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Lopes NDS, Santos AS, de Novais DPS, Pirovani CP, Micheli F. Pathogenesis-related protein 10 in resistance to biotic stress: progress in elucidating functions, regulation and modes of action. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1193873. [PMID: 37469770 PMCID: PMC10352611 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1193873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Introduction The Family of pathogenesis-related proteins 10 (PR-10) is widely distributed in the plant kingdom. PR-10 are multifunctional proteins, constitutively expressed in all plant tissues, playing a role in growth and development or being induced in stress situations. Several studies have investigated the preponderant role of PR-10 in plant defense against biotic stresses; however, little is known about the mechanisms of action of these proteins. This is the first systematic review conducted to gather information on the subject and to reveal the possible mechanisms of action that PR-10 perform. Methods Therefore, three databases were used for the article search: PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. To avoid bias, a protocol with inclusion and exclusion criteria was prepared. In total, 216 articles related to the proposed objective of this study were selected. Results The participation of PR-10 was revealed in the plant's defense against several stressor agents such as viruses, bacteria, fungi, oomycetes, nematodes and insects, and studies involving fungi and bacteria were predominant in the selected articles. Studies with combined techniques showed a compilation of relevant information about PR-10 in biotic stress that collaborate with the understanding of the mechanisms of action of these molecules. The up-regulation of PR-10 was predominant under different conditions of biotic stress, in addition to being more expressive in resistant varieties both at the transcriptional and translational level. Discussion Biological models that have been proposed reveal an intrinsic network of molecular interactions involving the modes of action of PR-10. These include hormonal pathways, transcription factors, physical interactions with effector proteins or pattern recognition receptors and other molecules involved with the plant's defense system. Conclusion The molecular networks involving PR-10 reveal how the plant's defense response is mediated, either to trigger susceptibility or, based on data systematized in this review, more frequently, to have plant resistance to the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha dos Santos Lopes
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas (DCB), Centro de Biotecnologia e Genética (CBG), Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (UESC), Ilhéus-Bahia, Brazil
| | - Ariana Silva Santos
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas (DCB), Centro de Biotecnologia e Genética (CBG), Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (UESC), Ilhéus-Bahia, Brazil
| | - Diogo Pereira Silva de Novais
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas (DCB), Centro de Biotecnologia e Genética (CBG), Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (UESC), Ilhéus-Bahia, Brazil
| | - Carlos Priminho Pirovani
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas (DCB), Centro de Biotecnologia e Genética (CBG), Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (UESC), Ilhéus-Bahia, Brazil
| | - Fabienne Micheli
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas (DCB), Centro de Biotecnologia e Genética (CBG), Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (UESC), Ilhéus-Bahia, Brazil
- Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (CIRAD), Unité Mixte de Recherche Amélioration Génétique et Adaptation des Plantes Meditérranéennes et Tropicales (UMR AGAP Institut), Montpellier, France
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Chandra Kaladhar V, Singh Y, Mohandas Nair A, Kumar K, Kumar Singh A, Kumar Verma P. A small cysteine-rich fungal effector, BsCE66 is essential for the virulence of Bipolaris sorokiniana on wheat plants. Fungal Genet Biol 2023; 166:103798. [PMID: 37059379 DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2023.103798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
The Spot Blotch (SB) caused by hemibiotrophic fungal pathogen Bipolaris sorokiniana is one of the most devastating wheat diseases leading to 15-100% crop loss. However, the biology of Triticum-Bipolaris interactions and host immunity modulation by secreted effector proteins remain underexplored. Here, we identified a total of 692 secretory proteins including 186 predicted effectors encoded by B. sorokiniana genome. Gene Ontology categorization showed that these proteins belong to cellular, metabolic and signaling processes, and exhibit catalytic and binding activities. Further, we functionally characterized a cysteine-rich, B. sorokiniana Candidate Effector 66 (BsCE66) that was induced at 24-96 hpi during host colonization. The Δbsce66 mutant did not show vegetative growth defects or stress sensitivity compared to wild-type, but developed drastically reduced necrotic lesions upon infection in wheat plants. The loss-of-virulence phenotype was rescued upon complementing the Δbsce66 mutant with BsCE66 gene. Moreover, BsCE66 does not form homodimer and conserved cysteine residues form intra-molecular disulphide bonds. BsCE66 localizes to the host nucleus and cytosol, and triggers a strong oxidative burst and cell death in Nicotiana benthamiana. Overall, our findings demonstrate that BsCE66 is a key virulence factor that is necessary for host immunity modulation and SB disease progression. These findings would significantly improve our understanding of Triticum-Bipolaris interactions and assist in the development of SB resistant wheat varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vemula Chandra Kaladhar
- School of Life Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India - 382030
| | - Yeshveer Singh
- Transcription Regulation Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India - 110067
| | - Athira Mohandas Nair
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India - 110067
| | - Kamal Kumar
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Marg, New Delhi, India - 110021
| | - Achuit Kumar Singh
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India - 221305
| | - Praveen Kumar Verma
- Plant Immunity Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India - 110067.
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Imtiaz K, Ahmed M, Annum N, Tester M, Saeed NA. AtCIPK16, a CBL-interacting protein kinase gene, confers salinity tolerance in transgenic wheat. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1127311. [PMID: 37008481 PMCID: PMC10060804 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1127311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Globally, wheat is the major source of staple food, protein, and basic calories for most of the human population. Strategies must be adopted for sustainable wheat crop production to fill the ever-increasing food demand. Salinity is one of the major abiotic stresses involved in plant growth retardation and grain yield reduction. In plants, calcineurin-B-like proteins form a complicated network with the target kinase CBL-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs) in response to intracellular calcium signaling as a consequence of abiotic stresses. The AtCIPK16 gene has been identified in Arabidopsis thaliana and found to be significantly upregulated under salinity stress. In this study, the AtCIPK16 gene was cloned in two different plant expression vectors, i.e., pTOOL37 having a UBI1 promoter and pMDC32 having a 2XCaMV35S constitutive promoter transformed through the Agrobacterium-mediated transformation protocol, in the local wheat cultivar Faisalabad-2008. Based on their ability to tolerate different levels of salt stress (0, 50, 100, and 200 mM), the transgenic wheat lines OE1, OE2, and OE3 expressing AtCIPK16 under the UBI1 promoter and OE5, OE6, and OE7 expressing the same gene under the 2XCaMV35S promoter performed better at 100 mM of salinity stress as compared with the wild type. The AtCIPK16 overexpressing transgenic wheat lines were further investigated for their K+ retention ability in root tissues by utilizing the microelectrode ion flux estimation technique. It has been demonstrated that after 10 min of 100 mM NaCl application, more K+ ions were retained in the AtCIPK16 overexpressing transgenic wheat lines than in the wild type. Moreover, it could be concluded that AtCIPK16 functions as a positive elicitor in sequestering Na+ ions into the cell vacuole and retaining more cellular K+ under salt stress to maintain ionic homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadija Imtiaz
- Wheat Biotechnology Lab, Agriculture Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Constituent College Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Moddassir Ahmed
- Wheat Biotechnology Lab, Agriculture Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Constituent College Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Nazish Annum
- Wheat Biotechnology Lab, Agriculture Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Constituent College Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Mark Tester
- Center for Desert Agriculture, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasir A. Saeed
- Wheat Biotechnology Lab, Agriculture Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Constituent College Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Roy C, He X, Gahtyari NC, Mahapatra S, Singh PK. Managing spot blotch disease in wheat: Conventional to molecular aspects. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1098648. [PMID: 36895883 PMCID: PMC9990093 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1098648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Spot blotch (SB) caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana (teleomorph Cochliobolus sativus) is one of the devastating diseases of wheat in the warm and humid growing areas around the world. B. sorokiniana can infect leaves, stem, roots, rachis and seeds, and is able to produce toxins like helminthosporol and sorokinianin. No wheat variety is immune to SB; hence, an integrated disease management strategy is indispensable in disease prone areas. A range of fungicides, especially the triazole group, have shown good effects in reducing the disease, and crop-rotation, tillage and early sowing are among the favorable cultural management methods. Resistance is mostly quantitative, being governed by QTLs with minor effects, mapped on all the wheat chromosomes. Only four QTLs with major effects have been designated as Sb1 through Sb4. Despite, marker assisted breeding for SB resistance in wheat is scarce. Better understanding of wheat genome assemblies, functional genomics and cloning of resistance genes will further accelerate breeding for SB resistance in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandan Roy
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Agriculture University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Xinyao He
- Global Wheat Program, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Mexico DF, Mexico
| | - Navin C. Gahtyari
- Crop Improvement Division, ICAR–Vivekanand Parvatiya Krishi Anushandhan Sansthan, Almora, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Sunita Mahapatra
- Department of Plant Pathology, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, West Bengal, India
| | - Pawan K. Singh
- Global Wheat Program, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Mexico DF, Mexico
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Vuong UT, Iswanto ABB, Nguyen Q, Kang H, Lee J, Moon J, Kim SH. Engineering plant immune circuit: walking to the bright future with a novel toolbox. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2023; 21:17-45. [PMID: 36036862 PMCID: PMC9829404 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Plant pathogens destroy crops and cause severe yield losses, leading to an insufficient food supply to sustain the human population. Apart from relying on natural plant immune systems to combat biological agents or waiting for the appropriate evolutionary steps to occur over time, researchers are currently seeking new breakthrough methods to boost disease resistance in plants through genetic engineering. Here, we summarize the past two decades of research in disease resistance engineering against an assortment of pathogens through modifying the plant immune components (internal and external) with several biotechnological techniques. We also discuss potential strategies and provide perspectives on engineering plant immune systems for enhanced pathogen resistance and plant fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uyen Thi Vuong
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research CenterGyeongsang National UniversityJinjuRepublic of Korea
| | - Arya Bagus Boedi Iswanto
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research CenterGyeongsang National UniversityJinjuRepublic of Korea
| | - Quang‐Minh Nguyen
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research CenterGyeongsang National UniversityJinjuRepublic of Korea
| | - Hobin Kang
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research CenterGyeongsang National UniversityJinjuRepublic of Korea
| | - Jihyun Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research CenterGyeongsang National UniversityJinjuRepublic of Korea
| | - Jiyun Moon
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research CenterGyeongsang National UniversityJinjuRepublic of Korea
| | - Sang Hee Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research CenterGyeongsang National UniversityJinjuRepublic of Korea
- Division of Life ScienceGyeongsang National UniversityJinjuRepublic of Korea
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Lin N, Wang M, Jiang J, Zhou Q, Yin J, Li J, Lian J, Xue Y, Chai Y. Downregulation of Brassica napus MYB69 ( BnMYB69) increases biomass growth and disease susceptibility via remodeling phytohormone, chlorophyll, shikimate and lignin levels. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1157836. [PMID: 37077631 PMCID: PMC10108680 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1157836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
MYB transcription factors are major actors regulating plant development and adaptability. Brassica napus is a staple oil crop and is hampered by lodging and diseases. Here, four B. napus MYB69 (BnMYB69s) genes were cloned and functionally characterized. They were dominantly expressed in stems during lignification. BnMYB69 RNA interference (BnMYB69i) plants showed considerable changes in morphology, anatomy, metabolism and gene expression. Stem diameter, leaves, roots and total biomass were distinctly larger, but plant height was significantly reduced. Contents of lignin, cellulose and protopectin in stems were significantly reduced, accompanied with decrease in bending resistance and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum resistance. Anatomical detection observed perturbation in vascular and fiber differentiation in stems, but promotion in parenchyma growth, accompanied with changes in cell size and cell number. In shoots, contents of IAA, shikimates and proanthocyanidin were reduced, while contents of ABA, BL and leaf chlorophyll were increased. qRT-PCR revealed changes in multiple pathways of primary and secondary metabolisms. IAA treatment could recover many phenotypes and metabolisms of BnMYB69i plants. However, roots showed trends opposite to shoots in most cases, and BnMYB69i phenotypes were light-sensitive. Conclusively, BnMYB69s might be light-regulated positive regulators of shikimates-related metabolisms, and exert profound influences on various internal and external plant traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Lin
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City and Southwest University, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mu Wang
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City and Southwest University, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiayi Jiang
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City and Southwest University, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qinyuan Zhou
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City and Southwest University, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiaming Yin
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City and Southwest University, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiana Li
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City and Southwest University, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Academy of Agricultural Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianping Lian
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City and Southwest University, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yufei Xue
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City and Southwest University, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yourong Chai
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City and Southwest University, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Academy of Agricultural Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Yourong Chai,
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Pratyusha DS, Sarada DVL. MYB transcription factors-master regulators of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and diverse developmental and stress responses. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2022; 41:2245-2260. [PMID: 36171500 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-022-02927-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Phenylpropanoids, the largest class of natural products including flavonoids, anthocyanins, monolignols and tannins perform multiple functions ranging from photosynthesis, nutrient uptake, regulating growth, cell division, maintenance of redox homeostasis and biotic and abiotic stress responses. Being sedentary life forms, plants possess several regulatory modules that increase their performance in varying environments by facilitating activation of several signaling cascades upon perception of developmental and stress signals. Of the various regulatory modules, those involving MYB transcription factors are one of the extensive groups involved in regulating the phenylpropanoid metabolic enzymes in addition to other genes. R2R3 MYB transcription factors are a class of plant-specific transcription factors that regulate the expression of structural genes involved in anthocyanin, flavonoid and monolignol biosynthesis which are indispensable to several developmental pathways and stress responses. The aim of this review is to present the regulation of the phenylpropanoid pathway by MYB transcription factors via Phospholipase D/phosphatidic acid signaling, downstream activation of the structural genes, leading to developmental and/or stress responses. Specific MYB transcription factors inducing or repressing specific structural genes of anthocyanin, flavonoid and lignin biosynthetic pathways are discussed. Further the roles of MYB in activating biotic and abiotic stress responses are delineated. While several articles have reported the role of MYB's in stress responses, they are restricted to two or three specific MYB factors. This review is a consolidation of the diverse roles of different MYB transcription factors involved both in induction and repression of anthocyanin, flavonoid, and lignin biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durvasula Sumana Pratyusha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, 603 203, India
| | - Dronamraju V L Sarada
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, 603 203, India.
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Hawku MD, He F, Bai X, Islam MA, Huang X, Kang Z, Guo J. A R2R3 MYB Transcription Factor, TaMYB391, Is Positively Involved in Wheat Resistance to Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214070. [PMID: 36430549 PMCID: PMC9693031 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A biotrophic fungus, Puccinia striiformis f.sp. tritici (Pst), which causes stripe rust disease in wheat is the most yield-limiting factor in wheat production. Plants have complex defense mechanisms against invading pathogens. Hypersensitive response (HR), a kind of programmed cell death (PCD) at the infection site, is among these defense mechanisms. Transcription factors (TFs) play a crucial role in plant defense response against invading pathogens. Myeloblastosis (MYB) TFs are among the largest TFs families that are involved in response to both biotic and abiotic stresses. However, little is known about the mechanisms of MYB TFs during the interaction between wheat and the stripe rust fungus. Here, we identified an R2R3 MYB TF from wheat, designated as TaMYB391, and characterized its functional role during wheat-Pst interaction. Our data indicated that TaMYB391 is induced by Pst infection and exogenous application of salicylic acid (SA) and abscisic acid (ABA). TaMYB391 is localized in the nucleus of both wheat and Nicotiana benthamiana. Transient overexpression of TaMYB391 in N. benthamiana triggered HR-related PCD accompanied by increased electrolyte leakage, high accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and transcriptional accumulation of SA defense-related genes and HR-specific marker genes. Overexpression of TaMYB391 in wheat significantly enhanced wheat resistance to stripe rust fungus through the induction of pathogenesis-related (PR) genes, ROS accumulation and hypersensitive cell death. On the other hand, RNAi-mediated silencing of TaMYB391 decreased the resistance of wheat to Pst accompanied by enhanced growth of the pathogen. Together our findings demonstrate that TaMYB391 acts as a positive regulator of HR-associated cell death and positively contributes to the resistance of wheat to the stripe rust fungus by regulating certain PR genes, possibly through SA signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehari Desta Hawku
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
- Department of Crop Science, College of Agriculture, Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, University of Rwanda, Musanze P.O. Box 210, Rwanda
| | - Fuxin He
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Xingxuan Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Md Ashraful Islam
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Xueling Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Zhensheng Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
- Correspondence: (Z.K.); (J.G.)
| | - Jun Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
- Correspondence: (Z.K.); (J.G.)
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Zhang X, Cao H, Wang J, Li F, Zhao J. Graphene Oxide Exhibits Antifungal Activity against Bipolaris sorokiniana In Vitro and In Vivo. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10101994. [PMID: 36296270 PMCID: PMC9606959 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10101994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The antimicrobial properties of graphene in vitro have been widely reported. However, compared to research performed on graphene’s antibacterial properties, there have been relatively few studies assessing graphene’s antifungal properties. In particular, evaluating graphene’s pathogenic effects on host plants in vivo, which is critical to using graphene in disease control, has rarely been performed. In this study, the fungal pathogen of wheat, barley, and other plants, Bipolaris sorokiniana (B. sorokiniana) and graphene oxide (GO) were selected for materials. A combination of physiological, cytological, and biochemical approaches was used to explore how GO affects the growth and pathogenicity of B. sorokiniana. The mycelial growth and spore germination of B. sorokiniana were both inhibited in a dose-dependent manner by GO treatment. The addition of GO significantly alleviated the infection of pathogenic fungi in host plants. The results of scanning electron microscopy demonstrated that the inhibitory effect of GO on B. sorokiniana was primarily related to the destruction of the cell membrane. Our study confirmed the antifungal effect of graphene in vitro and in vivo, providing an experimental basis for applying graphene in disease resistance, which is of great significance for agricultural and forestry production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of National Forest and Grass Administration for the Application of Graphene in Forestry, Institute of Carbon Materials Science, Shanxi Datong University, Datong 037009, China
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (H.C.); (J.Z.)
| | - Huifen Cao
- College of Agriculture and Life Science, Shanxi Datong University, Datong 037009, China
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (H.C.); (J.Z.)
| | - Juan Wang
- College of Agriculture and Life Science, Shanxi Datong University, Datong 037009, China
| | - Feng Li
- College of Agriculture and Life Science, Shanxi Datong University, Datong 037009, China
| | - Jianguo Zhao
- Key Laboratory of National Forest and Grass Administration for the Application of Graphene in Forestry, Institute of Carbon Materials Science, Shanxi Datong University, Datong 037009, China
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (H.C.); (J.Z.)
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Physiological and Molecular Characteristics of Southern Leaf Blight Resistance in Sweet Corn Inbred Lines. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810236. [PMID: 36142144 PMCID: PMC9499663 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Southern corn leaf blight is one of the most widespread foliar diseases in maize-producing areas worldwide and can seriously reduce the yield and quality of sweet corn. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the disease in sweet corn have not been widely reported. In this study, two sweet corn inbred lines, resistant K13 (RK13) and susceptible K39 (SK39), were used to explore the disease resistance mechanism of southern leaf blight. We observed morphological characteristics and assessed the changes in protective enzymatic activity in sweet corn leaves after inoculation of C. heterostrophus. RNA-seq was performed to elucidate the transcriptional dynamics and reveal the key pathways involved in southern leaf blight resistance without pathogens (Mock) and at 1 and 3 days post inoculation (1 and 3 dpi). Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the SK39 group (including three pairwise combinations: SK39−0d_vs_SK39−1d, SK39−1d_vs_SK39−3d and SK39−1d_vs_SK39−3d), the RK13 group (including three pairwise combinations: RK13−0d_vs_RK13−1d, RK13−1d_vs_RK13−3d and RK13−1d_vs_RK13−3d), and the SK39_vs_RK13 group (including three pairwise combinations: SK39−0d_vs_RK13−0d, SK39−1d_vs_RK13−1d, and SK39−3d_vs_RK13−3d). In our study, 9455 DEGs from the RK13 group, 9626 from the SK39 group, and 9051 DEGs from the SK39_vs_RK13 group were obtained. Furthermore, 2775, 163, and 185 DEGs were co-expressed at SK39_vs_RK13, RK13, and SK39, respectively. A functional analysis of the DEGs revealed that five pathways—i.e., photosynthesis, plant hormone signal transduction, MAPK signaling pathway, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites—and transcription factor families play crucial roles in disease resistance. The results from the present study enabled the identification of the JA and SA signaling pathways, which are potentially involved in the response to southern leaf blight in maize. Our findings also highlight the significance of ZIM transcription factors and pathogenesis-related (PR) genes during pathogen infection. This study preliminarily explored the molecular mechanisms of the interaction between sweet corn and C. heterostrophus and provides a reference for identifying southern leaf blight resistance genes in the future.
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Chen Z, Wu Z, Dong W, Liu S, Tian L, Li J, Du H. MYB Transcription Factors Becoming Mainstream in Plant Roots. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169262. [PMID: 36012533 PMCID: PMC9409031 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The function of the root system is crucial for plant survival, such as anchoring plants, absorbing nutrients and water from the soil, and adapting to stress. MYB transcription factors constitute one of the largest transcription factor families in plant genomes with structural and functional diversifications. Members of this superfamily in plant development and cell differentiation, specialized metabolism, and biotic and abiotic stress processes are widely recognized, but their roles in plant roots are still not well characterized. Recent advances in functional studies remind us that MYB genes may have potentially key roles in roots. In this review, the current knowledge about the functions of MYB genes in roots was summarized, including promoting cell differentiation, regulating cell division through cell cycle, response to biotic and abiotic stresses (e.g., drought, salt stress, nutrient stress, light, gravity, and fungi), and mediate phytohormone signals. MYB genes from the same subfamily tend to regulate similar biological processes in roots in redundant but precise ways. Given their increasing known functions and wide expression profiles in roots, MYB genes are proposed as key components of the gene regulatory networks associated with distinct biological processes in roots. Further functional studies of MYB genes will provide an important basis for root regulatory mechanisms, enabling a more inclusive green revolution and sustainable agriculture to face the constant changes in climate and environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Chen
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Zexuan Wu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Wenyu Dong
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Shiying Liu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Lulu Tian
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Jiana Li
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Hai Du
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-182-2348-0008
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12
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Nykiel M, Gietler M, Fidler J, Prabucka B, Rybarczyk-Płońska A, Graska J, Boguszewska-Mańkowska D, Muszyńska E, Morkunas I, Labudda M. Signal Transduction in Cereal Plants Struggling with Environmental Stresses: From Perception to Response. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11081009. [PMID: 35448737 PMCID: PMC9026486 DOI: 10.3390/plants11081009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Cereal plants under abiotic or biotic stressors to survive unfavourable conditions and continue growth and development, rapidly and precisely identify external stimuli and activate complex molecular, biochemical, and physiological responses. To elicit a response to the stress factors, interactions between reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, calcium ions, mitogen-activated protein kinases, calcium-dependent protein kinases, calcineurin B-like interacting protein kinase, phytohormones and transcription factors occur. The integration of all these elements enables the change of gene expression, and the release of the antioxidant defence and protein repair systems. There are still numerous gaps in knowledge on these subjects in the literature caused by the multitude of signalling cascade components, simultaneous activation of multiple pathways and the intersection of their individual elements in response to both single and multiple stresses. Here, signal transduction pathways in cereal plants under drought, salinity, heavy metal stress, pathogen, and pest attack, as well as the crosstalk between the reactions during double stress responses are discussed. This article is a summary of the latest discoveries on signal transduction pathways and it integrates the available information to better outline the whole research problem for future research challenges as well as for the creative breeding of stress-tolerant cultivars of cereals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Nykiel
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (M.G.); (J.F.); (B.P.); (A.R.-P.); (J.G.); (M.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-22-593-2575
| | - Marta Gietler
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (M.G.); (J.F.); (B.P.); (A.R.-P.); (J.G.); (M.L.)
| | - Justyna Fidler
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (M.G.); (J.F.); (B.P.); (A.R.-P.); (J.G.); (M.L.)
| | - Beata Prabucka
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (M.G.); (J.F.); (B.P.); (A.R.-P.); (J.G.); (M.L.)
| | - Anna Rybarczyk-Płońska
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (M.G.); (J.F.); (B.P.); (A.R.-P.); (J.G.); (M.L.)
| | - Jakub Graska
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (M.G.); (J.F.); (B.P.); (A.R.-P.); (J.G.); (M.L.)
| | | | - Ewa Muszyńska
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Iwona Morkunas
- Department of Plant Physiology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wołyńska 35, 60-637 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Mateusz Labudda
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (M.G.); (J.F.); (B.P.); (A.R.-P.); (J.G.); (M.L.)
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13
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Ding Y, Gardiner DM, Powell JJ, Colgrave ML, Park RF, Kazan K. Adaptive defence and sensing responses of host plant roots to fungal pathogen attack revealed by transcriptome and metabolome analyses. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2021; 44:3526-3544. [PMID: 34591319 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Plant root-produced constitutive and inducible defences inhibit pathogenic microorganisms within roots and in the rhizosphere. However, regulatory mechanisms underlying host responses during root-pathogen interactions are largely unexplored. Using the model species Brachypodium distachyon (Bd), we studied transcriptional and metabolic responses altered in Bd roots following challenge with Fusarium graminearum (Fg), a fungal pathogen that causes diseases in diverse organs of cereal crops. Shared gene expression patterns were found between Bd roots and spikes during Fg infection associated with the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON). Overexpression of BdMYB78, an up-regulated transcription factor, significantly increased root resistance during Fg infection. We show that Bd roots recognize encroaching Fg prior to physical contact by altering transcription of genes associated with multiple cellular processes such as reactive oxygen species and cell development. These changes coincide with altered levels of secreted host metabolites detected by an untargeted metabolomic approach. The secretion of Bd metabolites was suppressed by Fg as enhanced levels of defence-associated metabolites were found in roots during pre-contact with a Fg mutant defective in host perception and the ability to cause disease. Our results help to understand root defence strategies employed by plants, with potential implications for improving the resistance of cereal crops to soil pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ding
- Agriculture and Food, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
- The Plant Breeding Institute, School of Life & Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Cobbitty, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Donald M Gardiner
- Agriculture and Food, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jonathan J Powell
- Agriculture and Food, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Michelle L Colgrave
- Agriculture and Food, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
- Australian Research Council, Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Robert F Park
- The Plant Breeding Institute, School of Life & Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Cobbitty, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kemal Kazan
- Agriculture and Food, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
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14
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Wei X, Xu Z, Zhang N, Yang W, Liu D, Ma L. Synergistic Action of Commercially Available Fungicides for Protecting Wheat from Common Root Rot Caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana in China. PLANT DISEASE 2021; 105:667-674. [PMID: 32729809 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-03-20-0627-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Wheat (Triticum aestivum) common root rot (CRR) caused by predominant fungal pathogen Bipolaris sorokiniana occurs in all wheat-growing regions worldwide and is difficult to control. In this study, the efficacy of eight fungicides against Bipolaris sorokiniana was examined in in vitro assays, and we determined that the combined application of two fungicides significantly inhibits the growth of fungal mycelium. Half of the maximal effective concentration of a mixture containing fludioxonil and difenoconazole in the ratio 1:4 was 0.0372 mg/liter, and the cotoxicity coefficient was 160.14. Under an environmentally controlled pot assay, seed treatment with the mixture of fludioxonil and difenoconazole in the 1:4 ratio demonstrated the best control efficiency at seedling and adult stages, respectively. The best synergistic mixture on seed treatment was assessed in a 2-year field experiment at Hebei, China. The best control efficacy achieved at the seedling and adult stages was 82.65% and 68.48%, respectively. Overall, the in vitro mycelial growth inhibition assay and controlled-environment and field studies indicated that the synergistic action of a mixture of fludioxonil and difenoconazole provides effective control against wheat CRR. These findings highlight the potential application of the fungicide combination for controlling CRR and reducing the selection pressure on fungal pathogens by lessening the use of various fungicides in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejun Wei
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University/Biological Control Center for Plant Diseases and Plant Pests of Hebei, Baoding 071001, P. R. China
- School of Landscape and Ecological Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038, P. R. China
| | - Zihang Xu
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University/Biological Control Center for Plant Diseases and Plant Pests of Hebei, Baoding 071001, P. R. China
| | - Na Zhang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University/Biological Control Center for Plant Diseases and Plant Pests of Hebei, Baoding 071001, P. R. China
| | - Wenxiang Yang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University/Biological Control Center for Plant Diseases and Plant Pests of Hebei, Baoding 071001, P. R. China
| | - Daqun Liu
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University/Biological Control Center for Plant Diseases and Plant Pests of Hebei, Baoding 071001, P. R. China
| | - Lisong Ma
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University/Biological Control Center for Plant Diseases and Plant Pests of Hebei, Baoding 071001, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
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15
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Xu T, Qin D, Muhae Ud Din G, Liu T, Chen W, Gao L. Characterization of histological changes at the tillering stage (Z21) in resistant and susceptible wheat plants infected by Tilletia controversa Kühn. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:49. [PMID: 33461490 PMCID: PMC7814547 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02819-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dwarf bunt, which is caused by Tilletia controversa Kühn, is a soilborne and seedborne disease that occurs worldwide and can lead to 70% or even total losses of wheat crops. However, very little information is available about the histological changes that occur in dwarf bunt-resistant and dwarf bunt-susceptible wheat plants at the tillering stage (Z21). In this study, we used scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy to characterize the histological changes at this stage in resistant and susceptible wheat cultivars infected by T. controversa. RESULTS Using scanning electron microscopy, the root, stem, and leaf structures of resistant and susceptible cultivars were examined after T. controversa infection. The root epidermal and vascular bundles were more severely damaged in the susceptible T. controversa-infected plants than in the resistant plants. The stem cell and longitudinal sections were much more extensively affected in susceptible plants than in resistant plants after pathogen infection. However, slightly deformed mesophyll cells were observed in the leaves of susceptible plants. With transmission electron microscopy, we found that the cortical bundle cells and the cell contents and nuclei in the roots were more severely affected in the susceptible plants than in the resistant plants; in the stems and leaves, the nuclei, chloroplasts, and mesophyll cells changed significantly in the susceptible plants after fungal infection. Moreover, we found that infected susceptible and resistant plants were affected much more severely at the tillering stage (Z21) than at the seedling growth stage (Z13). CONCLUSION Histological changes in the wheat roots, stems and leaves were much more severe in T. controversa-infected susceptible plants than in infected resistant plants at the tillering stage (Z21).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongshuo Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Dandan Qin
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ghulam Muhae Ud Din
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Taiguo Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Wanquan Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Li Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
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16
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Muhae-Ud-Din G, Chen D, Liu T, Chen W, Gao L. Methyljasmonate and salicylic acid contribute to the control of Tilletia controversa Kühn, causal agent of wheat dwarf bunt. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19175. [PMID: 33154472 PMCID: PMC7645591 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76210-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Tilletia controversa Kühn (TCK) is the causal agent of dwarf bunt of wheat, a destructive disease in wheat-growing regions of the world. The role of Meja, SA and Meja + SA were characterized for their control of TCK into roots, coleoptiles and anthers. The response of the defence genes PR-10a, Catalase, COI1-1, COII-2 and HRin1 was upregulated by Meja, SA and Meja + SA treatments, but Meja induced high level of expression compared to SA and Meja + SA at 1, 2, and 3 weeks in roots and coleoptiles, respectively. The severity of TCK effects in roots was greater at 1 week, but it decreased at 2 weeks in all treatments. We also investigated TCK hyphae proliferation into coleoptiles at 3 weeks and into anthers to determine whether hyphae move from the roots to the upper parts of the plants. The results showed that no hyphae were present in the coleoptiles and anthers of Meja-, SA- and Meja + SA-treated plants, while the hyphae were located on epidermal and sub-epidermal cells of anthers. In addition, the severity of hyphae increased with the passage of time as anthers matured. Bunted seeds were observed in the non-treated inoculated plants, while no disease symptoms were observed in the resistance of inducer treatments and control plants. Plant height was reduced after TCK infection compared to that of the treated inoculated and non-inoculated treatments. Together, these results suggested that Meja and SA display a distinct role in activation of defence genes in the roots and coleoptiles and that they eliminate the fungal pathogen movement to upper parts of the plants with the passage of time as the anthers mature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghulam Muhae-Ud-Din
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Delai Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China.,College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Taiguo Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanquan Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China.
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17
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Guo F, Shan Z, Yu J, Xu G, Zhang Z. The Cysteine-Rich Repeat Protein TaCRR1 Participates in Defense against Both Rhizoctonia cerealis and Bipolaris sorokiniana in Wheat. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21165698. [PMID: 32784820 PMCID: PMC7461100 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The domain of unknown function 26 (DUF26), harboring a conserved cysteine-rich motif (C-X8-C-X2-C), is unique to land plants. Several cysteine-rich repeat proteins (CRRs), belonging to DUF26-containing proteins, have been implicated in the defense against fungal pathogens in ginkgo, cotton, and maize. However, little is known about the functional roles of CRRs in the important staple crop wheat (Triticum aestivum). In this study, we identified a wheat CRR-encoding gene TaCRR1 through transcriptomic analysis, and dissected the defense role of TaCRR1 against the soil-borne fungi Rhizoctonia cerealis and Bipolaris sorokiniana, causal pathogens of destructive wheat diseases. TaCRR1 transcription was up-regulated in wheat towards B. Sorokiniana or R. cerealis infection. The deduced TaCRR1 protein contained a signal peptide and two DUF26 domains. Heterologously-expressed TaCRR1 protein markedly inhibited the mycelia growth of B. sorokiniana and R. cerealis. Furthermore, the silencing of TaCRR1 both impaired host resistance to B. sorokiniana and R. cerealis and repressed the expression of several pathogenesis-related genes in wheat. These results suggest that the TaCRR1 positively participated in wheat defense against both B. sorokiniana and R. cerealis through its antifungal activity and modulating expression of pathogenesis-related genes. Thus, TaCRR1 is a candidate gene for improving wheat resistance to B. sorokiniana and R. cerealis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feilong Guo
- The Laboratory of Forestry Genetics, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China;
- The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zilong Shan
- ShiJiaZhuang Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050041, China;
| | - Jinfeng Yu
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China;
| | - Gangbiao Xu
- The Laboratory of Forestry Genetics, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China;
- Correspondence: (G.X.); (Z.Z.); Tel.: +86-0731-85623096 (G.X.); +86-10-82108781 (Z.Z.)
| | - Zengyan Zhang
- The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- Correspondence: (G.X.); (Z.Z.); Tel.: +86-0731-85623096 (G.X.); +86-10-82108781 (Z.Z.)
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Li T, Wang YH, Huang Y, Liu JX, Xing GM, Sun S, Li S, Xu ZS, Xiong AS. A novel plant protein-disulfide isomerase participates in resistance response against the TYLCV in tomato. PLANTA 2020; 252:25. [PMID: 32681182 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-020-03430-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Overexpression or silencing of the SlPDI could increase plants resistance or sensitivity to TYLCV through enhancing or reducing the plant's antioxidant capacity. Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), a plant virus that could infect a variety of crops, is particularly destructive to tomato growth. Protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) is a member of the thioredoxin (Trx) superfamily, is capable of catalyzing the formation and heterogeneity of protein disulfide bonds and inhibiting the aggregation of misfolded proteins. Studies have shown that PDI plays important roles in plant response to abiotic stress, there is no research report on the function of PDI in response to biotic stress, especially TYLCV infection. Here, we identified a tomato PDI gene, SlPDI, was involved in regulating tomato plants resistance to TYLCV. Subcellular localization results showed that SlPDI was located at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and its location remained unchanged after infection with TYLCV virus. Overexpression or silencing of SlPDI could increase plants resistance or sensitivity to TYLCV. Transgenic plants that overexpressing SlPDI exhibit enhanced antioxidant activity evidenced by lower hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) level and higher activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) in comparison with WT plants, after infected by TYLCV. Moreover, the SlPDI-silencing plants showed opposite results. The promoter analyzes result showed that SlPDI was involved in response to salicylic acid (SA), and our experimental results also showed that the expression level of SlPDI was induced by SA. Taken together, our results indicated that SlPDI could regulate plant resistance to TYLCV through enhancing the protein folding function of ER and promoting the synthesis and conformation of antioxidant-related proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in East China, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ya-Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in East China, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ying Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in East China, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jie-Xia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in East China, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Guo-Ming Xing
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Improving Quality and Increase Profits of Protected Vegetables in Shanxi, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Sheng Sun
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Improving Quality and Increase Profits of Protected Vegetables in Shanxi, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Sen Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Improving Quality and Increase Profits of Protected Vegetables in Shanxi, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Zhi-Sheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in East China, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ai-Sheng Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in East China, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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19
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Characterization of the wheat cultivars against Tilletia controversa Kühn, causal agent of wheat dwarf bunt. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9029. [PMID: 32494028 PMCID: PMC7271121 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65748-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Wheat is one of the most important staple crops. Tilletia controversa Kühn is the causal agent of wheat dwarf bunt. In this study, a resistant wheat cultivar displayed significantly higher expression of pathogenesis-related genes than a susceptible cultivar at 7 days post inoculation (DPI) with T. controversa. Similarly, the expression was high in the resistant cultivar after exogenous application of phytohormones, including salicylic acid. The expression of pathogenesis-related genes, especially chitinase 4, was high in the resistant cultivar, while LPT-1 was down regulated after T. controversa infection. Callose deposition was greater in the resistant cultivar than in the susceptible cultivar at 10 DPI. Confocal microscopy was used to track the fungal hyphae in both cultivars in anther and ovary cells. The anthers and ovaries of the susceptible cultivar were infected by T. controversa at 7 and 15 DPI. There were no fungal hyphae in anther and ovary cells in the resistant cultivar until 10 and 23 DPI, respectively. Moreover, anther length and width were negatively influenced by T. controversa at 16 DPI. The plant height was also affected by fungal infection. Ultimately, resistance to T. controversa was achieved in cultivars via the regulation of the expression of defense-related and pathogenesis-related genes.
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Wang K, Gong Q, Ye X. Recent developments and applications of genetic transformation and genome editing technologies in wheat. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2020; 133:1603-1622. [PMID: 31654081 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-019-03464-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Wheat (Triticum aestivum) is a staple crop across the world and plays a remarkable role in food supplying security. Over the past few decades, basic and applied research on wheat has lagged behind other cereal crops due to the complex and polyploid genome and difficulties in genetic transformation. A breakthrough called as PureWheat was made in the genetic transformation of wheat in 2014 in Asia, leading to a noticeable progress of wheat genome editing. Due to this great achievement, it is predicated that wheat biotechnology revolution is arriving. Genome editing technologies using zinc finger nucleases, transcription activator-like effector nuclease, and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-associated endonucleases (CRISR/Cas) are becoming powerful tools for crop modification which can help biologists and biotechnologists better understand the processes of mutagenesis and genomic alteration. Among the three genome editing systems, CRISR/Cas has high specificity and activity, and therefore it is widely used in genetic engineering. Generally, the genome editing technologies depend on an efficient genetic transformation system. In this paper, we summarize recent progresses and applications on genetic transformation and genome editing in wheat. We also examine the future aspects of genetic transformation and genome editing. We believe that the technologies for wheat efficient genetic engineering and functional studies will become routine with the emergence of high-quality genomic sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Wang
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Qiang Gong
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xingguo Ye
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
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Zheng H, Dong L, Han X, Jin H, Yin C, Han Y, Li B, Qin H, Zhang J, Shen Q, Zhang K, Wang D. The TuMYB46L-TuACO3 module regulates ethylene biosynthesis in einkorn wheat defense to powdery mildew. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2020; 225:2526-2541. [PMID: 31675430 PMCID: PMC7065006 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Powdery mildew disease, elicited by the obligate fungal pathogen Blumeria graminis f.sp. tritici (Bgt), causes widespread yield losses in global wheat crop. However, the molecular mechanisms governing wheat defense to Bgt are still not well understood. Here we found that TuACO3, encoding the 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) oxidase functioning in ethylene (ET) biosynthesis, was induced by Bgt infection of the einkorn wheat Triticum urartu, which was accompanied by increased ET content. Silencing TuACO3 decreased ET production and compromised wheat defense to Bgt, whereas both processes were enhanced in the transgenic wheat overexpressing TuACO3. TuMYB46L, phylogenetically related to Arabidopsis MYB transcription factor AtMYB46, was found to bind to the TuACO3 promoter region in yeast-one-hybrid and EMSA experiments. TuMYB46L expression decreased rapidly following Bgt infection. Silencing TuMYB46L promoted ET content and Bgt defense, but the reverse was observed when TuMYB46L was overexpressed. Hence, decreased expression of TuMYB46L permits elevated function of TuACO3 in ET biosynthesis in Bgt-infected wheat. The TuMYB46L-TuACO3 module regulates ET biosynthesis to promote einkorn wheat defense against Bgt. Furthermore, we found four chitinase genes acting downstream of the TuMYB46L-TuACO3 module. Collectively, our data shed a new light on the molecular mechanisms underlying wheat defense to Bgt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyuan Zheng
- College of AgronomyHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou450002China
- The State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome EngineeringInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
| | - Lingli Dong
- The State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome EngineeringInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
| | - Xinyun Han
- The State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome EngineeringInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
| | - Huaibing Jin
- The State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome EngineeringInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
| | - Cuicui Yin
- The State Key Laboratory of Plant GenomicsInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
| | - Yali Han
- The State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome EngineeringInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
| | - Bei Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome EngineeringInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Huanju Qin
- The State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome EngineeringInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
| | - Jinsong Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Plant GenomicsInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Qianhua Shen
- The State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome EngineeringInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Kunpu Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome EngineeringInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
| | - Daowen Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome EngineeringInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
- The State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop ScienceHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou450002China
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22
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Ecotopic Expression of the Antimicrobial Peptide DmAMP1W Improves Resistance of Transgenic Wheat to Two Diseases: Sharp Eyespot and Common Root Rot. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21020647. [PMID: 31963767 PMCID: PMC7014311 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is an important staple crop. Sharp eyespot and common root rot are destructive diseases of wheat. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are small peptides with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. In this study, we synthesized the DmAMP1W gene, encoding Dahlia merckii DmAMP1, and investigated the antifungal role of DmAMP1W in vitro and in transgenic wheat. Protein electrophoresis analysis and in vitro inhibition results demonstrated that the synthesized DmAMP1W correctly translated to the expected peptide DmAMP1W, and the purified peptide inhibited growths of the fungi Rhizoctonia cerealis and Bipolaris sorokiniana, the pathogenic causes of wheat sharp eyespot and common root rot. DmAMP1W was introduced into a wheat variety Zhoumai18 via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The molecular characteristics indicated that DmAMP1W could be heritable and expressed in five transgenic wheat lines in T1–T2 generations. Average sharp eyespot infection types of these five DmAMP1W transgenic wheat lines in T1–T2 generations decreased 0.69–1.54 and 0.40–0.82 compared with non-transformed Zhoumai18, respectively. Average common root rot infection types of these transgenic lines and non-transformed Zhoumai18 were 1.23–1.48 and 2.27, respectively. These results indicated that DmAMP1W-expressing transgenic wheat lines displayed enhanced-resistance to both sharp eyespot and common root rot. This study provides new broad-spectrum antifungal resources for wheat breeding.
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An C, Sheng L, Du X, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Song A, Jiang J, Guan Z, Fang W, Chen F, Chen S. Overexpression of CmMYB15 provides chrysanthemum resistance to aphids by regulating the biosynthesis of lignin. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2019; 6:84. [PMID: 31645945 PMCID: PMC6804602 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-019-0166-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
MYB transcription factors are widely involved in the development of and physiological processes in plants. Here, we isolated the chrysanthemum R2R3-MYB family transcription factor CmMYB15, a homologous gene of AtMYB15. It was demonstrated that CmMYB15 expression was induced by aphids and that CmMYB15 could bind to AC elements, which usually exist in the promoter of lignin biosynthesis genes. Overexpression of CmMYB15 in chrysanthemum enhanced the resistance of aphids. Additionally, the content of lignin and the expression of several lignin biosynthesis genes increased. In summary, the results indicate that CmMYB15 regulates lignin biosynthesis genes that enhance the resistance of chrysanthemum to aphids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong An
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, the Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Liping Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, the Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Xinping Du
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, the Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Yinjie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, the Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Yi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, the Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Aiping Song
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, the Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Jiafu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, the Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Zhiyong Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, the Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Weimin Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, the Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Fadi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, the Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Sumei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, the Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
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24
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Wei X, Xu H, Rong W, Ye X, Zhang Z. Constitutive expression of a stabilized transcription factor group VII ethylene response factor enhances waterlogging tolerance in wheat without penalizing grain yield. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2019; 42:1471-1485. [PMID: 30566765 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Waterlogging causes oxygen deprivation within plant roots and affects crop growth and yield. In crop wheat (Triticum aestivum), molecular responses to waterlogging are poorly understood. Here, we performed a genome-wide analysis of group VII ethylene response factor (ERFVII) genes in hexaploid wheat and identified 25 genes, which were induced by waterlogging with diverse manner. Among them, TaERFVII.1 exhibited differential expression patterns between waterlogging-tolerant wheat Nonglin46 and susceptible wheat Yangmai16 under waterlogging. Constitutive expression of TaERFVII.1 with an MYC-peptide tag at its N terminus in wheat enhanced tolerance to waterlogging as evidenced by increased grain weight per plant, survival rate, and chlorophyll content of leaves and by increased expression of waterlogging-responsive genes, while silencing of TaERFVII.1 compromised the expression of waterlogging-responsive genes. Notably, constitutive expression of the stabilized TaERFVII.1 did not negatively impact both plant development and grain yield under standard conditions. We further demonstrated that constitutive expression of stabilized TaERFVII.1 elevated the transcriptional level of TaSAB18.1, the ortholog of Arabidopsis HRA1 and rice SAB18, consequently reduced the expression of waterlogging-responsive genes under standard conditions. These results suggest that TaERFVII.1 plays an important role in wheat tolerance to waterlogging, and it could be a candidate for improving crop waterlogging tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuening Wei
- The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huijun Xu
- The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Rong
- The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xingguo Ye
- The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zengyan Zhang
- The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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25
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Wheat genome editing expedited by efficient transformation techniques: Progress and perspectives. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cj.2017.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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