbiomes in Thai patients with colorectal polyps. World J Gastroenterol 2024; 30:3336-3355. [DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i27.3336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal polyps that develop via the conventional adenoma-carcinoma sequence [e.g., tubular adenoma (TA)] often progress to malignancy and are closely associated with changes in the composition of the gut microbiome. There is limited research concerning the microbial functions and gut microbiomes associated with colorectal polyps that arise through the serrated polyp pathway, such as hyperplastic polyps (HP). Exploration of microbiome alterations associated with HP and TA would improve the understanding of mechanisms by which specific microbes and their metabolic pathways contribute to colorectal carcinogenesis.
AIM To investigate gut microbiome signatures, microbial associations, and microbial functions in HP and TA patients.
METHODS Full-length 16S rRNA sequencing was used to characterize the gut microbiome in stool samples from control participants without polyps [control group (CT), n = 40], patients with HP (n = 52), and patients with TA (n = 60). Significant differences in gut microbiome composition and functional mechanisms were identified between the CT group and patients with HP or TA. Analytical techniques in this study included differential abundance analysis, co-occurrence network analysis, and differential pathway analysis.
RESULTS Colorectal cancer (CRC)-associated bacteria, including Streptococcus gallolyticus (S. gallolyticus), Bacteroides fragilis, and Clostridium symbiosum, were identified as characteristic microbial species in TA patients. Mediterraneibacter gnavus, associated with dysbiosis and gastrointestinal diseases, was significantly differentially abundant in the HP and TA groups. Functional pathway analysis revealed that HP patients exhibited enrichment in the sulfur oxidation pathway exclusively, whereas TA patients showed dominance in pathways related to secondary metabolite biosynthesis (e.g., mevalonate); S. gallolyticus was a major contributor. Co-occurrence network and dynamic network analyses revealed co-occurrence of dysbiosis-associated bacteria in HP patients, whereas TA patients exhibited co-occurrence of CRC-associated bacteria. Furthermore, the co-occurrence of SCFA-producing bacteria was lower in TA patients than HP patients.
CONCLUSION This study revealed distinct gut microbiome signatures associated with pathways of colorectal polyp development, providing insights concerning the roles of microbial species, functional pathways, and microbial interactions in colorectal carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thoranin Intarajak
- Bioinformatics Unit, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Lak Si 10210, Bangkok, Thailand
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Program, School of Bioresources and Technology, and School of Information Technology, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bang Khun Thian 10150, Bangkok, Thailand
- Systems Biology and Bioinformatics Unit, Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bang Khun Thian 10150, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Ahmad Nuruddin Khoiri
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Program, School of Bioresources and Technology, and School of Information Technology, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bang Khun Thian 10150, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sawannee Sutheeworapong
- Systems Biology and Bioinformatics Unit, Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bang Khun Thian 10150, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kanthida Kusonmano
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Program, School of Bioresources and Technology, and School of Information Technology, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bang Khun Thian 10150, Bangkok, Thailand
- Systems Biology and Bioinformatics Unit, Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bang Khun Thian 10150, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Weerayuth Kittichotirat
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Program, School of Bioresources and Technology, and School of Information Technology, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bang Khun Thian 10150, Bangkok, Thailand
- Systems Biology and Bioinformatics Unit, Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bang Khun Thian 10150, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chinae Thammarongtham
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bang Khun Thian 10150, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Supapon Cheevadhanarak
- Systems Biology and Bioinformatics Unit, Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bang Khun Thian 10150, Bangkok, Thailand
- School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bank Khun Thian 10150, Bangkok, Thailand
- Fungal Biotechnology Unit, Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bang Khun Thian 10150, Bangkok, Thailand
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Salim F, Mizutani S, Shiba S, Takamaru H, Yamada M, Nakajima T, Yachida T, Soga T, Saito Y, Fukuda S, Yachida S, Yamada T. Fusobacterium species are distinctly associated with patients with Lynch syndrome colorectal cancer. iScience 2024; 27:110181. [PMID: 38993678 PMCID: PMC11237946 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence demonstrates clear correlation between the gut microbiota and sporadic colorectal cancer (CRC). Despite this, there is limited understanding of the association between the gut microbiota and CRC in Lynch Syndrome (LS), a hereditary type of CRC. Here, we analyzed fecal shotgun metagenomic and targeted metabolomic of 71 Japanese LS subjects. A previously published Japanese sporadic CRC cohort, which includes non-LS controls, was utilized as a non-LS cohort (n = 437). LS subjects exhibited reduced microbial diversity and low-Faecalibacterium enterotypes compared to non-LS. Patients with LS-CRC had higher levels of Fusobacterium nucleatum and fap2. Differential fecal metabolites and functional genes suggest heightened degradation of lysine and arginine in LS-CRC. A comparison between LS and non-LS subjects prior to adenoma formation revealed distinct fecal metabolites of LS subjects. These findings suggest that the gut microbiota plays a more responsive role in CRC tumorigenesis in patients with LS than those without LS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Salim
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Sayaka Mizutani
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
- Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Shiba
- Division of Cancer Genomics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Takamaru
- Endoscopy Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, Chuo-ku 104-0045, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Yamada
- Endoscopy Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, Chuo-ku 104-0045, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nakajima
- Endoscopy Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, Chuo-ku 104-0045, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Yachida
- Department of Gastroenterology & Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
| | - Tomoyoshi Soga
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Yamagata 997-0052, Japan
| | - Yutaka Saito
- Endoscopy Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, Chuo-ku 104-0045, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinji Fukuda
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Yamagata 997-0052, Japan
- Gut Environmental Design Group, Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-0821, Japan
- Transborder Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
- Laboratory for Regenerative Microbiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
- Metagen, Inc., Tsuruoka, Yamagata 997-0052, Japan
- Metagen Theurapeutics, Inc., Tsuruoka, Yamagata 997-0052, Japan
| | - Shinichi Yachida
- Department of Cancer Genome Informatics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (OTRI), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takuji Yamada
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
- Metagen, Inc., Tsuruoka, Yamagata 997-0052, Japan
- Metagen Theurapeutics, Inc., Tsuruoka, Yamagata 997-0052, Japan
- digzyme, Inc., Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-0004, Japan
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Güven Gülhan Ü, Nikerel E, Çakır T, Erdoğan Sevilgen F, Durmuş S. Species-level identification of enterotype-specific microbial markers for colorectal cancer and adenoma. Mol Omics 2024; 20:397-416. [PMID: 38780313 DOI: 10.1039/d4mo00016a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Enterotypes have been shown to be an important factor for population stratification based on gut microbiota composition, leading to a better understanding of human health and disease states. Classifications based on compositional patterns will have implications for personalized microbiota-based solutions. There have been limited enterotype based studies on colorectal adenoma and cancer. Here, an enterotype-based meta-analysis of fecal shotgun metagenomic studies was performed, including 1579 samples of healthy controls (CTR), colorectal adenoma (ADN) and colorectal cancer (CRC) in total. Gut microbiota of healthy people were clustered into three enterotypes (Ruminococcus-, Bacteroides- and Prevotella-dominated enterotypes). Reference-based enterotype assignments were performed for CRC and ADN samples, using the supervised machine learning algorithm, K-nearest neighbors. Differential abundance analyses and random forest classification were conducted on each enterotype between healthy controls and CRC-ADN groups, revealing novel enterotype-specific microbial markers for non-invasive CRC screening strategies. Furthermore, we identified microbial species unique to each enterotype that play a role in the production of secondary bile acids and short-chain fatty acids, unveiling the correlation between cancer-associated gut microbes and dietary patterns. The enterotype-based approach in this study is promising in elucidating the mechanisms of differential gut microbiome profiles, thereby improving the efficacy of personalized microbiota-based solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ünzile Güven Gülhan
- Department of Bioengineering, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, TR 41400, Turkey.
| | - Emrah Nikerel
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, TR 34755, Turkey
| | - Tunahan Çakır
- Department of Bioengineering, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, TR 41400, Turkey.
- PhiTech Bioinformatics, Gebze, TR 41470, Turkey
| | - Fatih Erdoğan Sevilgen
- The Institute for Data Science & Artificial Intelligence, Boğaziçi University, Istanbul, TR 34342, Turkey
- PhiTech Bioinformatics, Gebze, TR 41470, Turkey
| | - Saliha Durmuş
- Department of Bioengineering, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, TR 41400, Turkey.
- PhiTech Bioinformatics, Gebze, TR 41470, Turkey
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Vitale S, Calapà F, Colonna F, Luongo F, Biffoni M, De Maria R, Fiori ME. Advancements in 3D In Vitro Models for Colorectal Cancer. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2405084. [PMID: 38962943 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202405084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
The process of drug discovery and pre-clinical testing is currently inefficient, expensive, and time-consuming. Most importantly, the success rate is unsatisfactory, as only a small percentage of tested drugs are made available to oncological patients. This is largely due to the lack of reliable models that accurately predict drug efficacy and safety. Even animal models often fail to replicate human-specific pathologies and human body's complexity. These factors, along with ethical concerns regarding animal use, urge the development of suitable human-relevant, translational in vitro models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Vitale
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine (OMM), Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, Rome, 00161, Italy
| | - Federica Calapà
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Colonna
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine (OMM), Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, Rome, 00161, Italy
| | - Francesca Luongo
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Biffoni
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine (OMM), Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, Rome, 00161, Italy
| | - Ruggero De Maria
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" - IRCCS, Largo F. Vito 1, Rome, Italy
| | - Micol E Fiori
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine (OMM), Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, Rome, 00161, Italy
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Dong Y, Chen WH, Zhao XM. VirRep: a hybrid language representation learning framework for identifying viruses from human gut metagenomes. Genome Biol 2024; 25:177. [PMID: 38965579 PMCID: PMC11229495 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-024-03320-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Identifying viruses from metagenomes is a common step to explore the virus composition in the human gut. Here, we introduce VirRep, a hybrid language representation learning framework, for identifying viruses from human gut metagenomes. VirRep combines a context-aware encoder and an evolution-aware encoder to improve sequence representation by incorporating k-mer patterns and sequence homologies. Benchmarking on both simulated and real datasets with varying viral proportions demonstrates that VirRep outperforms state-of-the-art methods. When applied to fecal metagenomes from a colorectal cancer cohort, VirRep identifies 39 high-quality viral species associated with the disease, many of which cannot be detected by existing methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqi Dong
- Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital and Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Wei-Hua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Molecular Imaging, Center for Artificial Intelligence Biology, Department of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
- Institution of Medical Artificial Intelligence, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China.
| | - Xing-Ming Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital and Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- MOE Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Bai X, Duan Z, Deng J, Zhang Z, Fu R, Zhu C, Fan D. Ginsenoside Rh4 inhibits colorectal cancer via the modulation of gut microbiota-mediated bile acid metabolism. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00265-0. [PMID: 38969093 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is emerging as a pivotal factor in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC). Ginsenoside Rh4 (Rh4) is an active compound isolated from ginseng with beneficial effects in modulating intestinal inflammation and gut microbiota dysbiosis, but how Rh4 regulates the gut microbiota to alleviate CRC remains underexplored. OBJECTIVES We investigated the impact of Rh4 on CRC and the mechanism of its action in inhibiting CRC via modulation of gut microbiota. METHODS We used the AOM/DSS model and employed transcriptomics, genomics and metabolomics techniques to explore the inhibitory impact of Rh4 on CRC. Furthermore, we employed experiments involving antibiotic treatment and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) to investigate the role of the gut microbiota. Finally, we elucidated the pivotal role of key functional bacteria and metabolites regulated by Rh4 in CRC. RESULTS Our research findings indicated that Rh4 repaired intestinal barrier damage caused by CRC, alleviated intestinal inflammation, and inhibited the development of CRC. Additionally, Rh4 inhibited CRC in a gut microbiota-dependent manner. Rh4 increased the diversity of gut microbiota, enriched the probiotic Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila), and alleviated gut microbiota dysbiosis caused by CRC. Subsequently, Rh4 regulated A. muciniphila-mediated bile acid metabolism. A. muciniphila promoted the production of UDCA by enhancing the activity of 7α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (7α-HSDH). UDCA further activated FXR, modulated the TLR4-NF-κB signaling pathway, thus inhibiting the development of CRC. CONCLUSION Our results confirm that Rh4 inhibits CRC in a gut microbiota-dependent manner by modulating gut microbiota-mediated bile acid metabolism and promoting the production of UDCA, which further activates the FXR receptor and regulates the TLR4-NF-κB signaling pathway. Our results confirm that Rh4 has the potential to be used as a modulator of gut microbiota for preventing and treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Bai
- Engineering Research Center of Western Resource Innovation Medicine Green Manufacturing, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China; Biotech. & Biomed. Research Institute, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Zhiguang Duan
- Engineering Research Center of Western Resource Innovation Medicine Green Manufacturing, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China; Biotech. & Biomed. Research Institute, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Jianjun Deng
- Engineering Research Center of Western Resource Innovation Medicine Green Manufacturing, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China; Biotech. & Biomed. Research Institute, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- Plastic and Cosmetic Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, China
| | - Rongzhan Fu
- Engineering Research Center of Western Resource Innovation Medicine Green Manufacturing, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China; Biotech. & Biomed. Research Institute, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China.
| | - Chenhui Zhu
- Engineering Research Center of Western Resource Innovation Medicine Green Manufacturing, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China; Biotech. & Biomed. Research Institute, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China.
| | - Daidi Fan
- Engineering Research Center of Western Resource Innovation Medicine Green Manufacturing, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China; Biotech. & Biomed. Research Institute, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China.
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10
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Li Y, Qiao X, Feng Y, Zhou R, Zhang K, Pan Y, Yan T, Yan L, Yang S, Wei X, Li P, Xu C, Lv Z, Tian Z. Characterization of the gut microbiota and fecal metabolome in the osteosarcoma mouse model. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:205951. [PMID: 38967635 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Previous studies have reported the correlation between gut microbiota (GM), GM-derived metabolites, and various intestinal and extra-intestinal cancers. However, limited studies have investigated the correlation between GM, GM-derived metabolites, and osteosarcoma (OS). This study successfully established a female BALB/c nude mouse model of OS. Mice (n = 14) were divided into the following two groups (n = 7/group): OS group named OG, injected with Saos-2 OS cells; normal control group named NCG, injected with Matrigel. The GM composition and metabolites were characterized using 16S rDNA sequencing and untargeted metabolomics, respectively. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that amino acid metabolism was dysregulated in OS. The abundances of bone metabolism-related genera Alloprevotella, Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group, and Muribaculum were correlated with amino acid metabolism, especially histidine metabolism. These findings suggest the correlation between GM, GM-derived metabolites, and OS pathogenesis. Clinical significance: The currently used standard therapeutic strategies for OS, including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation, are not efficacious. The findings of this study provided novel insights for developing therapeutic, diagnostic, and prognostic strategies for OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Li
- Second Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, P.R. China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, P.R. China
| | - Xiaochen Qiao
- Second Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, P.R. China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, P.R. China
| | - Yi Feng
- Second Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, P.R. China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, P.R. China
| | - Ruhao Zhou
- Second Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, P.R. China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, P.R. China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Second Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, P.R. China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, P.R. China
| | - Yongchun Pan
- Department of Orthopedics, Third People's Hospital of Datong City, Datong 037006, Shanxi, P.R. China
| | - Ting Yan
- Translational Medicine Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, P.R. China
| | - Lei Yan
- Second Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, P.R. China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, P.R. China
| | - Sen Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second People's Hospital of Changzhi, Changzhi 046000, Shanxi, P.R. China
| | - Xiaochun Wei
- Second Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, P.R. China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, P.R. China
| | - Pengcui Li
- Second Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, P.R. China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, P.R. China
| | - Chaojian Xu
- Second Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, P.R. China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, P.R. China
| | - Zhi Lv
- Second Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, P.R. China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, P.R. China
| | - Zhi Tian
- Second Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, P.R. China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, P.R. China
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11
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Wang Q, Guo F, Zhang Q, Hu T, Jin Y, Yang Y, Ma Y. Organoids in gastrointestinal diseases: from bench to clinic. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e574. [PMID: 38948115 PMCID: PMC11214594 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The etiology of gastrointestinal (GI) diseases is intricate and multifactorial, encompassing complex interactions between genetic predisposition and gut microbiota. The cell fate change, immune function regulation, and microenvironment composition in diseased tissues are governed by microorganisms and mutated genes either independently or through synergistic interactions. A comprehensive understanding of GI disease etiology is imperative for developing precise prevention and treatment strategies. However, the existing models used for studying the microenvironment in GI diseases-whether cancer cell lines or mouse models-exhibit significant limitations, which leads to the prosperity of organoids models. This review first describes the development history of organoids models, followed by a detailed demonstration of organoids application from bench to clinic. As for bench utilization, we present a layer-by-layer elucidation of organoid simulation on host-microbial interactions, as well as the application in molecular mechanism analysis. As for clinical adhibition, we provide a generalized interpretation of organoid application in GI disease simulation from inflammatory disorders to malignancy diseases, as well as in GI disease treatment including drug screening, immunotherapy, and microbial-targeting and screening treatment. This review draws a comprehensive and systematical depiction of organoids models, providing a novel insight into the utilization of organoids models from bench to clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinying Wang
- Department of Colorectal SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Department of Cancer InstituteFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Fanying Guo
- Department of Colorectal SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Qinyuan Zhang
- Department of Colorectal SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - TingTing Hu
- Department of Colorectal SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - YuTao Jin
- Department of Colorectal SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yongzhi Yang
- Department of Colorectal SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yanlei Ma
- Department of Colorectal SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
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12
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Peng X, Fan H, Liu J, Jiang X, Liu C, Yang Y, Zhai S. Embryo injected with Ochratoxin A induced jejunum injury in ducklings by activating the TLR4 signaling pathway: Involvement of intestinal microbiota. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 281:116666. [PMID: 38945100 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a common mycotoxin that causes intestinal injury in humans and various animal species. OTA may lead to intestinal injury in offspring due to the maternal effect. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism of embryo injected with OTA induced jejunum injury in ducklings. The results showed that OTA disrupted the jejunum tight junctions in hatching ducklings, and promoted the secretion of inflammatory cytokines. And this inflammatory response was caused by the activation of the TLR4 signaling pathway. Moreover, embryo injected with OTA could cause damage to the intestinal barrier in 21-day-old ducks, characterized by shortened villi, crypt hyperplasia, disrupted intestinal tight junctions, increased level of LPS in the jejunum, activation of the TLR4 signaling pathway, and increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Meanwhile, OTA induced oxidative stress in the jejunum. And dysbiosis of gut microbiota was mainly characterized by an increased the relative abundance of Bacteroides, Megamonas, Fournierella, and decreased the relative abundance of Alistipes and Weissella. Interestingly, embryo injected with OTA did not induce these changes in the jejunum of antibiotics-treated 21-day-old ducks. In conclusion, embryo injected with OTA induced jejunum injury in ducklings by activating the TLR4 signaling pathway, which involvement of intestinal microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Peng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, China
| | - Hailu Fan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, China
| | - Jinhui Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, China
| | - Xiayu Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, China
| | - Cheng Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, China
| | - Ye Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, China
| | - Shuangshuang Zhai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, China.
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13
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Kundu P, Beura S, Mondal S, Das AK, Ghosh A. Machine learning for the advancement of genome-scale metabolic modeling. Biotechnol Adv 2024; 74:108400. [PMID: 38944218 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2024.108400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
Constraint-based modeling (CBM) has evolved as the core systems biology tool to map the interrelations between genotype, phenotype, and external environment. The recent advancement of high-throughput experimental approaches and multi-omics strategies has generated a plethora of new and precise information from wide-ranging biological domains. On the other hand, the continuously growing field of machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch of deep learning (DL) provide essential computational architectures for decoding complex and heterogeneous biological data. In recent years, both multi-omics and ML have assisted in the escalation of CBM. Condition-specific omics data, such as transcriptomics and proteomics, helped contextualize the model prediction while analyzing a particular phenotypic signature. At the same time, the advanced ML tools have eased the model reconstruction and analysis to increase the accuracy and prediction power. However, the development of these multi-disciplinary methodological frameworks mainly occurs independently, which limits the concatenation of biological knowledge from different domains. Hence, we have reviewed the potential of integrating multi-disciplinary tools and strategies from various fields, such as synthetic biology, CBM, omics, and ML, to explore the biochemical phenomenon beyond the conventional biological dogma. How the integrative knowledge of these intersected domains has improved bioengineering and biomedical applications has also been highlighted. We categorically explained the conventional genome-scale metabolic model (GEM) reconstruction tools and their improvement strategies through ML paradigms. Further, the crucial role of ML and DL in omics data restructuring for GEM development has also been briefly discussed. Finally, the case-study-based assessment of the state-of-the-art method for improving biomedical and metabolic engineering strategies has been elaborated. Therefore, this review demonstrates how integrating experimental and in silico strategies can help map the ever-expanding knowledge of biological systems driven by condition-specific cellular information. This multiview approach will elevate the application of ML-based CBM in the biomedical and bioengineering fields for the betterment of society and the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pritam Kundu
- School School of Energy Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - Satyajit Beura
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - Suman Mondal
- P.K. Sinha Centre for Bioenergy and Renewables, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - Amit Kumar Das
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - Amit Ghosh
- School School of Energy Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India; P.K. Sinha Centre for Bioenergy and Renewables, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India.
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14
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Shi J, Shen H, Huang H, Zhan L, Chen W, Zhou Z, Lv Y, Xiong K, Jiang Z, Chen Q, Liu L. Gut microbiota characteristics of colorectal cancer patients in Hubei, China, and differences with cohorts from other Chinese regions. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1395514. [PMID: 38962132 PMCID: PMC11220721 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1395514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The research on the correlation or causality between gut microbiota and the occurrence, development, and treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC) is receiving increasing emphasis. At the same time, the incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer vary among individuals and regions, as does the gut microbiota. In order to gain a better understanding of the characteristics of the gut microbiota in CRC patients and the differences between different regions, we initially compared the gut microbiota of 25 CRC patients and 26 healthy controls in the central region of China (Hubei Province) using 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology. The results showed that Corynebacterium, Enterococcus, Lactobacillus, and Escherichia-Shigella were significantly enriched in CRC patients. In addition, we also compared the potential differences in functional pathways between the CRC group and the healthy control group using PICRUSt's functional prediction analysis. We then analyzed and compared it with five cohort studies from various regions of China, including Central, East, and Northeast China. We found that geographical factors may affect the composition of intestinal microbiota in CRC patients. The composition of intestinal microbiota is crucial information that influences colorectal cancer screening, early detection, and the prediction of CRC treatment outcomes. This emphasizes the importance of conducting research on CRC-related gut microbiota in various regions of China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Shi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Intestinal Microenvironment Treatment Center, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hexiao Shen
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Intestinal Microenvironment Treatment Center, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lifang Zhan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Intestinal Microenvironment Treatment Center, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Intestinal Microenvironment Treatment Center, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhuohui Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Intestinal Microenvironment Treatment Center, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yongling Lv
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Intestinal Microenvironment Treatment Center, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Kai Xiong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Intestinal Microenvironment Treatment Center, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhiwei Jiang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Intestinal Microenvironment Treatment Center, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qiyi Chen
- Department of Colorectal Disease, Intestinal Microenvironment Treatment Center, Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Intestinal Microenvironment Treatment Center, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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15
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Zhang S, Xiao X, Yi Y, Wang X, Zhu L, Shen Y, Lin D, Wu C. Tumor initiation and early tumorigenesis: molecular mechanisms and interventional targets. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:149. [PMID: 38890350 PMCID: PMC11189549 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01848-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumorigenesis is a multistep process, with oncogenic mutations in a normal cell conferring clonal advantage as the initial event. However, despite pervasive somatic mutations and clonal expansion in normal tissues, their transformation into cancer remains a rare event, indicating the presence of additional driver events for progression to an irreversible, highly heterogeneous, and invasive lesion. Recently, researchers are emphasizing the mechanisms of environmental tumor risk factors and epigenetic alterations that are profoundly influencing early clonal expansion and malignant evolution, independently of inducing mutations. Additionally, clonal evolution in tumorigenesis reflects a multifaceted interplay between cell-intrinsic identities and various cell-extrinsic factors that exert selective pressures to either restrain uncontrolled proliferation or allow specific clones to progress into tumors. However, the mechanisms by which driver events induce both intrinsic cellular competency and remodel environmental stress to facilitate malignant transformation are not fully understood. In this review, we summarize the genetic, epigenetic, and external driver events, and their effects on the co-evolution of the transformed cells and their ecosystem during tumor initiation and early malignant evolution. A deeper understanding of the earliest molecular events holds promise for translational applications, predicting individuals at high-risk of tumor and developing strategies to intercept malignant transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaosen Zhang
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Genomic Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyi Xiao
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Genomic Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China
| | - Yonglin Yi
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Genomic Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Genomic Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China
| | - Lingxuan Zhu
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Genomic Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China
- Changping Laboratory, 100021, Beijing, China
| | - Yanrong Shen
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Genomic Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China
| | - Dongxin Lin
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Genomic Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China.
- Changping Laboratory, 100021, Beijing, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
| | - Chen Wu
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Genomic Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China.
- Changping Laboratory, 100021, Beijing, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
- CAMS Oxford Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100006, Beijing, China.
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16
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Wang S, Jiang Y, Che L, Wang RH, Li SC. Enhancing insights into diseases through horizontal gene transfer event detection from gut microbiome. Nucleic Acids Res 2024:gkae515. [PMID: 38884260 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkae515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) phenomena pervade the gut microbiome and significantly impact human health. Yet, no current method can accurately identify complete HGT events, including the transferred sequence and the associated deletion and insertion breakpoints from shotgun metagenomic data. Here, we develop LocalHGT, which facilitates the reliable and swift detection of complete HGT events from shotgun metagenomic data, delivering an accuracy of 99.4%-verified by Nanopore data-across 200 gut microbiome samples, and achieving an average F1 score of 0.99 on 100 simulated data. LocalHGT enables a systematic characterization of HGT events within the human gut microbiome across 2098 samples, revealing that multiple recipient genome sites can become targets of a transferred sequence, microhomology is enriched in HGT breakpoint junctions (P-value = 3.3e-58), and HGTs can function as host-specific fingerprints indicated by the significantly higher HGT similarity of intra-personal temporal samples than inter-personal samples (P-value = 4.3e-303). Crucially, HGTs showed potential contributions to colorectal cancer (CRC) and acute diarrhoea, as evidenced by the enrichment of the butyrate metabolism pathway (P-value = 3.8e-17) and the shigellosis pathway (P-value = 5.9e-13) in the respective associated HGTs. Furthermore, differential HGTs demonstrated promise as biomarkers for predicting various diseases. Integrating HGTs into a CRC prediction model achieved an AUC of 0.87.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Wang
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Yiqi Jiang
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Lijia Che
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Ruo Han Wang
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Shuai Cheng Li
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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17
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Guo X, Wang R, Chen R, Zhang Z, Wang J, Liu X. Gut microbiota and serum metabolite signatures along the colorectal adenoma-carcinoma sequence: Implications for early detection and intervention. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 560:119732. [PMID: 38772522 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2024.119732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
AIM Our study focuses on the microbial and metabolomic profile changes during the adenoma stage, as adenomas can be considered potential precursors to colorectal cancer through the adenoma-carcinoma sequence. Identifying possible intervention targets at this stage may aid in preventing the progression of colorectal adenoma (CRA) to malignant lesions. Furthermore, we evaluate the efficacy of combined microbial and metabolite biomarkers in detecting CRA. METHODS Fecal metagenomic and serum metabolomic analyses were performed for the discovery of alterations of gut microbiome and metabolites in CRA patients (n = 26), Colorectal cancer (CRC) patients (n = 19), Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP) patients (n = 10), and healthy controls (n = 20). Finally, analyzing the associations between gut microbes and metabolites was performed by a Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve. RESULTS Our analysis present that CRA patients differ significantly in gut microflora and serum metabolites compared with healthy controls, especially for Lachnospiraceae and Parasutterella. Its main metabolite, butyric acid, concentrations were raised in CRA patients compared with the healthy controls, indicating its role as a promoter of colorectal tumorigenesis. α-Linolenic acid and lysophosphatidylcholine represented the other healthy metabolite for CRA. Combining five microbial and five metabolite biomarkers, we differentiated CRA from CRC with an Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 0.85 out of this performance vastly superior to the specificity recorded by traditional markers CEA and CA199 in such differentiation of these conditions. CONCLUSIONS The study underlines significant microbial and metabolic alterations in CRA with a novel insight into screening and early intervention of its tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Guo
- Department of Oncology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, ShangHai 200437, China.
| | - Ruoyao Wang
- Department of Oncology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, ShangHai 200437, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Oncology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, ShangHai 200437, China
| | - Zhongxiao Zhang
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.1111, XianXia Road, Shanghai 200336, China.
| | - Jingxia Wang
- Department of Oncology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, ShangHai 200437, China
| | - Xuan Liu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
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18
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Li J, Li Y, Zhao J, Li L, Wang Y, Chen F, Li Y, Cheng R, He F, Ze X, Shen X. Effects of Bifidobacterium breve 207-1 on regulating lifestyle behaviors and mental wellness in healthy adults based on the microbiome-gut-brain axis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Eur J Nutr 2024:10.1007/s00394-024-03447-2. [PMID: 38869657 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-024-03447-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Our study aimed to explore the efficacy of Bifidobacterium breve 207-1 on specific neurotransmitters and hormones and the ability to regulate lifestyle behaviors in healthy adults. METHODS In total, 120 healthy adults with high mental stress, overweight, insomnia, and constipation were randomly assigned to receive low-dose B. breve 207-1 (LD, n = 40), high-dose B. breve 207-1 (HD, n = 40), or placebo (n = 40) for 28 days. Fecal and blood samples were collected and questionnaires were answered before and after the trial. Neurotransmitters and serum hormones were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The gut microbiota composition was assessed using 16 S rRNA sequencing. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) concentrations were determined via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). RESULTS The primary outcome of our study was changes in mental wellness, including neurotransmitters, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrena (HPA) axis hormones, and the psychological scales. The results showed that γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) increased significantly and the HPA axis hormones were suppressed overall in the probiotic groups while 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) did not change significantly. However, there was no significant change in mood scale scores. The secondary outcome focused on the ability of 207-1 to regulate the body and lifestyle of healthy adults (e.g., sleep, diet, exercise, etc.). The PSQI scores in the probiotics groups significantly decreased, indicating improved sleep quality. Meanwhile, the probiotic groups had a slight increase in exercise consumption while dietary intake stabilized. By physical examination, the participants showed weight loss although no statistically significant difference was observed between the groups. Then, validated by gut microbiota, changes in the gut microbiota were observed under the effective intervention of 207-1 while short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) increased in the LD group, particularly acetic and propionic acids. There was a slight decrease in alpha-diversity in the HD group. CONCLUSION Bifidobacterium breve 207-1 entered the organism and affected neurotransmitter and the HPA axis hormone levels via the microbiome-gut-brain axis. Meanwhile, 207-1 supplementation improved daily lifestyle behaviors in healthy adults, which may in turn lead to changes in their bodies (e.g. weight and lipid metabolism). However, this study did not find significant mood-modulating efficacy. The mechanism of the overall study is unclear, but we hypothesize that SCFAs may be the key pathway, and more experiments are needed for validation in the future. TRIAL REGISTRATION This trial was retrospectively registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry under the accession number ChiCTR2300069453 on March 16, 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxing Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 16, 3rd Section, South Renmin Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yapeng Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 16, 3rd Section, South Renmin Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jincheng Zhao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 16, 3rd Section, South Renmin Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Liang Li
- BYHEALTH Institute of Nutrition & Health, No. 3 Kehui 3rd Street, No. 99 Kexue Avenue Central, Science City, Huangpu District, Guangzhou, 510663, China
| | - Yunyi Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 16, 3rd Section, South Renmin Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Fei Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 16, 3rd Section, South Renmin Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuchen Li
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610044, Sichuan, China
| | - Ruyue Cheng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 16, 3rd Section, South Renmin Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Fang He
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 16, 3rd Section, South Renmin Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaolei Ze
- BYHEALTH Institute of Nutrition & Health, No. 3 Kehui 3rd Street, No. 99 Kexue Avenue Central, Science City, Huangpu District, Guangzhou, 510663, China.
| | - Xi Shen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 16, 3rd Section, South Renmin Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
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Rodríguez-Santiago Y, Garay-Canales CA, Nava-Castro KE, Morales-Montor J. Sexual dimorphism in colorectal cancer: molecular mechanisms and treatment strategies. Biol Sex Differ 2024; 15:48. [PMID: 38867310 PMCID: PMC11170921 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-024-00623-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sexual dimorphism significantly influences cancer incidence and prognosis. Notably, females exhibit a lower risk and favorable prognosis for non-reproductive cancers compared to males, a pattern observable beyond the scope of risk behaviors such as alcohol consumption and smoking. Colorectal cancer, ranking third in global prevalence and second in mortality, disproportionately affects men. Sex steroid hormones, particularly estrogens and androgens, play crucial roles in cancer progression, considering epidemiological in vivo and in vitro, in general estrogens imparting a protective effect in females and androgens correlating with an increasing risk of colorectal cancer development. MAIN BODY The hormonal impact on immune response is mediated by receptor interactions, resulting in heightened inflammation, modulation of NF-kB, and fostering an environment conducive to cancer progression and metastasis. These molecules also influence the enteric nervous system, that is a pivotal in neuromodulator release and intestinal neuron stimulation, also contributes to cancer development, as evidenced by nerve infiltration into tumors. Microbiota diversity further intersects with immune, hormonal, and neural mechanisms, influencing colorectal cancer dynamics. A comprehensive understanding of hormonal influences on colorectal cancer progression, coupled with the complex interplay between immune responses, microbiota diversity and neurotransmitter imbalances, underpins the development of more targeted and effective therapies. CONCLUSIONS Estrogens mitigate colorectal cancer risk by modulating anti-tumor immune responses, enhancing microbial diversity, and curbing the pro-tumor actions of the sympathetic and enteric nervous systems. Conversely, androgens escalate tumor growth by dampening anti-tumor immune activity, reducing microbial diversity, and facilitating the release of tumor-promoting factors by the nervous system. These findings hold significant potential for the strategic purposing of drugs to fine-tune the extensive impacts of sex hormones within the tumor microenvironment, promising advancements in colorectal cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yair Rodríguez-Santiago
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, Mexico City, 04510, México
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Edificio D, 1er piso, Circuito de Posgrados, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México, 04510, México
| | - Claudia Angelica Garay-Canales
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, Mexico City, 04510, México
| | - Karen Elizabeth Nava-Castro
- Grupo de Biología y Química Atmosféricas, Instituto de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y Cambio Climático, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, CDMX, 04510, México
| | - Jorge Morales-Montor
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, Mexico City, 04510, México.
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20
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Yan Q, Li S, Yan Q, Huo X, Wang C, Wang X, Sun Y, Zhao W, Yu Z, Zhang Y, Guo R, Lv Q, He X, Yao C, Li Z, Chen F, Ji Q, Zhang A, Jin H, Wang G, Feng X, Feng L, Wu F, Ning J, Deng S, An Y, Guo DA, Martin FM, Ma X. A genomic compendium of cultivated human gut fungi characterizes the gut mycobiome and its relevance to common diseases. Cell 2024; 187:2969-2989.e24. [PMID: 38776919 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The gut fungal community represents an essential element of human health, yet its functional and metabolic potential remains insufficiently elucidated, largely due to the limited availability of reference genomes. To address this gap, we presented the cultivated gut fungi (CGF) catalog, encompassing 760 fungal genomes derived from the feces of healthy individuals. This catalog comprises 206 species spanning 48 families, including 69 species previously unidentified. We explored the functional and metabolic attributes of the CGF species and utilized this catalog to construct a phylogenetic representation of the gut mycobiome by analyzing over 11,000 fecal metagenomes from Chinese and non-Chinese populations. Moreover, we identified significant common disease-related variations in gut mycobiome composition and corroborated the associations between fungal signatures and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) through animal experimentation. These resources and findings substantially enrich our understanding of the biological diversity and disease relevance of the human gut mycobiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiulong Yan
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention, School of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Shenghui Li
- Puensum Genetech Institute, Wuhan 430076, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Qingsong Yan
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Xiaokui Huo
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention, School of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China.
| | - Xifan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100091, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Yan Sun
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Wenyu Zhao
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention, School of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Zhenlong Yu
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention, School of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Puensum Genetech Institute, Wuhan 430076, China
| | - Ruochun Guo
- Puensum Genetech Institute, Wuhan 430076, China
| | - Qingbo Lv
- Puensum Genetech Institute, Wuhan 430076, China
| | - Xin He
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention, School of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Changliang Yao
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | | | - Fang Chen
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Qianru Ji
- Puensum Genetech Institute, Wuhan 430076, China
| | - Aiqin Zhang
- Puensum Genetech Institute, Wuhan 430076, China
| | - Hao Jin
- Puensum Genetech Institute, Wuhan 430076, China
| | - Guangyang Wang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Xiaoying Feng
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Lei Feng
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Fan Wu
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Jing Ning
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention, School of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Sa Deng
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention, School of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Yue An
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - De-An Guo
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China.
| | - Francis M Martin
- Université de Lorraine, Institut national de recherche pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement, UMR Interactions Arbres/Microorganismes, Centre INRAE Grand Est-Nancy, Champenoux 54280, France; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100091, China.
| | - Xiaochi Ma
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention, School of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China.
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21
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Wang B, Luan Y. Evaluation of normalization methods for predicting quantitative phenotypes in metagenomic data analysis. Front Genet 2024; 15:1369628. [PMID: 38903761 PMCID: PMC11188486 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1369628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Genotype-to-phenotype mapping is an essential problem in the current genomic era. While qualitative case-control predictions have received significant attention, less emphasis has been placed on predicting quantitative phenotypes. This emerging field holds great promise in revealing intricate connections between microbial communities and host health. However, the presence of heterogeneity in microbiome datasets poses a substantial challenge to the accuracy of predictions and undermines the reproducibility of models. To tackle this challenge, we investigated 22 normalization methods that aimed at removing heterogeneity across multiple datasets, conducted a comprehensive review of them, and evaluated their effectiveness in predicting quantitative phenotypes in three simulation scenarios and 31 real datasets. The results indicate that none of these methods demonstrate significant superiority in predicting quantitative phenotypes or attain a noteworthy reduction in Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) of the predictions. Given the frequent occurrence of batch effects and the satisfactory performance of batch correction methods in predicting datasets affected by these effects, we strongly recommend utilizing batch correction methods as the initial step in predicting quantitative phenotypes. In summary, the performance of normalization methods in predicting metagenomic data remains a dynamic and ongoing research area. Our study contributes to this field by undertaking a comprehensive evaluation of diverse methods and offering valuable insights into their effectiveness in predicting quantitative phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Wang
- Frontier Science Center for Nonlinear Expectations, Ministry of Education, Qingdao, China
- Research Center for Mathematics and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
- School of Mathematics, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yihui Luan
- Frontier Science Center for Nonlinear Expectations, Ministry of Education, Qingdao, China
- Research Center for Mathematics and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
- School of Mathematics, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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22
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Mishra AK, Mahmud I, Lorenzi PL, Jenq RR, Wargo JA, Ajami NJ, Peterson CB. TARO: tree-aggregated factor regression for microbiome data integration. Bioinformatics 2024; 40:btae321. [PMID: 38788190 PMCID: PMC11193058 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btae321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION Although the human microbiome plays a key role in health and disease, the biological mechanisms underlying the interaction between the microbiome and its host are incompletely understood. Integration with other molecular profiling data offers an opportunity to characterize the role of the microbiome and elucidate therapeutic targets. However, this remains challenging to the high dimensionality, compositionality, and rare features found in microbiome profiling data. These challenges necessitate the use of methods that can achieve structured sparsity in learning cross-platform association patterns. RESULTS We propose Tree-Aggregated factor RegressiOn (TARO) for the integration of microbiome and metabolomic data. We leverage information on the taxonomic tree structure to flexibly aggregate rare features. We demonstrate through simulation studies that TARO accurately recovers a low-rank coefficient matrix and identifies relevant features. We applied TARO to microbiome and metabolomic profiles gathered from subjects being screened for colorectal cancer to understand how gut microrganisms shape intestinal metabolite abundances. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION The R package TARO implementing the proposed methods is available online at https://github.com/amishra-stats/taro-package.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya K Mishra
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, United States
- Platform for Innovative Microbiome and Translational Research (PRIME-TR), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Iqbal Mahmud
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Philip L Lorenzi
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Robert R Jenq
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, United States
- Platform for Innovative Microbiome and Translational Research (PRIME-TR), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Jennifer A Wargo
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, United States
- Platform for Innovative Microbiome and Translational Research (PRIME-TR), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, United States
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Nadim J Ajami
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, United States
- Platform for Innovative Microbiome and Translational Research (PRIME-TR), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Christine B Peterson
- Platform for Innovative Microbiome and Translational Research (PRIME-TR), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, United States
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, United States
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Li X, Xu B, Yang H, Zhu Z. Gut Microbiota, Human Blood Metabolites, and Esophageal Cancer: A Mendelian Randomization Study. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:729. [PMID: 38927665 PMCID: PMC11203100 DOI: 10.3390/genes15060729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Unbalances in the gut microbiota have been proposed as a possible cause of esophageal cancer (ESCA), yet the exact causal relationship remains unclear. PURPOSE To investigate the potential causal relationship between the gut microbiota and ESCA with Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. METHODS Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) of 207 gut microbial taxa (5 phyla, 10 classes, 13 orders, 26 families, 48 genera, and 105 species) and 205 gut microbiota metabolic pathways conducted by the Dutch Microbiome Project (DMP) and a FinnGen cohort GWAS of esophageal cancer specified the summary statistics. To investigate the possibility of a mediation effect between the gut microbiota and ESCA, mediation MR analyses were performed for 1091 blood metabolites and 309 metabolite ratios. RESULTS MR analysis indicated that the relative abundance of 10 gut microbial taxa was associated with ESCA but all the 12 gut microbiota metabolic pathways with ESCA indicated no statistically significant association existing. Two blood metabolites and a metabolite ratio were discovered to be mediating factors in the pathway from gut microbiota to ESCA. CONCLUSION This research indicated the potential mediating effects of blood metabolites and offered genetic evidence in favor of a causal correlation between gut microbiota and ESCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuzhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China;
| | - Bingchen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Department of Minimally Invasive Intervention, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China;
| | - Han Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China;
| | - Zhihua Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Department of Thoracic Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
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24
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Kageyama S, Takeshita T. Development and establishment of oral microbiota in early life. J Oral Biosci 2024; 66:300-303. [PMID: 38703995 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2024.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The oral microbiota has recently attracted attention owing to its association with oral and systemic diseases. Accordingly, gaining an understanding of oral microbiota development and the factors influencing it can contribute to preventing the establishment of dysbiotic oral microbiota and, eventually, oral microbiota-related diseases. HIGHLIGHT In this review, we highlight the results of a longitudinal project focusing on oral microbiota development during early life. At 4 months of age, the oral microbiota of infants was found to differ considerably from the maternal oral microbiota, even though infants acquire oral bacteria from their mothers. At 18 months, although the infant microbiota is still not completely comparable with that of adults, from 4 to 18 months, there is a rapid phase of development, during which the microbial composition undergoes considerable change to a profile more similar to that in adults. During this development, the infant oral microbiota converges into two different profiles with adult-like traits, namely, Streptococcus salivarius- and Neisseria-dominant profiles. This divergence is strongly influenced by dietary habits, with a frequent intake of sweetened beverages being associated with an S. salivarius-dominant profile, which is suspected to be implicated in oral and systemic diseases. CONCLUSION The foundation of the adult oral microbiota may be established by 18 months of age, and the developmental period from 4 to 18 months may be an appropriate period during which to modify the microbial balance to obtain a desirable healthy state. In particular, dietary habits during this period warrant close attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Kageyama
- Section of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Toru Takeshita
- Section of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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25
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Hu Q, Zheng Q, Du X, Yang Z, Tian Q, Liang L, Zhao X, Bai H, Liu Y, Zhao M, Fu X. Intestinal metabolite xylulose inhibits colorectal cancer by inducing apoptosis through the MAPK signalling pathway. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2024; 487:116960. [PMID: 38735592 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2024.116960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The intestinal metabolites are involved in the initiation, progression and metastasis of colorectal cancer (CRC). They are a potential source of agents for cancer therapy. Our previous study identified altered faecal metabolites between CRC patients and healthy volunteers. However, no specific metabolite was clearly illustrated for CRC therapy. RESULTS We found that the level of xylulose was lower in the stools of CRC patients than in those of healthy volunteers. Xylulose inhibited cell growth without affecting the cell cycle by inducing apoptosis in CRC cells, which was evidenced by increased expression of the proapoptotic proteins C-PARP and C-Caspase3 and decreased expression of the antiapoptotic protein BCL-2 in CRC cells. Mechanistically, xylulose reduced the activity of the MAPK signalling pathway, represented by reduced phosphorylation of JNK, ERK, and P38. Furthermore, an ALI model was used to show the tumour killing ability of xylulose on human CRC spheres, as well as human colorectal adenoma (AD) spheres. CONCLUSION Xylulose inhibits CRC growth by inducing apoptosis through attenuation of the MAPK signalling pathway. These results suggest that xylulose may serve as an effective agent for CRC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Hu
- Clinical medical college, North sichuan medical college, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, PR China
| | - Qiao Zheng
- Clinical medical college, North sichuan medical college, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, PR China
| | - Xinhao Du
- Department of Gastroenterology, Clinical Medical College and the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, PR China
| | - Ziyi Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Clinical Medical College and the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, PR China
| | - Qian Tian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Clinical Medical College and the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, PR China
| | - Lanfan Liang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Clinical Medical College and the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, PR China
| | - Xinyu Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Clinical Medical College and the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, PR China
| | - Hang Bai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Clinical Medical College and the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, PR China
| | - Yanqin Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Clinical Medical College and the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, PR China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Clinical Medical College and the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, PR China.
| | - Xiangsheng Fu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Clinical Medical College and the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, PR China.
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Tamayo M, Olivares M, Ruas-Madiedo P, Margolles A, Espín JC, Medina I, Moreno-Arribas MV, Canals S, Mirasso CR, Ortín S, Beltrán-Sanchez H, Palloni A, Tomás-Barberán FA, Sanz Y. How Diet and Lifestyle Can Fine-Tune Gut Microbiomes for Healthy Aging. Annu Rev Food Sci Technol 2024; 15:283-305. [PMID: 38941492 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-food-072023-034458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
Many physical, social, and psychological changes occur during aging that raise the risk of developing chronic diseases, frailty, and dependency. These changes adversely affect the gut microbiota, a phenomenon known as microbe-aging. Those microbiota alterations are, in turn, associated with the development of age-related diseases. The gut microbiota is highly responsive to lifestyle and dietary changes, displaying a flexibility that also provides anactionable tool by which healthy aging can be promoted. This review covers, firstly, the main lifestyle and socioeconomic factors that modify the gut microbiota composition and function during healthy or unhealthy aging and, secondly, the advances being made in defining and promoting healthy aging, including microbiome-informed artificial intelligence tools, personalized dietary patterns, and food probiotic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tamayo
- Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Spanish National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), Valencia, Spain;
- Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM), Spain
| | - M Olivares
- Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Spanish National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), Valencia, Spain;
| | | | - A Margolles
- Health Research Institute (ISPA), Asturias, Spain
| | - J C Espín
- Laboratory of Food & Health, Group of Quality, Safety, and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS-CSIC), Murcia, Spain
| | - I Medina
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, Spanish National Research Council (IIM-CSIC), Vigo, Spain
| | | | - S Canals
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, Sant Joan d'Alacant, Spain
| | - C R Mirasso
- Instituto de Física Interdisciplinar y Sistemas Complejos IFISC (UIB-CSIC), Campus Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - S Ortín
- Instituto de Física Interdisciplinar y Sistemas Complejos IFISC (UIB-CSIC), Campus Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - H Beltrán-Sanchez
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health and California Center for Population Research, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - A Palloni
- Department of Sociology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - F A Tomás-Barberán
- Laboratory of Food & Health, Group of Quality, Safety, and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS-CSIC), Murcia, Spain
| | - Y Sanz
- Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Spanish National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), Valencia, Spain;
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Ma L, Ma Y, Gao Q, Liu S, Zhu Z, Shi X, Dai F, Reis RL, Kundu SC, Cai K, Xiao B. Mulberry Leaf Lipid Nanoparticles: a Naturally Targeted CRISPR/Cas9 Oral Delivery Platform for Alleviation of Colon Diseases. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2307247. [PMID: 38243871 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Oral treatment of colon diseases with the CRISPR/Cas9 system has been hampered by the lack of a safe and efficient delivery platform. Overexpressed CD98 plays a crucial role in the progression of ulcerative colitis (UC) and colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC). In this study, lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) derived from mulberry leaves are functionalized with Pluronic copolymers and optimized to deliver the CRISPR/Cas gene editing machinery for CD98 knockdown. The obtained LNPs possessed a hydrodynamic diameter of 267.2 nm, a narrow size distribution, and a negative surface charge (-25.6 mV). Incorporating Pluronic F127 into LNPs improved their stability in the gastrointestinal tract and facilitated their penetration through the colonic mucus barrier. The galactose end groups promoted endocytosis of the LNPs by macrophages via asialoglycoprotein receptor-mediated endocytosis, with a transfection efficiency of 2.2-fold higher than Lipofectamine 6000. The LNPs significantly decreased CD98 expression, down-regulated pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6), up-regulated anti-inflammatory factors (IL-10), and polarized macrophages to M2 phenotype. Oral administration of LNPs mitigated UC and CAC by alleviating inflammation, restoring the colonic barrier, and modulating intestinal microbiota. As the first oral CRISPR/Cas9 delivery LNP, this system offers a precise and efficient platform for the oral treatment of colon diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingli Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, College of Sericulture, Textile, and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Ya Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, College of Sericulture, Textile, and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Qiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, College of Sericulture, Textile, and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Shengsheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, College of Sericulture, Textile, and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Zhenhua Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, College of Sericulture, Textile, and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Fangyin Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, College of Sericulture, Textile, and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Rui L Reis
- Bs Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of Minho, AvePark, Barco, Guimaraes, 4805-017, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, 4800-058, Portugal
| | - Subhas C Kundu
- Bs Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of Minho, AvePark, Barco, Guimaraes, 4805-017, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, 4800-058, Portugal
| | - Kaiyong Cai
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Bo Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, College of Sericulture, Textile, and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
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28
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Wang W, Qian C, Wang T, Jiang Y, Zhou Y, Liu K, Ma Z, Liu P, Wu Y, Chen L, Wang H, Zhou T. A combination of faecal and intratumour microbial community profiling reveals novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for pancreatic tumours. Clin Transl Med 2024; 14:e1726. [PMID: 38822473 PMCID: PMC11142927 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of GastroenterologyShanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Cheng Qian
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity & InflammationInstitute of ImmunologySecond Military Medical UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of PathologyRuijin Hospital, School of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Yuetong Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolite ResearchSchool of PharmacySecond Military Medical UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Yiran Zhou
- Department of General Surgery and Research Institute of Pancreatic DiseasesRuijin Hospital, School of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Kaiyu Liu
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Zhiyang Ma
- School of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Pengyi Liu
- Department of General Surgery and Research Institute of Pancreatic DiseasesRuijin Hospital, School of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Yichi Wu
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Leying Chen
- Department of General Surgery and Research Institute of Pancreatic DiseasesRuijin Hospital, School of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Huaizhi Wang
- Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary SurgeryChongqing General HospitalChongqing UniversityChongqingP. R. China
| | - Tingting Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolite ResearchSchool of PharmacySecond Military Medical UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
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Ezra S, Bashan A. Network impact of a single-time-point microbial sample. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301683. [PMID: 38814902 PMCID: PMC11139317 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The human microbiome plays a crucial role in determining our well-being and can significantly influence human health. The individualized nature of the microbiome may reveal host-specific information about the health state of the subject. In particular, the microbiome is an ecosystem shaped by a tangled network of species-species and host-species interactions. Thus, analysis of the ecological balance of microbial communities can provide insights into these underlying interrelations. However, traditional methods for network analysis require many samples, while in practice only a single-time-point microbial sample is available in clinical screening. Recently, a method for the analysis of a single-time-point sample, which evaluates its 'network impact' with respect to a reference cohort, has been applied to analyze microbial samples from women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. Here, we introduce different variations of the network impact approach and systematically study their performance using simulated 'samples' fabricated via the Generalized Lotka-Volttera model of ecological dynamics. We show that the network impact of a single sample captures the effect of the interactions between the species, and thus can be applied to anomaly detection of shuffled samples, which are 'normal' in terms of species abundance but 'abnormal' in terms of species-species interrelations. In addition, we demonstrate the use of the network impact in binary and multiclass classifications, where the reference cohorts have similar abundance profiles but different species-species interactions. Individualized analysis of the human microbiome has the potential to improve diagnosis and personalized treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shir Ezra
- Physics Department, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Amir Bashan
- Physics Department, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
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Cañellas-Socias A, Sancho E, Batlle E. Mechanisms of metastatic colorectal cancer. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024:10.1038/s41575-024-00934-z. [PMID: 38806657 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-024-00934-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Despite extensive research and improvements in understanding colorectal cancer (CRC), its metastatic form continues to pose a substantial challenge, primarily owing to limited therapeutic options and a poor prognosis. This Review addresses the emerging focus on metastatic CRC (mCRC), which has historically been under-studied compared with primary CRC despite its lethality. We delve into two crucial aspects: the molecular and cellular determinants facilitating CRC metastasis and the principles guiding the evolution of metastatic disease. Initially, we examine the genetic alterations integral to CRC metastasis, connecting them to clinically marked characteristics of advanced CRC. Subsequently, we scrutinize the role of cellular heterogeneity and plasticity in metastatic spread and therapy resistance. Finally, we explore how the tumour microenvironment influences metastatic disease, emphasizing the effect of stromal gene programmes and the immune context. The ongoing research in these fields holds immense importance, as its future implications are projected to revolutionize the treatment of patients with mCRC, hopefully offering a promising outlook for their survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrià Cañellas-Socias
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Barcelona, Spain.
- Center for Cancer Cell Therapy, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Elena Sancho
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduard Batlle
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Barcelona, Spain.
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain.
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Sayed IM, Vo DT, Alcantara J, Inouye KM, Pranadinata RF, Luo L, Boland CR, Goyal NP, Kuo DJ, Huang SC, Sahoo D, Ghosh P, Das S. Molecular Signatures for Microbe-Associated Colorectal Cancers. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.26.595902. [PMID: 38853996 PMCID: PMC11160670 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.26.595902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Background Genetic factors and microbial imbalances play crucial roles in colorectal cancers (CRCs), yet the impact of infections on cancer initiation remains poorly understood. While bioinformatic approaches offer valuable insights, the rising incidence of CRCs creates a pressing need to precisely identify early CRC events. We constructed a network model to identify continuum states during CRC initiation spanning normal colonic tissue to pre-cancer lesions (adenomatous polyps) and examined the influence of microbes and host genetics. Methods A Boolean network was built using a publicly available transcriptomic dataset from healthy and adenoma affected patients to identify an invariant Microbe-Associated Colorectal Cancer Signature (MACS). We focused on Fusobacterium nucleatum ( Fn ), a CRC-associated microbe, as a model bacterium. MACS-associated genes and proteins were validated by RT-qPCR, RNA seq, ELISA, IF and IHCs in tissues and colon-derived organoids from genetically predisposed mice ( CPC-APC Min+/- ) and patients (FAP, Lynch Syndrome, PJS, and JPS). Results The MACS that is upregulated in adenomas consists of four core genes/proteins: CLDN2/Claudin-2 (leakiness), LGR5/leucine-rich repeat-containing receptor (stemness), CEMIP/cell migration-inducing and hyaluronan-binding protein (epithelial-mesenchymal transition) and IL8/Interleukin-8 (inflammation). MACS was induced upon Fn infection, but not in response to infection with other enteric bacteria or probiotics. MACS induction upon Fn infection was higher in CPC-APC Min+/- organoids compared to WT controls. The degree of MACS expression in the patient-derived organoids (PDOs) generally corresponded with the known lifetime risk of CRCs. Conclusions Computational prediction followed by validation in the organoid-based disease model identified the early events in CRC initiation. MACS reveals that the CRC-associated microbes induce a greater risk in the genetically predisposed hosts, suggesting its potential use for risk prediction and targeted cancer prevention.
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Wang M, Chu W. Dencichine attenuates the virulence of Fusobacterium nucleatum by targeting hydrogen sulfide-producing enzyme. Int Microbiol 2024:10.1007/s10123-024-00539-1. [PMID: 38789725 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-024-00539-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Oral opportunistic pathogen Fusobacterium nucleatum can participate in various disease processes through the metabolite hydrogen sulfide, such as halitosis and colorectal cancer. The object of this study is to identify inhibitor capable of suppressing Fn1220, which is the principal hydrogen sulfide-producing enzyme in F. nucleatum. Through this inhibition, we aim to reduce the hydrogen sulfide production of F. nucleatum, consequently diminishing its virulence. Employing molecular docking techniques for inhibitor screening, we identified dencichine as the monomeric compound from Chinese medicine exhibiting the lowest binding energy to Fn1220 among a set of 27,045 candidates, and evaluated in vitro the ability of dencichine to inhibit hydrogen sulfide production using bismuth chloride method. Additionally, we investigated its impact on key virulence factors, including biofilm formation, hemolysis, and adhesion factors of F. nucleatum, using the crystalline violet method, sheep blood method, and RT-qPCR, respectively. Furthermore, we assessed the influence of dencichine on the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans. Results showed that dencichine was a suitable inhibitor of the Fn1220 of F. nucleatum, which significantly inhibited the production of virulence factors, e.g., biofilm, hemolysin, FadA, and Fap2 of F. nucleatum and improved the survival of C. elegans. We successfully identified the inhibitor of the enzyme Fn1220, dencichine, which inhibited the production of hydrogen sulfide and attenuated the virulence of F. nucleatum and holds promise as a potential therapeutic avenue for addressing oral diseases, e.g., halitosis in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minyu Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Weihua Chu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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Messaritakis I, Koulouris A, Boukla E, Vogiatzoglou K, Lagkouvardos I, Intze E, Sfakianaki M, Chondrozoumaki M, Karagianni M, Athanasakis E, Xynos E, Tsiaoussis J, Christodoulakis M, Flamourakis ME, Tsagkataki ES, Giannikaki L, Chliara E, Mavroudis D, Tzardi M, Souglakos J. Exploring Gut Microbiome Composition and Circulating Microbial DNA Fragments in Patients with Stage II/III Colorectal Cancer: A Comprehensive Analysis. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1923. [PMID: 38792001 PMCID: PMC11119035 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16101923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) significantly contributes to cancer-related mortality, necessitating the exploration of prognostic factors beyond TNM staging. This study investigates the composition of the gut microbiome and microbial DNA fragments in stage II/III CRC. METHODS A cohort of 142 patients with stage II/III CRC and 91 healthy controls underwent comprehensive microbiome analysis. Fecal samples were collected for 16S rRNA sequencing, and blood samples were tested for the presence of microbial DNA fragments. De novo clustering analysis categorized individuals based on their microbial profiles. Alpha and beta diversity metrics were calculated, and taxonomic profiling was conducted. RESULTS Patients with CRC exhibited distinct microbial composition compared to controls. Beta diversity analysis confirmed CRC-specific microbial profiles. Taxonomic profiling revealed unique taxonomies in the patient cohort. De novo clustering separated individuals into distinct groups, with specific microbial DNA fragment detection associated with certain patient clusters. CONCLUSIONS The gut microbiota can differentiate patients with CRC from healthy individuals. Detecting microbial DNA fragments in the bloodstream may be linked to CRC prognosis. These findings suggest that the gut microbiome could serve as a prognostic factor in stage II/III CRC. Identifying specific microbial markers associated with CRC prognosis has potential clinical implications, including personalized treatment strategies and reduced healthcare costs. Further research is needed to validate these findings and uncover underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ippokratis Messaritakis
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Medical School, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece; (A.K.); (M.C.); (D.M.)
| | - Andreas Koulouris
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Medical School, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece; (A.K.); (M.C.); (D.M.)
| | - Eleni Boukla
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Medical School, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece; (A.K.); (M.C.); (D.M.)
| | - Konstantinos Vogiatzoglou
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Medical School, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece; (A.K.); (M.C.); (D.M.)
| | - Ilias Lagkouvardos
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece; (I.L.); (E.I.)
| | - Evangelia Intze
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece; (I.L.); (E.I.)
| | - Maria Sfakianaki
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Medical School, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece; (A.K.); (M.C.); (D.M.)
| | - Maria Chondrozoumaki
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Medical School, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece; (A.K.); (M.C.); (D.M.)
| | - Michaela Karagianni
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Medical School, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece; (A.K.); (M.C.); (D.M.)
| | - Elias Athanasakis
- Department of General Surgery, Heraklion University Hospital, 71100 Heraklion, Greece;
| | - Evangelos Xynos
- Department of Surgery, Creta Interclinic Hospital of Heraklion, 71305 Heraklion, Greece
| | - John Tsiaoussis
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece;
| | | | | | - Eleni S. Tsagkataki
- Department of General Surgery, Venizeleio General Hospital, 71409 Heraklion, Greece (M.E.F.)
| | - Linda Giannikaki
- Histopathology, Venizeleio General Hospital, 71409 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Evdoxia Chliara
- Histopathology, Venizeleio General Hospital, 71409 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Mavroudis
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Medical School, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece; (A.K.); (M.C.); (D.M.)
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital of Heraklion, 71110 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Maria Tzardi
- Laboratory of Pathology, University General Hospital of Heraklion, 70013 Heraklion, Greece;
| | - John Souglakos
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Medical School, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece; (A.K.); (M.C.); (D.M.)
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital of Heraklion, 71110 Heraklion, Greece
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Wu T, Zeng Z, Yu Y. Role of Probiotics in Gut Microbiome and Metabolome in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Mouse Model: A Comparative Study. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1020. [PMID: 38792849 PMCID: PMC11124503 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12051020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent chronic liver condition worldwide. Numerous studies conducted recently have demonstrated a connection between the dysbiosis of the development of NAFLD and gut microbiota. Rebuilding a healthy gut ecology has been proposed as a strategy involving the use of probiotics. The purpose of this work is to investigate and compare the function of probiotics Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila) and VSL#3 in NAFLD mice. Rodent NAFLD was modeled using a methionine choline-deficient diet (MCD) with/without oral probiotic delivery. Subsequently, qPCR, histological staining, and liver function tests were conducted. Mass spectrometry-based analysis and 16S rDNA gene sequencing were used to investigate the liver metabolome and gut microbiota. We found that while both A. muciniphila and VSL#3 reduced hepatic fat content, A. muciniphila outperformed VSL#3. Furthermore, probiotic treatment restored the β diversity of the gut flora and A. muciniphila decreased the abundance of pathogenic bacteria such as Ileibacterium valens. These probiotics altered the metabolism in MCD mice, especially the glycerophospholipid metabolism. In conclusion, our findings distinguished the role of A. muciniphila and VSL#3 in NAFLD and indicated that oral-gavage probiotics remodel gut microbiota and improve metabolism, raising the possibility of using probiotics in the cure of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zheng Zeng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China;
| | - Yanyan Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China;
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Liu Z, Luo S, Liu C, Hu X. Tannic acid delaying metabolism of resistant starch by gut microbiota during in vitro human fecal fermentation. Food Chem 2024; 440:138261. [PMID: 38150905 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.138261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
This work investigated the effect of tannic acid on the fermentation rate of resistant starch. It was found that 1.0 and 1.5 μmol/L tannic acid decreased the rate of producing gas and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) from fermentation of resistant starch, and 1.5 μmol/mL tannic acid had a more profound effect, which confirmed that tannic acid delayed the metabolism of resistant starch. Moreover, tannic acid significantly inhibited the α-amylase activity during fermentation. On the other hand, tannic acid delayed the enrichment of some starch-degrading bacteria. Besides, fermentation of the resistant starch/tannic acid mixtures resulted in more SCFAs, particularly butyrate, and higher abundance of beneficial bacteria, including Bifidobacterium, Faecalibacterium, Blautia and Dorea, than fermentation of resistant starch after 48 h. Thus, it was inferred that tannic acid could delay the metabolism of resistant starch, which was due to its inhibitory effect on the α-amylase activity and regulatory effect on gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; International Institute of Food Innovation Co., Ltd., Nanchang 330200, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shunjing Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; International Institute of Food Innovation Co., Ltd., Nanchang 330200, Jiangxi, China
| | - Chengmei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; International Institute of Food Innovation Co., Ltd., Nanchang 330200, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiuting Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; International Institute of Food Innovation Co., Ltd., Nanchang 330200, Jiangxi, China.
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Kirsch JM, Hryckowian AJ, Duerkop BA. A metagenomics pipeline reveals insertion sequence-driven evolution of the microbiota. Cell Host Microbe 2024; 32:739-754.e4. [PMID: 38565143 PMCID: PMC11081829 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2024.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Insertion sequence (IS) elements are mobile genetic elements in bacterial genomes that support adaptation. We developed a database of IS elements coupled to a computational pipeline that identifies IS element insertions in the microbiota. We discovered that diverse IS elements insert into the genomes of intestinal bacteria regardless of human host lifestyle. These insertions target bacterial accessory genes that aid in their adaptation to unique environmental conditions. Using IS expansion in Bacteroides, we show that IS activity leads to the insertion of "hot spots" in accessory genes. We show that IS insertions are stable and can be transferred between humans. Extreme environmental perturbations force IS elements to fall out of the microbiota, and many fail to rebound following homeostasis. Our work shows that IS elements drive bacterial genome diversification within the microbiota and establishes a framework for understanding how strain-level variation within the microbiota impacts human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua M Kirsch
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Andrew J Hryckowian
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Department of Medical Microbiology & Immunology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Breck A Duerkop
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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Demirturk M, Cinar MS, Avci FY. The immune interactions of gut glycans and microbiota in health and disease. Mol Microbiol 2024. [PMID: 38703041 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.15267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
The human digestive system harbors a vast diversity of commensal bacteria and maintains a symbiotic relationship with them. However, imbalances in the gut microbiota accompany various diseases, such as inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) and colorectal cancers (CRCs), which significantly impact the well-being of populations globally. Glycosylation of the mucus layer is a crucial factor that plays a critical role in maintaining the homeostatic environment in the gut. This review delves into how the gut microbiota, immune cells, and gut mucus layer work together to establish a balanced gut environment. Specifically, the role of glycosylation in regulating immune cell responses and mucus metabolism in this process is examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmut Demirturk
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Mukaddes Sena Cinar
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Fikri Y Avci
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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38
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Masheghati F, Asgharzadeh MR, Jafari A, Masoudi N, Maleki-Kakelar H. The role of gut microbiota and probiotics in preventing, treating, and boosting the immune system in colorectal cancer. Life Sci 2024; 344:122529. [PMID: 38490297 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
The gut microbiome plays a significant role in developing colorectal cancer (CRC). The gut microbiome usually acts as a protective barrier against harmful pathogens and infections in the intestine, while also regulating inflammation by affecting the human immune system. The gut microbiota and probiotics play a role not only in intestinal inflammation associated with tumor formation but also in regulating anti-cancer immune response. As a result, they associated with tumor progression and the effectiveness of anti-cancer therapies. Research indicates that gut microbiota and probiotics can be used as biomarkers to predict the impact of immunotherapy and enhance its efficacy in treating CRC by regulating it. This review examines the importance of gut microbiota and probiotics in the development and progression of CRC, as well as their synergistic impact on anti-cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Forough Masheghati
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | | | - Abbas Jafari
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Naser Masoudi
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran; Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Hadi Maleki-Kakelar
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
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39
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Jiang C, Zhou Q, Yi K, Yuan Y, Xie X. Colorectal cancer initiation: Understanding early-stage disease for intervention. Cancer Lett 2024; 589:216831. [PMID: 38574882 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
How tumors arise or the cause of precancerous lesions is a fundamental question in cancer biology. It is generally accepted that tumors originate from normal cells that undergo uncontrolled proliferation owing to genetic alterations. At the onset of adenoma formation, cancer driver mutations confer clonal growth advantage, enabling mutant cells to outcompete and eliminate the surrounding healthy cells. Hence, the development of precancerous lesions is not only attributed to the expansion of pre-malignant clones, but also relies on the relative fitness of mutated cells compared to the neighboring cells. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is an excellent model to investigate cancer origin as it follows a stereotypical process from mutant cell hyperplasia to adenoma formation and progression. Here, we review the evolving understanding of colonic tumor development, focusing on how cell intrinsic and extrinsic factors impact cell competition and the "clone war" between cancer-initiating cells and normal stem cells. We also discuss the promises and limitations of targeting cell competitiveness in cancer prevention and early intervention. The field of tumor initiation is currently in its infancy, elucidating the adenoma origin is crucial for designing effective prevention strategies and early treatments before cancer becomes incurable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Jiang
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400, China
| | - Qiujing Zhou
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310005, China
| | - Ke Yi
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400, China
| | - Ying Yuan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xin Xie
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400, China; Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Institute and Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China; Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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40
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Shtossel O, Finkelstein S, Louzoun Y. mi-Mic: a novel multi-layer statistical test for microbiota-disease associations. Genome Biol 2024; 25:113. [PMID: 38693546 PMCID: PMC11064322 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-024-03256-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
mi-Mic, a novel approach for microbiome differential abundance analysis, tackles the key challenges of such statistical tests: a large number of tests, sparsity, varying abundance scales, and taxonomic relationships. mi-Mic first converts microbial counts to a cladogram of means. It then applies a priori tests on the upper levels of the cladogram to detect overall relationships. Finally, it performs a Mann-Whitney test on paths that are consistently significant along the cladogram or on the leaves. mi-Mic has much higher true to false positives ratios than existing tests, as measured by a new real-to-shuffle positive score.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oshrit Shtossel
- Department of Mathematics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 52900, Israel
| | - Shani Finkelstein
- Department of Mathematics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 52900, Israel
| | - Yoram Louzoun
- Department of Mathematics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 52900, Israel.
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41
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Wei X, Wang F, Tan P, Huang H, Wang Z, Xie J, Wang L, Liu D, Hu Z. The interactions between traditional Chinese medicine and gut microbiota in cancers: Current status and future perspectives. Pharmacol Res 2024; 203:107148. [PMID: 38522760 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
The gut microbiota, known as the "forgotten organ" and "human second genome," comprises a complex microecosystem. It significantly influences the development of various tumors, including colorectal, liver, stomach, breast, and lung cancers, through both direct and indirect mechanisms. These mechanisms include the "gut-liver" axis, the "lung-intestine" axis, and interactions with the immune system. The intestinal flora exhibits dual roles in cancer, both promoting and suppressing its progression. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) can alter cancer progression by regulating the intestinal flora. It modifies the intestinal flora's composition and structure, along with the levels of endogenous metabolites, thus affecting the intestinal barrier, immune system, and overall body metabolism. These actions contribute to TCM's significant antitumor effects. Moreover, the gut microbiota metabolizes TCM components, enhancing their antitumor properties. Therefore, exploring the interaction between TCM and the intestinal flora offers a novel perspective in understanding TCM's antitumor mechanisms. This paper succinctly reviews the association between gut flora and the development of tumors, including colorectal, liver, gastric, breast, and lung cancers. It further examines current research on the interaction between TCM and intestinal flora, with a focus on its antitumor efficacy. It identifies limitations in existing studies and suggests recommendations, providing insights into antitumor drug research and exploring TCM's antitumor effectiveness. Additionally, this paper aims to guide future research on TCM and the gut microbiota in antitumor studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejiao Wei
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Fei Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Peng Tan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Huiming Huang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zhuguo Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jinxin Xie
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Longyan Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Dongxiao Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zhongdong Hu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
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42
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Geistlinger L, Mirzayi C, Zohra F, Azhar R, Elsafoury S, Grieve C, Wokaty J, Gamboa-Tuz SD, Sengupta P, Hecht I, Ravikrishnan A, Gonçalves RS, Franzosa E, Raman K, Carey V, Dowd JB, Jones HE, Davis S, Segata N, Huttenhower C, Waldron L. BugSigDB captures patterns of differential abundance across a broad range of host-associated microbial signatures. Nat Biotechnol 2024; 42:790-802. [PMID: 37697152 PMCID: PMC11098749 DOI: 10.1038/s41587-023-01872-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
The literature of human and other host-associated microbiome studies is expanding rapidly, but systematic comparisons among published results of host-associated microbiome signatures of differential abundance remain difficult. We present BugSigDB, a community-editable database of manually curated microbial signatures from published differential abundance studies accompanied by information on study geography, health outcomes, host body site and experimental, epidemiological and statistical methods using controlled vocabulary. The initial release of the database contains >2,500 manually curated signatures from >600 published studies on three host species, enabling high-throughput analysis of signature similarity, taxon enrichment, co-occurrence and coexclusion and consensus signatures. These data allow assessment of microbiome differential abundance within and across experimental conditions, environments or body sites. Database-wide analysis reveals experimental conditions with the highest level of consistency in signatures reported by independent studies and identifies commonalities among disease-associated signatures, including frequent introgression of oral pathobionts into the gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludwig Geistlinger
- Center for Computational Biomedicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chloe Mirzayi
- Institute for Implementation Science in Population Health, City University of New York School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, City University of New York School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Fatima Zohra
- Institute for Implementation Science in Population Health, City University of New York School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, City University of New York School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rimsha Azhar
- Institute for Implementation Science in Population Health, City University of New York School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, City University of New York School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shaimaa Elsafoury
- Institute for Implementation Science in Population Health, City University of New York School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, City University of New York School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Clare Grieve
- Institute for Implementation Science in Population Health, City University of New York School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, City University of New York School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jennifer Wokaty
- Institute for Implementation Science in Population Health, City University of New York School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, City University of New York School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Samuel David Gamboa-Tuz
- Institute for Implementation Science in Population Health, City University of New York School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, City University of New York School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Pratyay Sengupta
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Madras, Chennai, India
- Robert Bosch Centre for Data Science and Artificial Intelligence, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Madras, Chennai, India
- Centre for Integrative Biology and Systems mEdicine (IBSE), Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Madras, Chennai, India
| | | | - Aarthi Ravikrishnan
- Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Rafael S Gonçalves
- Center for Computational Biomedicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eric Franzosa
- Infectious Disease and Microbiome Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Chan Microbiome in Public Health Center, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Karthik Raman
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Madras, Chennai, India
- Robert Bosch Centre for Data Science and Artificial Intelligence, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Madras, Chennai, India
- Centre for Integrative Biology and Systems mEdicine (IBSE), Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Vincent Carey
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Mass General Brigham, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer B Dowd
- Leverhulme Centre for Demographic Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Heidi E Jones
- Institute for Implementation Science in Population Health, City University of New York School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, City University of New York School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sean Davis
- Departments of Biomedical Informatics and Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz School of Medicine, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Nicola Segata
- Department CIBIO, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
- Istituto Europeo di Oncologia (IEO) IRCSS, Milan, Italy
| | - Curtis Huttenhower
- Infectious Disease and Microbiome Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Chan Microbiome in Public Health Center, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Levi Waldron
- Institute for Implementation Science in Population Health, City University of New York School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, City University of New York School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA.
- Department CIBIO, University of Trento, Trento, Italy.
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43
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Ratiner K, Ciocan D, Abdeen SK, Elinav E. Utilization of the microbiome in personalized medicine. Nat Rev Microbiol 2024; 22:291-308. [PMID: 38110694 DOI: 10.1038/s41579-023-00998-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Inter-individual human variability, driven by various genetic and environmental factors, complicates the ability to develop effective population-based early disease detection, treatment and prognostic assessment. The microbiome, consisting of diverse microorganism communities including viruses, bacteria, fungi and eukaryotes colonizing human body surfaces, has recently been identified as a contributor to inter-individual variation, through its person-specific signatures. As such, the microbiome may modulate disease manifestations, even among individuals with similar genetic disease susceptibility risks. Information stored within microbiomes may therefore enable early detection and prognostic assessment of disease in at-risk populations, whereas microbiome modulation may constitute an effective and safe treatment tailored to the individual. In this Review, we explore recent advances in the application of microbiome data in precision medicine across a growing number of human diseases. We also discuss the challenges, limitations and prospects of analysing microbiome data for personalized patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Ratiner
- Systems Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Dragos Ciocan
- Systems Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Suhaib K Abdeen
- Systems Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
| | - Eran Elinav
- Systems Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
- Division of Cancer-Microbiome Research, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany.
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44
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Cicalini I, Chiarelli AM, Chiacchiaretta P, Perpetuini D, Rosa C, Mastrodicasa D, d'Annibale M, Trebeschi S, Serafini FL, Cocco G, Narciso M, Corvino A, Cinalli S, Genovesi D, Lanuti P, Valentinuzzi S, Pieragostino D, Brocco D, Beets-Tan RGH, Tinari N, Sensi SL, Stuppia L, Del Boccio P, Caulo M, Delli Pizzi A. Multi-omics staging of locally advanced rectal cancer predicts treatment response: a pilot study. LA RADIOLOGIA MEDICA 2024; 129:712-726. [PMID: 38538828 PMCID: PMC11088547 DOI: 10.1007/s11547-024-01811-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Treatment response assessment of rectal cancer patients is a critical component of personalized cancer care and it allows to identify suitable candidates for organ-preserving strategies. This pilot study employed a novel multi-omics approach combining MRI-based radiomic features and untargeted metabolomics to infer treatment response at staging. The metabolic signature highlighted how tumor cell viability is predictively down-regulated, while the response to oxidative stress was up-regulated in responder patients, showing significantly reduced oxoproline values at baseline compared to non-responder patients (p-value < 10-4). Tumors with a high degree of texture homogeneity, as assessed by radiomics, were more likely to achieve a major pathological response (p-value < 10-3). A machine learning classifier was implemented to summarize the multi-omics information and discriminate responders and non-responders. Combining all available radiomic and metabolomic features, the classifier delivered an AUC of 0.864 (± 0.083, p-value < 10-3) with a best-point sensitivity of 90.9% and a specificity of 81.8%. Our results suggest that a multi-omics approach, integrating radiomics and metabolomic data, can enhance the predictive value of standard MRI and could help to avoid unnecessary surgical treatments and their associated long-term complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Cicalini
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Odontoiatry, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Antonio Maria Chiarelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Piero Chiacchiaretta
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Odontoiatry, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy.
| | - David Perpetuini
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Consuelo Rosa
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | | | - Martina d'Annibale
- Department of Radiology, SS. Annunziata Hospital, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Via dei Vestini, 66100, ChietiChieti, Italy
| | - Stefano Trebeschi
- Department of Radiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Giulio Cocco
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
- Unit of Ultrasound in Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Marco Narciso
- Department of Radiology, SS. Annunziata Hospital, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Via dei Vestini, 66100, ChietiChieti, Italy
| | - Antonio Corvino
- Medical, Movement and Wellbeing Sciences Department, Via Medina 40, 80133, Naples, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Cinalli
- Division of Pathology, ASST of Valtellina and Alto Lario, Sondrio, Italy
| | - Domenico Genovesi
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences and CeSI-MeT, "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti, Via dei Vestini, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Paola Lanuti
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Aging Science, "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti, Via dei Vestini, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Silvia Valentinuzzi
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Pharmacy, "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti, Via dei Vestini, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Damiana Pieragostino
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Odontoiatry, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Davide Brocco
- Clinical Oncology Unit, SS. Annunziata Hospital, Via dei Vestini, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Regina G H Beets-Tan
- Department of Radiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Nicola Tinari
- Department of Medicine and Aging Science, "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti, Via dei Vestini, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Stefano L Sensi
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Liborio Stuppia
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territory Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Piero Del Boccio
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Pharmacy, "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti, Via dei Vestini, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Massimo Caulo
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Radiology, SS. Annunziata Hospital, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Via dei Vestini, 66100, ChietiChieti, Italy
| | - Andrea Delli Pizzi
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Odontoiatry, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Radiology, SS. Annunziata Hospital, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Via dei Vestini, 66100, ChietiChieti, Italy
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45
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Tito RY, Verbandt S, Aguirre Vazquez M, Lahti L, Verspecht C, Lloréns-Rico V, Vieira-Silva S, Arts J, Falony G, Dekker E, Reumers J, Tejpar S, Raes J. Microbiome confounders and quantitative profiling challenge predicted microbial targets in colorectal cancer development. Nat Med 2024; 30:1339-1348. [PMID: 38689063 PMCID: PMC11108775 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-024-02963-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Despite substantial progress in cancer microbiome research, recognized confounders and advances in absolute microbiome quantification remain underused; this raises concerns regarding potential spurious associations. Here we study the fecal microbiota of 589 patients at different colorectal cancer (CRC) stages and compare observations with up to 15 published studies (4,439 patients and controls total). Using quantitative microbiome profiling based on 16S ribosomal RNA amplicon sequencing, combined with rigorous confounder control, we identified transit time, fecal calprotectin (intestinal inflammation) and body mass index as primary microbial covariates, superseding variance explained by CRC diagnostic groups. Well-established microbiome CRC targets, such as Fusobacterium nucleatum, did not significantly associate with CRC diagnostic groups (healthy, adenoma and carcinoma) when controlling for these covariates. In contrast, the associations of Anaerococcus vaginalis, Dialister pneumosintes, Parvimonas micra, Peptostreptococcus anaerobius, Porphyromonas asaccharolytica and Prevotella intermedia remained robust, highlighting their future target potential. Finally, control individuals (age 22-80 years, mean 57.7 years, standard deviation 11.3) meeting criteria for colonoscopy (for example, through a positive fecal immunochemical test) but without colonic lesions are enriched for the dysbiotic Bacteroides2 enterotype, emphasizing uncertainties in defining healthy controls in cancer microbiome research. Together, these results indicate the importance of quantitative microbiome profiling and covariate control for biomarker identification in CRC microbiome studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl Y Tito
- Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Microbiology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sara Verbandt
- Digestive Oncology, Department of Oncology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marta Aguirre Vazquez
- Digestive Oncology, Department of Oncology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Leo Lahti
- Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Computing, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Chloe Verspecht
- Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Microbiology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Verónica Lloréns-Rico
- Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Microbiology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, Leuven, Belgium
- Systems Biology of Host-Microbiome Interactions Laboratory, Principe Felipe Research Center (CIPF), Valencia, Spain
| | - Sara Vieira-Silva
- Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene and Research Center for Immunotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Mainz, Germany
| | - Janine Arts
- Oncology, Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Gwen Falony
- Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Microbiology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, Leuven, Belgium
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene and Research Center for Immunotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Evelien Dekker
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Joke Reumers
- Therapeutics Discovery, Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Sabine Tejpar
- Digestive Oncology, Department of Oncology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Raes
- Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
- Center for Microbiology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, Leuven, Belgium.
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Ren S, Feng L, Liu H, Mao Y, Yu Z. Gut microbiome affects the response to immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer. Thorac Cancer 2024; 15:1149-1163. [PMID: 38572783 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.15303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment. Recent studies have suggested that the efficacy of immunotherapy can be further enhanced by the influence of gut microbiota. In this study, we aimed to investigate the impact of bacteria on the effectiveness of cancer immunotherapy by combining analysis of clinical samples with validation in animal models. METHODS In order to characterize the diversity and composition of microbiota and its relationship with response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and GC-MS sequencing was performed on 71 stool samples from patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) prior to treatment with immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). Furthermore, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) was performed from different patients into mice and a subcutaneous tumor model established using the Lewis lung cancer cell line to evaluate the therapeutic effect of PD-1 on mice with varying gut microbiota. RESULTS The results demonstrated a significant association between elevated gut microbiota diversity and response to treatment with ICIs, p < 0.05. Faecalibacterium was markedly increased in the gut microbiota of responders (R), accompanied by increased short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) levels, especially butanoic acid, acetic acid and hexanoic acid, p < 0.05. Additionally, FMT from R and nonresponders (NR) could promote an anticancer effect and reduce the expression of Ki-67 cells in tumors in mice, p < 0.05. Moreover, R and NR FMT did not alter PD-L1 expression in the tumor tissues of mice, p > 0.05. The diversity of gut microbiota consistently correlated with an optimistic prognosis in NSCLC patients with immunotherapy, which could be functionally mediated by SCFAs. CONCLUSION The findings of the present study indicated that the diversity of gut microbiota and SCFAs is related to the efficacy of immunotherapy. FMT can effectively delay tumor progression, and enhance the effect of immunotherapy, thus providing evidence for improving the efficacy of immunotherapy in NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Ren
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lingxin Feng
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Haoran Liu
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuke Mao
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhuang Yu
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Liang G, Cao W, Tang D, Zhang H, Yu Y, Ding J, Karges J, Xiao H. Nanomedomics. ACS NANO 2024; 18:10979-11024. [PMID: 38635910 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c11154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Nanomaterials have attractive physicochemical properties. A variety of nanomaterials such as inorganic, lipid, polymers, and protein nanoparticles have been widely developed for nanomedicine via chemical conjugation or physical encapsulation of bioactive molecules. Superior to traditional drugs, nanomedicines offer high biocompatibility, good water solubility, long blood circulation times, and tumor-targeting properties. Capitalizing on this, several nanoformulations have already been clinically approved and many others are currently being studied in clinical trials. Despite their undoubtful success, the molecular mechanism of action of the vast majority of nanomedicines remains poorly understood. To tackle this limitation, herein, this review critically discusses the strategy of applying multiomics analysis to study the mechanism of action of nanomedicines, named nanomedomics, including advantages, applications, and future directions. A comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanism could provide valuable insight and therefore foster the development and clinical translation of nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganghao Liang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Wanqing Cao
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Dongsheng Tang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Hanchen Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yingjie Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Jianxun Ding
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Johannes Karges
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Haihua Xiao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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48
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Ahmad A, Mahmood N, Raza MA, Mushtaq Z, Saeed F, Afzaal M, Hussain M, Amjad HW, Al-Awadi HM. Gut microbiota and their derivatives in the progression of colorectal cancer: Mechanisms of action, genome and epigenome contributions. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29495. [PMID: 38655310 PMCID: PMC11035079 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota interacts with host epithelial cells and regulates many physiological functions such as genetics, epigenetics, metabolism of nutrients, and immune functions. Dietary factors may also be involved in the etiology of colorectal cancer (CRC), especially when an unhealthy diet is consumed with excess calorie intake and bad practices like smoking or consuming a great deal of alcohol. Bacteria including Fusobacterium nucleatum, Enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF), and Escherichia coli (E. coli) actively participate in the carcinogenesis of CRC. Gastrointestinal tract with chronic inflammation and immunocompromised patients are at high risk for CRC progression. Further, the gut microbiota is also involved in Geno-toxicity by producing toxins like colibactin and cytolethal distending toxin (CDT) which cause damage to double-stranded DNA. Specific microRNAs can act as either tumor suppressors or oncogenes depending on the cellular environment in which they are expressed. The current review mainly highlights the role of gut microbiota in CRC, the mechanisms of several factors in carcinogenesis, and the role of particular microbes in colorectal neoplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awais Ahmad
- Department of Food Science, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Nasir Mahmood
- Department of Zoology, University of Central Punjab Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ahtisham Raza
- Department of Food Science, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Zarina Mushtaq
- Department of Food Science, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Farhan Saeed
- Department of Food Science, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Afzaal
- Department of Food Science, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muzzamal Hussain
- Department of Food Science, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Wasiqe Amjad
- International Medical School, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, Jiangxi, China
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García-Bayona L, Said N, Coyne MJ, Flores K, Elmekki NM, Sheahan ML, Camacho AG, Hutt K, Yildiz FH, Kovács ÁT, Waldor MK, Comstock LE. A pervasive large conjugative plasmid mediates multispecies biofilm formation in the intestinal microbiota increasing resilience to perturbations. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.29.590671. [PMID: 38746121 PMCID: PMC11092513 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.29.590671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Although horizontal gene transfer is pervasive in the intestinal microbiota, we understand only superficially the roles of most exchanged genes and how the mobile repertoire affects community dynamics. Similarly, little is known about the mechanisms underlying the ability of a community to recover after a perturbation. Here, we identified and functionally characterized a large conjugative plasmid that is one of the most frequently transferred elements among Bacteroidales species and is ubiquitous in diverse human populations. This plasmid encodes both an extracellular polysaccharide and fimbriae, which promote the formation of multispecies biofilms in the mammalian gut. We use a hybridization-based approach to visualize biofilms in clarified whole colon tissue with unprecedented 3D spatial resolution. These biofilms increase bacterial survival to common stressors encountered in the gut, increasing strain resiliency, and providing a rationale for the plasmid's recent spread and high worldwide prevalence.
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50
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Chen Q, Huang X, Zhang H, Jiang X, Zeng X, Li W, Su H, Chen Y, Lin F, Li M, Gu X, Jin H, Wang R, Diao D, Wang W, Li J, Wei S, Zhang W, Liu W, Huang Z, Deng Y, Luo W, Liu Z, Zhang B. Characterization of tongue coating microbiome from patients with colorectal cancer. J Oral Microbiol 2024; 16:2344278. [PMID: 38686186 PMCID: PMC11057396 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2024.2344278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Tongue coating microbiota has aroused particular interest in profiling oral and digestive system cancers. However, little is known on the relationship between tongue coating microbiome and colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods Metagenomic shotgun sequencing was performed on tongue coating samples collected from 30 patients with CRC, 30 patients with colorectal polyps (CP), and 30 healthy controls (HC). We further validated the potential of the tongue coating microbiota to predict the CRC by a random forest model. Results We found a greater species diversity in CRC samples, and the nucleoside and nucleotide biosynthesis pathway was more apparent in the CRC group. Importantly, various species across participants jointly shaped three distinguishable fur types.The tongue coating microbiome profiling data gave an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.915 in discriminating CRC patients from control participants; species such as Atopobium rimae, Streptococcus sanguinis, and Prevotella oris aided differentiation of CRC patients from healthy participants. Conclusion These results elucidate the use of tongue coating microbiome in CRC patients firstly, and the fur-types observed contribute to a better understanding of the microbial community in human. Furthermore, the tongue coating microbiota-based biomarkers provide a valuable reference for CRC prediction and diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qubo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Biological Resource Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoting Huang
- Medical Research Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Haiyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuanting Jiang
- Department of Scientific Research, KMHD, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xuan Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Biological Resource Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wanhua Li
- Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hairong Su
- Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fengye Lin
- Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Man Li
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Biological Resource Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangyu Gu
- Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huihui Jin
- Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruohan Wang
- Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dechang Diao
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Colorectal surgery of Guangdong Provincial Hospital of TCM, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Gastrointestinal Surgery Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Gastrointestinal Surgery Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sufen Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weizheng Zhang
- Medical Laboratory, Guangzhou Cadre Health Management Center, Guangzhou No.11 People’s Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wofeng Liu
- Medical Laboratory, Guangzhou Cadre Health Management Center, Guangzhou No.11 People’s Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiping Huang
- Information Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yusheng Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Biological Resource Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Scientific Research, KMHD, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wen Luo
- Department of Scientific Research, KMHD, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zuofeng Liu
- Department of Scientific Research, KMHD, Shenzhen, China
| | - Beiping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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