1
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Feng X, Patel EU, White JL, Li S, Zhu X, Zhao N, Shi J, Park DE, Liu CM, Kaul R, Prodger JL, Quinn TC, Grabowski MK, Tobian AAR. Association of Oral Microbiome With Oral Human Papillomavirus Infection: A Population Study of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2009-2012. J Infect Dis 2024; 230:726-735. [PMID: 38181070 PMCID: PMC11420769 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiae004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and the oral microbiome are associated with oropharyngeal cancer. However, population-based data on the association of oral microbiome with oral HPV infection are limited. METHOD A cross-sectional analysis of 5496 20-59-year-old participants in the 2009-2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey was performed. Associations with oral HPV infection were assessed using multivariable logistic regression for oral microbiome α-diversity (within-sample diversity), and using principal coordinate analysis and permutational multivariate analysis of variance for β-diversity (between-sample heterogeneity). RESULTS Overall, for α-diversity, a lower number of observed amplicon sequence variants (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.996; 95% confidence interval [CI] = .992-.999) and reduced Faith's phylogenetic diversity (aOR = 0.95; 95% CI = .90-.99) were associated with high-risk oral HPV infection. β-diversity showed differentiation of oral microbiome community by high-risk oral HPV infection as measured by Bray-Curtis dissimilarity (R2 = 0.054%; P = .029) and unweighted UniFrac distance (R2 = 0.046%; P = .045). There were differential associations when stratified by sex. CONCLUSIONS Both oral microbiome α-diversity and β-diversity were marginally associated with oral HPV infection. Longitudinal studies are needed to characterize the role of the microbiome in the natural history of oral HPV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Feng
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Eshan U Patel
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jodie L White
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Shilan Li
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Xianming Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ni Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jianxin Shi
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Daniel E Park
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Cindy M Liu
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Rupert Kaul
- Departments of Medicine and Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jessica L Prodger
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Thomas C Quinn
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infection Diseases, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - M Kate Grabowski
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Aaron A R Tobian
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Zhou X, Cai X, Tang Q, Zhang J, Bai J, Jing F, Gao L, Zhang H, Li T. Differences in the landscape of colonized microorganisms in different oral potentially malignant disorders and squamous cell carcinoma: a multi-group comparative study. BMC Microbiol 2024; 24:318. [PMID: 39223464 PMCID: PMC11367885 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-024-03458-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of microbes in diseases, especially cancer, has garnered significant attention. However, research on the oral microbiota in oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) remains limited. Our study investigates microbial communities in OPMDs. MATERIALS AND METHODS Oral biopsies from19 oral leukoplakia (OLK) patients, 19 proliferative verrucous leukoplakia (PVL) patients, 19 oral lichen planus (OLP) patients, and 19 oral lichenoid lesions (OLL) patients were obtained. 15 SCC specimens were also collected from PVL patients. Healthy individuals served as controls, and DNA was extracted from their paraffin-embedded tissues. 2bRAD-M sequencing generated taxonomic profiles. Alpha and beta diversity analyses, along with Linear Discriminant Analysis effect size analysis, were conducted. RESULTS Our results showed the microbial richness and diversity were significantly different among groups, with PVL-SCC resembling controls, while OLK exhibited the highest richness. Each disease group displayed unique microbial compositions, with distinct dominant bacterial species. Noteworthy alterations during PVL-SCC progression included a decline in Fusobacterium periodonticum and an elevation in Prevotella oris. CONCLUSIONS Different disease groups exhibited distinct dominant bacterial species and microbial compositions. These findings offer promise in elucidating the underlying mechanisms of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zhou
- Department of Oral Pathology, National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices& Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NHC Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, No.22, Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, PR China
- Research Unit of Precision Pathologic Diagnosis in Tumors of the Oral and Maxillofacial Regions, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU034), Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xinjia Cai
- Department of Oral Pathology, National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices& Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NHC Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, No.22, Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, PR China
- Research Unit of Precision Pathologic Diagnosis in Tumors of the Oral and Maxillofacial Regions, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU034), Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Qian Tang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Jianyun Zhang
- Department of Oral Pathology, National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices& Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NHC Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, No.22, Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, PR China
- Research Unit of Precision Pathologic Diagnosis in Tumors of the Oral and Maxillofacial Regions, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU034), Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jiaying Bai
- Department of Oral Pathology, National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices& Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NHC Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, No.22, Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, PR China
- Research Unit of Precision Pathologic Diagnosis in Tumors of the Oral and Maxillofacial Regions, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU034), Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Fengyang Jing
- Department of Oral Pathology, National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices& Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NHC Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, No.22, Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, PR China
- Research Unit of Precision Pathologic Diagnosis in Tumors of the Oral and Maxillofacial Regions, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU034), Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Li Gao
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Heyu Zhang
- Research Unit of Precision Pathologic Diagnosis in Tumors of the Oral and Maxillofacial Regions, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU034), Beijing, 100081, China.
- Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, No.22, Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, PR China.
| | - Tiejun Li
- Department of Oral Pathology, National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices& Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NHC Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, No.22, Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, PR China.
- Research Unit of Precision Pathologic Diagnosis in Tumors of the Oral and Maxillofacial Regions, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU034), Beijing, 100081, China.
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Herrera-Quintana L, Vázquez-Lorente H, Lopez-Garzon M, Cortés-Martín A, Plaza-Diaz J. Cancer and the Microbiome of the Human Body. Nutrients 2024; 16:2790. [PMID: 39203926 PMCID: PMC11357655 DOI: 10.3390/nu16162790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2024] [Revised: 08/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains a public health concern worldwide, with its incidence increasing worldwide and expected to continue growing during the next decades. The microbiome has emerged as a central factor in human health and disease, demonstrating an intricate relationship between the microbiome and cancer. Although some microbiomes present within local tissues have been shown to restrict cancer development, mainly by interacting with cancer cells or the host immune system, some microorganisms are harmful to human health and risk factors for cancer development. This review summarizes the recent evidence concerning the microbiome and some of the most common cancer types (i.e., lung, head and neck, breast, gastric, colorectal, prostate, and cervix cancers), providing a general overview of future clinical approaches and perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lourdes Herrera-Quintana
- Department of Physiology, Schools of Pharmacy and Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (L.H.-Q.); (H.V.-L.)
- Biomedical Research Center, Health Sciences Technology Park, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Héctor Vázquez-Lorente
- Department of Physiology, Schools of Pharmacy and Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (L.H.-Q.); (H.V.-L.)
- Biomedical Research Center, Health Sciences Technology Park, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Maria Lopez-Garzon
- Biomedical Group (BIO277), Department of Physical Therapy, Health Sciences Faculty, University of Granada, 18171 Granada, Spain;
| | - Adrián Cortés-Martín
- PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity Research Group (PROFITH), Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain;
- APC Microbiome Ireland, School of Microbiology, University College Cork, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland
| | - Julio Plaza-Diaz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Campus de Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria IBS.GRANADA, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada, 18014 Granada, Spain
- Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
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Chung RS, Wong S, Lin D, Kokot NC, Sinha UK, Han AY. Mechanisms of crosstalk between the oropharyngeal microbiome and human papillomavirus in oropharyngeal carcinogenesis: a mini review. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1425545. [PMID: 39211550 PMCID: PMC11357953 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1425545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common cancer globally. Notably, human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) is on the rise, accounting for 70% of all OPSCC cases. Persistent high-risk HPV infection is linked to various cancers, but HPV infection alone is not sufficient to cause cancer. Advances in next-generation sequencing have improved our understanding of changes in the human microbiome of cancerous environments. Yet, there remains a dearth of knowledge on the impact of HPV-microbiome crosstalk in HPV-positive OPSCC. In this review, we examine what is known about the oropharyngeal microbiome and the compositional shifts in this microbiome in HPV-positive OPSCC. We also review potential mechanisms of crosstalk between HPV and specific microorganisms. Additional research is needed to understand these interactions and their roles on cancer development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Albert Y. Han
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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Solfisburg QS, Baldini F, Baldwin-Hunter B, Austin GI, Lee HH, Park H, Freedberg DE, Lightdale CJ, Korem T, Abrams JA. The Salivary Microbiome and Predicted Metabolite Production Are Associated with Barrett's Esophagus and High-Grade Dysplasia or Adenocarcinoma. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2024; 33:371-380. [PMID: 38117184 PMCID: PMC10955687 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-23-0652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is rising in incidence, and established risk factors do not explain this trend. Esophageal microbiome alterations have been associated with Barrett's esophagus (BE) and dysplasia and EAC. The oral microbiome is tightly linked to the esophageal microbiome; this study aimed to identify salivary microbiome-related factors associated with BE, dysplasia, and EAC. METHODS Clinical data and oral health history were collected from patients with and without BE. The salivary microbiome was characterized, assessing differential relative abundance of taxa by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and associations between microbiome composition and clinical features. Microbiome metabolic modeling was used to predict metabolite production. RESULTS A total of 244 patients (125 non-BE and 119 BE) were analyzed. Patients with high-grade dysplasia (HGD)/EAC had a significantly higher prevalence of tooth loss (P = 0.001). There were significant shifts with increased dysbiosis associated with HGD/EAC, independent of tooth loss, with the largest shifts within the genus Streptococcus. Modeling predicted significant shifts in the microbiome metabolic capacities, including increases in L-lactic acid and decreases in butyric acid and L-tryptophan production in HGD/EAC. CONCLUSIONS Marked dysbiosis in the salivary microbiome is associated with HGD and EAC, with notable increases within the genus Streptococcus and accompanying changes in predicted metabolite production. Further work is warranted to identify the biological significance of these alterations and to validate metabolic shifts. IMPACT There is an association between oral dysbiosis and HGD/EAC. Further work is needed to establish the diagnostic, predictive, and causal potential of this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quinn S Solfisburg
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Federico Baldini
- Program for Mathematical Genomics, Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - George I Austin
- Program for Mathematical Genomics, Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Harry H Lee
- Program for Mathematical Genomics, Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Heekuk Park
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Microbiome and Pathogen Genomics Collaborative Center, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Daniel E Freedberg
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Digestive and Liver Disease Research Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Charles J Lightdale
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tal Korem
- Program for Mathematical Genomics, Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- CIFAR Azrieli Global Scholars Program, CIFAR, Toronto, Canada
| | - Julian A Abrams
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Digestive and Liver Disease Research Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY USA
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6
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Oberste M, Böse BE, Dos Anjos Borges LG, Junca H, Plumeier I, Kahl S, Simon F, Beule AG, Rudack C, Pieper DH. Effects of squamous cell carcinoma and smoking status on oropharyngeal and laryngeal microbial communities. Head Neck 2024; 46:145-160. [PMID: 37905455 DOI: 10.1002/hed.27562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Still, little is known about microbial dysbiosis in oropharyngeal and laryngeal tissue as risk factor for development of local squamous cell carcinoma. The site-specific microbiota at these regions in healthy and cancer tissue and their modulation by environmental factors need to be defined. METHODS The local microbiota of cancer tissue and healthy controls was profiled by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and statistical analysis using 111 oropharyngeal and 72 laryngeal intraoperative swabs. RESULTS Oropharynx and larynx harbor distinct microbial communities. Clear effects of both smoking and cancer were seen in the oropharynx whereas effects in the larynx were minor. CONCLUSION The distinct microbial communities at larynx and oropharynx partially explain why the effects of cancer and smoking were distinct at those sites. Thus, the use of microbiota supposed to mirror community changes in another target location should be avoided and more studies on the actual cancerous environment are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Oberste
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Brit Elisabeth Böse
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | | | - Howard Junca
- Research Group Microbial Interactions and Processes, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Iris Plumeier
- Research Group Microbial Interactions and Processes, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Silke Kahl
- Research Group Microbial Interactions and Processes, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Frank Simon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Achim Georg Beule
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Claudia Rudack
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Dietmar H Pieper
- Research Group Microbial Interactions and Processes, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
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7
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Kandalai S, Li H, Zhang N, Peng H, Zheng Q. The human microbiome and cancer: a diagnostic and therapeutic perspective. Cancer Biol Ther 2023; 24:2240084. [PMID: 37498047 PMCID: PMC10376920 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2023.2240084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence has shown that the human microbiome is associated with various diseases, including cancer. The salivary microbiome, fecal microbiome, and circulating microbial DNA in blood plasma have all been used experimentally as diagnostic biomarkers for many types of cancer. The microbiomes present within local tissue, other regions, and tumors themselves have been shown to promote and restrict the development and progression of cancer, most often by affecting cancer cells or the host immune system. These microbes have also been shown to impact the efficacy of various cancer therapies, including radiation, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy. Here, we review the research advances focused on how microbes impact these different facets and why they are important to the clinical care of cancer. It is only by better understanding the roles these microbes play in the diagnosis, development, progression, and treatment of cancer, that we will be able to catch and treat cancer early.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruthi Kandalai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Center for Cancer Metabolism, James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Huapeng Li
- Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Center for Cancer Metabolism, James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Haidong Peng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Center for Cancer Metabolism, James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Qingfei Zheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Center for Cancer Metabolism, James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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8
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Asili P, Mirahmad M, Rezaei P, Mahdavi M, Larijani B, Tavangar SM. The Association of Oral Microbiome Dysbiosis with Gastrointestinal Cancers and Its Diagnostic Efficacy. J Gastrointest Cancer 2023; 54:1082-1101. [PMID: 36600023 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-022-00901-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The second leading mortality cause in the world is cancer, making it a critical issue that impacts human health. As a result, scientists are looking for novel biomarkers for cancer detection. The oral microbiome, made up of approximately 700 species-level taxa, is a significant source for discovering novel biomarkers. In this review, we aimed to prepare a summary of research that has investigated the association between the oral microbiome and gastrointestinal cancers. METHODS We searched online scientific datasets including Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Eligibility criteria included human studies that reported abundances of the oral microbiome, or its diagnostic/prognostic performance in patients with gastrointestinal cancers. RESULTS Some phyla of the oral microbiome have a relationship with cancers. Some particular phyla of the oral microbiome that may be related to gastrointestinal cancers consist of Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, and Fusobacteria. Changes in the abundances of Porphyromonas, Fusobacterium, Prevotella, and Veillonella are correlated with carcinogenesis, and may be used for distinguishing cancer patients from healthy subjects. Oral, colorectal, pancreatic, and esophageal cancers are the most important cancers related to the oral microbiome. CONCLUSION The results of this study may help future research to select bacteria as an early diagnostic or prognostic biomarker of gastrointestinal cancer. Given the current state of our knowledge, additional research is required to comprehend the multiplex processes underlying the role of bacterial microbiota upon cancer progression and to characterize the complex microbiota-host interaction network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooria Asili
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Mirahmad
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parisa Rezaei
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahdavi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Tavangar
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Pathology, Dr. Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Antonello G, Blostein F, Bhaumik D, Davis E, Gögele M, Melotti R, Pramstaller P, Pattaro C, Segata N, Foxman B, Fuchsberger C. Smoking and salivary microbiota: a cross-sectional analysis of an Italian alpine population. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18904. [PMID: 37919319 PMCID: PMC10622503 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42474-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The oral microbiota plays an important role in the exogenous nitrate reduction pathway and is associated with heart and periodontal disease and cigarette smoking. We describe smoking-related changes in oral microbiota composition and resulting potential metabolic pathway changes that may explain smoking-related changes in disease risk. We analyzed health information and salivary microbiota composition among 1601 Cooperative Health Research in South Tyrol participants collected 2017-2018. Salivary microbiota taxa were assigned from amplicon sequences of the 16S-V4 rRNA and used to describe microbiota composition and predict metabolic pathways. Aerobic taxa relative abundance decreased with daily smoking intensity and increased with years since cessation, as did inferred nitrate reduction. Former smokers tended to be more similar to Never smokers than to Current smokers, especially those who had quit for longer than 5 years. Cigarette smoking has a consistent, generalizable association on oral microbiota composition and predicted metabolic pathways, some of which associate in a dose-dependent fashion. Smokers who quit for longer than 5 years tend to have salivary microbiota profiles comparable to never smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Antonello
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research - Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy.
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento, Italy.
| | - Freida Blostein
- School of Public Health - Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Deesha Bhaumik
- School of Public Health - Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Elyse Davis
- School of Public Health - Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Martin Gögele
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research - Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Roberto Melotti
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research - Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Peter Pramstaller
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research - Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Cristian Pattaro
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research - Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Nicola Segata
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Betsy Foxman
- School of Public Health - Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Christian Fuchsberger
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research - Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy.
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Tan Y, Wang Z, Xu M, Li B, Huang Z, Qin S, Nice EC, Tang J, Huang C. Oral squamous cell carcinomas: state of the field and emerging directions. Int J Oral Sci 2023; 15:44. [PMID: 37736748 PMCID: PMC10517027 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-023-00249-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) develops on the mucosal epithelium of the oral cavity. It accounts for approximately 90% of oral malignancies and impairs appearance, pronunciation, swallowing, and flavor perception. In 2020, 377,713 OSCC cases were reported globally. According to the Global Cancer Observatory (GCO), the incidence of OSCC will rise by approximately 40% by 2040, accompanied by a growth in mortality. Persistent exposure to various risk factors, including tobacco, alcohol, betel quid (BQ), and human papillomavirus (HPV), will lead to the development of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs), which are oral mucosal lesions with an increased risk of developing into OSCC. Complex and multifactorial, the oncogenesis process involves genetic alteration, epigenetic modification, and a dysregulated tumor microenvironment. Although various therapeutic interventions, such as chemotherapy, radiation, immunotherapy, and nanomedicine, have been proposed to prevent or treat OSCC and OPMDs, understanding the mechanism of malignancies will facilitate the identification of therapeutic and prognostic factors, thereby improving the efficacy of treatment for OSCC patients. This review summarizes the mechanisms involved in OSCC. Moreover, the current therapeutic interventions and prognostic methods for OSCC and OPMDs are discussed to facilitate comprehension and provide several prospective outlooks for the fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhan Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
- West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhihan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengtong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Bowen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Siyuan Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Edouard C Nice
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Jing Tang
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Canhua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China.
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11
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Pratap Singh R, Kumari N, Gupta S, Jaiswal R, Mehrotra D, Singh S, Mukherjee S, Kumar R. Intratumoral Microbiota Changes with Tumor Stage and Influences the Immune Signature of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0459622. [PMID: 37409975 PMCID: PMC10434029 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04596-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Characterization of the oral microbiota profile through various studies has shown an association between the microbiome and oral cancer; however, stage-specific determinants of dynamic changes in microbial communities of oral cancer remain elusive. Additionally, the influence of the intratumoral microbiota on the intratumoral immune system remains largely unexplored. Therefore, this study aims to stratify microbial abundance in the early-onset and subsequent stages of oral cancer and analyze their influence on clinical-pathological and immunological features. The microbiome composition of tissue biopsy samples was identified using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing, while intratumoral and systemic immune profiling was done with flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry-based analysis. The bacterial composition differed significantly among precancer, early cancer, and late cancer stages with the enrichment of genera Capnocytophaga, Fusobacterium, and Treponema in the cancer group, while Streptococcus and Rothia were enriched in the precancer group. Late cancer stages were significantly associated with Capnocytophaga with high predicting accuracy, while Fusobacterium was associated with early stages of cancer. A dense intermicrobial and microbiome-immune network was observed in the precancer group. At the cellular level, intratumoral immune cell infiltration of B cells and T cells (CD4+ and CD8+) was observed with enrichment of the effector memory phenotype. Naive and effector subsets of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and related gene expression were found to be distinctly associated with bacterial communities; most importantly, highly abundant bacterial genera of the tumor microenvironment were either negatively correlated or not associated with the effector lymphocytes, which led to the conclusion that the tumor microenvironment favors an immunosuppressive and nonimmunogenic microbiota. IMPORTANCE The gut microbiome has been explored extensively for its importance in the modulation of systemic inflammation and immune response; in contrast, the intratumoral microbiome is less studied for its influence on immunity in cancer. Given the established correlation between intratumoral lymphocyte infiltration and patient survival in cases of solid tumors, it was pertinent to explore the extrinsic factor influencing immune cell infiltration in the tumor. Modulation of intratumoral microbiota could have a beneficial effect on the antitumor immune response. This study stratifies the microbial profile of oral squamous cell carcinoma starting from precancer to late-stage cancer and provides evidence for their immunomodulatory role in the tumor microenvironment. Our results suggest combining microbiome study with immunological signatures of tumors for their prognostic and diagnostic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghwendra Pratap Singh
- Immunology Laboratory, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Naina Kumari
- Human Microbiome Research Laboratory, National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, Kalyani, West-Bengal, India
| | - Sameer Gupta
- Department of Surgical Oncology, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Riddhi Jaiswal
- Department of Pathology, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Divya Mehrotra
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Sciences, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sudhir Singh
- Department of Radiology, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Souvik Mukherjee
- Human Microbiome Research Laboratory, National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, Kalyani, West-Bengal, India
| | - Rashmi Kumar
- Immunology Laboratory, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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12
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Hu M, Coleman S, Fadlullah MZH, Spakowicz D, Chung CH, Tan AC. Deciphering the Tumor-Immune-Microbe Interactions in HPV-Negative Head and Neck Cancer. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1599. [PMID: 37628651 PMCID: PMC10454300 DOI: 10.3390/genes14081599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with human papillomavirus-negative head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HPV-negative HNSCC) have worse outcomes than HPV-positive HNSCC. In our study, we used a published dataset and investigated the microbes enriched in molecularly classified tumor groups. We showed that microbial signatures could distinguish Hypoxia/Immune phenotypes similar to the gene expression signatures. Furthermore, we identified three highly-correlated microbes with immune processes that are crucial for immunotherapy response. The survival of patients in a molecularly heterogenous group shows significant differences based on the co-abundance of the three microbes. Overall, we present evidence that tumor-associated microbiota are critical components of the tumor ecosystem that may impact tumor microenvironment and immunotherapy response. The results of our study warrant future investigation to experimentally validate the conclusions, which have significant impacts on clinical decision-making, such as treatment selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Hu
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; (M.H.); (S.C.); (M.Z.H.F.)
| | - Samuel Coleman
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; (M.H.); (S.C.); (M.Z.H.F.)
| | | | - Daniel Spakowicz
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology and Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Christine H. Chung
- Department of Head and Neck Endocrine Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA;
| | - Aik Choon Tan
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; (M.H.); (S.C.); (M.Z.H.F.)
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
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13
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Diwan P, Nirwan M, Bahuguna M, Kumari SP, Wahlang J, Gupta RK. Evaluating Alterations of the Oral Microbiome and Its Link to Oral Cancer among Betel Quid Chewers: Prospecting Reversal through Probiotic Intervention. Pathogens 2023; 12:996. [PMID: 37623956 PMCID: PMC10459687 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12080996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Areca nut and slaked lime, with or without tobacco wrapped in Piper betle leaf, prepared as betel quid, is extensively consumed as a masticatory product in many countries across the world. Betel Quid can promote the malignant transformation of oral lesions as well as trigger benign cellular and molecular changes. In the oral cavity, it causes changes at the compositional level in oral microbiota called dysbiosis. This dysbiosis may play an important role in Oral Cancer in betel quid chewers. The abnormal presence and increase of bacteria Fusobacterium nucleatum, Capnocytophaga gingivalis, Prevotella melaninogenica, Peptostreptococcus sp., Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Streptococcus mitis in saliva and/or other oral sites of the cancer patients has attracted frequent attention for its association with oral cancer development. In the present review, the authors have analysed the literature reports to revisit the oncogenic potential of betel quid and oral microbiome alterations, evaluating the potential of oral microbiota both as a driver and biomarker of oral cancer. The authors have also shared a perspective that the restoration of local microbiota can become a potentially therapeutic or prophylactic strategy for the delay or reversal of lip and oral cavity cancers, especially in high-risk population groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prerna Diwan
- Department of Microbiology, Ram Lal Anand College, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110021, India; (M.N.); (M.B.); (S.P.K.); (R.K.G.)
| | - Mohit Nirwan
- Department of Microbiology, Ram Lal Anand College, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110021, India; (M.N.); (M.B.); (S.P.K.); (R.K.G.)
| | - Mayank Bahuguna
- Department of Microbiology, Ram Lal Anand College, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110021, India; (M.N.); (M.B.); (S.P.K.); (R.K.G.)
| | - Shashi Prabha Kumari
- Department of Microbiology, Ram Lal Anand College, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110021, India; (M.N.); (M.B.); (S.P.K.); (R.K.G.)
| | - James Wahlang
- Department of Biochemistry, St. Edmund’s College, Shillong 793003, India;
| | - Rakesh Kumar Gupta
- Department of Microbiology, Ram Lal Anand College, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110021, India; (M.N.); (M.B.); (S.P.K.); (R.K.G.)
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14
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Bai X, Cui C, Yin J, Li H, Gong Q, Wei B, Lu Y. The association between oral hygiene and head and neck cancer: a meta-analysis. Acta Odontol Scand 2023; 81:374-395. [PMID: 36538375 DOI: 10.1080/00016357.2022.2158129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Oral hygiene has been suspected to contribute to the aetiology of head and neck cancer (HNC). Based on the meta-analysis, we evaluated the impact of oral hygiene on head and neck cancer (HNC) and its survival. MATERIALS AND METHODS Relevant case-control and cohort studies reporting survival data, oral hygiene data were searched via PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases. The odds ratios (ORs), hazard ratios (HRs), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used. Subgroup analysis was performed. RESULTS Oral hygiene was associated with HNC. Tooth brushing ≥2 a day, dental floss use, denture wearing, caries ≥3, and dental visit ≥1 reduced the risk of oral cavity cancer while mouth wash use, missing teeth >5, gum bleeding, and periodontal disease increased the risk of oral cavity cancer. For oropharynx cancer, tooth brushing ≥2 and caries ≥3 were associated with reduced risk of it. Tooth brushing ≥2 and dental visits ≥1 decreased the risk of pharynx cancer risk and larynx cancer risk, however, missing teeth >5 increased both of them. CONCLUSION Oral hygiene was associated with HNC and its sub sites. Oral hygiene should be strengthened, a dental floss use and dentist's visits can be recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Bai
- Department of Stomatology, The First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Chunyan Cui
- Department of Stomatology, The First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Jiajia Yin
- Department of Stomatology, The First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Hua Li
- Department of Stomatology, The First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Qiwei Gong
- Department of Stomatology, The First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Bo Wei
- Department of Stomatology, The First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yifan Lu
- Department of Stomatology, The Third Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, P.R. China
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15
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Solfisburg QS, Baldini F, Baldwin-Hunter BL, Lee HH, Park H, Freedberg DE, Lightdale CJ, Korem T, Abrams JA. The Salivary Microbiome and Predicted Metabolite Production are Associated with Progression from Barrett's Esophagus to Esophageal Adenocarcinoma. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.06.27.546733. [PMID: 37425673 PMCID: PMC10327009 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.27.546733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is rising in incidence and associated with poor survival, and established risk factors do not explain this trend. Microbiome alterations have been associated with progression from the precursor Barrett's esophagus (BE) to EAC, yet the oral microbiome, tightly linked to the esophageal microbiome and easier to sample, has not been extensively studied in this context. We aimed to assess the relationship between the salivary microbiome and neoplastic progression in BE to identify microbiome-related factors that may drive EAC development. We collected clinical data and oral health and hygiene history and characterized the salivary microbiome from 250 patients with and without BE, including 78 with advanced neoplasia (high grade dysplasia or early adenocarcinoma). We assessed differential relative abundance of taxa by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and associations between microbiome composition and clinical features and used microbiome metabolic modeling to predict metabolite production. We found significant shifts and increased dysbiosis associated with progression to advanced neoplasia, with these associations occurring independent of tooth loss, and the largest shifts were with the genus Streptococcus. Microbiome metabolic models predicted significant shifts in the metabolic capacities of the salivary microbiome in patients with advanced neoplasia, including increases in L-lactic acid and decreases in butyric acid and L-tryptophan production. Our results suggest both a mechanistic and predictive role for the oral microbiome in esophageal adenocarcinoma. Further work is warranted to identify the biological significance of these alterations, to validate metabolic shifts, and to determine whether they represent viable therapeutic targets for prevention of progression in BE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quinn S Solfisburg
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Federico Baldini
- Program for Mathematical Genomics, Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Harry H Lee
- Program for Mathematical Genomics, Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Heekuk Park
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Microbiome and Pathogen Genomics Collaborative Center, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Daniel E Freedberg
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Digestive and Liver Disease Research Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Charles J Lightdale
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tal Korem
- Program for Mathematical Genomics, Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- CIFAR Azrieli Global Scholars Program, CIFAR, Toronto, Canada
| | - Julian A Abrams
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Digestive and Liver Disease Research Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY USA
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16
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Sami A, Elimairi I, Ryan CA, Stanton C, Patangia D, Ross RP. Altered oral microbiome in Sudanese Toombak smokeless tobacco users carries a newly emerging risk of squamous cell carcinoma development and progression. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6645. [PMID: 37095112 PMCID: PMC10125980 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32892-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
There are an estimated 6-10 million smokeless tobacco (Toombak) users in Sudan, the majority being males. Toombak is known to be a carcinogenic product that is likely to modify the oral microbiome spatiality into a high-risk potential for the development and progression of oral cancer, but previous studies are lacking in this field. Here, we endeavour for the first time the exploration of the oral microbiome in key mucosal areas of the oral cavity and assess the microbiome variations in premalignant and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) samples from both users and non-users of Toombak. 16S rRNA sequencing was performed on DNA obtained from pooled saliva, oral mucosa and supragingival plaque from 78 Sudanese users and non-users of Toombak, aged between 20 and 70 years. In 32 of the pooled saliva samples, the mycobiome (fungal) environment was analysed through ITS sequencing. Then, 46 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples of premalignant and OSCC samples were collected, and their associated microbiomes sequenced. The oral Sudanese microbiome was found to be enriched in Streptococcaceae, but Staphylococcaceae were significantly more abundant amongst Toombak users. Genera enriched in the oral cavity of Toombak users included Corynebacterium_1 and Cardiobacterium while in non-users, Prevotella, Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium were prominent. Aspergillus was the most abundant fungus in the mouths of Toombak users with a marked loss of Candida. The genus Corynebacterium_1 was abundant in the buccal, floor of the mouth and saliva microbiomes as well as in oral cancer samples from Toombak users indicating a possible role for this genus in the early stages of oral cancer development. An oral cancer microbiome that favours poor survival and metastasis in those who use Toombak also emerged that includes the genera Stenotrophomonas and Schlegelella. Those utilising Toombak carry an altered oral microbiome that may be an additional risk factor for this products carcinogenicity to the oral structures. These significant microbiome modulations are a newly emerging key driving factor in oral cancer development and progression in Toombak users while it is also shown that Toombak users carry an oral cancer microbiome that may increase the potential for a poorer prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amel Sami
- APC Microbiome Ireland, School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, T12 YN60, Ireland
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, National Ribat University, Nile street, 1111, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Imad Elimairi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, National Ribat University, Nile street, 1111, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - C Anthony Ryan
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University College Cork, Cork, T12 DFK4, Ireland
| | - Catherine Stanton
- APC Microbiome Ireland, School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, T12 YN60, Ireland.
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Cork, P61 C996, Ireland.
| | - Dhrati Patangia
- APC Microbiome Ireland, School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, T12 YN60, Ireland
| | - R Paul Ross
- APC Microbiome Ireland, School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, T12 YN60, Ireland
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17
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Oliveira LM, Antoniazzi RP, Demarco FF, Zanatta FB. Differences in the subgingival microbial composition associated with alcohol intake: A systematic review. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2023; 13:259-266. [PMID: 36866164 PMCID: PMC9971176 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2023.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to conduct a systematic evaluation of the literature on whether individuals exposed to alcohol intake present differences in the subgingival microbial composition compared to those unexposed. Methods Five databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, SCOPUS and Web of Science) and one source of grey literature (Google Scholar) were searched by two independent reviewers up to December 2022 according to pre-specified eligibility criteria. No restrictions were imposed regarding the date and language of publication and the periodontal status of the participants. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used for methodological quality appraisal and a narrative synthesis was performed. Results Eight cross-sectional studies and one cross-sectional analysis nested in a cohort were considered for qualitative analysis, including data of 4636 individuals. Overall, the studies exhibited considerable heterogeneity in terms of characteristics of the participants and microbiological methods. Four studies have high methodological quality. Exposed individuals have higher overall quantity of periodontal pathogens in shallow and moderate to deep pockets. Findings on richness, relative abundance, alpha- and beta-diversity were limited and inconclusive. Conclusion The subgingival microbiota of individuals exposed to alcohol intake has higher overall quantity of red (i.e., P. gingivalis) and orange-complex (i.e., F. nucleatum) bacteria when compared to those unexposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro Machado Oliveira
- Department of Stomatology, Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Emphasis on Periodontics, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Raquel Pippi Antoniazzi
- Department of Stomatology, Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Emphasis on Periodontics, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Flávio Fernando Demarco
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Epidemiology, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Batistin Zanatta
- Department of Stomatology, Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Emphasis on Periodontics, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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18
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Shen X, Zhang YL, Zhu JF, Xu BH. Oral dysbiosis in the onset and carcinogenesis of oral epithelial dysplasia: A systematic review. Arch Oral Biol 2023; 147:105630. [PMID: 36709626 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2023.105630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This systematic review aims to investigate possible connections between the oral microbiome and the onset and carcinogenesis of oral epithelial dysplasia (OED). METHODS A systematic search was performed on PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Database, and SCOPUS by two authors independently, addressing the focused question- "Has oral microbiome dysbiosis been involved in the onset and carcinogenesis of oral epithelial dysplasia?" We used the Newcastle-Ottawa scale to assess the quality of studies included in the review. RESULTS Out of 580 references screened, ten studies were found eligible for inclusion. All studies were case-control studies, and only qualitative analysis was conducted due to heterogeneous characteristics. The overall risk of bias in the eligible studies was considered as high. Microbiome diversity indices showed inconsistent evidence among studies. A significant increase of phylum Bacteroidetes in OED patients was reported in five studies. Five studies reported an increase of genus Fusobacterium in both the OED and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients and six different studies respectively reported a reduction of genus Streptococcus in both the OED and OSCC groups when compared to normal controls. Other predominant bacteria that were specific to different patient groups varied in each study. CONCLUSIONS The results of the included studies showed that the composition of the oral microbiome in patients with OED compared to healthy controls and OSCC patients was inconsistent. However, all ten studies showed non-negligible heterogeneity in the type and size of the sample, and the comparability between groups, which strongly limited the external validity of results. Further studies are strongly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Shen
- Center of Dental Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, 2 Ying-Hua-Yuan East Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yue-Lun Zhang
- Medical Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Jun-Fei Zhu
- Center of Dental Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, 2 Ying-Hua-Yuan East Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Bao-Hua Xu
- Center of Dental Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, 2 Ying-Hua-Yuan East Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China.
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19
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Domingues C, Cabral C, Jarak I, Veiga F, Dourado M, Figueiras A. The Debate between the Human Microbiota and Immune System in Treating Aerodigestive and Digestive Tract Cancers: A Review. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11030492. [PMID: 36992076 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11030492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The human microbiota comprises a group of microorganisms co-existing in the human body. Unbalanced microbiota homeostasis may impact metabolic and immune system regulation, shrinking the edge between health and disease. Recently, the microbiota has been considered a prominent extrinsic/intrinsic element of cancer development and a promising milestone in the modulation of conventional cancer treatments. Particularly, the oral cavity represents a yin-and-yang target site for microorganisms that can promote human health or contribute to oral cancer development, such as Fusobacterium nucleatum. Moreover, Helicobacter pylori has also been implicated in esophageal and stomach cancers, and decreased butyrate-producing bacteria, such as Lachnospiraceae spp. and Ruminococcaceae, have demonstrated a protective role in the development of colorectal cancer. Interestingly, prebiotics, e.g., polyphenols, probiotics (Faecalibacterium, Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, and Burkholderia), postbiotics (inosine, butyrate, and propionate), and innovative nanomedicines can modulate antitumor immunity, circumventing resistance to conventional treatments and could complement existing therapies. Therefore, this manuscript delivers a holistic perspective on the interaction between human microbiota and cancer development and treatment, particularly in aerodigestive and digestive cancers, focusing on applying prebiotics, probiotics, and nanomedicines to overcome some challenges in treating cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cátia Domingues
- Laboratory of Drug Development and Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Drug Development and Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Cristiana Cabral
- Laboratory of Drug Development and Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ivana Jarak
- Laboratory of Drug Development and Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Francisco Veiga
- Laboratory of Drug Development and Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Drug Development and Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Marília Dourado
- Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Health Studies and Research of the University of Coimbra (CEISUC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Studies and Development of Continuous and Palliative Care (CEDCCP), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Figueiras
- Laboratory of Drug Development and Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Drug Development and Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
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20
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Propionate-producing Veillonella parvula regulates the malignant properties of tumor cells of OSCC. Med Oncol 2023; 40:98. [PMID: 36808012 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-01962-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), main head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs), remains a global health concern with unknown pathogenesis. Veillonella parvula NCTC11810 was observed to decrease in saliva microbiome of OSCC patients in this study and the aim was to detect the novel role of Veillonella parvula NCTC11810 in regulating the biological characteristics of OSCC through TROP2/PI3K/Akt pathway. Oral microbial community changes of OSCC patients were detected by 16S rDNA gene sequencing technology. CCK8 assay, Transwell assay, and Annexin V-FITC/PI staining were used for proliferation, invasion, and apoptosis analysis of OSCC cell lines. Expression of proteins were determined by Western blotting analysis. Veillonella parvula NCTC11810 showed decreased in saliva microbiome of TROP2 high-expressed OSCC patients. Culture supernatant of Veillonella parvula NCTC11810 promoted the apoptosis and inhibited the proliferation and invasion ability of HN6 cells, while sodium propionate (SP), the main metabolite of Veillonella parvula NCTC11810, played a similar role through the inhibition of TROP2/PI3K/Akt pathway. Studies above supported the proliferation-inhibiting, invasion-inhibiting, and apoptosis-promoting function of Veillonella parvula NCTC11810 in OSCC cells which provided new insights into oral microbiota and their metabolite as a therapeutic method for OSCC patients with TROP2 high expressing.
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21
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Marin-Dett FH, Campanella JEM, Trovatti E, Bertolini MC, Vergani CE, Barbugli PA. Extracellular lipids of Candida albicans biofilm induce lipid droplet formation and decreased response to a topoisomerase I inhibitor in dysplastic and neoplastic oral cells. J Appl Oral Sci 2023; 30:e20220319. [PMID: 36753070 DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2022-0319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Some microorganisms, i.e., Candida albicans, have been associated with cancer onset and development, although whether the fungus promotes cancer or whether cancer facilitates the growth of C. albicans is unclear. In this context, microbial-derived molecules can modulate the growth and resistance of cancer cells. This study isolated extracellular lipids (ECL) from a 36-h Candida albicans biofilm incubated with oral dysplastic (DOK) and neoplastic (SCC 25) cells, which were further challenged with the topoisomerase I inhibitor camptothecin (CPT), a lipophilic anti-tumoral molecule. METHODOLOGY ECL were extracted from a 36-h Candida albicans biofilm with the methanol/chloroform precipitation method and identified with Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H-NMR). The MTT tetrazolium assay measured ECL cytotoxicity in DOK and SCC 25 cells, alamarBlue™ assessed cell metabolism, flow cytometry measured cell cycle, and confocal microscopy determined intracellular features. RESULTS Three major classes of ECL of C. albicans biofilm were found: phosphatidylinositol (PI), phosphatidylcholine (PC), and phosphatidylglycerol (PG). The ECL of C. albicans biofilm had no cytotoxic effect on neither cell after 24 hours, with a tendency to disturb the SCC 25 cell cycle profile (without statistical significance). The ECL-induced intracellular lipid droplet (LD) formation on both cell lines after 72 hours. In this context, ECL enhanced cell metabolism, decreased the response to CPT, and modified intracellular drug distribution. CONCLUSION The ECL (PI, PC, and PG) of 36-h Candida albicans biofilm directly interacts with dysplastic and neoplastic oral cells, highlighting the relevance of better understanding C. albicans biofilm signaling in the microenvironment of tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Freddy Humberto Marin-Dett
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Araraquara, Brasil
| | | | - Eliane Trovatti
- Universidade de Araraquara (UNIARA), Departamento de Saúde e Ciências Biológicas, Araraquara, Brasil
| | - Maria Célia Bertolini
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Instituto de Química, Departamento de Bioquímica e Química Orgânica, Araraquara, Brasil
| | - Carlos Eduardo Vergani
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Odontologia, Departamento de Materiais Dentários e Prótese, Araraquara, Brasil
| | - Paula Aboud Barbugli
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Araraquara, Brasil.,Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Odontologia, Departamento de Materiais Dentários e Prótese, Araraquara, Brasil
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22
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Janket SJ, Lee C, Surakka M, Jangam TG, Van Dyke TE, Baird AE, Meurman JH. Oral hygiene, mouthwash usage and cardiovascular mortality during 18.8 years of follow-up. Br Dent J 2023:10.1038/s41415-023-5507-4. [PMID: 36737459 PMCID: PMC9897600 DOI: 10.1038/s41415-023-5507-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Aim(s) We tested the following hypotheses: would better oral hygiene self-care (OHS) influence cardiovascular (CVD) mortality? Will using mouthwash in addition to OHS affect CVD mortality? How does mouthwash usage impact the oral microbes?Design and methods Among 354 dentate subjects from the Kuopio Oral Health and Heart study, the association of OHS with CVD mortality was assessed using Cox regression analyses, adjusting for age, sex, smoking, dyslipidemia, diabetes, hypertension and education. Additionally, whether using mouthwash would affect this relationship was evaluated.Results In the multivariable-adjusted models, OHS was associated with a 51% reduction in the risk of CVD mortality (hazard ratio [HR] 0.49 [0.28-0.85]; p = 0.01). Even those who had coronary artery disease at baseline showed a marginally significant benefit (0.50 [0.24-1.06]; p = 0.07). However, mouthwash usage did not change OHS effects (HR = 0.49 [0.27-0.87]; p = 0.01), indicating no additional benefits nor detriments. All tested microbes trended to decrease with mouthwash usage in the short term, but none were statistically significant.Conclusion Good OHS significantly lowered the risk of CVD mortality relative to poor OHS. Mouthwash usage did not show any long-term harm or benefit on CVD mortality beyond the benefits rendered by brushing and flossing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sok-Ja Janket
- The Forsyth Institute, Centre for Clinical and Translational Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
| | - Caitlyn Lee
- Boston University Externship, Wheeler High School, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Markku Surakka
- Department of Maxillofacial Diseases, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Thomas E Van Dyke
- The Forsyth Institute, Centre for Clinical and Translational Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alison E Baird
- Department of Neurology, SUNY Downstate Medical Centre, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - Jukka H Meurman
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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23
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Oral microbiota in cancer: could the bad guy turn good with application of polyphenols? Expert Rev Mol Med 2022; 25:e1. [PMID: 36511134 DOI: 10.1017/erm.2022.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The human oral cavity is comprised of dynamic and polynomial microbes which uniquely reside in the microenvironments of oral cavities. The cumulative functions of the symbiotic microbial communities maintain normal homeostasis; however, a shifted microbiota yields a dysbiosis state, which produces local and systemic diseases including dental caries, periodontitis, cancer, obesity and diabetes. Recent research reports claim that an association occurs between oral dysbiosis and the progression of different types of cancers including oral, gastric and pancreatic ones. Different mechanisms are proposed for the development of cancer, such as induction of inflammatory reactions, production of carcinogenic materials and alteration of the immune system. Medications are available to treat these associated diseases; however, the current strategies may further worsen the disease by unwanted side effects. Natural-derived polyphenol molecules significantly inhibit a wide range of systemic diseases with fewer side effects. In this review, we have displayed the functions of the oral microbes and we have extended the report regarding the role of polyphenols in oral microbiota to maintain healthy conditions and prevention of diseases with emphasis on the treatment of oral microbiota-associated cancer.
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24
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Peter TK, Withanage MHH, Comnick CL, Pendleton C, Dabdoub S, Ganesan S, Drake D, Banas J, Xie XJ, Zeng E. Systematic review and meta-analysis of oral squamous cell carcinoma associated oral microbiome. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:968304. [PMID: 36338051 PMCID: PMC9632422 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.968304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The intersection between the human oral microbiome and oral health is an emerging area of study which has gained momentum over the last decade. This momentum has motivated a search for associations between the oral microbiome and oral cancer, in hopes of identifying possible biomarkers that facilitate earlier diagnosis and improved prognosis for patients with that disease. The present study examined the relationship between the microbiome in the human oral cavity and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). We searched the literature for case-control studies which focused on the relationship between the human oral microbiome and OSCC. We aggregated three types of data from these studies: bacteriome data at the genus level, predicted functional pathway data, and gene abundance data. From these data, we noted several microbial genera which may be associated with oral cancer status, including Fusobacterium. We also identified functional pathways which merit further investigation, including RNA degradation (ko03018) and primary immunodeficiency (ko05340). In addition, our analysis of gene abundance data identified the gene K06147 (ATP-binding cassette, subfamily B, bacterial) as being over abundant in OSCC samples. Our results are generalizations which identified some currents that we believe could guide further research. Our work faced several limitations related to the heterogeneity of the available data. Wide variation in methods for sample collection, methods for controlling for known behavioral risk factors, computing platform choice, and methods for case-control design all posed confounding factors in this work. We examined the current methods of data collection, data processing, and data reporting in order to offer suggestions toward the establishment of best practices within this field. We propose that these limitations should be addressed through the implementation of standardized data analytic practices that will conform to the rigor and reproducibility standards required of publicly funded research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tabitha K. Peter
- Division of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Miyuraj H. H. Withanage
- Division of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Carissa L. Comnick
- Division of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Chandler Pendleton
- Division of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Shareef Dabdoub
- Division of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States,College of Dentistry, Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Sukirth Ganesan
- College of Dentistry, Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States,Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - David Drake
- College of Dentistry, Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Jeffrey Banas
- College of Dentistry, Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States,Department of Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Xian Jin Xie
- Division of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States,College of Dentistry, Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States,Department of Preventative and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Erliang Zeng
- Division of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States,College of Dentistry, Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States,Department of Preventative and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States,*Correspondence: Erliang Zeng
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25
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Role of Epstein-Barr Virus and Human Papilloma Virus in the Development of Oropharyngeal Cancer: A Literature Review. Int J Dent 2022; 2022:3191569. [PMID: 35769943 PMCID: PMC9236829 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3191569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this review was to describe the association and related mechanisms between HPV, EBV, and the development of oral and oropharyngeal cancer. A search for scientific evidence was carried out in electronic databases (MEDLINE/PubMed, SciELO). It was found that, among the carcinogenic mechanisms of HPV, E6 and E7 proteins are responsible for the malignization process, inhibiting tumor suppressors p53 and pRb. As to EBV, it was noted that its “hit and run” phenomenon manipulates the host epigenetic mechanism, triggering the tumor process without the virus being currently present; a “cellular reprogramming” is essentially generated, causing heritable changes in gene expression without DNA mutation. In conclusion, there is an association between oropharyngeal carcinogenesis and HPV and also between the former and EBV. Further studies are required to clarify the causal mechanisms and impact of both viruses on cancer development and to obtain biomarkers of greater specificity in the case of EBV.
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26
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McKeon MG, Gallant JN, Kim YJ, Das SR. It Takes Two to Tango: A Review of Oncogenic Virus and Host Microbiome Associated Inflammation in Head and Neck Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14133120. [PMID: 35804891 PMCID: PMC9265087 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14133120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Certain viruses, specifically, human papillomavirus (HPV) and Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), have been linked with the development of head and neck cancer. In this study, we review the mechanisms by which (these) viruses lead to cellular transformation and a chronic inflammatory state. Given that the head and neck host a rich microbiome (which itself is intrinsically linked to inflammation), we scrutinize the literature to highlight the interplay between viruses, cellular transformation, inflammation, and the local host microbiome in head and neck cancer. Abstract While the two primary risk factors for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) are alcohol and tobacco, viruses account for an important and significant upward trend in HNSCC incidence. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the causative agent for a subset of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC)—a cancer that is impacting a rapidly growing group of typically middle-aged non-smoking white males. While HPV is a ubiquitously present (with about 1% of the population having high-risk oral HPV infection at any one time), less than 1% of those infected with high-risk strains develop OPSCC—suggesting that additional cofactors or coinfections may be required. Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is a similarly ubiquitous virus that is strongly linked to nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Both of these viruses cause cellular transformation and chronic inflammation. While dysbiosis of the human microbiome has been associated with similar chronic inflammation and the pathogenesis of mucosal diseases (including OPSCC and NPC), a significant knowledge gap remains in understanding the role of bacterial-viral interactions in the initiation, development, and progression of head and neck cancers. In this review, we utilize the known associations of HPV with OPSCC and EBV with NPC to investigate these interactions. We thoroughly review the literature and highlight how perturbations of the pharyngeal microbiome may impact host-microbiome-tumor-viral interactions—leading to tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mallory G. McKeon
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1161 21st Avenue South, Medical Center North, Suite A2200, Nashville, TN 37232, USA;
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; (J.-N.G.); (Y.J.K.)
| | - Jean-Nicolas Gallant
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; (J.-N.G.); (Y.J.K.)
| | - Young J. Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; (J.-N.G.); (Y.J.K.)
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Suman R. Das
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1161 21st Avenue South, Medical Center North, Suite A2200, Nashville, TN 37232, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(615)-322-0322; Fax: +1-(615)-343-6160
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27
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Lamont RJ, Fitzsimonds ZR, Wang H, Gao S. Role of Porphyromonas gingivalis in oral and orodigestive squamous cell carcinoma. Periodontol 2000 2022; 89:154-165. [PMID: 35244980 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Oral and esophageal squamous cell carcinomas harbor a diverse microbiome that differs compositionally from precancerous and healthy tissues. Though causality is yet to be definitively established, emerging trends implicate periodontal pathogens such as Porphyromonas gingivalis as associated with the cancerous state. Moreover, infection with P. gingivalis correlates with a poor prognosis, and P. gingivalis is oncopathogenic in animal models. Mechanistically, properties of P. gingivalis that have been established in vitro and could promote tumor development include induction of a dysbiotic inflammatory microenvironment, inhibition of apoptosis, increased cell proliferation, enhanced angiogenesis, activation of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and production of carcinogenic metabolites. The microbial community context is also relevant to oncopathogenicity, and consortia of P. gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum are synergistically pathogenic in oral cancer models in vivo. In contrast, oral streptococci, such as Streptococcus gordonii, can antagonize protumorigenic epithelial cell phenotypes induced by P. gingivalis, indicating functionally specialized roles for bacteria in oncogenic communities. Consistent with the notion of the bacterial community constituting the etiologic unit, metatranscriptomic data indicate that functional, rather than compositional, properties of the tumor-associated communities have more relevance to cancer development. A consistent association of P. gingivalis with oral and orodigestive carcinoma could have diagnostic potential for early detection of these conditions that have a high incidence and low survival rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Lamont
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Zackary R Fitzsimonds
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Huizhi Wang
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Molecular Biology, VCU School of Dentistry, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Shegan Gao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Cancer Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
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28
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Zhang Y, D’Souza G, Fakhry C, Bigelow EO, Usyk M, Burk RD, Zhao N. Oral Human Papillomavirus Associated With Differences in Oral Microbiota Beta Diversity and Microbiota Abundance. J Infect Dis 2022; 226:1098-1108. [PMID: 35038733 PMCID: PMC9492316 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiac010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although cervicovaginal microbiome has been associated with cervical human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, little is known regarding the association of oral microbiome with oral HPV, a cause of oropharyngeal cancer. METHODS A cross-sectional analysis of 495 participants from the Men and Women Offering Understanding of Throat HPV study was conducted. 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing was performed on saliva samples. HPV DNA in oral rinse samples was tested. Associations of oral microbiome diversity, taxon abundance, and predicted functional pathways with oral HPV were assessed, adjusting for age, race/ethnicity, education, human immunodeficiency virus, current smoking, and sequencing batch. RESULTS Participants with oral HPV (n = 68) compared with those without HPV had similar oral microbiome alpha-diversity yet different beta-diversity (Bray-Curtis distance for bacterial taxa, P = .009; functional pathways, P = .02). Participants with oral HPV had higher abundance of Actinomycetaceae, Prevotellaceae, Veillonellaceae, Campylobacteraceae, Bacteroidetes, and lower abundance of Gemellaceae (false discovery rate <0.10). We also found differential functional potential of oral microbiome by oral HPV status: xenobiotic biodegradation-related pathways were less abundant among participants with oral HPV, suggesting potential xenobiotic-induced toxic effects with implications for HPV susceptibility. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest a shift in oral microbiome community structure, composition, and functional potential between individuals with and without oral HPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuehan Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Gypsyamber D’Souza
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA,Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Carole Fakhry
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA,Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Elaine O Bigelow
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Mykhaylo Usyk
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Women's Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Robert D Burk
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Women's Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA,Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Ni Zhao
- Correspondence: Ni Zhao, PhD, Johns Hopkins University, 615 N. Wolfe St, #E3622, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA ()
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29
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Shen Y, Laue HE, Shrubsole MJ, Wu H, Bloomquist TR, Larouche A, Zhao K, Gao F, Boivin A, Prada D, Hunting DJ, Gillet V, Takser L, Baccarelli AA. Associations of Childhood and Perinatal Blood Metals with Children's Gut Microbiomes in a Canadian Gestation Cohort. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2022; 130:17007. [PMID: 35037767 PMCID: PMC8763169 DOI: 10.1289/ehp9674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gut microbiome is important in modulating health in childhood. Metal exposures affect multiple health outcomes, but their ability to modify bacterial communities in children is poorly understood. OBJECTIVES We assessed the associations of childhood and perinatal blood metal levels with childhood gut microbiome diversity, structure, species, gene family-inferred species, and potential pathway alterations. METHODS We assessed the gut microbiome using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and shotgun metagenomic sequencing in stools collected from 6- to 7-year-old children participating in the GESTation and Environment (GESTE) cohort study. We assessed blood metal concentrations [cadmium (Cd), manganese (Mn), mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), selenium (Se)] at two time points, namely, perinatal exposures at delivery (N = 70 ) and childhood exposures at the 6- to 7-y follow-up (N = 68 ). We used multiple covariate-adjusted statistical models to determine microbiome associations with continuous blood metal levels, including linear regression (Shannon and Pielou alpha diversity indexes), permutational multivariate analysis of variance (adonis; beta diversity distance matrices), and multivariable association model (MaAsLin2; phylum, family, species, gene family-inferred species, and pathways). RESULTS Children's blood Mn and Se significantly associated with microbiome phylum [e.g., Verrucomicrobiota (coef = - 0.305 , q = 0.031 ; coef = 0.262 , q = 0.084 , respectively)] and children's blood Mn significantly associated with family [e.g., Eggerthellaceae (coef = - 0.228 , q = 0.052 )]-level differences. Higher relative abundance of potential pathogens (e.g., Flavonifractor plautii), beneficial species (e.g., Bifidobacterium longum, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii), and both potentially pathogenic and beneficial species (e.g., Bacteriodes vulgatus, Eubacterium rectale) inferred from gene families were associated with higher childhood or perinatal blood Cd, Hg, and Pb (q < 0.1 ). We found significant negative associations between childhood blood Pb and acetylene degradation pathway abundance (q < 0.1 ). Finally, neither perinatal nor childhood metal concentrations were associated with children's gut microbial inter- and intrasubject diversity. DISCUSSION Our findings suggest both long- and short-term associations between metal exposure and the childhood gut microbiome, with stronger associations observed with more recent exposure. Future epidemiologic analyses may elucidate whether the observed changes in the microbiome relate to children's health. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP9674.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yike Shen
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Hannah E. Laue
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Martha J. Shrubsole
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Haotian Wu
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Tessa R. Bloomquist
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Annie Larouche
- Département de Pédiatrie, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Kankan Zhao
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Amélie Boivin
- Département de Pédiatrie, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Diddier Prada
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Basic Science, Instituto Nacional de Cancerologia, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Darel J. Hunting
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Virginie Gillet
- Département de Pédiatrie, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Larissa Takser
- Département de Pédiatrie, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
- Departement de Psychiatrie, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Andrea A. Baccarelli
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York, USA
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Metsäniitty M, Hasnat S, Salo T, Salem A. Oral Microbiota-A New Frontier in the Pathogenesis and Management of Head and Neck Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 14:cancers14010046. [PMID: 35008213 PMCID: PMC8750462 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14010046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a group of common and aggressive tumors. Recently, oral microbiota has been credited as an important player in carcinogenesis. However, the available knowledge is not always consistent and sometimes conflicting. Therefore, the present comprehensive systematic review of the current clinical reports was conducted to evaluate the role of oral microbiota in HNSCC. Importantly, this study addresses whether oral microbiota targeting could provide diagnostic, prognostic or therapeutic utility in cancer patients. We also discussed the current limitations of this newly emerging field and the potential related strategies for the management of patients with HNSCC and possibly other solid tumors. Abstract Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) comprises the majority of tumors in head and neck tissues. The prognosis of HNSCC has not significantly improved for decades, signifying the need for new diagnostic and therapeutic targets. Recent evidence suggests that oral microbiota is associated with carcinogenesis. Thus, we conducted a comprehensive systematic review to evaluate the current evidence regarding the role of oral microbiota in HNSCC and whether their targeting may confer diagnostic, prognostic or therapeutic utility. Following the screening of 233 publications retrieved from multiple databases, 34 eligible studies comprising 2469 patients were compiled and critically appraised. Importantly, many oral pathogens, such as Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum were linked to certain oral potentially malignant lesions and various types of HNSCC. Furthermore, we summarized the association between the expression profiles of different oral bacterial species and their tumorigenic and prognostic effects in cancer patients. We also discussed the current limitations of this newly emerging area and the potential microbiota-related strategies for preventing and treating HNSCC. Whilst many clinical studies are underway to unravel the role of oral microbiota in cancer, the limited available data and experimental approaches reflect the newness of this promising yet challenging field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjut Metsäniitty
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; (M.M.); (S.H.); (T.S.)
| | - Shrabon Hasnat
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; (M.M.); (S.H.); (T.S.)
| | - Tuula Salo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; (M.M.); (S.H.); (T.S.)
- Translational Immunology Research Program (TRIMM), Research Program Unit (RPU), University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Pathology, Helsinki University Hospital (HUS), 00029 Helsinki, Finland
- Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Abdelhakim Salem
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; (M.M.); (S.H.); (T.S.)
- Translational Immunology Research Program (TRIMM), Research Program Unit (RPU), University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Pathology, Helsinki University Hospital (HUS), 00029 Helsinki, Finland
- Correspondence:
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Khatun S, Appidi T, Rengan AK. The role played by bacterial infections in the onset and metastasis of cancer. CURRENT RESEARCH IN MICROBIAL SCIENCES 2021; 2:100078. [PMID: 34841367 PMCID: PMC8610348 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmicr.2021.100078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding various responses of cells towards change in their external environment, presence of other species and is important in identifying and correlating the mechanisms leading to malignant transformations and cancer development. Although uncovering and comprehending the association between bacteria and cancer is highly challenging, it promises excellent perspectives and approaches for successful cancer therapy. This review introduces various bacterial species, their virulence factors, and their role in cell transformations leading to cancer (particularly gastric, oral, colon, and breast cancer). Bacterial dysbiosis permutates host cells, causes inflammation, and results in tumorigenesis. This review explored bacterial-mediated host cell transformation causing chronic inflammation, immune receptor hyperactivation/absconding immune recognition, and genomic instability. Bacterial infections downregulate E-cadherin, leading to loosening of epithelial tight junction polarity and triggers metastasis. In addition to understanding the role of bacterial infections in cancer development, we have also reviewed the application of bacteria for cancer therapy. The emergence of bacteriotherapy combined with conventional therapies led to new and effective ways of overcoming challenges associated with available treatments. This review discusses the application of bacterial minicells, microswimmers, and outer cell membrane vesicles (OMV) for drug delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajmina Khatun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, IIT Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy 502284, Telangana, India
| | - Tejaswini Appidi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, IIT Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy 502284, Telangana, India
| | - Aravind Kumar Rengan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, IIT Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy 502284, Telangana, India
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Gugnacki P, Sierko E. Is There an Interplay between Oral Microbiome, Head and Neck Carcinoma and Radiation-Induced Oral Mucositis? Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:5902. [PMID: 34885015 PMCID: PMC8656742 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13235902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck carcinoma is one of the most common human malignancy types and it ranks as the sixth most common cancer worldwide. Nowadays, a great potential of microbiome research is observed in oncology-investigating the effect of oral microbiome in oncogenesis, occurrence of treatment side effects and response to anticancer therapies. The microbiome is a unique collection of microorganisms and their genetic material, interactions and products residing within the mucous membranes. The aim of this paper is to summarize current research on the oral microbiome and its impact on the development of head and neck cancer and radiation-induced oral mucositis. Human microbiome might determine an oncogenic effect by, among other things, inducing chronic inflammatory response, instigating cellular antiapoptotic signals, modulation of anticancer immunity or influencing xenobiotic metabolism. Influence of oral microbiome on radiation-induced oral mucositis is expressed by the production of additional inflammatory cytokines and facilitates progression and aggravation of mucositis. Exacerbated acute radiation reaction and bacterial superinfections lead to the deterioration of the patient's condition and worsening of the quality of life. Simultaneously, positive effects of probiotics on the course of radiation-induced oral mucositis have been observed. Understanding the impact on the emerging acute radiation reaction on the composition of the microflora can be helpful in developing a multifactorial model to forecast the course of radiation-induced oral mucositis. Investigating these processes will allow us to create optimized and personalized preventive measures and treatment aimed at their formation mechanism. Further studies are needed to better establish the structure of the oral microbiome as well as the dynamics of its changes before and after therapy. It will help to expand the understanding of the biological function of commensal and pathogenic oral microbiota in HNC carcinogenesis and the development of radiation-induced oral mucositis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ewa Sierko
- Department of Oncology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-025 Bialystok, Poland;
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Devlin SM, Martin A, Ostrovnaya I. Identifying prognostic pairwise relationships among bacterial species in microbiome studies. PLoS Comput Biol 2021; 17:e1009501. [PMID: 34752448 PMCID: PMC8631663 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent literature, the human microbiome has been shown to have a major influence on human health. To investigate this impact, scientists study the composition and abundance of bacterial species, commonly using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, among patients with and without a disease or condition. Methods for such investigations to date have focused on the association between individual bacterium and an outcome, and higher-order pairwise relationships or interactions among bacteria are often avoided due to the substantial increase in dimension and the potential for spurious correlations. However, overlooking such relationships ignores the environment of the microbiome, where there is dynamic cooperation and competition among bacteria. We present a method for identifying and ranking pairs of bacteria that have a differential dichotomized relationship across outcomes. Our approach, implemented in an R package PairSeek, uses the stability selection framework with data-driven dichotomized forms of the pairwise relationships. We illustrate the properties of the proposed method using a published oral cancer data set and a simulation study. Within an ecological system, microbial communities represent complex relationships between bacteria, where they co-exist and interact with each other in multiple ways including cooperation and competition. Most existing statistical tools for examining the association between microbiota and a disease state, such as individuals with and without cancer, focus on individual bacterium in isolation, ignoring the dynamic environment in which it lives. In this manuscript, we propose an algorithm for assessing the association between pairs of bacteria and a disease state. The approach provides a mechanism to rank pairs of bacteria, from pairs with the most evidence of an association with the disease state to the least amount of evidence. This ranking helps generate hypotheses and prioritize bacteria for further investigation. We illustrate the algorithm using a publicly available data set of oral cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean M Devlin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, United States of America
| | - Axel Martin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, United States of America
| | - Irina Ostrovnaya
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, United States of America
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A cross-sectional analysis of oral health care spending over the life span in commercial- and Medicaid-insured populations. J Am Dent Assoc 2021; 153:101-109.e11. [PMID: 34772476 DOI: 10.1016/j.adaj.2021.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Life course theory creates a better framework to understand how oral health care needs and challenges align with specific phases of the life span, care models, social programs, and changes in policy. METHODS The authors obtained data from the 2018 IBM Watson Multi-State Medicaid MarketScan Database (31 million claims) and the 2018 IBM Watson Dental Commercial and Medicare Supplemental Claims Database (45 million claims). The authors conducted analysis comparing per enrollee spending on fee-for-service dental claims and medical spending on oral health care for patients from ages 0 through 89 years. RESULTS Oral health care use rate and spending are lower during the first 4 years of life and in young adulthood than in other periods of life. Stark differences in the timing, impact, and severity of caries, periodontal disease, and oral cancer are seen between those enrolled in Medicaid and commercial dental plans. Early childhood caries and oral cancer occur more frequently and at younger ages in Medicaid populations. CONCLUSIONS This life span analysis of the US multipayer oral health care system shows the complexities of the current dental service environment and a lack of equitable access to oral health care. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS Health policies should be focused on optimizing care delivery to provide effective preventive care at specific stages of the life span.
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Srivastava A, Mishra S, Verma D. Characterization of Oral Bacterial Composition of Adult Smokeless Tobacco Users from Healthy Indians Using 16S rDNA Analysis. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2021; 82:1061-1073. [PMID: 33634334 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-021-01711-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The present investigation is aiming to report the oral bacterial composition of smokeless tobacco (SLT) users and to determine the influence of SLT products on the healthy Indian population. With the aid of the V3 hypervariable region of the 16S rRNA gene, a total of 8,080,889 high-quality reads were clustered into 15 phyla and 180 genera in the oral cavity of the SLT users. Comparative analysis revealed a more diverse microbiome where two phyla and sixteen genera were significantly different among the SLT users as compared to the control group (p-value < 0.05). The prevalence of Fusobacteria-, Porphyromonas-, Desulfobulbus-, Enterococcus-, and Parvimonas-like genera among SLT users indicates altered bacterial communities among SLT users. Besides, the depletion of health-compatible bacteria such as Lactobacillus and Haemophilus also suggests poor oral health. Here, the majority of the altered genera belong to Gram-negative anaerobes that have been reported for assisting biofilm formation that leads in the progression of several oral diseases. The PICRUSt analysis further supports the hypothesis where a significant increase in the count of the genes involved in the metabolism of nitrogen, amino acids, and nicotinate/nicotinamide was observed among tobacco chewers. Moreover, this study has a high significance in Indian prospects where the SLT consumers are prevalent but we are deficient in information on their oral microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Srivastava
- Department of Microbiology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, India
| | - SukhDev Mishra
- Department of Bio-Statistics and Data Management, ICMR-National Institute of Occupational Health, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Digvijay Verma
- Department of Microbiology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, India.
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Understanding the link between the oral microbiome and the development and progression of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. CURRENT OPINION IN PHYSIOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2021.100471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Darwin D, Castelino RL, Babu GS, Asan MF, Sarkar AS, Shaktivel S. Oral Equilibrium in Cachexia. Asia Pac J Oncol Nurs 2021; 8:519-526. [PMID: 34527781 PMCID: PMC8420925 DOI: 10.4103/apjon.apjon-2139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral cancer, a part of head-and-neck cancer (HNC), is associated with a high risk of cancer-associated weight loss causing cachexia which is still an understudied illness. Cachexia is a host-phagocytic syndrome caused by the multiple factors, resulting in the severity of heterogenic fashion. For the current review, a bibliographic search was done in PubMed and other databases for the English articles published from the year 1980 to 2021. Recent studies have revealed that cachexia associated with 35%-60% of all the oral cancer patients is either due to the implication of the tumor or obstruction of food intake for which a strong need for nutritional assistance and hydration is desired. The health of cancer individuals undergoing chemotherapy or bone marrow transplant is negatively affected by poor oral health and reduced dentition status. The impact of a deficient oral condition is not clearly understood to date, possibly due to the limited number of studies and a lack of widely accepted clinical trials to prevent cachexia. The masticatory function of such patients is drastically affected thus contributing to the decreased nutritional status causing wasting of tissues. The aim of this article is to provide substantial evidence that poor oral hygiene with an altered dentition status negatively influences the energy balance of oral cancer patients who experience wasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepthi Darwin
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, AB Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Renita Lorina Castelino
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, AB Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Gogineni Subhas Babu
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, AB Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Mohamed Faizal Asan
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, AB Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Anand Shankar Sarkar
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, AB Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Soundarya Shaktivel
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, AB Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
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Kim J, Lee M, Baldwin-Hunter B, Solfisburg QS, Lightdale CJ, Korem T, Hur C, Abrams JA. Minimal Associations between Short-Term Dietary Intake and Salivary Microbiome Composition. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9081739. [PMID: 34442819 PMCID: PMC8401849 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9081739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Increasing evidence points to the esophageal microbiome as an important co-factor in esophageal neoplasia. Esophageal microbiome composition is strongly influenced by the oral microbiome. Salivary microbiome assessment has emerged as a potential non-invasive tool to identify patients at risk for esophageal cancer, but key host and environmental factors that may affect the salivary microbiome have not been well-defined. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of short-term dietary intake on salivary microbiome composition. Methods: Saliva samples were collected from 69 subjects prior to upper endoscopy who completed the Automated Self-Administered 24-Hour (ASA24) Dietary Assessment. Salivary microbiome composition was determined using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Results: There was no significant correlation between alpha diversity and primary measures of short-term dietary intake (total daily calories, fat, fiber, fruit/vegetables, red meat intake, and fasting time). There was no evidence of clustering on beta diversity analyses. Very few taxonomic alterations were found for short-term dietary intake; an increased relative abundance of Neisseria oralis and Lautropia sp. was associated with high fruit and vegetable intake, and an increased relative abundance of a taxon in the family Gemellaceae was associated with increased red meat intake. Conclusions: Short-term dietary intake was associated with only minimal salivary microbiome alterations and does not appear to have a major impact on the potential use of the salivary microbiome as a biomarker for esophageal neoplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Kim
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; (J.K.); (B.B.-H.); (C.J.L.); (C.H.)
| | - Minyi Lee
- School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118, USA;
| | - Brittany Baldwin-Hunter
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; (J.K.); (B.B.-H.); (C.J.L.); (C.H.)
| | - Quinn S. Solfisburg
- Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA;
| | - Charles J. Lightdale
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; (J.K.); (B.B.-H.); (C.J.L.); (C.H.)
| | - Tal Korem
- Program for Mathematical Genomics, Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA;
| | - Chin Hur
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; (J.K.); (B.B.-H.); (C.J.L.); (C.H.)
| | - Julian A. Abrams
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; (J.K.); (B.B.-H.); (C.J.L.); (C.H.)
- Correspondence:
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De Martin A, Lütge M, Stanossek Y, Engetschwiler C, Cupovic J, Brown K, Demmer I, Broglie MA, Geuking MB, Jochum W, McCoy KD, Stoeckli SJ, Ludewig B. Distinct microbial communities colonize tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma. Oncoimmunology 2021; 10:1945202. [PMID: 34367729 PMCID: PMC8312615 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2021.1945202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma of the tonsil is one of the most frequent cancers of the oropharynx. The escalating rate of tonsil cancer during the last decades is associated with the increase of high risk-human papilloma virus (HR-HPV) infections. While the microbiome in oropharyngeal malignant diseases has been characterized to some extent, the microbial colonization of HR-HPV-associated tonsil cancer remains largely unknown. Using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, we have characterized the microbiome of human palatine tonsil crypts in patients suffering from HR-HPV-associated tonsil cancer in comparison to a control cohort of adult sleep apnea patients. We found an increased abundance of the phyla Firmicutes and Actinobacteria in tumor patients, whereas the abundance of Spirochetes and Synergistetes was significantly higher in the control cohort. Furthermore, the accumulation of several genera such as Veillonella, Streptococcus and Prevotella_7 in tonsillar crypts was associated with tonsil cancer. In contrast, Fusobacterium, Prevotella and Treponema_2 were enriched in sleep apnea patients. Machine learning-based bacterial species analysis indicated that a particular bacterial composition in tonsillar crypts is tumor-predictive. Species-specific PCR-based validation in extended patient cohorts confirmed that differential abundance of Filifactor alocis and Prevotella melaninogenica is a distinct trait of tonsil cancer. This study shows that tonsil cancer patients harbor a characteristic microbiome in the crypt environment that differs from the microbiome of sleep apnea patients on all phylogenetic levels. Moreover, our analysis indicates that profiling of microbial communities in distinct tonsillar niches provides microbiome-based avenues for the diagnosis of tonsil cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelina De Martin
- Institute of Immunobiology, Kantonsspital St.Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Mechthild Lütge
- Institute of Immunobiology, Kantonsspital St.Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Yves Stanossek
- Institute of Immunobiology, Kantonsspital St.Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Kantonsspital St.Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | | | - Jovana Cupovic
- Institute of Immunobiology, Kantonsspital St.Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Kirsty Brown
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Izadora Demmer
- Institute of Pathology, Kantonsspital Sankt Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Martina A Broglie
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Markus B Geuking
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Snyder Institute of Chronic Diseases; Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Wolfram Jochum
- Institute of Pathology, Kantonsspital Sankt Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Kathy D McCoy
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Sandro J Stoeckli
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Kantonsspital St.Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Burkhard Ludewig
- Institute of Immunobiology, Kantonsspital St.Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland.,Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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McClure JB, Anderson ML, Krakauer C, Blasi P, Bush T, Nelson J, Catz SL. Impact of a novel oral health promotion program on routine oral hygiene among socioeconomically disadvantaged smokers: results from a randomized semi-pragmatic trial. Transl Behav Med 2021; 10:469-477. [PMID: 30753662 PMCID: PMC7237541 DOI: 10.1093/tbm/ibz009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Smokers are at high risk of oral disease and report sub-optimal oral hygiene. Improving smokers’ oral hygiene could reduce their future disease risk. The purpose of this study is to assess the effects of a novel, multi-modal oral health promotion program (Oral Health 4 Life; OH4L) targeted to socioeconomically disadvantaged smokers and delivered through state-funded tobacco quitlines. Smokers (n = 718) were randomized to standard quitline care or standard care plus OH4L. OH4L recipients received a comprehensive behavioral intervention and were advised of the benefits of routine oral hygiene, encouraged to brush and floss daily (for better oral health and to manage cigarette cravings), and provided a toothbrush and floss. Participants were followed for 6 months to assess the intervention effects on routine oral hygiene (brushing and flossing) and changes in motivation and self-efficacy. Data were collected between 2015 and 2017. At 2-month follow-up, OH4L participants were more likely to meet the American Dental Association (ADA) recommendations for brushing twice daily (adjusted RR = 1.15 [1.04, 1.27], p = .006), flossing daily (adjusted RR = 1.20 [1.03, 1.39], p = .02), and for both brushing and flossing (adjusted RR = 1.33 [1.10, 1.61], p = .003). Daily flossing was more likely at 6-month follow-up (adjusted RR = 1.21 [1.04, 1.42], p = .02) among OH4L participants. The change in self-efficacy and motivation for daily flossing from baseline to 2 months was significantly greater among OH4L participants and mediated the intervention effect on flossing at 6 months. Integrating oral hygiene promotion with standard tobacco quitline services improved oral health self-care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer B McClure
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute (formerly, Group Health Research Institute), Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Melissa L Anderson
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute (formerly, Group Health Research Institute), Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Chloe Krakauer
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Paula Blasi
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute (formerly, Group Health Research Institute), Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Terry Bush
- Optum Center for Wellbeing Research, Optum, Eden Prairie, MN
| | - Jennifer Nelson
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute (formerly, Group Health Research Institute), Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sheryl L Catz
- Betty Irene Moore School of Nursing, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
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Su Mun L, Wye Lum S, Kong Yuiin Sze G, Hock Yoong C, Ching Yung K, Kah Lok L, Gopinath D. Association of Microbiome with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review of the Metagenomic Studies. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:7224. [PMID: 34299675 PMCID: PMC8306663 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18147224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The past decade has witnessed a surge in epidemiological studies that have explored the relationship between the oral microbiome and oral cancer. Owing to the diversity of the published data, a comprehensive systematic overview of the currently available evidence is critical. This review summarises the current evidence on the metagenomic studies on the oral microbiome in oral cancer. A systematic search was conducted in Medline and Embase databases to identify original studies examining the differences in the oral microbiome of oral cancer cases and controls. A total of twenty-six studies were identified that reported differences in microbial abundance between oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and controls. Although almost all the studies identified microbial dysbiosis to be associated with oral cancer, the detailed qualitative analysis did not reveal the presence/abundance of any individual bacteria or a consortium to be consistently enriched in OSCC samples across the studies. Interestingly, few studies reported a surge of periodontopathogenic taxa, especially Fusobacteria, whereas others demonstrated a depletion of commensal taxa Streptococci. Considerable heterogeneity could be identified in the parameters used for designing the studies as well as reporting the microbial data. If microbiome data needs to be translated in the future, to complement the clinical parameters for diagnosis and prognosis of oral cancer, further studies with the integration of clinical variables, adequate statistical power, reproducible methods, and models are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Su Mun
- School of Dentistry, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia; (L.S.M.); (S.W.L.); (G.K.Y.S.); (C.H.Y.); (K.C.Y.); (L.K.L.)
| | - See Wye Lum
- School of Dentistry, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia; (L.S.M.); (S.W.L.); (G.K.Y.S.); (C.H.Y.); (K.C.Y.); (L.K.L.)
| | - Genevieve Kong Yuiin Sze
- School of Dentistry, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia; (L.S.M.); (S.W.L.); (G.K.Y.S.); (C.H.Y.); (K.C.Y.); (L.K.L.)
| | - Cheong Hock Yoong
- School of Dentistry, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia; (L.S.M.); (S.W.L.); (G.K.Y.S.); (C.H.Y.); (K.C.Y.); (L.K.L.)
| | - Kwek Ching Yung
- School of Dentistry, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia; (L.S.M.); (S.W.L.); (G.K.Y.S.); (C.H.Y.); (K.C.Y.); (L.K.L.)
| | - Liong Kah Lok
- School of Dentistry, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia; (L.S.M.); (S.W.L.); (G.K.Y.S.); (C.H.Y.); (K.C.Y.); (L.K.L.)
| | - Divya Gopinath
- Oral Diagnosis and Surgical Sciences Division, School of Dentistry, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
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Mouradian W, Lee J, Wilentz J, Somerman M. A Perspective: Integrating Dental and Medical Research Improves Overall Health. FRONTIERS IN DENTAL MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fdmed.2021.699575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The past decade has seen marked increases in research findings identifying oral-systemic links. Yet, much of dental research remains poorly integrated with mainstream biomedical research. The historic separation of dentistry from medicine has led to siloed approaches in education, research and practice, ultimately depriving patients, providers, and policy makers of findings that could benefit overall health and well-being. These omissions amount to lost opportunities for risk assessment, diagnosis, early intervention and prevention of disease, increasing cost and contributing to a fragmented and inefficient healthcare delivery system. This perspective provides examples where fostering interprofessional research collaborations has advanced scientific understanding and yielded clinical benefits. In contrast are examples where failure to include dental research findings has limited progress and led to adverse health outcomes. The impetus to overcome the dental-medical research divide gains further urgency today in light of the coronavirus pandemic where contributions that dental research can make to understanding the pathophysiology of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and in diagnosing and preventing infection are described. Eliminating the research divide will require collaborative and trans-disciplinary research to ensure incorporation of dental research findings in broad areas of biomedical research. Enhanced communication, including interoperable dental/medical electronic health records and educational efforts will be needed so that the public, health care providers, researchers, professional schools, organizations, and policymakers can fully utilize oral health scientific information to meet the overall health needs of the public.
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Mughal MJ, Kwok HF. Multidimensional role of bacteria in cancer: Mechanisms insight, diagnostic, preventive and therapeutic potential. Semin Cancer Biol 2021; 86:1026-1044. [PMID: 34119644 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The active role of bacteria in oncogenesis has long been a topic of debate. Although, it was speculated to be a transmissible cause of cancer as early as the 16th-century, yet the idea about the direct involvement of bacteria in cancer development has only been explored in recent decades. More recently, several studies have uncovered the mechanisms behind the carcinogenic potential of bacteria which are inflammation, immune evasion, pro-carcinogenic metabolite production, DNA damage and genomic instability. On the other side, the recent development on the understanding of tumor microenvironment and technological advancements has turned this enemy into an ally. Studies using bacteria for cancer treatment and detection have shown noticeable effects. Therapeutic abilities of bioengineered live bacteria such as high specificity, selective cytotoxicity to cancer cells, responsiveness to external signals and control after ingestion have helped to overcome the challenges faced by conventional cancer therapies and highlighted the bacterial based therapy as an ideal approach for cancer treatment. In this review, we have made an effort to compile substantial evidence to support the multidimensional role of bacteria in cancer. We have discussed the multifaceted role of bacteria in cancer by highlighting the wide impact of bacteria on different cancer types, their mechanisms of actions in inducing carcinogenicity, followed by the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of bacteria in cancers. Moreover, we have also highlighted the existing gaps in the knowledge of the association between bacteria and cancer as well as the limitation and advantage of bacteria-based therapies in cancer. A better understanding of these multidimensional roles of bacteria in cancer can open up the new doorways to develop early detection strategies, prevent cancer, and develop therapeutic tactics to cure this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Jameel Mughal
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau
| | - Hang Fai Kwok
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau; MOE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau.
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44
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Chen Z, Guo Z, Lin H, Tian Y, Zhang P, Chen H, Wang Y, Shen Y. The feasibility of phage therapy for periodontitis. Future Microbiol 2021; 16:649-656. [PMID: 34098742 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2020-0161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis, a chronic progressive inflammation caused by plaque biofilm, is the main cause of tooth loss in adults. For certain refractory periodontitis cases, it is difficult to achieve a good curative effect using the existing periodontal treatment approaches, which may be due to periodontal pathogenic mechanism in the affected periodontal tissue that the host cannot resist and eliminate. Various pieces of evidence collectively revealed that most studies are focusing on phages in periodontal disease. Several studies have reported periodontitis treatment using phage therapy, highlighting its features including specificity, rapid propagation, and effectiveness on bacteriophage biofilms. In this study, we focus on these reports, aiming to lay the foundation for improved periodontal treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Chen
- Department of Periodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key laboratory of Basic & Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510182, China
| | - Zhimin Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Hongbing Lin
- Department of Periodontics, School and hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Jilin Province, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yue Tian
- Department of Periodontics, School and hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Jilin Province, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Peipei Zhang
- Department of Periodontics, School and hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Jilin Province, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Huishan Chen
- Department of Periodontics, School and hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Jilin Province, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yawei Wang
- Department of Periodontics, School and hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Jilin Province, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yuqin Shen
- Department of Periodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key laboratory of Basic & Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510182, China
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Abstract
Ecologists have long recognized the importance of spatial scale in understanding structure-function relationships among communities of organisms within their environment. Here, we review historical and contemporary studies of dental plaque community structure in the context of three distinct scales: the micro (1-10 µm), meso (10-100 µm) and macroscale (100 µm to ≥1 cm). Within this framework, we analyze the compositional nature of dental plaque at the macroscale, the molecular interactions of microbes at the microscale, and the emergent properties of dental plaque biofilms at the mesoscale. Throughout our analysis of dental plaque across spatial scales, we draw attention to disease and health-associated structure-function relationships and include a discussion of host immune involvement in the mesoscale structure of periodontal disease-associated biofilms. We end with a discussion of two filamentous organisms, Fusobacterium nucleatum and Corynebacterium matruchotii, and their relevant contributions in structuring dental plaque biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alex M. Valm
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York, USA
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Shridhar K, Aggarwal A, Rawal I, Gupta R, Masih S, Mehrotra R, Gillespie TW, Dhillon PK, Michaud DS, Prabhakaran D, Goodman M. Feasibility of investigating the association between bacterial pathogens and oral leukoplakia in low and middle income countries: A population-based pilot study in India. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0251017. [PMID: 33914825 PMCID: PMC8084244 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0251017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Certain oral bacterial pathogens may play a role in oral carcinogenesis. We assessed the feasibility of conducting a population-based study in India to examine the distributions and levels of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum and Prevotella intermedia in relation to oral leukoplakia (a potentially malignant disorder) and other participant characteristics. METHODS This exploratory case-control study was nested within a large urban Indian cohort and the data included 22 men and women with oral leukoplakia (cases) and 69 leukoplakia-free controls. Each participant provided a salivary rinse sample, and a subset of 34 participants (9 cases; 25 controls) also provided a gingival swab sample from keratinized gingival surface for quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). RESULTS Neither the distribution nor the levels of pathogens were associated with oral leukoplakia; however, individual pathogen levels were more strongly correlated with each other in cases compared to controls. Among controls, the median level of total pathogens was the highest (7.55×104 copies/ng DNA) among persons of low socioeconomic status. Salivary rinse provided better DNA concentration than gingival swab for qPCR analysis (mean concentration: 1.8 ng/μl vs. 0.2 ng/μl). CONCLUSIONS This study confirms the feasibility of population studies evaluating oral microbiome in low-resource settings and identifies promising leads for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krithiga Shridhar
- Centre for Chronic Conditions and Injuries, Public Health Foundation of India, Gurugram, India
- Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India
| | - Aastha Aggarwal
- Centre for Chronic Conditions and Injuries, Public Health Foundation of India, Gurugram, India
- Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India
| | - Ishita Rawal
- Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India
| | - Ruby Gupta
- Centre for Chronic Conditions and Injuries, Public Health Foundation of India, Gurugram, India
- Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India
| | - Shet Masih
- Molecular Diagnostics Research Laboratory, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ravi Mehrotra
- India Cancer Research Consortium, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
- Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Theresa W. Gillespie
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Preet K. Dhillon
- Centre for Chronic Conditions and Injuries, Public Health Foundation of India, Gurugram, India
- Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India
- Genentech Roche, California, United States of America
| | - Dominique S. Michaud
- Department of Public Health & Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Dorairaj Prabhakaran
- Centre for Chronic Conditions and Injuries, Public Health Foundation of India, Gurugram, India
- Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India
- Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Goodman
- Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
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47
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Granato DC, Neves LX, Trino LD, Carnielli CM, Lopes AFB, Yokoo S, Pauletti BA, Domingues RR, Sá JO, Persinoti G, Paixão DAA, Rivera C, de Sá Patroni FM, Tommazetto G, Santos-Silva AR, Lopes MA, de Castro G, Brandão TB, Prado-Ribeiro AC, Squina FM, Telles GP, Paes Leme AF. Meta-omics analysis indicates the saliva microbiome and its proteins associated with the prognosis of oral cancer patients. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2021; 1869:140659. [PMID: 33839314 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2021.140659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Saliva is a biofluid that maintains the health of oral tissues and the homeostasis of oral microbiota. Studies have demonstrated that Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients have different salivary microbiota than healthy individuals. However, the relationship between these microbial differences and clinicopathological outcomes is still far from conclusive. Herein, we investigate the capability of using metagenomic and metaproteomic saliva profiles to distinguish between Control (C), OSCC without active lesion (L0), and OSCC with active lesion (L1) patients. The results show that there are significantly distinct taxonomies and functional changes in L1 patients compared to C and L0 patients, suggesting compositional modulation of the oral microbiome, as the relative abundances of Centipeda, Veillonella, and Gemella suggested by metagenomics are correlated with tumor size, clinical stage, and active lesion. Metagenomics results also demonstrated that poor overall patient survival is associated with a higher relative abundance of Stenophotromonas, Staphylococcus, Centipeda, Selenomonas, Alloscordovia, and Acitenobacter. Finally, compositional and functional differences in the saliva content by metaproteomics analysis can distinguish healthy individuals from OSCC patients. In summary, our study suggests that oral microbiota and their protein abundance have potential diagnosis and prognosis value for oral cancer patients. Further studies are necessary to understand the role of uniquely detected metaproteins in the microbiota of healthy and OSCC patients as well as the crosstalk between saliva host proteins and the oral microbiome present in OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela C Granato
- Laboratório Nacional de Biociências, LNBio, CNPEM, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leandro X Neves
- Laboratório Nacional de Biociências, LNBio, CNPEM, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciana D Trino
- Laboratório Nacional de Biociências, LNBio, CNPEM, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Ariane F B Lopes
- Laboratório Nacional de Biociências, LNBio, CNPEM, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sami Yokoo
- Laboratório Nacional de Biociências, LNBio, CNPEM, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bianca A Pauletti
- Laboratório Nacional de Biociências, LNBio, CNPEM, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Romênia R Domingues
- Laboratório Nacional de Biociências, LNBio, CNPEM, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jamile O Sá
- Laboratório Nacional de Biociências, LNBio, CNPEM, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriella Persinoti
- Laboratório Nacional de Biorrenováveis, LNBr, CNPEM, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Douglas A A Paixão
- Laboratório Nacional de Biorrenováveis, LNBr, CNPEM, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - César Rivera
- Laboratório Nacional de Biociências, LNBio, CNPEM, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabio M de Sá Patroni
- Centro de Biologia Molecular e Engenharia Genética, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Geizecler Tommazetto
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering (BCE), Aarhus University, 82000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Alan R Santos-Silva
- Departamento de Diagnóstico Oral, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Márcio A Lopes
- Departamento de Diagnóstico Oral, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Gilberto de Castro
- Oncologia Clínica, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thaís B Brandão
- Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, Octavio Frias de Oliveira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Fabio M Squina
- Universidade de Sorocaba, Departamento de Processos Tecnológicos e Ambientais, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Guilherme P Telles
- Universidade de Campinas, Instituto de Computação, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriana F Paes Leme
- Laboratório Nacional de Biociências, LNBio, CNPEM, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Oliva M, Schneeberger PHH, Rey V, Cho M, Taylor R, Hansen AR, Taylor K, Hosni A, Bayley A, Hope AJ, Bratman SV, Ringash J, Singh S, Weinreb I, Perez-Ordoñez B, Chepeha D, Waldron J, Xu W, Guttman D, Siu LL, Coburn B, Spreafico A. Transitions in oral and gut microbiome of HPV+ oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma following definitive chemoradiotherapy (ROMA LA-OPSCC study). Br J Cancer 2021; 124:1543-1551. [PMID: 33750907 PMCID: PMC8076306 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-020-01253-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Oral and gut microbiomes have emerged as potential biomarkers in cancer. We characterised the oral and gut microbiomes in a prospective observational cohort of HPV+ oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) patients and evaluated the impact of chemoradiotherapy (CRT). Methods Saliva, oropharyngeal swabs over the tumour site and stool were collected at baseline and post-CRT. 16S RNA and shotgun metagenomic sequencing were used to generate taxonomic profiles, including relative abundance (RA), bacterial density, α-diversity and β-diversity. Results A total of 132 samples from 22 patients were analysed. Baseline saliva and swabs had similar taxonomic composition (R2 = 0.006; p = 0.827). Oropharyngeal swabs and stool taxonomic composition varied significantly by stage, with increased oral RA of Fusobacterium nucleatum observed in stage III disease (p < 0.05). CRT significantly reduced the species richness and increased the RA of gut-associated taxa in oropharyngeal swabs (p < 0.05), while it had no effect in stool samples. These findings remained significant when adjusted by stage, smoking status and antibiotic use. Conclusions Baseline oral and gut microbiomes differ by stage in this HPV+ cohort. CRT caused a shift towards a gut-like microbiome composition in oropharyngeal swabs. Stage-specific features and the transitions in oral microbiome might have prognostic and therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Oliva
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Medical Oncology, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pierre H H Schneeberger
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Departments of Medicine, Immunology and Laboratory of Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Victor Rey
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Departments of Medicine, Immunology and Laboratory of Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Matthew Cho
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Departments of Medicine, Immunology and Laboratory of Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Rachel Taylor
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Aaron R Hansen
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kirsty Taylor
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ali Hosni
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Andrew Bayley
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Andrew J Hope
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Scott V Bratman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jolie Ringash
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Simron Singh
- Department of Pathology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ilan Weinreb
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Bayardo Perez-Ordoñez
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Douglas Chepeha
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - John Waldron
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Biostatistics, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - David Guttman
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lillian L Siu
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Bryan Coburn
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Departments of Medicine, Immunology and Laboratory of Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anna Spreafico
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Huang K, Gao X, Wu L, Yan B, Wang Z, Zhang X, Peng L, Yu J, Sun G, Yang Y. Salivary Microbiota for Gastric Cancer Prediction: An Exploratory Study. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:640309. [PMID: 33777850 PMCID: PMC7988213 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.640309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
To characterize the salivary microbiota in patients at different progressive histological stages of gastric carcinogenesis and identify microbial markers for detecting gastric cancer, two hundred and ninety-three patients were grouped into superficial gastritis (SG; n = 101), atrophic gastritis (AG; n = 93), and gastric cancer (GC; n = 99) according to their histology. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to access the salivary microbiota profile. A random forest model was constructed to classify gastric histological types based on the salivary microbiota compositions. A distinct salivary microbiota was observed in patients with GC when comparing with SG and AG, which was featured by an enrichment of putative proinflammatory taxa including Corynebacterium and Streptococcus. Among the significantly decreased oral bacteria in GC patients including Haemophilus, Neisseria, Parvimonas, Peptostreptococcus, Porphyromonas, and Prevotella, Haemophilus, and Neisseria are known to reduce nitrite, which may consequently result in an accumulation of carcinogenic N-nitroso compounds. We found that GC can be distinguished accurately from patients with AG and SG (AUC = 0.91) by the random forest model based on the salivary microbiota profiles, and taxa belonging to unclassified Streptophyta and Streptococcus have potential as diagnostic biomarkers for GC. Remarkable changes in the salivary microbiota functions were also detected across three histological types, and the upregulation in the isoleucine and valine is in line with a higher level of these amino acids in the gastric tumor tissues that reported by other independent studies. Conclusively, bacteria in the oral cavity may contribute gastric cancer and become new diagnostic biomarkers for GC, but further evaluation against independent clinical cohorts is required. The potential mechanisms of salivary microbiota in participating the pathogenesis of GC may include an accumulation of proinflammatory bacteria and a decline in those reducing carcinogenic N-nitroso compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Civil Aviation General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xuefeng Gao
- Central Laboratory, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Hematological Malignancies, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lili Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Yan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Zikai Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomei Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Lihua Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Jiufei Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Civil Aviation General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Yunsheng Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
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Veigas F, Mahmoud YD, Merlo J, Rinflerch A, Rabinovich GA, Girotti MR. Immune Checkpoints Pathways in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13051018. [PMID: 33804419 PMCID: PMC7957692 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13051018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary During the last decades, scientific advances in immuno-oncology and a better understanding of tumors’ immune profile led to the development of novel immunotherapeutic strategies, especially immune checkpoint inhibitors. The blockade of PD-1 by monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) is the only immunotherapy based on immune checkpoint pathways approved for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. As only a small fraction of patients perceives clinical benefit, understanding the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways activated by the immune checkpoints and other tumor intrinsic features that modulate the immune infiltrate is crucial to better select patients for immunotherapy treatment and to develop novel therapeutic strategies. We here review the immune escape mechanisms of head and neck tumors, with a particular focus on the immune checkpoints, their role as therapeutic targets, and the predictive biomarkers of response to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy. We also summarize the ongoing clinical trials testing several combinations of immune checkpoint inhibitors with other therapeutic approaches to improve patient outcomes. Abstract Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a heterogeneous group of tumors usually diagnosed at an advanced stage and characterized by a poor prognosis. The main risk factors associated with its development include tobacco and alcohol consumption and Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infections. The immune system has a significant role in the oncogenesis and evolution of this cancer type. Notably, the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment triggers immune escape through several mechanisms. The improved understanding of the antitumor immune response in solid tumors and the role of the immune checkpoint molecules and other immune regulators have led to the development of novel therapeutic strategies that revolutionized the clinical management of HNSCC. However, the limited overall response rate to immunotherapy urges identifying predictive biomarkers of response and resistance to treatment. Here, we review the role of the immune system and immune checkpoint pathways in HNSCC, the most relevant clinical findings linked to immunotherapeutic strategies and predictive biomarkers of response and future treatment perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florencia Veigas
- Laboratorio de Inmuno Oncología Traslacional, Instituto of Biología y Medicina Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires C1428ADN, Argentina; (F.V.); (Y.D.M.); (J.M.)
| | - Yamil D. Mahmoud
- Laboratorio de Inmuno Oncología Traslacional, Instituto of Biología y Medicina Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires C1428ADN, Argentina; (F.V.); (Y.D.M.); (J.M.)
| | - Joaquin Merlo
- Laboratorio de Inmuno Oncología Traslacional, Instituto of Biología y Medicina Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires C1428ADN, Argentina; (F.V.); (Y.D.M.); (J.M.)
| | - Adriana Rinflerch
- Laboratorio GIGA, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales, Instituto de Biología Subtropical, Universidad Nacional de Misiones, CONICET, Posadas N3300NFK, Misiones, Argentina;
| | - Gabriel Adrian Rabinovich
- Laboratorio de Inmunopatología, Instituto of Biología y Medicina Experimental, CONICET, Buenos Aires C1428ADN, Argentina;
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
| | - María Romina Girotti
- Laboratorio de Inmuno Oncología Traslacional, Instituto of Biología y Medicina Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires C1428ADN, Argentina; (F.V.); (Y.D.M.); (J.M.)
- Correspondence:
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