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Liu Y, Peng C, Brorson IS, O'Mahony DG, Kelly RL, Heng YJ, Baker GM, Grenaker Alnæs GI, Bodelon C, Stover DG, Van Allen EM, Eliassen AH, Kristensen VN, Tamimi RM, Kraft P. Germline polygenic risk scores are associated with immune gene expression signature and immune cell infiltration in breast cancer. Am J Hum Genet 2024; 111:2150-2163. [PMID: 39270649 PMCID: PMC11480808 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2024.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) plays key roles in tumor progression and response to immunotherapy. Previous studies have identified individual germline variants associated with differences in TIME. Here, we hypothesize that common variants associated with breast cancer risk or cancer-related traits, represented by polygenic risk scores (PRSs), may jointly influence immune features in TIME. We derived 154 immune traits from bulk gene expression profiles of 764 breast tumors and 598 adjacent normal tissue samples from 825 individuals with breast cancer in the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) and NHSII. Immunohistochemical staining of four immune cell markers were available for a subset of 205 individuals. Germline PRSs were calculated for 16 different traits including breast cancer, autoimmune diseases, type 2 diabetes, ages at menarche and menopause, body mass index (BMI), BMI-adjusted waist-to-hip ratio, alcohol intake, and tobacco smoking. Overall, we identified 44 associations between germline PRSs and immune traits at false discovery rate q < 0.25, including 3 associations with q < 0.05. We observed consistent inverse associations of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and Crohn disease (CD) PRSs with interferon signaling and STAT1 scores in breast tumor and adjacent normal tissue; these associations were replicated in a Norwegian cohort. Inverse associations were also consistently observed for IBD PRS and B cell abundance in normal tissue. We also observed positive associations between CD PRS and endothelial cell abundance in tumor. Our findings suggest that the genetic mechanisms that influence immune-related diseases are also associated with TIME in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxi Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Cheng Peng
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ina S Brorson
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Denise G O'Mahony
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Rebecca L Kelly
- Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Yujing J Heng
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gabrielle M Baker
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Grethe I Grenaker Alnæs
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Clara Bodelon
- Department of Population Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Daniel G Stover
- Division of Medical Oncology, Stefanie Spielman Comprehensive Breast Center, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Biomedical Informatics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Eliezer M Van Allen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Cancer Program, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - A Heather Eliassen
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vessela N Kristensen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Rulla M Tamimi
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Peter Kraft
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA; Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
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2
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Wei W, Wei S, Huang Z, Zhang Q, Liu F, Xie Y, Wei J, Mo C, Zhou Y, Qin S, Zou Q, Yang J. The relationship between women's body mass index and breast cancer outcomes was U-shaped. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1191093. [PMID: 37305586 PMCID: PMC10248463 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1191093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Several studies have analyzed the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and the prognosis of breast cancer (BC). However, whether their relationship is linear or curvilinear remains unclear. This cohort study examined the specific relationship between BMI and BC outcomes. Methods This retrospective cohort study included 1049 BC patients from March 7, 2013 through December 31, 2019 in a hospital. Kaplan-Meier curves, multivariate Cox proportional models, and restricted cubic spline (RCS) was used to analysis the relationship between BMI and overall survival (OS) and breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) was analyzed. Results During a median of 4.87 (IQR:3.26-6.84) years of follow-up period, 71 patients (6.77%) died, of which 50 (70.42%) were attributed to BC. RCS analysis revealed a U- shaped relationship between BMI levels and OS and BCSS after adjusting for other variables. The turning points of the U-shaped curves were 23 kg/m2. On the left side of the turning point, the risk of OS (HR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.70, 0.98) and BCSS (HR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.65, 0.98) were adversely correlated with BMI. In contrast, to the right of the turning point, the risk of OS (HR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.10, 1.37) and BCSS (HR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.13, 1.46) was positively related to BMI. Kaplan-Meier curves and multivariate Cox regression analyses shown consistent results with RCS analyses. Conclusion BMI was an independent prognostic factor for BC, and had a U-shaped relationship with OS and BCSS. Interventions should be designed to improve patient outcomes based on BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wensong Wei
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Suosu Wei
- Department of Scientific Cooperation of Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhen Huang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Qiuhuan Zhang
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Research Center of Medical Sciences, The People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guang-xi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yujie Xie
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jing Wei
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Chongde Mo
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Shengpeng Qin
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Quanqing Zou
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jianrong Yang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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Chan DS, Vieira R, Abar L, Aune D, Balducci K, Cariolou M, Greenwood DC, Markozannes G, Nanu N, Becerra‐Tomás N, Giovannucci EL, Gunter MJ, Jackson AA, Kampman E, Lund V, Allen K, Brockton NT, Croker H, Katsikioti D, McGinley‐Gieser D, Mitrou P, Wiseman M, Cross AJ, Riboli E, Clinton SK, McTiernan A, Norat T, Tsilidis KK. Postdiagnosis body fatness, weight change and breast cancer prognosis: Global Cancer Update Program (CUP global) systematic literature review and meta-analysis. Int J Cancer 2023; 152:572-599. [PMID: 36279884 PMCID: PMC10092239 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Previous evidence on postdiagnosis body fatness and mortality after breast cancer was graded as limited-suggestive. To evaluate the evidence on body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, waist-hip-ratio and weight change in relation to breast cancer prognosis, an updated systematic review was conducted. PubMed and Embase were searched for relevant studies published up to 31 October, 2021. Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted to estimate summary relative risks (RRs). The evidence was judged by an independent Expert Panel using pre-defined grading criteria. One randomized controlled trial and 225 observational studies were reviewed (220 publications). There was strong evidence (likelihood of causality: probable) that higher postdiagnosis BMI was associated with increased all-cause mortality (64 studies, 32 507 deaths), breast cancer-specific mortality (39 studies, 14 106 deaths) and second primary breast cancer (11 studies, 5248 events). The respective summary RRs and 95% confidence intervals per 5 kg/m2 BMI were 1.07 (1.05-1.10), 1.10 (1.06-1.14) and 1.14 (1.04-1.26), with high between-study heterogeneity (I2 = 56%, 60%, 66%), but generally consistent positive associations. Positive associations were also observed for waist circumference, waist-hip-ratio and all-cause and breast cancer-specific mortality. There was limited-suggestive evidence that postdiagnosis BMI was associated with higher risk of recurrence, nonbreast cancer deaths and cardiovascular deaths. The evidence for postdiagnosis (unexplained) weight or BMI change and all outcomes was graded as limited-no conclusion. The RCT showed potential beneficial effect of intentional weight loss on disease-free-survival, but more intervention trials and well-designed observational studies in diverse populations are needed to elucidate the impact of body composition and their changes on breast cancer outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris S.M. Chan
- Department of Epidemiology and BiostatisticsSchool of Public Health, Imperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Rita Vieira
- Department of Epidemiology and BiostatisticsSchool of Public Health, Imperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Leila Abar
- Department of Epidemiology and BiostatisticsSchool of Public Health, Imperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Dagfinn Aune
- Department of Epidemiology and BiostatisticsSchool of Public Health, Imperial College LondonLondonUK
- Department of NutritionBjørknes University CollegeOsloNorway
- Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive MedicineOslo University HospitalOsloNorway
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Katia Balducci
- Department of Epidemiology and BiostatisticsSchool of Public Health, Imperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Margarita Cariolou
- Department of Epidemiology and BiostatisticsSchool of Public Health, Imperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Darren C. Greenwood
- Leeds Institute for Data Analytics, Faculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Georgios Markozannes
- Department of Epidemiology and BiostatisticsSchool of Public Health, Imperial College LondonLondonUK
- Department of Hygiene and EpidemiologyUniversity of Ioannina Medical SchoolIoanninaGreece
| | - Neesha Nanu
- Department of Epidemiology and BiostatisticsSchool of Public Health, Imperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Nerea Becerra‐Tomás
- Department of Epidemiology and BiostatisticsSchool of Public Health, Imperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Edward L. Giovannucci
- Department of EpidemiologyHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Marc J. Gunter
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on CancerLyonFrance
| | - Alan A. Jackson
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Human Development and HealthUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK
- National Institute of Health Research Cancer and Nutrition CollaborationSouthamptonUK
| | - Ellen Kampman
- Division of Human Nutrition and HealthWageningen University & ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Vivien Lund
- World Cancer Research Fund InternationalLondonUK
| | - Kate Allen
- World Cancer Research Fund InternationalLondonUK
| | | | - Helen Croker
- World Cancer Research Fund InternationalLondonUK
| | | | | | | | | | - Amanda J. Cross
- Department of Epidemiology and BiostatisticsSchool of Public Health, Imperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Elio Riboli
- Department of Epidemiology and BiostatisticsSchool of Public Health, Imperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Steven K. Clinton
- Division of Medical Oncology, The Department of Internal MedicineCollege of Medicine and Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Anne McTiernan
- Division of Public Health SciencesFred Hutchinson Cancer Research CenterSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Teresa Norat
- Department of Epidemiology and BiostatisticsSchool of Public Health, Imperial College LondonLondonUK
- World Cancer Research Fund InternationalLondonUK
| | - Konstantinos K. Tsilidis
- Department of Epidemiology and BiostatisticsSchool of Public Health, Imperial College LondonLondonUK
- Department of Hygiene and EpidemiologyUniversity of Ioannina Medical SchoolIoanninaGreece
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4
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Cheng E, Kirley J, Cespedes Feliciano EM, Caan BJ. Adiposity and cancer survival: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Cancer Causes Control 2022; 33:1219-1246. [PMID: 35971021 PMCID: PMC10101770 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-022-01613-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The increasing availability of clinical imaging tests (especially CT and MRI) that directly quantify adipose tissue has led to a rapid increase in studies examining the relationship of visceral, subcutaneous, and overall adiposity to cancer survival. To summarize this emerging body of literature, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of imaging-measured as well as anthropometric proxies for adipose tissue distribution and cancer survival across a wide range of cancer types. METHODS Using keywords related to adiposity, cancer, and survival, we conducted a systematic search of the literature in PubMed and MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science Core Collection databases from database inception to 30 June 2021. We used a random-effect method to calculate pooled hazard ratios (HR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) within each cancer type and tested for heterogeneity using Cochran's Q test and the I2 test. RESULTS We included 203 records for this review, of which 128 records were utilized for quantitative analysis among 10 cancer types: breast, colorectal, gastroesophageal, head and neck, hepatocellular carcinoma, lung, ovarian, pancreatic, prostate, and renal cancer. We found that imaging-measured visceral, subcutaneous, and total adiposity were not significantly associated with increased risk of overall mortality, death from primary cancer, or cancer progression among patients diagnosed with these 10 cancer types; however, we found significant or high heterogeneity for many cancer types. For example, heterogeneity was similarly high when the pooled HRs (95% CI) for overall mortality associated with visceral adiposity were essentially null as in 1.03 (0.55, 1.92; I2 = 58%) for breast, 0.99 (0.81, 1.21; I2 = 71%) for colorectal, versus when they demonstrated a potential increased risk 1.17 (0.85, 1.60; I2 = 78%) for hepatocellular carcinoma and 1.62 (0.90, 2.95; I2 = 84%) for renal cancer. CONCLUSION Greater adiposity at diagnosis (directly measured by imaging) is not associated with worse survival among cancer survivors. However, heterogeneity and other potential limitations were noted across studies, suggesting differences in study design and adiposity measurement approaches, making interpretation of meta-analyses challenging. Future work to standardize imaging measurements and data analyses will strengthen research on the role of adiposity in cancer survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- En Cheng
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, 2000 Broadway, Oakland, CA, 94612, USA
| | - Jocelyn Kirley
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, 2000 Broadway, Oakland, CA, 94612, USA
| | | | - Bette J Caan
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, 2000 Broadway, Oakland, CA, 94612, USA.
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5
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Guo Z, Wang J, Tian X, Fang Z, Gao Y, Ping Z, Liu L. Body mass index increases the recurrence risk of breast cancer: a dose-response meta-analysis from 21 prospective cohort studies. Public Health 2022; 210:26-33. [PMID: 35868141 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2022.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of body mass index (BMI) on the recurrence risk of breast cancer. STUDY DESIGN Dose-response meta-analysis. METHODS Cohort studies that included BMI and the recurrence of breast cancer were selected through various databases including PubMed, Web of Science, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Scientific Journals (VIP), and Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform (WanFang) until November 30, 2021. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to evaluate the quality of literature. A two-stage random-effects meta-analysis was performed to assess the dose-response relationship between BMI and breast cancer recurrence risk. Heterogeneity between studies is assessed using I2. RESULTS The relative risk (RR) of BMI <25 kg/m2 vs BMI ≥25 kg/m2, BMI <30 kg/m2 vs BMI ≥30 kg/m2 were 1.09 (95% CI: 1.00-1.19) and 1.15 (95% CI: 1.04-1.27), suggesting that BMI had a significant effect on the recurrence risk of breast cancer, and there might be a dose-response relationship between them. A total of 21 studies were included in dose-response meta-analysis, which showed that there was a positive linear correlation between BMI and the risk of recurrence (RR = 1.02, 95% CI: 1.01-1.03). For every 1 kg/m2 increment of BMI, the risk of recurrence increased by approximately 2%. In subgroup analyses, positive linear dose-response relationships between BMI and recurrence risk were observed among Asian and study period >10 years groups. For every 1 kg/m2 increment of BMI, the risk of recurrence increased by 3.41% and 1.87%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The recurrence risk of breast cancer increases with BMI, which is most obvious among Asian women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Guo
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - J Wang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - X Tian
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Z Fang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Y Gao
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Z Ping
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - L Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
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Pang Y, Wei Y, Kartsonaki C. Associations of adiposity and weight change with recurrence and survival in breast cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Breast Cancer 2022; 29:575-588. [PMID: 35579841 PMCID: PMC9226105 DOI: 10.1007/s12282-022-01355-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adiposity and weight change among patients with breast cancer are associated with mortality, but there is limited evidence on the associations with distant recurrence or other causes of death or on central adiposity. Moreover, the relationship with breast cancer subtypes and by menopause status is unclear. METHODS We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies of breast cancer patients investigating the associations of general and central adiposity (body mass index [BMI] and waist circumference [WC], respectively), before and after diagnosis, and weight change, with all-cause mortality, breast cancer-specific mortality (BCSM), and recurrence. RESULTS 173 studies (519,544 patients, 60,249 deaths overall, and 25,751 breast cancer deaths) were included. For BMI < 1 year post diagnosis, compared with normal weight women, the summary relative risk (RR) for obese women was 1.21 (1.15-1.27) for all-cause mortality, 1.22 (1.13-1.32) for BCSM, 1.12 (1.06-1.18) for recurrence, and 1.19 (1.11-1.28) for distant recurrence. Obesity was associated with all-cause mortality and BCSM in patients with ER+ or HER2+ tumors, whereas no clear association was observed in patients with triple-negative tumors. Similar associations were observed by menopausal status. Stronger associations were observed in East Asians than Europeans. Central adiposity was associated with all-cause mortality, while large weight gain was associated with all-cause mortality, BCSM, and recurrence. CONCLUSION Higher adiposity is associated with all-cause mortality, BCSM, recurrence, and distant recurrence in breast cancer patients, with similar associations by menopausal status and some evidence of heterogeneity by subtypes. Weight gain is also associated with recurrence and survival among breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjie Pang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yuxia Wei
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, C6 Institutet för miljömedicin, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christiana Kartsonaki
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Big Data Institute Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, UK.
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit (MRC PHRU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Big Data Institute Building, Old Road Campus, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK.
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7
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Wibmer AG, Dinh PC, Travis LB, Chen C, Bromberg M, Zheng J, Capanu M, Sesso HD, Feldman DR, Vargas HA. Associations of Body Fat Distribution and Cardiometabolic Risk of Testicular Cancer Survivors after Cisplatin-Based Chemotherapy. JNCI Cancer Spectr 2022; 6:6585341. [PMID: 35801305 PMCID: PMC9263534 DOI: 10.1093/jncics/pkac030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
It is unknown how body fat distribution modulates the cardiometabolic risk of testicular cancer survivors (TCSs) after cisplatin-based chemotherapy.
Methods
For 455 patients enrolled in The Platinum Study at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous (SAT) adipose tissue was quantified on pre-chemotherapy CT. VAT/SAT ratio was calculated as a quantitative measure of central adiposity. Endpoints were incidence of new post-chemotherapy cardiometabolic disease (new antihypertensive, lipid-lowering, or diabetes medication), and post-chemotherapy Framingham risk scores. Cox models and linear regression with interaction terms were applied. Post-chemotherapy body fat distribution was analyzed in 108 patients. All statistical tests were 2-sided.
Results
Baseline median age was 31 years (IQR = 26, 39), BMI 26 kg/m2 (IQR: 24, 29), and VAT/SAT ratio 0.49 (IQR: 0.31, 0.75). Median follow-up was 26 months (IQR: 16, 59). Higher pre-chemotherapy VAT/SAT ratios inferred a higher likelihood of new cardiometabolic disease among patients with BMI ≥30 kg/m2 (age-adjusted HR = 3.14, 95% CI = 1.02–9.71, p = 0.047), but not other BMI groups. Pre-chemotherapy VAT/SAT ratio was associated with post-chemotherapy Framingham risk scores in univariate regression analysis (exp(β)-estimate: 2.10, 95% CI: 1.84, 2.39, p < 0.001); in a multivariate model, this association was stronger in younger versus older individuals. BMI increased in most patients after chemotherapy and correlated with increases in VAT/SAT (Spearman r = 0.39; p < 0.001).
Conclusions
In TCSs, central adiposity is associated with increased cardiometabolic risk after cisplatin-based chemotherapy, particularly in obese or young men. Weight gain after chemotherapy occurs preferentially in the visceral compartment, providing insight into the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas G Wibmer
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Paul C Dinh
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Lois B Travis
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indiana University, USA
| | - Carol Chen
- Department of Medicine, Cardiology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Maria Bromberg
- Department of Medicine, Genitourinary Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Junting Zheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marinela Capanu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Howard D Sesso
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Darren R Feldman
- Department of Medicine, Genitourinary Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
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Prognostic significance of abdominal obesity and its post-diagnosis change in a Chinese breast cancer cohort. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2022; 193:649-658. [DOI: 10.1007/s10549-022-06526-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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9
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Takada K, Kashiwagi S, Asano Y, Goto W, Ishihara S, Morisaki T, Shibutani M, Tanaka H, Hirakawa K, Ohira M. Clinical verification of body mass index and tumor immune response in patients with breast cancer receiving preoperative chemotherapy. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:1129. [PMID: 34670511 PMCID: PMC8529767 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08857-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The body mass index (BMI) is commonly used as a simple indicator of obesity; patients with early-stage breast cancer who are obese (OB) per BMI measurements have been shown to have high postoperative recurrence and low survival rates. On the other hand, it has been shown that lymphocytes present in the vicinity of malignant growths that are involved in the tumors’ immune responses influence the efficacy chemotherapy. Therefore, we hypothesized that OB patients with breast cancer have a lower density of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), which may influence the therapeutic effect of preoperative chemotherapy (POC). In this study, we measured pretreatment BMI and TILs in patients with breast cancer who underwent POC, examined the correlations between these two factors, and retrospectively analyzed their therapeutic outcomes and prognoses. Methods The participants in this study were 421 patients with breast cancer who underwent surgical treatment after POC between February 2007 and January 2019. The patient’s height and weight were measured before POC to calculate the BMI (weight [kg] divided by the square of the height [m2]). According to the World Health Organization categorization, patients who weighed under 18.5 kg/m2 were classified as underweight (UW), those ≥18.5 kg/m2 and > 25 kg/m2 were considered normal weight (NW), those ≥25 kg/m2 and < 30 kg/m2 were overweight (OW), and those ≥30 kg/m2 were OB. The TILs were those lymphocytes that infiltrated the tumor stroma according to the definition of the International TILs Working Group 2014. Results The median BMI was 21.9 kg/m2 (range, 14.3–38.5 kg/m2); most patients (244; 64.5%) were NW. Among all 378 patients with breast cancer, the TIL density was significantly lower in OB than in NW and OW patients (vs. NW: p = 0.001; vs. OW: p = 0.003). Furthermore, when examining patients with each breast cancer type individually, the OS of those with TNBC who had low BMIs was significantly poorer than that of their high-BMI counterparts (log rank p = 0.031). Conclusions Our data did not support the hypothesis that obesity affects the tumor immune microenvironment; however, we showed that being UW does affect the tumor immune microenvironment. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-021-08857-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Takada
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Kashiwagi
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan.
| | - Yuka Asano
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Wataru Goto
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Sae Ishihara
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Tamami Morisaki
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Masatsune Shibutani
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Tanaka
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Kosei Hirakawa
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Masaichi Ohira
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
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Anwar SL, Cahyono R, Prabowo D, Avanti WS, Choridah L, Dwianingsih EK, Harahap WA, Aryandono T. Metabolic comorbidities and the association with risks of recurrent metastatic disease in breast cancer survivors. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:590. [PMID: 34022845 PMCID: PMC8141199 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08343-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity and other metabolic comorbidities affect over 10% of patients with breast cancer and are closely related with adverse outcomes. Although metabolic comorbidities among breast cancer patients in low- and middle-income countries are suggested to be lower, only a few studies are currently available. Effective management of metabolic comorbidities in cancer patients has been associated with better outcomes. METHODS Non-metastatic breast cancer patients (N = 1081) treated in our department (2014-2018) were monitored for the presence of high Body Mass Index (BMI), diabetes or glucose intolerance, dyslipidemia, and hypertension and the development of recurrent metastatic diseases during a median follow-up of 3.9 years. RESULTS Glucose intolerance, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and BMI ≥ 27.7 kg/m2 considered at risk for metabolic comorbidities were found in 26.5, 42.6, 27.7, and 23.3% of breast cancer patients, respectively. Diabetes or glucose intolerance and having both glucose intolerance and dyslipidemia were associated with the risk of recurrent metastatic disease (OR = 1.442, 95%CI = 1.071-1.943, p = 0.016 and OR = 1.495, 95%CI = 1.090-2.049, p = 0.010; respectively). Having three or more metabolic comorbidities was significantly associated with the risk of recurrent metastatic disease (OR = 1.647, 95%CI = 1.139-2.382, p = 0.008) compared to patients without any comorbidity. The metabolic comorbidities were distributed unevenly among breast cancer subtypes. A significant association with recurrent metastatic disease was found in the Luminal B-like subtype. In post-menopausal patients, having more than three comorbidities was associated with a higher risk of recurrent metastatic disease compared to those without any comorbidity (OR = 2.000, 95%CI = 1.035-3.067, p = 0.001). The risks of having three or more metabolic comorbidities were significantly higher in breast cancer survivors who were obese, lived in an urban area, and received hormonal therapy of aromatase inhibitors. CONCLUSION Metabolic comorbidities were frequently found in breast cancer patients and were associated with higher risks to develop recurrent metastatic disease, particularly in post-menopausal women. Subsequent larger studies are needed to better understand the association of metabolic comorbidities with patients' quality of life and prognosis, and to explore the potential combination of clinical intervention and lifestyle modification in breast cancer survivors to treat as well as reduce their impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumadi Lukman Anwar
- Division of Surgical Oncology - Department of Surgery, Dr. Sardjito Hospital / Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Kesehatan No. 1, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia.
| | - Roby Cahyono
- Division of Surgical Oncology - Department of Surgery, Dr. Sardjito Hospital / Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Kesehatan No. 1, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
| | - Dayat Prabowo
- Division of Surgical Oncology - Department of Surgery, Dr. Sardjito Hospital / Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Kesehatan No. 1, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
| | - Widya Surya Avanti
- Department of Radiology, Dr. Sardjito Hospital/Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
| | - Lina Choridah
- Department of Radiology, Dr. Sardjito Hospital/Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
| | - Ery Kus Dwianingsih
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Dr. Sardjito Hospital / Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
| | - Wirsma Arif Harahap
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Dr. M Jamil Hospital / Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas, Padang, 25127, Indonesia
| | - Teguh Aryandono
- Division of Surgical Oncology - Department of Surgery, Dr. Sardjito Hospital / Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Kesehatan No. 1, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
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11
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Basit A, Mustafa N, Waris N, Askari S, Fawwad A. Predicting the risk of type 2 diabetes through anthropometric indices in Pakistani adults- A sub-analysis of second National diabetes survey of Pakistan 2016-2017 (NDSP-07). Diabetes Metab Syndr 2021; 15:543-547. [PMID: 33684806 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2021.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Excess adiposity is associated with an increased risk of diabetes. Amongst the various measures of adiposity, the most appropriate one to predict the risk of diabetes remains debatable. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the ability of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) in predicting type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) among Pakistani adults. SUBJECTS AND METHODS This was the sub-analysis of a large population based Second National Diabetes Survey of Pakistan (NDSP) 2016-2017. With this survey, 10834 individuals were recruited and 4788 individuals fulfilled the inclusion criteria for this sub-analysis (subjects with missing anthropometric details were excluded). Participants were categorized into two groups; subjects with type 2 DM and subjects without DM. Data of participants was collected via pre-designed detailed questionnaire. Clinical and anthropometric measurements were measured using standardized techniques. RESULTS Out of 4788 individuals, 3085(64.4%) were non-DM subjects and 1703(35.6%) were type 2 DM subjects with mean age of 39.78 ± 13.79 and 50.38 ± 11.33 years, respectively. Logistic regression analysis revealed a significant association of WC with type 2 diabetes after adjustment for possible confounders. Area under the curve (AUC) of WC was found higher than AUC of BMI and WHR. CONCLUSION The findings from second NDSP (2016-2017) demonstrated that WC is a better marker than WHR and BMI in predicting type 2 DM for Pakistani population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Basit
- Department of Medicine, Baqai Institute of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Baqai Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Nida Mustafa
- Department of Research, Baqai Institute of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Baqai Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Nazish Waris
- Department of Research, Baqai Institute of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Baqai Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Saima Askari
- Department of Medicine, Baqai Institute of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Baqai Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan; Department of Research, Baqai Institute of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Baqai Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Asher Fawwad
- Department of Research, Baqai Institute of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Baqai Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan; Department of Biochemistry, Baqai Medical University, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.
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Kölbl H, Bartl T. Obesity in Gynecologic Oncology. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2020; 80:1205-1211. [PMID: 33293728 PMCID: PMC7714555 DOI: 10.1055/a-1124-7139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The decades-long global obesity epidemic has resulted in steady increase in the incidence of obesity-related malignancies. The associated diagnostic and therapeutic implications present a clinical challenge for gynecologic oncology treatment strategies. Recent studies have provided solid evidence for an independent, linear, positive correlation between a pathologically increased body mass index and the probability of developing endometrial or postmenopausal breast cancer. The pathogenesis is complex and the subject of current research. Proposed causes include pathologically increased serum levels of sexual steroids and adiponectin, obesity-induced insulin resistance, and systemic inflammatory processes. The scientific evidence for an association between obesity and other gynecological malignancies is, however, less solid. The clinical relevance of obesity as a risk factor for epithelial ovarian cancer, cervical cancer and vulvar cancer appears to be negligible.
Nevertheless, obesity appears to have a negative impact on prognosis and oncologic outcomes for all gynecological cancers. Whether or not this effect can be interpreted as correlative or causal is still a subject of ongoing debate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heinz Kölbl
- Klinische Abteilung für Allgemeine Gynäkologie und Gynäkologische Onkologie, Universitätsklinik für Frauenheilkunde, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Austria
| | - Thomas Bartl
- Klinische Abteilung für Allgemeine Gynäkologie und Gynäkologische Onkologie, Universitätsklinik für Frauenheilkunde, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Austria
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Ikujenlola AV, Adekoya TS. Nutritional status and feeding habits of females in public and private Universities in Osun state, Southwestern, Nigeria. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05023. [PMID: 33005810 PMCID: PMC7519375 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study examined the dietary habits, nutritional status and socio-demographic characteristics of female undergraduates in selected public and private Universities in Osun State, Southwestern, Nigeria. The anthropometric assessment of selected respondents consisted measurements of height, weight, body circumferences, body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio of respondents. The food frequency questionnaire technique was adopted to evaluate the feeding/dietary habits using well-constructed questionnaires. The results showed that over 60% of students in both public and private Universities fell within 18.5–24.9 kg/m2, the normal weight range of body mass index according to the World Health Organisation classification. From the waist-to-hip ratio result over 60% were not at risk of non-communicable disease. The respondents were fond of snacking (74.9%) and skipping of meals (86.0%) especially breakfast (52.4%). There was a significant difference (p < 0.05) in the allowances (pocket money) of students where 33.7% of private University students received over N16,000 as compared to 12% of public University students. There was no significant difference (p > 0.05) between the nutritional status of students in public and private Universities. In conclusion, the nutritional status and the dietary habits/pattern of female undergraduate students are influenced by type of schools and other underlying factors.
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14
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Gandhi A, Copson E, Eccles D, Durcan L, Howell A, Morris J, Howell S, McDiarmid S, Sellers K, Gareth Evans D, Harvie M. Predictors of weight gain in a cohort of premenopausal early breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Breast 2019; 45:1-6. [PMID: 30802821 DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2019.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM In breast cancer patients, post chemotherapy weight gain is linked with increased risk of cancer recurrence. We prospectively studied a cohort of premenopausal women receiving contemporary chemotherapy following a diagnosis of breast cancer to examine factors predicting weight increase. METHODS Between May 2005 and January 2008, 523 patients from the Prospective Outcomes in Sporadic versus Hereditary (POSH) breast cancer study entered this sub-study comparing weight prior to chemotherapy and weight and waist/hip measurements 12-months following chemotherapy. RESULTS Data from 380 patients were available. Mean (standard deviation [SD]) pre-treatment body mass index (BMI) was 26.3 (5.6) kg/m2; 30% women gained > 5% body weight during the study period. Lower BMI at diagnosis predicted greater subsequent post treatment weight gain (4.3% relative weight gain for those in the 1st quartile of BMI compared to 0.8% for those in the 4th quartile; r = -0.22; p < 0.001). No link to chemotherapy regimens, cigarette smoking, previous parity or chemotherapy induced amenorrhoea was noted. A total of 44% of women had central obesity (post-treatment waist measurement of ≥88 cm). CONCLUSIONS Almost a third of premenopausal patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer will gain clinically significant weight and over 40% will have central obesity 12-months following diagnosis. A greater weight gain is predicted by lower pretreatment BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashu Gandhi
- Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; Prevent Breast Cancer Research Unit, Manchester University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester UK.
| | - Ellen Copson
- Cancer Sciences Academic Unit and University of Southampton Clinical Trials Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton Foundation Trust, Tremona Road, Southampton, UK
| | - Diana Eccles
- Cancer Sciences Academic Unit and University of Southampton Clinical Trials Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton Foundation Trust, Tremona Road, Southampton, UK
| | - Lorraine Durcan
- Cancer Sciences Academic Unit and University of Southampton Clinical Trials Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton Foundation Trust, Tremona Road, Southampton, UK
| | - Anthony Howell
- Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; Prevent Breast Cancer Research Unit, Manchester University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester UK
| | - Julie Morris
- Centre for Biostatistics, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Sacha Howell
- Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Christie Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Sarah McDiarmid
- Prevent Breast Cancer Research Unit, Manchester University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester UK
| | - Katharine Sellers
- Prevent Breast Cancer Research Unit, Manchester University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester UK
| | - D Gareth Evans
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Michelle Harvie
- Prevent Breast Cancer Research Unit, Manchester University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester UK
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Clinicopathologic and Prognostic Significance of Body Mass Index (BMI) among Breast Cancer Patients in Western China: A Retrospective Multicenter Cohort Based on Western China Clinical Cooperation Group (WCCCG). BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:3692093. [PMID: 31119166 PMCID: PMC6500692 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3692093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 03/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Clinicopathologic and prognostic significance of body mass index (BMI) in breast cancer (BC) patients remained conflicting. We aimed to investigate and modify the impact of BMI on clinicopathological significance and survival in western Chinese BC patients. Materials and Methods 8,394 female BC patients from Western China Clinical Cooperation Group (WCCCG) between 2005 and 2015 were identified. Multivariable logistic regression and Cox proportion hazard regressions were used to examine the difference of clinicopathologic and survival characteristics between BMI categories. Results For the premenopausal, overweight and obese (OW) patients tended to have large tumor size (>5cm) (odds ratio [OR], 1.30, P<0.01) and triple-negative BC (OR, 1.31; P=0.01) compared with normal weight (NW) patients. Premenopausal underweight (UW) patients had a significantly higher risk of HER2 positive (OR, 1.71; P=0.02) and distant metastasis (OR, 2.59; P=0.01). For postmenopausal patients, OW patients showed higher risks of large tumor size (>5cm) (OR, 1.46; P=0.01), nuclear grade III (OR, 1.24; P=0.04), and lymphovascular invasion (OR, 1.46; P=0.01) compared with NW patients. An "U" shaped relationship between BMI and DFS was found (UW versus NW, adjusted hazard ratio (HR), 2.80, P<0.001; OW versus NW, adjusted HR, 1.40, P=0.02), whereas no significant difference of disease-free survival (DFS) between OW and NW premenopausal patients (adjusted HR=1.34, P=0.18) was revealed. Conclusion We concluded that UW and OW were associated with aggressively clinicopathological characteristics, regardless of menopausal status. An "U" shaped association of BMI and DFS was revealed, and no significant difference of DFS between OW and NW in postmenopausal subgroup was revealed.
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Dibaba DT, Ogunsina K, Braithwaite D, Akinyemiju T. Metabolic syndrome and risk of breast cancer mortality by menopause, obesity, and subtype. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2018; 174:209-218. [PMID: 30465158 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-018-5056-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and risk of breast cancer mortality by menopausal status, obesity, and subtype. METHODS Data from 94,555 women free of cancer at baseline in the National Institute of Health-American Association of Retired Persons Diet and Health Study cohort (NIH-AARP) were used to investigate the prospective associations of baseline MetS and components with risk of breast cancer mortality using Cox proportional hazard regression models adjusted for baseline behavioral and demographic covariates. RESULTS During a mean follow-up duration of 14 years, 607 women in the cohort died of breast cancer. Overall, MetS was associated with a 73% increased risk of breast cancer mortality (HR 1.73; 95% CI 1.09-2.75); the association remained significant among post-menopausal women overall (HR 2.07, 95% CI 1.32, 3.25), and among those with overweight/obesity (HR 1.15, 95% CI 0.81, 1.64). MetS was associated with increased risk of breast cancer mortality for ER+/PR+ (HR 1.28, 95% CI 0.52, 3.16) and lower risk for ER-/PR- (HR 0.44, 95% CI 0.11, 1.75) subtypes; however, the associations were not statistically significant. Of the individual MetS components, high waist circumference (HR 1.32, 95% CI 1.03, 1.70), high cholesterol (HR 1.24, 95% CI 1.05, 1.46), and hypertension (HR 1.24, 95% CI 1.05, 1.46) were independently associated with increased risk of breast cancer mortality. CONCLUSIONS MetS was associated with increased risk of breast cancer mortality, especially among post-menopausal women. Further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to definitively determine the extent to which these associations vary by breast cancer subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel T Dibaba
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Kemi Ogunsina
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | | | - Tomi Akinyemiju
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
- College of Public Health and Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
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Abubakar M, Sung H, Bcr D, Guida J, Tang TS, Pfeiffer RM, Yang XR. Breast cancer risk factors, survival and recurrence, and tumor molecular subtype: analysis of 3012 women from an indigenous Asian population. Breast Cancer Res 2018; 20:114. [PMID: 30227867 PMCID: PMC6145192 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-018-1033-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limited evidence, mostly from studies in Western populations, suggests that the prognostic effects of lifestyle-related risk factors may be molecular subtype-dependent. Here, we examined whether pre-diagnostic lifestyle-related risk factors for breast cancer are associated with clinical outcomes by molecular subtype among patients from an understudied Asian population. METHODS In this population-based case series, we evaluated breast cancer risk factors in relation to 10-year all-cause mortality (ACM) and 5-year recurrence by molecular subtype among 3012 women with invasive breast cancer in Sarawak, Malaysia. A total of 579 deaths and 314 recurrence events occurred during a median follow-up period of ~ 24 months. Subtypes (luminal A-like, luminal B-like, HER2-enriched, triple-negative) were defined using immunohistochemical markers for hormone receptors and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) in conjunction with histologic grade. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the associations between risk factors and ACM/recurrence were estimated in subtype-specific Cox regression models. RESULTS We observed heterogeneity in the relationships between parity/breastfeeding, age at first full-term pregnancy (FFP), family history, body mass index (BMI), and tumor subtype (p value < 0.05). Among luminal A-like patients only, older age at menarche [HR (95% CI) ≥15 vs ≤ 12 years = 2.28 (1.05, 4.95)] and being underweight [HRBMI < 18.5kg/m2vs. 18.5-24.9kg/m2 = 3.46 (1.21, 9.89)] or overweight [HR25-29.9kg/m2vs. 18.5-24.9kg/m2= 3.14 (1.04, 9.50)] were associated with adverse prognosis, while parity/breastfeeding [HRbreastfeeding vs nulliparity = 0.48 (0.27, 0.85)] and older age at FFP [HR > 30 vs < 21 years = 0.20 (0.04, 0.90)] were associated with good prognosis. For these women, the addition of age at menarche, parity/breastfeeding, and BMI, provided significantly better fit to a prognostic model containing standard clinicopathological factors alone [LRχ2 (8df) = 21.78; p value = 0.005]. Overall, the results were similar in relation to recurrence. CONCLUSIONS Our finding that breastfeeding and BMI were associated with prognosis only among women with luminal A-like breast cancer is consistent with those from previously published data in Western populations. Further prospective studies will be needed to clarify the role of lifestyle modification, especially changes in BMI, in improving clinical outcomes for women with luminal A-like breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustapha Abubakar
- Integrative Tumor Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Hyuna Sung
- Integrative Tumor Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA.,Surveillance and Health Services Research, American Cancer Society, 250 Williams Street NW, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA
| | - Devi Bcr
- Department of Radiotherapy, Oncology and Palliative Care, Sarawak General Hospital, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Jennifer Guida
- Division of Cancer Control & Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Tieng Swee Tang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Oncology and Palliative Care, Sarawak General Hospital, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Ruth M Pfeiffer
- Integrative Tumor Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Xiaohong R Yang
- Integrative Tumor Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA.
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