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Cao L, Wang J, Wang L, Liu H, Wu W, Hou F, Liu Y, Gao Y, Cheng X, Li S, Xing G. Genome-wide analysis of the SWEET gene family in Hemerocallis citrina and functional characterization of HcSWEET4a in response to salt stress. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:661. [PMID: 38987684 PMCID: PMC11238388 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05376-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Sugars will be eventually effluxed transporters (SWEETs) have been confirmed to play diverse physiological roles in plant growth, development and stress response. However, the characteristics and functions of the SWEET genes in Hemerocallis citrina remain unclear and poorly elucidated. In this study, the whole genome of Hemerocallis citrina was utilized to conduct bioinformatics analysis and a total of 19 HcSWEET genes were successfully identified. Analysis of the physicochemical properties indicated dominant differences among these HcSWEETs. A phylogenetic analysis revealed that HcSWEET proteins can be divided into 4 clades ranging from Clade I to IV, where proteins within the same clade exhibited shared conserved motifs and gene structures. Five to six exons were contained in the majority of HcSWEET genes, which were unevenly distributed across 11 chromosomes. The gene duplication analysis showed the presence of 4 gene pairs. Comparative syntenic maps revealed that the HcSWEET gene family might present more closed homology in monocotyledons than dicotyledons. Cis-acting element analysis of HcSWEET genes indicated key responsiveness to various hormones, light, and stresses. Additionally, transcriptome sequencing analysis suggested that most HcSWEET genes had a relatively higher expression in roots, and HcSWEET4a was significantly up-regulated under salt stress. Overexpression further verified the possibility that HcSWEET4a was involved in response to salt stress, which provides novel insights and facilitates in-depth studies of the functional analysis of HcSWEETs in resistance to abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Cao
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Jinzhong, China
| | - Jinyao Wang
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Jinzhong, China
| | - Lixuan Wang
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Jinzhong, China
| | - Huili Liu
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Jinzhong, China
| | - Wenjing Wu
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Jinzhong, China
| | - Feifan Hou
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Jinzhong, China
| | - Yuting Liu
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Jinzhong, China
| | - Yang Gao
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Jinzhong, China
| | - Xiaojing Cheng
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Jinzhong, China
| | - Sen Li
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Jinzhong, China.
- Datong Daylily Industrial Development Research Institute, Datong, 037000, China.
| | - Guoming Xing
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Jinzhong, China.
- Datong Daylily Industrial Development Research Institute, Datong, 037000, China.
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2
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Xia P, Zhou S, Zhao X, Zhao C. Characterization and Expression Analysis of Sugar Transporters through Partial Least Square Structural Equation Model (PLS-SEM) Revealed Their Role in Pepper ( Capsicum annuum L.). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1825. [PMID: 38999665 PMCID: PMC11243835 DOI: 10.3390/plants13131825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is one of the most important economic crops in the world. By controlling the transport and distribution of photosynthetic products between cells and organs, sugar transporters are widely involved in growth and development, environmental adaptation, and microbial interactions. The present study was carried out at the genome-wide level to systematically characterize sugar transporters. As a result, 50 MST, 3 SUT, and 29 SWEET genes were identified and classified. The expression pattern of sugar transporters in pepper was analyzed by transcriptomic data. The expression properties of sugar transporters were further explored in pepper varieties with significant differences in weight, shape, and pungency. It was shown that the pepper sugar transporter genes had obvious spatiotemporal specific expression characteristics and exhibited variety-specific expression preferences. We focus on analyzing candidate genes that may be involved in fruit development and expansion. We further explore the response of pepper sugar transporters to adversity stress using a structural equation model. Finally, we found that the MST, SUT, and SWEET families are collectively involved in balancing pepper resistance to abiotic stress by coordinating the expression strengths of different family members. Our study may contribute to the functional study of pepper sugar transporter genes and create the prospect of utilizing sugar transporter gene resources to improve pepper variety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Xia
- Faculty of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Shiyong Zhou
- Faculty of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Xiaoxue Zhao
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Changling Zhao
- Faculty of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
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Zhu Y, Tian Y, Han S, Wang J, Liu Y, Yin J. Structure, evolution, and roles of SWEET proteins in growth and stress responses in plants. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 263:130441. [PMID: 38417760 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Carbohydrates are exported by the SWEET family of transporters, which is a novel class of carriers that can transport sugars across cell membranes and facilitate sugar's long-distance transport from source to sink organs in plants. SWEETs play crucial roles in a wide range of physiologically important processes by regulating apoplastic and symplastic sugar concentrations. These processes include host-pathogen interactions, abiotic stress responses, and plant growth and development. In the present review, we (i) describe the structure and organization of SWEETs in the cell membrane, (ii) discuss the roles of SWEETs in sugar loading and unloading processes, (iii) identify the distinct functions of SWEETs in regulating plant growth and development including flower, fruit, and seed development, (iv) shed light on the importance of SWEETs in modulating abiotic stress resistance, and (v) describe the role of SWEET genes during plant-pathogen interaction. Finally, several perspectives regarding future investigations for improving the understanding of sugar-mediated plant defenses are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxing Zhu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland/College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434000, Hubei, China; Spice Crops Research Institute, College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434000, Hubei, China.
| | - Ye Tian
- Spice Crops Research Institute, College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434000, Hubei, China
| | - Shuo Han
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland/College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434000, Hubei, China.
| | - Jie Wang
- Spice Crops Research Institute, College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434000, Hubei, China.
| | - Yiqing Liu
- Spice Crops Research Institute, College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434000, Hubei, China
| | - Junliang Yin
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland/College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434000, Hubei, China.
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Li Z, Guo Y, Jin S, Wu H. Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Profile Analysis of Sugars Will Eventually Be Exported Transporter ( SWEET) Genes in Zantedeschia elliottiana and Their Responsiveness to Pectobacterium carotovora subspecies Carotovora ( Pcc) Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2004. [PMID: 38396683 PMCID: PMC10888187 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
SWEET, sugars will eventually be exported transporter, is a novel class of sugar transporter proteins that can transport sugars across membranes down a concentration gradient. It plays a key role in plant photosynthetic assimilates, phloem loading, nectar secretion from nectar glands, seed grouting, pollen development, pathogen interactions, and adversity regulation, and has received widespread attention in recent years. To date, systematic analysis of the SWEET family in Zantedeschia has not been documented, although the genome has been reported in Zantedeschia elliottiana. In this study, 19 ZeSWEET genes were genome-wide identified in Z. elliottiana, and unevenly located in 10 chromosomes. They were further clustered into four clades by a phylogenetic tree, and almost every clade has its own unique motifs. Synthetic analysis confirmed two pairs of segmental duplication events of ZeSWEET genes. Heatmaps of tissue-specific and Pectobacterium carotovora subsp. Carotovora (Pcc) infection showed that ZeSWEET genes had different expression patterns, so SWEETs may play widely varying roles in development and stress tolerance in Zantedeschia. Moreover, quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis revealed that some of the ZeSWEETs responded to Pcc infection, among which eight genes were significantly upregulated and six genes were significantly downregulated, revealing their potential functions in response to Pcc infection. The promoter sequences of ZeSWEETs contained 51 different types of the 1380 cis-regulatory elements, and each ZeSWEET gene contained at least two phytohormone responsive elements and one stress response element. In addition, a subcellular localization study indicated that ZeSWEET07 and ZeSWEET18 were found to be localized to the plasma membrane. These findings provide insights into the characteristics of SWEET genes and contribute to future studies on the functional characteristics of ZeSWEET genes, and then improve Pcc infection tolerance in Zantedeschia through molecular breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China;
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China;
| | - Yanbing Guo
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China;
| | - Shoulin Jin
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China;
| | - Hongzhi Wu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China;
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Iqbal J, Zhang W, Fan Y, Dong J, Xie Y, Li R, Yang T, Zhang J, Che D. Genome-Wide Bioinformatics Analysis of SWEET Gene Family and Expression Verification of Candidate PaSWEET Genes in Potentilla anserina. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:406. [PMID: 38337939 PMCID: PMC10856985 DOI: 10.3390/plants13030406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Sugars act as the main energy sources in many fruit and vegetable crops. The biosynthesis and transportation of sugars are crucial and especially contribute to growth and development. SWEET is an important gene family that plays a vital role in plants' growth, development, and adaptation to various types of stresses (biotic and abiotic). Although SWEET genes have been identified in numerous plant species, there is no information on SWEETs in Potentilla anserina. In the present study, we performed a comprehensive genome-wide bioinformatics analysis and identified a total of 23 candidate PaSWEETs genes in the Potentilla anserina genome, which were randomly distributed on ten different chromosomes. The phylogenetic analysis, chromosomal location, gene structure, specific cis-elements, protein interaction network, and physiological characteristics of these genes were systematically examined. The identified results of the phylogenetic relationship with Arabidopsis thaliana revealed that these PaSWEET genes were divided into four clades (I, II, III, and IV). Moreover, tissue-specific gene expression through quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) validation exposed that the identified PaSWEETs were differentially expressed in various tissues (roots, stems, leaves, and flowers). Mainly, the relative fold gene expression in swollen and unswollen tubers effectively revealed that PaSWEETs (7, 9, and 12) were highly expressed (300-, 120-, and 100-fold) in swollen tubers. To further elucidate the function of PaSWEETs (7, 9, and 12), their subcellular location was confirmed by inserting them into tobacco leaves, and it was noted that these genes were present on the cell membrane. On the basis of the overall results, it is suggested that PaSWEETs (7, 9, and 12) are the candidate genes involved in swollen tuber formation in P. anserina. In crux, we speculated that our study provides a valuable theoretical base for further in-depth function analysis of the PaSWEET gene family and their role in tuber development and further enhancing the molecular breeding of Potentilla anserina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javed Iqbal
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (J.I.); (W.Z.); (Y.F.); (Y.X.); (R.L.); (T.Y.); (J.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Cold Region Landscape Plants and Applications, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Wuhua Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (J.I.); (W.Z.); (Y.F.); (Y.X.); (R.L.); (T.Y.); (J.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Cold Region Landscape Plants and Applications, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yingdong Fan
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (J.I.); (W.Z.); (Y.F.); (Y.X.); (R.L.); (T.Y.); (J.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Cold Region Landscape Plants and Applications, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jie Dong
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (J.I.); (W.Z.); (Y.F.); (Y.X.); (R.L.); (T.Y.); (J.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Cold Region Landscape Plants and Applications, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yangyang Xie
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (J.I.); (W.Z.); (Y.F.); (Y.X.); (R.L.); (T.Y.); (J.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Cold Region Landscape Plants and Applications, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Ronghui Li
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (J.I.); (W.Z.); (Y.F.); (Y.X.); (R.L.); (T.Y.); (J.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Cold Region Landscape Plants and Applications, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Tao Yang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (J.I.); (W.Z.); (Y.F.); (Y.X.); (R.L.); (T.Y.); (J.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Cold Region Landscape Plants and Applications, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jinzhu Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (J.I.); (W.Z.); (Y.F.); (Y.X.); (R.L.); (T.Y.); (J.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Cold Region Landscape Plants and Applications, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Daidi Che
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (J.I.); (W.Z.); (Y.F.); (Y.X.); (R.L.); (T.Y.); (J.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Cold Region Landscape Plants and Applications, Harbin 150030, China
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Kitavi M, Gemenet DC, Wood JC, Hamilton JP, Wu S, Fei Z, Khan A, Buell CR. Identification of genes associated with abiotic stress tolerance in sweetpotato using weighted gene co-expression network analysis. PLANT DIRECT 2023; 7:e532. [PMID: 37794882 PMCID: PMC10546384 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Sweetpotato, Ipomoea batatas (L.), a key food security crop, is negatively impacted by heat, drought, and salinity stress. The orange-fleshed sweetpotato cultivar "Beauregard" was exposed to heat, salt, and drought treatments for 24 and 48 h to identify genes responding to each stress condition in leaves. Analysis revealed both common (35 up regulated, 259 down regulated genes in the three stress conditions) and unique sets of up regulated (1337 genes by drought, 516 genes by heat, and 97 genes by salt stress) and down regulated (2445 genes by drought, 678 genes by heat, and 204 genes by salt stress) differentially expressed genes (DEGs) suggesting common, yet stress-specific transcriptional responses to these three abiotic stressors. Gene Ontology analysis of down regulated DEGs common to both heat and salt stress revealed enrichment of terms associated with "cell population proliferation" suggestive of an impact on the cell cycle by the two stress conditions. To identify shared and unique gene co-expression networks under multiple abiotic stress conditions, weighted gene co-expression network analysis was performed using gene expression profiles from heat, salt, and drought stress treated 'Beauregard' leaves yielding 18 co-expression modules. One module was enriched for "response to water deprivation," "response to abscisic acid," and "nitrate transport" indicating synergetic crosstalk between nitrogen, water, and phytohormones with genes encoding osmotin, cell expansion, and cell wall modification proteins present as key hub genes in this drought-associated module. This research lays the groundwork for exploring to a further degree, mechanisms for abiotic stress tolerance in sweetpotato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercy Kitavi
- Research Technology Support Facility (RTSF)Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMichiganUSA
- Center for Applied Genetic TechnologiesUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA
| | - Dorcus C. Gemenet
- International Potato CenterLimaPeru
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), ICRAF HouseNairobiKenya
| | - Joshua C. Wood
- Center for Applied Genetic TechnologiesUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA
| | - John P. Hamilton
- Center for Applied Genetic TechnologiesUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA
- Department of Crop & Soil SciencesUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA
| | - Shan Wu
- Boyce Thompson InstituteCornell UniversityIthacaNew YorkUSA
| | - Zhangjun Fei
- Boyce Thompson InstituteCornell UniversityIthacaNew YorkUSA
| | - Awais Khan
- International Potato CenterLimaPeru
- Present address:
Plant Pathology and Plant‐Microbe Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant ScienceCornell UniversityGenevaNew YorkUSA
| | - C. Robin Buell
- Center for Applied Genetic TechnologiesUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA
- Department of Crop & Soil SciencesUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA
- Institute of Plant Breeding, Genetics, & GenomicsUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA
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Jiang C, Zeng S, Yang J, Wang X. Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Profiling Analysis of SWEET Family Genes Involved in Fruit Development in Plum ( Prunus salicina Lindl). Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1679. [PMID: 37761819 PMCID: PMC10531292 DOI: 10.3390/genes14091679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
SWEETs (sugars will eventually be exported transporters) play a vital role in longer-distance sugar transportation, and thus control carbon flow and energy metabolism in plants. SWEET genes have been identified in various plant species, but their functions in fruit development remain uncharacterized. Here, we isolated 15 putative PsSWEETs from the Prunus salicina genome. For further analysis, comprehensive bioinformatics methods were applied to determine the gene structure, chromosome distribution, phylogeny, cis-acting regulatory elements, and expression profiles of PsSWEETs. qRT-PCR analysis suggested that these SWEETs might have diverse functions in the development of plum fruit. The relative expression levels of PsSWEET1 and PsSWEET9 were obviously higher in ripened fruit than the ones in other developmental stages, suggesting their possible roles in the transport and accumulation of sugars in plum fruit. Positive correlations were found between the expression level of PsSWEET3/10/13 and the content of sucrose, and the expression level of PsSWEET2 and the content of fructose, respectively, during the development of 'Furongli' fruit, suggesting their possible roles in the accumulation of sucrose and fructose. The current study investigated the initial genomic characterization and expression patterns of the SWEET gene family in plum, which could provide a foundation for the further understanding of the functional analysis of the SWEET gene family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuicui Jiang
- Fruit Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China; (S.Z.); (X.W.)
| | - Shaomin Zeng
- Fruit Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China; (S.Z.); (X.W.)
| | - Jun Yang
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Bengbu University, Bengbu 233030, China;
| | - Xiaoan Wang
- Fruit Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China; (S.Z.); (X.W.)
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Jiang R, Wu L, Zeng J, Shah K, Zhang R, Hu G, Qin Y, Zhang Z. Identification of HuSWEET Family in Pitaya ( Hylocereus undatus) and Key Roles of HuSWEET12a and HuSWEET13d in Sugar Accumulation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12882. [PMID: 37629062 PMCID: PMC10454816 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The sugar composition and content of fruit have a significant impact on their flavor and taste. In pitaya, or dragon fruit, sweetness is a crucial determinant of fruit taste and consumer preference. The sugars will eventually be exported transporters (SWEETs), a novel group of sugar transporters that have various physiological functions, including phloem loading, seed filling, nectar secretion, and fruit development. However, the role of SWEETs in sugar accumulation in pitaya fruit is not yet clear. Here, we identified 19 potential members (HuSWEET genes) of the SWEET family in pitaya and analyzed their conserved motifs, physiochemical characteristics, chromosomal distribution, gene structure, and phylogenetic relationship. Seven highly conserved α-helical transmembrane domains (7-TMs) were found, and the HuSWEET proteins can be divided into three clades based on the phylogenetic analysis. Interestingly, we found two HuSWEET genes, HuSWEET12a and HuSWEET13d, that showed strong preferential expressions in fruits and an upward trend during fruit maturation, suggesting they have key roles in sugar accumulation in pitaya. This can be further roughly demonstrated by the fact that transgenic tomato plants overexpressing HuSWEET12a/13d accumulated high levels of sugar in the mature fruit. Together, our result provides new insights into the regulation of sugar accumulation by SWEET family genes in pitaya fruit, which also set a crucial basis for the further functional study of the HuSWEETs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yonghua Qin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (South China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (R.J.); (L.W.); (J.Z.); (K.S.); (R.Z.); (G.H.)
| | - Zhike Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (South China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (R.J.); (L.W.); (J.Z.); (K.S.); (R.Z.); (G.H.)
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9
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Hao L, Shi X, Qin S, Dong J, Shi H, Wang Y, Zhang Y. Genome-wide identification, characterization and transcriptional profile of the SWEET gene family in Dendrobium officinale. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:378. [PMID: 37415124 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09419-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo (D. officinale) is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine with high content polysaccharides in stems. The SWEET (Sugars Will Eventually be Exported Transporters) family is a novel class of sugar transporters mediating sugar translocation among adjacent cells of plants. The expression patterns of SWEETs and whether they are associated with stress response in D. officinale remains uncovered. RESULTS Here, 25 SWEET genes were screened out from D. officinale genome, most of which typically contained seven transmembrane domains (TMs) and harbored two conserved MtN3/saliva domains. Using multi-omics data and bioinformatic approaches, the evolutionary relationship, conserved motifs, chromosomal location, expression patterns, correlationship and interaction network were further analyzed. DoSWEETs were intensively located in nine chromosomes. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that DoSWEETs were divided into four clades, and conserved motif 3 specifically existed in DoSWEETs from clade II. Different tissue-specific expression patterns of DoSWEETs suggested the division of their roles in sugar transport. In particular, DoSWEET5b, 5c, and 7d displayed relatively high expression levels in stems. DoSWEET2b and 16 were significantly regulated under cold, drought, and MeJA treatment, which were further verified using RT-qPCR. Correlation analysis and interaction network prediction discovered the internal relationship of DoSWEET family. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, the identification and analysis of the 25 DoSWEETs in this study provide basic information for further functional verification in D. officinale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Hao
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, PR China
| | - Xin Shi
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, PR China
| | - Shunwang Qin
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, PR China
| | - Jiahong Dong
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, PR China
| | - Huan Shi
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, PR China
| | - Yuehua Wang
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, PR China.
| | - Yi Zhang
- China-Croatia 'Belt and Road' Joint Laboratory on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, PR China.
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Liu N, Wei Z, Min X, Yang L, Zhang Y, Li J, Yang Y. Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the SWEET Gene Family in Annual Alfalfa ( Medicago polymorpha). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1948. [PMID: 37653865 PMCID: PMC10222687 DOI: 10.3390/plants12101948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
SWEET (Sugars will eventually be exported transporter) proteins are a group of sugar transporters that are involved in sugar efflux, phloem loading, reproductive development, plant senescence, and stress responses. In this study, 23 SWEET transporter members were identified in the Medicago polymorpha genome, heterogeneously distributed on seven chromosomes. These MpSWEET genes were divided into four subfamilies, which showed similar gene structure and motif composition within the same subfamily. Seventeen MpSWEET genes encode seven transmembrane helices (TMHs), and all MpSWEET proteins possess conserved membrane domains and putative serine phosphorylation sites. Four and three pairs of MpSWEET genes were predicted to be segmentally and tandemly duplicated, respectively, which may have contributed to their evolution of M. polymorpha. The results of microarray and RNA-Seq data showed that some MpSWEET genes were specifically expressed in disparate developmental stages (including seedling stage, early flowering stage, and late flowering stage) or tissues such as flower and large pod. Based on protein network interaction and expression patterns of MpSWEET genes, six MpSWEET genes were selected for further quantitative real-time PCR validation in different stress treatments. qRT-PCR results showed that MpSWEET05, MpSWEET07, MpSWEET12, MpSWEET15, and MpSWEET21 were significantly upregulated for at least two of the three abiotic stress treatments. These findings provide new insights into the complex transcriptional regulation of MpSWEET genes, which facilitates future research to elucidate the function of MpSWEET genes in M. polymorpha and other legume crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nana Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Zhenwu Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Institute of Grassland Science, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xueyang Min
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Linghua Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Youxin Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jiaqing Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yuwei Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
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11
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Song X, Kou Y, Duan M, Feng B, Yu X, Jia R, Zhao X, Ge H, Yang S. Genome-Wide Identification of the Rose SWEET Gene Family and Their Different Expression Profiles in Cold Response between Two Rose Species. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1474. [PMID: 37050100 PMCID: PMC10096651 DOI: 10.3390/plants12071474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Sugars Will Eventually be Exported Transporter (SWEET) gene family plays indispensable roles in plant physiological activities, development processes, and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses, but no information is known for roses. In this study, a total of 25 RcSWEET genes were identified in Rosa chinensis 'Old Blush' by genome-wide analysis and clustered into four subgroups based on their phylogenetic relationships. The genomic features, including gene structures, conserved motifs, and gene duplication among the chromosomes of RcSWEET genes, were characterized. Seventeen types of cis-acting elements among the RcSWEET genes were predicted to exhibit their potential regulatory roles during biotic and abiotic stress and hormone responses. Tissue-specific and cold-response expression profiles based on transcriptome data showed that SWEETs play widely varying roles in development and stress tolerance in two rose species. Moreover, the different expression patterns of cold-response SWEET genes were verified by qRT-PCR between the moderately cold-resistant species R. chinensis 'Old Blush' and the extremely cold-resistant species R. beggeriana. Especially, SWEET2a and SWEET10c exhibited species differences after cold treatment and were sharply upregulated in the leaves of R. beggeriana but not R. chinensis 'Old Blush', indicating that these two genes may be the crucial candidates that participate in cold tolerance in R. beggeriana. Our results provide the foundation for function analysis of the SWEET gene family in roses, and will contribute to the breeding of cold-tolerant varieties of roses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hong Ge
- Correspondence: (H.G.); (S.Y.); Tel.: +86-10-8210-9542 (S.Y.)
| | - Shuhua Yang
- Correspondence: (H.G.); (S.Y.); Tel.: +86-10-8210-9542 (S.Y.)
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12
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Vinodh Kumar PN, Mallikarjuna MG, Jha SK, Mahato A, Lal SK, K R Y, Lohithaswa HC, Chinnusamy V. Unravelling structural, functional, evolutionary and genetic basis of SWEET transporters regulating abiotic stress tolerance in maize. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 229:539-560. [PMID: 36603713 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.12.326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Sugars Will Eventually be Exported Transporters (SWEETs) are the novel sugar transporters widely distributed among living systems. SWEETs play a crucial role in various bio-physiological processes, viz., plant developmental, nectar secretion, pollen development, and regulation of biotic and abiotic stresses, in addition to their prime sugar-transporting activity. Thus, in-depth structural, evolutionary, and functional characterization of maize SWEET transporters was performed for their utility in maize improvement. The mining of SWEET genes in the latest maize genome release (v.5) showed an uneven distribution of 20 ZmSWEETs. The comprehensive structural analyses and docking of ZmSWEETs with four sugars, viz., fructose, galactose, glucose, and sucrose, revealed frequent amino acid residues forming hydrogen (asparagine, valine, serine) and hydrophobic (tryptophan, glycine, and phenylalanine) interactions. Evolutionary analyses of SWEETs showed a mixed lineage with 50-100 % commonality of ortho-groups and -sequences evolved under strong purifying selection (Ka/Ks < 0.5). The duplication analysis showed non-functionalization (ZmSWEET18 in B73) and neo- and sub-functionalization (ZmSWEET3, ZmSWEET6, ZmSWEET9, ZmSWEET19, and ZmSWEET20) events in maize. Functional analyses of ZmSWEET genes through co-expression, in silico expression and qRT-PCR assays showed the relevance of ZmSWEETs expression in regulating drought, heat, and waterlogging stress tolerances in maize. The first ever ZmSWEET-regulatory network revealed 286 direct (ZmSWEET-TF: 140 ZmSWEET-miRNA: 146) and 1226 indirect (TF-TF: 597; TF-miRNA: 629) edges. The present investigation has given new insights into the complex transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation and the regulatory and functional relevance of ZmSWEETs in assigning stress tolerance in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- P N Vinodh Kumar
- Division of Genetics, ICAR - Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India; ICAR - Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Jharkhand, India
| | | | - Shailendra Kumar Jha
- Division of Genetics, ICAR - Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Anima Mahato
- ICAR - Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Jharkhand, India
| | - Shambhu Krishan Lal
- School of Genetic Engineering, ICAR - Indian Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Ranchi 834003, India
| | - Yathish K R
- Winter Nursery Centre, ICAR-Indian Institute of Maize Research, Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Viswanathan Chinnusamy
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
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13
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Thingnam SS, Lourembam DS, Tongbram PS, Lokya V, Tiwari S, Khan MK, Pandey A, Hamurcu M, Thangjam R. A Perspective Review on Understanding Drought Stress Tolerance in Wild Banana Genetic Resources of Northeast India. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14020370. [PMID: 36833297 PMCID: PMC9957078 DOI: 10.3390/genes14020370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The enormous perennial monocotyledonous herb banana (Musa spp.), which includes dessert and cooking varieties, is found in more than 120 countries and is a member of the order Zingiberales and family Musaceae. The production of bananas requires a certain amount of precipitation throughout the year, and its scarcity reduces productivity in rain-fed banana-growing areas due to drought stress. To increase the tolerance of banana crops to drought stress, it is necessary to explore crop wild relatives (CWRs) of banana. Although molecular genetic pathways involved in drought stress tolerance of cultivated banana have been uncovered and understood with the introduction of high-throughput DNA sequencing technology, next-generation sequencing (NGS) techniques, and numerous "omics" tools, unfortunately, such approaches have not been thoroughly implemented to utilize the huge potential of wild genetic resources of banana. In India, the northeastern region has been reported to have the highest diversity and distribution of Musaceae, with more than 30 taxa, 19 of which are unique to the area, accounting for around 81% of all wild species. As a result, the area is regarded as one of the main locations of origin for the Musaceae family. The understanding of the response of the banana genotypes of northeastern India belonging to different genome groups to water deficit stress at the molecular level will be useful for developing and improving drought tolerance in commercial banana cultivars not only in India but also worldwide. Hence, in the present review, we discuss the studies conducted to observe the effect of drought stress on different banana species. Moreover, the article highlights the tools and techniques that have been used or that can be used for exploring and understanding the molecular basis of differentially regulated genes and their networks in different drought stress-tolerant banana genotypes of northeast India, especially wild types, for unraveling their potential novel traits and genes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Punshi Singh Tongbram
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Mizoram University, Aizawl 796004, India
| | - Vadthya Lokya
- Plant Tissue Culture and Genetic Engineering Lab, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology (Government of India), Sector 81, Knowledge City, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali 140306, India
| | - Siddharth Tiwari
- Plant Tissue Culture and Genetic Engineering Lab, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology (Government of India), Sector 81, Knowledge City, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali 140306, India
| | - Mohd. Kamran Khan
- Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Selcuk University, Konya 42079, Turkey
| | - Anamika Pandey
- Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Selcuk University, Konya 42079, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Hamurcu
- Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Selcuk University, Konya 42079, Turkey
| | - Robert Thangjam
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Mizoram University, Aizawl 796004, India
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Manipur University, Imphal 795003, India
- Correspondence:
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14
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Xiao K, Qiao K, Cui W, Xu X, Pan H, Wang F, Wang S, Yang F, Xuan Y, Li A, Han X, Song Z, Liu J. Comparative transcriptome profiling reveals the importance of GmSWEET15 in soybean susceptibility to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1119016. [PMID: 36778863 PMCID: PMC9909833 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1119016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Soybean sclerotinia stem rot (SSR) is a disease caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum that causes incalculable losses in soybean yield each year. Considering the lack of effective resistance resources and the elusive resistance mechanisms, we are urged to develop resistance genes and explore their molecular mechanisms. Here, we found that loss of GmSWEET15 enhanced the resistance to S. sclerotiorum, and we explored the molecular mechanisms by which gmsweet15 mutant exhibit enhanced resistance to S. sclerotiorum by comparing transcriptome. At the early stage of inoculation, the wild type (WT) showed moderate defense response, whereas gmsweet15 mutant exhibited more extensive and intense transcription reprogramming. The gmsweet15 mutant enriched more biological processes, including the secretory pathway and tetrapyrrole metabolism, and it showed stronger changes in defense response, protein ubiquitination, MAPK signaling pathway-plant, plant-pathogen interaction, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and photosynthesis. The more intense and abundant transcriptional reprogramming of gmsweet15 mutant may explain how it effectively delayed colonization by S. sclerotiorum. In addition, we identified common and specific differentially expressed genes between WT and gmsweet15 mutant after inoculation with S. sclerotiorum, and gene sets and genes related to gmsweet15_24 h were identified through Gene Set Enrichment Analysis. Moreover, we constructed the protein-protein interaction network and gene co-expression networks and identified several groups of regulatory networks of gmsweet15 mutant in response to S. sclerotiorum, which will be helpful for the discovery of candidate functional genes. Taken together, our results elucidate molecular mechanisms of delayed colonization by S. sclerotiorum after loss of GmSWEET15 in soybean, and we propose novel resources for improving resistance to SSR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunqin Xiao
- College of Plant Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Kaibin Qiao
- College of Plant Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wenjing Cui
- College of Plant Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xun Xu
- College of Plant Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongyu Pan
- College of Plant Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Fengting Wang
- College of Plant Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shoudong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Feng Yang
- College of Plant Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuanhu Xuan
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Anmo Li
- College of Plant Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiao Han
- College of Plant Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhuojian Song
- College of Plant Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jinliang Liu
- College of Plant Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China,*Correspondence: Jinliang Liu,
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15
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Yang C, Zhao X, Luo Z, Wang L, Liu M. Genome-wide identification and expression profile analysis of SWEET genes in Chinese jujube. PeerJ 2023; 11:e14704. [PMID: 36684667 PMCID: PMC9854374 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The novel sugar transporter known as SWEET (sugars will eventually be exported transporter) is involved in the transport and distribution of photosynthesis products in plants. The SWEET protein is also involved in pollen development, nectar secretion, stress responses, and other important physiological processes. Although SWEET genes have been characterized and identified in model plants, such as Arabidopsis and rice, little is known about them in jujube. In this study, the molecular characteristics of the SWEET gene family in the Chinese jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) and their expression patterns in different organs, at different fruit developmental stages, and under abiotic stress were analyzed. A total of 19 ZjSWEET genes were identified in jujube through a genome-wide study; these were classified into four sub-groups based on their phylogenic relationships. The gene structure analysis of ZjSWEET genes showed that all the members had introns. The expression patterns of different ZjSWEET genes varied significantly in different organs (root, shoot, leave, flower, fruit), which indicated that ZjSWEETs play different roles in multiple organs. According to the expression profiles by quantitative real-time PCR analysis during fruit development, the expression levels of the two genes (ZjSWEET11, ZjSWEET18) gradually increased with the development of the fruit and reached a high level at the full-red fruit stage. A prediction of the cis-acting regulatory elements indicated that the promoter sequences of ZjSWEETs contained nine types of phytohormone-responsive cis-regulatory elements and six environmental factors. In addition, the expression profiles by quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed that some of the ZjSWEETs responded to environmental changes; ZjSWEET2 was highly induced in response to cold stress, and ZjSWEET8 was significantly up-regulated in response to alkali and salt stresses. This study showed that the functions of the ZjSWEET family members of jujube are different, and some may play an important role in sugar accumulation and abiotic stress in jujube.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Yang
- Hebei Agricultural University, College of Horticulture, Baoding, Hebei, China,Hebei Agricultural University, Research Center of Chinese Jujube, Baoding, Hebei, China,Hebei Agricultural University, National Engineering Research Center for Agriculture in Northern Mountaninous Areas, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Xuan Zhao
- Hebei Agricultural University, College of Horticulture, Baoding, Hebei, China,Hebei Agricultural University, Research Center of Chinese Jujube, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Zhi Luo
- Hebei Agricultural University, College of Horticulture, Baoding, Hebei, China,Hebei Agricultural University, Research Center of Chinese Jujube, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Lihu Wang
- Hebei University of Engineering, School of Landscape and Ecological Engineering, Handan, Hebei, China
| | - Mengjun Liu
- Hebei Agricultural University, College of Horticulture, Baoding, Hebei, China,Hebei Agricultural University, Research Center of Chinese Jujube, Baoding, Hebei, China
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16
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Singh J, Das S, Jagadis Gupta K, Ranjan A, Foyer CH, Thakur JK. Physiological implications of SWEETs in plants and their potential applications in improving source-sink relationships for enhanced yield. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2022. [PMID: 36529911 PMCID: PMC10363763 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The sugars will eventually be exported transporters (SWEET) family of transporters in plants is identified as a novel class of sugar carriers capable of transporting sugars, sugar alcohols and hormones. Functioning in intercellular sugar transport, SWEETs influence a wide range of physiologically important processes. SWEETs regulate the development of sink organs by providing nutritional support from source leaves, responses to abiotic stresses by maintaining intracellular sugar concentrations, and host-pathogen interactions through the modulation of apoplastic sugar levels. Many bacterial and fungal pathogens activate the expression of SWEET genes in species such as rice and Arabidopsis to gain access to the nutrients that support virulence. The genetic manipulation of SWEETs has led to the generation of bacterial blight (BB)-resistant rice varieties. Similarly, while the overexpression of the SWEETs involved in sucrose export from leaves and pathogenesis led to growth retardation and yield penalties, plants overexpressing SWEETs show improved disease resistance. Such findings demonstrate the complex functions of SWEETs in growth and stress tolerance. Here, we review the importance of SWEETs in plant-pathogen and source-sink interactions and abiotic stress resistance. We highlight the possible applications of SWEETs in crop improvement programmes aimed at improving sink and source strengths important for enhancing the sustainability of yield. We discuss how the adverse effects of the overexpression of SWEETs on plant growth may be overcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitender Singh
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Shubhashis Das
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Aashish Ranjan
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Christine H Foyer
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK
| | - Jitendra Kumar Thakur
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
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17
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Lin W, Pu Y, Liu S, Wu Q, Yao Y, Yang Y, Zhang X, Sun W. Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Patterns of AcSWEET Family in Pineapple and AcSWEET11 Mediated Sugar Accumulation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213875. [PMID: 36430356 PMCID: PMC9697096 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pineapple (Ananas comosus L.) is an important fruit crop in tropical regions, and it requires efficient sugar allocation during fruit development. Sugars Will Eventually be Exported Transporters (SWEETs) are a group of novel sugar transporters which play critical roles in seed and fruit development. However, the function of AcSWEETs remains unknown in the sugar accumulation. Herein, 17 AcSWEETs were isolated and unevenly located in 11 chromosomes. Analysis of a phylogenetic tree indicated that 17 genes were classified into four clades, and the majority of AcSWEETs in each clade shared similar conserved motifs and gene structures. Tissue-specific gene expression showed that expression profiles of AcSWEETs displayed differences in different tissues and five AcSWEETs were strongly expressed during fruit development. AcSWEET11 was highly expressed in the stage of mature fruits in 'Tainong16' and 'Comte de paris', which indicates that AcSWEET11 was important to fruit development. Subcellular localization analysis showed that AcSWEET11 was located in the cell membrane. Notably, overexpression of AcSWEET11 could improve sugar accumulation in pineapple callus and transgenic tomato, which suggests that AcSWEET11 might positively contribute to sugar accumulation in pineapple fruit development. These results may provide insights to enhance sugar accumulation in fruit, thus improving pineapple quality in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqiu Lin
- South Subtropical Crop Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524091, China
- Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang 524091, China
- Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524091, China
| | - Yue Pu
- South Subtropical Crop Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524091, China
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Shenghui Liu
- South Subtropical Crop Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524091, China
- Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang 524091, China
- Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524091, China
| | - Qingsong Wu
- South Subtropical Crop Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524091, China
- Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang 524091, China
- Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524091, China
| | - Yanli Yao
- South Subtropical Crop Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524091, China
- Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang 524091, China
- Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524091, China
| | - Yumei Yang
- South Subtropical Crop Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524091, China
- Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang 524091, China
- Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524091, China
| | - Xiumei Zhang
- South Subtropical Crop Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524091, China
- Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang 524091, China
- Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524091, China
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (W.S.)
| | - Weisheng Sun
- South Subtropical Crop Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524091, China
- Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang 524091, China
- Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524091, China
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (W.S.)
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18
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Fakher B, Jakada BH, Greaves JG, Wang L, Niu X, Cheng Y, Zheng P, Aslam M, Qin Y, Wang X. Identification and expression analysis of pineapple sugar transporters reveal their role in the development and environmental response. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:964897. [PMID: 36352877 PMCID: PMC9638087 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.964897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In plants, sugars are required for several essential functions, including growth, storage, signaling, defense and reproduction. Sugar transporters carry out the controlled movement of sugars from source (leaves) to sink (fruits and roots) tissues and determine the overall development of the plant. Various types of sugar transporter families have been described in plants, including sucrose transporters (SUC/SUT), monosaccharide transporter (MST) and SWEET (from "Sugar Will Eventually be Exported Transporters"). However, the information about pineapple sugar transporters is minimal. This study systematically identified and classified 45 MST and 4 SUC/SUT genes in the pineapple genome. We found that the expression patterns of sugar transporter genes have a spatiotemporal expression in reproductive and vegetative tissues indicating their pivotal role in reproductive growth and development. Besides, different families of sugar transporters have a diel expression pattern in photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic tissues displaying circadian rhythm associated participation of sugar transporters in the CAM pathway. Moreover, regulation of the stress-related sugar transporters during cold stress indicates their contribution to cold tolerance in pineapple. Heterologous expression (yeast complementation assays) of sugar transporters in a mutant yeast strain suggested that SUT1/2 have the ability to transport sucrose, and STP13, STP26, pGlcT-L2 and TMT4 are able to transport glucose, whereas SWEET11/13 transport both sucrose and fructose. The information provided here would help researchers further explore the underlying molecular mechanism involved in the sugar metabolism of pineapple.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beenish Fakher
- Guangxi Key Lab of Sugarcane Biology, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Bello Hassan Jakada
- Horticulture Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning Investigation Station of South Subtropical Fruit Trees, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanning, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Joseph G. Greaves
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lulu Wang
- Guangxi Key Lab of Sugarcane Biology, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaoping Niu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yan Cheng
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ping Zheng
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mohammad Aslam
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yuan Qin
- Guangxi Key Lab of Sugarcane Biology, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaomei Wang
- Horticulture Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning Investigation Station of South Subtropical Fruit Trees, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanning, China
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Characterization of the SWEET Gene Family in Longan (Dimocarpus longan) and the Role of DlSWEET1 in Cold Tolerance. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23168914. [PMID: 36012186 PMCID: PMC9408694 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23168914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Sugars will eventually be exported transporters (SWEET), a group of relatively novel sugar transporters, that play important roles in phloem loading, seed and fruit development, pollen development, and stress response in plants. Longan (Dimocarpus longan), a subtropic fruit tree with high economic value, is sensitive to cold. However, whether the SWEET gene family plays a role in conferring cold tolerance upon longan remains unknown. Here, a total of 20 longan SWEET (DlSWEET) genes were identified, and their phylogenetic relationships, gene structures, cis-acting elements, and tissue-specific expression patterns were systematically analyzed. This family is divided into four clades. Gene structures and motifs analyses indicated that the majority of DlSWEETs in each clade shared similar exon–intron organization and conserved motifs. Tissue-specific gene expression suggested diverse possible functions for DlSWEET genes. Cis-elements analysis and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis revealed that DlSWEET1 responded to cold stress. Notably, the overexpression of DlSWEET1 improved cold tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis, suggesting that DlSWEET1 might play a positive role in D. longan’s responses to cold stress. Together, these results contribute to a better understanding of SWEET genes, which could serve as a foundation for the further functional identification of these genes.
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Yao T, Gai XT, Pu ZJ, Gao Y, Xuan YH. From Functional Characterization to the Application of SWEET Sugar Transporters in Plant Resistance Breeding. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:5273-5283. [PMID: 35446562 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c00582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of plant diseases severely affects the quality and quantity of plant production. Plants adapt to the constant invasion of pathogens and gradually form a series of defense mechanisms, such as pathogen-associated molecular pattern-triggered immunity and microbial effector-triggered immunity. Moreover, many pathogens have evolved to inhibit the immune defense system and acquire plant nutrients as a result of their coevolution with plants. The sugars will eventually be exported transporters (SWEETs) are a novel family of sugar transporters that function as uniporters. They provide a channel for pathogens, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses, to hijack sugar from the host. In this review, we summarize the functions of SWEETs in nectar secretion, grain loading, senescence, and long-distance transport. We also focus on the interaction between the SWEET genes and pathogens. In addition, we provide insight into the potential application of SWEET genes to enhance disease resistance through the use of genome editing tools. The summary and perspective of this review will deepen our understanding of the role of SWEETs during the process of pathogen infection and provide insights into resistance breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingshan Yao
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400712, People's Republic of China
- National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Chongqing 400712, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Tong Gai
- Agronomy Research Center, Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650021, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong Ji Pu
- Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Gao
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Hu Xuan
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, People's Republic of China
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21
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Wen Z, Li M, Meng J, Li P, Cheng T, Zhang Q, Sun L. Genome-wide identification of the SWEET gene family mediating the cold stress response in Prunus mume. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13273. [PMID: 35529486 PMCID: PMC9074862 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The Sugars Will Eventually be Exported Transporter (SWEET) gene family encodes a family of sugar transporters that play essential roles in plant growth, reproduction, and biotic and abiotic stresses. Prunus mume is a considerable ornamental wood plant with high edible and medicinal values; however, its lack of tolerance to low temperature has severely limited its geographical distribution. To investigate whether this gene family mediates the response of P. mume to cold stress, we identified that the P. mume gene family consists of 17 members and divided the family members into four groups. Sixteen of these genes were anchored on six chromosomes, and one gene was anchored on the scaffold with four pairs of segmental gene duplications and two pairs of tandem gene duplications. Cis-acting regulatory element analysis indicated that the PmSWEET genes are potentially involved in P. mume development, including potentially regulating roles in procedure, such as circadian control, abscisic acid-response and light-response, and responses to numerous stresses, such as low-temperature and drought. We performed low-temperature treatment in the cold-tolerant cultivar 'Songchun' and cold-sensitive cultivar 'Zaolve' and found that the expression of four of 17 PmSWEETs was either upregulated or downregulated with prolonged treatment times. This finding indicates that these family members may potentially play a role in cold stress responses in P. mume. Our study provides a basis for further investigation of the role of SWEET proteins in the development of P. mume and its responses to cold stress.
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22
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Huang DM, Chen Y, Liu X, Ni DA, Bai L, Qin QP. Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the SWEET gene family in daylily (Hemerocallis fulva) and functional analysis of HfSWEET17 in response to cold stress. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:211. [PMID: 35468723 PMCID: PMC9036726 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03609-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Sugars Will Eventually be Exported Transporters (SWEETs) are a newly discovered family of sugar transporters whose members exist in a variety of organisms and are highly conserved. SWEETs have been reported to be involved in the growth and development of many plants, but little is known about SWEETs in daylily (Hemerocallis fulva), an important perennial ornamental flower. RESULTS In this study, 19 daylily SWEETs were identified and named based on their homologous genes in Arabidopsis and rice. Phylogenetic analysis classified these HfSWEETs into four clades (Clades I to IV). The conserved motifs and gene structures showed that the HfSWEETs were very conservative during evolution. Chromosomal localization and synteny analysis found that HfSWEETs were unevenly distributed on 11 chromosomes, and there were five pairs of segmentally duplicated events and one pair of tandem duplication events. The expression patterns of the 19 HfSWEETs showed that the expression patterns of most HfSWEETs in different tissues were related to corresponding clades, and most HfSWEETs were up-regulated under low temperatures. Furthermore, HfSWEET17 was overexpressed in tobacco, and the cold resistance of transgenic plants was much higher than that of wild-type tobacco. CONCLUSION This study identified the SWEET gene family in daylily at the genome-wide level. Most of the 19 HfSWEETs were expressed differently in different tissues and under low temperatures. Overexpression further suggests that HfSWEET17 participates in daylily low-temperature response. The results of this study provide a basis for further functional analysis of the SWEET family in daylily.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Mei Huang
- School of Ecological Technology and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, 201418, China
| | - Ying Chen
- School of Ecological Technology and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, 201418, China
| | - Xiang Liu
- School of Ecological Technology and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, 201418, China
| | - Di-An Ni
- School of Ecological Technology and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, 201418, China
| | - Lu Bai
- School of Ecological Technology and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, 201418, China
| | - Qiao-Ping Qin
- School of Ecological Technology and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, 201418, China.
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La HV, Chu HD, Tran CD, Nguyen KH, Le QTN, Hoang CM, Cao BP, Pham ATC, Nguyen BD, Nguyen TQ, Van Nguyen L, Ha CV, Le HT, Le HH, Le TD, Tran LSP. Insights into the gene and protein structures of the CaSWEET family members in chickpea (Cicer arietinum), and their gene expression patterns in different organs under various stress and abscisic acid treatments. Gene 2022; 819:146210. [PMID: 35104577 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
'Sugars Will Eventually be Exported Transporters' (SWEETs) are a group of sugar transporters that play crucial roles in various biological processes, particularly plant stress responses. However, no information is available yet for the CaSWEET family in chickpea. Here, we identified all putative CaSWEET members in chickpea, and obtained their major characteristics, including physicochemical patterns, chromosomal distribution, subcellular localization, gene organization, conserved motifs and three-dimensional protein structures. Subsequently, we explored available transcriptome data to compare spatiotemporal transcript abundance of CaSWEET genes in various major organs. Finally, we studied the changes in their transcript levels in leaves and/or roots following dehydration and exogenous abscisic acid treatments using RT-qPCR to obtain valuable information underlying their potential roles in chickpea responses to water-stress conditions. Our results provide the first insights into the characteristics of the CaSWEET family members and a foundation for further functional characterizations of selected candidate genes for genetic engineering of chickpea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Viet La
- Faculty of Biology and Agricultural Technology, Hanoi Pedagogical University 2, Phuc Yen City, Vinh Phuc Province 280000, Viet Nam
| | - Ha Duc Chu
- Faculty of Agricultural Technology, University of Engineering and Technology, Vietnam National University Hanoi, Xuan Thuy Road, Cau Giay District, Hanoi City 122300, Viet Nam.
| | - Cuong Duy Tran
- Agricultural Genetics Institute, Vietnam Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Pham Van Dong Road, North Tu Liem District, Hanoi City 122300, Viet Nam
| | - Kien Huu Nguyen
- Agricultural Genetics Institute, Vietnam Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Pham Van Dong Road, North Tu Liem District, Hanoi City 122300, Viet Nam
| | - Quynh Thi Ngoc Le
- Faculty of Chemistry and Environment, Thuy loi University, Dong Da District, Hanoi City 122300, Viet Nam
| | - Chinh Minh Hoang
- Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Ngo Xuan Quang Road, Gia Lam District, Hanoi City 122300, Viet Nam
| | - Bang Phi Cao
- Hung Vuong University, Phu Tho Province 35000, Viet Nam
| | - Anh Tuyen Cong Pham
- Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Ngo Xuan Quang Road, Gia Lam District, Hanoi City 122300, Viet Nam
| | - Bach Duc Nguyen
- Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Ngo Xuan Quang Road, Gia Lam District, Hanoi City 122300, Viet Nam
| | - Trung Quoc Nguyen
- Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Ngo Xuan Quang Road, Gia Lam District, Hanoi City 122300, Viet Nam
| | - Loc Van Nguyen
- Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Ngo Xuan Quang Road, Gia Lam District, Hanoi City 122300, Viet Nam
| | - Chien Van Ha
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Hien Thi Le
- Faculty of Agricultural Technology, University of Engineering and Technology, Vietnam National University Hanoi, Xuan Thuy Road, Cau Giay District, Hanoi City 122300, Viet Nam
| | - Ham Huy Le
- Faculty of Agricultural Technology, University of Engineering and Technology, Vietnam National University Hanoi, Xuan Thuy Road, Cau Giay District, Hanoi City 122300, Viet Nam; Agricultural Genetics Institute, Vietnam Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Pham Van Dong Road, North Tu Liem District, Hanoi City 122300, Viet Nam
| | - Thao Duc Le
- Agricultural Genetics Institute, Vietnam Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Pham Van Dong Road, North Tu Liem District, Hanoi City 122300, Viet Nam.
| | - Lam-Son Phan Tran
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, 03 Quang Trung, Da Nang, Viet Nam.
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24
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Zeng Z, Lyu T, Jia X, Chen Y, Lyu Y. Expression Patterns of Sugar Transporter Genes in the Allocation of Assimilates and Abiotic Stress in Lily. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084319. [PMID: 35457135 PMCID: PMC9029133 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
During the growth cycle of lilies, assimilates undergo a process of accumulation, consumption and reaccumulation in bulbs and are transported and allocated between aboveground and underground organs and tissues. The sink-source relationship changes with the allocation of assimilates, affecting the vegetative growth and morphological establishment of lilies. In this study, the carbohydrate contents in different tissues of five critical stages during lily development were measured to observe the assimilates allocation. The results showed bulbs acted as the main source to provide energy before the budding stage (S3); after the flowering stage (S4), bulbs began to accumulate assimilates as a sink organ again. During the period when the plant height was 30cm with leaf-spread (S2), leaves mainly accumulated assimilates from bulbs through the symplastic pathway, while when leaves were fully expanded, it transformed to export carbohydrates. At the S4 stage, flowers became a new active sink with assimilates influx. To further understand the allocation of assimilates, 16 genes related to sugar transport and metabolism (ST genes) were identified and categorized into different subfamilies based on the phylogenetic analysis, and their protein physicochemical properties were also predicted. Tissue-specific analysis showed that most of the genes were highly expressed in stems and petals, and it was mainly the MST (monosaccharide transporter) genes that were obviously expressed in petals during the S4 stage, suggesting that they may be associated with the accumulation of carbohydrates in flowers and thus affect flower development process. LoSWEET14 (the Sugar will eventually be exported transporters) was significantly correlated with starch in scales and with soluble sugar in leaves. Sugar transporters LoHXT6 and LoSUT1 were significantly correlated with soluble sugar and sucrose in leaves, suggesting that these genes may play key roles in the accumulation and transportation of assimilates in lilies. In addition, we analyzed the expression patterns of ST genes under different abiotic stresses, and the results showed that all genes were significantly upregulated. This study lays a solid foundation for further research on molecular mechanism of sink-source change and response to abiotic stresses in lilies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zeng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, China National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, College of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (Z.Z.); (X.J.); (Y.C.)
| | - Tong Lyu
- Beijing Flower Engineering Technology Research Center, Plant Institute, Management Department of Beijing Botanical Garden, Beijing 100094, China;
| | - Xin Jia
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, China National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, College of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (Z.Z.); (X.J.); (Y.C.)
| | - Yue Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, China National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, College of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (Z.Z.); (X.J.); (Y.C.)
| | - Yingmin Lyu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, China National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, College of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (Z.Z.); (X.J.); (Y.C.)
- Correspondence:
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25
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Gautam T, Dutta M, Jaiswal V, Zinta G, Gahlaut V, Kumar S. Emerging Roles of SWEET Sugar Transporters in Plant Development and Abiotic Stress Responses. Cells 2022; 11:cells11081303. [PMID: 35455982 PMCID: PMC9031177 DOI: 10.3390/cells11081303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Sugars are the major source of energy in living organisms and play important roles in osmotic regulation, cell signaling and energy storage. SWEETs (Sugars Will Eventually be Exported Transporters) are the most recent family of sugar transporters that function as uniporters, facilitating the diffusion of sugar molecules across cell membranes. In plants, SWEETs play roles in multiple physiological processes including phloem loading, senescence, pollen nutrition, grain filling, nectar secretion, abiotic (drought, heat, cold, and salinity) and biotic stress regulation. In this review, we summarized the role of SWEET transporters in plant development and abiotic stress. The gene expression dynamics of various SWEET transporters under various abiotic stresses in different plant species are also discussed. Finally, we discuss the utilization of genome editing tools (TALENs and CRISPR/Cas9) to engineer SWEET genes that can facilitate trait improvement. Overall, recent advancements on SWEETs are highlighted, which could be used for crop trait improvement and abiotic stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tinku Gautam
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut 250004, India;
| | - Madhushree Dutta
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur 176061, India; (M.D.); (V.J.); (G.Z.); (S.K.)
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Vandana Jaiswal
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur 176061, India; (M.D.); (V.J.); (G.Z.); (S.K.)
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Gaurav Zinta
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur 176061, India; (M.D.); (V.J.); (G.Z.); (S.K.)
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Vijay Gahlaut
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur 176061, India; (M.D.); (V.J.); (G.Z.); (S.K.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur 176061, India; (M.D.); (V.J.); (G.Z.); (S.K.)
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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26
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McEvoy SL, Sezen UU, Trouern‐Trend A, McMahon SM, Schaberg PG, Yang J, Wegrzyn JL, Swenson NG. Strategies of tolerance reflected in two North American maple genomes. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 109:1591-1613. [PMID: 34967059 PMCID: PMC9304320 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The first chromosome‐scale assemblies for North American members of the Acer genus, sugar maple (Acer saccharum) and boxelder (Acer negundo), as well as transcriptomic evaluation of the abiotic stress response in A. saccharum are reported. This integrated study describes in‐depth aspects contributing to each species' approach to tolerance and applies current knowledge in many areas of plant genome biology with Acer physiology to help convey the genomic complexities underlying tolerance in broadleaf tree species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan L. McEvoy
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsConnecticut06269USA
| | - U. Uzay Sezen
- Smithsonian Environmental Research CenterEdgewaterMaryland21037USA
| | - Alexander Trouern‐Trend
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsConnecticut06269USA
| | - Sean M. McMahon
- Smithsonian Environmental Research CenterEdgewaterMaryland21037USA
| | - Paul G. Schaberg
- Forest ServiceU.S. Department of Agriculture, Northern Research StationBurlingtonVermont05405USA
| | - Jie Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesMengla666303YunnanChina
| | - Jill L. Wegrzyn
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsConnecticut06269USA
| | - Nathan G. Swenson
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of Notre DameNotre DameIndiana46556USA
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27
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Salvi P, Agarrwal R, Gandass N, Manna M, Kaur H, Deshmukh R. Sugar transporters and their molecular tradeoffs during abiotic stress responses in plants. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2022; 174:e13652. [PMID: 35174495 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Sugars as photosynthates are well known as energy providers and as building blocks of various structural components of plant cells, tissues and organs. Additionally, as a part of various sugar signaling pathways, they interact with other cellular machinery and influence many important cellular decisions in plants. Sugar signaling is further reliant on the differential distribution of sugars throughout the plant system. The distribution of sugars from source to sink tissues or within organelles of plant cells is a highly regulated process facilitated by various sugar transporters located in plasma membranes and organelle membranes, respectively. Sugar distribution, as well as signaling, is impacted during unfavorable environments such as extreme temperatures, salt, nutrient scarcity, or drought. Here, we have discussed the mechanism of sugar transport via various types of sugar transporters as well as their differential response during environmental stress exposure. The functional involvement of sugar transporters in plant's abiotic stress tolerance is also discussed. Besides, we have also highlighted the challenges in engineering sugar transporter proteins as well as the undeciphered modules associated with sugar transporters in plants. Thus, this review provides a comprehensive discussion on the role and regulation of sugar transporters during abiotic stresses and enables us to target the candidate sugar transporter(s) for crop improvement to develop climate-resilient crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prafull Salvi
- Department of Agriculture Biotechnology, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | | | - Nishu Gandass
- Department of Agriculture Biotechnology, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Mrinalini Manna
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Harmeet Kaur
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Rupesh Deshmukh
- Department of Agriculture Biotechnology, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, Punjab, India
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28
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Genome-wide in silico analysis indicates the involvement of OsSWEET transporters in abiotic and heavy metal (loid) stress responses in rice. Biologia (Bratisl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11756-022-01022-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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29
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Ji J, Yang L, Fang Z, Zhang Y, Zhuang M, Lv H, Wang Y. Plant SWEET Family of Sugar Transporters: Structure, Evolution and Biological Functions. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12020205. [PMID: 35204707 PMCID: PMC8961523 DOI: 10.3390/biom12020205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The SWEET (sugars will eventually be exported transporter) family was identified as a new class of sugar transporters that function as bidirectional uniporters/facilitators and facilitate the diffusion of sugars across cell membranes along a concentration gradient. SWEETs are found widely in plants and play central roles in many biochemical processes, including the phloem loading of sugar for long-distance transport, pollen nutrition, nectar secretion, seed filling, fruit development, plant–pathogen interactions and responses to abiotic stress. This review focuses on advances of the plant SWEETs, including details about their discovery, characteristics of protein structure, evolution and physiological functions. In addition, we discuss the applications of SWEET in plant breeding. This review provides more in-depth and comprehensive information to help elucidate the molecular basis of the function of SWEETs in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialei Ji
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-10-82108756
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30
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Mathiazhagan M, Chidambara B, Hunashikatti LR, Ravishankar KV. Genomic Approaches for Improvement of Tropical Fruits: Fruit Quality, Shelf Life and Nutrient Content. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:1881. [PMID: 34946829 PMCID: PMC8701245 DOI: 10.3390/genes12121881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The breeding of tropical fruit trees for improving fruit traits is complicated, due to the long juvenile phase, generation cycle, parthenocarpy, polyploidy, polyembryony, heterozygosity and biotic and abiotic factors, as well as a lack of good genomic resources. Many molecular techniques have recently evolved to assist and hasten conventional breeding efforts. Molecular markers linked to fruit development and fruit quality traits such as fruit shape, size, texture, aroma, peel and pulp colour were identified in tropical fruit crops, facilitating Marker-assisted breeding (MAB). An increase in the availability of genome sequences of tropical fruits further aided in the discovery of SNP variants/Indels, QTLs and genes that can ascertain the genetic determinants of fruit characters. Through multi-omics approaches such as genomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics and proteomics, the identification and quantification of transcripts, including non-coding RNAs, involved in sugar metabolism, fruit development and ripening, shelf life, and the biotic and abiotic stress that impacts fruit quality were made possible. Utilizing genomic assisted breeding methods such as genome wide association (GWAS), genomic selection (GS) and genetic modifications using CRISPR/Cas9 and transgenics has paved the way to studying gene function and developing cultivars with desirable fruit traits by overcoming long breeding cycles. Such comprehensive multi-omics approaches related to fruit characters in tropical fruits and their applications in breeding strategies and crop improvement are reviewed, discussed and presented here.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Kundapura V. Ravishankar
- Division of Basic Sciences, ICAR Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta Lake Post, Bengaluru 560089, India; (M.M.); (B.C.); (L.R.H.)
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Xuan C, Lan G, Si F, Zeng Z, Wang C, Yadav V, Wei C, Zhang X. Systematic Genome-Wide Study and Expression Analysis of SWEET Gene Family: Sugar Transporter Family Contributes to Biotic and Abiotic Stimuli in Watermelon. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:8407. [PMID: 34445115 PMCID: PMC8395094 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The SWEET (Sugars Will Eventually be Exported Transporter) proteins are a novel family of sugar transporters that play key roles in sugar efflux, signal transduction, plant growth and development, plant-pathogen interactions, and stress tolerance. In this study, 22 ClaSWEET genes were identified in Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) through homology searches and classified into four groups by phylogenetic analysis. The genes with similar structures, conserved domains, and motifs were clustered into the same groups. Further analysis of the gene promoter regions uncovered various growth, development, and biotic and abiotic stress responsive cis-regulatory elements. Tissue-specific analysis showed most of the genes were highly expressed in male flowers and the roots of cultivated varieties and wild cultivars. In addition, qRT-PCR results further imply that ClaSWEET proteins might be involved in resistance to Fusarium oxysporum infection. Moreover, a significantly higher expression level of these genes under various abiotic stresses suggests its multifaceted role in mediating plant responses to drought, salt, and low-temperature stress. The genome-wide characterization and phylogenetic analysis of ClaSWEET genes, together with the expression patterns in different tissues and stimuli, lays a solid foundation for future research into their molecular function in watermelon developmental processes and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changqing Xuan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China; (C.X.); (G.L.); (F.S.); (Z.Z.); (C.W.); (V.Y.)
| | - Guangpu Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China; (C.X.); (G.L.); (F.S.); (Z.Z.); (C.W.); (V.Y.)
| | - Fengfei Si
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China; (C.X.); (G.L.); (F.S.); (Z.Z.); (C.W.); (V.Y.)
| | - Zhilong Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China; (C.X.); (G.L.); (F.S.); (Z.Z.); (C.W.); (V.Y.)
| | - Chunxia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China; (C.X.); (G.L.); (F.S.); (Z.Z.); (C.W.); (V.Y.)
| | - Vivek Yadav
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China; (C.X.); (G.L.); (F.S.); (Z.Z.); (C.W.); (V.Y.)
| | - Chunhua Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China; (C.X.); (G.L.); (F.S.); (Z.Z.); (C.W.); (V.Y.)
| | - Xian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China; (C.X.); (G.L.); (F.S.); (Z.Z.); (C.W.); (V.Y.)
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation, Tianjin 300384, China
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32
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Yu X, Ali MM, Li B, Fang T, Chen F. Transcriptome data-based identification of candidate genes involved in metabolism and accumulation of soluble sugars during fruit development in 'Huangguan' plum. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13878. [PMID: 34337770 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Fruit sweetness being an important factor of organoleptic quality directly affects the consumers' preferences for fresh fruit consumption, and is influenced by the composition and quantity of sugars. In this study, four soluble sugars (sucrose, fructose, glucose, and sorbitol) were identified and quantified in plum fruits cv. 'Huangguan' at four different maturity stages (fruitlet, green, veraison, and mature stage). The results revealed that sucrose and glucose are major soluble sugar components at the fruitlet and mature stages, respectively. RNA-Seq analysis was carried out and 6,778 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, including 121 genes involved in sugar metabolism. Furthermore, a total of 39 transcripts of 8 gene families encoding key enzymes related to the metabolism and accumulation of soluble sugars were separately identified. ERD6L (gene 103322904) was involved in keeping a balance of glucose between the inside and outside of vacuole. SS (gene 103333990) and SDH (gene 103335104) regulated the accumulation of fructose at the green stage. SDH (gene 103335104) controlled the degradation of sorbitol at the green stage. SS (gene 103333990) and PFK (gene 103333391) regulated the degradation of sucrose at the early stages of fruit development. Moreover, NINV (gene 103331108) regulated the accumulation of total sugar in plum. Genes 103321334 and 103335689 were important bZIP transcription factors that regulate the accumulation of glucose and fructose in fruits. Twelve DEGs were selected and validated to observe the relative accuracy of transcriptome sequencing data using qRT-PCR. Gene expression patterns were consistent between qRT-PCR and RNA-Seq data, indicating the reliability of RNA-Seq data. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The results of this study provided new insights into comprehensive understanding of the genetic control of sugar metabolism and accumulation in plum fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinmiao Yu
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Moaaz Ali
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Binqi Li
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.,Institute of Subtropical Fruits, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ting Fang
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Faxing Chen
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.,Institute of Subtropical Fruits, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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33
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Gupta PK, Balyan HS, Gautam T. SWEET genes and TAL effectors for disease resistance in plants: Present status and future prospects. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2021; 22:1014-1026. [PMID: 34076324 PMCID: PMC8295518 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.13075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
SWEET genes encode sugar transporter proteins and often function as susceptibility (S) genes. Consequently, the recessive alleles of these SWEET genes provide resistance. This review summarizes the available literature on the molecular basis of the role of SWEET genes (as S genes) in the host and corresponding transcription activator-like effectors (TALEs) secreted by the pathogen. The review has four major sections, which follow a brief introduction: The first part gives some details about the occurrence and evolution of SWEET genes in approximately 30 plant species; the second part gives some details about systems where (a) SWEET genes with and without TALEs and (b) TALEs without SWEET genes cause different diseases; the third part summarizes the available information about TALEs along with interfering/truncated TALEs secreted by the pathogens; this section also summarizes the available information on effector-binding elements (EBEs) available in the promoters of either the SWEET genes or the Executor R genes; the code that is used for binding of TALEs to EBEs is also described in this section; the fourth part gives some details about the available approaches that are being used or can be used in the future for exploiting SWEET genes for developing disease-resistant cultivars. The review concludes with a section giving conclusions and future possibilities of using SWEET genes for developing disease-resistant cultivars using different approaches, including conventional breeding and genome editing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tinku Gautam
- Department of Genetics and Plant BreedingCCS UniversityMeerutIndia
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34
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Lin Q, Zhong Q, Zhang Z. Identification and functional analysis of SWEET gene family in Averrhoa carambola L. fruits during ripening. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11404. [PMID: 34131516 PMCID: PMC8174149 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Sugar Will Eventually be Exported Transporters (SWEETs), a type of sugar efflux transporters, have been extensively researched upon due to their role in phloem loading for distant sugar transport, fruit development, and stress regulation, etc. Several plant species are known to possess the SWEET genes; however, little is known about their presence in Averrhoa Carambola L. (Oxalidaceae), an evergreen fruit crop (star fruit) in tropical and subtropical regions of Southeast Asia. In this study, we established an Averrhoa Carambola L. unigenes library from fruits of ‘XianMiyangtao’ (XM) by RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). A total of 99,319 unigenes, each longer than 200 bp with a total length was 72.00 Mb, were identified. A total of 51,642 unigenes (52.00%) were annotated. Additionally, 10 AcSWEET genes from the Averrhoa Carambola L. unigenes library were identified and classified, followed by a comprehensive analysis of their structures and conserved motif compositions, and evolutionary relationships. Moreover, the expression patterns of AcSWEETs in ‘XM’ cultivars during fruit ripening were confirmed using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), combined with the soluble sugar and titratable acids content during ripening, showed that AcSWEET2a/2b and AcSWEET16b might participate in sugar transport during fruit ripening. This work presents a general profile of the AcSWEET gene family in Averrhoa Carambola L., which can be used to perform further studies on elucidating the functional roles of AcSWEET genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihua Lin
- Fruit Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qiuzhen Zhong
- Fruit Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zehuang Zhang
- Fruit Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, China
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35
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Breia R, Conde A, Badim H, Fortes AM, Gerós H, Granell A. Plant SWEETs: from sugar transport to plant-pathogen interaction and more unexpected physiological roles. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 186:836-852. [PMID: 33724398 PMCID: PMC8195505 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Sugars Will Eventually be Exported Transporters (SWEETs) have important roles in numerous physiological mechanisms where sugar efflux is critical, including phloem loading, nectar secretion, seed nutrient filling, among other less expected functions. They mediate low affinity and high capacity transport, and in angiosperms this family is composed by 20 paralogs on average. As SWEETs facilitate the efflux of sugars, they are highly susceptible to hijacking by pathogens, making them central players in plant-pathogen interaction. For instance, several species from the Xanthomonas genus are able to upregulate the transcription of SWEET transporters in rice (Oryza sativa), upon the secretion of transcription-activator-like effectors. Other pathogens, such as Botrytis cinerea or Erysiphe necator, are also capable of increasing SWEET expression. However, the opposite behavior has been observed in some cases, as overexpression of the tonoplast AtSWEET2 during Pythium irregulare infection restricted sugar availability to the pathogen, rendering plants more resistant. Therefore, a clear-cut role for SWEET transporters during plant-pathogen interactions has so far been difficult to define, as the metabolic signatures and their regulatory nodes, which decide the susceptibility or resistance responses, remain poorly understood. This fuels the still ongoing scientific question: what roles can SWEETs play during plant-pathogen interaction? Likewise, the roles of SWEET transporters in response to abiotic stresses are little understood. Here, in addition to their relevance in biotic stress, we also provide a small glimpse of SWEETs importance during plant abiotic stress, and briefly debate their importance in the particular case of grapevine (Vitis vinifera) due to its socioeconomic impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Breia
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Department of Biology, University of Minho, Braga 4710-057, Portugal
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real 5001-801, Portugal
| | - Artur Conde
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Department of Biology, University of Minho, Braga 4710-057, Portugal
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real 5001-801, Portugal
- Author for communication:
| | - Hélder Badim
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Department of Biology, University of Minho, Braga 4710-057, Portugal
| | - Ana Margarida Fortes
- Lisbon Science Faculty, BioISI, University of Lisbon, Campo Grande, Lisbon 1749-016, Portugal
| | - Hernâni Gerós
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Department of Biology, University of Minho, Braga 4710-057, Portugal
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real 5001-801, Portugal
- Centre of Biological Engineering (CEB), Department of Engineering, University of Minho, Braga 4710-057, Portugal
| | - Antonio Granell
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Plants, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Polytechnic University of Valencia, Valencia 46022, Spain
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36
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Jiang L, Song C, Zhu X, Yang J. SWEET Transporters and the Potential Functions of These Sequences in Tea ( Camellia sinensis). Front Genet 2021; 12:655843. [PMID: 33868386 PMCID: PMC8044585 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.655843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Tea (Camellia sinensis) is an important economic beverage crop. Its flowers and leaves could be used as healthcare tea for its medicinal value. SWEET proteins were recently identified in plants as sugar transporters, which participate in diverse physiological processes, including pathogen nutrition, seed filling, nectar secretion, and phloem loading. Although SWEET genes have been characterized and identified in model plants, such as Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa, there is very little knowledge of these genes in C. sinensis. In this study, 28 CsSWEETs were identified in C. sinensis and further phylogenetically divided into four subfamilies with A. thaliana. These identified CsSWEETs contained seven transmembrane helixes (TMHs) which were generated by an ancestral three-TMH unit with an internal duplication experience. Microsynteny analysis revealed that the large-scale duplication events were the main driving forces for members from CsSWEET family expansion in C. sinensis. The expression profiles of the 28 CsSWEETs revealed that some genes were highly expressed in reproductive tissues. Among them, CsSWEET1a might play crucial roles in the efflux of sucrose, and CsSWEET17b could control fructose content as a hexose transporter in C. sinensis. Remarkably, CsSWEET12 and CsSWEET17c were specifically expressed in flowers, indicating that these two genes might be involved in sugar transport during flower development. The expression patterns of all CsSWEETs were differentially regulated under cold and drought treatments. This work provided a systematic understanding of the members from the CsSWEET gene family, which would be helpful for further functional studies of CsSWEETs in C. sinensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Jiang
- Central Laboratory, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.,Key Laboratory of Non-coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institution, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Cheng Song
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, Luan, China
| | - Xi Zhu
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jianke Yang
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
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37
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Wipf D, Pfister C, Mounier A, Leborgne-Castel N, Frommer WB, Courty PE. Identification of Putative Interactors of Arabidopsis Sugar Transporters. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 26:13-22. [PMID: 33071187 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2020.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Hexoses and disaccharides are the key carbon sources for essentially all physiological processes across kingdoms. In plants, sucrose, and in some cases raffinose and stachyose, are transported from the site of synthesis in leaves, the sources, to all other organs that depend on import, the sinks. Sugars also play key roles in interactions with beneficial and pathogenic microbes. Sugar transport is mediated by transport proteins that fall into super-families. Sugar transporter (ST) activity is tuned at different levels, including transcriptional and posttranslational levels. Understanding the ST interactome has a great potential to uncover important players in biologically and physiologically relevant processes, including, but not limited to Arabidopsis thaliana. Here, we combined ST interactions and coexpression studies to identify potentially relevant interaction networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Wipf
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, Université de Bourgogne, INRAE, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Carole Pfister
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, Université de Bourgogne, INRAE, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Arnaud Mounier
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, Université de Bourgogne, INRAE, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Nathalie Leborgne-Castel
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, Université de Bourgogne, INRAE, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Wolf B Frommer
- Institute for Molecular Physiology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany; Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Pierre-Emmanuel Courty
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, Université de Bourgogne, INRAE, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France.
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38
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Sugar and Hormone Dynamics and the Expression Profiles of SUT/SUC and SWEET Sweet Sugar Transporters during Flower Development in Petunia axillaris. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9121770. [PMID: 33327497 PMCID: PMC7764969 DOI: 10.3390/plants9121770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Flowering is the first committed step of plant sexual reproduction. While the developing flower is a strong sink requiring large quantity of sugars from photosynthetic source tissues, this process is under-temper-spatially controlled via hormone signaling pathway and nutrient availability. Sugar transporters SUT/SUC and SWEET mediate sugars movement across membranes and play a significant role in various physiological processes, including reproductive organ development. In Petunia axillaris, a model ornamental plant, 5 SUT/SUC and 36 SWEET genes are identified in the current version of the genome. Analysis of their gene structure and chromosomal locations reveal that SWEET family is moderately expanded. Most of the transporter genes are abundantly expressed in the flower than in other organs. During the five flower developmental stages, transcript levels of PaSUT1, PaSUT3, PaSWEET13c, PaSWEET9a, PaSWEET1d, PaSWEET5a and PaSWEET14a increase with the maturation of the flower and reach their maximum in the fully open flowers. PaSWEET9c, the nectar-specific PhNEC1 orthologous, is expressed in matured and fully opened flowers. Moreover, determination of sugar concentrations and phytohormone dynamics in flowers at the five developmental stages shows that glucose is the predominant form of sugar in young flowers at the early stage but depletes at the later stage, whereas sucrose accumulates only in maturated flowers prior to the corolla opening. On the other hand, GA3 content and to a less extent IAA and zeatin decreases with the flower development; however, JA, SA and ABA display a remarkable peak at mid- or later flower developmental stage.
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39
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Durán-Soria S, Pott DM, Osorio S, Vallarino JG. Sugar Signaling During Fruit Ripening. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:564917. [PMID: 32983216 PMCID: PMC7485278 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.564917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Sugars play a key role in fruit quality, as they directly influence taste, and thus consumer acceptance. Carbohydrates are the main resources needed by the plant for carbon and energy supply and have been suggested to be involved in all the important developmental processes, including embryogenesis, seed germination, stress responses, and vegetative and reproductive growth. Recently, considerable progresses have been made in understanding regulation of fruit ripening mechanisms, based on the role of ethylene, auxins, abscisic acid, gibberellins, or jasmonic acid, in both climacteric and non-climacteric fruits. However, the role of sugar and its associated molecular network with hormones in the control of fruit development and ripening is still poorly understood. In this review, we focus on sugar signaling mechanisms described up to date in fruits, describing their involvement in ripening-associated processes, such as pigments accumulation, and their association with hormone transduction pathways, as well as their role in stress-related responses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sonia Osorio
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La Mayora”, Universidad de Málaga – Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Málaga, Spain
| | - José G. Vallarino
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La Mayora”, Universidad de Málaga – Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Málaga, Spain
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40
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Zhang R, Niu K, Ma H. Identification and Expression Analysis of the SWEET Gene Family from Poa pratensis Under Abiotic Stresses. DNA Cell Biol 2020; 39:1606-1620. [PMID: 32749870 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2020.5418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The sugars will eventually be exported transporters (SWEET) gene family is a glycoprotein gene family that can regulate the transport of sugar in plants and plays an important role in plant growth and development, as well as in response to environmental stress. In this study, Kentucky bluegrass (cv. Baron) seedlings were grown in various treatments, including heavy metal cadmium, salt, drought, cold, and heat stress for 6 h, 24 h, 48 h, and 7 day. The relative expression of the identified PpSWEET genes in Kentucky bluegrass was measured. The results showed there were a total of 13 SWEET genes, which could be divided into four clades by phylogenetic analysis. Most PpSWEET genes are alkali proteins with seven transmembrane helices. Moreover, almost all PpSWEET proteins possess similar conserved motifs and active sites. In addition, an analysis of the relative expression of PpSWEET genes under various stress treatments indicated that PpSWEET12 and PpSWEET15 had very high expression under the five types of stress, meaning they can be used as important candidate genes for studying responses to environmental stresses of turfgrass. Furthermore, certain genes only showed changes in expression under one or two specific stress treatments. This study provides important insight into the SWEET gene family in Kentucky bluegrass and its functional roles in responses to various environmental stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Zhang
- College of Grassland Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystems, The Ministry of Education of China, Lanzhou, China
| | - Kuiju Niu
- College of Grassland Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystems, The Ministry of Education of China, Lanzhou, China
| | - Huiling Ma
- College of Grassland Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystems, The Ministry of Education of China, Lanzhou, China
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Jiang S, Balan B, Assis RDAB, Sagawa CHD, Wan X, Han S, Wang L, Zhang L, Zaini PA, Walawage SL, Jacobson A, Lee SH, Moreira LM, Leslie CA, Dandekar AM. Genome-Wide Profiling and Phylogenetic Analysis of the SWEET Sugar Transporter Gene Family in Walnut and Their Lack of Responsiveness to Xanthomonas arboricola pv. juglandis Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21041251. [PMID: 32070009 PMCID: PMC7072939 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Following photosynthesis, sucrose is translocated to sink organs, where it provides the primary source of carbon and energy to sustain plant growth and development. Sugar transporters from the SWEET (sugar will eventually be exported transporter) family are rate-limiting factors that mediate sucrose transport across concentration gradients, sustain yields, and participate in reproductive development, plant senescence, stress responses, as well as support plant-pathogen interaction, the focus of this study. We identified 25 SWEET genes in the walnut genome and distinguished each by its individual gene structure and pattern of expression in different walnut tissues. Their chromosomal locations, cis-acting motifs within their 5' regulatory elements, and phylogenetic relationship patterns provided the first comprehensive analysis of the SWEET gene family of sugar transporters in walnut. This family is divided into four clades, the analysis of which suggests duplication and expansion of the SWEET gene family in Juglans regia. In addition, tissue-specific gene expression signatures suggest diverse possible functions for JrSWEET genes. Although these are commonly used by pathogens to harness sugar products from their plant hosts, little was known about their role during Xanthomonas arboricola pv. juglandis (Xaj) infection. We monitored the expression profiles of the JrSWEET genes in different tissues of "Chandler" walnuts when challenged with pathogen Xaj417 and concluded that SWEET-mediated sugar translocation from the host is not a trigger for walnut blight disease development. This may be directly related to the absence of type III secretion system-dependent transcription activator-like effectors (TALEs) in Xaj417, which suggests different strategies are employed by this pathogen to promote susceptibility to this major aboveground disease of walnuts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijiao Jiang
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (S.J.); (B.B.); (R.d.A.B.A.); (C.H.D.S.); (L.W.); (L.Z.); (P.A.Z.); (S.L.W.); (A.J.); (S.H.L.); (C.A.L.)
- College of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637000, China
| | - Bipin Balan
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (S.J.); (B.B.); (R.d.A.B.A.); (C.H.D.S.); (L.W.); (L.Z.); (P.A.Z.); (S.L.W.); (A.J.); (S.H.L.); (C.A.L.)
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie Alimentari Forestali, Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze Ed. 4, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Renata de A. B. Assis
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (S.J.); (B.B.); (R.d.A.B.A.); (C.H.D.S.); (L.W.); (L.Z.); (P.A.Z.); (S.L.W.); (A.J.); (S.H.L.); (C.A.L.)
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto 35400-000, Brazil;
| | - Cintia H. D. Sagawa
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (S.J.); (B.B.); (R.d.A.B.A.); (C.H.D.S.); (L.W.); (L.Z.); (P.A.Z.); (S.L.W.); (A.J.); (S.H.L.); (C.A.L.)
| | - Xueqin Wan
- Department of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (X.W.); (S.H.)
| | - Shan Han
- Department of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (X.W.); (S.H.)
| | - Le Wang
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (S.J.); (B.B.); (R.d.A.B.A.); (C.H.D.S.); (L.W.); (L.Z.); (P.A.Z.); (S.L.W.); (A.J.); (S.H.L.); (C.A.L.)
| | - Lanlan Zhang
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (S.J.); (B.B.); (R.d.A.B.A.); (C.H.D.S.); (L.W.); (L.Z.); (P.A.Z.); (S.L.W.); (A.J.); (S.H.L.); (C.A.L.)
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Food Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Paulo A. Zaini
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (S.J.); (B.B.); (R.d.A.B.A.); (C.H.D.S.); (L.W.); (L.Z.); (P.A.Z.); (S.L.W.); (A.J.); (S.H.L.); (C.A.L.)
| | - Sriema L. Walawage
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (S.J.); (B.B.); (R.d.A.B.A.); (C.H.D.S.); (L.W.); (L.Z.); (P.A.Z.); (S.L.W.); (A.J.); (S.H.L.); (C.A.L.)
| | - Aaron Jacobson
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (S.J.); (B.B.); (R.d.A.B.A.); (C.H.D.S.); (L.W.); (L.Z.); (P.A.Z.); (S.L.W.); (A.J.); (S.H.L.); (C.A.L.)
| | - Steven H. Lee
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (S.J.); (B.B.); (R.d.A.B.A.); (C.H.D.S.); (L.W.); (L.Z.); (P.A.Z.); (S.L.W.); (A.J.); (S.H.L.); (C.A.L.)
| | - Leandro M. Moreira
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto 35400-000, Brazil;
| | - Charles A. Leslie
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (S.J.); (B.B.); (R.d.A.B.A.); (C.H.D.S.); (L.W.); (L.Z.); (P.A.Z.); (S.L.W.); (A.J.); (S.H.L.); (C.A.L.)
| | - Abhaya M. Dandekar
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (S.J.); (B.B.); (R.d.A.B.A.); (C.H.D.S.); (L.W.); (L.Z.); (P.A.Z.); (S.L.W.); (A.J.); (S.H.L.); (C.A.L.)
- Correspondence:
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Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the StSWEET family genes in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). Genes Genomics 2019; 42:135-153. [PMID: 31782074 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-019-00890-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The sugar will eventually be exported transporter (SWEET) family is a novel type of membrane-embedded sugar transporter that contains seven transmembrane helices with two MtN3/saliva domains. The SWEET family plays crucial roles in multiple processes, including carbohydrate transportation, development, environmental adaptability and host-pathogen interactions. Although SWEET genes, especially those involved in response to biotic stresses, have been extensively characterized in many plants, they have not yet been studied in potato. OBJECTIVE The identification of StSWEET genes provides important candidates for further functional analysis and lays the foundation for the production of good quality and high yield potatoes through molecular breeding. METHODS In this study, StSWEET genes were identified using a genome-wide search method. A comprehensive analysis of StSWEET family through bioinformatics methods, such as phylogenetic tree, gene structure and promoter prediction analysis. The expression profiles of StSWEET genes in different potato tissues and under P. infestans attack and sugar stress were studied using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). RESULTS Phylogenetic analysis classified 33 StSWEET genes into four groups containing 12, 5, 12 and 4 genes. Furthermore, the gene structures and conserved motifs found that the StSWEET genes are very conservative during evolution. The chromosomal localization pattern showed that the distribution and density of the StSWEETs on 10 potato chromosomes were uneven and basically clustered. Predictive promoter analysis indicated that StSWEET proteins are associated with cell growth, development, secondary metabolism, and response to biotic and abiotic stresses. Finally, the expression patterns of the StSWEET genes in different tissues and the induction of P. infestans and the process of the sugar stress were investigated to obtain the tissue-specific and stress-responsive candidates. CONCLUSION This study systematically identifies the SWEET gene family in potato at the genome-wide level, providing important candidates for further functional analysis and contributing to a better understanding of the molecular basis of development and tolerance in potato.
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Xie H, Wang D, Qin Y, Ma A, Fu J, Qin Y, Hu G, Zhao J. Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of SWEET gene family in Litchi chinensis reveal the involvement of LcSWEET2a/3b in early seed development. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 19:499. [PMID: 31726992 PMCID: PMC6857300 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-019-2120-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND SWEETs (Sugar Will Eventually be Exported transporters) function as sugar efflux transporters that perform diverse physiological functions, including phloem loading, nectar secretion, seed filling, and pathogen nutrition. The SWEET gene family has been identified and characterized in a number of plant species, but little is known about in Litchi chinensis, which is an important evergreen fruit crop. RESULTS In this study, 16 LcSWEET genes were identified and nominated according to its homologous genes in Arabidopsis and grapevine. Multiple sequence alignment showed that the 7 alpha-helical transmembrane domains (7-TMs) were basically conserved in LcSWEETs. The LcSWEETs were divided into four clades (Clade I to Clade IV) by phylogenetic tree analysis. A total of 8 predicted motifs were detected in the litchi LcSWEET genes. The 16 LcSWEET genes were unevenly distributed in 9 chromosomes and there was one pairs of segmental duplicated events by synteny analysis. The expression patterns of the 16 LcSWEET genes showed higher expression levels in reproductive organs. The temporal and spatial expression patterns of LcSWEET2a and LcSWEET3b indicated they play central roles during early seed development. CONCLUSIONS The litchi genome contained 16 SWEET genes, and most of the genes were expressed in different tissues. Gene expression suggested that LcSWEETs played important roles in the growth and development of litchi fruits. Genes that regulate early seed development were preliminarily identified. This work provides a comprehensive understanding of the SWEET gene family in litchi, laying a strong foundation for further functional studies of LcSWEET genes and improvement of litchi fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanhan Xie
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (South China) of Ministry of Agriculture/Guangdong litchi engineering research center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (South China) of Ministry of Agriculture/Guangdong litchi engineering research center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaqi Qin
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (South China) of Ministry of Agriculture/Guangdong litchi engineering research center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Anna Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (South China) of Ministry of Agriculture/Guangdong litchi engineering research center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaxin Fu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (South China) of Ministry of Agriculture/Guangdong litchi engineering research center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yonghua Qin
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (South China) of Ministry of Agriculture/Guangdong litchi engineering research center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guibing Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (South China) of Ministry of Agriculture/Guangdong litchi engineering research center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jietang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (South China) of Ministry of Agriculture/Guangdong litchi engineering research center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
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Hu B, Wu H, Huang W, Song J, Zhou Y, Lin Y. SWEET Gene Family in Medicago truncatula: Genome-Wide Identification, Expression and Substrate Specificity Analysis. PLANTS 2019; 8:plants8090338. [PMID: 31505820 PMCID: PMC6783836 DOI: 10.3390/plants8090338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
SWEET (Sugars Will Eventually be Exported Transporter) proteins mediate the translocation of sugars across cell membranes and play crucial roles in plant growth and development as well as stress responses. In this study, a total of 25 SWEET genes were identified from the Medicago truncatula genome and were divided into four clades based on the phylogenetic analysis. The MtSWEET genes are distributed unevenly on the M. truncatula chromosomes, and eight and 12 MtSWEET genes are segmentally and tandemly duplicated, respectively. Most MtSWEET genes contain five introns and encode proteins with seven transmembrane helices (TMHs). Besides, nearly all MtSWEET proteins have relatively conserved membrane domains, and contain conserved active sites. Analysis of microarray data showed that some MtSWEET genes are specifically expressed in disparate developmental stages or tissues, such as flowers, developing seeds and nodules. RNA-seq and qRT-PCR expression analysis indicated that many MtSWEET genes are responsive to various abiotic stresses such as cold, drought, and salt treatments. Functional analysis of six selected MtSWEETs in yeast revealed that they possess diverse transport activities for sucrose, fructose, glucose, galactose, and mannose. These results provide new insights into the characteristics of the MtSWEET genes, which lay a solid foundation for further investigating their functional roles in the developmental processes and stress responses of M. truncatula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Hao Wu
- Henry Fok Collge of Life Sciences, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan 512005, China.
| | - Weifeng Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Jianbo Song
- College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China.
| | - Yong Zhou
- College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China.
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China.
| | - Yongjun Lin
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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Jeena GS, Kumar S, Shukla RK. Structure, evolution and diverse physiological roles of SWEET sugar transporters in plants. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 100:351-365. [PMID: 31030374 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-019-00872-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Present review describes the structure, evolution, transport mechanism and physiological functions of SWEETs. Their application using TALENs and CRISPR/CAS9 based genomic editing approach is discussed. Sugars Will Eventually be Exported Transporters (SWEET) proteins were first identified in plants as the novel family of sugar transporters which mediates the translocation of sugars across cell membranes. The SWEET family of sugar transporters is unique in terms of their structure which contains seven predicted transmembrane domains with two internal triple-helix bundles which possibly originate due to prokaryotic gene duplication. SWEETs perform diverse physiological functions such as pollen nutrition, nectar secretion, seed filling, phloem loading, and pathogen nutrition which we have discussed in the present review. We also discuss how transcriptional activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs) and CRISPR/CAS9 genome editing tools are used to engineer SWEET mutants which modulate pathogen resistance in plants and its applications in the field of agriculture. The expression of SWEETs promises to implement insights into many other cellular transport mechanisms. To conclude, the present review highlights the recent aspects which will further develop better understanding of molecular evolution, structure, and function of SWEET transporters in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gajendra Singh Jeena
- Plant Biotechnology Division, Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), P.O. CIMAP, Near Kukrail Picnic Spot, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Sunil Kumar
- Plant Biotechnology Division, Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), P.O. CIMAP, Near Kukrail Picnic Spot, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar Shukla
- Plant Biotechnology Division, Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), P.O. CIMAP, Near Kukrail Picnic Spot, Lucknow, 226015, India.
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Gautam T, Saripalli G, Gahlaut V, Kumar A, Sharma PK, Balyan HS, Gupta PK. Further studies on sugar transporter (SWEET) genes in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Mol Biol Rep 2019; 46:2327-2353. [PMID: 30830588 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-04691-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
SWEET proteins represent one of the largest sugar transporter family in the plant kingdom and play crucial roles in plant development and stress responses. In the present study, a total of 108 TaSWEET genes distributed on all the 21 wheat chromosomes were identified using the latest whole genome sequence (as against 59 genes reported in an earlier report). These 108 genes included 14 of the 17 types reported in Arabidopsis and also included three novel types. Tandem duplications (22) and segmental duplications (5) played a significant role in the expansion of TaSWEET family. A number of cis-elements were also identified in the promoter regions of TaSWEET genes, indicating response of TaSWEET genes during development and also during biotic/abiotic stresses. The TaSWEET proteins carried 4-7 trans-membrane helices (TMHs) showing diversity in structure. Phylogenetic analysis using SWEET proteins of wheat and 8 other species gave four well-known clusters. Expression analysis involving both in silico and in planta indicated relatively higher expression of TaSWEET genes in water/heat sensitive and leaf rust resistant genotypes. The results provided insights into the functional role of TaSWEETs in biotic and abiotic stresses, which may further help in planning strategies to develop high yielding wheat varieties tolerant to environmental stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tinku Gautam
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Ch. Charan Singh University, Meerut, 250004, India
| | - Gautam Saripalli
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Ch. Charan Singh University, Meerut, 250004, India
| | - Vijay Gahlaut
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Anuj Kumar
- Advance Center for Computational & Applied Biotechnology, Uttarakhand Council for Biotechnology (UCB), Dehradun, India
| | - P K Sharma
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Ch. Charan Singh University, Meerut, 250004, India
| | - H S Balyan
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Ch. Charan Singh University, Meerut, 250004, India
| | - P K Gupta
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Ch. Charan Singh University, Meerut, 250004, India.
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Zhang W, Wang S, Yu F, Tang J, Shan X, Bao K, Yu L, Wang H, Fei Z, Li J. Genome-wide characterization and expression profiling of SWEET genes in cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.) reveal their roles in chilling and clubroot disease responses. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:93. [PMID: 30696401 PMCID: PMC6352454 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-5454-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The SWEET proteins are a group of sugar transporters that play a role in sugar efflux during a range of biological processes, including stress responses. However, there has been no comprehensive analysis of the SWEET family genes in Brassica oleracea (BoSWEET), and the evolutionary pattern, phylogenetic relationship, gene characteristics of BoSWEET genes and their expression patterns under biotic and abiotic stresses remain largely unexplored. RESULTS A total of 30 BoSWEET genes were identified and divided into four clades in B. oleracea. Phylogenetic analysis of the BoSWEET proteins indicated that clade II formed first, followed by clade I, clade IV and clade III, successively. Clade III, the newest clade, shows signs of rapid expansion. The Ks values of the orthologous SWEET gene pairs between B. oleracea and Arabidopsis thaliana ranged from 0.30 to 0.45, which estimated that B. oleracea diverged from A. thaliana approximately 10 to 15 million years ago. Prediction of transmembrane regions showed that eight BoSWEET proteins contain one characteristic MtN3_slv domain, twenty-one contain two, and one has four. Quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis revealed that five BoSWEET genes from clades III and IV exhibited reduced expression levels under chilling stress. Additionally, the expression levels of six BoSWEET genes were up-regulated in roots of a clubroot-susceptible cabbage cultivar (CS-JF1) at 7 days after inoculation with Plasmodiophora brassicae compared with uninoculated plants, indicating that these genes may play important roles in transporting sugars into sink roots associated with P. brassicae colonization in CS-JF1. Subcellular localization analysis of a subset of BoSWEET proteins indicated that they are localized in the plasma membrane. CONCLUSIONS This study provides important insights into the evolution of the SWEET gene family in B. oleracea and other species, and represents the first study to characterize phylogenetic relationship, gene structures and expression patterns of the BoSWEET genes. These findings provide new insights into the complex transcriptional regulation of BoSWEET genes, as well as potential candidate BoSWEET genes that promote sugar transport to enhance chilling tolerance and clubroot disease resistance in cabbage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Institute of Vegetable Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014 People’s Republic of China
| | - Shenyun Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Institute of Vegetable Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014 People’s Republic of China
| | - Fangwei Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Institute of Vegetable Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Institute of Vegetable Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xi Shan
- Zhenjiang Agricultural Research Institute, Jurong, Jiangsu 212400 People’s Republic of China
| | - Kan Bao
- Boyce Thompson Institute, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
| | - Li Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Institute of Vegetable Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014 People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Institute of Vegetable Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhangjun Fei
- Boyce Thompson Institute, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
| | - Jianbin Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Institute of Vegetable Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014 People’s Republic of China
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Santos AS, Amorim EP, Ferreira CF, Pirovani CP. Water stress in Musa spp.: A systematic review. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0208052. [PMID: 30507957 PMCID: PMC6277099 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cultivation of bananas and other plants is limited by environmental stresses caused by climate change. In order to recognize physiological, biochemical and molecular components indicated to confer tolerance to water stress in Musa spp. we present the first systematic review on the topic. METHODS A systematic literature review was conducted using four databases for academic research (Google Academic, Springer, CAPES Journal Portal and PubMed Central). In order to avoid publication bias, a previously established protocol and inclusion and exclusion criteria were used. RESULTS The drought tolerance response is genotype-dependent, therefore the most studied varieties are constituted by the "B" genome. Tolerant plants are capable of super-expressing genes related to reisistance and defense response, maintaining the osmotic equilibrium and elimination of free radicals. Furthermore, they have higher amounts of water content, chlorophyll levels, stomatic conductance and dry root matter, when compared to susceptible plants. CONCLUSIONS In recent years, few integrated studies on the effects of water stress on bananas have been carried out and none related to flood stress. Therefore, we highlight the need for new studies on the mechanisms of differentially expressed proteins in response to stress regulation, post-translational mechanisms and epigenetic inheritance in bananas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriadna Souza Santos
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz (UESC), Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil
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Miao H, Sun P, Liu J, Wang J, Xu B, Jin Z. Overexpression of a Novel ROP Gene from the Banana ( MaROP5g) Confers Increased Salt Stress Tolerance. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19103108. [PMID: 30314273 PMCID: PMC6213407 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Revised: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Rho-like GTPases from plants (ROPs) are plant-specific molecular switches that are crucial for plant survival when subjected to abiotic stress. We identified and characterized 17 novel ROP proteins from Musa acuminata (MaROPs) using genomic techniques. The identified MaROPs fell into three of the four previously described ROP groups (Groups II⁻IV), with MaROPs in each group having similar genetic structures and conserved motifs. Our transcriptomic analysis showed that the two banana genotypes tested, Fen Jiao and BaXi Jiao, had similar responses to abiotic stress: Six genes (MaROP-3b, -5a, -5c, -5f, -5g, and -6) were highly expressed in response to cold, salt, and drought stress conditions in both genotypes. Of these, MaROP5g was most highly expressed in response to salt stress. Co-localization experiments showed that the MaROP5g protein was localized at the plasma membrane. When subjected to salt stress, transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana overexpressing MaROP5g had longer primary roots and increased survival rates compared to wild-type A. thaliana. The increased salt tolerance conferred by MaROP5g might be related to reduced membrane injury and the increased cytosolic K⁺/Na⁺ ratio and Ca2+ concentration in the transgenic plants as compared to wild-type. The increased expression of salt overly sensitive (SOS)-pathway genes and calcium-signaling pathway genes in MaROP5g-overexpressing A. thaliana reflected the enhanced tolerance to salt stress by the transgenic lines in comparison to wild-type. Collectively, our results suggested that abiotic stress tolerance in banana plants might be regulated by multiple MaROPs, and that MaROP5g might enhance salt tolerance by increasing root length, improving membrane injury and ion distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia Miao
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Xueyuan Road 4, Haikou 571101, China.
| | - Peiguang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Bananas, Hainan Province, Haikou Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Xueyuan Road 4, Haikou 570102, China.
| | - Juhua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Xueyuan Road 4, Haikou 571101, China.
| | - Jingyi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Xueyuan Road 4, Haikou 571101, China.
| | - Biyu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Xueyuan Road 4, Haikou 571101, China.
| | - Zhiqiang Jin
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Xueyuan Road 4, Haikou 571101, China.
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Bananas, Hainan Province, Haikou Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Xueyuan Road 4, Haikou 570102, China.
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Shammai A, Petreikov M, Yeselson Y, Faigenboim A, Moy-Komemi M, Cohen S, Cohen D, Besaulov E, Efrati A, Houminer N, Bar M, Ast T, Schuldiner M, Klemens PAW, Neuhaus E, Baxter CJ, Rickett D, Bonnet J, White R, Giovannoni JJ, Levin I, Schaffer A. Natural genetic variation for expression of a SWEET transporter among wild species of Solanum lycopersicum (tomato) determines the hexose composition of ripening tomato fruit. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 96:343-357. [PMID: 30044900 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The sugar content of Solanum lycopersicum (tomato) fruit is a primary determinant of taste and quality. Cultivated tomato fruit are characterized by near-equimolar levels of the hexoses glucose and fructose, derived from the hydrolysis of translocated sucrose. As fructose is perceived as approximately twice as sweet as glucose, increasing its concentration at the expense of glucose can improve tomato fruit taste. Introgressions of the FgrH allele from the wild species Solanum habrochaites (LA1777) into cultivated tomato increased the fructose-to-glucose ratio of the ripe fruit by reducing glucose levels and concomitantly increasing fructose levels. In order to identify the function of the Fgr gene, we combined a fine-mapping strategy with RNAseq differential expression analysis of near-isogenic tomato lines. The results indicated that a SWEET protein was strongly upregulated in the lines with a high fructose-to-glucose ratio. Overexpressing the SWEET protein in transgenic tomato plants dramatically reduced the glucose levels and increased the fructose : glucose ratio in the developing fruit, thereby proving the function of the protein. The SWEET protein was localized to the plasma membrane and expression of the SlFgr gene in a yeast line lacking native hexose transporters complemented growth with glucose, but not with fructose. These results indicate that the SlFgr gene encodes a plasma membrane-localized glucose efflux transporter of the SWEET family, the overexpression of which reduces glucose levels and may allow for increased fructose levels. This article identifies the function of the tomato Fgr gene as a SWEET transporter, the upregulation of which leads to a modified sugar accumulation pattern in the fleshy fruit. The results point to the potential of the inedible wild species to improve fruit sugar accumulation via sugar transport mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arik Shammai
- Institute of Plant Sciences Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Marina Petreikov
- Institute of Plant Sciences Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Yelena Yeselson
- Institute of Plant Sciences Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Adi Faigenboim
- Institute of Plant Sciences Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Michal Moy-Komemi
- Institute of Plant Sciences Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Shahar Cohen
- Institute of Plant Sciences Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Dvir Cohen
- Institute of Plant Sciences Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Eduard Besaulov
- Institute of Plant Sciences Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Ari Efrati
- Zeraim-Syngenta Seed Co., Gedera, Israel
| | | | - Moshe Bar
- Zeraim-Syngenta Seed Co., Gedera, Israel
| | - Tslil Ast
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Maya Schuldiner
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute, Rehovot, Israel
| | - P A W Klemens
- Department of Plant Physiology, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Ekkehard Neuhaus
- Department of Plant Physiology, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Charles J Baxter
- Syngenta Seed Co., Jeallott's Hill Research Centre, Bracknell, UK
| | - Dan Rickett
- Syngenta Seed Co., Jeallott's Hill Research Centre, Bracknell, UK
| | - Julien Bonnet
- Syngenta Seed Co., Toulouse Innovation Center, Saint Sauveur, France
| | - Ruth White
- USDA-ARS and Boyce-Thompson Institute, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | | | - Ilan Levin
- Institute of Plant Sciences Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Arthur Schaffer
- Institute of Plant Sciences Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon LeZion, Israel
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