1
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Hamanaka G, Arai K. Exploring the novel role of oligodendrocyte precursor cells in phagocytosis: beyond myelinogenesis. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:473-474. [PMID: 38819053 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-24-00062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gen Hamanaka
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratories, Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
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2
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Chung WS, Baldwin KT, Allen NJ. Astrocyte Regulation of Synapse Formation, Maturation, and Elimination. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2024; 16:a041352. [PMID: 38346858 PMCID: PMC11293538 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/03/2024]
Abstract
Astrocytes play an integral role in the development, maturation, and refinement of neuronal circuits. Astrocytes secrete proteins and lipids that instruct the formation of new synapses and induce the maturation of existing synapses. Through contact-mediated signaling, astrocytes can regulate the formation and state of synapses within their domain. Through phagocytosis, astrocytes participate in the elimination of excess synaptic connections. In this work, we will review key findings on the molecular mechanisms of astrocyte-synapse interaction with a focus on astrocyte-secreted factors, contact-mediated mechanisms, and synapse elimination. We will discuss this in the context of typical brain development and maintenance, as well as consider the consequences of dysfunction in these pathways in neurological disorders, highlighting a role for astrocytes in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won-Suk Chung
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Katherine T Baldwin
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology and UNC Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Nicola J Allen
- Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
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3
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Yang C, Ma Y, Lu Q, Qu Y, Li Y, Cheng S, Xiao C, Chen J, Wang C, Wang F, Xiang AP, Huang W, Tang X, Zheng H. 2-Bromo-1,4-Naphthalenedione promotes CD8 + T cell expansion and limits Th1/Th17 to mitigate experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. J Neuroinflammation 2024; 21:181. [PMID: 39068463 PMCID: PMC11283727 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-024-03172-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Treating Multiple sclerosis (MS), a well-known immune-mediated disease characterized by axonal demyelination, is challenging due to its complex causes. Naphthalenedione, present in numerous plants, is being explored as a potential medicine for MS due to its immunomodulatory properties. However, its effects on lymphocytes can vary depending on factors such as the specific compound, concentration, and experimental conditions. In this study, we aim to explore the therapeutic potential of 2-bromo-1,4-naphthalenedione (BrQ), a derivative of naphthalenedione, in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of MS, and to elucidate its underlying mechanisms. We observed that mice treated with BrQ exhibited reduced severity of EAE symptoms, including lower clinical scores, decreased leukocyte infiltration, and less extensive demyelination in central nervous system. Furthermore, it was noted that BrQ does not directly affect the remyelination process. Through cell-chat analysis based on bulk RNA-seq data, coupled with validation of flow analysis, we discovered that BrQ significantly promotes the expansion of CD8+ T cells and their interactions with other immune cells in peripheral immune system in EAE mice. Subsequent CD8+ T cell depletion experiments confirmed that BrQ alleviates EAE in a CD8+ T cell-dependent manner. Mechanistically, expanded CD8+ cells were found to selectively reduce antigen-specific CD4+ cells and subsequently inhibit Th1 and Th17 cell development in vivo, ultimately leading to relief from EAE. In summary, our findings highlight the crucial role of BrQ in modulating the pathogenesis of MS, suggesting its potential as a novel drug candidate for treating MS and other autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuixia Yang
- Central Laboratory, Chaozhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Chaozhou, Guangdong Province, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanchen Ma
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiying Lu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuliang Qu
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuantao Li
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shimei Cheng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chongjun Xiao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinshuo Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuangjia Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Andy Peng Xiang
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weijun Huang
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xiaorong Tang
- Central Laboratory, Chaozhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Chaozhou, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Haiqing Zheng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, China.
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4
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Ma Z, Zhang W, Wang C, Su Y, Yi C, Niu J. A New Acquaintance of Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells in the Central Nervous System. Neurosci Bull 2024:10.1007/s12264-024-01261-8. [PMID: 39042298 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-024-01261-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) are a heterogeneous multipotent population in the central nervous system (CNS) that appear during embryogenesis and persist as resident cells in the adult brain parenchyma. OPCs could generate oligodendrocytes to participate in myelination. Recent advances have renewed our knowledge of OPC biology by discovering novel markers of oligodendroglial cells, the myelin-independent roles of OPCs, and the regulatory mechanism of OPC development. In this review, we will explore the updated knowledge on OPC identity, their multifaceted roles in the CNS in health and diseases, as well as the regulatory mechanisms that are involved in their developmental stages, which hopefully would contribute to a further understanding of OPCs and attract attention in the field of OPC biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zexuan Ma
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of basic medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of basic medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Chenmeng Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of basic medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
- Research Centre, Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Yixun Su
- Research Centre, Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Chenju Yi
- Research Centre, Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Guangzhou, China.
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Active substance screening and Translational Research, Shenzhen, 518107, China.
| | - Jianqin Niu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of basic medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, 400038, China.
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5
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Haroon A, Seerapu H, Fang LP, Weß JH, Bai X. Unlocking the Potential: immune functions of oligodendrocyte precursor cells. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1425706. [PMID: 39044821 PMCID: PMC11263107 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1425706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) have long been regarded as progenitors of oligodendrocytes, yet recent advances have illuminated their multifaceted nature including their emerging immune functions. This review seeks to shed light on the immune functions exhibited by OPCs, spanning from phagocytosis to immune modulation and direct engagement with immune cells across various pathological scenarios. Comprehensive understanding of the immune functions of OPCs alongside their other roles will pave the way for targeted therapies in neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr Haroon
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine (CIPMM), University of Saarland, Homburg, Germany
| | - Harsha Seerapu
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine (CIPMM), University of Saarland, Homburg, Germany
| | - Li-Pao Fang
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine (CIPMM), University of Saarland, Homburg, Germany
- Center for Gender-specific Biology and Medicine (CGBM), University of Saarland, Homburg, Germany
| | - Jakob Heinrich Weß
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine (CIPMM), University of Saarland, Homburg, Germany
| | - Xianshu Bai
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine (CIPMM), University of Saarland, Homburg, Germany
- Center for Gender-specific Biology and Medicine (CGBM), University of Saarland, Homburg, Germany
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6
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Cheung HW, Schouw AD, Altunay ZM, Maddox JW, Kresic LC, McAllister BC, Caro K, Alam S, Huang A, Pijewski RS, Lee A, Martinelli DC. Creation of a novel CRISPR-generated allele to express HA epitope-tagged C1QL1 and improved methods for its detection at synapses. FEBS Lett 2024. [PMID: 38858133 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
C1QL1 is expressed in a subset of cells in the brain and likely has pleiotropic functions, including the regulation of neuron-to-neuron synapses. Research progress on C1QL proteins has been slowed by a dearth of available antibodies. Therefore, we created a novel knock-in mouse line in which an HA-tag is inserted into the endogenous C1ql1 locus. We examined the entire brain, identifying previously unappreciated nuclei expressing C1QL1, presumably in neurons. By total numbers, however, the large majority of C1QL1-expressing cells are of the oligodendrocyte lineage. Subcellular immunolocalization of synaptic cleft proteins is challenging, so we developed a new protocol to improve signal at synapses. Lastly, we compared various anti-HA antibodies to assist future investigations using this and likely other HA epitope-tagged alleles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiu W Cheung
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Alexander D Schouw
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Zeynep M Altunay
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - J Wesley Maddox
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas-Austin, TX, USA
| | - Lyndsay C Kresic
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Brenna C McAllister
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Keaven Caro
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Shahnawaz Alam
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Angie Huang
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas-Austin, TX, USA
| | - Robert S Pijewski
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
- Department of Biology, Anna Maria College, Paxton, MA, USA
| | - Amy Lee
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas-Austin, TX, USA
| | - David C Martinelli
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
- The Connecticut Institute for the Brain and Cognitive Sciences (IBACS), Storrs, CT, USA
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7
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Prince GS, Reynolds M, Martina V, Sun H. Gene-environmental regulation of the postnatal post-mitotic neuronal maturation. Trends Genet 2024; 40:480-494. [PMID: 38658255 PMCID: PMC11153025 DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2024.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Embryonic neurodevelopment, particularly neural progenitor differentiation into post-mitotic neurons, has been extensively studied. While the number and composition of post-mitotic neurons remain relatively constant from birth to adulthood, the brain undergoes significant postnatal maturation marked by major property changes frequently disrupted in neural diseases. This review first summarizes recent characterizations of the functional and molecular maturation of the postnatal nervous system. We then review regulatory mechanisms controlling the precise gene expression changes crucial for the intricate sequence of maturation events, highlighting experience-dependent versus cell-intrinsic genetic timer mechanisms. Despite significant advances in understanding of the gene-environmental regulation of postnatal neuronal maturation, many aspects remain unknown. The review concludes with our perspective on exciting future research directions in the next decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle S Prince
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Molly Reynolds
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Verdion Martina
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - HaoSheng Sun
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; Freeman Hrabowski Scholar, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA.
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8
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Huo A, Wang J, Li Q, Li M, Qi Y, Yin Q, Luo W, Shi J, Cong Q. Molecular mechanisms underlying microglial sensing and phagocytosis in synaptic pruning. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:1284-1290. [PMID: 37905877 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.385854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Microglia are the main non-neuronal cells in the central nervous system that have important roles in brain development and functional connectivity of neural circuits. In brain physiology, highly dynamic microglial processes are facilitated to sense the surrounding environment and stimuli. Once the brain switches its functional states, microglia are recruited to specific sites to exert their immune functions, including the release of cytokines and phagocytosis of cellular debris. The crosstalk of microglia between neurons, neural stem cells, endothelial cells, oligodendrocytes, and astrocytes contributes to their functions in synapse pruning, neurogenesis, vascularization, myelination, and blood-brain barrier permeability. In this review, we highlight the neuron-derived "find-me," "eat-me," and "don't eat-me" molecular signals that drive microglia in response to changes in neuronal activity for synapse refinement during brain development. This review reveals the molecular mechanism of neuron-microglia interaction in synaptic pruning and presents novel ideas for the synaptic pruning of microglia in disease, thereby providing important clues for discovery of target drugs and development of nervous system disease treatment methods targeting synaptic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anran Huo
- Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University; Institute of Neuroscience and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jiali Wang
- Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University; Institute of Neuroscience and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qi Li
- Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University; Institute of Neuroscience and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Mengqi Li
- Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University; Institute of Neuroscience and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yuwan Qi
- Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University; Institute of Neuroscience and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qiao Yin
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Weifeng Luo
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jijun Shi
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qifei Cong
- Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University; Institute of Neuroscience and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
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9
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Pan Y, Hysinger JD, Yalçın B, Lennon JJ, Byun YG, Raghavan P, Schindler NF, Anastasaki C, Chatterjee J, Ni L, Xu H, Malacon K, Jahan SM, Ivec AE, Aghoghovwia BE, Mount CW, Nagaraja S, Scheaffer S, Attardi LD, Gutmann DH, Monje M. Nf1 mutation disrupts activity-dependent oligodendroglial plasticity and motor learning in mice. Nat Neurosci 2024:10.1038/s41593-024-01654-y. [PMID: 38816530 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-024-01654-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Neurogenetic disorders, such as neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), can cause cognitive and motor impairments, traditionally attributed to intrinsic neuronal defects such as disruption of synaptic function. Activity-regulated oligodendroglial plasticity also contributes to cognitive and motor functions by tuning neural circuit dynamics. However, the relevance of oligodendroglial plasticity to neurological dysfunction in NF1 is unclear. Here we explore the contribution of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) to pathological features of the NF1 syndrome in mice. Both male and female littermates (4-24 weeks of age) were used equally in this study. We demonstrate that mice with global or OPC-specific Nf1 heterozygosity exhibit defects in activity-dependent oligodendrogenesis and harbor focal OPC hyperdensities with disrupted homeostatic OPC territorial boundaries. These OPC hyperdensities develop in a cell-intrinsic Nf1 mutation-specific manner due to differential PI3K/AKT activation. OPC-specific Nf1 loss impairs oligodendroglial differentiation and abrogates the normal oligodendroglial response to neuronal activity, leading to impaired motor learning performance. Collectively, these findings show that Nf1 mutation delays oligodendroglial development and disrupts activity-dependent OPC function essential for normal motor learning in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Pan
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Department of Symptom Research, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Jared D Hysinger
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Belgin Yalçın
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - James J Lennon
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Youkyeong Gloria Byun
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Preethi Raghavan
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Nicole F Schindler
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Corina Anastasaki
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jit Chatterjee
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Lijun Ni
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Haojun Xu
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Karen Malacon
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Samin M Jahan
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Alexis E Ivec
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Benjamin E Aghoghovwia
- Department of Symptom Research, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Christopher W Mount
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Surya Nagaraja
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Suzanne Scheaffer
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Laura D Attardi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - David H Gutmann
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| | - Michelle Monje
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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10
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Pandya VA, Patani R. The role of glial cells in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2024; 176:381-450. [PMID: 38802179 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2024.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) has traditionally been considered a neuron-centric disease. This view is now outdated, with increasing recognition of cell autonomous and non-cell autonomous contributions of central and peripheral nervous system glia to ALS pathomechanisms. With glial research rapidly accelerating, we comprehensively interrogate the roles of astrocytes, microglia, oligodendrocytes, ependymal cells, Schwann cells and satellite glia in nervous system physiology and ALS-associated pathology. Moreover, we highlight the inter-glial, glial-neuronal and inter-system polylogue which constitutes the healthy nervous system and destabilises in disease. We also propose classification based on function for complex glial reactive phenotypes and discuss the pre-requisite for integrative modelling to advance translation. Given the paucity of life-enhancing therapies currently available for ALS patients, we discuss the promising potential of harnessing glia in driving ALS therapeutic discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virenkumar A Pandya
- University College London Medical School, London, United Kingdom; The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Rickie Patani
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom; Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, United Kingdom.
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11
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Le T, Ferling I, Qiu L, Nabaile C, Assunção L, Roskelley CD, Grinstein S, Freeman SA. Redistribution of the glycocalyx exposes phagocytic determinants on apoptotic cells. Dev Cell 2024; 59:853-868.e7. [PMID: 38359833 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2024.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Phagocytes remove dead and dying cells by engaging "eat-me" ligands such as phosphatidylserine (PtdSer) on the surface of apoptotic targets. However, PtdSer is obscured by the bulky exofacial glycocalyx, which also exposes ligands that activate "don't-eat-me" receptors such as Siglecs. Clearly, unshielding the juxtamembrane "eat-me" ligands is required for the successful engulfment of apoptotic cells, but the mechanisms underlying this process have not been described. Using human and murine cells, we find that apoptosis-induced retraction and weakening of the cytoskeleton that anchors transmembrane proteins cause an inhomogeneous redistribution of the glycocalyx: actin-depleted blebs emerge, lacking the glycocalyx, while the rest of the apoptotic cell body retains sufficient actin to tether the glycocalyx in place. Thus, apoptotic blebs can be engaged by phagocytes and are targeted for engulfment. Therefore, in cells with an elaborate glycocalyx, such as mucinous cancer cells, this "don't-come-close-to-me" barrier must be removed to enable clearance by phagocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trieu Le
- Program in Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Iuliia Ferling
- Program in Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Lanhui Qiu
- Program in Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Clement Nabaile
- Department of Learning and Research in Biology, Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Leonardo Assunção
- Program in Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Calvin D Roskelley
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, the Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Sergio Grinstein
- Program in Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Spencer A Freeman
- Program in Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.
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12
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Yu Y, Chen R, Mao K, Deng M, Li Z. The Role of Glial Cells in Synaptic Dysfunction: Insights into Alzheimer's Disease Mechanisms. Aging Dis 2024; 15:459-479. [PMID: 37548934 PMCID: PMC10917533 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.0718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder that impacts a substantial number of individuals globally. Despite its widespread prevalence, there is currently no cure for AD. It is widely acknowledged that normal synaptic function holds a key role in memory, cognitive abilities, and the interneuronal transfer of information. As AD advances, symptoms including synaptic impairment, decreased synaptic density, and cognitive decline become increasingly noticeable. The importance of glial cells in the formation of synapses, the growth of neurons, brain maturation, and safeguarding the microenvironment of the central nervous system is well recognized. However, during AD progression, overactive glial cells can cause synaptic dysfunction, neuronal death, and abnormal neuroinflammation. Both neuroinflammation and synaptic dysfunction are present in the early stages of AD. Therefore, focusing on the changes in glia-synapse communication could provide insights into the mechanisms behind AD. In this review, we aim to provide a summary of the role of various glial cells, including microglia, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and oligodendrocyte precursor cells, in regulating synaptic dysfunction. This may offer a new perspective on investigating the underlying mechanisms of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yu
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Ran Chen
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.
- School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Kaiyue Mao
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.
- School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Maoyan Deng
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.
- School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Zhigang Li
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Active Substance Screening and Translational Research, Shenzhen, China.
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13
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Abay T, Stickels RR, Takizawa MT, Nalbant BN, Hsieh YH, Hwang S, Snopkowski C, Yu KKH, Abou-Mrad Z, Tabar V, Ludwig LS, Chaligné R, Satpathy AT, Lareau CA. Transcript-specific enrichment enables profiling rare cell states via scRNA-seq. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.27.587039. [PMID: 38586040 PMCID: PMC10996707 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.27.587039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Single-cell genomics technologies have accelerated our understanding of cell-state heterogeneity in diverse contexts. Although single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) identifies many rare populations of interest that express specific marker transcript combinations, traditional flow sorting limits our ability to enrich these populations for further profiling, including requiring cell surface markers with high-fidelity antibodies. Additionally, many single-cell studies require the isolation of nuclei from tissue, eliminating the ability to enrich learned rare cell states based on extranuclear protein markers. To address these limitations, we describe Programmable Enrichment via RNA Flow-FISH by sequencing (PERFF-seq), a scalable assay that enables scRNA-seq profiling of subpopulations from complex cellular mixtures defined by the presence or absence of specific RNA transcripts. Across immune populations (n = 141,227 cells) and fresh-frozen and formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded brain tissue (n = 29,522 nuclei), we demonstrate the sorting logic that can be used to enrich for cell populations via RNA-based cytometry followed by high-throughput scRNA-seq. Our approach provides a rational, programmable method for studying rare populations identified by one or more marker transcripts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsion Abay
- Gladstone-UCSF Institute of Genomic Immunology, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford CA, USA
- Program in Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Robert R. Stickels
- Gladstone-UCSF Institute of Genomic Immunology, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford CA, USA
| | - Meril T. Takizawa
- Single-cell Analytics Innovation Lab, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Benan N. Nalbant
- Computational and Systems Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yu-Hsin Hsieh
- Computational and Systems Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology (BIMSB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Sidney Hwang
- Gladstone-UCSF Institute of Genomic Immunology, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford CA, USA
| | - Catherine Snopkowski
- Single-cell Analytics Innovation Lab, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kenny Kwok Hei Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zaki Abou-Mrad
- Department of Neurosurgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Viviane Tabar
- Department of Neurosurgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Leif S. Ludwig
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology (BIMSB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Ronan Chaligné
- Single-cell Analytics Innovation Lab, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ansuman T. Satpathy
- Gladstone-UCSF Institute of Genomic Immunology, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford CA, USA
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Caleb A. Lareau
- Computational and Systems Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
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14
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Van Steenwinckel J, Bokobza C, Laforge M, Shearer IK, Miron VE, Rua R, Matta SM, Hill‐Yardin EL, Fleiss B, Gressens P. Key roles of glial cells in the encephalopathy of prematurity. Glia 2024; 72:475-503. [PMID: 37909340 PMCID: PMC10952406 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Across the globe, approximately one in 10 babies are born preterm, that is, before 37 weeks of a typical 40 weeks of gestation. Up to 50% of preterm born infants develop brain injury, encephalopathy of prematurity (EoP), that substantially increases their risk for developing lifelong defects in motor skills and domains of learning, memory, emotional regulation, and cognition. We are still severely limited in our abilities to prevent or predict preterm birth. No longer just the "support cells," we now clearly understand that during development glia are key for building a healthy brain. Glial dysfunction is a hallmark of EoP, notably, microgliosis, astrogliosis, and oligodendrocyte injury. Our knowledge of glial biology during development is exponentially expanding but hasn't developed sufficiently for development of effective neuroregenerative therapies. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge for the roles of glia in infants with EoP and its animal models, and a description of known glial-cell interactions in the context of EoP, such as the roles for border-associated macrophages. The field of perinatal medicine is relatively small but has worked passionately to improve our understanding of the etiology of EoP coupled with detailed mechanistic studies of pre-clinical and human cohorts. A primary finding from this review is that expanding our collaborations with computational biologists, working together to understand the complexity of glial subtypes, glial maturation, and the impacts of EoP in the short and long term will be key to the design of therapies that improve outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cindy Bokobza
- NeuroDiderot, INSERMUniversité Paris CitéParisFrance
| | | | - Isabelle K. Shearer
- School of Health and Biomedical SciencesSTEM College, RMIT UniversityBundooraVictoriaAustralia
| | - Veronique E. Miron
- Barlo Multiple Sclerosis CentreSt. Michael's HospitalTorontoOntarioCanada
- Department of ImmunologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
- College of Medicine and Veterinary MedicineThe Dementia Research Institute at The University of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Rejane Rua
- CNRS, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille‐Luminy (CIML), Turing Centre for Living SystemsAix‐Marseille UniversityMarseilleFrance
| | - Samantha M. Matta
- School of Health and Biomedical SciencesSTEM College, RMIT UniversityBundooraVictoriaAustralia
| | - Elisa L. Hill‐Yardin
- School of Health and Biomedical SciencesSTEM College, RMIT UniversityBundooraVictoriaAustralia
| | - Bobbi Fleiss
- NeuroDiderot, INSERMUniversité Paris CitéParisFrance
- School of Health and Biomedical SciencesSTEM College, RMIT UniversityBundooraVictoriaAustralia
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15
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Hill RA, Nishiyama A, Hughes EG. Features, Fates, and Functions of Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2024; 16:a041425. [PMID: 38052500 PMCID: PMC10910408 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) are a central nervous system resident population of glia with a distinct molecular identity and an ever-increasing list of functions. OPCs generate oligodendrocytes throughout development and across the life span in most regions of the brain and spinal cord. This process involves a complex coordination of molecular checkpoints and biophysical cues from the environment that initiate the differentiation and integration of new oligodendrocytes that synthesize myelin sheaths on axons. Outside of their progenitor role, OPCs have been proposed to play other functions including the modulation of axonal and synaptic development and the participation in bidirectional signaling with neurons and other glia. Here, we review OPC identity and known functions and discuss recent findings implying other roles for these glial cells in brain physiology and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Hill
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, USA
| | - Akiko Nishiyama
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - Ethan G Hughes
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045, USA
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16
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González-González MA, Conde SV, Latorre R, Thébault SC, Pratelli M, Spitzer NC, Verkhratsky A, Tremblay MÈ, Akcora CG, Hernández-Reynoso AG, Ecker M, Coates J, Vincent KL, Ma B. Bioelectronic Medicine: a multidisciplinary roadmap from biophysics to precision therapies. Front Integr Neurosci 2024; 18:1321872. [PMID: 38440417 PMCID: PMC10911101 DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2024.1321872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Bioelectronic Medicine stands as an emerging field that rapidly evolves and offers distinctive clinical benefits, alongside unique challenges. It consists of the modulation of the nervous system by precise delivery of electrical current for the treatment of clinical conditions, such as post-stroke movement recovery or drug-resistant disorders. The unquestionable clinical impact of Bioelectronic Medicine is underscored by the successful translation to humans in the last decades, and the long list of preclinical studies. Given the emergency of accelerating the progress in new neuromodulation treatments (i.e., drug-resistant hypertension, autoimmune and degenerative diseases), collaboration between multiple fields is imperative. This work intends to foster multidisciplinary work and bring together different fields to provide the fundamental basis underlying Bioelectronic Medicine. In this review we will go from the biophysics of the cell membrane, which we consider the inner core of neuromodulation, to patient care. We will discuss the recently discovered mechanism of neurotransmission switching and how it will impact neuromodulation design, and we will provide an update on neuronal and glial basis in health and disease. The advances in biomedical technology have facilitated the collection of large amounts of data, thereby introducing new challenges in data analysis. We will discuss the current approaches and challenges in high throughput data analysis, encompassing big data, networks, artificial intelligence, and internet of things. Emphasis will be placed on understanding the electrochemical properties of neural interfaces, along with the integration of biocompatible and reliable materials and compliance with biomedical regulations for translational applications. Preclinical validation is foundational to the translational process, and we will discuss the critical aspects of such animal studies. Finally, we will focus on the patient point-of-care and challenges in neuromodulation as the ultimate goal of bioelectronic medicine. This review is a call to scientists from different fields to work together with a common endeavor: accelerate the decoding and modulation of the nervous system in a new era of therapeutic possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Alejandra González-González
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Silvia V. Conde
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NOVA University, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ramon Latorre
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Stéphanie C. Thébault
- Laboratorio de Investigación Traslacional en salud visual (D-13), Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Marta Pratelli
- Neurobiology Department, Kavli Institute for Brain and Mind, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Nicholas C. Spitzer
- Neurobiology Department, Kavli Institute for Brain and Mind, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Alexei Verkhratsky
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Achucarro Centre for Neuroscience, IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
- Department of Forensic Analytical Toxicology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- International Collaborative Center on Big Science Plan for Purinergic Signaling, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Marie-Ève Tremblay
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Cuneyt G. Akcora
- Department of Computer Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States
| | | | - Melanie Ecker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, United States
| | | | - Kathleen L. Vincent
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Brandy Ma
- Stanley H. Appel Department of Neurology, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
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17
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Yang J, Du C, Li Y, Liu R, Jing C, Xie J, Wang J. Contrasting Iron Metabolism in Undifferentiated Versus Differentiated MO3.13 Oligodendrocytes via IL-1β-Induced Iron Regulatory Protein 1. Neurochem Res 2024; 49:466-476. [PMID: 37917337 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-023-04047-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons and the accumulation of iron in the substantia nigra. While iron accumulation and inflammation are implicated in PD pathogenesis, their impact on oligodendrocytes, the brain's myelin-forming cells, remains elusive. This study investigated the influence of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), an elevated proinflammatory cytokine in PD, on iron-related proteins in MO3.13 oligodendrocytes. We found that IL-1β treatment in undifferentiated MO3.13 oligodendrocytes increased iron regulatory protein 1 and transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) expression while decreasing ferroportin 1 (FPN1) expression. Consequently, iron uptake was enhanced, and iron release was reduced, leading to intracellular iron accumulation. Conversely, IL-1β treatment in differentiated MO3.13 oligodendrocytes exhibited the opposite effect, with decreased TfR1 expression, increased FPN1 expression, and reduced iron uptake. These findings suggest that IL-1β-induced dysregulation of iron metabolism in oligodendrocytes may contribute to the pathological processes observed in PD. IL-1β can increase the iron content in undifferentiated oligodendrocytes, thus facilitating the differentiation of undifferentiated MO3.13 oligodendrocytes. In differentiated oligodendrocytes, IL-1β may facilitate iron release, providing a potential source of iron for neighboring dopaminergic neurons, thereby initiating a cascade of deleterious events. This study provides valuable insights into the intricate interplay between inflammation, abnormal iron accumulation, and oligodendrocyte dysfunction in PD. Targeting the IL-1β-mediated alterations in iron metabolism may hold therapeutic potential for mitigating neurodegeneration and preserving dopaminergic function in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahua Yang
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Chenchen Du
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Institute of Senior Care and Art, Guangdong Vocational College of Hotel Management, Dongguan, China
| | - Yinghui Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Rong Liu
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Cuiting Jing
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Junxia Xie
- Institute of Brain Science and Disease, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Jun Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.
- Institute of Brain Science and Disease, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.
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18
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Wen L, Bi D, Shen Y. Complement-mediated synapse loss in Alzheimer's disease: mechanisms and involvement of risk factors. Trends Neurosci 2024; 47:135-149. [PMID: 38129195 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2023.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The complement system is increasingly recognized as a key player in the synapse loss and cognitive impairments observed in Alzheimer's disease (AD). In particular, the process of complement-dependent synaptic pruning through phagocytosis is over-activated in AD brains, driving detrimental excessive synapse elimination and contributing to synapse loss, which is the strongest neurobiological correlate of cognitive impairments in AD. Herein we review recent advances in characterizing complement-mediated synapse loss in AD, summarize the underlying mechanisms, and discuss the possible involvement of AD risk factors such as aging and various risk genes. We conclude with an overview of key questions that remain to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lang Wen
- Department of Neurology and Institute on Aging and Brain Disorders, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Neurodegenerative Disease Research Center, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Danlei Bi
- Department of Neurology and Institute on Aging and Brain Disorders, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Neurodegenerative Disease Research Center, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomedical Aging Research, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, 230026, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Yong Shen
- Department of Neurology and Institute on Aging and Brain Disorders, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Neurodegenerative Disease Research Center, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomedical Aging Research, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
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19
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Chen D, Lou Q, Song XJ, Kang F, Liu A, Zheng C, Li Y, Wang D, Qun S, Zhang Z, Cao P, Jin Y. Microglia govern the extinction of acute stress-induced anxiety-like behaviors in male mice. Nat Commun 2024; 15:449. [PMID: 38200023 PMCID: PMC10781988 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-44704-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Anxiety-associated symptoms following acute stress usually become extinct gradually within a period of time. However, the mechanisms underlying how individuals cope with stress to achieve the extinction of anxiety are not clear. Here we show that acute restraint stress causes an increase in the activity of GABAergic neurons in the CeA (GABACeA) in male mice, resulting in anxiety-like behaviors within 12 hours; meanwhile, elevated GABACeA neuronal CX3CL1 secretion via MST4 (mammalian sterile-20-like kinase 4)-NF-κB-CX3CL1 signaling consequently activates microglia in the CeA. Activated microglia in turn inhibit GABACeA neuronal activity via the engulfment of their dendritic spines, ultimately leading to the extinction of anxiety-like behaviors induced by restraint stress. These findings reveal a dynamic molecular and cellular mechanism in which microglia drive a negative feedback to inhibit GABACeA neuronal activity, thus facilitating maintenance of brain homeostasis in response to acute stress.
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Grants
- 32025017 National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China)
- 32121002 National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China)
- 82101300 National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China)
- U22A20305 National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China)
- the National Key Research and Development Program of China (STI2030-Major Projects 2021ZD0203100), Plans for Major Provincial Science & Technology Projects (202303a07020002), the CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research (YSBR-013), the Innovative Research Team of High-level Local Universities in Shanghai (SHSMU-ZDCX20211902), the Institute of Health and Medicine (OYZD20220007)
- the China National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents (BX20220283), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2023M733395)
- Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS, CAS Collaborative Innovation Program of Hefei Science Center (2021HSC-CIP013), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (WK9100000030), USTC Research Funds of the Double First-Class Initiative (YD9100002018), the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province (2208085J30), and USTC Tang Scholar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyang Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Qianqian Lou
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Xiang-Jie Song
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Fang Kang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - An Liu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Changjian Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Yanhua Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Di Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Sen Qun
- Stroke Center and Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Zhi Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.
- The Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine, Institute of Health and Medicine, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.
| | - Peng Cao
- Stroke Center and Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.
| | - Yan Jin
- Stroke Center and Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.
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20
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Brousse B, Mercier O, Magalon K, Gubellini P, Malapert P, Cayre M, Durbec P. Characterization of a new mouse line triggering transient oligodendrocyte progenitor depletion. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21959. [PMID: 38081969 PMCID: PMC10713661 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48926-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPC) are the main proliferative cells in the healthy adult brain. They produce new myelinating oligodendrocytes to ensure physiological myelin remodeling and regeneration after various pathological insults. Growing evidence suggests that OPC have other functions. Here, we aimed to develop an experimental model that allows the specific ablation of OPC at the adult stage to unravel possible new functions. We generated a transgenic mouse expressing a floxed human diphtheria toxin receptor under the control of the PDGFRa promoter, crossed with an Olig2Cre mouse to limit the recombination to the oligodendrocyte lineage in the central nervous system. We determined a diphtheria toxin dose to substantially decrease OPC density in the cortex and the corpus callosum without triggering side toxicity after a few daily injections. OPC density was normalized 7 days post-treatment, showing high repopulation capacity from few surviving OPC. We took advantage of this strong but transient depletion to show that OPC loss was associated with behavioral impairment, which was restored by OPC recovery, as well as disruption of the excitation/inhibition balance in the sensorimotor cortex, reinforcing the hypothesis of a neuromodulatory role of OPC in the adult brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Brousse
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IBDM UMR7288, Case 907, Parc Scientifique de Luminy, 13288, Marseille Cedex 09, France
| | - O Mercier
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IBDM UMR7288, Case 907, Parc Scientifique de Luminy, 13288, Marseille Cedex 09, France
| | - K Magalon
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IBDM UMR7288, Case 907, Parc Scientifique de Luminy, 13288, Marseille Cedex 09, France
| | - P Gubellini
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IBDM UMR7288, Case 907, Parc Scientifique de Luminy, 13288, Marseille Cedex 09, France
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, LNC UMR7291, 3 Place Victor Hugo, 13331, Marseille Cedex 3, France
| | - P Malapert
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IBDM UMR7288, Case 907, Parc Scientifique de Luminy, 13288, Marseille Cedex 09, France
| | - M Cayre
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IBDM UMR7288, Case 907, Parc Scientifique de Luminy, 13288, Marseille Cedex 09, France
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, LNC UMR7291, 3 Place Victor Hugo, 13331, Marseille Cedex 3, France
| | - P Durbec
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IBDM UMR7288, Case 907, Parc Scientifique de Luminy, 13288, Marseille Cedex 09, France.
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21
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Fang LP, Bai X. Implications of Olig2 silencing in oligodendrocyte precursor cells. Neural Regen Res 2023; 18:2649-2650. [PMID: 37449605 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.373666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Pao Fang
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Saarland, Homburg, Germany
| | - Xianshu Bai
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Saarland, Homburg, Germany
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22
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Taylor KR, Monje M. Neuron-oligodendroglial interactions in health and malignant disease. Nat Rev Neurosci 2023; 24:733-746. [PMID: 37857838 PMCID: PMC10859969 DOI: 10.1038/s41583-023-00744-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Experience sculpts brain structure and function. Activity-dependent modulation of the myelinated infrastructure of the nervous system has emerged as a dimension of adaptive change during childhood development and in adulthood. Myelination is a richly dynamic process, with neuronal activity regulating oligodendrocyte precursor cell proliferation, oligodendrogenesis and myelin structural changes in some axonal subtypes and in some regions of the nervous system. This myelin plasticity and consequent changes to conduction velocity and circuit dynamics can powerfully influence neurological functions, including learning and memory. Conversely, disruption of the mechanisms mediating adaptive myelination can contribute to cognitive impairment. The robust effects of neuronal activity on normal oligodendroglial precursor cells, a putative cellular origin for many forms of glioma, indicates that dysregulated or 'hijacked' mechanisms of myelin plasticity could similarly promote growth in this devastating group of brain cancers. Indeed, neuronal activity promotes the pathogenesis of many forms of glioma in preclinical models through activity-regulated paracrine factors and direct neuron-to-glioma synapses. This synaptic integration of glioma into neural circuits is central to tumour growth and invasion. Thus, not only do neuron-oligodendroglial interactions modulate neural circuit structure and function in the healthy brain, but neuron-glioma interactions also have important roles in the pathogenesis of glial malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn R Taylor
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Michelle Monje
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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23
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Marin MA, Gleichman AJ, Wei X, Whittaker DS, Mody I, Colwell CS, Carmichael ST. Motor Activity-Induced White Matter Repair in White Matter Stroke. J Neurosci 2023; 43:8126-8139. [PMID: 37821228 PMCID: PMC10697402 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0631-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Subcortical white matter stroke (WMS) is a progressive disorder which is demarcated by the formation of small ischemic lesions along white matter tracts in the CNS. As lesions accumulate, patients begin to experience severe motor and cognitive decline. Despite its high rate of incidence in the human population, our understanding of the cause and outcome of WMS is extremely limited. As such, viable therapies for WMS remain to be seen. This study characterizes myelin recovery following stroke and motor learning-based rehabilitation in a mouse model of subcortical WMS. Following WMS, a transient increase in differentiating oligodendrocytes occurs within the peri-infarct in young male adult mice, which is completely abolished in male aged mice. Compound action potential recording demonstrates a decrease in conduction velocity of myelinated axons at the peri-infarct. Animals were then tested on one of three distinct motor learning-based rehabilitation strategies (skilled reach, restricted access to a complex running wheel, and unrestricted access to a complex running wheel) for their capacity to induce repair. These studies determined that unrestricted access to a complex running wheel alone increases the density of differentiating oligodendrocytes in infarcted white matter in young adult male mice, which is abolished in aged male mice. Unrestricted access to a complex running wheel was also able to enhance conduction velocity of myelinated axons at the peri-infarct to a speed comparable to naive controls suggesting functional recovery. However, there was no evidence of motor rehabilitation-induced remyelination or myelin protection.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT White matter stroke is a common disease with no medical therapy. A form of motor rehabilitation improves some aspects of white matter repair and recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A Marin
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Amy J Gleichman
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Xiaofei Wei
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Daniel S Whittaker
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Istvan Mody
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Christopher S Colwell
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - S Thomas Carmichael
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095
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24
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Benarroch E. What Are the Roles of Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells in Normal and Pathologic Conditions? Neurology 2023; 101:958-965. [PMID: 37985182 PMCID: PMC10663025 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000208000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
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25
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Gaunt JR, Zainolabidin N, Yip AKK, Tan JM, Low AYT, Chen AI, Ch'ng TH. Cytokine enrichment in deep cerebellar nuclei is contributed by multiple glial populations and linked to reduced amyloid plaque pathology. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:269. [PMID: 37978387 PMCID: PMC10656954 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02913-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology and amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaque deposition progress slowly in the cerebellum compared to other brain regions, while the entorhinal cortex (EC) is one of the most vulnerable regions. Using a knock-in AD mouse model (App KI), we show that within the cerebellum, the deep cerebellar nuclei (DCN) has particularly low accumulation of Aβ plaques. To identify factors that might underlie differences in the progression of AD-associated neuropathology across regions, we profiled gene expression in single nuclei (snRNAseq) across all cell types in the DCN and EC of wild-type (WT) and App KI male mice at age 7 months. We found differences in expression of genes associated with inflammatory activation, PI3K-AKT signalling, and neuron support functions between both regions and genotypes. In WT mice, the expression of interferon-response genes in microglia is higher in the DCN than the EC and this enrichment is confirmed by RNA in situ hybridisation, and measurement of inflammatory cytokines by protein array. Our analyses also revealed that multiple glial populations are responsible for establishing this cytokine-enriched niche. Furthermore, homogenates derived from the DCN induced inflammatory gene expression in BV2 microglia. We also assessed the relationship between the DCN microenvironment and Aβ pathology by depleting microglia using a CSF1R inhibitor PLX5622 and saw that, surprisingly, the expression of a subset of inflammatory cytokines was increased while plaque abundance in the DCN was further reduced. Overall, our study revealed the presence of a cytokine-enriched microenvironment unique to the DCN that when modulated, can alter plaque deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica R Gaunt
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Clinical Science Building, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore, 308232, Singapore
| | - Norliyana Zainolabidin
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Clinical Science Building, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore, 308232, Singapore
| | - Alaric K K Yip
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Clinical Science Building, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore, 308232, Singapore
| | - Jia Min Tan
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Clinical Science Building, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore, 308232, Singapore
| | - Aloysius Y T Low
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Albert I Chen
- Center for Aging Research, Scintillon Institute, 6868 Nancy Ridge Drive, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA.
- Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Salk Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
| | - Toh Hean Ch'ng
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Clinical Science Building, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore, 308232, Singapore.
- School of Biological Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 63755, Singapore.
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26
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Starkey J, Horstick EJ, Ackerman SD. Glial regulation of critical period plasticity. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1247335. [PMID: 38034592 PMCID: PMC10687281 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1247335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Animal behavior, from simple to complex, is dependent on the faithful wiring of neurons into functional neural circuits. Neural circuits undergo dramatic experience-dependent remodeling during brief developmental windows called critical periods. Environmental experience during critical periods of plasticity produces sustained changes to circuit function and behavior. Precocious critical period closure is linked to autism spectrum disorders, whereas extended synaptic remodeling is thought to underlie circuit dysfunction in schizophrenia. Thus, resolving the mechanisms that instruct critical period timing is important to our understanding of neurodevelopmental disorders. Control of critical period timing is modulated by neuron-intrinsic cues, yet recent data suggest that some determinants are derived from neighboring glial cells (astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes). As glia make up 50% of the human brain, understanding how these diverse cells communicate with neurons and with each other to sculpt neural plasticity, especially during specialized critical periods, is essential to our fundamental understanding of circuit development and maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Starkey
- Department of Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Eric J. Horstick
- Department of Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Sarah D. Ackerman
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Brain Immunology and Glia Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
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27
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Rojo D, Dal Cengio L, Badner A, Kim S, Sakai N, Greene J, Dierckx T, Mehl LC, Eisinger E, Ransom J, Arellano-Garcia C, Gumma ME, Soyk RL, Lewis CM, Lam M, Weigel MK, Damonte VM, Yalçın B, Jones SE, Ollila HM, Nishino S, Gibson EM. BMAL1 loss in oligodendroglia contributes to abnormal myelination and sleep. Neuron 2023; 111:3604-3618.e11. [PMID: 37657440 PMCID: PMC10873033 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Myelination depends on the maintenance of oligodendrocytes that arise from oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs). We show that OPC-specific proliferation, morphology, and BMAL1 are time-of-day dependent. Knockout of Bmal1 in mouse OPCs during development disrupts the expression of genes associated with circadian rhythms, proliferation, density, morphology, and migration, leading to changes in OPC dynamics in a spatiotemporal manner. Furthermore, these deficits translate into thinner myelin, dysregulated cognitive and motor functions, and sleep fragmentation. OPC-specific Bmal1 loss in adulthood does not alter OPC density at baseline but impairs the remyelination of a demyelinated lesion driven by changes in OPC morphology and migration. Lastly, we show that sleep fragmentation is associated with increased prevalence of the demyelinating disorder multiple sclerosis (MS), suggesting a link between MS and sleep that requires further investigation. These findings have broad mechanistic and therapeutic implications for brain disorders that include both myelin and sleep phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Rojo
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Louisa Dal Cengio
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Anna Badner
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Samuel Kim
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Noriaki Sakai
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jacob Greene
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Tess Dierckx
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Lindsey C Mehl
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA; Cancer Biology Graduate Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ella Eisinger
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Julia Ransom
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Caroline Arellano-Garcia
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA; Biology Graduate Program, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Mohammad E Gumma
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Rebecca L Soyk
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Cheyanne M Lewis
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Mable Lam
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Maya K Weigel
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA; Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Valentina Martinez Damonte
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Belgin Yalçın
- Department of Neurology & Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Samuel E Jones
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Hanna M Ollila
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Seiji Nishino
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Erin M Gibson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA.
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28
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Zou P, Wu C, Liu TCY, Duan R, Yang L. Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells in Alzheimer's disease: from physiology to pathology. Transl Neurodegener 2023; 12:52. [PMID: 37964328 PMCID: PMC10644503 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-023-00385-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) play pivotal roles in myelin formation and phagocytosis, communicating with neighboring cells and contributing to the integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). However, under the pathological circumstances of Alzheimer's disease (AD), the brain's microenvironment undergoes detrimental changes that significantly impact OPCs and their functions. Starting with OPC functions, we delve into the transformation of OPCs to myelin-producing oligodendrocytes, the intricate signaling interactions with other cells in the central nervous system (CNS), and the fascinating process of phagocytosis, which influences the function of OPCs and affects CNS homeostasis. Moreover, we discuss the essential role of OPCs in BBB formation and highlight the critical contribution of OPCs in forming CNS-protective barriers. In the context of AD, the deterioration of the local microenvironment in the brain is discussed, mainly focusing on neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and the accumulation of toxic proteins. The detrimental changes disturb the delicate balance in the brain, impacting the regenerative capacity of OPCs and compromising myelin integrity. Under pathological conditions, OPCs experience significant alterations in migration and proliferation, leading to impaired differentiation and a reduced ability to produce mature oligodendrocytes. Moreover, myelin degeneration and formation become increasingly active in AD, contributing to progressive neurodegeneration. Finally, we summarize the current therapeutic approaches targeting OPCs in AD. Strategies to revitalize OPC senescence, modulate signaling pathways to enhance OPC differentiation, and explore other potential therapeutic avenues are promising in alleviating the impact of AD on OPCs and CNS function. In conclusion, this review highlights the indispensable role of OPCs in CNS function and their involvement in the pathogenesis of AD. The intricate interplay between OPCs and the AD brain microenvironment underscores the complexity of neurodegenerative diseases. Insights from studying OPCs under pathological conditions provide a foundation for innovative therapeutic strategies targeting OPCs and fostering neurodegeneration. Future research will advance our understanding and management of neurodegenerative diseases, ultimately offering hope for effective treatments and improved quality of life for those affected by AD and related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peibin Zou
- Laboratory of Exercise and Neurobiology, School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA, 71103, USA
| | - Chongyun Wu
- Laboratory of Exercise and Neurobiology, School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Timon Cheng-Yi Liu
- Laboratory of Exercise and Neurobiology, School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Rui Duan
- Laboratory of Exercise and Neurobiology, School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Luodan Yang
- Laboratory of Exercise and Neurobiology, School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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29
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Shimizu T, Nayar SG, Swire M, Jiang Y, Grist M, Kaller M, Sampaio Baptista C, Bannerman DM, Johansen-Berg H, Ogasawara K, Tohyama K, Li H, Richardson WD. Oligodendrocyte dynamics dictate cognitive performance outcomes of working memory training in mice. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6499. [PMID: 37838794 PMCID: PMC10576739 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42293-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous work has shown that motor skill learning stimulates and requires generation of myelinating oligodendrocytes (OLs) from their precursor cells (OLPs) in the brains of adult mice. In the present study we ask whether OL production is also required for non-motor learning and cognition, using T-maze and radial-arm-maze tasks that tax spatial working memory. We find that maze training stimulates OLP proliferation and OL production in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), anterior corpus callosum (genu), dorsal thalamus and hippocampal formation of adult male mice; myelin sheath formation is also stimulated in the genu. Genetic blockade of OL differentiation and neo-myelination in Myrf conditional-knockout mice strongly impairs training-induced improvements in maze performance. We find a strong positive correlation between the performance of individual wild type mice and the scale of OLP proliferation and OL generation during training, but not with the number or intensity of c-Fos+ neurons in their mPFC, underscoring the important role played by OL lineage cells in cognitive processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Shimizu
- Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Stuart G Nayar
- Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Matthew Swire
- Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Yi Jiang
- Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Matthew Grist
- Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Malte Kaller
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Cassandra Sampaio Baptista
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
- Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, 62 Hillhead Street, G12 8QB, Glasgow, UK
| | - David M Bannerman
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Heidi Johansen-Berg
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Katsutoshi Ogasawara
- Technical Support Center for Life Science Research, Iwate Medical University, 1-1-1 Idaidori, Yahabacho, Shiwa-gun, Morioka, Iwate, 028-3694, Japan
| | - Koujiro Tohyama
- Department of Physiology, Iwate Medical University, 1-1-1 Idaidori, Yahabacho, Shiwa-gun, Morioka, Iwate, 028-3694, Japan
| | - Huiliang Li
- Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - William D Richardson
- Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
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30
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Tsuboguchi S, Nakamura Y, Ishihara T, Kato T, Sato T, Koyama A, Mori H, Koike Y, Onodera O, Ueno M. TDP-43 differentially propagates to induce antero- and retrograde degeneration in the corticospinal circuits in mouse focal ALS models. Acta Neuropathol 2023; 146:611-629. [PMID: 37555859 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-023-02615-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by TDP-43 inclusions in the cortical and spinal motor neurons. It remains unknown whether and how pathogenic TDP-43 spreads across neural connections to progress degenerative processes in the cortico-spinal motor circuitry. Here we established novel mouse ALS models that initially induced mutant TDP-43 inclusions in specific neuronal or cell types in the motor circuits, and investigated whether TDP-43 and relevant pathological processes spread across neuronal or cellular connections. We first developed ALS models that primarily induced TDP-43 inclusions in the corticospinal neurons, spinal motor neurons, or forelimb skeletal muscle, by using adeno-associated virus (AAV) expressing mutant TDP-43. We found that TDP-43 induced in the corticospinal neurons was transported along the axons anterogradely and transferred to the oligodendrocytes along the corticospinal tract (CST), coinciding with mild axon degeneration. In contrast, TDP-43 introduced in the spinal motor neurons did not spread retrogradely to the cortical or spinal neurons; however, it induced an extreme loss of spinal motor neurons and subsequent degeneration of neighboring spinal neurons, suggesting a degenerative propagation in a retrograde manner in the spinal cord. The intraspinal degeneration further led to severe muscle atrophy. Finally, TDP-43 induced in the skeletal muscle did not propagate pathological events to spinal neurons retrogradely. Our data revealed that mutant TDP-43 spread across neuro-glial connections anterogradely in the corticospinal pathway, whereas it exhibited different retrograde degenerative properties in the spinal circuits. This suggests that pathogenic TDP-43 may induce distinct antero- and retrograde mechanisms of degeneration in the motor system in ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shintaro Tsuboguchi
- Department of Neurology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Niigata, 951-8585, Japan
| | - Yuka Nakamura
- Department of System Pathology for Neurological Disorders, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Ishihara
- Department of Neurology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Niigata, 951-8585, Japan
| | - Taisuke Kato
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Tokiharu Sato
- Department of System Pathology for Neurological Disorders, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Akihide Koyama
- Division of Legal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hideki Mori
- Department of Neurology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Niigata, 951-8585, Japan
| | - Yuka Koike
- Department of Neurology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Niigata, 951-8585, Japan
| | - Osamu Onodera
- Department of Neurology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Niigata, 951-8585, Japan.
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan.
| | - Masaki Ueno
- Department of System Pathology for Neurological Disorders, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan.
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31
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Lu TY, Hanumaihgari P, Hsu ET, Agarwal A, Kawaguchi R, Calabresi PA, Bergles DE. Norepinephrine modulates calcium dynamics in cortical oligodendrocyte precursor cells promoting proliferation during arousal in mice. Nat Neurosci 2023; 26:1739-1750. [PMID: 37697112 PMCID: PMC10630072 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-023-01426-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Oligodendrocytes, the myelinating cells of the central nervous system (CNS), are generated from oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) that express neurotransmitter receptors. However, the mechanisms that affect OPC activity in vivo and the physiological roles of neurotransmitter signaling in OPCs are unclear. In this study, we generated a transgenic mouse line that expresses membrane-anchored GCaMP6s in OPCs and used longitudinal two-photon microscopy to monitor OPC calcium (Ca2+) dynamics in the cerebral cortex. OPCs exhibit focal and transient Ca2+ increases within their processes that are enhanced during locomotion-induced increases in arousal. The Ca2+ transients occur independently of excitatory neuron activity, rapidly decline when OPCs differentiate and are inhibited by anesthesia, sedative agents or noradrenergic receptor antagonists. Conditional knockout of α1A adrenergic receptors in OPCs suppresses spontaneous and locomotion-induced Ca2+ increases and reduces OPC proliferation. Our results demonstrate that OPCs are directly modulated by norepinephrine in vivo to enhance Ca2+ dynamics and promote population homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsai-Yi Lu
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Priyanka Hanumaihgari
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Eric T Hsu
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Amit Agarwal
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Chica and Heinz Schaller Research Group, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Riki Kawaguchi
- Department of Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Peter A Calabresi
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Neurology, Division of Neuroimmunology and Neurological Infections, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Dwight E Bergles
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Kavli Neuroscience Discovery Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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32
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Xiao Y, Czopka T. Myelination-independent functions of oligodendrocyte precursor cells in health and disease. Nat Neurosci 2023; 26:1663-1669. [PMID: 37653126 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-023-01423-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) are a population of tissue-resident glial cells found throughout the CNS, constituting approximately 5% of all CNS cells and persisting from development to adulthood and aging. The canonical role of OPCs is to give rise to myelinating oligodendrocytes. However, additional functions of OPCs beyond this traditional role as precursors have been suggested for a long time. In this Perspective, we provide an overview of the multiple myelination-independent functions that have been described for OPCs in the context of neuron development, angiogenesis, inflammatory response, axon regeneration and their recently discovered roles in neural circuit remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xiao
- Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Tim Czopka
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
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33
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Tang X, Wang Z, Wang M, Zhou S, Chen J, Xu S. Nanoarchitectonics of cellulose nanocrystal conjugated with a tetrasaccharide-glycoprobe for targeting oligodendrocyte precursor cells. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 317:121086. [PMID: 37364956 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Demyelination is a serious complication of neurological disorders, which can be reversed by oligodendrocyte precursor cell (OPC) as the available source of myelination. Chondroitin sulfate (CS) plays key roles in neurological disorders, which still attracted less attention on how CS modulates the fate of OPCs. Nanoparticle coupled with glycoprobe is a potential strategy for investigating the carbohydrate-protein interaction. However, there is lack of CS-based glycoprobe with enough chain length that interact with protein effectively. Herein, we designed a responsive delivery system, in which CS was the target molecule, and cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) was the penetrative nanocarrier. A coumarin derivative (B) was conjugated at the reducing end of an unanimal-sourced chondroitin tetrasaccharide (4mer). This glycoprobe (4B) was grafted to the surface of a rod-like nanocarrier, which had a crystalline core and a poly(ethylene glycol) shell. This glycosylated nanoparticle (N4B-P) displayed a uniform size, improved water-solubility, and responsive release of glycoprobe. N4B-P displayed strong green fluorescence and good cell-compatibility, which imaged well the neural cells including astrocytes and OPCs. Interestingly, both of glycoprobe and N4B-P were internalized selectively by OPCs when they were incubated in astrocytes/OPCs mixtures. This rod-like nanoparticle would be a potential probe for studying carbohydrate-protein interaction in OPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Tang
- School of Life Science and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhuqun Wang
- School of Life Science and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Maosen Wang
- School of Life Science and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Shuyu Zhou
- School of Life Science and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jinghua Chen
- School of Life Science and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Shuqin Xu
- School of Life Science and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.
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Dissing-Olesen L, Walker AJ, Feng Q, Barr HJ, Walker AC, Xie L, Wilton DK, Das I, Benowitz LI, Stevens B. FEAST: A flow cytometry-based toolkit for interrogating microglial engulfment of synaptic and myelin proteins. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6015. [PMID: 37758703 PMCID: PMC10533836 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41448-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Although engulfment is a hallmark of microglia function, fully validated platforms that facilitate high-throughput quantification of this process are lacking. Here, we present FEAST (Flow cytometric Engulfment Assay for Specific Target proteins), which enables interrogation of in vivo engulfment of synaptic material by brain resident macrophages at single-cell resolution. We optimize FEAST for two different analyses: quantification of fluorescent material inside live cells and of engulfed endogenous proteins within fixed cells. To overcome false-positive engulfment signals, we introduce an approach suitable for interrogating engulfment in microglia from perfusion-fixed tissue. As a proof-of-concept for the specificity and versatility of FEAST, we examine the engulfment of synaptic proteins after optic nerve crush and of myelin in two mouse models of demyelination (treatment with cuprizone and injections of lysolecithin). We find that microglia, but not brain-border associated macrophages, engulf in these contexts. Our work underscores how FEAST can be utilized to gain critical insight into functional neuro-immune interactions that shape development, homeostasis, and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lasse Dissing-Olesen
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Alec J Walker
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Qian Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Boston Children's Hospital, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Helena J Barr
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Alicia C Walker
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Lili Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, Boston Children's Hospital, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Daniel K Wilton
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Indrani Das
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Larry I Benowitz
- Department of Neurosurgery, Boston Children's Hospital, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Beth Stevens
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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Byun YG, Kim NS, Kim G, Jeon YS, Choi JB, Park CW, Kim K, Jang H, Kim J, Kim E, Han YM, Yoon KJ, Lee SH, Chung WS. Stress induces behavioral abnormalities by increasing expression of phagocytic receptor MERTK in astrocytes to promote synapse phagocytosis. Immunity 2023; 56:2105-2120.e13. [PMID: 37527657 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Childhood neglect and/or abuse can induce mental health conditions with unknown mechanisms. Here, we identified stress hormones as strong inducers of astrocyte-mediated synapse phagocytosis. Using in vitro, in vivo, and human brain organoid experiments, we showed that stress hormones increased the expression of the Mertk phagocytic receptor in astrocytes through glucocorticoid receptor (GR). In post-natal mice, exposure to early social deprivation (ESD) specifically activated the GR-MERTK pathway in astrocytes, but not in microglia. The excitatory post-synaptic density in cortical regions was reduced in ESD mice, and there was an increase in the astrocytic engulfment of these synapses. The loss of excitatory synapses, abnormal neuronal network activities, and behavioral abnormalities in ESD mice were largely prevented by ablating GR or MERTK in astrocytes. Our work reveals the critical roles of astrocytic GR-MERTK activation in evoking stress-induced abnormal behaviors in mice, suggesting GR-MERTK signaling as a therapeutic target for stress-induced mental health conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youkyeong Gloria Byun
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; KAIST Stem Cell Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Shik Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; KAIST Stem Cell Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyuri Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; KAIST Stem Cell Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yi-Seon Jeon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Center for Synaptic Brain Dysfunctions, Institute for Basic Science, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Bin Choi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; KAIST Stem Cell Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan-Woo Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; KAIST Stem Cell Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungdeok Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Center for Synaptic Brain Dysfunctions, Institute for Basic Science, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunsoo Jang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; KAIST Stem Cell Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinkyeong Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Center for Synaptic Brain Dysfunctions, Institute for Basic Science, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunjoon Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Center for Synaptic Brain Dysfunctions, Institute for Basic Science, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Mahn Han
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; KAIST Stem Cell Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Jun Yoon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; KAIST Stem Cell Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hee Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Center for Synaptic Brain Dysfunctions, Institute for Basic Science, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Suk Chung
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; KAIST Stem Cell Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
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36
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Cammarota M, Boscia F. Contribution of Oligodendrocytes, Microglia, and Astrocytes to Myelin Debris Uptake in an Explant Model of Inflammatory Demyelination in Rats. Cells 2023; 12:2203. [PMID: 37681935 PMCID: PMC10486984 DOI: 10.3390/cells12172203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The internalization and degradation of myelin in glia contributes to the resolution of neuroinflammation and influences disease progression. The identification of a three-dimensional experimental model to study myelin processing under neuroinflammation will offer a novel approach for studying treatment strategies favoring inflammation resolution and neuroprotection. Here, by using a model of neuroinflammation in hippocampal explants, we show that myelin debris accumulated immediately after insult and declined at 3 days, a time point at which tentative repair processes were observed. Olig2+ oligodendrocytes upregulated the LRP1 receptor and progressively increased MBP immunoreactivity both at peri-membrane sites and within the cytosol. Oligodendrocyte NG2+ precursors increased in number and immunoreactivity one day after insult, and moderately internalized MBP particles. Three days after insult MBP was intensely coexpressed by microglia and, to a much lesser extent, by astrocytes. The engulfment of both MBP+ debris and whole MBP+ cells contributed to the greatest microglia response. In addition to improving our understanding of the spatial-temporal contribution of glial scarring to myelin uptake under neuroinflammation, our findings suggest that the exposure of hippocampal explants to LPS + IFN-γ-induced neuroinflammation may represent a valuable demyelination model for studying both the extrinsic and intrinsic myelin processing by glia under neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesca Boscia
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, School of Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy;
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37
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Fang LP, Bai X. Oligodendrocyte precursor cells: the multitaskers in the brain. Pflugers Arch 2023; 475:1035-1044. [PMID: 37401986 PMCID: PMC10409806 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-023-02837-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
In the central nervous system, oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) are recognized as the progenitors responsible for the generation of oligodendrocytes, which play a critical role in myelination. Extensive research has shed light on the mechanisms underlying OPC proliferation and differentiation into mature myelin-forming oligodendrocytes. However, recent advances in the field have revealed that OPCs have multiple functions beyond their role as progenitors, exerting control over neural circuits and brain function through distinct pathways. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of OPCs by first introducing their well-established features. Subsequently, we delve into the emerging roles of OPCs in modulating brain function in both healthy and diseased states. Unraveling the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which OPCs influence brain function holds great promise for identifying novel therapeutic targets for central nervous system diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Pao Fang
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Saarland, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Xianshu Bai
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Saarland, 66421 Homburg, Germany
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38
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Kahng JA, Xavier AM, Ferro A, Auguste YS, Cheadle L. Integrated high-confidence and high-throughput approaches for quantifying synapse engulfment by oligodendrocyte precursor cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.24.554663. [PMID: 37662250 PMCID: PMC10473697 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.24.554663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) sculpt neural circuits through the phagocytic engulfment of synapses during development and in adulthood. However, precise techniques for analyzing synapse engulfment by OPCs are limited. Here, we describe a two-pronged cell biological approach for quantifying synapse engulfment by OPCs which merges low- and high-throughput methodologies. In the first method, an adeno-associated virus encoding a pH-sensitive, fluorescently-tagged synaptic marker is expressed in neurons in vivo. This construct allows for the differential labeling of presynaptic inputs that are contained outside of and within acidic phagolysosomal compartments. When followed by immunostaining for markers of OPCs and synapses in lightly fixed tissue, this approach enables the quantification of synapses engulfed by around 30-50 OPCs within a given experiment. In the second method, OPCs isolated from dissociated brain tissue are fixed, incubated with fluorescent antibodies against presynaptic proteins, and then analyzed by flow cytometry. This approach enables the quantification of presynaptic material within tens of thousands of OPCs in less than one week. These methods extend beyond the current imaging-based engulfment assays designed to quantify synaptic phagocytosis by brain-resident immune cells, microglia. Through the integration of these methods, the engulfment of synapses by OPCs can be rigorously quantified at both the individual and populational levels. With minor modifications, these approaches can be adapted to study synaptic phagocytosis by numerous glial cell types in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A. Kahng
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724
- School of Biological Sciences, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724
| | | | - Austin Ferro
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724
| | | | - Lucas Cheadle
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724
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39
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Buchanan J, da Costa NM, Cheadle L. Emerging roles of oligodendrocyte precursor cells in neural circuit development and remodeling. Trends Neurosci 2023; 46:628-639. [PMID: 37286422 PMCID: PMC10524797 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2023.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) are non-neuronal brain cells that give rise to oligodendrocytes, glia that myelinate the axons of neurons in the brain. Classically known for their contributions to myelination via oligodendrogenesis, OPCs are increasingly appreciated to play diverse roles in the nervous system, ranging from blood vessel formation to antigen presentation. Here, we review emerging literature suggesting that OPCs may be essential for the establishment and remodeling of neural circuits in the developing and adult brain via mechanisms that are distinct from the production of oligodendrocytes. We discuss the specialized features of OPCs that position these cells to integrate activity-dependent and molecular cues to shape brain wiring. Finally, we place OPCs within the context of a growing field focused on understanding the importance of communication between neurons and glia in the contexts of both health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- JoAnn Buchanan
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | | | - Lucas Cheadle
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA.
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40
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Park J, Chung WS. Astrocyte-dependent circuit remodeling by synapse phagocytosis. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2023; 81:102732. [PMID: 37247606 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2023.102732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In the central nervous system, synaptic pruning, the removal of unnecessary synaptic contacts, is an essential process for proper circuit maturation in neurodevelopment as well as for synaptic homeostasis in the adult stage. Dysregulation of synaptic pruning can contribute to the initiation and progression of various mental disorders, such as schizophrenia and depression, as well as neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease. In the past 15 years, pioneering works have demonstrated that different types of glial cells regulate the number of synapses by selectively eliminating them through phagocytic molecular machinery. Although a majority of findings have been focused on microglia, it is increasingly evident that astrocytes function as a critical player in activity-dependent synapse elimination in developing, adult, and diseased brains. In this review, we will discuss recent findings showing the mechanisms and physiological importance of astrocyte-mediated synapse elimination in controlling synapses and circuit homeostasis. We propose that astrocytes play dominant and non-redundant roles in eliminating synapses during the activity-dependent circuit remodeling processes that do not involve neuro-inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungjoo Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Won-Suk Chung
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
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41
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Stoufflet J, Tielens S, Nguyen L. Shaping the cerebral cortex by cellular crosstalk. Cell 2023; 186:2733-2747. [PMID: 37352835 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
The cerebral cortex is the brain's outermost layer. It is responsible for processing motor and sensory information that support high-level cognitive abilities and shape personality. Its development and functional organization strongly rely on cell communication that is established via an intricate system of diffusible signals and physical contacts during development. Interfering with this cellular crosstalk can cause neurodevelopmental disorders. Here, we review how crosstalk between migrating cells and their environment influences cerebral cortex development, ranging from neurogenesis to synaptogenesis and assembly of cortical circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Stoufflet
- Laboratory of Molecular Regulation of Neurogenesis, GIGA-Stem Cells and GIGA-Neurosciences, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Applied Genoproteomics (GIGA-R), University of Liège, CHU Sart Tilman, Liège 4000, Belgium
| | - Sylvia Tielens
- Laboratory of Molecular Regulation of Neurogenesis, GIGA-Stem Cells and GIGA-Neurosciences, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Applied Genoproteomics (GIGA-R), University of Liège, CHU Sart Tilman, Liège 4000, Belgium
| | - Laurent Nguyen
- Laboratory of Molecular Regulation of Neurogenesis, GIGA-Stem Cells and GIGA-Neurosciences, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Applied Genoproteomics (GIGA-R), University of Liège, CHU Sart Tilman, Liège 4000, Belgium; Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO), Wavres, Belgium.
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42
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Yi C, Verkhratsky A, Niu J. Pathological potential of oligodendrocyte precursor cells: terra incognita. Trends Neurosci 2023:S0166-2236(23)00103-0. [PMID: 37183154 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2023.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Adult oligodendrocyte precursor cells (aOPCs), transformed from fetal OPCs, are idiosyncratic neuroglia of the central nervous system (CNS) that are distinct in many ways from other glial cells. OPCs have been classically studied in the context of their remyelinating capacity. Recent studies, however, revealed that aOPCs not only contribute to post-lesional remyelination but also play diverse crucial roles in multiple neurological diseases. In this review we briefly present the physiology of aOPCs and summarize current knowledge of the beneficial and detrimental roles of aOPCs in different CNS diseases. We discuss unique features of aOPC death, reactivity, and changes during senescence, as well as aOPC interactions with other glial cells and pathological remodeling during disease. Finally, we outline future perspectives for the study of aOPCs in brain pathologies which may instigate the development of aOPC-targeting therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenju Yi
- Research Centre, Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China; Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Active Substance Screening and Translational Research, Shenzhen 518107, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Alexei Verkhratsky
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK; Achucarro Centre for Neuroscience, Basque Foundation for Science (IKERBASQUE), Bilbao 48011, Spain; Department of Stem Cell Biology, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, LT-01102 Vilnius, Lithuania; Department of Forensic Analytical Toxicology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Jianqin Niu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Brain and Intelligence Research Key Laboratory of Chongqing Education Commission, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
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43
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Nagappan-Chettiar S, Burbridge TJ, Umemori H. Activity-Dependent Synapse Refinement: From Mechanisms to Molecules. Neuroscientist 2023:10738584231170167. [PMID: 37140155 DOI: 10.1177/10738584231170167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The refinement of immature neuronal networks into efficient mature ones is critical to nervous system development and function. This process of synapse refinement is driven by the neuronal activity-dependent competition of converging synaptic inputs, resulting in the elimination of weak inputs and the stabilization of strong ones. Neuronal activity, whether in the form of spontaneous activity or experience-evoked activity, is known to drive synapse refinement in numerous brain regions. More recent studies are now revealing the manner and mechanisms by which neuronal activity is detected and converted into molecular signals that appropriately regulate the elimination of weaker synapses and stabilization of stronger ones. Here, we highlight how spontaneous activity and evoked activity instruct neuronal activity-dependent competition during synapse refinement. We then focus on how neuronal activity is transformed into the molecular cues that determine and execute synapse refinement. A comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms underlying synapse refinement can lead to novel therapeutic strategies in neuropsychiatric diseases characterized by aberrant synaptic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivapratha Nagappan-Chettiar
- Department of Neurology, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Timothy J Burbridge
- Department of Neurology, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hisashi Umemori
- Department of Neurology, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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44
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Nagappan-Chettiar S, Yasuda M, Johnson-Venkatesh EM, Umemori H. The molecular signals that regulate activity-dependent synapse refinement in the brain. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2023; 79:102692. [PMID: 36805716 PMCID: PMC10023433 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2023.102692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
The formation of appropriate synaptic connections is critical for the proper functioning of the brain. Early in development, neurons form a surplus of immature synapses. To establish efficient, functional neural networks, neurons selectively stabilize active synapses and eliminate less active ones. This process is known as activity-dependent synapse refinement. Defects in this process have been implicated in neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and autism. Here we review the manner and mechanisms by which synapse elimination is regulated through activity-dependent competition. We propose a theoretical framework for the molecular mechanisms of synapse refinement, in which three types of signals regulate the refinement. We then describe the identity of these signals and discuss how multiple molecular signals interact to achieve appropriate synapse refinement in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivapratha Nagappan-Chettiar
- Department of Neurology, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. https://twitter.com/sivapratha
| | - Masahiro Yasuda
- Department of Neurology, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Erin M Johnson-Venkatesh
- Department of Neurology, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Hisashi Umemori
- Department of Neurology, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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45
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Vaughen JP, Theisen E, Clandinin TR. From seconds to days: Neural plasticity viewed through a lipid lens. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2023; 80:102702. [PMID: 36965206 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2023.102702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023]
Abstract
Many adult neurons are dynamically remodeled across timescales ranging from the rapid addition and removal of specific synaptic connections, to largescale structural plasticity events that reconfigure circuits over hours, days, and months. Membrane lipids, including brain-enriched sphingolipids, play crucial roles in these processes. In this review, we summarize progress at the intersection of neuronal activity, lipids, and structural remodeling. We highlight how brain activity modulates lipid metabolism to enable adaptive structural plasticity, and showcase glia as key players in membrane remodeling. These studies reveal that lipids act as critical signaling molecules that instruct the dynamic architecture of the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- John P Vaughen
- Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, United States; Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, United States. https://twitter.com/gliaful
| | - Emma Theisen
- Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, United States. https://twitter.com/emmaktheisen
| | - Thomas R Clandinin
- Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, United States.
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46
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Gordon H, Schafer ZT, Smith CJ. A paradox promoted by microglia cannibalism shortens the lifespan of developmental microglia. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.15.532426. [PMID: 36993267 PMCID: PMC10055159 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.15.532426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
The overproduction of cells and subsequent production of debris is a universal principle of neurodevelopment. Here we show an additional feature of the developing nervous system that causes neural debris - promoted by the sacrificial nature of embryonic microglia that irreversibly become phagocytic after clearing other neural debris. Described as long-lived, microglia colonize the embryonic brain and persist into adulthood. Using transgenic zebrafish to investigate the microglia debris during brain construction, we identified that unlike other neural cell-types that die in developmental stages after they have expanded, necroptotic-dependent microglial debris is prevalent when microglia are expanding in the zebrafish brain. Time-lapse imaging of microglia demonstrates that this debris is cannibalized by other microglia. To investigate features that promote microglia death and cannibalism, we used time-lapse imaging and fate-mapping strategies to track the lifespan of individual developmental microglia. These approaches revealed that instead of embryonic microglia being long-lived cells that completely digest their phagocytic debris, once most developmental microglia in zebrafish become phagocytic they eventually die, including ones that are cannibalistic. These results establish a paradox -- which we tested by increasing neural debris and manipulating phagocytosis -- that once most microglia in the embryo become phagocytic, they die, create debris and then are cannibalized by other microglia, resulting in more phagocytic microglia that are destined to die.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Gordon
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN
- The Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine at the University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN
| | - Zachary T. Schafer
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN
| | - Cody J. Smith
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN
- The Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine at the University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN
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47
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Ghirardini E, Sagona G, Marquez-Galera A, Calugi F, Navarron CM, Cacciante F, Chen S, Di Vetta F, Dadà L, Mazziotti R, Lupori L, Putignano E, Baldi P, Lopez-Atalaya JP, Pizzorusso T, Baroncelli L. Cell-specific vulnerability to metabolic failure: the crucial role of parvalbumin expressing neurons in creatine transporter deficiency. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2023; 11:34. [PMID: 36882863 PMCID: PMC9990224 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-023-01533-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the solute carrier family 6-member 8 (Slc6a8) gene, encoding the protein responsible for cellular creatine (Cr) uptake, cause Creatine Transporter Deficiency (CTD), an X-linked neurometabolic disorder presenting with intellectual disability, autistic-like features, and epilepsy. The pathological determinants of CTD are still poorly understood, hindering the development of therapies. In this study, we generated an extensive transcriptomic profile of CTD showing that Cr deficiency causes perturbations of gene expression in excitatory neurons, inhibitory cells, and oligodendrocytes which result in remodeling of circuit excitability and synaptic wiring. We also identified specific alterations of parvalbumin-expressing (PV+) interneurons, exhibiting a reduction in cellular and synaptic density, and a hypofunctional electrophysiological phenotype. Mice lacking Slc6a8 only in PV+ interneurons recapitulated numerous CTD features, including cognitive deterioration, impaired cortical processing and hyperexcitability of brain circuits, demonstrating that Cr deficit in PV+ interneurons is sufficient to determine the neurological phenotype of CTD. Moreover, a pharmacological treatment targeted to restore the efficiency of PV+ synapses significantly improved cortical activity in Slc6a8 knock-out animals. Altogether, these data demonstrate that Slc6a8 is critical for the normal function of PV+ interneurons and that impairment of these cells is central in the disease pathogenesis, suggesting a novel therapeutic venue for CTD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Ghirardini
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Viale del Tirreno 331, 56128, Calambrone (PI), Italy. .,Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council (CNR), Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Giulia Sagona
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council (CNR), Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Angel Marquez-Galera
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad Miguel Hernández - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avenida Santiago Ramon Y Cajal, S/N, 03550, Sant Joan d'Alacant, Alicante, Spain
| | - Francesco Calugi
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health NEUROFARBA, University of Florence, Via Di San Salvi 12, 50135, Florence, Italy.,BIO@SNS Lab, Scuola Normale Superiore Di Pisa, Piazza Dei Cavalieri 7, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Carmen M Navarron
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad Miguel Hernández - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avenida Santiago Ramon Y Cajal, S/N, 03550, Sant Joan d'Alacant, Alicante, Spain
| | - Francesco Cacciante
- BIO@SNS Lab, Scuola Normale Superiore Di Pisa, Piazza Dei Cavalieri 7, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Siwei Chen
- Department of Computer Science and Institute for Genomics and Bioinformatics, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697-3435, USA
| | - Federica Di Vetta
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council (CNR), Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Dadà
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council (CNR), Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Raffaele Mazziotti
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council (CNR), Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy.,Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health NEUROFARBA, University of Florence, Via Di San Salvi 12, 50135, Florence, Italy
| | - Leonardo Lupori
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Viale del Tirreno 331, 56128, Calambrone (PI), Italy
| | - Elena Putignano
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council (CNR), Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Pierre Baldi
- Department of Computer Science and Institute for Genomics and Bioinformatics, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697-3435, USA
| | - Jose P Lopez-Atalaya
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad Miguel Hernández - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avenida Santiago Ramon Y Cajal, S/N, 03550, Sant Joan d'Alacant, Alicante, Spain
| | - Tommaso Pizzorusso
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council (CNR), Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy.,BIO@SNS Lab, Scuola Normale Superiore Di Pisa, Piazza Dei Cavalieri 7, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Laura Baroncelli
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Viale del Tirreno 331, 56128, Calambrone (PI), Italy.,Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council (CNR), Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
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48
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Sadino JM, Bradeen XG, Kelly CJ, Brusman LE, Walker DM, Donaldson ZR. Prolonged partner separation erodes nucleus accumbens transcriptional signatures of pair bonding in male prairie voles. eLife 2023; 12:e80517. [PMID: 36852906 PMCID: PMC10112888 DOI: 10.7554/elife.80517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The loss of a spouse is often cited as the most traumatic event in a person's life. However, for most people, the severity of grief and its maladaptive effects subside over time via an understudied adaptive process. Like humans, socially monogamous prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster) form opposite-sex pair bonds, and upon partner separation, show stress phenotypes that diminish over time. We test the hypothesis that extended partner separation diminishes pair bond-associated behaviors and causes pair bond transcriptional signatures to erode. Opposite-sex or same-sex paired males were cohoused for 2 weeks and then either remained paired or were separated for 48 hours or 4 weeks before collecting fresh nucleus accumbens tissue for RNAseq. In a separate cohort, we assessed partner-directed affiliation at these time points. We found that these behaviors persist despite prolonged separation in both same-sex and opposite-sex paired voles. Opposite-sex pair bonding led to changes in accumbal transcription that were stably maintained while animals remained paired but eroded following prolonged partner separation. Eroded genes are associated with gliogenesis and myelination, suggesting a previously undescribed role for glia in pair bonding and loss. Further, we pioneered neuron-specific translating ribosomal affinity purification in voles. Neuronally enriched transcriptional changes revealed dopaminergic-, mitochondrial-, and steroid hormone signaling-associated gene clusters sensitive to acute pair bond disruption and loss adaptation. Our results suggest that partner separation erodes transcriptomic signatures of pair bonding despite core behavioral features of the bond remaining intact, revealing potential molecular processes priming a vole to be able to form a new bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie M Sadino
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado BoulderBoulderUnited States
| | - Xander G Bradeen
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado BoulderBoulderUnited States
- Department of Adult Hematology, University of Colorado- Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraUnited States
| | - Conor J Kelly
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado BoulderBoulderUnited States
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado BoulderBoulderUnited States
| | - Liza E Brusman
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado BoulderBoulderUnited States
| | - Deena M Walker
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, School of MedicinePortlandUnited States
| | - Zoe R Donaldson
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado BoulderBoulderUnited States
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado BoulderBoulderUnited States
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49
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Liu Y, Shen X, Zhang Y, Zheng X, Cepeda C, Wang Y, Duan S, Tong X. Interactions of glial cells with neuronal synapses, from astrocytes to microglia and oligodendrocyte lineage cells. Glia 2023; 71:1383-1401. [PMID: 36799296 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
The mammalian brain is a complex organ comprising neurons, glia, and more than 1 × 1014 synapses. Neurons are a heterogeneous group of electrically active cells, which form the framework of the complex circuitry of the brain. However, glial cells, which are primarily divided into astrocytes, microglia, oligodendrocytes (OLs), and oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs), constitute approximately half of all neural cells in the mammalian central nervous system (CNS) and mainly provide nutrition and tropic support to neurons in the brain. In the last two decades, the concept of "tripartite synapses" has drawn great attention, which emphasizes that astrocytes are an integral part of the synapse and regulate neuronal activity in a feedback manner after receiving neuronal signals. Since then, synaptic modulation by glial cells has been extensively studied and substantially revised. In this review, we summarize the latest significant findings on how glial cells, in particular, microglia and OL lineage cells, impact and remodel the structure and function of synapses in the brain. Our review highlights the cellular and molecular aspects of neuron-glia crosstalk and provides additional information on how aberrant synaptic communication between neurons and glia may contribute to neural pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Liu
- Songjiang Institute and Songjiang Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi Shen
- Songjiang Institute and Songjiang Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuhan Zhang
- College of Basic Medical Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoli Zheng
- Songjiang Institute and Songjiang Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Carlos Cepeda
- Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Assisted Reproduction, The Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shumin Duan
- Songjiang Institute and Songjiang Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Liangzhu Laboratory, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-Machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-Machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoping Tong
- Songjiang Institute and Songjiang Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Research Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Shanghai, China
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50
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Murray CJ, Vecchiarelli HA, Tremblay MÈ. Enhancing axonal myelination in seniors: A review exploring the potential impact cannabis has on myelination in the aged brain. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1119552. [PMID: 37032821 PMCID: PMC10073480 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1119552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Consumption of cannabis is on the rise as public opinion trends toward acceptance and its consequent legalization. Specifically, the senior population is one of the demographics increasing their use of cannabis the fastest, but research aimed at understanding cannabis' impact on the aged brain is still scarce. Aging is characterized by many brain changes that slowly alter cognitive ability. One process that is greatly impacted during aging is axonal myelination. The slow degradation and loss of myelin (i.e., demyelination) in the brain with age has been shown to associate with cognitive decline and, furthermore, is a common characteristic of numerous neurological diseases experienced in aging. It is currently not known what causes this age-dependent degradation, but it is likely due to numerous confounding factors (i.e., heightened inflammation, reduced blood flow, cellular senescence) that impact the many cells responsible for maintaining overall homeostasis and myelin integrity. Importantly, animal studies using non-human primates and rodents have also revealed demyelination with age, providing a reliable model for researchers to try and understand the cellular mechanisms at play. In rodents, cannabis was recently shown to modulate the myelination process. Furthermore, studies looking at the direct modulatory impact cannabis has on microglia, astrocytes and oligodendrocyte lineage cells hint at potential mechanisms to prevent some of the more damaging activities performed by these cells that contribute to demyelination in aging. However, research focusing on how cannabis impacts myelination in the aged brain is lacking. Therefore, this review will explore the evidence thus far accumulated to show how cannabis impacts myelination and will extrapolate what this knowledge may mean for the aged brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin J. Murray
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Colin J. Murray,
| | | | - Marie-Ève Tremblay
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
- Départment de Médicine Moléculaire, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
- Axe Neurosciences, Center de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
- Neurology and Neurosurgery Department, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Related Technology (CAMTEC), University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
- Institute for Aging and Lifelong Health, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
- Marie-Ève Tremblay,
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