1
|
Palecki J, Bhasin A, Bernstein A, Mille PJ, Tester WJ, Kelly WK, Zarrabi KK. T-Cell redirecting bispecific antibodies: a review of a novel class of immuno-oncology for advanced prostate cancer. Cancer Biol Ther 2024; 25:2356820. [PMID: 38801069 PMCID: PMC11135853 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2024.2356820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Novel T-cell immunotherapies such as bispecific T-cell engagers (BiTEs) are emerging as promising therapeutic strategies for prostate cancer. BiTEs are engineered bispecific antibodies containing two distinct binding domains that allow for concurrent binding to tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) as well as immune effector cells, thus promoting an immune response against cancer cells. Prostate cancer is rich in tumor associated antigens such as, but not limited to, PSMA, PSCA, hK2, and STEAP1 and there is strong biologic rationale for employment of T-cell redirecting BiTEs within the prostate cancer disease space. Early generation BiTE constructs employed in clinical study have demonstrated meaningful antitumor activity, but challenges related to drug delivery, immunogenicity, and treatment-associated adverse effects limited their success. The ongoing development of novel BiTE constructs continues to address these barriers and to yield promising results in terms of efficacy and safety. This review will highlight some of most recent developments of BiTE therapies for patients with advanced prostate cancer and the evolving data surrounding BiTE constructs undergoing clinical evaluation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Palecki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Amman Bhasin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Andrew Bernstein
- Department of Internal Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Patrick J. Mille
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - William J. Tester
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Wm. Kevin Kelly
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kevin K. Zarrabi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lefler DS, Manobianco SA, Bashir B. Immunotherapy resistance in solid tumors: mechanisms and potential solutions. Cancer Biol Ther 2024; 25:2315655. [PMID: 38389121 PMCID: PMC10896138 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2024.2315655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
While the emergence of immunotherapies has fundamentally altered the management of solid tumors, cancers exploit many complex biological mechanisms that result in resistance to these agents. These encompass a broad range of cellular activities - from modification of traditional paradigms of immunity via antigen presentation and immunoregulation to metabolic modifications and manipulation of the tumor microenvironment. Intervening on these intricate processes may provide clinical benefit in patients with solid tumors by overcoming resistance to immunotherapies, which is why it has become an area of tremendous research interest with practice-changing implications. This review details the major ways cancers avoid both natural immunity and immunotherapies through primary (innate) and secondary (acquired) mechanisms of resistance, and it considers available and emerging therapeutic approaches to overcoming immunotherapy resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S. Lefler
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Steven A. Manobianco
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Babar Bashir
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Miyahira AK, Kamran SC, Jamaspishvili T, Marshall CH, Maxwell KN, Parolia A, Zorko NA, Pienta KJ, Soule HR. Disrupting prostate cancer research: Challenge accepted; report from the 2023 Coffey-Holden Prostate Cancer Academy Meeting. Prostate 2024; 84:993-1015. [PMID: 38682886 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The 2023 Coffey-Holden Prostate Cancer Academy (CHPCA) Meeting, themed "Disrupting Prostate Cancer Research: Challenge Accepted," was convened at the University of California, Los Angeles, Luskin Conference Center, in Los Angeles, CA, from June 22 to 25, 2023. METHODS The 2023 marked the 10th Annual CHPCA Meeting, a discussion-oriented scientific think-tank conference convened annually by the Prostate Cancer Foundation, which centers on innovative and emerging research topics deemed pivotal for advancing critical unmet needs in prostate cancer research and clinical care. The 2023 CHPCA Meeting was attended by 81 academic investigators and included 40 talks across 8 sessions. RESULTS The central topic areas covered at the meeting included: targeting transcription factor neo-enhancesomes in cancer, AR as a pro-differentiation and oncogenic transcription factor, why few are cured with androgen deprivation therapy and how to change dogma to cure metastatic prostate cancer without castration, reducing prostate cancer morbidity and mortality with genetics, opportunities for radiation to enhance therapeutic benefit in oligometastatic prostate cancer, novel immunotherapeutic approaches, and the new era of artificial intelligence-driven precision medicine. DISCUSSION This article provides an overview of the scientific presentations delivered at the 2023 CHPCA Meeting, such that this knowledge can help in facilitating the advancement of prostate cancer research worldwide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea K Miyahira
- Science Department, Prostate Cancer Foundation, Santa Monica, California, USA
| | - Sophia C Kamran
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tamara Jamaspishvili
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Catherine H Marshall
- Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Kara N Maxwell
- Department of Medicine-Hematology/Oncology and Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Medicine Service, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Abhijit Parolia
- Department of Pathology, Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Nicholas A Zorko
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
- University of Minnesota Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Kenneth J Pienta
- The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Howard R Soule
- Science Department, Prostate Cancer Foundation, Santa Monica, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Taheri MM, Javan F, Poudineh M, Athari SS. CAR-NKT Cells in Asthma: Use of NKT as a Promising Cell for CAR Therapy. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2024:10.1007/s12016-024-08998-0. [PMID: 38995478 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-024-08998-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
NKT cells, unique lymphocytes bridging innate and adaptive immunity, offer significant potential for managing inflammatory disorders like asthma. Activating iNKT induces increasing IFN-γ, TGF-β, IL-2, and IL-10 potentially suppressing allergic asthma. However, their immunomodulatory effects, including granzyme-perforin-mediated cytotoxicity, and expression of TIM-3 and TRAIL warrant careful consideration and targeted approaches. Although CAR-T cell therapy has achieved remarkable success in treating certain cancers, its limitations necessitate exploring alternative approaches. In this context, CAR-NKT cells emerge as a promising approach for overcoming these challenges, potentially achieving safer and more effective immunotherapies. Strategies involve targeting distinct IgE-receptors and their interactions with CAR-NKT cells, potentially disrupting allergen-mast cell/basophil interactions and preventing inflammatory cytokine release. Additionally, targeting immune checkpoints like PDL-2, inducible ICOS, FASL, CTLA-4, and CD137 or dectin-1 for fungal asthma could further modulate immune responses. Furthermore, artificial intelligence and machine learning hold immense promise for revolutionizing NKT cell-based asthma therapy. AI can optimize CAR-NKT cell functionalities, design personalized treatment strategies, and unlock a future of precise and effective care. This review discusses various approaches to enhancing CAR-NKT cell efficacy and longevity, along with the challenges and opportunities they present in the treatment of allergic asthma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Fatemeh Javan
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mohadeseh Poudineh
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Seyyed Shamsadin Athari
- Cancer Gene therapy Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Huang X, Wu W, Qi H, Yan X, Dong L, Yang Y, Zhang Q, Ma G, Zhang G, Lei H. Exploitation of enhanced prime editing for blocking aberrant angiogenesis. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00272-8. [PMID: 38996967 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Aberrant angiogenesis plays an important part in the development of a variety of human diseases including proliferative diabetic retinopathy, with which there are still numerous patients remaining a therapeutically challenging condition. Prime editing (PE) is a versatile gene editing approach, which offers a novel opportunity to genetically correct challenging disorders. OBJECTIVES The goal of this study was to create a dominant-negative (DN) vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) 2 by editing genomic DNA with an advanced PE system to block aberrant retinal angiogenesis in a mouse model of oxygen-induced retinopathy. METHODS An advanced PE system (referred to as PE6x) was established within two lentiviral vectors, with one carrying an enhanced PE guide RNA and a canonical Cas9 nickase fused with an optimized reversal transcriptase, and the other conveying a nicking guide RNA and a DN-MLH1 to improve PE efficiency. Dual non-integrating lentiviruses (NILVs) produced with the two lentiviral PE6x vectors were then employed to create a mutation of VEGFR2 T17967A by editing the Mus musculus VEGFR2 locus in vitro and in vivo, leading to generation of a premature stop codon (TAG, K796stop) to produce DN-VEGFR2, to interfere with the wild type VEGFR2 which is essential for angiogenesis. RESULTS NILVs targeting VEGFR2 delivered into cultured murine vascular endothelial cells led to 51.06 % VEGFR2 T17967A in the genome analyzed by next generation sequencing and the production of DN-VEGFR2, which was found to hamper VEGF-induced VEGFR2 phosphorylation, as demonstrated by Western blot analysis. Intravitreally injection of the dual NILVs into postnatal day 12 mice in a model of oxygen-induced retinopathy, led to production of retinal DN-VEGFR2 in postnatal day 17 mice which blocked retinal VEGFR2 expression and activation as well as abnormal retinal angiogenesis without interfering with retinal structure and function, as assessed by electroretinography, optical coherence tomography, fundus fluorescein angiography and histology. CONCLUSION DN-VEGFR2 resulted from editing genomic VEGFR2 using the PE6x system can be harnessed to treat intraocular pathological angiogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xionggao Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Wenyi Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hui Qi
- Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen Eye Institute, Shenzhen, China; University, Haikou, China
| | - Xiaohe Yan
- Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen Eye Institute, Shenzhen, China; University, Haikou, China
| | - Lijun Dong
- Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen Eye Institute, Shenzhen, China; University, Haikou, China
| | - Yanhui Yang
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Common Infectious Diseases, the School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Gaoen Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.
| | - Guoming Zhang
- Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen Eye Institute, Shenzhen, China; University, Haikou, China.
| | - Hetian Lei
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ledergor G, Fan Z, Wu K, McCarthy E, Hyrenius-Wittsten A, Starzinski A, Chang H, Bridge M, Kwek S, Cheung A, Bylsma S, Hansen E, Wolf J, Wong S, Shah N, Roybal KT, Martin T, Ye CJ, Fong L. CD4+ CAR T-cell exhaustion associated with early relapse of multiple myeloma after BCMA CAR T-cell therapy. Blood Adv 2024; 8:3562-3575. [PMID: 38574299 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2023012416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Multiple myeloma is characterized by frequent clinical relapses after conventional therapy. Recently, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells targeting B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) has been established as a treatment option for patients with relapsed or refractory disease. However, although >70% of patients initially respond to this treatment, clinical relapse and disease progression occur in most cases. Recent studies showed persistent expression of BCMA at the time of relapse, indicating that immune-intrinsic mechanisms may contribute to this resistance. Although there were no preexisting T-cell features associated with clinical outcomes, we found that patients with a durable response to CAR T-cell treatment had greater persistence of their CAR T cells than patients with transient clinical responses. They also possessed a significantly higher proportion of CD8+ T-effector memory cells. In contrast, patients with short-lived responses to treatment have increased frequencies of cytotoxic CD4+ CAR T cells. These cells expand in vivo early after infusion but express exhaustion markers (hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 2 [HAVCR2] and T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing-3 [TIGIT]) and remain polyclonal. Finally, we demonstrate that nonclassical monocytes are enriched in the myeloma niche and may induce CAR T-cell dysfunction through mechanisms that include transforming growth factor β. These findings shed new light on the role of cytotoxic CD4+ T cells in disease progression after CAR T-cell therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guy Ledergor
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Zenghua Fan
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Kai Wu
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
- Immunotherapy Integrated Research Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Elizabeth McCarthy
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Axel Hyrenius-Wittsten
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Alec Starzinski
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Hewitt Chang
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Mark Bridge
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Serena Kwek
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Alexander Cheung
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Sophia Bylsma
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Erik Hansen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Jeffrey Wolf
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Sandy Wong
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Nina Shah
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Kole T Roybal
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA
| | - Thomas Martin
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Chun J Ye
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA
| | - Lawrence Fong
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
- Immunotherapy Integrated Research Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Pal SK, Tran B, Haanen JB, Hurwitz ME, Sacher A, Tannir NM, Budde LE, Harrison SJ, Klobuch S, Patel SS, Meza L, Dequeant ML, Ma A, He QA, Williams LM, Keegan A, Gurary EB, Dar H, Karnik S, Guo C, Heath H, Yuen RR, Morrow PK, Agarwal N, Srour SA. CD70-Targeted Allogeneic CAR T-Cell Therapy for Advanced Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Cancer Discov 2024; 14:1176-1189. [PMID: 38583184 PMCID: PMC11215406 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-24-0102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Therapeutic approaches for clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) remain limited; however, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapies may offer novel treatment options. CTX130, an allogeneic CD70-targeting CAR T-cell product, was developed for the treatment of advanced or refractory ccRCC. We report that CTX130 showed favorable preclinical proliferation and cytotoxicity profiles and completely regressed RCC xenograft tumors. We also report results from 16 patients with relapsed/refractory ccRCC who received CTX130 in a phase I, multicenter, first-in-human clinical trial. No patients encountered dose-limiting toxicity, and disease control was achieved in 81.3% of patients. One patient remains in a durable complete response at 3 years. Finally, we report on a next-generation CAR T construct, CTX131, in which synergistic potency edits to CTX130 confer improved expansion and efficacy in preclinical studies. These data represent a proof of concept for the treatment of ccRCC and other CD70+ malignancies with CD70- targeted allogeneic CAR T cells. Significance: Although the role of CAR T cells is well established in hematologic malignancies, the clinical experience in solid tumors has been disappointing. This clinical trial demonstrates the first complete response in a patient with RCC, reinforcing the potential benefit of CAR T cells in the treatment of solid tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sumanta K. Pal
- Department of Medical Oncology, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California.
| | - Ben Tran
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - John B.A.G. Haanen
- Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
- Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | | | - Adrian Sacher
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.
- Departments of Medicine and Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
| | - Nizar M. Tannir
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
| | - Lihua E. Budde
- Department of Medical Oncology, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California.
| | - Simon J. Harrison
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia.
| | | | - Sagar S. Patel
- Division of Hematology and Hematologic Malignancies, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.
| | - Luis Meza
- Department of Medical Oncology, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California.
| | | | - Anna Ma
- CRISPR Therapeutics, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | | | | | | | - Ellen B. Gurary
- Formerly employed by CRISPR Therapeutics, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Henia Dar
- CRISPR Therapeutics, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | | | - Changan Guo
- Formerly employed by CRISPR Therapeutics, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | | | | | - Phuong K. Morrow
- Formerly employed by CRISPR Therapeutics, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Neeraj Agarwal
- Division of Medical Oncology, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.
| | - Samer A. Srour
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Monje M, Mahdi J, Majzner R, Yeom K, Schultz LM, Richards RM, Barsan V, Song KW, Kamens J, Baggott C, Kunicki M, Lim AS, Reschke A, Mavroukakis S, Egeler E, Moon J, Patel S, Chinnasamy H, Erickson C, Jacobs A, Duh AK, Rietberg SP, Tunuguntla R, Klysz DD, Fowler C, Green S, Beebe B, Carr C, Fujimoto M, Brown AK, Petersen ALG, McIntyre C, Siddiqui A, Lepori-Bui N, Villar K, Pham K, Bove R, Musa E, Reynolds W, Kuo A, Prabhu S, Rasmussen L, Cornell TT, Partap S, Fisher PG, Campen CJ, Grant G, Prolo L, Ye X, Sahaf B, Davis KL, Feldman SA, Ramakrishna S, Mackall C. Sequential intravenous and intracerebroventricular GD2-CAR T-cell therapy for H3K27M-mutated diffuse midline gliomas. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.06.25.24309146. [PMID: 38978673 PMCID: PMC11230330 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.25.24309146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
H3K27M-mutant diffuse midline gliomas (DMGs) express high levels of the GD2 disialoganglioside and chimeric antigen receptor modified T-cells targeting GD2 (GD2-CART) eradicate DMGs in preclinical models. Arm A of the Phase I trial NCT04196413 administered one IV dose of autologous GD2-CART to patients with H3K27M-mutant pontine (DIPG) or spinal (sDMG) diffuse midline glioma at two dose levels (DL1=1e6/kg; DL2=3e6/kg) following lymphodepleting (LD) chemotherapy. Patients with clinical or imaging benefit were eligible for subsequent intracerebroventricular (ICV) GD2-CART infusions (10-30e6 GD2-CART). Primary objectives were manufacturing feasibility, tolerability, and identification of a maximally tolerated dose of IV GD2-CART. Secondary objectives included preliminary assessments of benefit. Thirteen patients enrolled and 11 received IV GD2-CART on study [n=3 DL1(3 DIPG); n=8 DL2(6 DIPG/2 sDMG). GD2-CART manufacturing was successful for all patients. No dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) occurred on DL1, but three patients experienced DLT on DL2 due to grade 4 cytokine release syndrome (CRS). Nine patients received ICV infusions, which were not associated with DLTs. All patients exhibited tumor inflammation-associated neurotoxicity (TIAN). Four patients demonstrated major volumetric tumor reductions (52%, 54%, 91% and 100%). One patient exhibited a complete response ongoing for >30 months since enrollment. Eight patients demonstrated neurological benefit based upon a protocol-directed Clinical Improvement Score. Sequential IV followed by ICV GD2-CART induced tumor regressions and neurological improvements in patients with DIPG and sDMG. DL1 was established as the maximally tolerated IV GD2-CART dose. Neurotoxicity was safely managed with intensive monitoring and close adherence to a management algorithm.
Collapse
|
9
|
Porter LH, Harrison SG, Risbridger GP, Lister N, Taylor RA. Left out in the cold: Moving beyond hormonal therapy for the treatment of immunologically cold prostate cancer with CAR T cell immunotherapies. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2024; 243:106571. [PMID: 38909866 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2024.106571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is primarily hormone-dependent, and medical treatments have focused on inhibiting androgen biosynthesis or signaling through various approaches. Despite significant advances with the introduction of androgen receptor signalling inhibitors (ARSIs), patients continue to progress to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), highlighting the need for targeted therapies that extend beyond hormonal blockade. Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T cells and other engineered immune cells represent a new generation of adoptive cellular therapies. While these therapies have significantly enhanced outcomes for patients with hematological malignancies, ongoing research is exploring the broader use of CAR T therapy in solid tumors, including advanced prostate cancer. In general, CAR T cell therapies are less effective against solid cancers with the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment hindering T cell infiltration, activation and cytotoxicity following antigen recognition. In addition, inherent tumor heterogeneity exists in patients with advanced prostate cancer that may prevent durable therapeutic responses using single-target agents. These barriers must be overcome to inform clinical trial design and improve treatment efficacy. In this review, we discuss the innovative and rationally designed strategies under investigation to improve the clinical translation of cellular immunotherapy in prostate cancer and maximise therapeutic outcomes for these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L H Porter
- Prostate Cancer Research Group, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Cancer Program, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - S G Harrison
- Prostate Cancer Research Group, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Cancer Program, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - G P Risbridger
- Prostate Cancer Research Group, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Cancer Program, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; Cancer Immunology Program, Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; Cabrini Institute, Cabrini Health, Malvern, VIC 3144, Australia
| | - Natalie Lister
- Prostate Cancer Research Group, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Cancer Program, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - R A Taylor
- Cancer Immunology Program, Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; Cabrini Institute, Cabrini Health, Malvern, VIC 3144, Australia; Prostate Cancer Research Group, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Cancer Program, Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Schlegel LS, Werbrouck C, Boettcher M, Schlegel P. Universal CAR 2.0 to overcome current limitations in CAR therapy. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1383894. [PMID: 38962014 PMCID: PMC11219820 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1383894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has effectively complemented the treatment of advanced relapsed and refractory hematological cancers. The remarkable achievements of CD19- and BCMA-CAR T therapies have raised high expectations within the fields of hematology and oncology. These groundbreaking successes are propelling a collective aspiration to extend the reach of CAR therapies beyond B-lineage malignancies. Advanced CAR technologies have created a momentum to surmount the limitations of conventional CAR concepts. Most importantly, innovations that enable combinatorial targeting to address target antigen heterogeneity, using versatile adapter CAR concepts in conjunction with recent transformative next-generation CAR design, offer the promise to overcome both the bottleneck associated with CAR manufacturing and patient-individualized treatment regimens. In this comprehensive review, we delineate the fundamental prerequisites, navigate through pivotal challenges, and elucidate strategic approaches, all aimed at paving the way for the future establishment of multitargeted immunotherapies using universal CAR technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lara Sophie Schlegel
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Coralie Werbrouck
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Michael Boettcher
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Patrick Schlegel
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Westmead Children’s Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Li X, Li W, Xu L, Song Y. Chimeric antigen receptor-immune cells against solid tumors: Structures, mechanisms, recent advances, and future developments. Chin Med J (Engl) 2024; 137:1285-1302. [PMID: 37640679 PMCID: PMC11191032 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT The advent of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell immunotherapies has led to breakthroughs in the treatment of hematological malignancies. However, their success in treating solid tumors has been limited. CAR-natural killer (NK) cells have several advantages over CAR-T cells because NK cells can be made from pre-existing cell lines or allogeneic NK cells with a mismatched major histocompatibility complex (MHC), which means they are more likely to become an "off-the-shelf" product. Moreover, they can kill cancer cells via CAR-dependent/independent pathways and have limited toxicity. Macrophages are the most malleable immune cells in the body. These cells can efficiently infiltrate into tumors and are present in large numbers in tumor microenvironments (TMEs). Importantly, CAR-macrophages (CAR-Ms) have recently yielded exciting preclinical results in several solid tumors. Nevertheless, CAR-T, CAR-NK, and CAR-M all have their own advantages and limitations. In this review, we systematically discuss the current status, progress, and the major hurdles of CAR-T cells, CAR-NK cells, and CAR-M as they relate to five aspects: CAR structure, therapeutic mechanisms, the latest research progress, current challenges and solutions, and comparison according to the existing research in order to provide a reasonable option for treating solid tumors in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Li
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, China
- Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Linping Xu
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, China
| | - Yongping Song
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, China
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Hegde M, Navai S, DeRenzo C, Joseph SK, Sanber K, Wu M, Gad AZ, Janeway KA, Campbell M, Mullikin D, Nawas Z, Robertson C, Mathew PR, Zhang H, Mehta B, Bhat RR, Major A, Shree A, Gerken C, Kalra M, Chakraborty R, Thakkar SG, Dakhova O, Salsman VS, Grilley B, Lapteva N, Gee A, Dotti G, Bao R, Salem AH, Wang T, Brenner MK, Heslop HE, Wels WS, Hicks MJ, Gottschalk S, Ahmed N. Autologous HER2-specific CAR T cells after lymphodepletion for advanced sarcoma: a phase 1 trial. NATURE CANCER 2024; 5:880-894. [PMID: 38658775 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-024-00749-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
In this prospective, interventional phase 1 study for individuals with advanced sarcoma, we infused autologous HER2-specific chimeric antigen receptor T cells (HER2 CAR T cells) after lymphodepletion with fludarabine (Flu) ± cyclophosphamide (Cy): 1 × 108 T cells per m2 after Flu (cohort A) or Flu/Cy (cohort B) and 1 × 108 CAR+ T cells per m2 after Flu/Cy (cohort C). The primary outcome was assessment of safety of one dose of HER2 CAR T cells after lymphodepletion. Determination of antitumor responses was the secondary outcome. Thirteen individuals were treated in 14 enrollments, and seven received multiple infusions. HER2 CAR T cells expanded after 19 of 21 infusions. Nine of 12 individuals in cohorts A and B developed grade 1-2 cytokine release syndrome. Two individuals in cohort C experienced dose-limiting toxicity with grade 3-4 cytokine release syndrome. Antitumor activity was observed with clinical benefit in 50% of individuals treated. The tumor samples analyzed showed spatial heterogeneity of immune cells and clustering by sarcoma type and by treatment response. Our results affirm HER2 as a CAR T cell target and demonstrate the safety of this therapeutic approach in sarcoma. ClinicalTrials.gov registration: NCT00902044 .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Hegde
- Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston Methodist Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Shoba Navai
- Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston Methodist Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Christopher DeRenzo
- Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston Methodist Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Sujith K Joseph
- Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston Methodist Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Khaled Sanber
- Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston Methodist Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mengfen Wu
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ahmed Z Gad
- Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston Methodist Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Interdepartmental Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Katherine A Janeway
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matthew Campbell
- Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston Methodist Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Dolores Mullikin
- Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston Methodist Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Zeid Nawas
- Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston Methodist Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Catherine Robertson
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston Methodist Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Pretty R Mathew
- Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston Methodist Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Huimin Zhang
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston Methodist Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Birju Mehta
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston Methodist Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Raksha R Bhat
- Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston Methodist Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Angela Major
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ankita Shree
- Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston Methodist Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Claudia Gerken
- Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston Methodist Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mamta Kalra
- Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston Methodist Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rikhia Chakraborty
- Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sachin G Thakkar
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston Methodist Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Olga Dakhova
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston Methodist Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Vita S Salsman
- Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston Methodist Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bambi Grilley
- Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston Methodist Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Natalia Lapteva
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston Methodist Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Adrian Gee
- Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston Methodist Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Gianpietro Dotti
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Riyue Bao
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Tao Wang
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Malcolm K Brenner
- Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston Methodist Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Helen E Heslop
- Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston Methodist Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Winfried S Wels
- Georg-Speyer-Haus, Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Frankfurt, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Frankfurt/Mainz, Frankfurt, Germany
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - M John Hicks
- Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Stephen Gottschalk
- Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston Methodist Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Nabil Ahmed
- Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston Methodist Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Dorff TB, Blanchard MS, Adkins LN, Luebbert L, Leggett N, Shishido SN, Macias A, Del Real MM, Dhapola G, Egelston C, Murad JP, Rosa R, Paul J, Chaudhry A, Martirosyan H, Gerdts E, Wagner JR, Stiller T, Tilakawardane D, Pal S, Martinez C, Reiter RE, Budde LE, D'Apuzzo M, Kuhn P, Pachter L, Forman SJ, Priceman SJ. PSCA-CAR T cell therapy in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: a phase 1 trial. Nat Med 2024; 30:1636-1644. [PMID: 38867077 PMCID: PMC11186768 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-024-02979-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Despite recent therapeutic advances, metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) remains lethal. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapies have demonstrated durable remissions in hematological malignancies. We report results from a phase 1, first-in-human study of prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA)-directed CAR T cells in men with mCRPC. The starting dose level (DL) was 100 million (M) CAR T cells without lymphodepletion (LD), followed by incorporation of LD. The primary end points were safety and dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs). No DLTs were observed at DL1, with a DLT of grade 3 cystitis encountered at DL2, resulting in addition of a new cohort using a reduced LD regimen + 100 M CAR T cells (DL3). No DLTs were observed in DL3. Cytokine release syndrome of grade 1 or 2 occurred in 5 of 14 treated patients. Prostate-specific antigen declines (>30%) occurred in 4 of 14 patients, as well as radiographic improvements. Dynamic changes indicating activation of peripheral blood endogenous and CAR T cell subsets, TCR repertoire diversity and changes in the tumor immune microenvironment were observed in a subset of patients. Limited persistence of CAR T cells was observed beyond 28 days post-infusion. These results support future clinical studies to optimize dosing and combination strategies to improve durable therapeutic outcomes. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT03873805 .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tanya B Dorff
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA.
| | - M Suzette Blanchard
- Department of Computational and Quantitative Medicine, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Lauren N Adkins
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Laura Luebbert
- Departments of Mathematics and Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Neena Leggett
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Stephanie N Shishido
- Michelson Center for Convergent Bioscience, Convergent Science Institute in Cancer, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Alan Macias
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Marissa M Del Real
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Gaurav Dhapola
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Colt Egelston
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - John P Murad
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Reginaldo Rosa
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Jinny Paul
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | | | - Hripsime Martirosyan
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Ethan Gerdts
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Jamie R Wagner
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Tracey Stiller
- Department of Computational and Quantitative Medicine, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Dileshni Tilakawardane
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Sumanta Pal
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Catalina Martinez
- Department of Clinical and Translational Project Development, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Robert E Reiter
- Department of Urology, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lihua E Budde
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | | | - Peter Kuhn
- Michelson Center for Convergent Bioscience, Convergent Science Institute in Cancer, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lior Pachter
- Departments of Mathematics and Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Stephen J Forman
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Saul J Priceman
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA.
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wang L, Zhang L, Dunmall LC, Wang YY, Fan Z, Cheng Z, Wang Y. The dilemmas and possible solutions for CAR-T cell therapy application in solid tumors. Cancer Lett 2024; 591:216871. [PMID: 38604310 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy, as an adoptive immunotherapy, is playing an increasingly important role in the treatment of malignant tumors. CAR-T cells are referred to as "living drugs" as they not only target tumor cells directly, but also induce long-term immune memory that has the potential to provide long-lasting protection. CD19.CAR-T cells have achieved complete response rates of over 90 % for acute lymphoblastic leukemia and over 60 % for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. However, the response rate of CAR-T cells in the treatment of solid tumors remains extremely low and the side effects potentially severe. In this review, we discuss the limitations that the solid tumor microenvironment poses for CAR-T application and the solutions that are being developed to address these limitations, in the hope that in the near future, CAR-T cell therapy for solid tumors can attain the same success rates as are now being seen clinically for hematological malignancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Wang
- Department of Oncology, Air Force Medical Center, PLA, Beijing, China; National Centre for International Research in Cell and Gene Therapy, Sino British Research Centre for Molecular Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lufang Zhang
- National Centre for International Research in Cell and Gene Therapy, Sino British Research Centre for Molecular Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Louisa Chard Dunmall
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers & Biotherapeutics, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yang Yang Wang
- Department of General Pediatrics, Newham General Hospital, E13 8SL, London, United Kingdom
| | - Zaiwen Fan
- Department of Oncology, Air Force Medical Center, PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenguo Cheng
- National Centre for International Research in Cell and Gene Therapy, Sino British Research Centre for Molecular Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yaohe Wang
- National Centre for International Research in Cell and Gene Therapy, Sino British Research Centre for Molecular Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Centre for Cancer Biomarkers & Biotherapeutics, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Talleur AC, Fabrizio VA, Aplenc R, Grupp SA, Mackall C, Majzner R, Nguyen R, Rouce R, Moskop A, McNerney KO. INSPIRED Symposium Part 5: Expanding the Use of CAR T Cells in Children and Young Adults. Transplant Cell Ther 2024; 30:565-579. [PMID: 38588880 PMCID: PMC11139555 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtct.2024.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has demonstrated remarkable efficacy in relapsed/refractory (r/r) B cell malignancies, including in pediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Expanding this success to other hematologic and solid malignancies is an area of active research and, although challenges remain, novel solutions have led to significant progress over the past decade. Ongoing clinical trials for CAR T cell therapy for T cell malignancies and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have highlighted challenges, including antigen specificity with off-tumor toxicity and persistence concerns. In T cell malignancies, notable challenges include CAR T cell fratricide and prolonged T cell aplasia, which are being addressed with strategies such as gene editing and suicide switch technologies. In AML, antigen identification remains a significant barrier, due to shared antigens across healthy hematopoietic progenitor cells and myeloid blasts. Strategies to limit persistence and circumvent the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) created by AML are also being explored. CAR T cell therapies for central nervous system and solid tumors have several challenges, including tumor antigen heterogeneity, immunosuppressive and hypoxic TME, and potential for off-target toxicity. Numerous CAR T cell products have been designed to overcome these challenges, including "armored" CARs and CAR/T cell receptor (TCR) hybrids. Strategies to enhance CAR T cell delivery, augment CAR T cell performance in the TME, and ensure the safety of these products have shown promising results. In this manuscript, we will review the available evidence for CAR T cell use in T cell malignancies, AML, central nervous system (CNS), and non-CNS solid tumor malignancies, and recommend areas for future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aimee C Talleur
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee.
| | - Vanessa A Fabrizio
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, and Blood and Marrow Transplant, Children's Hospital Colorado/University of Colorado Anschutz, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Richard Aplenc
- Division of Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Stephan A Grupp
- Division of Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Crystal Mackall
- Department of Pediatrics, Department of Medicine, Center for Cancer Cell Therapy, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | | | - Rosa Nguyen
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Rayne Rouce
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas
| | - Amy Moskop
- Division of Hematology/Oncology/Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin and Children's Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Kevin O McNerney
- Division of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Haanen J, Los C, Phan GQ, Betof Warner A. Adoptive Cell Therapy for Solid Tumors: Current Status in Melanoma and Next-Generation Therapies. Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book 2024; 44:e431608. [PMID: 38776509 DOI: 10.1200/edbk_431608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Lifileucel or TIL has recently been FDA approved for metastatic melanoma patients as first cell therapy for a solid tumor. We discuss roll-out of TIL as new SOC and other upcoming new cell therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John Haanen
- Division of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Division of Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Christy Los
- Division of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Giao Q Phan
- Division of Surgical Oncology, UConn Health, Neag Cancer Center, Farmington, CT
| | - Allison Betof Warner
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhang G, Wang Y, Lu S, Ding F, Wang X, Zhu C, Wang Y, Wang K. Molecular understanding and clinical outcomes of CAR T cell therapy in the treatment of urological tumors. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:359. [PMID: 38789450 PMCID: PMC11126652 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06734-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor engineered T (CAR T) cell therapy has developed rapidly in recent years, leading to profound developments in oncology, especially for hematologic malignancies. However, given the pressure of immunosuppressive tumor microenvironments, antigen escape, and diverse other factors, its application in solid tumors is less developed. Urinary system tumors are relatively common, accounting for approximately 24% of all new cancers in the United States. CAR T cells have great potential for urinary system tumors. This review summarizes the latest developments of CAR T cell therapy in urinary system tumors, including kidney cancer, bladder cancer, and prostate cancer, and also outlines the various CAR T cell generations and their pathways and targets that have been developed thus far. Finally, the current advantages, problems, and side effects of CAR T cell therapy are discussed in depth, and potential future developments are proposed in view of current shortcomings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gong Zhang
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Shiyang Lu
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Fengzhu Ding
- Department of Nursing, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Xia Wang
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Chunming Zhu
- Department of Family Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China.
| | - Yibing Wang
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China.
| | - Kefeng Wang
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Elmarasi M, Elkonaissi I, Elsabagh AA, Elsayed E, Elsayed A, Elsayed B, Elmakaty I, Yassin M. CAR-T cell therapy: Efficacy in management of cancers, adverse effects, dose-limiting toxicities and long-term follow up. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 135:112312. [PMID: 38788449 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy has emerged as a groundbreaking and highly promising approach for the management of cancer. This paper reviews the efficacy of CAR-T therapy in the treatment of various hematological malignancies, also, with a mention of its effect on solid tumors, for which they have not received FDA approval yet. Different common and uncommon side effects are also discussed in this paper, with attention to the effect of each drug separately. By reviewing the recommendations of the FDA for CAR-T therapy research, we have extensively discussed dose-limiting toxicities. This further highlights the need for precise dosing strategies, striking a balance between therapeutic benefits and potential risks. Additionally, we reviewed the long-term follow-up of patients receiving CAR-T therapy to gain valuable insights into response durability and late-onset effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Elmarasi
- Department of Medical Education, Hamad Medical Corporation, P.O. Box 3050, Doha, Qatar
| | - Islam Elkonaissi
- Department of Hematology, Sheikh Shakhbout Medical City, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ahmed Adel Elsabagh
- Department of Medical Education, Hamad Medical Corporation, P.O. Box 3050, Doha, Qatar
| | - Engy Elsayed
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Abdelrahman Elsayed
- Department of Medical Education, Hamad Medical Corporation, P.O. Box 3050, Doha, Qatar
| | - Basant Elsayed
- Department of Medical Education, Hamad Medical Corporation, P.O. Box 3050, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ibrahim Elmakaty
- Department of Medical Education, Hamad Medical Corporation, P.O. Box 3050, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Mohamed Yassin
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar; Hematology Section, Medical Oncology, National Center for Cancer Care and Research (NCCCR), Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC), P.O. Box 3050, Doha, Qatar.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Lin H, Li C, Zhang W, Wu B, Wang Y, Wang S, Wang D, Li X, Huang H. Synthetic Cells and Molecules in Cellular Immunotherapy. Int J Biol Sci 2024; 20:2833-2859. [PMID: 38904025 PMCID: PMC11186374 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.94346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Cellular immunotherapy has emerged as an exciting strategy for cancer treatment, as it aims to enhance the body's immune response to tumor cells by engineering immune cells and designing synthetic molecules from scratch. Because of the cytotoxic nature, abundance in peripheral blood, and maturation of genetic engineering techniques, T cells have become the most commonly engineered immune cells to date. Represented by chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T therapy, T cell-based immunotherapy has revolutionized the clinical treatment of hematological malignancies. However, serious side effects and limited efficacy in solid tumors have hindered the clinical application of cellular immunotherapy. To address these limitations, various innovative strategies regarding synthetic cells and molecules have been developed. On one hand, some cytotoxic immune cells other than T cells have been engineered to explore the potential of targeted elimination of tumor cells, while some adjuvant cells have also been engineered to enhance the therapeutic effect. On the other hand, diverse synthetic cellular components and molecules are added to engineered immune cells to regulate their functions, promoting cytotoxic activity and restricting side effects. Moreover, novel bioactive materials such as hydrogels facilitating the delivery of therapeutic immune cells have also been applied to improve the efficacy of cellular immunotherapy. This review summarizes the innovative strategies of synthetic cells and molecules currently available in cellular immunotherapies, discusses the limitations, and provides insights into the next generation of cellular immunotherapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haikun Lin
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of The First Affiliated Hospital & Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Haining, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Research Center for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Haining, China
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Haining, China
| | - Chentao Li
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Haining, China
- Bioscience and Biomedical Engineering Thrust, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China
| | - Wanying Zhang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of The First Affiliated Hospital & Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Haining, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Research Center for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Haining, China
| | - Boxiang Wu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of The First Affiliated Hospital & Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Haining, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Research Center for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Haining, China
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Haining, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of The First Affiliated Hospital & Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Haining, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Research Center for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Haining, China
| | - Shimin Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongrui Wang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of The First Affiliated Hospital & Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Haining, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Research Center for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Haining, China
| | - Xia Li
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of The First Affiliated Hospital & Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Haining, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Research Center for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Haining, China
| | - He Huang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of The First Affiliated Hospital & Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Haining, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Research Center for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Haining, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Chen K, Liu ML, Wang JC, Fang S. CAR-macrophage versus CAR-T for solid tumors: The race between a rising star and a superstar. BIOMOLECULES & BIOMEDICINE 2024; 24:465-476. [PMID: 37877819 PMCID: PMC11088881 DOI: 10.17305/bb.2023.9675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) has been demonstrated to be one of the most promising cancer immunotherapy strategies due to its active antitumor capabilities in vivo. Engineering T cells to overexpress chimeric antigen receptors (CARs), for example, has shown potent efficacy in the therapy of some hematologic malignancies. However, the efficacy of chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapy against solid tumors is still limited due to the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) of solid tumors, difficulty in infiltrating tumor sites, lack of tumor-specific antigens, antigen escape, and severe side effects. In contrast, macrophages expressing CARs (CAR-macrophages) have emerged as another promising candidate in immunotherapy, particularly for solid tumors. Now at its nascent stage (with only one clinical trial progressing), CAR-macrophage still shows inspiring potential advantages over CAR-T in treating solid tumors, including more abundant antitumor mechanisms and better infiltration into tumors. In this review, we discuss the relationships and differences between CAR-T and CAR-macrophage therapies in terms of their CAR structures, antitumor mechanisms, challenges faced in treating solid tumors, and insights gleaned from clinical trials and practice for solid tumors. We especially highlight the potential advantages of CAR-macrophage therapy over CAR-T for solid tumors. Understanding these relationships and differences provides new insight into possible optimization strategies of both these two therapies in solid tumor treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Chen
- School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Min-ling Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jian-cheng Wang
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shuo Fang
- Department of Oncology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Lew-Derivry L, Lamrani L, Alcantara M, Alanio C. [Optimizing efficacy and security of CAR-T cells, and immune monitoring]. Med Sci (Paris) 2024; 40:445-453. [PMID: 38819280 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/2024058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The immune system plays a critical role in the control and eradication of tumors. A better understanding of the anti-tumor immune mechanisms over the last decade has led to the development of immunotherapies, including cellular therapies such as those using CAR-T cells. These therapies have been remarkably effective in hematological malignancies. However, their application to solid tumors requires some optimization. Many efforts are being made in this regard, both to increase the efficacy of CAR-T cells, and to make them more secure. For the former goal, there is a need for the identification of new targets, better activation strategies, or arming T cells in a way that makes them able to overcome intra-tumoral barriers. For the latter goal, dose adjustment, locoregional administration or use of suicide genes are currently investigated as ways to mitigate the risks of this therapy. Together, these adjustments will permit larger applicability of CAR-T cells, in anti-tumor immunity, but also in the context of auto-immune diseases or fibrolytic therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucille Lew-Derivry
- AP-HP, service d'oncologie et d'hématologie pédiatrique, Hôpital A. Trousseau, Paris, France - Institut Curie, PSL University, Inserm U932, Immunité et cancer, Paris, France - Laboratoire d'immunologie clinique et d'immunomonitoring, Institut Curie, Paris, France - CellAction, Institut Curie, Suresnes, France
| | - Lamia Lamrani
- Institut Curie, PSL University, Inserm U932, Immunité et cancer, Paris, France - Laboratoire d'immunologie clinique et d'immunomonitoring, Institut Curie, Paris, France - CellAction, Institut Curie, Suresnes, France
| | | | - Cécile Alanio
- Institut Curie, PSL University, Inserm U932, Immunité et cancer, Paris, France - Laboratoire d'immunologie clinique et d'immunomonitoring, Institut Curie, Paris, France - CellAction, Institut Curie, Suresnes, France
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Mai Z, Lin Y, Lin P, Zhao X, Cui L. Modulating extracellular matrix stiffness: a strategic approach to boost cancer immunotherapy. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:307. [PMID: 38693104 PMCID: PMC11063215 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06697-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
The interplay between extracellular matrix (ECM) stiffness and the tumor microenvironment is increasingly recognized as a critical factor in cancer progression and the efficacy of immunotherapy. This review comprehensively discusses the key factors regulating ECM remodeling, including the activation of cancer-associated fibroblasts and the accumulation and crosslinking of ECM proteins. Furthermore, it provides a detailed exploration of how ECM stiffness influences the behaviors of both tumor and immune cells. Significantly, the impact of ECM stiffness on the response to various immunotherapy strategies, such as immune checkpoint blockade, adoptive cell therapy, oncolytic virus therapy, and therapeutic cancer vaccines, is thoroughly examined. The review also addresses the challenges in translating research findings into clinical practice, highlighting the need for more precise biomaterials that accurately mimic the ECM and the development of novel therapeutic strategies. The insights offered aim to guide future research, with the potential to enhance the effectiveness of cancer immunotherapy modalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zizhao Mai
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, Guangdong, China
| | - Yunfan Lin
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, Guangdong, China
| | - Pei Lin
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinyuan Zhao
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, Guangdong, China.
| | - Li Cui
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, Guangdong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Li X, Zhu Y, Yi J, Deng Y, Lei B, Ren H. Adoptive cell immunotherapy for breast cancer: harnessing the power of immune cells. J Leukoc Biol 2024; 115:866-881. [PMID: 37949484 DOI: 10.1093/jleuko/qiad144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most prevalent malignant neoplasm worldwide, necessitating the development of novel therapeutic strategies owing to the limitations posed by conventional treatment modalities. Immunotherapy is an innovative approach that has demonstrated significant efficacy in modulating a patient's innate immune system to combat tumor cells. In the era of precision medicine, adoptive immunotherapy for breast cancer has garnered widespread attention as an emerging treatment strategy, primarily encompassing cellular therapies such as tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte therapy, chimeric antigen receptor T/natural killer/M cell therapy, T cell receptor gene-engineered T cell therapy, lymphokine-activated killer cell therapy, cytokine-induced killer cell therapy, natural killer cell therapy, and γδ T cell therapy, among others. This treatment paradigm is based on the principles of immune memory and antigen specificity, involving the collection, processing, and expansion of the patient's immune cells, followed by their reintroduction into the patient's body to activate the immune system and prevent tumor recurrence and metastasis. Currently, multiple clinical trials are assessing the feasibility, effectiveness, and safety of adoptive immunotherapy in breast cancer. However, this therapeutic approach faces challenges associated with tumor heterogeneity, immune evasion, and treatment safety. This review comprehensively summarizes the latest advancements in adoptive immunotherapy for breast cancer and discusses future research directions and prospects, offering valuable guidance and insights into breast cancer immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, Harbin 150076, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yunan Zhu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, Harbin 150076, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jinfeng Yi
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yuhan Deng
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, Harbin 150076, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Bo Lei
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, Harbin 150076, Heilongjiang, China
| | - He Ren
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, Harbin 150076, Heilongjiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Amorós-Pérez B, Rivas-Pardo B, Gómez del Moral M, Subiza JL, Martínez-Naves E. State of the Art in CAR-T Cell Therapy for Solid Tumors: Is There a Sweeter Future? Cells 2024; 13:725. [PMID: 38727261 PMCID: PMC11083689 DOI: 10.3390/cells13090725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy has proven to be a powerful treatment for hematological malignancies. The situation is very different in the case of solid tumors, for which no CAR-T-based therapy has yet been approved. There are many factors contributing to the absence of response in solid tumors to CAR-T cells, such as the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), T cell exhaustion, or the lack of suitable antigen targets, which should have a stable and specific expression on tumor cells. Strategies being developed to improve CAR-T-based therapy for solid tumors include the use of new-generation CARs such as TRUCKs or bi-specific CARs, the combination of CAR therapy with chemo- or radiotherapy, the use of checkpoint inhibitors, and the use of oncolytic viruses. Furthermore, despite the scarcity of targets, a growing number of phase I/II clinical trials are exploring new solid-tumor-associated antigens. Most of these antigens are of a protein nature; however, there is a clear potential in identifying carbohydrate-type antigens associated with tumors, or carbohydrate and proteoglycan antigens that emerge because of aberrant glycosylations occurring in the context of tumor transformation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Amorós-Pérez
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ORL, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense of Madrid (UCM), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (B.A.-P.); (B.R.-P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28041 Madrid, Spain
- Inmunotek S.L., 28805 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Benigno Rivas-Pardo
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ORL, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense of Madrid (UCM), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (B.A.-P.); (B.R.-P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Gómez del Moral
- Department of Cellular Biology, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense of Madrid (UCM), 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | | | - Eduardo Martínez-Naves
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ORL, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense of Madrid (UCM), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (B.A.-P.); (B.R.-P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28041 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Yuan G, Ye M, Zhang Y, Zeng X. Challenges and strategies in relation to effective CAR-T cell immunotherapy for solid tumors. Med Oncol 2024; 41:126. [PMID: 38652178 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-024-02310-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Chimeric Antigen Receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapy has revolutionized cancer treatment, but its application to solid tumors is limited. CAR-T cells have poor incapability of entering, surviving, proliferating, and finally exerting function in the tumor microenvironment. This review summarizes the main strategies related to enhancing the infiltration, efficacy, antigen recognition, and production of CAR-T in solid tumors. Additional applications of CAR-γδ T and macrophages are also discussed. We believe CAR-T will be a milestone in treating solid tumors once these problems are solved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guangxun Yuan
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Mengke Ye
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Yixi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
| | - Xun Zeng
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Xu J, Zhang W, Tong J, Liu C, Zhang Q, Cao L, Yu J, Zhou A, Ma J. A phase I trial of autologous RAK cell immunotherapy in metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2024; 73:107. [PMID: 38642109 PMCID: PMC11032301 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-024-03680-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) remains a challenge worldwide. Here, we introduced a phase I trial of autologous RAK cell therapy in patients with mRCC whose cancers progressed after prior systemic therapy. Although RAK cells have been used in clinic for many years, there has been no dose-escalation study to demonstrate its safety and efficacy. METHODS We conducted a phase I trial with a 3 + 3 dose-escalation design to investigate the dose-related safety and efficacy of RAK cells in patients with mRCC whose cancers have failed to response to systemic therapy (ChiCTR1900021334). RESULTS Autologous RAK cells, primarily composed of CD8+ T and NKT cells, were infused intravenously to patients at a dose of 5 × 109, 1 × 1010 or 1.5 × 1010 cells every 28 days per cycle. Our study demonstrated general safety of RAK cells in a total of 12 patients. Four patients (33.3%) showed tumor shrinkage, two of them achieved durable partial responses. Peripheral blood analysis showed a significant increase in absolute counts of CD3+ and CD8+ T cells after infusion, with a greater fold change observed in naive CD8+ T cells (CD8+CD45RA+). Higher peak values of IL-2 and IFN-γ were observed in responders after RAK infusion. CONCLUSION This study suggests that autologous RAK cell immunotherapy is safe and has clinical activity in previously treated mRCC patients. The improvement in peripheral blood immune profiling after RAK cell infusion highlights its potential as a cancer treatment. Further investigation is necessary to understand its clinical utility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xu
- Center of Biotherapy, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinlian Tong
- Center of Biotherapy, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Caixia Liu
- Center of Biotherapy, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Qiaohui Zhang
- Clinical Department, Everbright Cell Medical Biotech Inc., Beijing, 100061, People's Republic of China
| | - Liren Cao
- Clinical Department, Everbright Cell Medical Biotech Inc., Beijing, 100061, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangyong Yu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Aiping Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jie Ma
- Center of Biotherapy, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Hu C, Chen Q, Wu T, Du X, Dong Y, Peng Z, Xue W, Sunkara V, Cho YK, Dong L. The Role of Extracellular Vesicles in the Treatment of Prostate Cancer. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2311071. [PMID: 38639331 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202311071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) has become a public health concern in elderly men due to an ever-increasing number of estimated cases. Unfortunately, the available treatments are unsatisfactory because of a lack of a durable response, especially in advanced disease states. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid-bilayer encircled nanoscale vesicles that carry numerous biomolecules (e.g., nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids), mediating the transfer of information. The past decade has witnessed a wide range of EV applications in both diagnostics and therapeutics. First, EV-based non-invasive liquid biopsies provide biomarkers in various clinical scenarios to guide treatment; EVs can facilitate the grading and staging of patients for appropriate treatment selection. Second, EVs play a pivotal role in pathophysiological processes via intercellular communication. Targeting key molecules involved in EV-mediated tumor progression (e.g., proliferation, angiogenesis, metastasis, immune escape, and drug resistance) is a potential approach for curbing PCa. Third, EVs are promising drug carriers. Naïve EVs from various sources and engineered EV-based drug delivery systems have paved the way for the development of new treatment modalities. This review discusses the recent advancements in the application of EV therapies and highlights EV-based functional materials as novel interventions for PCa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cong Hu
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Tianyang Wu
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Xinxing Du
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Yanhao Dong
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Zehong Peng
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Wei Xue
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Vijaya Sunkara
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Kyoung Cho
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
- Center for Algorithmic and Robotized Synthesis, Institute for Basic Science Ulsan, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Liang Dong
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Cao PHA, Dominic A, Lujan FE, Senthilkumar S, Bhattacharya PK, Frigo DE, Subramani E. Unlocking ferroptosis in prostate cancer - the road to novel therapies and imaging markers. Nat Rev Urol 2024:10.1038/s41585-024-00869-9. [PMID: 38627553 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-024-00869-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a distinct form of regulated cell death that is predominantly driven by the build-up of intracellular iron and lipid peroxides. Ferroptosis suppression is widely accepted to contribute to the pathogenesis of several tumours including prostate cancer. Results from some studies reported that prostate cancer cells can be highly susceptible to ferroptosis inducers, providing potential for an interesting new avenue of therapeutic intervention for advanced prostate cancer. In this Perspective, we describe novel molecular underpinnings and metabolic drivers of ferroptosis, analyse the functions and mechanisms of ferroptosis in tumours, and highlight prostate cancer-specific susceptibilities to ferroptosis by connecting ferroptosis pathways to the distinctive metabolic reprogramming of prostate cancer cells. Leveraging these novel mechanistic insights could provide innovative therapeutic opportunities in which ferroptosis induction augments the efficacy of currently available prostate cancer treatment regimens, pending the elimination of major bottlenecks for the clinical translation of these treatment combinations, such as the development of clinical-grade inhibitors of the anti-ferroptotic enzymes as well as non-invasive biomarkers of ferroptosis. These biomarkers could be exploited for diagnostic imaging and treatment decision-making.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pham Hong Anh Cao
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Abishai Dominic
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Fabiola Ester Lujan
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sanjanaa Senthilkumar
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Pratip K Bhattacharya
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Daniel E Frigo
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
- Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signalling, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Elavarasan Subramani
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Dorff T, Horvath LG, Autio K, Bernard-Tessier A, Rettig MB, Machiels JP, Bilen MA, Lolkema MP, Adra N, Rottey S, Greil R, Matsubara N, Tan DSW, Wong A, Uemura H, Lemech C, Meran J, Yu Y, Minocha M, McComb M, Penny HL, Gupta V, Hu X, Jurida G, Kouros-Mehr H, Janát-Amsbury MM, Eggert T, Tran B. A Phase I Study of Acapatamab, a Half-life Extended, PSMA-Targeting Bispecific T-cell Engager for Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2024; 30:1488-1500. [PMID: 38300720 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-23-2978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Safety and efficacy of acapatamab, a prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) x CD3 bispecific T-cell engager were evaluated in a first-in-human study in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with mCRPC refractory to androgen receptor pathway inhibitor therapy and taxane-based chemotherapy received target acapatamab doses ranging from 0.003 to 0.9 mg in dose exploration (seven dose levels) and 0.3 mg (recommended phase II dose) in dose expansion intravenously every 2 weeks. Safety (primary objective), pharmacokinetics, and antitumor activity (secondary objectives) were assessed. RESULTS In all, 133 patients (dose exploration, n = 77; dose expansion, n = 56) received acapatamab. Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) was the most common treatment-emergent adverse event seen in 97.4% and 98.2% of patients in dose exploration and dose expansion, respectively; grade ≥ 3 was seen in 23.4% and 16.1%, respectively. Most CRS events were seen in treatment cycle 1; incidence and severity decreased at/beyond cycle 2. In dose expansion, confirmed prostate-specific antigen (PSA) responses (PSA50) were seen in 30.4% of patients and radiographic partial responses in 7.4% (Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors 1.1). Median PSA progression-free survival (PFS) was 3.3 months [95% confidence interval (CI): 3.0-4.9], radiographic PFS per Prostate Cancer Clinical Trials Working Group 3 was 3.7 months (95% CI: 2.0-5.4). Acapatamab induced T-cell activation and increased cytokine production several-fold within 24 hours of initiation. Treatment-emergent antidrug antibodies were detected in 55% and impacted serum exposures in 36% of patients in dose expansion. CONCLUSIONS Acapatamab was safe and tolerated and had a manageable CRS profile. Preliminary signs of efficacy with limited durable antitumor activity were observed. Acapatamab demonstrated pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tanya Dorff
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope, Duarte, California
| | - Lisa G Horvath
- Department of Medical Oncology, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Karen Autio
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Alice Bernard-Tessier
- Department of Cancer Medicine, Institut Gustave Roussy, University of Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Matthew B Rettig
- Departments of Medicine and Urology, University of California, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Medicine, VA Greater Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jean-Pascal Machiels
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mehmet A Bilen
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Martijn P Lolkema
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California
| | - Nabil Adra
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Sylvie Rottey
- Department of Medical Oncology. Drug Research Unit, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Richard Greil
- Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg Cancer Research Institute-CCCIT and Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Nobuaki Matsubara
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
| | - Daniel S W Tan
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Alvin Wong
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Singapore
| | - Hiroji Uemura
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Charlotte Lemech
- Scientia Clinical Research, University of New South Wales, Randwick, Australia
| | - Johannes Meran
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology, and Internal Oncology, Hospital Barmherzige Brueder, Vienna, Austria
| | - Youfei Yu
- Global Biostatistical Science, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California
| | - Mukul Minocha
- Clinical Pharmacology M&S, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California
| | - Mason McComb
- Clinical Pharmacology M&S, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California
| | | | - Vinita Gupta
- Clinical Biomarkers, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California
| | - Xuguang Hu
- Clinical Biomarkers, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California
| | - Gabor Jurida
- Safety TA & Combination Products, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California
| | | | | | - Tobias Eggert
- Early Development, Oncology, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California
| | - Ben Tran
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Chen T, Wang M, Chen Y, Liu Y. Current challenges and therapeutic advances of CAR-T cell therapy for solid tumors. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:133. [PMID: 38622705 PMCID: PMC11017638 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03315-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The application of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells in the management of hematological malignancies has emerged as a noteworthy therapeutic breakthrough. Nevertheless, the utilization and effectiveness of CAR-T cell therapy in solid tumors are still limited primarily because of the absence of tumor-specific target antigen, the existence of immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, restricted T cell invasion and proliferation, and the occurrence of severe toxicity. This review explored the history of CAR-T and its latest advancements in the management of solid tumors. According to recent studies, optimizing the design of CAR-T cells, implementing logic-gated CAR-T cells and refining the delivery methods of therapeutic agents can all enhance the efficacy of CAR-T cell therapy. Furthermore, combination therapy shows promise as a way to improve the effectiveness of CAR-T cell therapy. At present, numerous clinical trials involving CAR-T cells for solid tumors are actively in progress. In conclusion, CAR-T cell therapy has both potential and challenges when it comes to treating solid tumors. As CAR-T cell therapy continues to evolve, further innovations will be devised to surmount the challenges associated with this treatment modality, ultimately leading to enhanced therapeutic response for patients suffered solid tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tong Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 17 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Mingzhao Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 17 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yanchao Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 17 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yutao Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 17 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Tapia-Galisteo A, Sánchez-Rodríguez I, Narbona J, Iglesias-Hernández P, Aragón-García S, Jiménez-Reinoso A, Compte M, Khan S, Tsuda T, Chames P, Lacadena J, Álvarez-Vallina L, Sanz L. Combination of T cell-redirecting strategies with a bispecific antibody blocking TGF-β and PD-L1 enhances antitumor responses. Oncoimmunology 2024; 13:2338558. [PMID: 38623463 PMCID: PMC11018002 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2024.2338558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
T cell-based immunotherapies for solid tumors have not achieved the clinical success observed in hematological malignancies, partially due to the immunosuppressive effect promoted by the tumor microenvironment, where PD-L1 and TGF-β play a pivotal role. However, durable responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors remain limited to a minority of patients, while TGF-β inhibitors have not reached the market yet. Here, we describe a bispecific antibody for dual blockade of PD-L1 and TFG-β, termed AxF (scFv)2, under the premise that combination with T cell redirecting strategies would improve clinical benefit. The AxF (scFv)2 antibody was well expressed in mammalian and yeast cells, bound both targets and inhibited dose-dependently the corresponding signaling pathways in luminescence-based cellular reporter systems. Moreover, combined treatment with trispecific T-cell engagers (TriTE) or CAR-T cells significantly boosted T cell activation status and cytotoxic response in breast, lung and colorectal (CRC) cancer models. Importantly, the combination of an EpCAMxCD3×EGFR TriTE with the AxF (scFv)2 delayed CRC tumor growth in vivo and significantly enhanced survival compared to monotherapy with the trispecific antibody. In summary, we demonstrated the feasibility of concomitant blockade of PD-L1 and TGF-β by a single molecule, as well as its therapeutic potential in combination with different T cell redirecting agents to overcome tumor microenvironment-mediated immunosuppression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Tapia-Galisteo
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Biomedical Research Institute Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
- Cancer Immunotherapy Unit (UNICA), Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- Immuno-oncology and Immunotherapy Group, Biomedical Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- H12O-CNIO Cancer Immunotherapy Clinical Research Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Iñigo Sánchez-Rodríguez
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Biomedical Research Institute Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Narbona
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Iglesias-Hernández
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Biomedical Research Institute Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Saray Aragón-García
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Biomedical Research Institute Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anaïs Jiménez-Reinoso
- Cancer Immunotherapy Unit (UNICA), Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- Immuno-oncology and Immunotherapy Group, Biomedical Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- H12O-CNIO Cancer Immunotherapy Clinical Research Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Compte
- Department of Antibody Engineering, Leadartis SL, Madrid, Spain
| | - Shaukat Khan
- Nemours Children’s Health Delaware, Wilmington, Delaware, USA
| | - Takeshi Tsuda
- Nemours Children’s Health Delaware, Wilmington, Delaware, USA
| | - Patrick Chames
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, Institute Paoli-Calmettes, CRCM, Marseille, France
| | - Javier Lacadena
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Álvarez-Vallina
- Cancer Immunotherapy Unit (UNICA), Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- Immuno-oncology and Immunotherapy Group, Biomedical Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- H12O-CNIO Cancer Immunotherapy Clinical Research Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Sanz
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Biomedical Research Institute Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Tran TM, Chand Thakuri BK, Nurmukhambetova S, Lee JJ, Hu P, Tran NQ, Steimle B, Dash P, Schneider D. Armored TGFβRIIDN ROR1-CAR T cells reject solid tumors and resist suppression by constitutively-expressed and treatment-induced TGFβ1. J Immunother Cancer 2024; 12:e008261. [PMID: 38609317 PMCID: PMC11029479 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2023-008261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy target receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1) is broadly expressed in hematologic and solid tumors, however clinically-characterized ROR1-CAR T cells with single chain variable fragment (scFv)-R12 targeting domain failed to induce durable remissions, in part due to the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Herein, we describe the development of an improved ROR1-CAR with a novel, fully human scFv9 targeting domain, and augmented with TGFβRIIDN armor protective against a major TME factor, transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ). METHODS CAR T cells were generated by lentiviral transduction of enriched CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and the novel scFv9-based ROR1-CAR-1 was compared with the clinically-characterized ROR1-R12-scFv-based CAR-2 in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS CAR-1 T cells exhibited greater CAR surface density than CAR-2 when normalized for %CAR+, and produced more interferon (IFN)-γ tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-2 in response to hematologic (Jeko-1, RPMI-8226) and solid (OVCAR-3, Capan-2, NCI-H226) tumor cell lines in vitro. In vivo, CAR-1 and CAR-2 both cleared hematologic Jeko-1 lymphoma xenografts, however only CAR-1 fully rejected ovarian solid OVCAR-3 tumors, concordantly with greater expansion of CD8+ and CD4+CAR T cells, and enrichment for central and effector memory phenotype. When equipped with TGFβ-protective armor TGFβRIIDN, CAR-1 T cells resisted TGFβ-mediated pSmad2/3 phosphorylation, as compared with CAR-1 alone. When co-cultured with ROR-1+ AsPC-1 pancreatic cancer line in the presence of TGFβ1, armored CAR-1 demonstrated improved recovery of killing function, IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-2 secretion. In mouse AsPC-1 pancreatic tumor xenografts overexpressing TGFβ1, armored CAR-1, in contrast to CAR-1 alone, achieved complete tumor remissions, and yielded accelerated expansion of CAR+ T cells, diminished circulating active TGFβ1, and no apparent toxicity or weight loss. Unexpectedly, in AsPC-1 xenografts without TGFβ overexpression, TGFβ1 production was specifically induced by ROR-1-CAR T cells interaction with ROR-1 positive tumor cells, and the TGFβRIIDN armor conferred accelerated tumor clearance. CONCLUSIONS The novel fully human TGFßRIIDN-armored ROR1-CAR-1 T cells are highly potent against ROR1-positive tumors, and withstand the inhibitory effects of TGFß in solid TME. Moreover, TGFβ1 induction represents a novel, CAR-induced checkpoint in the solid TME, which can be circumvented by co-expressing the TGβRIIDN armor on T cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tri Minh Tran
- Lentigen Technology Inc., a Miltenyi Biotec Company, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | | | | | - Jia-Jye Lee
- Lentigen Technology Inc., a Miltenyi Biotec Company, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - Peirong Hu
- Lentigen Technology Inc., a Miltenyi Biotec Company, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - Ngoc Q Tran
- Lentigen Technology Inc., a Miltenyi Biotec Company, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - Brittany Steimle
- Lentigen Technology Inc., a Miltenyi Biotec Company, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - Pradyot Dash
- Lentigen Technology Inc., a Miltenyi Biotec Company, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - Dina Schneider
- Lentigen Technology Inc., a Miltenyi Biotec Company, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Zhang T, Tai Z, Miao F, Zhang X, Li J, Zhu Q, Wei H, Chen Z. Adoptive cell therapy for solid tumors beyond CAR-T: Current challenges and emerging therapeutic advances. J Control Release 2024; 368:372-396. [PMID: 38408567 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Adoptive cellular immunotherapy using immune cells expressing chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) is a highly specific anti-tumor immunotherapy that has shown promise in the treatment of hematological malignancies. However, there has been a slow progress toward the treatment of solid tumors owing to the complex tumor microenvironment that affects the localization and killing ability of the CAR cells. Solid tumors with a strong immunosuppressive microenvironment and complex vascular system are unaffected by CAR cell infiltration and attack. To improve their efficacy toward solid tumors, CAR cells have been modified and upgraded by "decorating" and "pruning". This review focuses on the structure and function of CARs, the immune cells that can be engineered by CARs and the transformation strategies to overcome solid tumors, with a view to broadening ideas for the better application of CAR cell therapy for the treatment of solid tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tingrui Zhang
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200443, China; Medical Guarantee Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China; School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Topical Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200443, China
| | - Zongguang Tai
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200443, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Topical Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200443, China; Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Fengze Miao
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200443, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Topical Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200443, China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200443, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Topical Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200443, China
| | - Jiadong Li
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Quangang Zhu
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200443, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Topical Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200443, China
| | - Hua Wei
- Medical Guarantee Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China.
| | - Zhongjian Chen
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200443, China; School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Topical Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200443, China.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Mei J, Liu X, Tian H, Chen Y, Cao Y, Zeng J, Liu Y, Chen Y, Gao Y, Yin J, Wang P. Tumour organoids and assembloids: Patient-derived cancer avatars for immunotherapy. Clin Transl Med 2024; 14:e1656. [PMID: 38664597 PMCID: PMC11045561 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Organoid technology is an emerging and rapidly growing field that shows promise in studying organ development and screening therapeutic regimens. Although organoids have been proposed for a decade, concerns exist, including batch-to-batch variations, lack of the native microenvironment and clinical applicability. MAIN BODY The concept of organoids has derived patient-derived tumour organoids (PDTOs) for personalized drug screening and new drug discovery, mitigating the risks of medication misuse. The greater the similarity between the PDTOs and the primary tumours, the more influential the model will be. Recently, 'tumour assembloids' inspired by cell-coculture technology have attracted attention to complement the current PDTO technology. High-quality PDTOs must reassemble critical components, including multiple cell types, tumour matrix, paracrine factors, angiogenesis and microorganisms. This review begins with a brief overview of the history of organoids and PDTOs, followed by the current approaches for generating PDTOs and tumour assembloids. Personalized drug screening has been practised; however, it remains unclear whether PDTOs can predict immunotherapies, including immune drugs (e.g. immune checkpoint inhibitors) and immune cells (e.g. tumour-infiltrating lymphocyte, T cell receptor-engineered T cell and chimeric antigen receptor-T cell). PDTOs, as cancer avatars of the patients, can be expanded and stored to form a biobank. CONCLUSION Fundamental research and clinical trials are ongoing, and the intention is to use these models to replace animals. Pre-clinical immunotherapy screening using PDTOs will be beneficial to cancer patients. KEY POINTS The current PDTO models have not yet constructed key cellular and non-cellular components. PDTOs should be expandable and editable. PDTOs are promising preclinical models for immunotherapy unless mature PDTOs can be established. PDTO biobanks with consensual standards are urgently needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Mei
- Oujiang Laboratory; Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of AgingWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouPeople's Republic of China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaPeople's Republic of China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of PharmacogeneticsCentral South UniversityChangshaPeople's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of PharmacogenomicsMinistry of EducationChangshaPeople's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaPeople's Republic of China
| | - Xingjian Liu
- Oujiang Laboratory; Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of AgingWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouPeople's Republic of China
| | - Hui‐Xiang Tian
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaPeople's Republic of China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of PharmacogeneticsCentral South UniversityChangshaPeople's Republic of China
| | - Yixuan Chen
- Oujiang Laboratory; Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of AgingWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouPeople's Republic of China
| | - Yang Cao
- Oujiang Laboratory; Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of AgingWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouPeople's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zeng
- Oujiang Laboratory; Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of AgingWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouPeople's Republic of China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaPeople's Republic of China
| | - Yung‐Chiang Liu
- Oujiang Laboratory; Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of AgingWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouPeople's Republic of China
| | - Yaping Chen
- Oujiang Laboratory; Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of AgingWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouPeople's Republic of China
| | - Yang Gao
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaPeople's Republic of China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaPeople's Republic of China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Pulmonary Nodules Precise Diagnosis and Treatment, Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaPeople's Republic of China
- Xiangya Lung Cancer Center, Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaPeople's Republic of China
| | - Ji‐Ye Yin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaPeople's Republic of China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of PharmacogeneticsCentral South UniversityChangshaPeople's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of PharmacogenomicsMinistry of EducationChangshaPeople's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaPeople's Republic of China
| | - Peng‐Yuan Wang
- Oujiang Laboratory; Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of AgingWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouPeople's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Tian DS, Qin C, Dong MH, Heming M, Zhou LQ, Wang W, Cai SB, You YF, Shang K, Xiao J, Wang D, Li CR, Zhang M, Bu BT, Meyer Zu Hörste G, Wang W. B cell lineage reconstitution underlies CAR-T cell therapeutic efficacy in patients with refractory myasthenia gravis. EMBO Mol Med 2024; 16:966-987. [PMID: 38409527 PMCID: PMC11018773 DOI: 10.1038/s44321-024-00043-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA), expressed in plasmablasts and plasma cells, could serve as a promising therapeutic target for autoimmune diseases. We reported here chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells targeting BCMA in two patients with highly relapsed and refractory myasthenia gravis (one with AChR-IgG, and one with MuSk-IgG). Both patients exhibited favorable safety profiles and persistent clinical improvements over 18 months. Reconstitution of B-cell lineages with sustained reduced pathogenic autoantibodies might underlie the therapeutic efficacy. To identify the possible mechanisms underlying the therapeutic efficacy of CAR-T cells in these patients, longitudinal single-cell RNA and TCR sequencing was conducted on serial blood samples post infusion as well as their matching infusion products. By tracking the temporal evolution of CAR-T phenotypes, we demonstrated that proliferating cytotoxic-like CD8 clones were the main effectors in autoimmunity, whereas compromised cytotoxic and proliferation signature and profound mitochondrial dysfunction in CD8+ Te cells before infusion and subsequently defect CAR-T cells after manufacture might explain their characteristics in these patients. Our findings may guide future studies to improve CAR T-cell immunotherapy in autoimmune diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dai-Shi Tian
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Functional Reconstruction, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, China
| | - Chuan Qin
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Functional Reconstruction, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, China
| | - Ming-Hao Dong
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Functional Reconstruction, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, China
| | - Michael Heming
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Luo-Qi Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Functional Reconstruction, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, China
| | - Wen Wang
- Nanjing IASO Biotechnology Co., Ltd, 210018, Nanjing, China
| | - Song-Bai Cai
- Nanjing IASO Biotechnology Co., Ltd, 210018, Nanjing, China
| | - Yun-Fan You
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Functional Reconstruction, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, China
| | - Ke Shang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Functional Reconstruction, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Functional Reconstruction, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, China
| | - Di Wang
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, China
| | - Chun-Rui Li
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Functional Reconstruction, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, China
| | - Bi-Tao Bu
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Functional Reconstruction, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, China
| | - Gerd Meyer Zu Hörste
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany.
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Functional Reconstruction, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Kembuan GJ, Kim JY, Maus MV, Jan M. Targeting solid tumor antigens with chimeric receptors: cancer biology meets synthetic immunology. Trends Cancer 2024; 10:312-331. [PMID: 38355356 PMCID: PMC11006585 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2024.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy is a medical breakthrough in the treatment of B cell malignancies. There is intensive focus on developing solid tumor-targeted CAR-T cell therapies. Although clinically approved CAR-T cell therapies target B cell lineage antigens, solid tumor targets include neoantigens and tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) with diverse roles in tumor biology. Multiple early-stage clinical trials now report encouraging signs of efficacy for CAR-T cell therapies that target solid tumors. We review the landscape of solid tumor target antigens from the perspective of cancer biology and gene regulation, together with emerging clinical data for CAR-T cells targeting these antigens. We then discuss emerging synthetic biology strategies and their application in the clinical development of novel cellular immunotherapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele J Kembuan
- Cellular Immunotherapy Program, Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joanna Y Kim
- Cellular Immunotherapy Program, Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marcela V Maus
- Cellular Immunotherapy Program, Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Max Jan
- Cellular Immunotherapy Program, Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Russell GC, Hamzaoui Y, Rho D, Sutrave G, Choi JS, Missan DS, Reckard GA, Gustafson MP, Kim GB. Synthetic biology approaches for enhancing safety and specificity of CAR-T cell therapies for solid cancers. Cytotherapy 2024:S1465-3249(24)00576-0. [PMID: 38639669 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2024.03.484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
CAR-T cell therapies have been successful in treating numerous hematologic malignancies as the T cell can be engineered to target a specific antigen associated with the disease. However, translating CAR-T cell therapies for solid cancers is proving more challenging due to the lack of truly tumor-associated antigens and the high risk of off-target toxicities. To combat this, numerous synthetic biology mechanisms are being incorporated to create safer and more specific CAR-T cells that can be spatiotemporally controlled with increased precision. Here, we seek to summarize and analyze the advancements for CAR-T cell therapies with respect to clinical implementation, from the perspective of synthetic biology and immunology. This review should serve as a resource for further investigation and growth within the field of personalized cellular therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Grace C Russell
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA
| | - Yassin Hamzaoui
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA
| | - Daniel Rho
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA
| | - Gaurav Sutrave
- The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Department of Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Immuno & Gene Therapy Committee, International Society for Cell and Gene Therapy, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Joseph S Choi
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA
| | - Dara S Missan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Gabrielle A Reckard
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Michael P Gustafson
- Immuno & Gene Therapy Committee, International Society for Cell and Gene Therapy, Vancouver, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA; Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA
| | - Gloria B Kim
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA; Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Hosen N. Identification of cancer-specific cell surface targets for CAR-T cell therapy. Inflamm Regen 2024; 44:17. [PMID: 38549116 PMCID: PMC10979572 DOI: 10.1186/s41232-024-00329-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
One should identify appropriate cell surface targets to develop new CAR-T cells. Currently, lineage-specific antigens such as CD19 or B cell maturation antigen (BCMA) are being used as targets for CAR-T cells. However, in most cancers, lineage-specific antigens cannot be used as targets because targeting normal counterparts expressing them causes fatal toxicity. Cancer-specific transcripts have been extensively searched for using transcriptome analysis, but only a few candidates were reported. We have been working on identifying tumor-specific antigen structures, for example constitutively activated conformer of integrin b7 in multiple myeloma. Recently, several researchers have been working on a logic gate system that can react only when two antigens are expressed on the cell surface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Hosen
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamada-Oka, Suita, 565-0871, Osaka, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Deng Z, Fan T, Xiao C, Tian H, Zheng Y, Li C, He J. TGF-β signaling in health, disease, and therapeutics. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:61. [PMID: 38514615 PMCID: PMC10958066 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01764-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β is a multifunctional cytokine expressed by almost every tissue and cell type. The signal transduction of TGF-β can stimulate diverse cellular responses and is particularly critical to embryonic development, wound healing, tissue homeostasis, and immune homeostasis in health. The dysfunction of TGF-β can play key roles in many diseases, and numerous targeted therapies have been developed to rectify its pathogenic activity. In the past decades, a large number of studies on TGF-β signaling have been carried out, covering a broad spectrum of topics in health, disease, and therapeutics. Thus, a comprehensive overview of TGF-β signaling is required for a general picture of the studies in this field. In this review, we retrace the research history of TGF-β and introduce the molecular mechanisms regarding its biosynthesis, activation, and signal transduction. We also provide deep insights into the functions of TGF-β signaling in physiological conditions as well as in pathological processes. TGF-β-targeting therapies which have brought fresh hope to the treatment of relevant diseases are highlighted. Through the summary of previous knowledge and recent updates, this review aims to provide a systematic understanding of TGF-β signaling and to attract more attention and interest to this research area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziqin Deng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Tao Fan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Chu Xiao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - He Tian
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yujia Zheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Chunxiang Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
| | - Jie He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Boutin J, Genevois C, Couillaud F, Lamrissi-Garcia I, Guyonnet-Duperat V, Bibeyran A, Lalanne M, Amintas S, Moranvillier I, Richard E, Blouin JM, Dabernat S, Moreau-Gaudry F, Bedel A. CRISPR editing to mimic porphyria combined with light: A new preclinical approach for prostate cancer. MOLECULAR THERAPY. ONCOLOGY 2024; 32:200772. [PMID: 38596305 PMCID: PMC10899051 DOI: 10.1016/j.omton.2024.200772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Thanks to its very high genome-editing efficiency, CRISPR-Cas9 technology could be a promising anticancer weapon. Clinical trials using CRISPR-Cas9 nuclease to ex vivo edit and alter immune cells are ongoing. However, to date, this strategy still has not been applied in clinical practice to directly target cancer cells. Targeting a canonical metabolic pathway essential to good functioning of cells without potential escape would represent an attractive strategy. We propose to mimic a genetic metabolic disorder in cancer cells to weaken cancer cells, independent of their genomic abnormalities. Mutations affecting the heme biosynthesis pathway are responsible for porphyria, and most of them are characterized by an accumulation of toxic photoreactive porphyrins. This study aimed to mimic porphyria by using CRISPR-Cas9 to inactivate UROS, leading to porphyrin accumulation in a prostate cancer model. Prostate cancer is the leading cancer in men and has a high mortality rate despite therapeutic progress, with a primary tumor accessible to light. By combining light with gene therapy, we obtained high efficiency in vitro and in vivo, with considerable improvement in the survival of mice. Finally, we achieved the preclinical proof-of-principle of performing cancer CRISPR gene therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julian Boutin
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, UMR 1312, Bordeaux Institute of Oncology, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux, France
- CHU de Bordeaux, Biochemistry Laboratory, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Coralie Genevois
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, UMR 1312, Bordeaux Institute of Oncology, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux, France
- Vivoptic Platform INSERM US 005—CNRS UAR 3427-TBM-Core, Bordeaux University, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Franck Couillaud
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, UMR 1312, Bordeaux Institute of Oncology, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux, France
- Vivoptic Platform INSERM US 005—CNRS UAR 3427-TBM-Core, Bordeaux University, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Isabelle Lamrissi-Garcia
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, UMR 1312, Bordeaux Institute of Oncology, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Veronique Guyonnet-Duperat
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, UMR 1312, Bordeaux Institute of Oncology, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux, France
- Vect’UB, Vectorology Platform, INSERM US 005—CNRS UAR 3427-TBM-Core, Bordeaux University, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Alice Bibeyran
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, UMR 1312, Bordeaux Institute of Oncology, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux, France
- Vect’UB, Vectorology Platform, INSERM US 005—CNRS UAR 3427-TBM-Core, Bordeaux University, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Magalie Lalanne
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, UMR 1312, Bordeaux Institute of Oncology, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Samuel Amintas
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, UMR 1312, Bordeaux Institute of Oncology, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux, France
- CHU de Bordeaux, Tumor Biology and Tumor Bank Laboratory, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Isabelle Moranvillier
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, UMR 1312, Bordeaux Institute of Oncology, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Emmanuel Richard
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, UMR 1312, Bordeaux Institute of Oncology, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux, France
- CHU de Bordeaux, Biochemistry Laboratory, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Jean-Marc Blouin
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, UMR 1312, Bordeaux Institute of Oncology, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux, France
- CHU de Bordeaux, Biochemistry Laboratory, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Sandrine Dabernat
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, UMR 1312, Bordeaux Institute of Oncology, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux, France
- CHU de Bordeaux, Biochemistry Laboratory, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - François Moreau-Gaudry
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, UMR 1312, Bordeaux Institute of Oncology, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux, France
- CHU de Bordeaux, Biochemistry Laboratory, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Aurélie Bedel
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, UMR 1312, Bordeaux Institute of Oncology, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux, France
- CHU de Bordeaux, Biochemistry Laboratory, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Ding Y, Zhou G, Hu W. Epigenetic regulation of TGF-β pathway and its role in radiation response. Int J Radiat Biol 2024; 100:834-848. [PMID: 38506660 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2024.2327395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Transforming growth factor (TGF-β) plays a dual role in tumor progression as well as a pivotal role in radiation response. TGF-β-related epigenetic regulations, including DNA methylation, histone modifications (including methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, ubiquitination), chromatin remodeling and non-coding RNA regulation, have been found to affect the occurrence and development of tumors as well as their radiation response in multiple dimensions. Due to the significance of radiotherapy in tumor treatment and the essential roles of TGF-β signaling in radiation response, it is important to better understand the role of epigenetic regulation mechanisms mediated by TGF-β signaling pathways in radiation-induced targeted and non-targeted effects. CONCLUSIONS By revealing the epigenetic mechanism related to TGF-β-mediated radiation response, summarizing the existing relevant adjuvant strategies for radiotherapy based on TGF-β signaling, and discovering potential therapeutic targets, we hope to provide a new perspective for improving clinical treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunan Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Guangming Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Wentao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Appelbaum J, Price AE, Oda K, Zhang J, Leung WH, Tampella G, Xia D, So PP, Hilton SK, Evandy C, Sarkar S, Martin U, Krostag AR, Leonardi M, Zak DE, Logan R, Lewis P, Franke-Welch S, Ngwenyama N, Fitzgerald M, Tulberg N, Rawlings-Rhea S, Gardner RA, Jones K, Sanabria A, Crago W, Timmer J, Hollands A, Eckelman B, Bilic S, Woodworth J, Lamble A, Gregory PD, Jarjour J, Pogson M, Gustafson JA, Astrakhan A, Jensen MC. Drug-regulated CD33-targeted CAR T cells control AML using clinically optimized rapamycin dosing. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e162593. [PMID: 38502193 PMCID: PMC11060733 DOI: 10.1172/jci162593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) designs that incorporate pharmacologic control are desirable; however, designs suitable for clinical translation are needed. We designed a fully human, rapamycin-regulated drug product for targeting CD33+ tumors called dimerizaing agent-regulated immunoreceptor complex (DARIC33). T cell products demonstrated target-specific and rapamycin-dependent cytokine release, transcriptional responses, cytotoxicity, and in vivo antileukemic activity in the presence of as little as 1 nM rapamycin. Rapamycin withdrawal paused DARIC33-stimulated T cell effector functions, which were restored following reexposure to rapamycin, demonstrating reversible effector function control. While rapamycin-regulated DARIC33 T cells were highly sensitive to target antigen, CD34+ stem cell colony-forming capacity was not impacted. We benchmarked DARIC33 potency relative to CD19 CAR T cells to estimate a T cell dose for clinical testing. In addition, we integrated in vitro and preclinical in vivo drug concentration thresholds for off-on state transitions, as well as murine and human rapamycin pharmacokinetics, to estimate a clinically applicable rapamycin dosing schedule. A phase I DARIC33 trial has been initiated (PLAT-08, NCT05105152), with initial evidence of rapamycin-regulated T cell activation and antitumor impact. Our findings provide evidence that the DARIC platform exhibits sensitive regulation and potency needed for clinical application to other important immunotherapy targets.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Female
- Humans
- Male
- Mice
- Immunotherapy, Adoptive
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/immunology
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/therapy
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Receptors, Chimeric Antigen/immunology
- Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 3/immunology
- Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 3/metabolism
- Sirolimus/pharmacology
- Sirolimus/administration & dosage
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/drug effects
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Appelbaum
- Seattle Children’s Therapeutics, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Kaori Oda
- Seattle Children’s Therapeutics, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Joy Zhang
- 2seventy bio, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Giacomo Tampella
- Seattle Children’s Therapeutics, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Dong Xia
- 2seventy bio, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | | | - Claudya Evandy
- Seattle Children’s Therapeutics, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Semanti Sarkar
- Seattle Children’s Therapeutics, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | | | - Marissa Leonardi
- Seattle Children’s Therapeutics, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Rachael Logan
- Seattle Children’s Therapeutics, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | | | | | - Michael Fitzgerald
- Seattle Children’s Therapeutics, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Niklas Tulberg
- Seattle Children’s Therapeutics, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Stephanie Rawlings-Rhea
- Seattle Children’s Therapeutics, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Rebecca A. Gardner
- Seattle Children’s Therapeutics, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Kyle Jones
- Inhibrx, Torrey Pines Science Park, La Jolla, California, USA
| | | | - William Crago
- Inhibrx, Torrey Pines Science Park, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - John Timmer
- Inhibrx, Torrey Pines Science Park, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Andrew Hollands
- Inhibrx, Torrey Pines Science Park, La Jolla, California, USA
| | | | | | | | - Adam Lamble
- Seattle Children’s Therapeutics, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | | | | | - Joshua A. Gustafson
- Seattle Children’s Therapeutics, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Michael C. Jensen
- Seattle Children’s Therapeutics, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Shi Y, Adu-Amankwaah J, Zhao Q, Li X, Yu Q, Bushi A, Yuan J, Tan R. Long non-coding RNAs in drug resistance across the top five cancers: Update on their roles and mechanisms. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27207. [PMID: 38463803 PMCID: PMC10923722 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer drug resistance stands as a formidable obstacle in the relentless fight against the top five prevalent cancers: breast, lung, colorectal, prostate, and gastric cancers. These malignancies collectively account for a significant portion of cancer-related deaths worldwide. In recent years, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as pivotal players in the intricate landscape of cancer biology, and their roles in driving drug resistance are steadily coming to light. This comprehensive review seeks to underscore the paramount significance of lncRNAs in orchestrating resistance across a spectrum of different cancer drugs, including platinum drugs (DDP), tamoxifen, trastuzumab, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), paclitaxel (PTX), and Androgen Deprivation Therapy (ADT) across the most prevalent types of cancer. It delves into the multifaceted mechanisms through which lncRNAs exert their influence on drug resistance, shedding light on their regulatory roles in various facets of cancer biology. A comprehensive understanding of these lncRNA-mediated mechanisms may pave the way for more effective and personalized treatment strategies, ultimately improving patient outcomes in these challenging malignancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Shi
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Joseph Adu-Amankwaah
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Qizhong Zhao
- Department of Emergency, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xin Li
- Clinical Medical College, Jining Medical University, 272067, Jining, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Birth Defect Research and Transformation of Shandong Province, Jining Medical University, 272067, Jining, China
| | - Qianxue Yu
- Clinical Medical College, Jining Medical University, 272067, Jining, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Birth Defect Research and Transformation of Shandong Province, Jining Medical University, 272067, Jining, China
| | - Aisha Bushi
- School of International Education, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinxiang Yuan
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Birth Defect Research and Transformation of Shandong Province, Jining Medical University, 272067, Jining, China
- Lin He's Academician Workstation of New Medicine and Clinical Translation, Jining Medical University, 272067, Jining, China
| | - Rubin Tan
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Long J, Wang Y, Jiang X, Ge J, Chen M, Zheng B, Wang R, Wang M, Xu M, Ke Q, Wang J. Nanomaterials Boost CAR-T Therapy for Solid Tumors. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2304615. [PMID: 38483400 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202304615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
T cell engineering, particularly via chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) modifications for enhancing tumor specificity, has shown efficacy in treating hematologic malignancies. The extension of CAR-T cell therapy to solid tumors, however, is impeded by several challenges: The absence of tumor-specific antigens, antigen heterogeneity, a complex immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, and physical barriers to cell infiltration. Additionally, limitations in CAR-T cell manufacturing capacity and the high costs associated with these therapies restrict their widespread application. The integration of nanomaterials into CAR-T cell production and application offers a promising avenue to mitigate these challenges. Utilizing nanomaterials in the production of CAR-T cells can decrease product variability and lower production expenses, positively impacting the targeting and persistence of CAR-T cells in treatment and minimizing adverse effects. This review comprehensively evaluates the use of various nanomaterials in the production of CAR-T cells, genetic modification, and in vivo delivery. It discusses their underlying mechanisms and potential for clinical application, with a focus on improving specificity and safety in CAR-T cell therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Long
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute & Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, 1001 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yian Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, The Engineering Research Center of Reproduction and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Xianjie Jiang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Junshang Ge
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Mingfen Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, 362000, China
| | - Boshu Zheng
- Department of Pathology and Institute of Oncology, The School of Basic Medical Sciences & Diagnostic Pathology Center, Fujian Medical University, No.1 Xuefu North Road University Town, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Pathology and Institute of Oncology, The School of Basic Medical Sciences & Diagnostic Pathology Center, Fujian Medical University, No.1 Xuefu North Road University Town, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Meifeng Wang
- Department of Pathology and Institute of Oncology, The School of Basic Medical Sciences & Diagnostic Pathology Center, Fujian Medical University, No.1 Xuefu North Road University Town, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Meifang Xu
- Department of Pathology and Institute of Oncology, The School of Basic Medical Sciences & Diagnostic Pathology Center, Fujian Medical University, No.1 Xuefu North Road University Town, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Qi Ke
- Department of Pathology and Institute of Oncology, The School of Basic Medical Sciences & Diagnostic Pathology Center, Fujian Medical University, No.1 Xuefu North Road University Town, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Pathology and Institute of Oncology, The School of Basic Medical Sciences & Diagnostic Pathology Center, Fujian Medical University, No.1 Xuefu North Road University Town, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Albarrán V, San Román M, Pozas J, Chamorro J, Rosero DI, Guerrero P, Calvo JC, González C, García de Quevedo C, Pérez de Aguado P, Moreno J, Cortés A, Soria A. Adoptive T cell therapy for solid tumors: current landscape and future challenges. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1352805. [PMID: 38550594 PMCID: PMC10972864 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1352805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) comprises different strategies to enhance the activity of T lymphocytes and other effector cells that orchestrate the antitumor immune response, including chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy, T-cell receptor (TCR) gene-modified T cells, and therapy with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). The outstanding results of CAR-T cells in some hematologic malignancies have launched the investigation of ACT in patients with refractory solid malignancies. However, certain characteristics of solid tumors, such as their antigenic heterogeneity and immunosuppressive microenvironment, hamper the efficacy of antigen-targeted treatments. Other ACT modalities, such as TIL therapy, have emerged as promising new strategies. TIL therapy has shown safety and promising activity in certain immunogenic cancers, mainly advanced melanoma, with an exciting rationale for its combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors. However, the implementation of TIL therapy in clinical practice is hindered by several biological, logistic, and economic challenges. In this review, we aim to summarize the current knowledge, available clinical results, and potential areas of future research regarding the use of T cell therapy in patients with solid tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Albarrán
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ramon y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - María San Román
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ramon y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Pozas
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Royal Marsden Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jesús Chamorro
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ramon y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Diana Isabel Rosero
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ramon y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Guerrero
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ramon y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Calvo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ramon y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos González
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ramon y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Jaime Moreno
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ramon y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfonso Cortés
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ramon y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ainara Soria
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ramon y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Tharian LR, Verma S, Gupta S. Chimeric Antigen Receptor-Modified T Cell Therapy in Metastatic Castrate-Resistant Prostate Cancer: Promise and Potential. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1053. [PMID: 38473408 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16051053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer, the most common cancer among males, has a mortality rate of approximately 29,000 deaths each year in the United States alone [...].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leah R Tharian
- College of Arts and Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44016, USA
| | - Shiv Verma
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- The Urology Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Sanjay Gupta
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- The Urology Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44016, USA
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44016, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44016, USA
- Division of General Medical Sciences, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Yang Z, Fu YX. Inactivation of TGF-β signaling in CAR-T cells. Cell Mol Immunol 2024; 21:309-310. [PMID: 38403679 PMCID: PMC10901871 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-023-01123-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yang-Xin Fu
- Changping Laboratory, Beijing, 102206, China.
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Zhu C, Wu Q, Sheng T, Shi J, Shen X, Yu J, Du Y, Sun J, Liang T, He K, Ding Y, Li H, Gu Z, Wang W. Rationally designed approaches to augment CAR-T therapy for solid tumor treatment. Bioact Mater 2024; 33:377-395. [PMID: 38059121 PMCID: PMC10696433 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor T cell denoted as CAR-T therapy has realized incredible therapeutic advancements for B cell malignancy treatment. However, its therapeutic validity has yet to be successfully achieved in solid tumors. Different from hematological cancers, solid tumors are characterized by dysregulated blood vessels, dense extracellular matrix, and filled with immunosuppressive signals, which together result in CAR-T cells' insufficient infiltration and rapid dysfunction. The insufficient recognition of tumor cells and tumor heterogeneity eventually causes cancer reoccurrences. In addition, CAR-T therapy also raises safety concerns, including potential cytokine release storm, on-target/off-tumor toxicities, and neuro-system side effects. Here we comprehensively review various targeting aspects, including CAR-T cell design, tumor modulation, and delivery strategy. We believe it is essential to rationally design a combinatory CAR-T therapy via constructing optimized CAR-T cells, directly manipulating tumor tissue microenvironments, and selecting the most suitable delivery strategy to achieve the optimal outcome in both safety and efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chaojie Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Qing Wu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Tao Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Jiaqi Shi
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Xinyuan Shen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Jicheng Yu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yang Du
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Jie Sun
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 311121, China
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Tingxizi Liang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Kaixin He
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yuan Ding
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- ZJU-Pujian Research & Development Center of Medical Artificial Intelligence for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Hongjun Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Zhen Gu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 311121, China
- Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua, 321299, China
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Weilin Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- ZJU-Pujian Research & Development Center of Medical Artificial Intelligence for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Klobuch S, Seijkens TTP, Schumacher TN, Haanen JBAG. Tumour-infiltrating lymphocyte therapy for patients with advanced-stage melanoma. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2024; 21:173-184. [PMID: 38191921 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-023-00848-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Immunotherapy with immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and targeted therapy with BRAF and MEK inhibitors have revolutionized the treatment of melanoma over the past decade. Despite these breakthroughs, the 5-year survival rate of patients with advanced-stage melanoma is at most 50%, emphasizing the need for additional therapeutic strategies. Adoptive cell therapy with tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) is a therapeutic modality that has, in the past few years, demonstrated long-term clinical benefit in phase II/III trials involving patients with advanced-stage melanoma, including those with disease progression on ICIs and/or BRAF/MEK inhibitors. In this Review, we summarize the current status of TIL therapies for patients with advanced-stage melanoma, including potential upcoming marketing authorization, the characteristics of TIL therapy products, as well as future strategies that are expected to increase the efficacy of this promising cellular immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Klobuch
- Division of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Tom T P Seijkens
- Division of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ton N Schumacher
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Oncode Institute, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - John B A G Haanen
- Division of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Oncode Institute, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
- Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.
- Melanoma Clinic, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Sun D, Shi X, Li S, Wang X, Yang X, Wan M. CAR‑T cell therapy: A breakthrough in traditional cancer treatment strategies (Review). Mol Med Rep 2024; 29:47. [PMID: 38275119 PMCID: PMC10835665 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2024.13171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)‑T cell therapy is an innovative approach to immune cell therapy that works by modifying the T cells of a patient to express the CAR protein on their surface, and thus induce their recognition and destruction of cancer cells. CAR‑T cell therapy has shown some success in treating hematological tumors, but it still faces a number of challenges in the treatment of solid tumors, such as antigen selection, tolerability and safety. In response to these issues, studies continue to improve the design of CAR‑T cells in pursuit of improved therapeutic efficacy and safety. In the future, CAR‑T cell therapy is expected to become an important cancer treatment, and may provide new ideas and strategies for individualized immunotherapy. The present review provides a comprehensive overview of the principles, clinical applications, therapeutic efficacy and challenges of CAR‑T cell therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dahua Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Qianjiang Central Hospital, Qianjiang, Hubei 433100, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Shi
- Department of Pathology, Qianjiang Central Hospital, Qianjiang, Hubei 433100, P.R. China
| | - Sanyan Li
- Department of Pathology, Qianjiang Central Hospital, Qianjiang, Hubei 433100, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohua Wang
- Department of Obstetrics, Qianjiang Central Hospital, Qianjiang, Hubei 433100, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Qianjiang Central Hospital, Qianjiang, Hubei 433100, P.R. China
| | - Meiping Wan
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qianjiang Central Hospital, Qianjiang, Hubei 433100, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|