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Mertens JE. The Influence of Climate Change on Vector-Borne Diseases in a Wilderness Medicine Context. Wilderness Environ Med 2024:10806032241283704. [PMID: 39399895 DOI: 10.1177/10806032241283704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2024]
Abstract
The imminent climate crisis has been labeled as the biggest health threat humanity must deal with. Vector-borne disease distribution and transmission as well as the population at risk are influenced to a great degree by environmental and climactic factors affecting both the vectors themselves and the causative pathogens. Paired with an increase in worldwide travel, urbanization, and globalization, along with population displacements and migration, elucidating the effects of anthropogenic climate change on these illnesses is therefore of the essence to stave off potential negative sequelae. Outcomes on different vector-borne diseases will be diverse, but for many of them, these developments will result in a distribution shift or expansion with the possibility of (re-)introduction of vector and pathogen species in previously nonendemic areas. The consequence will be a growing likelihood for novel human, vector, and pathogen interactions with an increased risk for infection, morbidity, and mortality. Wilderness medicine professionals commonly work in close relationship to the natural environment and therefore will experience these alterations most strongly in their practice. Hence, this article attempts to bring awareness to the subject at hand in a wilderness medicine context, with a focus on malaria, the most burdensome of arthropod-borne diseases. For prevention of the potentially dire consequences on human health induced by climate change, concerted and intensified efforts to reduce the burning of fossil fuels and thus greenhouse gas emissions will be imperative on a global scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas E Mertens
- Institute for Infection Research and Vaccine Development (IIRVD), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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2
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Bergevin MD, Ng V, Ludwig A, Sadeghieh T, Menzies P, Mubareka S, Clow KM. A Scoping Review on the Epidemiology of Orthobunyaviruses of Canadian Public and Animal Health Relevance in the Context of Vector Species. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2024; 24:564-577. [PMID: 38687337 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2023.0152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Mosquito-borne orthobunyaviruses are a growing priority for public and animal health in Canada. It is anticipated that disease incidence will increase due to a warming climate, given that habitats are expanding for reservoir hosts and vectors, particularly in Canada. Little is known about the ecology of primary vectors that perpetuate these orthobunyaviruses, including the viral transmission cycle and the impact of climatic and landscape factors. Methods: A scoping review was conducted to describe the current state of knowledge on the epidemiology of orthobunyaviruses relevant to Canada. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines was used to characterize studies focused on vector species. A literature search was conducted in six databases and gray literature. Eligible studies characterized orthobunyavirus epidemiology related to vector species, including viral competency, geospatial distributions, seasonal trends, and/or risk factors. Results: A total of 1734 unique citations were identified. Screening of these citations revealed 172 relevant studies, from which 87 studies presented primary data related to vectors. The orthobunyaviruses included Cache Valley virus (CVV), Jamestown Canyon virus (JCV), Snowshoe Hare virus (SHV), and La Crosse virus (LACV). Surveillance was the predominant study focus, with most citations representing the United States, specifically, LACV surveillance in Tennessee, followed by CVV and JCV in Connecticut. Orthobunyaviruses were detected in many mosquito species across multiple genera, with high vector specificity only being reported for LACV, which included Aedes triseriatus, Aedes albopictus, and Aedes japonicus. Peridomestic areas were positively associated with infected mosquitoes compared with dense forests. Orthobunyavirus infections, coinfections, and gut microbiota affected mosquito feeding and breeding behavior. Conclusion: Knowledge gaps included Canadian surveillance data, disease modeling, and risk projections. Further research in these areas, especially accounting for climate change, is needed to guide health policy for prevention of orthobunyaviral disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele D Bergevin
- Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada
| | - Victoria Ng
- Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada
- National Microbiology Laboratory Branch, Public Health Agency of Canada, Guelph, Canada
| | - Antoinette Ludwig
- National Microbiology Laboratory Branch, Public Health Agency of Canada, St. Hyacinthe, Canada
| | - Tara Sadeghieh
- Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention Branch, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Paula Menzies
- Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada
| | - Samira Mubareka
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Katie M Clow
- Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada
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3
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Humphreys JM, Pelzel-McCluskey AM, Shults PT, Velazquez-Salinas L, Bertram MR, McGregor BL, Cohnstaedt LW, Swanson DA, Scroggs SLP, Fautt C, Mooney A, Peters DPC, Rodriguez LL. Modeling the 2014-2015 Vesicular Stomatitis Outbreak in the United States Using an SEIR-SEI Approach. Viruses 2024; 16:1315. [PMID: 39205289 PMCID: PMC11359999 DOI: 10.3390/v16081315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2024] [Revised: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Vesicular stomatitis (VS) is a vector-borne livestock disease caused by the vesicular stomatitis New Jersey virus (VSNJV). This study presents the first application of an SEIR-SEI compartmental model to analyze VSNJV transmission dynamics. Focusing on the 2014-2015 outbreak in the United States, the model integrates vertebrate hosts and insect vector demographics while accounting for heterogeneous competency within the populations and observation bias in documented disease cases. Key epidemiological parameters were estimated using Bayesian inference and Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods, including the force of infection, effective reproduction number (Rt), and incubation periods. The model revealed significant underreporting, with only 10-24% of infections documented, 23% of which presented with clinical symptoms. These findings underscore the importance of including competence and imperfect detection in disease models to depict outbreak dynamics and inform effective control strategies accurately. As a baseline model, this SEIR-SEI implementation is intended to serve as a foundation for future refinements and expansions to improve our understanding of VS dynamics. Enhanced surveillance and targeted interventions are recommended to manage future VS outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M. Humphreys
- Foreign Animal Disease Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Plum Island Animal Disease Center (PIADC) and National Bio Agro Defense Facility (NBAF), Manhattan, KS 66502, USA; (L.V.-S.); (M.R.B.); (C.F.); (A.M.); (L.L.R.)
| | - Angela M. Pelzel-McCluskey
- Veterinary Services, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS), U.S. Department of Agriculture, Fort Collins, CO 80526, USA;
| | - Phillip T. Shults
- Arthropod-Borne Animal Disease Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Manhattan, KS 66502, USA; (P.T.S.); (B.L.M.); (S.L.P.S.)
| | - Lauro Velazquez-Salinas
- Foreign Animal Disease Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Plum Island Animal Disease Center (PIADC) and National Bio Agro Defense Facility (NBAF), Manhattan, KS 66502, USA; (L.V.-S.); (M.R.B.); (C.F.); (A.M.); (L.L.R.)
| | - Miranda R. Bertram
- Foreign Animal Disease Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Plum Island Animal Disease Center (PIADC) and National Bio Agro Defense Facility (NBAF), Manhattan, KS 66502, USA; (L.V.-S.); (M.R.B.); (C.F.); (A.M.); (L.L.R.)
| | - Bethany L. McGregor
- Arthropod-Borne Animal Disease Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Manhattan, KS 66502, USA; (P.T.S.); (B.L.M.); (S.L.P.S.)
| | - Lee W. Cohnstaedt
- Foreign Arthropod-Borne Animal Diseases Research Unit National Bio- and Agro-Defense Facility, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Manhattan, KS 66502, USA;
| | - Dustin A. Swanson
- Center for Grain and Animal Health Research, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Manhattan, KS 66502, USA;
| | - Stacey L. P. Scroggs
- Arthropod-Borne Animal Disease Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Manhattan, KS 66502, USA; (P.T.S.); (B.L.M.); (S.L.P.S.)
| | - Chad Fautt
- Foreign Animal Disease Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Plum Island Animal Disease Center (PIADC) and National Bio Agro Defense Facility (NBAF), Manhattan, KS 66502, USA; (L.V.-S.); (M.R.B.); (C.F.); (A.M.); (L.L.R.)
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE)-NBAF, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Amber Mooney
- Foreign Animal Disease Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Plum Island Animal Disease Center (PIADC) and National Bio Agro Defense Facility (NBAF), Manhattan, KS 66502, USA; (L.V.-S.); (M.R.B.); (C.F.); (A.M.); (L.L.R.)
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE)-NBAF, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Debra P. C. Peters
- Office of National Programs, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA;
| | - Luis L. Rodriguez
- Foreign Animal Disease Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Plum Island Animal Disease Center (PIADC) and National Bio Agro Defense Facility (NBAF), Manhattan, KS 66502, USA; (L.V.-S.); (M.R.B.); (C.F.); (A.M.); (L.L.R.)
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Shiau JC, Garcia-Diaz N, Kyle DE, Pathak AK. The influence of oviposition status on measures of transmission potential in malaria-infected mosquitoes depends on sugar availability. Parasit Vectors 2024; 17:236. [PMID: 38783366 PMCID: PMC11118549 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-024-06317-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Like other oviparous organisms, the gonotrophic cycle of mosquitoes is not complete until they have selected a suitable habitat to oviposit. In addition to the evolutionary constraints associated with selective oviposition behavior, the physiological demands relative to an organism's oviposition status also influence their nutrient requirement from the environment. Yet, studies that measure transmission potential (vectorial capacity or competence) of mosquito-borne parasites rarely consider whether the rates of parasite replication and development could be influenced by these constraints resulting from whether mosquitoes have completed their gonotrophic cycle. METHODS Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes were infected with Plasmodium berghei, the rodent analog of human malaria, and maintained on 1% or 10% dextrose and either provided oviposition sites ('oviposited' herein) to complete their gonotrophic cycle or forced to retain eggs ('non-oviposited'). Transmission potential in the four groups was measured up to 27 days post-infection as the rates of (i) sporozoite appearance in the salivary glands ('extrinsic incubation period' or EIP), (ii) vector survival and (iii) sporozoite densities. RESULTS In the two groups of oviposited mosquitoes, rates of sporozoite appearance and densities in the salivary glands were clearly dependent on sugar availability, with shorter EIP and higher sporozoite densities in mosquitoes fed 10% dextrose. In contrast, rates of appearance and densities in the salivary glands were independent of sugar concentrations in non-oviposited mosquitoes, although both measures were slightly lower than in oviposited mosquitoes fed 10% dextrose. Vector survival was higher in non-oviposited mosquitoes. CONCLUSIONS Costs to parasite fitness and vector survival were buffered against changes in nutritional availability from the environment in non-oviposited but not oviposited mosquitoes. Taken together, these results suggest vectorial capacity for malaria parasites may be dependent on nutrient availability and oviposition/gonotrophic status and, as such, argue for more careful consideration of this interaction when estimating transmission potential. More broadly, the complex patterns resulting from physiological (nutrition) and evolutionary (egg-retention) trade-offs described here, combined with the ubiquity of selective oviposition behavior, implies the fitness of vector-borne pathogens could be shaped by selection for these traits, with implications for disease transmission and management. For instance, while reducing availability of oviposition sites and environmental sources of nutrition are key components of integrated vector management strategies, their abundance and distribution are under strong selection pressure from the patterns associated with climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine C Shiau
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
- Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
- Center for the Ecology of Infectious Diseases, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Nathan Garcia-Diaz
- The NSF-REU Program, Odum School of Ecology, Athens, GA, USA
- Department of Biology, Willamette University, Salem, OR, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Dennis E Kyle
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
- Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
- Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Ashutosh K Pathak
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
- Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
- Center for the Ecology of Infectious Diseases, Athens, GA, USA.
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5
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Gabiane G, Bohers C, Mousson L, Obadia T, Dinglasan RR, Vazeille M, Dauga C, Viglietta M, Yébakima A, Vega-Rúa A, Gutiérrez Bugallo G, Gélvez Ramírez RM, Sonor F, Etienne M, Duclovel-Pame N, Blateau A, Smith-Ravin J, De Lamballerie X, Failloux AB. Evaluating vector competence for Yellow fever in the Caribbean. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1236. [PMID: 38336944 PMCID: PMC10858021 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45116-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The mosquito-borne disease, Yellow fever (YF), has been largely controlled via mass delivery of an effective vaccine and mosquito control interventions. However, there are warning signs that YF is re-emerging in both Sub-Saharan Africa and South America. Imported from Africa in slave ships, YF was responsible for devastating outbreaks in the Caribbean. In Martinique, the last YF outbreak was reported in 1908 and the mosquito Aedes aegypti was incriminated as the main vector. We evaluated the vector competence of fifteen Ae. aegypti populations for five YFV genotypes (Bolivia, Ghana, Nigeria, Sudan, and Uganda). Here we show that mosquito populations from the Caribbean and the Americas were able to transmit the five YFV genotypes, with YFV strains for Uganda and Bolivia having higher transmission success. We also observed that Ae. aegypti populations from Martinique were more susceptible to YFV infection than other populations from neighboring Caribbean islands, as well as North and South America. Our vector competence data suggest that the threat of re-emergence of YF in Martinique and the subsequent spread to Caribbean nations and beyond is plausible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaelle Gabiane
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Arboviruses and Insect Vectors, Paris, France
- Université des Antilles, Ecole Doctorale 589, Schœlcher, Martinique, Marseille, France
| | - Chloé Bohers
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Arboviruses and Insect Vectors, Paris, France
| | - Laurence Mousson
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Arboviruses and Insect Vectors, Paris, France
| | - Thomas Obadia
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Hub, Marseille, France
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, G5 Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Analytics, Paris, France
| | - Rhoel R Dinglasan
- University of Florida, Department of Infectious Diseases & Immunology and Emerging Pathogens Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Marie Vazeille
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Arboviruses and Insect Vectors, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Dauga
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Arboviruses and Insect Vectors, Paris, France
| | - Marine Viglietta
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Arboviruses and Insect Vectors, Paris, France
| | | | - Anubis Vega-Rúa
- Institut Pasteur de Guadeloupe, Laboratory of Vector Control Research, Unit Transmission Reservoir and Pathogens Diversity, Les Abymes, Guadeloupe, Marseille, France
| | - Gladys Gutiérrez Bugallo
- Institut Pasteur de Guadeloupe, Laboratory of Vector Control Research, Unit Transmission Reservoir and Pathogens Diversity, Les Abymes, Guadeloupe, Marseille, France
- Department of Vector Control, Center for Research, Diagnostic, and Reference, Institute of Tropical Medicine Pedro Kouri, Havana, Cuba
| | - Rosa Margarita Gélvez Ramírez
- Centro de Atención y Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Fundación INFOVIDA, Bucaramanga, Colombia
- Unité des Virus Emergents (UVE), Aix Marseille Université, IRD 190, Inserm 1207, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Fabrice Sonor
- Centre de Démoustication et de Recherches Entomologiques, Lutte antivectorielle, Martinique, Marseille, France
- Agence Régionale de Santé, Direction de la Santé Publique, Martinique, Marseille, France
| | - Manuel Etienne
- Centre de Démoustication et de Recherches Entomologiques, Lutte antivectorielle, Martinique, Marseille, France
| | - Nathalie Duclovel-Pame
- Agence Régionale de Santé, Direction de la Santé Publique, Martinique, Marseille, France
| | - Alain Blateau
- Agence Régionale de Santé, Direction de la Santé Publique, Martinique, Marseille, France
| | - Juliette Smith-Ravin
- Groupe de recherche Biospheres Université des Antilles, Campus de Schœlcher, Martinique, Marseille, France
| | - Xavier De Lamballerie
- Unité des Virus Emergents (UVE), Aix Marseille Université, IRD 190, Inserm 1207, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Anna-Bella Failloux
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Arboviruses and Insect Vectors, Paris, France.
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Mota TF, Fukutani ER, Martins KA, Salgado VR, Andrade BB, Fraga DBM, Queiroz ATL. Another tick bites the dust: exploring the association of microbial composition with a broad transmission competence of tick vector species. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0215623. [PMID: 37800912 PMCID: PMC10714957 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02156-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Some tick species are competent to transmit more than one pathogen while other species are, until now, known to be competent to transmit only one single or any pathogen. Such a difference in vector competence for one or more pathogens might be related to the microbiome, and understanding what differentiates these two groups of ticks could help us control several diseases aiming at the bacteria groups that contribute to such a broad vector competence. Using 16S rRNA from tick species that could be classified into these groups, genera such as Rickettsia and Staphylococcus seemed to be associated with such a broad vector competence. Our results highlight differences in tick species when they are divided based on the number of pathogens they are competent to transmit. These findings are the first step into understanding the relationship between one single tick species and the pathogens it transmits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago F. Mota
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Eduardo R. Fukutani
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Kelsilandia A. Martins
- Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - Vanessa R. Salgado
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária da União Metropolitana de Educação e Cultura (UNIME), Lauro de Freitas, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Bruno B. Andrade
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Deborah B. M. Fraga
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Artur T. L. Queiroz
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
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Delrieu M, Martinet JP, O’Connor O, Viennet E, Menkes C, Burtet-Sarramegna V, Frentiu FD, Dupont-Rouzeyrol M. Temperature and transmission of chikungunya, dengue, and Zika viruses: A systematic review of experimental studies on Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. CURRENT RESEARCH IN PARASITOLOGY & VECTOR-BORNE DISEASES 2023; 4:100139. [PMID: 37719233 PMCID: PMC10500480 DOI: 10.1016/j.crpvbd.2023.100139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Mosquito-borne viruses are leading causes of morbidity and mortality in many parts of the world. In recent years, modelling studies have shown that climate change strongly influences vector-borne disease transmission, particularly rising temperatures. As a result, the risk of epidemics has increased, posing a significant public health risk. This review aims to summarize all published laboratory experimental studies carried out over the years to determine the impact of temperature on the transmission of arboviruses by the mosquito vector. Given their high public health importance, we focus on dengue, chikungunya, and Zika viruses, which are transmitted by the mosquitoes Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. Following PRISMA guidelines, 34 papers were included in this systematic review. Most studies found that increasing temperatures result in higher rates of infection, dissemination, and transmission of these viruses in mosquitoes, although several studies had differing findings. Overall, the studies reviewed here suggest that rising temperatures due to climate change would alter the vector competence of mosquitoes to increase epidemic risk, but that some critical research gaps remain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Méryl Delrieu
- Institut Pasteur de Nouvelle-Calédonie, Institut Pasteur International
Network, URE Dengue et Arborises, Nouméa 98845, New Caledonia
| | - Jean-Philippe Martinet
- Institut Pasteur de Nouvelle-Calédonie, Institut Pasteur International
Network, URE Dengue et Arborises, Nouméa 98845, New Caledonia
| | - Olivia O’Connor
- Institut Pasteur de Nouvelle-Calédonie, Institut Pasteur International
Network, URE Dengue et Arborises, Nouméa 98845, New Caledonia
| | - Elvina Viennet
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology,
Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia
| | - Christophe Menkes
- ENTROPIE, IRD, University of New Caledonia, University of La Réunion,
CNRS, Ifremer, Nouméa, New Caledonia
| | - Valérie Burtet-Sarramegna
- Institute of Exact and Applied Sciences (ISEA), University of New
Caledonia, 45 Avenue James Cook - BP R4 98 851 - Nouméa Cedex, New
Caledonia
| | - Francesca D. Frentiu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, And Centre for Immunology and Infection
Control, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000,
Australia
| | - Myrielle Dupont-Rouzeyrol
- Institut Pasteur de Nouvelle-Calédonie, Institut Pasteur International
Network, URE Dengue et Arborises, Nouméa 98845, New Caledonia
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8
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Bisia M, Montenegro-Quinoñez CA, Dambach P, Deckert A, Horstick O, Kolimenakis A, Louis VR, Manrique-Saide P, Michaelakis A, Runge-Ranzinger S, Morrison AC. Secondary vectors of Zika Virus, a systematic review of laboratory vector competence studies. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2023; 17:e0011591. [PMID: 37651473 PMCID: PMC10499269 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND After the unprecedented Zika virus (ZIKV) outbreak in the western hemisphere from 2015-2018, Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus are now well established primary and secondary ZIKV vectors, respectively. Consensus about identification and importance of other secondary ZIKV vectors remain. This systematic review aims to provide a list of vector species capable of transmitting ZIKV by reviewing evidence from laboratory vector competence (VC) studies and to identify key knowledge gaps and issues within the ZIKV VC literature. METHODS A search was performed until 15th March 2022 on the Cochrane Library, Lilacs, PubMed, Web of Science, WHOLIS and Google Scholar. The search strings included three general categories: 1) "ZIKA"; 2) "vector"; 3) "competence", "transmission", "isolation", or "feeding behavior" and their combinations. Inclusion and exclusion criteria has been predefined and quality of included articles was assessed by STROBE and STROME-ID criteria. FINDINGS From 8,986 articles retrieved, 2,349 non-duplicates were screened by title and abstracts,103 evaluated using the full text, and 45 included in this analysis. Main findings are 1) secondary vectors of interest include Ae. japonicus, Ae. detritus, and Ae. vexans at higher temperature 2) Culex quinquefasciatus was not found to be a competent vector of ZIKV, 3) considerable heterogeneity in VC, depending on the local mosquito strain and virus used in testing was observed. Critical issues or gaps identified included 1) inconsistent definitions of VC parameters across the literature; 2) equivalency of using different mosquito body parts to evaluate VC parameters for infection (mosquito bodies versus midguts), dissemination (heads, legs or wings versus salivary glands), and transmission (detection or virus amplification in saliva, FTA cards, transmission to neonatal mice); 3) articles that fail to use infectious virus assays to confirm the presence of live virus; 4) need for more studies using murine models with immunocompromised mice to infect mosquitoes. CONCLUSION Recent, large collaborative multi-country projects to conduct large scale evaluations of specific mosquito species represent the most appropriate approach to establish VC of mosquito species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Bisia
- Laboratory of Insects and Parasites of Medical Importance, Scientific Directorate of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, Athens, Greece
| | - Carlos Alberto Montenegro-Quinoñez
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Instituto de Investigaciones, Centro Universitario de Zacapa, Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala, Zacapa, Guatemala
| | - Peter Dambach
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Deckert
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Olaf Horstick
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Antonios Kolimenakis
- Laboratory of Insects and Parasites of Medical Importance, Scientific Directorate of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, Athens, Greece
| | - Valérie R. Louis
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Pablo Manrique-Saide
- Unidad Colaborativa para Bioensayos Entomológicos (UCBE), Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, México
| | - Antonios Michaelakis
- Laboratory of Insects and Parasites of Medical Importance, Scientific Directorate of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, Athens, Greece
| | - Silvia Runge-Ranzinger
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Amy C. Morrison
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
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Szentivanyi T, McKee C, Jones G, Foster JT. Trends in Bacterial Pathogens of Bats: Global Distribution and Knowledge Gaps. Transbound Emerg Dis 2023. [DOI: 10.1155/2023/9285855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Bats have received considerable recent attention for infectious disease research because of their potential to host and transmit viruses, including Ebola, Hendra, Nipah, and multiple coronaviruses. These pathogens are occasionally transmitted from bats to wildlife, livestock, and to humans, directly or through other bridging (intermediate) hosts. Due to their public health relevance, zoonotic viruses are a primary focus of research attention. In contrast, other emerging pathogens of bats, such as bacteria, are vastly understudied despite their ubiquity and diversity. Here, we describe the currently known host ranges and geographic distributional patterns of potentially zoonotic bacterial genera in bats, using published presence-absence data of pathogen occurrence. We identify apparent gaps in our understanding of the distribution of these pathogens on a global scale. The most frequently detected bacterial genera in bats are Bartonella, Leptospira, and Mycoplasma. However, a wide variety of other potentially zoonotic bacterial genera are also occasionally found in bats, such as Anaplasma, Brucella, Borrelia, Coxiella, Ehrlichia, Francisella, Neorickettsia, and Rickettsia. The bat families Phyllostomidae, Vespertilionidae, and Pteropodidae are most frequently reported as hosts of bacterial pathogens; however, the presence of at least one bacterial genus was confirmed in all 15 bat families tested. On a spatial scale, molecular diagnostics of samples from 58 countries and four overseas departments and island states (French Guiana, Mayotte, New Caledonia, and Réunion Island) reported testing for at least one bacterial pathogen in bats. We also identified geographical areas that have been mostly neglected during bacterial pathogen research in bats, such as the Afrotropical region and Southern Asia. Current knowledge on the distribution of potentially zoonotic bacterial genera in bats is strongly biased by research effort towards certain taxonomic groups and geographic regions. Identifying these biases can guide future surveillance efforts, contributing to a better understanding of the ecoepidemiology of zoonotic pathogens in bats.
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Krokovsky L, Lins CRB, Guedes DRD, Wallau GDL, Ayres CFJ, Paiva MHS. Dynamic of Mayaro Virus Transmission in Aedes aegypti, Culex quinquefasciatus Mosquitoes, and a Mice Model. Viruses 2023; 15:v15030799. [PMID: 36992508 PMCID: PMC10053307 DOI: 10.3390/v15030799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Mayaro virus (MAYV) is transmitted by Haemagogus spp. mosquitoes and has been circulating in Amazon areas in the North and Central West regions of Brazil since the 1980s, with an increase in human case notifications in the last 10 years. MAYV introduction in urban areas is a public health concern as infections can cause severe symptoms similar to other alphaviruses. Studies with Aedes aegypti have demonstrated the potential vector competence of the species and the detection of MAYV in urban populations of mosquitoes. Considering the two most abundant urban mosquito species in Brazil, we investigated the dynamics of MAYV transmission by Ae. aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus in a mice model. Mosquito colonies were artificially fed with blood containing MAYV and infection (IR) and dissemination rates (DR) were evaluated. On the 7th day post-infection (dpi), IFNAR BL/6 mice were made available as a blood source to both mosquito species. After the appearance of clinical signs of infection, a second blood feeding was performed with a new group of non-infected mosquitoes. RT-qPCR and plaque assays were carried out with animal and mosquito tissues to determine IR and DR. For Ae. aegypti, we found an IR of 97.5-100% and a DR reached 100% in both 7 and 14 dpi. While IR and DR for Cx. quinquefasciatus was 13.1-14.81% and 60% to 80%, respectively. A total of 18 mice were used (test = 12 and control = 6) for Ae. aegypti and 12 (test = 8 and control = 4) for Cx. quinquefasciatus to evaluate the mosquito-mice transmission rate. All mice that were bitten by infected Ae. aegypti showed clinical signs of infection while all mice exposed to infected Cx. quinquefasciatus mosquitoes remained healthy. Viremia in the mice from Ae. aegypti group ranged from 2.5 × 108 to 5 × 109 PFU/mL. Ae. aegypti from the second blood feeding showed a 50% IR. Our study showed the applicability of an efficient model to complete arbovirus transmission cycle studies and suggests that the Ae. aegypti population evaluated is a competent vector for MAYV, while highlighting the vectorial capacity of Ae. aegypti and the possible introduction into urban areas. The mice model employed here is an important tool for arthropod-vector transmission studies with laboratory and field mosquito populations, as well as with other arboviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Krokovsky
- Departamento de Entomologia, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Professor Moraes Rego, S/N, Campus da UFPE, Cidade Universitária, Recife 50740-465, PE, Brazil
| | - Carlos Ralph Batista Lins
- Biotério de Criação, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Professor Moraes Rego, S/N, Campus da UFPE, Cidade Universitária, Recife 50740-465, PE, Brazil
| | - Duschinka Ribeiro Duarte Guedes
- Departamento de Entomologia, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Professor Moraes Rego, S/N, Campus da UFPE, Cidade Universitária, Recife 50740-465, PE, Brazil
| | - Gabriel da Luz Wallau
- Departamento de Entomologia, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Professor Moraes Rego, S/N, Campus da UFPE, Cidade Universitária, Recife 50740-465, PE, Brazil
| | - Constância Flávia Junqueira Ayres
- Departamento de Entomologia, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Professor Moraes Rego, S/N, Campus da UFPE, Cidade Universitária, Recife 50740-465, PE, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Henrique Santos Paiva
- Departamento de Entomologia, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Professor Moraes Rego, S/N, Campus da UFPE, Cidade Universitária, Recife 50740-465, PE, Brazil
- Núcleo de Ciências da Vida, Centro Acadêmico do Agreste, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Rodovia BR-104, km 59-Nova Caruaru, Caruaru 55002-970, PE, Brazil
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