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Wang B, Bai X, Yang Y, Cui J, Song L, Liu J, Lu J, Cai J. Prevalence, treatment, and attributed mortality of elevated blood pressure among a nationwide population-based cohort of stroke survivors in China. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:890080. [PMID: 36247443 PMCID: PMC9561361 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.890080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Elevated blood pressure (BP) is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality in stroke survivors. China has the highest prevalence of stroke survivors and accounts for one-third of stroke-related deaths worldwide. We aimed to describe the prevalence and treatment of elevated BP across age, sex, and region, and assess the mortality attributable to elevated BP among stroke survivors in China. Materials and methods Based on 3,820,651 participants aged 35–75 years from all 31 provinces in mainland China recruited from September 2014 to September 2020, we assessed the prevalence and treatment of elevated BP (systolic BP ≥ 140 mmHg or diastolic BP ≥ 90 mmHg) among those with self-reported stroke and stratified by age group, sex, and geographic region. We estimated the age- and sex-specific population attributable fractions of death from elevated BP. Results Among 91,406 stroke survivors, the mean (SD) age was 62 (8) years, and 49.0% were male. The median interquartile range (IQR) stroke duration was 4 (2, 7) years. The prevalence of elevated BP was 61.3% overall, and increased with age (from 47.5% aged 35–44 years to 64.6% aged 65–75 years). The increment of prevalence was larger in female patients than male patients. Elevated BP was more prevalent in northeast (66.8%) and less in south (54.3%) China. Treatment rate among patients with elevated BP was 38.1%, and rates were low across all age groups, sexes, and regions. Elevated BP accounted for 33 and 21% of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality among stroke survivors, respectively. The proportion exceeded 50% for cardiovascular mortality among patients aged 35–54 years. Conclusion In this nationwide cohort of stroke survivors from China, elevated BP and its non-treatment were highly prevalent across all age groups, sexes, and regions. Elevated BP accounted for nearly one-third cardiovascular mortality in stroke survivors, and particularly higher in young and middle-aged patients. National strategies targeting elevated BP are warranted to address the high stroke burden in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, National Health Commission of People’s Republic of China (NHC) Key Laboratory of Clinical Research for Cardiovascular Medications, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Xueke Bai
- National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, National Health Commission of People’s Republic of China (NHC) Key Laboratory of Clinical Research for Cardiovascular Medications, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Yang
- National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, National Health Commission of People’s Republic of China (NHC) Key Laboratory of Clinical Research for Cardiovascular Medications, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jianlan Cui
- National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, National Health Commission of People’s Republic of China (NHC) Key Laboratory of Clinical Research for Cardiovascular Medications, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Lijuan Song
- National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, National Health Commission of People’s Republic of China (NHC) Key Laboratory of Clinical Research for Cardiovascular Medications, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jiamin Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, National Health Commission of People’s Republic of China (NHC) Key Laboratory of Clinical Research for Cardiovascular Medications, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jiapeng Lu
- National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, National Health Commission of People’s Republic of China (NHC) Key Laboratory of Clinical Research for Cardiovascular Medications, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Jiapeng Lu,
| | - Jun Cai
- Hypertension Center, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Fuwai Hospital, Beijing, China
- Jun Cai,
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Liu XL, Liu SY, Barret O, Tamagnan GD, Qiao HW, Song TB, Lu J, Chan P. Diagnostic value of striatal 18F-FP-DTBZ PET in Parkinson’s disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:931015. [PMID: 35936768 PMCID: PMC9355024 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.931015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background18F-FP-DTBZ has been proven as a biomarker for quantifying the concentration of presynaptic vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2). However, its clinical application is still limited.ObjectivesTo evaluate the difference in dopaminergic integrity between patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) and healthy controls (HC) using 18F-FP-DTBZ PET in vivo and to determine the diagnostic value of standardized uptake value ratios (SUVRs) using the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve.MethodsA total of 34 PD and 31 HC participants were enrolled in the PET/MR derivation cohort, while 89 PD and 18 HC participants were recruited in the PET/CT validation cohort. The Hoehn–Yahr Scale and the third part of the MDS-Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (MDSUPDRS-III) were used to evaluate the disease staging and severity. All assessments and PET scanning were performed in drug-off states. The striatum was segmented into five subregions as follows: caudate, anterior dorsal putamen (ADP), anterior ventral putamen (AVP), posterior dorsal putamen (PDP), and posterior ventral putamen (PVP) using automatic pipeline built with the PMOD software (version 4.105). The SUVRs of the targeted subregions were calculated using the bilateral occipital cortex as the reference region.ResultsRegarding the diagnostic value, ROC curve and blind validation showed that the contralateral PDP (SUVR = 3.43) had the best diagnostic accuracy (AUC = 0.973; P < 0.05), with a sensitivity of 97.1% (95% CI: 82.9–99.8%), specificity of 100% (95% CI: 86.3–100%), positive predictive value (PPV) of 100% (95% CI: 87.0–100%), negative predictive value (NPV) of 96.9% (95% CI: 82.0–99.8%), and an accuracy of 98.5% for the diagnosis of PD in the derivation cohort. Blind validation of 18F-FP-DTBZ PET imaging diagnosis was done using the PET/CT cohort, where participants with a SUVR of the PDP <3.43 were defined as PD. Kappa test showed a consistency of 0.933 (P < 0.05) between clinical diagnosis and imaging diagnosis, with a sensitivity of 98.9% (95% CI: 93.0–99.9%), specificity of 94.4% (95% CI: 70.6–99.7%), PPV of 98.9% (95% CI: 93.0–99.9%), NPV of 94.4% (95% CI: 70.6–99.7%), and a diagnostic accuracy of 98.1%.ConclusionsOur results showed that an SUVR threshold of 3.43 in the PDP could effectively distinguish patients with PD from HC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Lin Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shu-Ying Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research (CIBR), Beijing, China
- Shu-Ying Liu,
| | - Olivier Barret
- CEA, CNRS, MIRCen, Laboratoire des Maladies Neurodégénératives, Université Paris-Saclay, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Gilles D. Tamagnan
- Mental Health PET Radioligand Development (MHPRD) Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Hong-Wen Qiao
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tian-Bin Song
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Lu
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Piu Chan
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Piu Chan,
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Zhang X, Ding Z, Ma G, Wei W. A High-Resolution Ternary Model Demonstrates How PEGylated 2D Nanomaterial Stimulates Integrin α v β 8 on Cell Membrane. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2021; 8:e2004506. [PMID: 34105291 PMCID: PMC8188183 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202004506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bio-nano interfaces are integral to all applications of nanomaterials in biomedicine. In addition to peptide-ligand-functionalized nanomaterials, passivation on 2D nanomaterials has emerged as a new regulatory factor for integrin activation. However, the mechanisms underlying such ligand-independent processes are poorly understood. Here, using graphene oxide passivated with polyethylene glycol (GO-PEG) as a test bed, a ternary simulation model is constructed that also includes a membrane and both subunits of integrin αv β8 to characterize GO-PEG-mediated integrin activation on the cell membrane in a ligand-independent manner. Combined with the experimental findings, production simulations of the ternary model show a three-phase mechanotransduction process in the vertical interaction mode. Specifically, GO-PEG first induces lipid aggregation-mediated integrin proximity, followed by transmembrane domain rotation and separation, leading to the extension and activation of extracellular domains. Thus, this study presents a complete picture of the interaction between passivated 2D nanomaterials and cell membranes to mediate integrin activation, and provides insights into the potential de novo design and rational use of novel desirable nanomaterials at diverse bio-nano interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical EngineeringInstitute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of SciencesNo. 1 Bei‐Er‐Tiao, Zhong‐Guan‐Cun, Haidian DistrictBeijing100190P. R. China
| | - Zhaowen Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical EngineeringInstitute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of SciencesNo. 1 Bei‐Er‐Tiao, Zhong‐Guan‐Cun, Haidian DistrictBeijing100190P. R. China
| | - Guanghui Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical EngineeringInstitute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of SciencesNo. 1 Bei‐Er‐Tiao, Zhong‐Guan‐Cun, Haidian DistrictBeijing100190P. R. China
- School of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesNo. 19A Yuquan RoadBeijing100049P. R. China
| | - Wei Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical EngineeringInstitute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of SciencesNo. 1 Bei‐Er‐Tiao, Zhong‐Guan‐Cun, Haidian DistrictBeijing100190P. R. China
- School of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesNo. 19A Yuquan RoadBeijing100049P. R. China
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Ao Y, Yang C, Wang S, Hu Q, Yi L, Zhang J, Yu Z, Cai M, Yu C. Characteristics and nutrient function of intestinal bacterial communities in black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens L.) larvae in livestock manure conversion. Microb Biotechnol 2021; 14:886-896. [PMID: 32449587 PMCID: PMC8085981 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The potential utility of black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) to convert animal waste into harvested protein or lipid sources for feeding animal or producing biodiesel provides a new strategy for agricultural waste management. In this study, the taxonomic structure and potential metabolic and nutrient functions of the intestinal bacterial communities of BSFL were investigated in chicken and swine manure conversion systems. Proteobacteria, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were the dominant phyla in the BSFL gut in both the swine and chicken manure systems. After the larvae were fed manure, the proportion of Proteobacteria in their gut significantly decreased, while that of Bacteroidetes remarkably increased. Compared with the original intestinal bacterial community, approximately 90 and 109 new genera were observed in the BSFL gut during chicken and swine manure conversion, and at least half of the initial intestinal genera found remained in the gut during manure conversion. This result may be due to the presence of specialized crypts or paunches that promote microbial persistence and bacteria-host interactions. Ten core genera were found in all 21 samples, and the top three phyla among all of the communities in terms of relative abundance were Proteobacteria, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. The nutrient elements (OM, TN, TP, TK and CF) of manure may partly affect the succession of gut bacterial communities with one another, while TN and CF are strongly positively correlated with the relative abundance of Providencia. Some bacterial taxa with the reported ability to synthesize amino acids, Rhizobiales, Burkholderia, Bacteroidales, etc., were also observed in the BSFL gut. Functional analysis based on genes showed that intestinal microbes potentially contribute to the nutrition of BSFL and the high-level amino acid metabolism may partly explain the biological mechanisms of protein accumulation in the BSFL body. These results are helpful in understanding the biological mechanisms of high-efficiency nutrient conversion in BSFL associated with intestinal microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Ao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme EngineeringSchool of Life SciencesHubei Engineering Research Center for Bio‐enzyme CatalysisHubei UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Chongrui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural MicrobiologyCollege of Life Science and TechnologyNational Engineering Research Centre of Microbial PesticidesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Shengchen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme EngineeringSchool of Life SciencesHubei Engineering Research Center for Bio‐enzyme CatalysisHubei UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Qingyi Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme EngineeringSchool of Life SciencesHubei Engineering Research Center for Bio‐enzyme CatalysisHubei UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Li Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme EngineeringSchool of Life SciencesHubei Engineering Research Center for Bio‐enzyme CatalysisHubei UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Jibin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural MicrobiologyCollege of Life Science and TechnologyNational Engineering Research Centre of Microbial PesticidesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Ziniu Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural MicrobiologyCollege of Life Science and TechnologyNational Engineering Research Centre of Microbial PesticidesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Minmin Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural MicrobiologyCollege of Life Science and TechnologyNational Engineering Research Centre of Microbial PesticidesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Chan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme EngineeringSchool of Life SciencesHubei Engineering Research Center for Bio‐enzyme CatalysisHubei UniversityWuhanChina
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Wang C, Zhang Y, Zhang B, Wang B, Zhang J, Chen L, Zhang Q, Wang ZL, Ren K. Flexophotovoltaic Effect in Potassium Sodium Niobate/Poly(Vinylidene Fluoride-Trifluoroethylene) Nanocomposite. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2021; 8:2004554. [PMID: 33898200 PMCID: PMC8061384 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202004554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Flexoelectricity is an electromechanical coupling effect in which electric polarization is generated by a strain gradient. In this investigation, a potassium sodium niobite/poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) (KNN/PVDF-TrFE)-based nanocomposite is fabricated, and the flexoelectric effect is used to enhance the photovoltaic current (I pv) in the nanocomposite. It is found that both a pyroelectric current and photovoltaic current can be generated simultaneously in a light illumination process. However, the photovoltaic current (I pv) in this process contributes ≈85% of the total current. When assessing the effect of flexoelectricity with a curvature of 1/20, the I pv of the curved KNN/PVDF-TrFE (20%) (K/P-20) composite increased by ≈13.9% compared to that of the flat K/P-20 nanocomposite. Similarly, at a curvature of 1/20, the I pv of the K/P-20 nanocomposite is 71.6% higher than that of the PVDF-TrFE film. However, the photovoltaic effect induced by flexoelectricity is much higher than the increased polarization from flexoelectricity, so this effect is called as the flexophotovoltaic effect. Furthermore, the calculated energy conversion efficiency of the K/P-20 film is 0.017%, which is comparable to the previous research result. This investigation shows great promise for PVDF-based nanocomposites in ferroelectric memory device applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenchen Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro‐nano Energy and Sensor; CAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceBeijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing101400P. R. China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Institute of SemiconductorsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100083P.R. China
| | - Bowen Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro‐nano Energy and Sensor; CAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceBeijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing101400P. R. China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802USA
| | - Jinxi Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro‐nano Energy and Sensor; CAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceBeijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing101400P. R. China
| | - Long‐Qing Chen
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802USA
| | - Qiming Zhang
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Materials Research InstitutePennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802USA
| | - Zhong Lin Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro‐nano Energy and Sensor; CAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceBeijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing101400P. R. China
- School of Material Science and EngineeringGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA30332USA
| | - Kailiang Ren
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro‐nano Energy and Sensor; CAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceBeijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing101400P. R. China
- School of Physical Science and TechnologyGuangxi UniversityNanningGuangxi530004P.R. China
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Abstract
Photocatalysis is one potential solution to the energy and environmental crisis and greatly relies on the development of the catalysts. Niobium pentoxide (Nb2O5), a typically nontoxic metal oxide, is eco-friendly and exhibits strong oxidation ability, and has attracted considerable attention from researchers. Furthermore, unique Lewis acid sites (LASs) and Brønsted acid sites (BASs) are observed on Nb2O5 prepared by different methods. Herein, the recent advances in the synthesis and application of Nb2O5-based photocatalysts, including the pure Nb2O5, doped Nb2O5, metal species supported on Nb2O5, and other composited Nb2O5 catalysts, are summarized. An overview is provided for the role of size and crystalline phase, unsaturated Nb sites and oxygen vacancies, LASs and BASs, dopants and surface metal species, and heterojunction structure on the Nb2O5-based catalysts in photocatalysis. Finally, the challenges are also presented, which are possibly overcome by integrating the synthetic methodology, developing novel photoelectric characterization techniques, and a profound understanding of the local structure of Nb2O5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyi Su
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis (SKLC)Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy (DNL)Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics (DICP)Chinese Academy of SciencesDalian116023China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Huifang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis (SKLC)Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy (DNL)Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics (DICP)Chinese Academy of SciencesDalian116023China
| | - Zhuyan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis (SKLC)Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy (DNL)Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics (DICP)Chinese Academy of SciencesDalian116023China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Paolo Fornasiero
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical SciencesINSTM ‐ Trieste and ICCOM ‐ CNR TriesteUniversity of TriesteVia L. Giorgieri 1Trieste34127Italy
| | - Feng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis (SKLC)Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy (DNL)Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics (DICP)Chinese Academy of SciencesDalian116023China
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Zhao J, Ma Z, Chen F, Li L, Ren M, Li A, Jing B, Li H. Human immune deficiency virus-related structural alterations in the brain are dependent on age. Hum Brain Mapp 2021; 42:3131-3140. [PMID: 33755269 PMCID: PMC8193536 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, it is still unknown whether human immune deficiency virus (HIV)‐related structural alterations in the brain are dependent on age. With people living with HIV at different ages, we aim to investigate age‐specific structural alterations in HIV patients. Eighty‐three male HIV patients and eighty‐three age‐matched male controls were enrolled, and high‐resolution T1 weighted images were collected and analyzed with four morphological metrics. Then, statistical analyses were respectively conducted to ascertain HIV effects, age effects, and medication effects in brain structure of HIV patients, and the relationship with neuropsychological evaluations were further explored. Finally, discriminative performances of these structural abnormalities were quantitatively testified with three machine learning models. Compared with healthy controls, HIV patients displayed lower gray matter volumes (GMV), lower gyrification index, deeper sulcus depth, and larger cortical thickness (CTH). Age‐specific differences were found in GMV and CTH: young‐aged HIV patients displayed more obvious morphological alterations than middle‐aged HIV patients when comparing corresponding age‐matched healthy controls. Furthermore, age‐specific long‐term medication effect of combination antiretroviral therapy were also presented. Additionally, several subcortical structural changes were negatively associated with language, attention and motor functions. Finally, three machine learning models demonstrated young‐aged HIV patients were easier to be recognized than middle‐aged HIV patients. Our study indicated young‐aged HIV patients were more vulnerable to HIV infection in brain structure than middle‐aged patients, and future studies should not ignore the age effect in studying the HIV‐related abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- School of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijingChina
- Department of RadiologyBeijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Zhe Ma
- Department of RadiologyHenan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
- School of Biomedical EngineeringCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of RadiologyBeijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Li Li
- Department of RadiologyBeijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Meiji Ren
- Department of RadiologyBeijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Aixin Li
- Center for Infectious DiseasesBeijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Bin Jing
- School of Biomedical EngineeringCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Hongjun Li
- School of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijingChina
- Department of RadiologyBeijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
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Hu A, Duan Y, Xu L, Chang S, Chen X, Hou F. Litter decomposes slowly on shaded steep slope and sunny gentle slope in a typical steppe ecoregion. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:2461-2470. [PMID: 33767814 PMCID: PMC7981220 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant litter decomposition is mainly affected by litter properties and environmental factors, but the influence of terrain on litter decomposition is not well understood. We studied the effects of terrain on litter decomposition over a period of 12 months at six locations in a typical steppe ecoregion and measured the concomitant release of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P). The study site has two aspects, shaded and sunny, each aspect having three slopes: 15°, 30°, and 45°. The same mixed litter was used at each location to exclude the influence of litter quality variation. Results showed that soil temperature and moisture, solar radiation, and plant species diversity varied by terrain, which in turn, affected the k-value (standardized total effects, 0.78, 0.12, 0.92, 0.23, respectively) and the release of C (0.72, -0.25, 0.83, 0.24, respectively), N (0.89, -0.45, 0.76, 0.40, respectively) and P (0.88, 0.77, 0.58, 0.57, respectively). K-value and C release decreased with increasing slope on shaded aspect, while increased with increasing slope on sunny aspect. The release of N and P decreased with increasing slope on the shaded aspect. K-value and C, N, and P release were significantly higher on shaded than that on sunny aspect at 15° and 30°, while at 45°, it was higher on sunny than on shaded aspect. The litter mass loss was slower on shaded 45° and sunny 15°. So moderate grazing or mowing could be used to reduce litter accumulation and accelerate litter decomposition on these terrains. Structural equation modeling indicated that soil temperature and solar radiation had the greatest influence on k-value and C, N, and P release, and these two factors were directly related to soil moisture and plant species diversity. Overall, our results emphasize the need to consider terrain for litter decomposition in typical steppe ecoregions.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro‐EcosystemsKey Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry InnovationMinistry of AgricultureLanzhouChina
- College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and TechnologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
| | - Yaning Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro‐EcosystemsKey Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry InnovationMinistry of AgricultureLanzhouChina
- College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and TechnologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
| | - Lei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro‐EcosystemsKey Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry InnovationMinistry of AgricultureLanzhouChina
- College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and TechnologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
| | - Shenghua Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro‐EcosystemsKey Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry InnovationMinistry of AgricultureLanzhouChina
- College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and TechnologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
| | - Xianjiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro‐EcosystemsKey Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry InnovationMinistry of AgricultureLanzhouChina
- College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and TechnologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
| | - Fujiang Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro‐EcosystemsKey Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry InnovationMinistry of AgricultureLanzhouChina
- College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and TechnologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
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Xu S, Wang L, Liu Z. Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Nanoparticles: An Emerging Versatile Platform for Cancer Therapy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:3858-3869. [PMID: 32789971 PMCID: PMC7894159 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202005309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are chemically synthesized affinity materials with tailor-made binding cavities complementary to the template molecules in shape, size, and functionality. Recently, engineering MIP-based nanomedicines to improve cancer therapy has become a rapidly growing field and future research direction. Because of the unique properties and functions of MIPs, MIP-based nanoparticles (nanoMIPs) are not only alternatives to current nanomaterials for cancer therapy, but also hold the potential to fill gaps associated with biological ligand-based nanomedicines, such as immunogenicity, stability, applicability, and economic viability. Here, we survey recent advances in the design and fabrication of nanoMIPs for cancer therapy and highlight their distinct features. In addition, how to use these features to achieve desired performance, including extended circulation, active targeting, controlled drug release and anti-tumor efficacy, is discussed and summarized. We expect that this minireview will inspire more advanced studies in MIP-based nanomedicines for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life ScienceSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing University163 Xianlin AvenueNanjing210023China
| | - Lisheng Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and ImmunologyFaculty of MedicineUniversity of Ottawa451 Smyth RoadOttawaOntarioK1H 8M5Canada
| | - Zhen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life ScienceSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing University163 Xianlin AvenueNanjing210023China
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10
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Gu Z, Dong Y, Xu S, Wang L, Liu Z. Molecularly Imprinted Polymer-Based Smart Prodrug Delivery System for Specific Targeting, Prolonged Retention, and Tumor Microenvironment-Triggered Release. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:2663-2667. [PMID: 33078504 PMCID: PMC7898932 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202012956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Prodrug and drug delivery systems are two effective strategies for improving the selectivity of chemotherapeutics. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have emerged as promising carriers in targeted drug delivery for cancer treatment, but they have not yet been integrated with the prodrug strategy. Reported here is an MIP-based smart prodrug delivery system for specific targeting, prolonged retention time, and tumor microenvironment-triggered release. 5'-Deoxy-5-fluorocytidine (DFCR) and sialic acid (SA) were used as a prodrug and a marker for tumor targeting, respectively. Their co-imprinted nanoparticles were prepared as a smart carrier. Prodrug-loaded MIP specifically and sustainably accumulated at the tumor site and then gradually released. Unlike conventional prodrug designs, which often require in-liver bioconversion, this MIP-based prodrug delivery is liver-independent but tumor-dependent. Thus, this study opens new access to the development of smart prodrug delivery nanoplatforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zikuan Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life ScienceSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing University163 Xianlin AvenueNanjing210023China
| | - Yueru Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life ScienceSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing University163 Xianlin AvenueNanjing210023China
| | - Shuxin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life ScienceSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing University163 Xianlin AvenueNanjing210023China
| | - Lisheng Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and ImmunologyFaculty of MedicineUniversity of Ottawa451 Smyth RoadOttawaOntarioK1H 8M5Canada
| | - Zhen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life ScienceSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing University163 Xianlin AvenueNanjing210023China
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11
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Zhou X, Liu Q, Yuan W, Li Z, Xu Y, Feng W, Xu C, Li F. Ultrabright NIR-II Emissive Polymer Dots for Metastatic Ovarian Cancer Detection. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2021; 8:2000441. [PMID: 33643783 PMCID: PMC7887585 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202000441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Intraoperative diagnosis of metastatic tumors is of significant importance to the treatment of ovarian cancer. NIR-II fluorescence imaging holds great promise for facile detection of tumor in situ with high sensitivity and resolution. Herein, a kind of NIR-II fluorescent polymer dots (NIR-II Pdots) with high brightness is developed for real-time detection of metastatic ovarian cancer via NIR-II fluorescence imaging. The NIR-II Pdots are constructed via the self-assembly of NIR-II emissive aggregation induced emission luminogens (NIR-II AIEgens) and poly (styrene)-graft-poly(ethylene glycol) in water. Such NIR-II Pdots show very high fluorophore contents of nearly 30% and high quantum yield of 5.4% at emission maximum near 1020 nm. Further modification of the NIR-II Pdots with targeting peptides yields NIR-II Pdots-GnRH, which can afford enhanced affinity of NIR-II Pdots to ovarian cancer. Upon intravenous injection of the NIR-II Pdots, whole-body organs and vessels, peritoneal and lymphatic metastases of ovarian cancer are clearly visualized by NIR-II fluorescence imaging. Under the guidance of NIR-II fluorescence imaging, the metastatic foci with the diameter down to ≈2 mm can be facilely eliminated. The results indicate preclinical potential value of the NIR-II Pdots for metastatic ovarian cancer detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Zhou
- Department of Chemistry & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers & Institute of Biomedicine ScienceFudan UniversityShanghai200433China
| | - Qiyu Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Shanghai Medical School & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases & Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan UniversityFudan University ShanghaiShanghai200011China
| | - Wei Yuan
- Department of Chemistry & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers & Institute of Biomedicine ScienceFudan UniversityShanghai200433China
| | - Zhenhua Li
- Department of Chemistry & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers & Institute of Biomedicine ScienceFudan UniversityShanghai200433China
| | - Yuliang Xu
- Department of Chemistry & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers & Institute of Biomedicine ScienceFudan UniversityShanghai200433China
| | - Wei Feng
- Department of Chemistry & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers & Institute of Biomedicine ScienceFudan UniversityShanghai200433China
| | - Congjian Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Shanghai Medical School & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases & Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan UniversityFudan University ShanghaiShanghai200011China
| | - Fuyou Li
- Department of Chemistry & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers & Institute of Biomedicine ScienceFudan UniversityShanghai200433China
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Liu P, Jia X, Chen Y, Yu Y, Zhang K, Lin Y, Wang B, Peng G. Gut microbiota interacts with intrinsic brain activity of patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment. CNS Neurosci Ther 2021; 27:163-173. [PMID: 32929861 PMCID: PMC7816203 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS To explore the potential relationships among gut microbiota (GM), local brain spontaneous activity, and neuropsychological characteristics in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) patients. METHODS Twenty aMCI and 22 healthy control (HC) subjects were recruited. The GM composition was determined by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans were performed, and fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF) was calculated across different frequencies. The Spearman or Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between spontaneous brain activity and cognitive function, and GM composition. RESULTS aMCI patients had altered GM state and local spontaneous brain activity as compared with HC subjects. Correlation analysis showed that aMCI and HC groups had different "GM-intrinsic brain activity interaction" patterns. In aMCI group, at the typical band (0.01-0.08 Hz), the relative abundance (RA) of Bacteroides from phylum to genus level was negatively correlated with fALFF value of cerebellar vermis IV-V, and the Ruminococcaceae RA was negatively correlated with fALFF values of left lenticular nucleus and pallidum. The Clostridiaceae RA and Blautia RA were positively correlated with the left cerebellum lobules IV-V at the slow-4 band (0.027-0.073 Hz). The Veillonellaceae RA was positively correlated with fALFF values of left precentral gyrus at the slow-5 band (0.073-0.08 Hz). Correlation analysis showed that Clostridium members (Lachnospiraceae and Blautia) were positively, while Veillonellaceae was negatively, correlated with cognition test. Bacteroides was positively correlated with attention and computation, and negatively correlated with the three-stage command score. CONCLUSIONS aMCI patients have a specific GM-intrinsic brain activity-cognitive function interaction pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Liu
- Department of NeurologyCollege of MedicineThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Xi‐Ze Jia
- Center for Cognition and Brain DisordersHangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of NeurologyCollege of MedicineThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of NeurologyCollege of MedicineThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Kan Zhang
- Department of NeurologyCollege of MedicineThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Ya‐Jie Lin
- Department of NeurologyCollege of MedicineThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Bao‐Hong Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesState Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesCollege of MedicineThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Guo‐Ping Peng
- Department of NeurologyCollege of MedicineThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
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Ta S, Rong X, Guo Z, Jin H, Zhang P, Li F, Li Z, Lin L, Zheng C, Gu Q, Zhang Y, Liu W, Yang Y, Chang J. Variants of WNT7A and GPR124 are associated with hemorrhagic transformation following intravenous thrombolysis in ischemic stroke. CNS Neurosci Ther 2021; 27:71-81. [PMID: 32991049 PMCID: PMC7804912 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS The canonical Wnt signaling pathway plays an essential role in blood-brain barrier integrity and intracerebral hemorrhage in preclinical stroke models. Here, we sought to explore the association between canonical Wnt signaling and hemorrhagic transformation (HT) following intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients as well as to determine the underlying cellular mechanisms. METHODS 355 consecutive AIS patients receiving IVT were included. Blood samples were collected on admission, and HT was detected at 24 hours after IVT. 117 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of 28 Wnt signaling genes and exon sequences of 4 core cerebrovascular Wnt signaling components (GPR124, RECK, FZD4, and CTNNB1) were determined using a customized sequencing chip. The impact of identified genetic variants was further studied in HEK 293T cells using cellular and biochemical assays. RESULTS During the study period, 80 patients experienced HT with 27 parenchymal hematoma (PH). Compared to the non-PH patients, WNT7A SNPs (rs2163910, P = .001, OR 2.727; rs1124480, P = .002, OR 2.404) and GPR124 SNPs (rs61738775, P = .012, OR 4.883; rs146016051, P < .001, OR 7.607; rs75336000, P = .044, OR 2.503) were selectively enriched in the PH patients. Interestingly, a missense variant of GPR124 (rs75336000, c.3587G>A) identified in the PH patients resulted in a single amino acid alteration (p.Cys1196Tyr) in the intracellular domain of GPR124. This variant substantially reduced the activity of WNT7B-induced canonical Wnt signaling by decreasing the ability of GPR124 to recruit cytoplasmic DVL1 to the cellular membrane. CONCLUSION Variants of WNT7A and GPR124 are associated with increased risk of PH in patients with AIS after intravenous thrombolysis, likely through regulating the activity of canonical Wnt signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Ta
- Department of NeurologyThe First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials and Cellular Immunomodulation, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenChina
| | - Xianfang Rong
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials and Cellular Immunomodulation, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenChina
| | - Zhen‐Ni Guo
- Department of NeurologyThe First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Hang Jin
- Department of NeurologyThe First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of NeurologyThe First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Fenge Li
- Department of NeurologyThe First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Zhihuan Li
- Dongguan Enlife Stem Cell Biotechnology InstituteDongguanChina
| | - Lilong Lin
- Dongguan Enlife Stem Cell Biotechnology InstituteDongguanChina
| | | | - Qingquan Gu
- Shenzhen RealOmics Biotech Co., Ltd.ShenzhenChina
| | - Yuan Zhang
- The Central Laboratory, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen University 1st Affiliated HospitalShenzhen University School of MedicineShenzhenChina
| | - Wenlan Liu
- The Central Laboratory, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen University 1st Affiliated HospitalShenzhen University School of MedicineShenzhenChina
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of NeurologyThe First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Junlei Chang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials and Cellular Immunomodulation, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenChina
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Yan Z, Zhang Q, Zhang N, Li W, Chang C, Xiang Y, Xia C, Jiang T, He W, Luo J, Xu Y. Repellency of forty-one aromatic plant species to the Asian citrus psyllid, vector of the bacterium associated with huanglongbing. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:12940-12948. [PMID: 33304506 PMCID: PMC7713936 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Huanglongbing (HLB) is the most devastating citrus disease worldwide. The organism associated with the disease is spread by an insect vector, Diaphorina citri, commonly known as Asian citrus psyllid (ACP). Current management of HLB relies either on physical removal of the infected plants or on chemical control of ACP. Both methods are costly and not overly effective. In addition, public concerns regarding insecticide residues in fruit have greatly increased in recent years. It has been hypothesized that plant volatiles could act as repellents to ACP, thus reduce the incidence of HLB. To test this hypothesis, the repellency of fresh tissues of 41 aromatic plant species to ACP was investigated. The repellency of individual species was determined using a Y-tube olfactometer. Our results showed that volatiles of five plant species were highly effective in repelling ACP with repellency as much as 76%. Among these, the tree species, Camptotheca acuminate, and the two shrubs, Lantana camara and Mimosa bimucronata, could potentially be planted as a landscape barrier. The two herbs, Capsicum annuum and Gynura bicolor, could potentially be used as interplantings in orchards. This is the first time that the repellency of fresh tissues from a diverse range of plant species to ACP has been determined. Although further field evaluation of various interplanting regimes and landscape barriers are needed to assess their effectiveness, our results showed that these aromatic species, being highly repellent to ACP, offer great potential as more cost-effective and environmentally sustainable alternatives to the current methods of managing HLB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaogui Yan
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences/Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Forestry InformationHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
- School of Environmental & Rural ScienceThe University of New EnglandArmidaleNSWAustralia
| | - Qun Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences/Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Forestry InformationHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Nan Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences/Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Forestry InformationHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Wan Li
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences/Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Forestry InformationHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Cuiying Chang
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences/Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Forestry InformationHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Yan Xiang
- Ganzhou Citrus Science Research InstituteGanzhouChina
| | - Changxiu Xia
- Ganzhou Citrus Science Research InstituteGanzhouChina
| | - Tengyu Jiang
- Zhongnan Institute of SurveyMinistry of Forestry and GrassChangshaChina
| | - Wei He
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences/Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Forestry InformationHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Jie Luo
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences/Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Forestry InformationHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Yongrong Xu
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences/Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Forestry InformationHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
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15
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Cong Q, Guo X, Liu C, Zhong F, Li J, Sui L. Alteration of gene expression related to vulvar smooth muscle, extracellular matrix and innervation in vulvar lichen sclerosus: A pilot study. Health Sci Rep 2020; 3:e208. [PMID: 33313423 PMCID: PMC7695304 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Cong
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, School of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related DiseasesShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Medical Center of Key Programs for Female Reproductive DiseasesShanghaiChina
| | - Xiao Guo
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, School of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Cenxi Liu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, School of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Fangfang Zhong
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, School of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related DiseasesShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Medical Center of Key Programs for Female Reproductive DiseasesShanghaiChina
| | - Jin Li
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, School of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Long Sui
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, School of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related DiseasesShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Medical Center of Key Programs for Female Reproductive DiseasesShanghaiChina
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16
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Huang L, Li Q, Zhang C, Chu R, Gu Z, Tan H, Zhao D, Fan X, Liu Q. Creating novel Wx alleles with fine-tuned amylose levels and improved grain quality in rice by promoter editing using CRISPR/Cas9 system. Plant Biotechnol J 2020; 18:2164-2166. [PMID: 32339389 PMCID: PMC7589223 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lichun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular BreedingCollege of AgricultureYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Qianfeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular BreedingCollege of AgricultureYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
- Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu ProvinceYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Changquan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular BreedingCollege of AgricultureYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
- Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu ProvinceYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Rui Chu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular BreedingCollege of AgricultureYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Zhengwen Gu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular BreedingCollege of AgricultureYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Hongyan Tan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular BreedingCollege of AgricultureYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Dongsheng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular BreedingCollege of AgricultureYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
- Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu ProvinceYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Xiaolei Fan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular BreedingCollege of AgricultureYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
- Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu ProvinceYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Qiaoquan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular BreedingCollege of AgricultureYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
- Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu ProvinceYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
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17
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Li M, Wang H, Liao H, Shen J, Wu Y, Wu Y, Weng Q, Zhu C, Geng X, Lan F, Xia Y, Zhang B, Zou H, Zhang N, Zhou Y, Chen Z, Shen H, Ying S, Li W. SETD8C302R Mutation Revealed from Myofibroblastoma-Discordant Monozygotic Twins Leads to p53/p21 Deficit and WEE1 Inhibitor Sensitivity. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2020; 7:2001041. [PMID: 33042742 PMCID: PMC7539211 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202001041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
High-throughput gene sequencing has identified various genetic variants as the culprits for some common hereditary cancers. However, the heritability of a substantial proportion of cancers remains unexplained, which may result from rare deleterious mutations hidden in a myriad of nonsense genetic variations. This poses a great challenge to the understanding of the pathology and thus the rational design of effective treatments for affected patients. Here, whole genome sequencing is employed in a representative case in which one monozygotic twin is discordant for lung inflammatory myofibroblastoma to disclose rare tumor-related mutations. A missense single nucleotide variation rs61955126 T>C in the lysine methyltransferase SETD8 (accession: NM_020382, SETD8C302R ) is exposed. It is shown that SETD8 is vital for genomic integrity by promoting faithful DNA replication, and its C302R mutation downregulates the p53/p21 pathway. Importantly, the SETD8C302R mutation significantly increases the sensitivity of cancer cells to WEE1 inhibition. Given that WEE1 inhibitors have shown great promise for clinical approval, these results impart a potential therapeutic approach using WEE1 inhibitor for cancer patients carrying the same mutation, and indicate that genome sequencing and genetic functional studies can be integrated into individualized therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Li
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Zhejiang Province, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineSecond Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang310009China
| | - Hongwu Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineEmergency General HospitalBeijing100028China
| | - Hongwei Liao
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Zhejiang Province, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineSecond Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang310009China
| | - Jiaxin Shen
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Zhejiang Province, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineSecond Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang310009China
| | - Yinfang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Zhejiang Province, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineSecond Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang310009China
| | - Yanping Wu
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Zhejiang Province, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineSecond Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang310009China
| | - Qingyu Weng
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Zhejiang Province, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineSecond Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang310009China
| | - Chen Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Zhejiang Province, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineSecond Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang310009China
| | - Xinwei Geng
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Zhejiang Province, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineSecond Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang310009China
| | - Fen Lan
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Zhejiang Province, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineSecond Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang310009China
| | - Yang Xia
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Zhejiang Province, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineSecond Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang310009China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Zhejiang Province, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineSecond Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang310009China
| | - Hang Zou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineEmergency General HospitalBeijing100028China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineEmergency General HospitalBeijing100028China
| | - Yunzhi Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineEmergency General HospitalBeijing100028China
| | - Zhihua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Zhejiang Province, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineSecond Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang310009China
| | - Huahao Shen
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Zhejiang Province, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineSecond Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang310009China
| | - Songmin Ying
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Zhejiang Province, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineSecond Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang310009China
| | - Wen Li
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Zhejiang Province, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineSecond Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang310009China
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Lin J, Chen G, Liao Y, Hsu T, Chen W, Hung K, Huang T, Lee J, Remes Z, Hsu H. Manipulated Optical Absorption and Accompanied Photocurrent Using Magnetic Field in Charger Transfer Engineered C/ZnO Nanowires. Glob Chall 2020; 4:2000025. [PMID: 33033627 PMCID: PMC7533846 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202000025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The rarely explored, spin-polarized band engineering, enables direct dynamic control of the magneto-optical absorption (MOA) and associated magneto-photocurrent (MPC) by a magnetic field, greatly enhancing the range of applicability of photosensitive semiconductor materials. It is demonstrated that large negative and positive MOA and MPC effects can be tuned alternately in amorphous carbon ( a-C )/ZnO nanowires by controlling the sp2/sp3 ratio of a-C . A sizeable enhancement of the MPC ratio (≈15%) appears at a relatively low magnetic field (≈0.2 T). Simulated two peaks spin-polarized density of states is applied to explain that the alternate sign switching of the MOA is mainly related to the charge transfer between ZnO and C. The results indicate that the enhanced magnetic field performance of ( a-C )/ZnO nanowires may have applications in renewable energy-related fields and tunable magneto-photonics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun‐Xiao Lin
- Department of Applied PhysicsNational Pingtung UniversityNo. 4–18 Minsheng Rd.Pingtung90044Taiwan
| | - Guan‐Xun Chen
- Department of Applied PhysicsNational Pingtung UniversityNo. 4–18 Minsheng Rd.Pingtung90044Taiwan
| | - Yen‐Fa Liao
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research CenterNo. 101 Hsin‐Ann RoadHsinchu30013Taiwan
| | - Tzu‐Chun Hsu
- Department of Applied PhysicsNational Pingtung UniversityNo. 4–18 Minsheng Rd.Pingtung90044Taiwan
| | - Wei‐Jhong Chen
- Department of Applied PhysicsNational Pingtung UniversityNo. 4–18 Minsheng Rd.Pingtung90044Taiwan
| | - Kuo‐Yi Hung
- Department of Applied PhysicsNational Pingtung UniversityNo. 4–18 Minsheng Rd.Pingtung90044Taiwan
| | - Ting‐Yi Huang
- Department of Applied PhysicsNational Pingtung UniversityNo. 4–18 Minsheng Rd.Pingtung90044Taiwan
| | - Jiann‐Shing Lee
- Department of Applied PhysicsNational Pingtung UniversityNo. 4–18 Minsheng Rd.Pingtung90044Taiwan
| | - Zdenek Remes
- Institute of Physics CASNa Slovance 1999/2Prague182 21Czech Republic
| | - Hua‐Shu Hsu
- Department of Applied PhysicsNational Pingtung UniversityNo. 4–18 Minsheng Rd.Pingtung90044Taiwan
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19
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Samedov K, Heider Y, Cai Y, Willmes P, Mühlhausen D, Huch V, West R, Scheschkewitz D, Percival PW. Free Radical Chemistry of Phosphasilenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:16007-16012. [PMID: 32488930 PMCID: PMC7540504 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202006289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the characteristics of radicals formed from silicon-containing heavy analogues of alkenes is of great importance for their application in radical polymerization. Steric and electronic substituent effects in compounds such as phosphasilenes not only stabilize the Si=P double bond, but also influence the structure and species of the formed radicals. Herein we report our first investigations of radicals derived from phosphasilenes with Mes, Tip, Dur, and NMe2 substituents on the P atom, using muon spin spectroscopy and DFT calculations. Adding muonium (a light isotope of hydrogen) to phosphasilenes reveals that: a) the electron-donor NMe2 and the bulkiest Tip-substituted phosphasilenes form several muoniated radicals with different rotamer conformations; b) bulky Dur-substituted phosphasilene forms two radicals (Si- and P-centred); and c) Mes-substituted phosphasilene mainly forms one species of radical, at the P centre. These significant differences result from intramolecular substituent effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerim Samedov
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and EngineeringBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029China
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of British Columbia2036 Main MallVancouverBCV6T 1Z1Canada
| | - Yannic Heider
- Krupp-Chair for General and Inorganic ChemistrySaarland UniversityCampus, C4.166123SaarbrückenGermany
| | - Yuanjing Cai
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and EngineeringBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029China
| | - Philipp Willmes
- Krupp-Chair for General and Inorganic ChemistrySaarland UniversityCampus, C4.166123SaarbrückenGermany
| | - Daniel Mühlhausen
- Krupp-Chair for General and Inorganic ChemistrySaarland UniversityCampus, C4.166123SaarbrückenGermany
| | - Volker Huch
- Krupp-Chair for General and Inorganic ChemistrySaarland UniversityCampus, C4.166123SaarbrückenGermany
| | - Robert West
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Wisconsin-Madison1101 University AvenueMadisonWI53706USA
| | - David Scheschkewitz
- Krupp-Chair for General and Inorganic ChemistrySaarland UniversityCampus, C4.166123SaarbrückenGermany
| | - Paul W. Percival
- Department of ChemistrySimon Fraser University8888 University DriveBurnabyBCV5A 1S6Canada
- Centre for Molecular and Materials Science, TRIUMF4004 Wesbrook MallVancouverBCV6T 2A3Canada
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20
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Wang H, Liu Z, An C, Li H, Hu F, Dong S. Self-Assembling Glycopeptide Conjugate as a Versatile Platform for Mimicking Complex Polysaccharides. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2020; 7:2001264. [PMID: 32832369 PMCID: PMC7435236 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202001264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Polysaccharides are a class of carbohydrates that play pivotal roles in living systems such as being chemical messengers in many vital biological pathways. However, the complexity and heterogeneity of these natural structures have posed daunting challenges on their production, characterization, evaluation, and applications. While there have been various types of synthetic skeletons that could mimic some biological aspects of polysaccharides, a safer and more easily accessed system is still desired to avoid the unnatural components and difficulties in modifying the structures. In this work, conveniently accessible self-assembling glycopeptide conjugates are developed, where the natural O-glycosidic linkages and phosphoryl modifications assist the self-assembly and concurrently reduce the risk of toxicity. The generated nanoparticles in aqueous solution offer a multivalent display of structurally controllable carbohydrates as mimics of polysaccharides, among which a mannosylated version exhibits immunostimulatory effects in both cellular assays and vaccination of mice. The obtained results demonstrate the potential of this glycopeptide conjugate-derived platform in exploiting the intriguing properties of carbohydrates in a more structurally maneuverable fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanxuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugsand Department of Chemical BiologySchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing100191China
| | - Zhichao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugsand Department of Chemical BiologySchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing100191China
| | - Chuanjing An
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugsand Department of Chemical BiologySchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing100191China
| | - Haoting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugsand Department of Chemical BiologySchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing100191China
| | - Fanlei Hu
- Department of Rheumatology and ImmunologyPeking University People's Hospital & Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis (BZ0135)Beijing100044China
| | - Suwei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugsand Department of Chemical BiologySchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing100191China
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21
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Sun Z, Zhang H, Zhang Y, Liao L, Zhou W, Zhang F, Lian F, Huang J, Xu P, Zhang R, Lu W, Zhu M, Tao H, Yang F, Ding H, Chen S, Yue L, Zhou B, Zhang N, Tan M, Jiang H, Chen K, Liu B, Liu C, Dang Y, Luo C. Covalent Inhibitors Allosterically Block the Activation of Rho Family Proteins and Suppress Cancer Cell Invasion. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2020; 7:2000098. [PMID: 32714746 PMCID: PMC7375240 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202000098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The Rho family GTPases are crucial drivers of tumor growth and metastasis. However, it is difficult to develop GTPases inhibitors due to a lack of well-characterized binding pockets for compounds. Here, through molecular dynamics simulation of the RhoA protein, a groove around cysteine 107 (Cys107) that is relatively well-conserved within the Rho family is discovered. Using a combined strategy, the novel inhibitor DC-Rhoin is discovered, which disrupts interaction of Rho proteins with guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (GDIs). Crystallographic studies reveal that the covalent binding of DC-Rhoin to the Cys107 residue stabilizes and captures a novel allosteric pocket. Moreover, the derivative compound DC-Rhoin04 inhibits the migration and invasion of cancer cells, through targeting this allosteric pocket of RhoA. The study reveals a novel allosteric regulatory site within the Rho family, which can be exploited for anti-metastasis drug development, and also provides a novel strategy for inhibitor discovery toward "undruggable" protein targets.
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22
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Zhang P, Du H, Wang J, Pu Y, Yang C, Yan R, Yang H, Cheng H, Yu D. Multiplex CRISPR/Cas9-mediated metabolic engineering increases soya bean isoflavone content and resistance to soya bean mosaic virus. Plant Biotechnol J 2020; 18:1384-1395. [PMID: 31769589 PMCID: PMC7206993 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Isoflavonoids, which include a variety of secondary metabolites, are derived from the phenylpropanoid pathway and are distributed predominantly in leguminous plants. These compounds play a critical role in plant-environment interactions and are beneficial to human health. Isoflavone synthase (IFS) is a key enzyme in isoflavonoid synthesis and shares a common substrate with flavanone-3-hydroxylase (F3H) and flavone synthase II (FNS II). In this study, CRISPR/Cas9-mediated multiplex gene-editing technology was employed to simultaneously target GmF3H1, GmF3H2 and GmFNSII-1 in soya bean hairy roots and plants. Various mutation types and frequencies were observed in hairy roots. Higher mutation efficiencies were found in the T0 transgenic plants, with a triple gene mutation efficiency of 44.44%, and these results of targeted mutagenesis were stably inherited in the progeny. Metabolomic analysis of T0 triple-mutants leaves revealed significant improvement in isoflavone content. Compared with the wild type, the T3 generation homozygous triple mutants had approximately twice the leaf isoflavone content, and the soya bean mosaic virus (SMV) coat protein content was significantly reduced by one-third after infection with strain SC7, suggesting that increased isoflavone content enhanced the leaf resistance to SMV. The isoflavone content in the seeds of T2 triple mutants was also significantly increased. This study provides not only materials for the improvement of soya bean isoflavone content and resistance to SMV but also a simple system to generate multiplex mutations in soya bean, which may be beneficial for further breeding and metabolic engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Zhang
- National Center for Soybean ImprovementNational Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm EnhancementJiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop ProductionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Hongyang Du
- National Center for Soybean ImprovementNational Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm EnhancementJiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop ProductionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
- Key Laboratory of Rice Genetic Breeding of Anhui ProvinceRice Research InstituteAnhui Academy of Agricultural ScienceHefeiChina
| | - Jiao Wang
- National Center for Soybean ImprovementNational Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm EnhancementJiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop ProductionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yixiang Pu
- National Center for Soybean ImprovementNational Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm EnhancementJiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop ProductionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Changyun Yang
- National Center for Soybean ImprovementNational Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm EnhancementJiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop ProductionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Rujuan Yan
- National Center for Soybean ImprovementNational Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm EnhancementJiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop ProductionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Hui Yang
- National Center for Soybean ImprovementNational Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm EnhancementJiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop ProductionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
- School of Life SciencesGuangzhou UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Hao Cheng
- National Center for Soybean ImprovementNational Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm EnhancementJiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop ProductionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Deyue Yu
- National Center for Soybean ImprovementNational Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm EnhancementJiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop ProductionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
- School of Life SciencesGuangzhou UniversityGuangzhouChina
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23
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Liu Y, Gu Y, Yuan W, Zhou X, Qiu X, Kong M, Wang Q, Feng W, Li F. Quantitative Mapping of Liver Hypoxia in Living Mice Using Time-Resolved Wide-Field Phosphorescence Lifetime Imaging. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2020; 7:1902929. [PMID: 32537394 PMCID: PMC7284196 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201902929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia has been identified to contribute the pathogenesis of a wide range of liver diseases, and therefore, quantitative mapping of liver hypoxia is important for providing critical information in the diagnosis and treatment of hepatic diseases. However, the existing imaging methods are unsuitable to quantitatively assess liver hypoxia due to the need of liver-specific contrast agents and be easily affected by other imaging factors. Here, a time-resolved lifetime-based imaging method is established for quantitative mapping of the distribution of hypoxia in the livers of mice by combining a wide-field luminescence lifetime imaging system with an oxygen-sensitive nanoprobe. It is shown that the method is suitable for real-time quantification of the change of oxygen pressure in the process of hepatic ischemia-reperfusion of the mouse. Moreover, the developed lifetime imaging methodology is used to quantitatively map liver hypoxia regions in the mouse model of orthotopic liver tumor, where the average oxygen pressure in tumorous liver is far below the normal liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawei Liu
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of PolymersFudan University220 Handan RoadShanghai200433P. R. China
| | - Yuyang Gu
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of PolymersFudan University220 Handan RoadShanghai200433P. R. China
| | - Wei Yuan
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of PolymersFudan University220 Handan RoadShanghai200433P. R. China
| | - Xiaobo Zhou
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of PolymersFudan University220 Handan RoadShanghai200433P. R. China
| | - Xiaochen Qiu
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of PolymersFudan University220 Handan RoadShanghai200433P. R. China
| | - Mengya Kong
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of PolymersFudan University220 Handan RoadShanghai200433P. R. China
| | - Qingbing Wang
- Department of Interventional RadiologyRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine197 Rui Jin Er RoadShanghai200025China
| | - Wei Feng
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of PolymersFudan University220 Handan RoadShanghai200433P. R. China
| | - Fuyou Li
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of PolymersFudan University220 Handan RoadShanghai200433P. R. China
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24
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Chen L, Li Y, Li C, Shi Y, Song Y, Zhang D, Wang H, Li Y, Wang T. The retromer protein ZmVPS29 regulates maize kernel morphology likely through an auxin-dependent process(es). Plant Biotechnol J 2020; 18:1004-1014. [PMID: 31553822 PMCID: PMC7061865 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Kernel size and morphology are two important yield-determining traits in maize, but their molecular and genetic mechanisms are poorly characterized. Here, we identified a major QTL, qKM4.08, which explains approximately 24.20% of the kernel morphology variance in a recombinant population derived from two elite maize inbred lines, Huangzaosi (HZS, round kernel) and LV28 (slender kernel). Positional cloning and transgenic analysis revealed that qKM4.08 encodes ZmVPS29, a retromer complex component. Compared with the ZmVPS29 HZS allele, the ZmVPS29 LV28 allele showed higher expression in developing kernels. Overexpression of ZmVPS29 conferred a slender kernel morphology and increased the yield per plant in different maize genetic backgrounds. Sequence analysis revealed that ZmVPS29 has been under purifying selection during maize domestication. Association analyses identified two significant kernel morphology-associated polymorphic sites in the ZmVPS29 promoter region that were significantly enriched in modern maize breeding lines. Further study showed that ZmVPS29 increased auxin accumulation during early kernel development by enhancing auxin biosynthesis and transport and reducing auxin degradation and thereby improved kernel development. Our results suggest that ZmVPS29 regulates kernel morphology, most likely through an auxin-dependent process(es).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Chen
- Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yong‐Xiang Li
- Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Chunhui Li
- Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yunsu Shi
- Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yanchun Song
- Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Dengfeng Zhang
- Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Haiyang Wang
- School of Life SciencesState Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐BioresourcesSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yu Li
- Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Tianyu Wang
- Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
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25
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Cai H, Dai X, Wang X, Tan P, Gu L, Luo Q, Zheng X, Li Z, Zhu H, Zhang H, Gu Z, Gong Q, Luo K. A Nanostrategy for Efficient Imaging-Guided Antitumor Therapy through a Stimuli-Responsive Branched Polymeric Prodrug. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2020; 7:1903243. [PMID: 32195104 PMCID: PMC7080516 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201903243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A stimuli-responsive polymeric prodrug-based nanotheranostic system with imaging agents (cyanine5.5 and gadolinium-chelates) and a therapeutic agent paclitaxel (PTX) is prepared via polymerization and conjugating chemistry. The branched polymeric PTX-Gd-based nanoparticles (BP-PTX-Gd NPs) demonstrate excellent biocompatibility, and high stability under physiological conditions, but they stimuli-responsively degrade and release PTX rapidly in a tumor microenvironment. The in vitro behavior of NPs labeled with fluorescent dyes is effectively monitored, and the NPs display high cytotoxicity to 4T1 cells similar to free PTX by impairing the function of microtubules, downregulating anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, and upregulating the expression of Bax, cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-9, cleaved-PARP, and p53 proteins. Great improvement in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is demonstrated by these NPs, and MRI accurately maps the temporal change profile of the tumor volume after injection of NPs and the tumor treatment process is also closely correlated with the T 1 values measured from MRI, demonstrating the capability of providing real-time feedback to the chemotherapeutic treatment effectiveness. The imaging-guided chemotherapy to the 4T1 tumor in the mice model achieves an excellent anti-tumor effect. This stimuli-responsive polymeric nano-agent opens a new door for efficient breast cancer treatment under the guidance of fluorescence/MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Cai
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC)Department of RadiologyFunctional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Xinghang Dai
- West China School of MedicineSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC)Department of RadiologyFunctional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Ping Tan
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC)Department of RadiologyFunctional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Lei Gu
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC)Department of RadiologyFunctional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Qiang Luo
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC)Department of RadiologyFunctional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Xiuli Zheng
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC)Department of RadiologyFunctional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Zhiqian Li
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC)Department of RadiologyFunctional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Hongyan Zhu
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC)Department of RadiologyFunctional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Hu Zhang
- Amgen Bioprocessing CentreKeck Graduate InstituteClaremontCA91711USA
| | - Zhongwei Gu
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC)Department of RadiologyFunctional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
- National Engineering Research Center for BiomaterialsSichuan UniversityChengdu610064China
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC)Department of RadiologyFunctional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Kui Luo
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC)Department of RadiologyFunctional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
- National Engineering Research Center for BiomaterialsSichuan UniversityChengdu610064China
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26
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Zheng H, Dong L, Han X, Jin H, Yin C, Han Y, Li B, Qin H, Zhang J, Shen Q, Zhang K, Wang D. The TuMYB46L-TuACO3 module regulates ethylene biosynthesis in einkorn wheat defense to powdery mildew. New Phytol 2020; 225:2526-2541. [PMID: 31675430 PMCID: PMC7065006 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Powdery mildew disease, elicited by the obligate fungal pathogen Blumeria graminis f.sp. tritici (Bgt), causes widespread yield losses in global wheat crop. However, the molecular mechanisms governing wheat defense to Bgt are still not well understood. Here we found that TuACO3, encoding the 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) oxidase functioning in ethylene (ET) biosynthesis, was induced by Bgt infection of the einkorn wheat Triticum urartu, which was accompanied by increased ET content. Silencing TuACO3 decreased ET production and compromised wheat defense to Bgt, whereas both processes were enhanced in the transgenic wheat overexpressing TuACO3. TuMYB46L, phylogenetically related to Arabidopsis MYB transcription factor AtMYB46, was found to bind to the TuACO3 promoter region in yeast-one-hybrid and EMSA experiments. TuMYB46L expression decreased rapidly following Bgt infection. Silencing TuMYB46L promoted ET content and Bgt defense, but the reverse was observed when TuMYB46L was overexpressed. Hence, decreased expression of TuMYB46L permits elevated function of TuACO3 in ET biosynthesis in Bgt-infected wheat. The TuMYB46L-TuACO3 module regulates ET biosynthesis to promote einkorn wheat defense against Bgt. Furthermore, we found four chitinase genes acting downstream of the TuMYB46L-TuACO3 module. Collectively, our data shed a new light on the molecular mechanisms underlying wheat defense to Bgt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyuan Zheng
- College of AgronomyHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou450002China
- The State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome EngineeringInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
| | - Lingli Dong
- The State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome EngineeringInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
| | - Xinyun Han
- The State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome EngineeringInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
| | - Huaibing Jin
- The State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome EngineeringInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
| | - Cuicui Yin
- The State Key Laboratory of Plant GenomicsInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
| | - Yali Han
- The State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome EngineeringInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
| | - Bei Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome EngineeringInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Huanju Qin
- The State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome EngineeringInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
| | - Jinsong Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Plant GenomicsInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Qianhua Shen
- The State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome EngineeringInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Kunpu Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome EngineeringInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
| | - Daowen Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome EngineeringInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
- The State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop ScienceHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou450002China
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27
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Ning X, Lv J, Guo Y, Bian Z, Tan Y, Pei P, Chen J, Yan S, Li H, Fu Z, Chen Y, Du H, Chen Z, Yu C, Li L. Association of Sleep Duration with Weight Gain and General and Central Obesity Risk in Chinese Adults: A Prospective Study. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2020; 28:468-474. [PMID: 31876384 PMCID: PMC7063984 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Evidence on the association between sleep duration and obesity among adults is inconsistent. Prospective studies investigating the association in Chinese adults have been limited. This study aims to prospectively evaluate sleep duration in relation to subsequent weight gain and general and central obesity risk among Chinese adults. METHODS A total of 21,958 participants aged 30 to 79 years reported their daily sleep duration. Obesity indicators were objectively measured; then significant weight gain (≥ 5 kg) and general and central obesity were modeled as the outcome. Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios and 95% CIs. RESULTS Average sleep duration was 7.5 hours at baseline. During 8.0 ± 0.8 years of follow-up, participants who reported sleeping ≤ 6 hours had higher risk for significant weight gain than those who slept 7 hours (multivariable-adjusted odds ratio: 1.13; 95% CI: 1.02-1.29). The association was stronger among those who were physically inactive at baseline (P = 0.04 for interaction). Short sleep duration was also associated with subsequent incident central obesity, with odds ratio of 1.13 (95% CI: 1.00-1.28), but not with incident general obesity (P = 0.31). CONCLUSIONS Compared with those who slept 7 hours per day, short sleepers had an increased risk of significant weight gain and central obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejuan Ning
- Department of Epidemiology & BiostatisticsSchool of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jun Lv
- Department of Epidemiology & BiostatisticsSchool of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yu Guo
- Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Zheng Bian
- Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yunlong Tan
- Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Pei Pei
- Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Junshi Chen
- China National Center for Food Safety Risk AssessmentBeijingChina
| | - Shichuan Yan
- Department of NCDs Prevention and ControlHeilongjiang CDCHarlinHeilongjiangChina
| | - Huimei Li
- Department of NCDs Prevention and ControlMeilan CDCHaikouChina
| | - Zhifang Fu
- Department of NCDs Prevention and ControlMeilan CDCHaikouChina
| | - Yiping Chen
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU)Nuffield Department of Population HealthUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Huaidong Du
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU)Nuffield Department of Population HealthUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Zhengming Chen
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU)Nuffield Department of Population HealthUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Canqing Yu
- Department of Epidemiology & BiostatisticsSchool of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Liming Li
- Department of Epidemiology & BiostatisticsSchool of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijingChina
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Fan H, Wu Q, Wei F, Yang F, Ng BL, Hu Y. Chromosome-level genome assembly for giant panda provides novel insights into Carnivora chromosome evolution. Genome Biol 2019; 20:267. [PMID: 31810476 PMCID: PMC6898958 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-019-1889-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chromosome evolution is an important driver of speciation and species evolution. Previous studies have detected chromosome rearrangement events among different Carnivora species using chromosome painting strategies. However, few of these studies have focused on chromosome evolution at a nucleotide resolution due to the limited availability of chromosome-level Carnivora genomes. Although the de novo genome assembly of the giant panda is available, current short read-based assemblies are limited to moderately sized scaffolds, making the study of chromosome evolution difficult. RESULTS Here, we present a chromosome-level giant panda draft genome with a total size of 2.29 Gb. Based on the giant panda genome and published chromosome-level dog and cat genomes, we conduct six large-scale pairwise synteny alignments and identify evolutionary breakpoint regions. Interestingly, gene functional enrichment analysis shows that for all of the three Carnivora genomes, some genes located in evolutionary breakpoint regions are significantly enriched in pathways or terms related to sensory perception of smell. In addition, we find that the sweet receptor gene TAS1R2, which has been proven to be a pseudogene in the cat genome, is located in an evolutionary breakpoint region of the giant panda, suggesting that interchromosomal rearrangement may play a role in the cat TAS1R2 pseudogenization. CONCLUSIONS We show that the combined strategies employed in this study can be used to generate efficient chromosome-level genome assemblies. Moreover, our comparative genomics analyses provide novel insights into Carnivora chromosome evolution, linking chromosome evolution to functional gene evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huizhong Fan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fuwen Wei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Fengtang Yang
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Bee Ling Ng
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Yibo Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.
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Sun W, Liu X, Wu R, Wang W, Wu Y, Ouyang S, Wu X. Declining freshwater mussel diversity in the middle and lower reaches of the Xin River Basin: Threat and conservation. Ecol Evol 2019; 9:14142-14153. [PMID: 31938509 PMCID: PMC6953653 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.5849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Freshwater mussels provide important functions and services for aquatic ecosystems, but populations of many species have been extirpated. Information on biodiversity plays an important role in the conservation and management of freshwater mussels. The Xin River Basin is a biodiversity hotspot for freshwater mussels in China, with more than 43 species known, but populations of which are decreasing. Here, we quantify the diversity of freshwater mussels in the middle and lower reaches of the Xin River Basin and study the correlation of habitat characteristics and freshwater mussel diversity. Compared to the historical period, the number of species, density, and biomass of freshwater mussels decreased 33%, 83%, and 82% in the current period, respectively. Fifty two percent of recorded species were empty shells, and 14 native freshwater mussels were not found in the study area. Four species are currently listed as vulnerable species using IUCN criteria and their global status. The assemblage structure of freshwater mussels exhibits significant spatial differences, and there was a correlation with substrate and physicochemical parameters. The main tributary of the Xin River with higher freshwater mussel diversity should be established as one large protected area because the nestedness component was the main pattern of beta diversity. These results indicated freshwater mussel diversity was declining rapidly, which can help focus conservation effort for freshwater mussel biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Sun
- School of Life SciencesNanchang UniversityNanchangChina
| | - Xiongjun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource UtilizationSchool of Resource, Environmental and Chemical EngineeringMinistry of EducationNanchang UniversityNanchangChina
- School of Resources Environmental & Chemical EngineeringNanchang UniversityNanchangChina
| | - Ruiwen Wu
- School of Life SciencesNanchang UniversityNanchangChina
| | - Weikai Wang
- School of Life SciencesNanchang UniversityNanchangChina
| | - Yanli Wu
- School of Life SciencesNanchang UniversityNanchangChina
| | - Shan Ouyang
- School of Life SciencesNanchang UniversityNanchangChina
| | - Xiaoping Wu
- School of Life SciencesNanchang UniversityNanchangChina
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource UtilizationSchool of Resource, Environmental and Chemical EngineeringMinistry of EducationNanchang UniversityNanchangChina
- School of Resources Environmental & Chemical EngineeringNanchang UniversityNanchangChina
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Wang D, Niu Y, Ren L, Kang Y, Tai PWL, Si C, Mendonca CA, Ma H, Gao G, Ji W. Gene Delivery to Nonhuman Primate Preimplantation Embryos Using Recombinant Adeno-Associated Virus. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2019; 6:1900440. [PMID: 31728271 PMCID: PMC6839749 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201900440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Delivery of genome editing tools to mammalian zygotes has revolutionized animal modeling. However, the mechanical delivery method to introduce genes and proteins to zygotes remains a challenge for some animal species that are important in biomedical research. Here, an approach to achieve gene delivery and genome editing in nonhuman primate embryos is presented by infecting zygotes with recombinant adeno-associated viruses (rAAVs). Together with previous reports from the authors of this paper and others, this approach is potentially applicable to a broad range of mammals. In addition to genome editing and animal modeling, this rAAV-based method can facilitate gene function studies in early-stage embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- Horae Gene Therapy CenterUniversity of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterMA01605USA
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological SystemsUniversity of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterMA01605USA
| | - Yuyu Niu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedicine ResearchInstitute of Primate Translational MedicineKunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming650500YunnanChina
| | - Lingzhi Ren
- Horae Gene Therapy CenterUniversity of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterMA01605USA
| | - Yu Kang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedicine ResearchInstitute of Primate Translational MedicineKunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming650500YunnanChina
| | - Phillip W. L. Tai
- Horae Gene Therapy CenterUniversity of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterMA01605USA
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological SystemsUniversity of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterMA01605USA
| | - Chenyang Si
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedicine ResearchInstitute of Primate Translational MedicineKunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming650500YunnanChina
| | - Craig A. Mendonca
- Horae Gene Therapy CenterUniversity of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterMA01605USA
| | - Hong Ma
- Horae Gene Therapy CenterUniversity of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterMA01605USA
| | - Guangping Gao
- Horae Gene Therapy CenterUniversity of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterMA01605USA
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological SystemsUniversity of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterMA01605USA
- Li Weibo Institute for Rare Diseases ResearchUniversity of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterMA01605USA
| | - Weizhi Ji
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedicine ResearchInstitute of Primate Translational MedicineKunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming650500YunnanChina
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Wang A, Peng Y, Harder LD, Huang J, Yang D, Zhang D, Liao W. The nature of interspecific interactions and co-diversification patterns, as illustrated by the fig microcosm. New Phytol 2019; 224:1304-1315. [PMID: 31494940 PMCID: PMC6856861 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Interactions between mutualists, competitors, and antagonists have contrasting ecological effects that, sustained over generations, can influence micro- and macroevolution. Dissimilar benefits and costs for these interactions should cause contrasting co-diversification patterns between interacting clades, with prevalent co-speciation by mutualists, association loss by competitors, and host switching by antagonists. We assessed these expectations for a local assemblage of 26 fig species (Moraceae: Ficus), 26 species of mutualistic (pollinating), and 33 species of parasitic (galling) wasps (Chalcidoidea). Using newly acquired gene sequences, we inferred the phylogenies for all three clades. We then compared the three possible pairs of phylogenies to assess phylogenetic congruence and the relative frequencies of co-speciation, association duplication, switching, and loss. The paired phylogenies of pollinators with their mutualists and competitors were significantly congruent, unlike that of figs and their parasites. The distributions of macroevolutionary events largely agreed with expectations for mutualists and antagonists. By contrast, that for competitors involved relatively frequent association switching, as expected, but also unexpectedly frequent co-speciation. The latter result likely reflects the heterogeneous nature of competition among fig wasps. These results illustrate the influence of different interspecific interactions on co-diversification, while also revealing its dependence on specific characteristics of those interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai‐Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource EcologyMinistry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological EngineeringBeijing Normal UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yan‐Qiong Peng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest EcologyXishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingChina
| | - Lawrence D. Harder
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of Calgary2500 University Drive NWCalgaryABCanada
| | - Jian‐Feng Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest EcologyXishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingChina
| | - Da‐Rong Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest EcologyXishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingChina
| | - Da‐Yong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource EcologyMinistry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological EngineeringBeijing Normal UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Wan‐Jin Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource EcologyMinistry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological EngineeringBeijing Normal UniversityBeijingChina
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Han Y, Chen X, Wei J, Ji G, Wang C, Zhao W, Lai J, Zha W, Li Z, Yan L, Gu H, Luo Q, Chen Q, Chen L, Hou J, Su W, Ma C. Efficiency above 12% for 1 cm 2 Flexible Organic Solar Cells with Ag/Cu Grid Transparent Conducting Electrode. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2019; 6:1901490. [PMID: 31763148 PMCID: PMC6864593 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201901490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
With the rapid progress of organic solar cells (OSCs), improvement in the efficiency of large-area flexible OSCs (>1 cm2) is crucial for real applications. However, the development of the large-area flexible OSCs severely lags behind the growth of the small-area OSCs, with the electrical loss due to the large sheet resistance of the electrode being a main reason. Herein, a high conductive and high transparent Ag/Cu composite grid with sheet resistance <1 Ω sq-1 and an average visible light transparency of 84% is produced as the transparent conducting electrode of flexible OSCs. Based on this Ag/Cu composite grid electrode, a high efficiency of 12.26% for 1 cm2 flexible OSCs is achieved. The performances of large-area flexible OSCs also reach 7.79% (4 cm2) and 7.35% (9 cm2), respectively, which are much higher than those of the control devices with conventional flexible indium tin oxide electrodes. Surface planarization using highly conductive PEDOT:PSS and modification of the ZnO buffer layer by zirconium acetylacetonate (ZrAcac) are two necessary steps to achieve high performance. The flexible OSCs employing Ag/Cu grid have excellent mechanical bending resistance, maintaining high performance after bending at a radius of 2 mm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfei Han
- School of Nano‐Tech and Nano‐BionicsUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230027P. R. China
- Suzhou Institute of Nano‐Tech and Nano‐BionicsChinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and TechnologySuzhou215123P. R. China
| | - Xiaolian Chen
- School of Nano‐Tech and Nano‐BionicsUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230027P. R. China
- Suzhou Institute of Nano‐Tech and Nano‐BionicsChinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and TechnologySuzhou215123P. R. China
| | - Junfeng Wei
- School of Nano‐Tech and Nano‐BionicsUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230027P. R. China
- Suzhou Institute of Nano‐Tech and Nano‐BionicsChinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and TechnologySuzhou215123P. R. China
| | - Guoqi Ji
- School of Nano‐Tech and Nano‐BionicsUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230027P. R. China
- Suzhou Institute of Nano‐Tech and Nano‐BionicsChinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and TechnologySuzhou215123P. R. China
| | - Chen Wang
- School of Nano‐Tech and Nano‐BionicsUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230027P. R. China
- Suzhou Institute of Nano‐Tech and Nano‐BionicsChinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and TechnologySuzhou215123P. R. China
| | - Wenchao Zhao
- Institute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P. R. China
| | - Junqi Lai
- School of Nano‐Tech and Nano‐BionicsUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230027P. R. China
- Suzhou Institute of Nano‐Tech and Nano‐BionicsChinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and TechnologySuzhou215123P. R. China
| | - Wusong Zha
- School of Nano‐Tech and Nano‐BionicsUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230027P. R. China
- Suzhou Institute of Nano‐Tech and Nano‐BionicsChinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and TechnologySuzhou215123P. R. China
| | - Zerui Li
- School of Nano‐Tech and Nano‐BionicsUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230027P. R. China
- Suzhou Institute of Nano‐Tech and Nano‐BionicsChinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and TechnologySuzhou215123P. R. China
| | - Lingpeng Yan
- School of Nano‐Tech and Nano‐BionicsUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230027P. R. China
- Suzhou Institute of Nano‐Tech and Nano‐BionicsChinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and TechnologySuzhou215123P. R. China
| | - Huiming Gu
- School of Nano‐Tech and Nano‐BionicsUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230027P. R. China
- Suzhou Institute of Nano‐Tech and Nano‐BionicsChinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and TechnologySuzhou215123P. R. China
| | - Qun Luo
- School of Nano‐Tech and Nano‐BionicsUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230027P. R. China
- Suzhou Institute of Nano‐Tech and Nano‐BionicsChinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and TechnologySuzhou215123P. R. China
| | - Qi Chen
- School of Nano‐Tech and Nano‐BionicsUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230027P. R. China
- Suzhou Institute of Nano‐Tech and Nano‐BionicsChinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and TechnologySuzhou215123P. R. China
| | - Liwei Chen
- School of Nano‐Tech and Nano‐BionicsUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230027P. R. China
- Suzhou Institute of Nano‐Tech and Nano‐BionicsChinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and TechnologySuzhou215123P. R. China
| | - Jianhui Hou
- Institute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P. R. China
| | - Wenming Su
- School of Nano‐Tech and Nano‐BionicsUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230027P. R. China
- Suzhou Institute of Nano‐Tech and Nano‐BionicsChinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and TechnologySuzhou215123P. R. China
| | - Chang‐Qi Ma
- School of Nano‐Tech and Nano‐BionicsUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230027P. R. China
- Suzhou Institute of Nano‐Tech and Nano‐BionicsChinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and TechnologySuzhou215123P. R. China
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Lu J, Li F, Ma W, Hu J, Peng Y, Yang Z, Chen Q, Xu C, Pan C, Wang ZL. Two Photon-Pumped Whispering-Gallery Mode Lasing and Dynamic Regulation. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2019; 6:1900916. [PMID: 31763135 PMCID: PMC6864518 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201900916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 07/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Realizing the dynamic regulation of nonlinear optical signals has a great scientific significance for the development of new-type nonlinear optoelectronic devices and expands its application in the field of laser technology, spectroscopy, material structure analysis, etc. Here, two photon absorption-induced whispering-gallery mode lasing from a single ZnO microresonator with a relatively low lasing threshold (15 µW) and high quality factor (Q ≈ 3200) under ambient conditions is demonstrated. Furthermore, success is achieved in obtaining the dynamic regulation of two photon-pumped lasing mode in the UV gain region. The corresponding resonant wavelength can be tuned dynamically from 388.99 and 391.12 to 390.01 and 392.12 nm for TE33 and TE32 modes, respectively. This work provides a new strategy for building high-performance mode-adjustable frequency upconversion lasers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Lu
- CAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceBeijing Key Laboratory of Micro‐Nano Energy and SensorBeijing Institute of Nanoenergy and NanosystemsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100083P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and TechnologyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049P. R. China
| | - Fangtao Li
- CAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceBeijing Key Laboratory of Micro‐Nano Energy and SensorBeijing Institute of Nanoenergy and NanosystemsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100083P. R. China
| | - Wenda Ma
- CAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceBeijing Key Laboratory of Micro‐Nano Energy and SensorBeijing Institute of Nanoenergy and NanosystemsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100083P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and TechnologyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049P. R. China
| | - Jufang Hu
- CAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceBeijing Key Laboratory of Micro‐Nano Energy and SensorBeijing Institute of Nanoenergy and NanosystemsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100083P. R. China
| | - Yiyao Peng
- CAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceBeijing Key Laboratory of Micro‐Nano Energy and SensorBeijing Institute of Nanoenergy and NanosystemsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100083P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and TechnologyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049P. R. China
| | - Zheng Yang
- CAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceBeijing Key Laboratory of Micro‐Nano Energy and SensorBeijing Institute of Nanoenergy and NanosystemsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100083P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and TechnologyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049P. R. China
| | - Qiushuo Chen
- CAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceBeijing Key Laboratory of Micro‐Nano Energy and SensorBeijing Institute of Nanoenergy and NanosystemsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100083P. R. China
| | - Chunxiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of BioelectronicsSchool of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjing210096P. R. China
| | - Caofeng Pan
- CAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceBeijing Key Laboratory of Micro‐Nano Energy and SensorBeijing Institute of Nanoenergy and NanosystemsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100083P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and TechnologyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049P. R. China
| | - Zhong Lin Wang
- CAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceBeijing Key Laboratory of Micro‐Nano Energy and SensorBeijing Institute of Nanoenergy and NanosystemsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100083P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and TechnologyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA30332‐0245USA
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Liu X, Qin J, Xu Y, Zhou M, Wu X, Ouyang S. Biodiversity pattern of fish assemblages in Poyang Lake Basin: Threat and conservation. Ecol Evol 2019; 9:11672-11683. [PMID: 31695877 PMCID: PMC6822132 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.5661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Poyang Lake Basin is of great importance to maintain regional ecological balance. However, fish biodiversity in this basin has rapidly declined as the result of anthropogenic habitat alteration, such as dam construction, sand mining, and water pollution. Here, we aimed to analyze the temporal and spatial changes in biodiversity patterns of fish in Poyang Lake Basin over the last 37 years. The number of fish species underwent a significant decrease in the current period. In particular, 36.7% of the migration of fish was extirpated. Twenty-seven fish species have been formally assessed using the Chinese Red List were currently listed as Critically Endangered (9), Endangered (3), Vulnerable (10), and Near Threatened (5). Alpha and gamma diversity revealed that fish diversity had also decreased, and beta diversity showed significant composition dissimilarity in two periods. PCoA showed that the historical fish composition dissimilarity was significantly different from that of the current period. We found a significant effect of the geographical distance on the spatial turnover component for the historical and current periods. In addition, the nestedness component was the main contributor to beta diversity, which indicated one large protected area should be established in Poyang Lake and the Ganjiang River Basin with higher species richness. These results indicated that fish biodiversity declined in the current period likely caused by anthropogenic habitat alteration and other threatened factors. Therefore, we suggest that the habitat reconstruction and biodiversity conservation for fish have become imperative in this basin, and a complete management plan should be carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiongjun Liu
- Poyang Lake Key Laboratory of Environment and Resource UtilizationSchool of Resource, Environment and Chemical EngineeringMinistry of EducationNanchang UniversityNanchangChina
- School of Resource, Environment and Chemical EngineeringNanchang UniversityNanchangChina
| | - Jiajun Qin
- School of Life SciencesNanchang UniversityNanchangChina
| | - Yang Xu
- School of Life SciencesNanchang UniversityNanchangChina
| | - Min Zhou
- School of Foreign LanguagesNanchang UniversityNanchangChina
| | - Xiaoping Wu
- Poyang Lake Key Laboratory of Environment and Resource UtilizationSchool of Resource, Environment and Chemical EngineeringMinistry of EducationNanchang UniversityNanchangChina
- School of Resource, Environment and Chemical EngineeringNanchang UniversityNanchangChina
- School of Life SciencesNanchang UniversityNanchangChina
| | - Shan Ouyang
- School of Life SciencesNanchang UniversityNanchangChina
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35
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Yao T, Cao R, Xiao W, Pan F, Li X. An optical study of drug resistance detection in endometrial cancer cells by dynamic and quantitative phase imaging. J Biophotonics 2019; 12:e201800443. [PMID: 30767401 PMCID: PMC7065625 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201800443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Platinum chemosensitivity detection plays a vital role during endometrial cancer treatment because chemotherapy responses have profound influences on patient's prognosis. Although several methods can be used to detect drug resistance characteristics, studies on detecting drug sensitivity based on dynamic and quantitative phase imaging of cancer cells are rare. In this study, digital holographic microscopy was applied to distinguish drug-resistant and nondrug-resistant endometrial cancer cells. Based on the reconstructed phase images, temporal evolutions of cell height (CH), cell projected area (CPA) and cell volume were quantitatively measured. The results show that change rates of CH and CPA were significantly different between drug-resistant and nondrug-resistant endometrial cancer cells. Furthermore, the results demonstrate that morphological characteristics have the potential to be utilized to distinguish the drug sensitivity of endometrial cancer cells, and it may provide new perspectives to establish optical methods to detect drug sensitivity and guide chemotherapy in endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Yao
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyPeking University People's HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Runyu Cao
- Key Laboratory of Precision Opto‐Mechatronics Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Instrumentation Science & Optoelectronics EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Wen Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Precision Opto‐Mechatronics Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Instrumentation Science & Optoelectronics EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Feng Pan
- Key Laboratory of Precision Opto‐Mechatronics Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Instrumentation Science & Optoelectronics EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Xiaoping Li
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyPeking University People's HospitalBeijingChina
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Wang Y, Ni T, Wang W, Liu F. Gene transcription in bursting: a unified mode for realizing accuracy and stochasticity. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2019; 94:248-258. [PMID: 30024089 PMCID: PMC7379551 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
There is accumulating evidence that, from bacteria to mammalian cells, messenger RNAs (mRNAs) are produced in intermittent bursts - a much 'noisier' process than traditionally thought. Based on quantitative measurements at individual promoters, diverse phenomenological models have been proposed for transcriptional bursting. Nevertheless, the underlying molecular mechanisms and significance for cellular signalling remain elusive. Here, we review recent progress, address the above issues and illuminate our viewpoints with simulation results. Despite being widely used in modelling and in interpreting experimental data, the traditional two-state model is far from adequate to describe or infer the molecular basis and stochastic principles of transcription. In bacteria, DNA supercoiling contributes to the bursting of those genes that express at high levels and are topologically constrained in short loops; moreover, low-affinity cis-regulatory elements and unstable protein complexes can play a key role in transcriptional regulation. Integrating data on the architecture, kinetics, and transcriptional input-output function is a promising approach to uncovering the underlying dynamic mechanism. For eukaryotes, distinct bursting features described by the multi-scale and continuum models coincide with those predicted by four theoretically derived principles that govern how the transcription apparatus operates dynamically. This consistency suggests a unified framework for comprehending bursting dynamics at the level of the structural and kinetic basis of transcription. Moreover, the existing models can be unified by a generic model. Remarkably, transcriptional bursting enables regulatory information to be transmitted in a digital manner, with the burst frequency representing the strength of regulatory signals. Such a mode guarantees high fidelity for precise transcriptional regulation and also provides sufficient randomness for realizing cellular heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaolai Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Department of Physics, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing UniversityNanjing210093China
- School of ScienceJiangnan UniversityWuxi214122China
| | - Tengfei Ni
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Department of Physics, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing UniversityNanjing210093China
| | - Wei Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Department of Physics, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing UniversityNanjing210093China
| | - Feng Liu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Department of Physics, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing UniversityNanjing210093China
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Luo J, Wang Y, Yuan J, Zhao Z, Lu J. MicroRNA duplication accelerates the recruitment of new targets during vertebrate evolution. RNA 2018; 24:787-802. [PMID: 29511046 PMCID: PMC5959248 DOI: 10.1261/rna.062752.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The repertoire of miRNAs has considerably expanded during metazoan evolution, and duplication is an important mechanism for generating new functional miRNAs. However, relatively little is known about the functional divergence between paralogous miRNAs and the possible coevolution between duplicated miRNAs and the genomic contexts. By systematically examining small RNA expression profiles across various human tissues and interrogating the publicly available miRNA:mRNA pairing chimeras, we found that changes in expression patterns and targeting preferences are widespread for duplicated miRNAs in vertebrates. Both the empirical interactions and target predictions suggest that evolutionarily conserved homo-seed duplicated miRNAs pair with significantly higher numbers of target sites compared to the single-copy miRNAs. Our birth-and-death evolutionary analysis revealed that the new target sites of miRNAs experienced frequent gains and losses during function development. Our results suggest that a newly emerged target site has a higher probability to be functional and maintained by natural selection if it is paired to a seed shared by multiple paralogous miRNAs rather than being paired to a single-copy miRNA. We experimentally verified the divergence in target repression between two paralogous miRNAs by transfecting let-7a and let-7b mimics into kidney-derived cell lines of four mammalian species and measuring the resulting transcriptome alterations by extensive high-throughput sequencing. Our results also suggest that the gains and losses of let-7 target sites might be associated with the evolution of repressiveness of let-7 across mammalian species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, Center for Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences and Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yirong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, Center for Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences and Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jian Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, Center for Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences and Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhilei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, Center for Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences and Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jian Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, Center for Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences and Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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Fan H, Hou D, Liu J, Yan Y, Mi J. Performance of 4 definitions of childhood elevated blood pressure in predicting subclinical cardiovascular outcomes in adulthood. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2018; 20:508-514. [PMID: 29370465 PMCID: PMC8030891 DOI: 10.1111/jch.13201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to compare the ability of the pediatric blood pressure (BP) standards issued by the US Fourth Report, the recently proposed US, Chinese, and international standards to predict adult hypertension and subclinical cardiovascular disease (CVD). 2296 children were randomly selected from Beijing at baseline. The follow-up survey was conducted among 1177 adults. Subclinical adult CVD was assessed using the carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), and left ventricular mass index (LVMI). The prevalence of pediatric elevated BP was significantly higher according to the Chinese standards vs the Fourth Report, the updated US standards, and the international standards (18.7% vs 14.2%, 17.5%, and 18.0%, respectively; all Ps < .001). Children identified as elevated BP using any of the 4 standards were more likely to have adult hypertension, high cfPWV, and high LVMI than children without elevated BP. However, only the Chinese and updated US standards can predict the increased risk of adult high CIMT. Our results indicated that the Chinese standards performed equally or better compared with 3 other standards in predicting adult hypertension and subclinical CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Fan
- Department of EpidemiologyCapital Institute of PediatricsBeijingChina
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Dongqing Hou
- Department of EpidemiologyCapital Institute of PediatricsBeijingChina
| | - Junting Liu
- Department of EpidemiologyCapital Institute of PediatricsBeijingChina
| | - Yinkun Yan
- Department of EpidemiologyCapital Institute of PediatricsBeijingChina
| | - Jie Mi
- Department of EpidemiologyCapital Institute of PediatricsBeijingChina
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
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