1
|
Tanabe S, Ichida K, Morishima S. A Case of Ultrasound Suspected Microcephaly With a Normal Head Circumference at Birth. Cureus 2023; 15:e43191. [PMID: 37565178 PMCID: PMC10410679 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.43191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
A 25-year-old first-time mother from Nepal had a well-progressing spontaneous pregnancy. However, from the 37th week, her baby's biparietal diameter (BPD) stopped growing at around 83 mm. At 40 weeks, measurements suggested possible microcephaly and fetal growth failure but no other abnormalities. No travel, infections, or cytomegalovirus were identified prenatally. By 41 weeks, the BPD and head circumference (HC) decreased further, while the estimated fetal birth weight (EFBW) slightly increased. The baby girl was born at 41 weeks and 1 day with a low birth weight but a normal head circumference. Postnatal checks showed no abnormalities, and she was discharged with normal growth at 10 days old.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shohei Tanabe
- Obsterics and Gynecology, Kobe City Medical Center West Hospital, Kobe, JPN
| | - Kotaro Ichida
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kobe City Medical Center West Hospital, Kobe, JPN
| | - Syuji Morishima
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kobe City Medical Center West Hospital, Kobe, JPN
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Stein RA, Grayon A, Katz A, Chervenak FA. The Zika virus: an opportunity to revisit reproductive health needs and disparities. Germs 2022; 12:519-537. [PMID: 38021183 PMCID: PMC10660223 DOI: 10.18683/germs.2022.1357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
First isolated in 1947, the Zika virus was initially connected only to limited or sporadic human infections. In late 2015, the temporal clustering of a Zika outbreak and microcephaly in newborn babies from northeastern Brazil, and the identification of a causal link between the two, led to the characterization of the congenital Zika syndrome. In the wake of the epidemic, several countries from Latin America advised women to postpone pregnancies for periods ranging from six months to two years. These recommendations initiated critical conversations about the challenges of implementing them in societies with limited access to contraception, widespread socioeconomic inequalities, and high rates of unplanned and adolescent pregnancies. The messaging targeted exclusively women, despite a high prevalence of imbalances in the relationship power, and addressed all women as a group, failing to recognize that the decision to postpone pregnancies will impact different women in different ways, depending on their age at the time. Finally, in several countries affected by the Zika epidemic, due to restrictive reproductive policies, legally terminating a pregnancy is no longer an option even at the earliest time when brain malformations as part of the congenital Zika syndrome can be detected by ultrasonography. The virus continued to circulate after 2016 in several countries. Climate change models predict an expansion of the geographical area where local Zika transmission may occur, indicating that the interface between the virus, teratogenesis, and reproductive rights is a topic of considerable interest for medicine, social sciences, and public health for years to come.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard A. Stein
- MD, PhD, NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, 6 MetroTech Center, Brooklyn 11201, NY, USA
| | - Alexis Grayon
- NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, 6 MetroTech Center, Brooklyn 11201, NY, USA
| | - Adi Katz
- MD, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lenox Hill Hospital, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra Northwell, 110 E 77th Street, New York, NY, 10075, USA
| | - Frank A. Chervenak
- MD, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lenox Hill Hospital, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra Northwell, 110 E 77th Street, New York, NY, 10075, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mok T, Pereira JP, Sobhani NC, Cardozo RF, Valle HA, Dutra BRT, Gama HD, Moreira ME, Vasconcelos Z, Pone M, Gaw SL. Middle Cerebral Artery Dopplers and Abnormal Neonatal Outcomes among Pregnant Women with Zika Virus Infection. Am J Perinatol 2022; 39:577-583. [PMID: 34839482 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1740057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the role of middle cerebral artery (MCA) Doppler measurements for the prediction of abnormal neonatal outcomes in pregnancies affected by Zika virus (ZIKV). METHODS Secondary analysis of a prospective cohort of pregnant women diagnosed with ZIKV infection from September 2015 to December 2016 at a single regional referral center. Ultrasonography with measurements of MCA peak systolic velocity (PSV), PSV multiples of the median (MoM) for gestational age, and pulsatility index (PI) were collected. The primary outcome was a composite abnormal neonatal outcome. MCA Doppler values of normal and abnormal neonatal outcomes were compared with Wilcoxon rank sum test. The predictive value of MCA Dopplers for development of abnormal neonatal outcome was calculated by logistic regression. RESULTS One-hundred twenty-seven ZIKV-positive pregnancies with MCA Doppler measurements and known neonatal outcomes were included. Of the 132 neonates, 66 (50%) had an abnormal neonatal outcome. Lower MCA PSV (p = 0.027) and PSV MoM (p = 0.008) were associated with abnormal neonatal outcomes. There was no significant difference in MCA PI. Abnormal neonatal outcomes had lower MCA PSV by 5.36 cm/s (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.95-9.77, p = 0.018) and lower MCA PSV MoM by 0.13 (95% CI: 0.05-0.22, p = 0.002). MCA PSV of 30 cm/s had a 65% predicted probability of an abnormal neonatal outcome (95% CI: 51-79%). CONCLUSION In ZIKV-infected pregnancies, lower MCA PSV and PSV MoM measurements were seen with abnormal neonatal outcomes. This may represent a physiologic response to fetal ZIKV infection. Evaluation of MCA Dopplers may be of clinical utility in the surveillance of ZIKV-affected pregnancies. KEY POINTS · Significantly lower MCA PSV is associated with abnormal neonatal outcomes in ZIKV pregnancies.. · Lower MCA PSV may reflect the underlying neuropathology of ZIKV exposure on the fetus.. · There is potential utility for MCA Doppler evaluation in antepartum surveillance of ZIKV pregnancies..
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thalia Mok
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jose Paulo Pereira
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde da Mulher, da Criança e do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira-Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Nasim C Sobhani
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Renan Fonseca Cardozo
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde da Mulher, da Criança e do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira-Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Helena Abreu Valle
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde da Mulher, da Criança e do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira-Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Ribeiro Torres Dutra
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde da Mulher, da Criança e do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira-Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Helder Dotta Gama
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde da Mulher, da Criança e do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira-Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Maria Elisabeth Moreira
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde da Mulher, da Criança e do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira-Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Zilton Vasconcelos
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde da Mulher, da Criança e do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira-Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcos Pone
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde da Mulher, da Criança e do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira-Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Stephanie L Gaw
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Neuser S, Krey I, Schwan A, Abou Jamra R, Bartolomaeus T, Döring J, Syrbe S, Plassmann M, Rohde S, Roth C, Rehder H, Radtke M, Le Duc D, Schubert S, Bermúdez-Guzmán L, Leal A, Schoner K, Popp B. Prenatal phenotype of PNKP-related primary microcephaly associated with variants affecting both the FHA and phosphatase domain. Eur J Hum Genet 2022; 30:101-110. [PMID: 34697416 PMCID: PMC8738728 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-021-00982-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Biallelic PNKP variants cause heterogeneous disorders ranging from neurodevelopmental disorder with microcephaly/seizures to adult-onset Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. To date, only postnatal descriptions exist. We present the first prenatal diagnosis of PNKP-related primary microcephaly. Pathological examination of a male fetus in the 18th gestational week revealed micrencephaly with extracerebral malformations and thus presumed syndromic microcephaly. A recessive disorder was suspected because of previous pregnancy termination for similar abnormalities. Prenatal trio-exome sequencing identified compound heterozygosity for the PNKP variants c.498G>A, p.[(=),0?] and c.302C>T, p.(Pro101Leu). Segregation confirmed both variants in the sister fetus. Through RNA analyses, we characterized exon 4 skipping affecting the PNKP forkhead-associated (FHA) and phosphatase domains (p.Leu67_Lys166del) as the predominant effect of the paternal c.498G>A variant. We retrospectively investigated two unrelated individuals diagnosed with biallelic PNKP-variants to compare prenatal/postnatal phenotypes. Both carry the splice donor variant c.1029+2T>C in trans with a variant in the FHA domain (c.311T>C, p.(Leu104Pro); c.151G>C, p.(Val51Leu)). RNA-seq showed complex splicing for c.1029+2T>C and c.151G>C. Structural modeling revealed significant clustering of missense variants in the FHA domain with variants generating structural damage. Our clinical description extends the PNKP-continuum to the prenatal stage. Investigating possible PNKP-variant effects using RNA and structural modeling, we highlight the mutational complexity and exemplify a PNKP-variant characterization framework.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Neuser
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Ilona Krey
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Rami Abou Jamra
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Tobias Bartolomaeus
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jan Döring
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Steffen Syrbe
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Stefan Rohde
- Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, Klinikum Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Christian Roth
- Department for Pediatric Radiology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Helga Rehder
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Pathology, Department of Fetal Pathology, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Radtke
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Diana Le Duc
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Susanna Schubert
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Luis Bermúdez-Guzmán
- Section of Genetics and Biotechnology, School of Biology, University de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Alejandro Leal
- Section of Genetics and Biotechnology, School of Biology, University de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Katharina Schoner
- Institute of Pathology, Department of Fetal Pathology, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Bernt Popp
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
De Bie I, Boucoiran I. N o 380 - Évaluation et prise en charge de la microcéphalie détectée avant la naissance. JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY CANADA 2020; 41:862-869. [PMID: 31126435 DOI: 10.1016/j.jogc.2019.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIF Informer les fournisseurs canadiens de soins de santé périnatale des critères diagnostiques de la microcéphalie fœtale et fournir l'information sur les analyses pertinentes, le pronostic, et la prise en charge prénatale et périnatale en lien avec a cette observation prénatale. DESTINATAIRES Tous les fournisseurs de soins de maternité (fournisseurs principaux de soins de santé) et de soins de pédiatrie; les conseiller(e)s en génétique; les infirmièr(e)s en soins de maternité; les infirmièr(e)s practicien(ne)s, les administrateur(trice)s provinciaux de soins de maternité; les étudiant(e)s, en médecine; les résident(e)s postdoctoraux et les stagiaires (fellows). RéSULTATS: Fournir de meilleurs conseils et une prise en charge clinique adéquate aux femmes et aux familles qui ont reçu un diagnostic prénatal de microcéphalie fœtale. DONNéES PROBANTES: La documentation publiée est tirée de recherches effectuées en 2018 dans le moteur PubMed et les bases de données Medline, CINAHL et Cochrane Library au moyen de mots-clés anglais pertinents (prenatal ultrasound, prenatal imaging, fetal, antenatal ou prenatal microcephaly). Des publications supplémentaires ont été sélectionnées à partir des notices bibliographiques de ces articles. PéRIODE DE RECHERCHE: Sept ans (2010-2018); la dernière recherche a été effectuée le 19 avril 2018. L'auteur principal a terminé la validation des articles. AVANTAGES, PRéJUDICES ET COûTS: Le présent document renseigne les lecteurs au sujet (1) des critères diagnostiques de la microcéphalie fœtale, (2) de ses étiologies potentielles et (3) des analyses et options de prise en charge avant et après la naissance. Il propose une méthode fondée sur des données probantes pour établir le diagnostic et déterminer la prise en charge de la microcéphalie détectée avant la naissance. Ces recommandations sont fondées sur l'opinion d'experts, mais n'ont pas fait l'objet d'une évaluation économique de la santé. Une mise en œuvre aux échelles locale ou provinciale sera requise. Les auteurs reconnaissent que l'accès aux services et ressources mentionnés varie au Canada. Par conséquent, ces recommandations ont été formulées dans la perspective de promouvoir l'accès et de fournir une orientation pour toutes les provinces et tous les territoires du pays. CRITèRES: La solidité des données probantes indiquées s'appuie sur les critères décrits dans le rapport du Groupe d'étude canadien sur les soins de santé préventifs. RECOMMANDATIONS.
Collapse
|
6
|
De Bie I, Boucoiran I. No. 380-Investigation and Management of Prenatally Identified Microcephaly. JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY CANADA 2020; 41:855-861. [PMID: 31126434 DOI: 10.1016/j.jogc.2018.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To update Canadian maternity care and reproductive health care providers on the diagnostic criteria of fetal microcephaly and provide information on the relevant investigations, prognosis, and pre- and perinatal management of this prenatal finding. INTENDED USERS All maternity care (most responsible health provider [MRHP]) and pediatric providers; genetic counsellors; maternity nurses; nurse practitioners; provincial maternity care administrators; medical students; postgraduate residents, and fellows. OUTCOMES To provide better counselling and appropriate clinical management to women and families who have received a prenatal diagnosis of fetal microcephaly. EVIDENCE Published literature was retrieved through searches of PubMed or Medline, CINAHL, and The Cochrane Library in 2018, using appropriate key words (prenatal ultrasound, prenatal imaging, fetal, antenatal, or prenatal microcephaly). Additional publications were identified from the bibliographies of these articles. SEARCH PERIOD Seven years (2010-2018); completed final search April 19, 2018. The primary author completed validation of the articles. BENEFITS, HARMS, AND COSTS This document educates readers about (1) the diagnostic criteria for fetal microcephaly, (2) its potential etiologies, (3) investigation and management options both pre- and postnatally. It proposes an evidence-based approach to the diagnosis and management of prenatally detected microcephaly. These recommendations are based on expert opinion and have not been subjected to a health economics assessment. Local or provincial implementation will be required. The authors recognize that there is variability across Canada in access to the cited services and resources. As such, these recommendations were developed in an attempt to promote access and to provide guidance for all provinces and territories across the country. VALUES The quality of evidence was rated using the criteria described in the Report of the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care. RECOMMENDATIONS
Collapse
|
7
|
Walker CL, Ehinger N, Mason B, Oler E, Little MTE, Ohuma EO, Papageorghiou AT, Nayeri U, Curry C, Adams Waldorf KM. Ultrasound prediction of Zika virus-associated congenital injury using the profile of fetal growth. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0233023. [PMID: 32401826 PMCID: PMC7219748 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-transmitted flavivirus, recently linked to microcephaly and central nervous system anomalies following infection in pregnancy. Striking findings of disproportionate growth with a smaller than expected head relative to body length have been observed more commonly among fetuses with exposure to ZIKV in utero compared to pregnancies without ZIKV infection regardless of other signs of congenital infection including microcephaly. This study's objective was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of femur-sparing profile of intrauterine growth restriction for the identification of ZIKV-associated congenital injuries on postnatal testing. A retrospective cohort study of pregnant women with possible or confirmed ZIKV infection between January 1, 2016 and December 31, 2017 were included. Subjects were excluded if no prenatal ultrasound was available. A femur-sparing profile of growth restriction determined using INTERGROWTH-21st sonographic standard for head circumference to femur length (HC: FL). Congenital injuries were determined postnatally by imaging, comprehensive eye exam and standard newborn hearing screen. A total of 111 pregnant women diagnosed with ZIKV infection underwent fetal ultrasound and 95 neonates had complete postnatal evaluation. Prenatal microcephaly was detected in 5% of fetuses (6/111). Postnatal testing detected ZIKV-associated congenital injuries in 25% of neonates (24/95). A HC: FL Z-score ≤ -1.3 had a 52% specificity (95% CI 41-63%), 82% negative predictive value (NPV, 95% CI 73-88%) for the detection of ZIKV-associated congenital injuries in the neonatal period. A more stringent threshold with a Z-score ≤ -2 was associated with a 90% specificity (95% CI 81-95%), 81% NPV (95% CI 77-85%). Excluding cases of fetal microcephaly, HC: FL (Z-score ≤ -2) demonstrated a similar specificity (89%, 95% CI 81-95%) with superior NPV (87%, 95% CI 84-90%). The sonographic recognition of a normally proportioned fetus may be useful prenatally to exclude a wider spectrum of ZIKV-associated congenital injuries detected postnatally.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christie L. Walker
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Noah Ehinger
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Miami Health System, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Brittney Mason
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Miami Health System, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth Oler
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | | | - Eric O. Ohuma
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology & Musculoskeletal Sciences, Centre for Statistics in Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Aris T. Papageorghiou
- Nuffield Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology and Oxford Maternal & Perinatal Health Institute, Green Templeton College, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Unzila Nayeri
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Miami Health System, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Christine Curry
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Miami Health System, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Kristina M. Adams Waldorf
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Prenatal detection of congenital anomalies and related factors in Argentina. J Community Genet 2020; 11:313-320. [PMID: 31900752 DOI: 10.1007/s12687-019-00451-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital anomalies (CAs) are a leading cause of neonatal death. Many CAs can be diagnosed prenatally. To estimate the prenatal detection rate (PDR) of CA in hospitals participating in the RENAC (National Network of Congenital Anomalies of Argentina) and to analyze the PDR according to different factors. Sources were reports of RENAC from the 2013-2016 period. Congenital anomalies included were those detectable by ultrasound or by a prenatal karyotype. PDR was calculated by region, health subsector, clinical presentation, maternal age, sex, and twining. Using multiple logistic regression analysis, we evaluated predictors of prenatal detection. In total, 9976 cases were defined as prenatal detectable; 5021 were detected (PDR = 50.3%). Multiple presentation increased the chances of prenatal detection (Adj. OR = 1.6; 95%CI 1.4-1.9). Prenatal detection was lower in the public subsector (Adj. OR = 0.8; 95%CI 0.7-0.9) and in the northern regions of the country. PDR was higher than 75% in isolated cases of urinary malformation, anencephaly, and gastroschisis. Prenatal detection increased the chance of birth in higher complexity-level hospitals (Adj. OR = 2.5; 95%CI 2.3-2.8). PDR was within the range previously reported. Heterogeneity between regions and health subsector suggests the need for training to achieve equity in detection.
Collapse
|
9
|
Sanapo L, Herrera N, Cristante C, Bulas DI, Russo S, Schlatterer SD, du Plessis AJ, Mulkey SB. How prenatal head ultrasound reference ranges affect evaluation of possible fetal microcephaly. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2019; 34:2529-2534. [PMID: 31533505 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2019.1670163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Different fetal ultrasound (US) nomograms of the head circumference (HC) have been established; however, comparisons between the detection rates of microcephaly among US nomograms are few and inconsistent. We aimed to compare the prenatal diagnostic rate of fetal microcephaly (FM) among four widely used US nomograms of the fetal HC, when applied to the same group of fetuses. METHODS We retrospectively identified singleton pregnancies complicated by fetal HC < 5th percentile for gestational age (GA) by US, without other risk factors for FM and with normal fetal brain MRI. Raw values of HC by US were converted to z-scores using four nomograms (Chervenak = A, Hadlock = B, Gelber = C, Papageorghiou = D). Z-scores value of the HC were classified as normal, possible normal, or microcephaly if values were >-2, ≤ -2 and >-3, or ≤ -3, respectively and compared among the four nomograms. RESULTS Fifty one fetuses at a mean (±SD) GA of 28 (±4) weeks were included. The four nomograms resulted in different z-score values of the fetal HC for the same subject (p < .001) and none of them showed 100% agreement. Reference C and D showed the highest agreement in classifying subjects as normal, possible normal, or with microcephaly (simple Kappa = 0.8915, % agreement = 94.1%), while A and B had the lowest agreement (simple Kappa = 0.0977, % agreement = 51.0%). CONCLUSIONS Despite the use of similar prenatal cutoff z-score values of the fetal HC, the four nomograms led to different diagnostic rates of FM. More consistent diagnostic criteria are therefore needed to define FM, especially in the absence of other risk factors for FM and normal fetal brain MRI, since the prenatal diagnosis can affect pregnancy management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Sanapo
- Division of Fetal and Transitional Medicine, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, USA.,Department of Clinical Research & Leadership School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Nicole Herrera
- Division of Biostatistics and Study Methodology, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Caitlin Cristante
- Division of Fetal and Transitional Medicine, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Dorothy I Bulas
- Division of Diagnostic Imaging and Radiology, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Stephanie Russo
- Division of Fetal and Transitional Medicine, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Sarah D Schlatterer
- Division of Fetal and Transitional Medicine, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Adre J du Plessis
- Division of Fetal and Transitional Medicine, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA.,Department of Neurology, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Sarah B Mulkey
- Division of Fetal and Transitional Medicine, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA.,Department of Neurology, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Mamidi R, Miller M, Banerjee T, Romine W, Sheth A. Identifying Key Topics Bearing Negative Sentiment on Twitter: Insights Concerning the 2015-2016 Zika Epidemic. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2019; 5:e11036. [PMID: 31165711 PMCID: PMC6682293 DOI: 10.2196/11036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To understand the public sentiment regarding the Zika virus, social media can be leveraged to understand how positive, negative, and neutral sentiments are expressed in society. Specifically, understanding the characteristics of negative sentiment could help inform federal disease control agencies’ efforts to disseminate relevant information to the public about Zika-related issues. Objective The purpose of this study was to analyze the public sentiment concerning Zika using posts on Twitter and determine the qualitative characteristics of positive, negative, and neutral sentiments expressed. Methods Machine learning techniques and algorithms were used to analyze the sentiment of tweets concerning Zika. A supervised machine learning classifier was built to classify tweets into 3 sentiment categories: positive, neutral, and negative. Tweets in each category were then examined using a topic-modeling approach to determine the main topics for each category, with focus on the negative category. Results A total of 5303 tweets were manually annotated and used to train multiple classifiers. These performed moderately well (F1 score=0.48-0.68) with text-based feature extraction. All 48,734 tweets were then categorized into the sentiment categories. Overall, 10 topics for each sentiment category were identified using topic modeling, with a focus on the negative sentiment category. Conclusions Our study demonstrates how sentiment expressed within discussions of epidemics on Twitter can be discovered. This allows public health officials to understand public sentiment regarding an epidemic and enables them to address specific elements of negative sentiment in real time. Our negative sentiment classifier was able to identify tweets concerning Zika with 3 broad themes: neural defects,Zika abnormalities, and reports and findings. These broad themes were based on domain expertise and from topics discussed in journals such as Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report and Vaccine. As the majority of topics in the negative sentiment category concerned symptoms, officials should focus on spreading information about prevention and treatment research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ravali Mamidi
- Computer Science and Engineering, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, United States
| | - Michele Miller
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, United States
| | - Tanvi Banerjee
- Computer Science and Engineering, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, United States.,Kno.e.sis, Computer Science and Engineering, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, United States
| | - William Romine
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, United States
| | - Amit Sheth
- Computer Science and Engineering, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, United States.,Kno.e.sis, Computer Science and Engineering, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, United States
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Pereira JP, Nielsen-Saines K, Sperling J, Maykin MM, Damasceno L, Cardozo RF, Valle HA, Dutra BRT, Gama HD, Adachi K, Zin AA, Tsui I, Vasconcelos Z, Brasil P, Moreira ME, Gaw SL. Association of Prenatal Ultrasonographic Findings With Adverse Neonatal Outcomes Among Pregnant Women With Zika Virus Infection in Brazil. JAMA Netw Open 2018; 1:e186529. [PMID: 30646333 PMCID: PMC6324324 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.6529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Congenital Zika virus infection causes a spectrum of adverse birth outcomes, including severe birth defects of the central nervous system. The association of prenatal ultrasonographic findings with adverse neonatal outcomes, beyond structural anomalies such as microcephaly, has not been described to date. OBJECTIVE To determine whether prenatal ultrasonographic examination results are associated with abnormal neonatal outcomes in Zika virus-affected pregnancies. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A prospective cohort study conducted at a single regional referral center in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from September 1, 2015, to May 31, 2016, among 92 pregnant women diagnosed during pregnancy with Zika virus infection by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, who underwent subsequent prenatal ultrasonographic and neonatal evaluation. EXPOSURES Prenatal ultrasonography. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary outcome measure was composite adverse neonatal outcome (perinatal death, abnormal finding on neonatal examination, or abnormal finding on postnatal neuroimaging). Secondary outcomes include association of specific findings with neonatal outcomes. RESULTS Of 92 mother-neonate dyads (mean [SD] maternal age, 29.4 [6.3] years), 55 (60%) had normal results and 37 (40%) had abnormal results on prenatal ultrasonographic examinations. The median gestational age at delivery was 38.6 weeks (interquartile range, 37.9-39.3). Of the 45 neonates with composite adverse outcome, 23 (51%) had normal results on prenatal ultrasonography. Eleven pregnant women (12%) had a Zika virus-associated finding that was associated with an abnormal result on neonatal examination (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 11.6; 95% CI, 1.8-72.8), abnormal result on postnatal neuroimaging (aOR, 6.7; 95% CI, 1.1-38.9), and composite adverse neonatal outcome (aOR, 27.2; 95% CI, 2.5-296.6). Abnormal results on middle cerebral artery Doppler ultrasonography were associated with neonatal examination abnormalities (aOR, 12.8; 95% CI, 2.6-63.2), postnatal neuroimaging abnormalities (aOR, 8.8; 95% CI, 1.7-45.9), and composite adverse neonatal outcome (aOR, 20.5; 95% CI, 3.2-132.6). There were 2 perinatal deaths. Abnormal findings on prenatal ultrasonography had a sensitivity of 48.9% (95% CI, 33.7%-64.2%) and a specificity of 68.1% (95% CI, 52.9%-80.1%) for association with composite adverse neonatal outcomes. For a Zika virus-associated abnormal result on prenatal ultrasonography, the sensitivity was lower (22.2%; 95% CI, 11.2%-37.1%) but the specificity was higher (97.9%; 95% CI, 88.7%-99.9%). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Abnormal results on prenatal ultrasonography were associated with adverse outcomes in congenital Zika infection. The absence of abnormal findings on prenatal ultrasonography was not associated with a normal neonatal outcome. Comprehensive evaluation is recommended for all neonates with prenatal Zika virus exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jose Paulo Pereira
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde da Mulher, da Criança e do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira–Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Karin Nielsen-Saines
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Jeffrey Sperling
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Melanie M. Maykin
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Luana Damasceno
- Laboratorio de Doenças Febris Agudas, Instituto de Infectologia Evandro Chagas–Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Renan Fonseca Cardozo
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde da Mulher, da Criança e do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira–Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Helena Abreu Valle
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde da Mulher, da Criança e do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira–Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Ribeiro Torres Dutra
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde da Mulher, da Criança e do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira–Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Helder Dotta Gama
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde da Mulher, da Criança e do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira–Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Kristina Adachi
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Andrea A. Zin
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde da Mulher, da Criança e do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira–Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Irena Tsui
- Jules Stein Eye Institute, Retina Division, UCLA (University of California, Los Angeles)
| | - Zilton Vasconcelos
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde da Mulher, da Criança e do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira–Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Patricia Brasil
- Laboratorio de Doenças Febris Agudas, Instituto de Infectologia Evandro Chagas–Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Maria E. Moreira
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde da Mulher, da Criança e do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira–Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Stephanie L. Gaw
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Chaudhary I, M Tripathi A, Yadav G, Saha S. Effect of Casein Phosphopeptide-amorphous Calcium Phosphate and Calcium Sodium Phosphosilicate on Artificial Carious Lesions: An in vitro Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2017; 10:261-266. [PMID: 29104386 PMCID: PMC5661040 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To compare new remineralizing agents calcium sodium phosphosilicate paste and casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) paste with that of fluoridated toothpaste in remineralization of early carious lesions using scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) analysis. Materials and methods Sixty sound extracted premolars were collected and placed in demineralizing solution for 4 days to produce artificial carious lesions. All specimens were evaluated for any loss of mineral content using SEM-EDX analysis. Samples were randomly assigned to three groups: Group I: Fluoridated toothpaste (control), group II: CPP-ACP paste, and group III: Calcium sodium phosphosilicate paste. Specimens were then treated with above-mentioned remineralizing agents and again measured for mineral content using SEM-EDX analysis. Results Group III (calcium sodium phosphosilicate paste) showed highest significant difference followed in descending order by group II (CPP-ACP paste) and group I (fluoridated toothpaste). Conclusion Calcium sodium phosphosilicate paste showed maximum remineralizing potential compared with CPP-ACP and fluoridated toothpastes. How to cite this article Chaudhary I, Tripathi AM, Yadav G, Saha S. Effect of Casein Phosphopeptide-amorphous Calcium Phosphate and Calcium Sodium Phosphosilicate on Artificial Carious Lesions: An in vitro Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2017;10(3):261-266.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iqra Chaudhary
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Sardar Patel Post Graduate Institute of Dental & Medical Sciences Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abhay M Tripathi
- Professor and Head, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Sardar Patel Post Graduate Institute of Dental & Medical Sciences Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Gunjan Yadav
- Reader, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Sardar Patel Post Graduate Institute of Dental & Medical Sciences Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sonali Saha
- Reader, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Sardar Patel Post Graduate Institute of Dental & Medical Sciences Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Prajapati D, Nayak R, Pai D, Upadhya N, K Bhaskar V, Kamath P. Effect of Resin Infiltration on Artificial Caries: An in vitro Evaluation of Resin Penetration and Microhardness. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2017; 10:250-256. [PMID: 29104384 PMCID: PMC5661038 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To evaluate the effectiveness of resin infiltration on artificial caries lesion by assessing the depth of resin penetration and the change in microhardness of lesion postinfiltration. Materials and methods Totally 45 human extracted premolars were used to create an artificial demineralized lesion in enamel using demineralizing solution. A total of 15 samples (group I) were infiltrated with resin. The depth of resin penetration was studied using scanning electron microscope (SEM). Other half (n = 30) of samples was equally divided into three subgroups and Vickers hardness number (VHN) values were obtained to measure the surface microhardness as group 11 a—before demineralization, 11 b—after demineralization, IIc—postresin infiltration. Results Mean depth of penetration in group I was 516.8 urn. There was statistically significant increase in VHN values of demineralized lesion postresin infiltration (independent Student’s t-test, p < 0.001). Conclusion Penetration depth of the resin infiltrant was deep enough to render beneficial effects, while significant increase in microhardness was observed postresin infiltration. Clinical significance Infiltrant used can be considered as a valid treatment option for noncavitated lesions. How to cite this article Prajapati D, Nayak R, Pai D, Upadhya N, Bhaskar VK, Kamath P. Effect of Resin Infiltration on Artificial Caries: An in vitro Evaluation of Resin Penetration and Microhardness. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2017;10(3):250-256.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deepesh Prajapati
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Pedodontics, NIMS Dental College and Hospital Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Rashmi Nayak
- Professor and Head, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Deepika Pai
- Reader, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Nagraj Upadhya
- Associate Professor, Department of Dental Materials, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Vipin K Bhaskar
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Mahe Institute of Dental Sciences & Hospital, Marie, Puducherry, India
| | - Pujan Kamath
- Private Practitioner, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Sekhri P, Sandhu M, Sachdev V. Emerging Understanding of Emotional Intelligence of Teenagers. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2017; 10:289-292. [PMID: 29104391 PMCID: PMC5661045 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Emotional intelligence (EI) is the ability to use emotions effectively and productively. It is becoming increasingly clear that these skills are one of the primary foundations for better performance of students in classrooms and in the society as well and EI provides the basis for competencies important "in almost every job." So we accessed the EI of teenagers as a guide of their academic score. Study design We analyzed the correlation of academic score to the EI of teenagers in regular schools and part-time unconventional coaching institute using the Bar-On Emotional Quotient questionnaire. Results and conclusion The results of our study showed that empathy and self-actualization were highly developed in students of regular conventional school than those attending part-time unconventional coaching institute. The academic score had a significantly positive correlation with empathy, whereas a significantly negative correlation with interpersonal relations. Empathy, interpersonal relation, and impulsive control were significantly higher in females than males. Therefore by inculcating and working toward development of EI in the young generation, we can hope to achieve a more positive environment. How to cite this article Sekhri P, Sandhu M, Sachdev V. Emerging Understanding of Emotional Intelligence of Teenagers. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2017;10(3):289-292.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Punya Sekhri
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, I.T.S Centre for Dental Studies and Research, Muradnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Meera Sandhu
- Professor, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, I.T.S Centre for Dental Studies and Research, Muradnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vinod Sachdev
- Professor and Head, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, I.T.S Centre for Dental Studies and Research, Muradnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
S Mayall S, Chaudhary S, Kaur H, Manuja N, Ravishankar T, A Sinha A. Comparison of Dermatoglyphic Pattern among Cleft and Noncleft Children: A Cross-sectional Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2017; 10:245-249. [PMID: 29104383 PMCID: PMC5661037 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oral clefts are among the common congenital birth defects with a broad phenotypic gamut. Since the epidermal ridges of the fingers and palms as well as the facial structures like lip, alveolus, and palate are formed from the same embryonic tissues during the same embryonic period, the genetic and environmental factors responsible for causing cleft lip and palate might also affect dermatoglyphic patterns. Aim Thus, study was undertaken to compare the dermato-glyphic pattern of children with orofacial clefts and normal children and to determine the correlation of dermatoglyphics with orofacial clefts. Materials and methods Total study sample consisted of 120 children in the age group of 3 to 16 years being divided into study and control groups. Dermatoglyphic data obtained from both control and study groups were then subjected to statistical analysis. Results Statistically no significant difference was found in the dermatoglyphic pattern and atd angle for both the groups. Conclusion It was observed that dermatoglyphics in orofacial clefts may not be distinctive. Further, large-scale studies are recommended to confirm the same. How to cite this article Mayall SS, Chaudhary S, Kaur H, Manuja N, Ravishankar T, Sinha AA. Comparison of Derma-toglyphic Pattern among Cleft and Noncleft Children: A Cross-sectional Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2017;10(3):245-249.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep S Mayall
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Teerthanker Mahaveer Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Seema Chaudhary
- Professor and Head, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Kothiwal Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Harsimran Kaur
- Reader, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Kothiwal Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Naveen Manuja
- Professor, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Kothiwal Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Telegi Ravishankar
- Reader, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Kothiwal Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ashish A Sinha
- Reader, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Kothiwal Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Adebanjo T, Godfred-Cato S, Viens L, Fischer M, Staples JE, Kuhnert-Tallman W, Walke H, Oduyebo T, Polen K, Peacock G, Meaney-Delman D, Honein MA, Rasmussen SA, Moore CA. Update: Interim Guidance for the Diagnosis, Evaluation, and Management of Infants with Possible Congenital Zika Virus Infection - United States, October 2017. MMWR. MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT 2017; 66:1089-1099. [PMID: 29049277 PMCID: PMC5689094 DOI: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6641a1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
CDC has updated its interim guidance for U.S. health care providers caring for infants with possible congenital Zika virus infection (1) in response to recently published updated guidance for health care providers caring for pregnant women with possible Zika virus exposure (2), unknown sensitivity and specificity of currently available diagnostic tests for congenital Zika virus infection, and recognition of additional clinical findings associated with congenital Zika virus infection. All infants born to mothers with possible Zika virus exposure* during pregnancy should receive a standard evaluation at birth and at each subsequent well-child visit including a comprehensive physical examination, age-appropriate vision screening and developmental monitoring and screening using validated tools (3-5), and newborn hearing screen at birth, preferably using auditory brainstem response (ABR) methodology (6). Specific guidance for laboratory testing and clinical evaluation are provided for three clinical scenarios in the setting of possible maternal Zika virus exposure: 1) infants with clinical findings consistent with congenital Zika syndrome regardless of maternal testing results, 2) infants without clinical findings consistent with congenital Zika syndrome who were born to mothers with laboratory evidence of possible Zika virus infection,† and 3) infants without clinical findings consistent with congenital Zika syndrome who were born to mothers without laboratory evidence of possible Zika virus infection. Infants in the first two scenarios should receive further testing and evaluation for Zika virus, whereas for the third group, further testing and clinical evaluation for Zika virus are not recommended. Health care providers should remain alert for abnormal findings (e.g., postnatal-onset microcephaly and eye abnormalities without microcephaly) in infants with possible congenital Zika virus exposure without apparent abnormalities at birth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Contributors
- Epidemic Intelligence Service, CDC; Division of Bacterial Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, CDC; Eagle Medical Services, LLC; Chickasaw Nation Industries, Inc; Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, CDC; Office of the Director, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, CDC; Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, CDC; Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion; Division of Congenital and Developmental Disorders, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, CDC; Division of Human Development and Disability, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, CDC; Division of Public Health Information Dissemination, Center for Surveillance, Epidemiology and Laboratory Services, CDC
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Nakhjavani YB, Nakhjavani FB, Jafari A. Mesial Stripping of Mandibular Deciduous Canines for Correction of Permanent Lateral Incisors. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2017. [DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
|
18
|
K Suma N, K Shashibhushan K, Subba Reddy VV. Effect of Dentin Disinfection with 2% Chlorhexidine Gluconate and 0.3% Iodine on Dentin Bond Strength: An in vitro Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2017; 10:223-228. [PMID: 29104379 PMCID: PMC5661033 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Cavity preparation is a surgical procedure that attempts to remove all infected dentin.1 Bacteria left beneath the filling material is greatest threat to the pulp. To reduce the potential for residual caries development and sensitivity, an antibacterial solution with the ability to disinfect the prepared tooth surface would be of help.2 So this study was conducted to evaluate and compare the effect of dentin disinfection with 2% chlorhexidine gluconate (Consepsis) and 0.3% iodine (Ora5) on shear bond strength (SBS) of self-etch adhesives to dentin. Materials and methods Buccal surfaces of 36 caries-free permanent third molars were ground to expose dentin. All specimens were mounted on acrylic block, divided randomly into three groups, namely group I (control), group II (Con-sepsis), and group III (Ora5). After the application of cavity disinfectant and bonding procedures as per manufacturer’s instructions, composite cylinders were built. Then SBS was measured using universal testing machine. Results Statistical analysis of the measurements were made using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), which showed that when cavity disinfectants (Consepsis and Ora5) were used there was significant reduction in SBS of composite to dentin when compared with that of control group. Interpretation and conclusion The results indicate that the use of commercially available cavity disinfectants, Consepsis containing 2% chlorhexidine gluconate and Ora5 containing 0.3% iodine and 0.15% potassium iodide with self-etch adhesive (Adper Prompt), would significantly lower SBS of composite to dentin. How to cite this article Suma NK, Shashibhushan KK, Reddy VVS. Effect of Dentin Disinfection with 2% Chlorhexidine Gluconate and 0.3% Iodine on Dentin Bond Strength: An in vitro Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2017;10(3):223-228.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nelamakanahalli K Suma
- Reader, Department of Pediatrics and Preventive Dentistry, V S Dental College & Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Kukkalli K Shashibhushan
- Professor, Department of Pediatrics and Preventive Dentistry, College of Dental Sciences, Davangere, Karnataka, India
| | - V V Subba Reddy
- Director, Department of Pediatrics and Preventive Dentistry, College of Dental Sciences, Davangere, Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Verma N, Bansal A, Tyagi P, Jain A, Tiwari U, Gupta R. Eruption Chronology in Children: A Cross-sectional Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2017; 10:278-282. [PMID: 29104389 PMCID: PMC5661043 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims and objectives The purpose of this study is to determine the appropriate reference standard for eruption timing of primary teeth in infants and preschool children of Bhopal city and to determine the role of various factors affecting the eruption of primary dentition. Materials and methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among the infants and preschool children (4-36 months) attending the local government or private hospitals, and vaccination centers. Prior to the study, Institutional Ethical Committee clearance and informed written consent from the parents were obtained. The data were collected from full-term infants and preschool children of 4 to 36 months from Bhopal city. Oral examination was done under adequate natural light by a single examiner using mouth mirror and probe. Teeth present in the oral cavity were noted by using Federation Dentaire Internationale system of nomenclature in the preformed pro-forma. The teeth were considered as erupted, when any part of its crown had penetrated the gingiva and was visible in the oral cavity. Height, weight, birth weight, and other close-ended questions in questionnaire were asked from parents. Results and conclusion The data collected were statistically analyzed and it was observed that significant relation exists between tooth eruption and birth weight, feeding habits, socioeconomic status, and body mass index (BMI). Based on the findings, it may be concluded that Indian children experienced delayed eruption of primary teeth when compared with children of different countries and standard norms. How to cite this article Verma N, Bansal A, Tyagi P, Jain A, Tiwari U, Gupta R. Eruption Chronology in Children: A Cross-sectional Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2017;10(3):278-282.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neha Verma
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, People's Dental Academy, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Arpana Bansal
- Reader, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, People's Dental Academy, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Parimala Tyagi
- Professor, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, People's Dental Academy, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Ankur Jain
- Reader, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, People's Dental Academy, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Utkarsh Tiwari
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, People's Dental Academy, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Ruchika Gupta
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Community and Preventive Dentistry, People's Dental Academy, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Dutta B, S Dhull K, Das D, Samir PV, K Verma R, Singh N. Evaluation of Antimicrobial Efficacy of various Intracanal Medicaments in Primary Teeth: An in vivo Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2017; 10:267-271. [PMID: 29104387 PMCID: PMC5661041 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Bacteria and their products play a primary etiological role in the initiation and perpetuation of pulpoperiapical pathosis. Intracanal medication is important for endodontic success as it eliminates microorganisms that persist after chemomechanical preparation. Aim To compare antimicrobial efficacy of calcium hydroxide powder, triple antibiotic paste, calcium hydroxide with 2% chlorhexidine solution, and triple antibiotic paste with 2% chlorhexidine solution. Materials and methods A total of 48 nonvital primary teeth were included in this study. After access opening first microbiological sample (s1) was collected by using absorbent paper point introducing into canal. Second microbilogical sample (s2) was taken following chemomechanical preparation and the teeth were divided into four groups: Group I: calcium hydroxide (CH) powder with distilled water; group II: CH with 2% chlorhexidine solution; group III: triple antibiotic powder with distilled water; group IV: triple antibiotic paste with 2% chlorhexidine solution. Then the canals were filled with any one group of the medicament and cavity was temporarily sealed with zinc oxide eugenol. After 1 week, a postmedication sample (s3) was collected. Then the canal was filled with Metapex, restored with glass ionomer cement. Conclusion From the experiments carried out in this study, with the limitations, an inference can be drawn that a combination of antimicrobial agent used as intracanal medicament is definitely better than single agent like Ca(OH)2. How to cite this article Dutta B, Dhull KS, Das D, Samir PV, Verma RK, Singh N. Evaluation of Antimicrobial Efficacy of various Intracanal Medicaments in Primary Teeth: An in vivo Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2017;10(3):267-271.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brahmananda Dutta
- Professor and Head, Department of Pedodontiocs and Preventive Dentistry, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar Odisha, India
| | - Kanika S Dhull
- Reader, Department of Pedodontiocs and Preventive Dentistry, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar Odisha, India
| | - Debasmita Das
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Pedodontiocs and Preventive Dentistry, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar Odisha, India
| | - P V Samir
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Pedodontiocs and Preventive Dentistry, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar Odisha, India
| | - Rajnish K Verma
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Pedodontiocs and Preventive Dentistry, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar Odisha, India
| | - Nipa Singh
- Senior Resident, Department of Microbiology, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar Odisha, India
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Thomas A, Thakur S, Habib R. Comparison of Antimicrobial Efficacy of Green Tea, Garlic with Lime, and Sodium Fluoride Mouth Rinses against Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacilli species, and Candida albicans in Children: A Randomized Double-blind Controlled Clinical Trial. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2017; 10:234-239. [PMID: 29104381 PMCID: PMC5661035 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction With greater awareness worldwide, the use of herbs and herbal products has increased to a large extent. Objective To evaluate and compare the antimicrobial efficacy of green tea, garlic with lime, and 0.05% sodium fluoride (NaF) mouth rinses against Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacilli species, and Candida albicans. Materials and methods A total of 45 children aged 4 to 6 years with severe early childhood caries (S-ECC; based on decayed extracted filled [defs] score) were selected. Children were divided randomly into three equal groups and were asked to rinse with the prescribed mouth rinse once daily for 2 weeks after breakfast under supervision. A base-line and postrinsing nonstimulated whole salivary sample (2 mL) was collected and tested for the number of colony-forming units (CFUs). The data were statistically analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16.0 software with one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s post hoc test. Results A statistically significant fall in colony count was found with the three mouth rinses in S. mutans (p < 0.001, p < 0.001) and Lactobacilli spp. (p < 0.001, p < 0.001), but not against C. albicans (p = 0.264, p = 0.264). On comparison, no statistically significant difference was found against S. mutans (p = 1, p = 0.554, p = 0.572), lactobacilli spp. (p = 0.884, p = 0.999, p = 0.819), and C. albicans (p = 0.999, p = 0.958, p = 0.983). Conclusion The findings of this study indicate that green tea and garlic with lime mouth rinse can be an economical alternative to NaF mouth rinse both for prevention and therapeutics. How to cite this article Thomas A, Thakur S, Habib R. Comparison of Antimicrobial Efficacy of Green Tea, Garlic with Lime, and Sodium Fluoride Mouth Rinses against Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacilli species, and Candida albicans in Children: A Randomized Double-blind Controlled Clinical Trial. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2017;10(3):234-239.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ann Thomas
- Professor, Department of Pedodontics, A.J. Institute of Dental Sciences Mangaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sneha Thakur
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, A.J. Institute of Dental Sciences, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Rishika Habib
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Pedodontics, A.J. Institute of Dental Sciences Mangaluru, Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Sunitha B, Puppala R, Kethineni B, K Mallela M, Peddi R, Tarasingh P. Clinical and Radiographic Evaluation of Four Different Pulpotomy Agents in Primary Molars: A Longitudinal Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2017; 10:240-244. [PMID: 29104382 PMCID: PMC5661036 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The medicament formocresol (FC) used for pulpotomy in primary teeth has great concerns regarding its toxicity due to one of its constituent formaldehyde which acts by tissue fixation. Therefore, new medicaments were introduced which claimed preservation and regeneration of pulp. Aim The present study is aimed to compare and evaluate the clinical and radiographic success of FC, pulpotec, mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), and emdogain (EMD) as pulpotomy medicaments in human primary molars. Design A sample of 21 patients with 84 teeth were selected. All the patients have at least four teeth eligible for pulpotomy according to selection criteria. In each mouth, the teeth selected were randomly allocated into four groups with 21 each. Results After 24 months of follow-up, the clinical success rates were FC (94%), pulpotec (94%), MTA (100%), and EMD (83%) and radiographically FC (88%), pulpotec (83%), MTA (94%), and EMD (72%), which were statistically not significant (p > 0.05). Conclusion The outcome of this study demonstrates MTA has a high success rate compared with FC, pulpotec, and EMD as pulpotomy agent. In addition, MTA, pulpotec, and EMD can be considered as alternatives to FC as pulpotomy agent. How to cite this article Sunitha B, Puppala R, Kethineni B, Mallela MK, Peddi R, Tarasingh P. Clinical and Radiographic Evaluation of Four Different Pulpotomy Agents in Primary Molars: A Longitudinal Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2017;10(3):240-244.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Sunitha
- Assistant Professor, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Sri Venkata Sai Institute of Dental Sciences, Mahbubnagar Telangana, India
| | - Ravindar Puppala
- Professor and Head, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Sri Venkata Sai Institute of Dental Sciences, Mahbubnagar Telangana, India
| | - Balaji Kethineni
- Professor, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Sri Venkata Sai Institute of Dental Sciences, Mahbubnagar Telangana, India
| | - Manoj K Mallela
- Professor, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Sri Venkata Sai Institute of Dental Sciences, Mahbubnagar Telangana, India
| | - Ravigna Peddi
- Associate Professor, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Sri Venkata Sai Institute of Dental Sciences, Mahbubnagar Telangana, India
| | - P Tarasingh
- Assistant Professor, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry Government Dental College, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
|
24
|
Pathak S, Shashibhushan KK, Poornima P, Reddy VS. In vitro Evaluation of Stainless Steel Crowns cemented with Resin-modified Glass Ionomer and Two New Self-adhesive Resin Cements. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2016; 9:197-200. [PMID: 27843249 PMCID: PMC5086005 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS To assess and compare the retentive strength of two dual-polymerized self-adhesive resin cements (RelyX U200, 3M ESPE & SmartCem2, Dentsply Caulk) and a resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC; RelyX Luting 2, 3M ESPE) on stainless steel crown (SSC). MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty extracted teeth were mounted on cold cured acrylic resin blocks exposing the crown till the cemento-enamel junction. Pretrimmed, precontoured SSC was selected for a particular tooth. Standardized tooth preparation for SSC was performed by single operator. The crowns were then luted with either RelyX U200 or SmartCem2 or RelyX Luting 2 cement. Retentive strength was tested using Instron universal testing machine. The retentive strength values were recorded and calculated by the formula: Load/Area. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS One-way analysis of variance was used for multiple comparisons followed by post hoc Tukey's test for groupwise comparisons. Unpaired t-test was used for intergroup comparisons. RESULTS RelyX U200 showed significantly higher retentive strength than rest of the two cements (p < 0.001). No significant difference was found between the retentive strength of SmartCem2 and RelyX Luting 2 (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION The retentive strength of dual-polymerized self-adhesive resin cements was better than RMGIC, and RelyX U200 significantly improved crown retention when compared with SmartCem2 and RelyX Luting 2. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE Pathak S, Shashibhushan KK, Poornima P, Reddy VVS. In vitro Evaluation of Stainless Steel Crowns cemented with Resin-modified Glass Ionomer and Two New Self-adhesive Resin Cements. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2016;9(3):197-200.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sidhant Pathak
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, College of Dental Sciences, Davangere, Karnataka, India
| | - K K Shashibhushan
- Professor, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, College of Dental Sciences, Davangere, Karnataka, India
| | - P Poornima
- Professor and Head, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, College of Dental Sciences, Davangere, Karnataka, India
| | - Vv Subba Reddy
- Professor, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, College of Dental Sciences, Davangere, Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Jaiswara C, Srivastava VK, Dhiman N. Autotransplantation of a Strange Positioned Impacted Central Incisor in a surgically Prepared Socket: A Miracle Esthetic Concept. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2016; 9:269-272. [PMID: 27843261 PMCID: PMC5086017 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Esthetics is a prime concern for a young lady. Any anomaly in the anterior tooth may create anxiety and depression. This anxiety and depression may hamper her married life and overall personality. This case report reveals an unerupted right central incisor situated in a strange position, creating space in the maxillary anterior region and giving an unesthetic appearance. Autotransplantation is a method of choice for a strangely positioned impacted central incisor in a new appropriate site. This method offers a new treatment option for some clinical situations if orthodontic approach is not possible. It permits tooth movement to a distant or the opposite side of the same dental arch as well as to the opposite jaw. This procedure also offers potential benefits of reestablishment of normal alveolar process development, esthetics, functions, and arch integrity. This procedure has the potential to become a viable alternative treatment plan for young patients of low socioeconomic status, allowing the reestablish-ment and restoration of a missing tooth and their functions. This article discusses methods of auto-reimplantation of a tooth in a fresh surgically prepared socket, its biological principle, and establishment of functions, esthetics, and phonetics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chandresh Jaiswara
- Assistant Professor, Department of Oral Surgery, Faculty of Dental Sciences Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vinay K Srivastava
- Associate Professor, Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Neeraj Dhiman
- Assistant Professor, Department of Oral Surgery, Faculty of Dental Sciences Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Yadav RD, Raisingani D, Jindal D, Mathur R. A Comparative Analysis of Different Finishing and Polishing Devices on Nanofilled, Microfilled, and Hybrid Composite: A Scanning Electron Microscopy and Profilometric Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2016; 9:201-208. [PMID: 27843250 PMCID: PMC5086006 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The continuous development of esthetically acceptable adhesive restorative material has made a variety of tooth-colored materials available for clinical use. The advent of visible light polymerizing resin and the use of finer filler particles permit resin composites to be polished to higher degree. The effect of polishing systems on surface finish has been reported to be material-dependent, and the effectiveness of these systems was mostly product-dependent. Hence, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of finishing and polishing systems on the surface roughness of nanofilled, microfilled, and hybrid composite restorative materials available in the market. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE Yadav RD, Raisingani D, Jindal D, Mathur R. A Comparative Analysis of Different Finishing and Polishing Devices on Nanofilled, Microfilled, and Hybrid Composite: A Scanning Electron Microscopy and Profilometric Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2016;9(3):201-208.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rishi D Yadav
- Reader, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, New Horizon Dental College and Research Institute, Bilaspur Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Deepak Raisingani
- Professor and Head, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics Mahatma Gandhi Dental College and Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan India
| | - Divya Jindal
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics Mahatma Gandhi Dental College and Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan India
| | - Rachit Mathur
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics Mahatma Gandhi Dental College and Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan India
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Somani R, Jaidka S, Singh DJ, Sibal GK. Comparative Evaluation of Shear Bond Strength of Various Glass Ionomer Cements to Dentin of Primary Teeth: An in vitro Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2016; 9:192-196. [PMID: 27843248 PMCID: PMC5086004 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To evaluate and compare shear bond strength of various glass ionomer cements (GICs) to dentin of primary teeth. Materials and methods Sample size taken for the study was 72 deciduous molars with intact buccal or lingual surfaces. Samples were randomly divided into three groups, i.e., groups A, B, and C and were restored with conventional type II GIC, type II light cure (LC) GIC, and type IX GIC respectively. Thermocycling was done to simulate oral conditions. After 24 hours, shear bond strength was determined using Instron Universal testing Machine at crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/ minute until fracture. Results were tabulated and statistically analyzed. Results It was found that the shear bond strength was highest in group B (LC GIC) 9.851 ± 1.620 MPa, followed by group C (type IX GIC) 7.226 ± 0.877 MPa, and was lowest in group A (conventional GIC) 4.931 ± 0.9735 MPa. Conclusion Light cure GIC was significantly better than type IX GIC and conventional GIC in terms of shear bond strength. How to cite this article Somani R, Jaidka S, Singh DJ, Sibal GK. Comparative Evaluation of Shear Bond Strength of Various Glass Ionomer Cements to Dentin of Primary Teeth: An in vitro Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2016;9(3):192-196.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rani Somani
- Head, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, DJ College of Dental Sciences and Research, Modinagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shipra Jaidka
- Professor, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, DJ College of Dental Sciences and Research, Modinagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Deepti J Singh
- Reader, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, DJ College of Dental Sciences and Research, Modinagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Gurleen K Sibal
- Student, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, DJ College of Dental Sciences and Research, Modinagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Hassan AF, Yadav G, Tripathi AM, Mehrotra M, Saha S, Garg N. A Comparative Evaluation of the Efficacy of Different Caries Excavation Techniques in reducing the Cariogenic Flora: An in vivo Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2016; 9:214-217. [PMID: 27843252 PMCID: PMC5086008 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Caries excavation is a noninvasive technique of caries removal with maximum preservation of healthy tooth structure. Aim To compare the efficacy of three different caries excavation techniques in reducing the count of cariogenic flora. Materials and methods Sixty healthy primary molars were selected from 26 healthy children with occlusal carious lesions without pulpal involvement and divided into three groups in which caries excavation was done with the help of (1) carbide bur; (2) polymer bur using slow-speed handpiece; and (3) ultrasonic tip with ultrasonic machine. Samples were collected before and after caries excavation for microbiological analysis with the help of sterile sharp spoon excavator. Samples were inoculated on blood agar plate and incubated at 37°C for 48 hours. After bacterial cultivation, the bacterial count of Streptococcus mutans was obtained. Statistical analysis All statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 13 statistical software version. Kruskal-Wallis analysis of variance, Wilcoxon matched pairs test, and Z test were performed to reveal the statistical significance. Results The decrease in bacterial count of S. mutans before and after caries excavation was significant (p < 0.001) in all the three groups. Conclusion Carbide bur showed most efficient reduction in cariogenic flora, while ultrasonic tip showed almost comparable results, while polymer bur showed least reduction in cariogenic flora after caries excavation. How to cite this article Hassan AF, Yadav G, Tripathi AM, Mehrotra M, Saha S, Garg N. A Comparative Evaluation of the Efficacy of Different Caries Excavation Techniques in reducing the Cariogenic Flora: An in vivo Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2016;9(3):214-217.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Afrah Fatima Hassan
- Student, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry Sardar Patel Post Graduate Institute of Dental and Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Gunjan Yadav
- Reader, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry Sardar Patel Post Graduate Institute of Dental and Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abhay Mani Tripathi
- Professor, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry Sardar Patel Post Graduate Institute of Dental and Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mridul Mehrotra
- Professor, Department of Microbiology, Sardar Patel Post Graduate Institute of Dental and Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sonali Saha
- Reader, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry Sardar Patel Post Graduate Institute of Dental and Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nishita Garg
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry Sardar Patel Post Graduate Institute of Dental and Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Sekhon HK, Sircar K, Kaur G, Marwah M. Evaluation of Role of Myofibroblasts in Oral Cancer: A Systematic Review. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2016; 9:233-239. [PMID: 27843256 PMCID: PMC5086012 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To conduct a systematic review on the role of myofibroblasts in progression of oral cancer. The myofibroblast is essential for the integrity of the mammalian body by virtue of its role in wound healing, but it also plays a negative role due to their role in promoting tumor development. Settings and design Systematic review. Materials and methods Bibliographic searches were conducted in several electronic databases using all publications in PubMed, PubMed central, EMBASE, CancerLit, Google scholar, and Cochrane CCTR between 1990 and June 2015. Results The search of all publications from various electronic databases revealed 1,371 citations. The total number of studies considered for systematic review was 43. The total number of patients included in the studies was 990. Conclusion Myofibroblasts are a significant component in stroma of oral cancer cases, though not identified in all cases. This systematic review shows that clinical, pathological, and immunohistochemistry tests have correlated the presence of high myofibroblast count in oral cancer cell stroma. Key Messages Myofibroblasts play a significant role in oral cancer invasion and progression. Various studies have demonstrated their association with oral cancer. This review tends to highlight their role in the pathogenesis of oral cancer over the decade. How to cite this article Sekhon HK, Sircar K, Kaur G, Marwah M. Evaluation of Role of Myofibroblasts in Oral Cancer: A Systematic Review. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2016;9(3):233-239.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harjeet K Sekhon
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, D.J. College of Dental Sciences & Research, Modinagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Keya Sircar
- Head, Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Gurbani Kaur
- Ex-post Graduate Student, Department of Periodontology, Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Muneet Marwah
- Postgraduate, Department of Prosthodontics, Government Dental College Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Bhardwaj B, Sharma S, Chitlangia P, Agarwal P, Bhamboo A, Rastogi K. Mandibular Dentigerous Cyst in a 10-Year-Old Child. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2016; 9:281-284. [PMID: 27843264 PMCID: PMC5086020 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Dentigerous cyst is the most common odontogenic cyst. It is characterized by a unilocular radiolucent lesion that encloses permanent tooth buds or, under certain circumstances, displaced tooth buds. Buccal bony expansion and a missing tooth is the most common clinical feature. Various treatment modalities have been mentioned in the literature for management of dentigerous cysts. This article presents a left mandibular dentigerous cyst in a 10-year-old boy. Marsupialization was the treatment of choice and a denturelike space maintainer was provided. Long-term follow-up revealed good healing of the bony lesion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bindu Bhardwaj
- Professor, Department of Oral Surgery, Mahatma Gandhi Dental College and Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sunil Sharma
- Professor and Head, Department of Oral Surgery, Mahatma Gandhi Dental College and Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Punit Chitlangia
- Reader, Department of Oral Surgery, Mahatma Gandhi Dental College and Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Prateek Agarwal
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Oral Surgery, Mahatma Gandhi Dental College and Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Amit Bhamboo
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Oral Surgery, Mahatma Gandhi Dental College and Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Komal Rastogi
- Private Consultant, Department of Oral Surgery, Rajasthan India
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Godhi B, Tyagi R. Success Rate of MTA Pulpotomy on Vital Pulp of Primary Molars: A 3-Year Observational Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2016; 9:222-227. [PMID: 27843254 PMCID: PMC5086010 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Vital pulp therapy is a major contributor in the preservation of primary dentition after caries affliction. Introduction of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) has revolutionized such treatment. Aim The aim of our study was to evaluate and correlate the effects of MTA clinically and radiographically on pulpotomized primary molars till their exfoliation or extraction followed by histological evaluation. Study design This is an observational study. Materials and methods A total of 25 teeth were selected from 5- to 8-year-old children requiring pulp therapy on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criterion. The teeth were treated by conventional pulpotomy technique under aseptic conditions using MTA and were immediately restored with stainless steel crown. The teeth were assessed postoperatively till 36 months. The exfoliated or extracted teeth were examined histologically. Results The pulpotomized teeth were vital with no adverse clinical findings during the observation period. After 3 months, one tooth showed internal resorption, but the same was not observed after 12 months. Pulp canal obliteration was seen in three cases. At the end of the study, five teeth were exfoliated and one tooth was extracted for maintaining arch symmetry. The histological examination of extracted tooth revealed the presence of healthy pulp and the area of true calcification. Remaining exfoliated teeth presented dentin bridge formation. Statistics Frequencies and percentages were used for descriptive statistics. Fisher’s exact tests were used to see the difference between clinical and radiological findings. The probability value was fixed at 5% level of significance. Conclusion The response of pulp in primary teeth to MTA was favorable in all cases from clinical and radiographic perspective, and histological evaluation confirmed the observation. How to cite this article Godhi B, Tyagi R. Success Rate of MTA Pulpotomy on Vital Pulp of Primary Molars: A 3-Year Observational Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2016;9(3):222-227.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brinda Godhi
- Reader, Department of Pedodontics, JSS Dental College and Hospital Sri Jagadguru Sri Shivarathreeshwara University, Mysuru Karnataka, India
| | - Rishi Tyagi
- Associate Professor, Department of Pedodontics, UCMS and GTB Hospital, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Kapoor A, Indushekar KR, Saraf BG, Sheoran N, Sardana D. Comparative Evaluation of Remineralizing Potential of Three Pediatric Dentifrices. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2016; 9:186-191. [PMID: 27843247 PMCID: PMC5086003 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Dentifrices are available in different formulations and more commonly a single dentifrice is used by whole family; be it an adult or child. However, concerns over high fluoride in pediatric formulations coupled with inability of the children to spit have led to recommendations to minimize fluoride ingestion during toothbrushing by using a small amount of toothpaste by children and incorporating minimal quantity of fluoride in the toothpastes. Literature is scarce on the remineralization potential of popularly known Indian pediatric dentifrices; hence, pediatric dentifrices containing lesser concentration of fluoride have been marketed relatively recently for the benefit of children without posing a threat of chronic fluoride toxicity at the same time. Aim and objectives The present study was undertaken to evaluate and compare the remineralization potential of three commercially available Indian pediatric dentifrices with different compositions on artificially induced carious lesions in vitro through scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Materials and methods The present in vitro study was conducted on 45 sound extracted primary molar surfaces divided into three groups (15 each). Artificial demineralization was carried out, followed by remineralization using dentifrice slurry as per the group allocation. All the samples were studied for remineralization using SEM and the results statistically compared. Results All three dentifrices tested showed remineralization; although insignificantly different from each other but significantly higher compared to the demineralizing surface. Conclusion One can use pediatric dentifrices for preventing dental caries and decelerating lesion progression with an added advantage of lower fluoride toxicity risk. How to cite this article Kapoor A, Indushekar KR, Saraf BG, Sheoran N, Sardana D. Comparative Evaluation of Remineralizing Potential of Three Pediatric Dentifrices. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2016;9(3):186-191.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashna Kapoor
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Sudha Rustagi College of Dental Sciences and Research, Faridabad Haryana, India
| | - K R Indushekar
- Professor and Head, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Sudha Rustagi College of Dental Sciences and Research, Faridabad Haryana, India
| | - Bhavna G Saraf
- Professor, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Sudha Rustagi College of Dental Sciences and Research, Faridabad Haryana, India
| | - Neha Sheoran
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Sudha Rustagi College of Dental Sciences and Research, Faridabad Haryana, India
| | - Divesh Sardana
- Senior Resident, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Swadas M, Dave B, Vyas SM, Shah N. Evaluation and Comparison of the Antibacterial Activity against Streptococcus mutans of Grape Seed Extract at Different Concentrations with Chlorhexidine Gluconate: An in vitro Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2016; 9:181-185. [PMID: 27843246 PMCID: PMC5086002 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Streptococcus mutans has been implicated as primary microorganisms which cause dental caries in humans. There has been an increased interest in the therapeutic properties of some medicinal plants and natural compounds which have demonstrated antibacterial activities. Grape is one of the plants of this group which contains tannin and polyphenolic compound. AIM To evaluate and compare antibacterial activity of grape seed extract at different concentrations with chlorhexidine gluconate against S. mutans. MATERIALS AND METHODS Grape seeds were extracted with ethanol/water ratio of 70:30 volume/volume. The extracts were filtered through Whatman No. 1 filter paper until it becomes colorless. Streptococcus mutans strains were taken. To check the antimicrobial properties of grape seed extract at different concentration and chlorhexidine gluconate, they were added to S. mutans strain and incubated for 48 hours than colony-forming units/mL were checked. RESULTS Grape seed extract at higher concentration were found to be more potent against S. mutans. Chlorhexidine gluconate was found to have most potent antibacterial action compared to all different concentrations of grape seed extract. CONCLUSION Grape seed extract as a natural antimicrobial compound has inhibitory effect against S. mutans. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE Swadas M, Dave B, Vyas SM, Shah N. Evaluation and Comparison of the Antibacterial Activity against Streptococcus mutans of Grape Seed Extract at Different Concentrations with Chlorhexidine Gluconate: An in vitro Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2016;9(3):181-185.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Milan Swadas
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry Narsinhbhai Patel Dental College and Hospital, Visnagar Gujarat, India
| | - Bhavna Dave
- Professor and Head, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, KM Shah Dental College and Hospital, Sumadeep Vidyapeeth University, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - Soham M Vyas
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, KM Shah Dental College and Hospital, Sumadeep Vidyapeeth University, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - Nupur Shah
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, KM Shah Dental College and Hospital, Sumadeep Vidyapeeth University, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Gurunathan D, Murugan M, Somasundaram S. Management and Sequelae of Intruded Anterior Primary Teeth: A Systematic Review. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2016; 9:240-250. [PMID: 27843257 PMCID: PMC5086013 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The objective of this systematic review is to analyze the various treatment modalities and sequelae of intruded anterior primary teeth. Materials and methods Electronic search in PubMed, Cochrane, and Science Direct databases was done. Hand search was performed using the reference list of chosen articles from electronic search. Three reviewers analyzed the articles independently, assessed the quality of the studies, and derived data. Results Ten case series were identified from the electronic and hand search. No randomized control studies were available. In the observational studies treatment of intruded primary teeth ranged from conservative management, which includes waiting for spontaneous re-eruption as well as repositioning to invasive procedure, such as extraction. Conclusion Spontaneous eruption is a treatment option of intruded primary teeth in absence of damage to a permanent tooth. Surgical repositioning of intruded primary teeth has also shown as a viable alternative treatment modality. Extraction to be performed if complications develop. How to cite this article Gurunathan D, Murugan M, Somasundaram S. Management and Sequelae of Intruded Anterior Primary Teeth: A Systematic Review. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2016;9(3):240-250.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deepa Gurunathan
- Reader, Department of Pedodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Muthu Murugan
- Professor, Department of Pedodontics, Sri Ramachandra Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sujatha Somasundaram
- Reader, Department of Pedodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Koya S, Ravichandra KS, Arunkumar VA, Sahana S, Pushpalatha HM. Prevalence of Early Childhood Caries in Children of West Godavari District, Andhra Pradesh, South India: An Epidemiological Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2016; 9:251-255. [PMID: 27843258 PMCID: PMC5086014 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To determine the prevalence of early childhood caries (ECC) and its risk factors in children of West Godavari district, Andhra Pradesh. Study design A sample of 1,897 children between 24 and 71 months of age based on stratified cluster random sampling were clinically examined for dental caries using mouth mirror under day light. The parents/caregivers of each child were interviewed with a structured questionnaire. Data was analyzed using independent sample Student’s t-test and chi-square test. Results Out of the total 1,897 children, 796 were affected with ECC showing an overall prevalence of 41.9%, with boys showing a higher prevalence rate of 44.8% compared to girls (39.9%). Statistically significant correlations were found between ECC and consumption of sugary snacks (p < 0.0001) and mouth rinsing habit (p < 0.001). Conclusion A higher prevalence of ECC was observed and most of the teeth were not restored. How to cite this article Koya S, Ravichandra KS, Arunkumar VA, Sahana S, Pushpalatha HM. Prevalence of Early Childhood Caries in Children of West Godavari District, Andhra Pradesh, South India: An Epidemiological Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2016;9(3):251-255.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Srikanth Koya
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Pedodontics, Drs. Sudha & Nageswara Rao Siddhartha Institute of Dental Sciences, Allapuram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - K S Ravichandra
- Professor and Head, Department of Pedodontics, Drs. Sudha & Nageswara Rao Siddhartha Institute of Dental Sciences, Allapuram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Vasa A Arunkumar
- Reader, Department of Pedodontics, St. Joseph Dental College Duggirala, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Suzan Sahana
- Reader, Department of Pedodontics, St. Joseph Dental College Duggirala, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - H M Pushpalatha
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Pedodontics, Al-Badar Rural Dental College and Hospital, Kalaburagi, Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Siddiqui F, Karkare S. Sealing Ability of Nano-ionomer in Primary Teeth: An ex vivoStudy. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2016; 9:209-213. [PMID: 27843251 PMCID: PMC5086007 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Microleakage is an important consideration in primary dentition because the floor of the cavity preparation may be close to the pulp. The added insult to the pulp caused by seepage of irritants around the restoration and through the thin dentin may produce irreversible pulp damage. Aim The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the sealing ability of three light cured (LC) resin-modified glass-ionomer cements (RMGICs) in primary anterior teeth. Materials and methods Class V cavity was prepared on the labial surface of extracted primary anterior teeth which were then grouped and restored with Ketac N100, Fuji II LC, or Vitremer. Dye penetration test with methylene blue stain was used to record the microleakage. Depth of dye penetration was recorded in millimeters at the incisal and gingival margin using computer software. Results The depth of dye penetration at the incisal margin in the three groups was comparable, but at the gingival margin, Vitremer showed the least dye penetration, followed by Fuji II LC, and Ketac N100. The depth of dye penetration at the gingival margin was higher than the incisal margins in all the three groups. Conclusion Among the three RMGICs, Vitremer can be considered as the material of choice for restoring class V cavities in primary anterior teeth. Periodic recall and recare is necessary when any of the three materials are used in clinical practice. How to cite this article Siddiqui F, Karkare S. Sealing Ability of Nano-ionomer in Primary Teeth: An ex vivo Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2016;9(3):209-213.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fawaz Siddiqui
- Lecturer, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College & Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Swati Karkare
- Professor, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, MGV’s KBH Dental College and Hospital, Nashik, Maharashtra, India
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Bhat SS, Hegde SK, Bhat VS, Ramya KM, Jodalli PS. Acidogenic Potential of Plain Milk, Milk with Sugar, Milk with Cornflakes and Milk Cornflakes with Sugar: A Comparative Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2016; 9:218-221. [PMID: 27843253 PMCID: PMC5086009 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim To compare the acidogenic potential of plain milk, milk with sugar, milk with cornflakes, and milk cornflakes with sugar by assessing the salivary pH. Materials and methods The study was carried out on 40 school children of 8 to 12 years; 20 boys and 20 girls were randomly selected. The salivary pH was assessed before and after the consumption of milk; milk and sugar; milk and cornflakes; and milk, sugar, and cornflakes. Baseline unstimulated saliva was collected in sterile plastic tube and the pH was recorded. The change in the salivary pH from the respective groups after consuming the test meal was recorded as follows: (1) after 5 minutes; (2) after 10 minutes; (3) after 15 minutes; (4) after 30 minutes; (5) 120 minutes. Statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 18.0 (SPSS). Results The average baseline salivary pH among all the groups was 7.26. A fall in pH at 5 minutes was seen in all the four groups. However, at different time intervals 5, 10, 15, 30, and 120 minutes, the pH values between the groups showed a significant difference at p < 00.7, 0.005, 0.001, 0.010, and 0.028 respectively. Conclusion The fall in pH in all the groups was not significant to a limit of critical pH. Milk when added with sugar and/or cornflakes as a meal did not pose a threat as there was not significant decrease in pH. How to cite this article Bhat SS, Hegde SK, Bhat VS, Ramya KM, Jodalli PS. Acidogenic Potential of Plain Milk, Milk with Sugar, Milk with Cornflakes, and Milk Cornflakes with Sugar: A Comparative Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2016;9(3):218-221.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sham S Bhat
- Head, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry Yenepoya Dental College, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sundeep K Hegde
- Professor, Department of Pedodontics, Yenepoya Dental College Mangaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Vidya S Bhat
- Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Yenepoya Dental College Mangaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - KM Ramya
- Assistant Professor, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, A.J Institute of Dental Science, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Praveen S Jodalli
- Reader, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Yenepoya Dental College, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Tandon S, Chauhan Y, Sharma M, Jain M. Gorlin-Goltz Syndrome: A Rare Case Report of a 11-Year-Old Child. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2016; 9:264-268. [PMID: 27843260 PMCID: PMC5086016 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Gorlin-Goltz Syndrome, also known as nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (NBCCS), is an autosomal dominant trait caused due to mutations in the patched tumor suppressor gene (PTCH) gene found on the long arm of chromosome 9. The syndrome is characterized by the presence of odontogenic keratocysts (OKCs), basal cell carcinomas, and skeletal malformations. Early diagnosis of the syndrome can be done by pedodontist as OKC is one of the early manifestations of the syndrome. Early diagnosis and treatment is important for long-term prognosis of the syndrome by reducing the severity of cutaneous carcinomas and deformities due to jaw cyst. The present case describes an 11-year-old patient with some typical features of NBCCS, which were diagnosed through its oral and maxillofacial manifestations. This case emphasizes the importance of pedodontist in early recognition of the syndrome. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE Tandon S, Chauhan Y, Sharma M, Jain M. Gorlin-Goltz Syndrome: A Rare Case Report of a 11-Year-Old Child. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2016;9(3):264-268.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Tandon
- Senior Professor and Head, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, RUHS College of Dental Sciences, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Yashwant Chauhan
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, RUHS College of Dental Sciences, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Meenakshi Sharma
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, RUHS College of Dental Sciences, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Manish Jain
- Associate Professor, Department of Oral Pathology, NIMS Dental College, Jaipur Rajasthan, India
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Chatzistefanou I, Kabesi S, Paraskevopoulos K, Koliouskas D, Antoniades K. Ewing's Sarcoma of Mandible: An Impressive Case of Spontaneous Mandible Regeneration. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2016; 9:273-277. [PMID: 27843262 PMCID: PMC5086018 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Ewing's sarcoma (ES) is an uncommon aggressive bone malignancy that mainly affects children and adolescents. Mandible involvement is quite rare and usually represents metastasis from another skeletal site. Combined therapy including wide surgical resection and preoperative and postoperative chemotherapy has been demonstrated as the mainstay of therapeutic approach. As improved therapeutic modalities have significantly increased survival over the last decades, functional and esthetic reconstruction of the postmandibulectomy defect is usually necessary for patient's total rehabilitation. We report a case of ES of the mandible with special consideration to the postresection spontaneous structural and functional regeneration of the mandible. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE Chatzistefanou I, Kabesi S, Paraskevopoulos K, Koliouskas D, Antoniades K. Ewing's Sarcoma of Mandible: An Impressive Case of Spontaneous Mandible Regeneration. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2016;9(3):273-277.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Chatzistefanou
- Resident, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Papanikolaou General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Sotiria Kabesi
- Student, Dental School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Paraskevopoulos
- Resident, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Papanikolaou General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Koliouskas
- Consultant and Chief, Department of Pediatrics, Hippokration General Hospital of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Antoniades
- Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Papanikolaou General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Mahantesha T, Dixit UB, Nayakar RP, Ashwin D, Ramagoni NK, Kamavaram Ellore VP. Prevalence of Dental Fluorosis and associated Risk Factors in Bagalkot District, Karnataka, India. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2016; 9:256-263. [PMID: 27843259 PMCID: PMC5086015 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION An earlier epidemiological study by these authors revealed fluorosis at very low levels of fluoride concentrations in drinking water. AIM The objective of present study was to investigate risk factors of dental fluorosis in permanent teeth in the villages of northern Karnataka, India. MATERIALS AND METHODS The present survey was carried out in three villages of Hungund Taluk, Bagalkot District, Karnataka, India, with the fluoride concentration of 0.136, 0.381, and 1.36 ppm. Children aged between 9 and 15, with permanent teeth, were examined for dental fluorosis using Dean's index, as per WHO criteria. Required relevant information regarding risk factors was obtained through a questionnaire. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Data entry and analysis were performed using SPSS for Windows 16.0. Comparison of means of different indices by the three groups was performed using ANOVA and t-test (p < 0.05). Bivariate analysis was performed to identify significant risk factors that affected prevalence and severity of dental fluorosis. Those variables showing a statistically significant association (p < 0.05) on χ2 were entered into multiple logistic regressions to assess their independent effects. RESULTS In this study, we analyzed risk factors for both prevalence and severity of fluorosis. From multiple logistic regression analysis, only fluoride concentration in drinking water was found significant with prevalence of fluorosis and only nutritional status showed significant association with severity of fluorosis. CONCLUSION Presence or absence of dental fluorosis in permanent teeth was significantly associated with fluoride concentration in drinking water. Once present, its severity was determined by nutritional status of the children - malnourished children exhibiting severe form of fluorosis. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE Mahantesha T, Dixit UB, Nayakar RP, Ashwin D Ramagoni NK, Ellore VPK. Prevalence of Dental Fluorosis and associated Risk Factors in Bagalkot District, Karnataka, India. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2016;9(3):256-263.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taranatha Mahantesha
- Professor and Head, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Navodaya Dental College & Hospital, Raichur, Karnataka, India
| | - Uma B Dixit
- Professor, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College & Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ramesh P Nayakar
- Reader, Department of Prosthodontics, KLE Vishwanath Katti Institute of Dental Sciences, Belagavi, Karnataka, India
| | - Devasya Ashwin
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Kannur Dental College, Anjarakandy, Kerala, India
| | - Naveen K Ramagoni
- Professor, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Navodaya Dental College & Hospital, Raichur, Karnataka, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Goswami M, Bhushan U, Jangra B. Goldenhar Syndrome: A Case Report with Review. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2016; 9:278-280. [PMID: 27843263 PMCID: PMC5086019 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Goldenhar syndrome is a rare condition which is characterized by a multitude of anomalies involving craniofacial structures, vertebrae, internal organs and usually occurs unilaterally. The etiology of this syndrome is unclear since it varies genetically and is linked to a plethora of reasons. Herein, we report a case of Goldenhar syndrome with hemifacial microsomia and microtia along with systemic involvement which was clinically and radio-graphically assessed. Many classical signs of the syndrome were present in the patient along with few rare ones. The various aspects of this rare disease have been discussed with emphasis on timely diagnosis and multidisciplinary approach to manage it. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE Goswami M, Bhushan U, Jangra B. Goldenhar Syndrome: A Case Report with Review. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2016;9(3):278-280.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mridula Goswami
- Professor and Head, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry Maulana Azad Institute of Dental Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Urvashi Bhushan
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry Maulana Azad Institute of Dental Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Babita Jangra
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry Maulana Azad Institute of Dental Sciences, Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Suresh KS, Kumar P, Javanaiah N, Shantappa S, Srivastava P. Primary Oral Health Care in India: Vision or Dream? Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2016; 9:228-232. [PMID: 27843255 PMCID: PMC5086011 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The contemporary approach to dental caries management in children focuses on prevention than treatment. Pediatricians, general dentists and pediatric dentists must be involved in a detailed preventive program, which includes prenatal counselling, treatment of expectant mothers at risk for dental caries, infant oral health care and the establishment of the dental home, so that dental disease can be prevented in infants, starting at a young age. Various health care system and organizations in India must join together to promote oral health care for all the children and specially focused toward children from disadvantaged background and children with special health care needs. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE Suresh KS, Kumar P, Javanaiah N, Shantappa S, Srivastava P. Primary Oral Health Care in India: Vision or Dream? Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2016;9(3):228-232.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kotumachagi S Suresh
- Professor and Head, Department of Pedodontics, Government Dental College and Research Institute, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Pravin Kumar
- Postgraduate, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry Government Dental College and Research Institute, Bengaluru Karnataka, India
| | - Nagarathna Javanaiah
- Lecturer and Assistant Professor, Department of Pedodontics, Government Dental College and Research Institute, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Shruti Shantappa
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Pedodontics, Government Dental College and Research Institute, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Pooja Srivastava
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Pedodontics, Government Dental College and Research Institute, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
|
44
|
Pavuluri C, Nuvvula S. Management of Traumatic Injury to Maxillary Central Incisors associated with Inverted Mesiodens: A Case Report. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2013; 6:30-2. [PMID: 25206184 PMCID: PMC4034634 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Accepted: 03/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Maxillary incisors are the most frequently injured teeth in the primary and permanent dentition. Stage of adolescence show a significant number of dental injuries as they engage in contact sports. Children with accident prone profile, i.e. class II division I or class I type II malocclusion are more prone for injuries because of the proclined maxillary incisors. Supernumerary teeth are those that are additional to the normal complement. They occur in single or multiple, unilateral or bilateral in either of the jaws. This paper reports the presence of an inverted supernumerary tooth in the right maxillary central incisor region with trauma involving both maxillary central incisors and also the management of the supernumerary tooth and traumatized teeth in a 14-year-old boy. How to cite this article: Pavuluri C, Nuvvula S. Management of Traumatic Injury to Maxillary Central Incisors associated with Inverted Mesiodens: A Case Report. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2013;6(1):30-32.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chaitanya Pavuluri
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry Drs Sudha & Nageswara Rao Siddhartha Institute of Dental Sciences Gannavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Sivakumar Nuvvula
- Professor and Head, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Narayana Dental College and Hospital, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Kumar GR, Jyothsna M, Ahmed SB, Lakshmi KS. Crouzon's Syndrome: A Case Report. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2013; 6:33-7. [PMID: 25206185 PMCID: PMC4034637 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Accepted: 03/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Crouzon's syndrome (CS) is a rare autosomal dominant condition with multiple mutations of the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR2) gene, which accounts for 4.8% of all cases of craniosynostosis. It is characterized by premature closure of cranial sutures, cranial deformities, midface hypoplasia, relative mandibular prognathism, hypertelorism, proptosis, strabismus and short upper lip, crowding of teeth, pseudocleft or sometimes cleft palate and other associated abnormalities. The CS can vary in severity from mild presentation to severe forms involving multiple cranial sutures. We report a case of CS in 11-year-old boy. How to cite this article: Kumar GR, Jyothsna M, Ahmed SB, Lakshmi KS, Crouzon's Syndrome: A Case Report. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2013;6(1):33-37.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Ravi Kumar
- Associate Professor, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Government Dental College and Hospital, Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Kadapa, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - M Jyothsna
- Associate Professor, Department of Oral Pathology, Government Dental College and Hospital, Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Kadapa, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Syed Basheer Ahmed
- Associate Professor, Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridge, Government Dental College and Hospital, Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Kadapa, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - K Sree Lakshmi
- Tutor, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Government Dental College and Hospital, Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Kadapa Andhra Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Hegde KS, Bhat SS, Rao A, Sain S. Effect of Propolis on Streptococcus mutans Counts: An in vivo Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2013; 6:22-5. [PMID: 25206182 PMCID: PMC4034638 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2012] [Accepted: 03/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Propolis, a natural antibiotic, is a resinous substance that honey bees (Apis mellifera) produce. The main chemical classes present in propolis are flavonoids, phenolics and other various aromatic compounds. Aim: To evaluate the antibacterial action of propolis on the concentration of Streptococcus mutans colonizing the oral cavity of children. Materials and methods: Thirty children performed the rinses, with no other changes in their oral hygiene and dietary habits. Saliva was collected at two time points: Before using the product, 1 hour after the rinse. Results: Paired t-test was used for analysis of the results. A reduction in the concentration of Streptococcus mutans was observed in samples collected after use of the extract. There was a reduction in Streptococcus mutans count when compared to samples obtained in baseline. Significant reductions were seen at the end of 1 hour. The result was statistically significant. There were no side effects in soft and hard tissues of mouth. Conclusion and clinical implication: The propolis possesses in vivo antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus mutans present in the oral cavity and might be used as a measure to prevent dental caries. How to cite this article: Hegde KS, Bhat SS, Rao A, Sain S. Effect of Propolis on Streptococcus mutans Counts: An in vivo Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2013;6(1):22-25.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Sundeep Hegde
- Professor, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry Yenepoya Dental College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Sham S Bhat
- Professor and Head, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Yenepoya Dental College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Ajay Rao
- Reader, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Yenepoya Dental College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Shaniya Sain
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Yenepoya Dental College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Rohilla K, Ramesh V, Balamurali P, Singh N. Oral melanoacanthoma of a rare intraoral site: case report and review of literature. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2013; 6:40-3. [PMID: 25206187 PMCID: PMC4034627 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2013] [Accepted: 03/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral melanoacanthoma is rare pigmented mucosal lesion that presents most commonly on the buccal mucosa, characterized by sudden appearance and rapid radial growth, thus clinically mimicking malignant melanoma. It was originally described as a mixed tumor of melanocytes and keratinocytes, but appears to be a reactive process; formed in areas prone to trauma, and regressing after the removal of trauma or incomplete excision. The clinical appearance of oral melanoacanthoma is nondiagnostic, and biopsy is mandatory to rule out malignancy. We report a case of melanoacanthoma of a rarer oral mucosal site in a 12-year-old Asian male. A brief review of the current literature is also presented. How to cite this article: Rohilla K, Ramesh V, Balamurali PD, Singh N. Oral Melanoacanthoma of a Rare Intraoral Site: Case Report and Review of Literature. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2013;6(1):40-43.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kshitiz Rohilla
- Demonstrator, Department of Oral Pathology, Postgraduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - V Ramesh
- Dean, Professor and Head, Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Mahatma Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Puducherry, India
| | - Pd Balamurali
- Professor, Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Mahatma Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Puducherry, India
| | - Namrata Singh
- Ex-Senior Lecturer, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Indira Gandhi Institute of Dental Sciences, Puducherry India
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Iranna Koppal P, Sakri MR, Akkareddy B, Hinduja DM, Gangolli RA, Patil BC. Iron deficiency in young children: a risk marker for early childhood caries. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2013; 6:1-6. [PMID: 25206178 PMCID: PMC4034631 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2012] [Accepted: 03/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim:Evaluate the coexistence of iron deficiency and early childhood caries. Evaluate whether iron deficiency can be considered as a risk marker for early childhood caries. Estimate the incidence of iron deficiency in children with early childhood caries. To evaluate and compare the iron status of children with and without severe early childhood caries.
Materials and methods: Sixty children of age 2 to 6 years in whom blood investigations are advised by pediatricians are selected for the study and are divided into early childhood caries (ECC) and control groups according to the def index. After obtaining the informed consent from parent, blood investigations are carried out in these children for the estimation of iron status. Results: All the values depicting the iron status are found to be decreased in the clinical trial group (ECC group) and they are statistically significant. Conclusion: Iron deficiency is observed definitely in children having ECC. How to cite this article: Koppal PI, Sakri MR, Akkareddy B, Hinduja DM, Gangolli RA, Patil BC. Iron Deficiency in Young Children: A Risk Marker for Early Childhood Caries. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2013;6(1):1-6.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pushpa Iranna Koppal
- Senior Lecture Department Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry S Nijalingappa Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre Gulbarga, Karnataka, India
| | - Mohan Ravishankar Sakri
- Reader, Department of Conservative and Endodontics, Mansarovar Dental College, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Basavaprabhu Akkareddy
- Reader, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Sinhgad Dental College and Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Dharam M Hinduja
- Reader, Department of Conservative and Endodontics, Government Dental College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Raviraj Annayya Gangolli
- Reader, Department of Pedodontics, KGF College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Kolar, Karnataka, India
| | - Basanagouda C Patil
- Reader, Department of Orthodontics, S Nijalingappa Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Gulbarga, Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Prabhakar A, Pattanshetti K, Sugandhan S. A comparative study of color stability and fluoride release from glass ionomer cements combined with chlorhexidine. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2013; 6:26-9. [PMID: 25206183 PMCID: PMC4034632 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2012] [Accepted: 03/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Restoring carious teeth is one of the major treatment needs of young children. Glass ionomer cement (GIC) systems had become the most important dental restorative and luting materials for use in preschoolers, children and teenagers. Several attempts in developing GIC with antibacterial effects by addition of bactericides, such as chlorhexidine, have been reported. Aim: Aim of the study was to evaluate and compare the color and fluoride ion release of conventional and resin-modified GICs in combination with 1.25 and 2.5% chlorhexidine diacetate. Materials and methods: The control groups consisted of conventional GIC and resin-modified GIC. The experimental groups consisted of conventional and resin-modified GIC groups, consisting of 1.25 and 2.5% chlorhexidine. A total of six groups were included with each group being allotted 20 specimens for the evaluation of color stability and 10 specimens each were allotted for the evaluation of fluoride release. Color and fluoride release were recorded using spectrophoto-meter and fluoride selective electrode respectively at 24 hours 7 days and 1 month. Results: Resin-modified GIC groups showed less color stability and better fluoride release at the end of the study compared to conventional GIC groups. Conclusion: There was no significant change in color and fluoride release between 1.25 and 2.5% conventional GIC and also between 1.25 and 2.5% resin-modified GIC combined with chlorhexidine diacetate at the end of the study. Conventional GIC showed better color stability and less fluoride release compared to resin-modified GIC. How to cite this article: Prabhakar AR, Pattanshetti K, Sugandhan S. A Comparative Study of Color Stability and Fluoride Release from Glass Ionomer Cements Combined with Chlorhexidine. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2013;6(1):26-29.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ar Prabhakar
- Professor and Head, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Bapuji Dental College and Hospital, Davangere-577004 Karnataka, India
| | - Kirti Pattanshetti
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry Dr DY Patil Dental College and Hospital, Nerul, Navi Mumbai Maharashtra, India
| | - S Sugandhan
- Professor, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Bapuji Dental College and Hospital, Davangere, Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Hegde N, Hegde MN. Internal and external root resorption management: a report of two cases. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2013; 6:44-7. [PMID: 25206188 PMCID: PMC4034642 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2013] [Accepted: 03/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The response of the dentoalveolar apparatus to infection is characterized by inflammation which may result in tooth resorption. Depending upon the type of resorption and etiology, different treatment regimens have been proposed. The following two cases demonstrate internal and external inflammatory root resorption arrest by conventional nonsurgical endodontic therapy combined with calcium hydroxide-iodoform dressing, mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and flowable gutta-percha system.The patient has been regularly recalled every 6 months and radiographically the apical lesion showed signs of healing and arrest of root resorption after 1 year and 6 months. How to cite this article: Hegde N, Hegde MN. Internal and External Root Resorption Management: A Report of Two Cases. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2013;6(1):44-47.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nanditha Hegde
- Assistant Professor, Father Muller Medical College, Mangalore Karnataka, India
| | - Mithra N Hegde
- Senior Professor and Head, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, AB Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|