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Sayeed K, Parameswaran S, Beucler MJ, Edsall LE, VonHandorf A, Crowther A, Donmez O, Hass M, Richards S, Forney C, Wright J, Leong MML, Murray-Nerger LA, Gewurz BE, Kaufman KM, Harley JB, Zhao B, Miller WE, Kottyan LC, Weirauch MT. Human cytomegalovirus infection coopts chromatin organization to diminish TEAD1 transcription factor activity. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.12.588762. [PMID: 38645179 PMCID: PMC11030363 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.12.588762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infects up to 80% of the world's population. Here, we show that HCMV infection leads to widespread changes in human chromatin accessibility and chromatin looping, with hundreds of thousands of genomic regions affected 48 hours after infection. Integrative analyses reveal HCMV-induced perturbation of Hippo signaling through drastic reduction of TEAD1 transcription factor activity. We confirm extensive concordant loss of TEAD1 binding, active H3K27ac histone marks, and chromatin looping interactions upon infection. Our data position TEAD1 at the top of a hierarchy involving multiple altered important developmental pathways. HCMV infection reduces TEAD1 activity through four distinct mechanisms: closing of TEAD1-bound chromatin, reduction of YAP1 and phosphorylated YAP1 levels, reduction of TEAD1 transcript and protein levels, and alteration of TEAD1 exon-6 usage. Altered TEAD1-based mechanisms are highly enriched at genetic risk loci associated with eye and ear development, providing mechanistic insight into HCMV's established roles in these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khund Sayeed
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Sreeja Parameswaran
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Matthew J. Beucler
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry & Microbiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Lee E. Edsall
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Andrew VonHandorf
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Audrey Crowther
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
- Immunology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Omer Donmez
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Matthew Hass
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Scott Richards
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Carmy Forney
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Jay Wright
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry & Microbiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Merrin Man Long Leong
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Laura A. Murray-Nerger
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Program in Virology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Center for Integrated Solutions to Infectious Diseases, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Ben E. Gewurz
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Kenneth M. Kaufman
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
- Research Service, Cincinnati VA Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - John B. Harley
- Research Service, Cincinnati VA Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Bo Zhao
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - William E. Miller
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry & Microbiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Leah C. Kottyan
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Matthew T. Weirauch
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
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Loo Y, Chan ASY, Khor CC, Aung T, Wang Z. Rodent genetically modified models of glaucoma. Mol Aspects Med 2024; 95:101229. [PMID: 38039744 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2023.101229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Glaucoma, one of the leading causes of irreversible blindness worldwide, is a complex and heterogenous disease. While environmental factors are important, it is well-recognized that the disease has a strong heritable component. With the advent of large-cohort genome wide association studies, a myriad of genetic risk loci has been linked to different forms of glaucoma. Animal models have been an indispensable tool in characterizing these loci, especially if they lie within coding regions in the genome. Not only do these models connect genotype to phenotype, advancing our understanding of glaucoma pathogenesis in the process, they also have valuable utility as a platform for the pre-clinical testing of potential therapies. In this review, we will outline genetic models used for studying the major forms of glaucoma, including primary open angle glaucoma, normal tension glaucoma, primary angle closure glaucoma, pigmentary glaucoma, pseudoexfoliation glaucoma, and early onset glaucoma, including congenital and developmental glaucoma, and how studying these models have helped shed light on human glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhua Loo
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore; Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore
| | - Anita Sook Yee Chan
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore; Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore
| | - Chiea Chuen Khor
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore; Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore; Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore
| | - Tin Aung
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore; Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore
| | - Zhenxun Wang
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore; Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore; Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore.
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3
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Verma SS, Gudiseva HV, Chavali VRM, Salowe RJ, Bradford Y, Guare L, Lucas A, Collins DW, Vrathasha V, Nair RM, Rathi S, Zhao B, He J, Lee R, Zenebe-Gete S, Bowman AS, McHugh CP, Zody MC, Pistilli M, Khachatryan N, Daniel E, Murphy W, Henderer J, Kinzy TG, Iyengar SK, Peachey NS, Taylor KD, Guo X, Chen YDI, Zangwill L, Girkin C, Ayyagari R, Liebmann J, Chuka-Okosa CM, Williams SE, Akafo S, Budenz DL, Olawoye OO, Ramsay M, Ashaye A, Akpa OM, Aung T, Wiggs JL, Ross AG, Cui QN, Addis V, Lehman A, Miller-Ellis E, Sankar PS, Williams SM, Ying GS, Cooke Bailey J, Rotter JI, Weinreb R, Khor CC, Hauser MA, Ritchie MD, O'Brien JM. A multi-cohort genome-wide association study in African ancestry individuals reveals risk loci for primary open-angle glaucoma. Cell 2024; 187:464-480.e10. [PMID: 38242088 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide, disproportionately affects individuals of African ancestry. We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for POAG in 11,275 individuals of African ancestry (6,003 cases; 5,272 controls). We detected 46 risk loci associated with POAG at genome-wide significance. Replication and post-GWAS analyses, including functionally informed fine-mapping, multiple trait co-localization, and in silico validation, implicated two previously undescribed variants (rs1666698 mapping to DBF4P2; rs34957764 mapping to ROCK1P1) and one previously associated variant (rs11824032 mapping to ARHGEF12) as likely causal. For individuals of African ancestry, a polygenic risk score (PRS) for POAG from our mega-analysis (African ancestry individuals) outperformed a PRS from summary statistics of a much larger GWAS derived from European ancestry individuals. This study quantifies the genetic architecture similarities and differences between African and non-African ancestry populations for this blinding disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shefali S Verma
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Harini V Gudiseva
- Scheie Eye Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Venkata R M Chavali
- Scheie Eye Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rebecca J Salowe
- Scheie Eye Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yuki Bradford
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lindsay Guare
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Anastasia Lucas
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David W Collins
- Scheie Eye Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Vrathasha Vrathasha
- Scheie Eye Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rohini M Nair
- Scheie Eye Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sonika Rathi
- Scheie Eye Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Bingxin Zhao
- Department of Statistics and Data Science, The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jie He
- Scheie Eye Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Roy Lee
- Scheie Eye Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Selam Zenebe-Gete
- Scheie Eye Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Anita S Bowman
- Scheie Eye Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | | | - Maxwell Pistilli
- Scheie Eye Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Naira Khachatryan
- Scheie Eye Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ebenezer Daniel
- Scheie Eye Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Jeffrey Henderer
- Department of Ophthalmology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Tyler G Kinzy
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Institute for Computational Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA; Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Sudha K Iyengar
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Institute for Computational Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA; Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Neal S Peachey
- Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA; Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Kent D Taylor
- Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Yii-Der Ida Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Linda Zangwill
- Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology, Shiley Eye Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Christopher Girkin
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Radha Ayyagari
- Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology, Shiley Eye Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jeffrey Liebmann
- Department of Ophthalmology, Columbia University Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Susan E Williams
- Division of Ophthalmology, Department of Neurosciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Stephen Akafo
- Unit of Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana
| | - Donald L Budenz
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | - Michele Ramsay
- Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Adeyinka Ashaye
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Onoja M Akpa
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Tin Aung
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Janey L Wiggs
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ahmara G Ross
- Scheie Eye Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Qi N Cui
- Scheie Eye Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Victoria Addis
- Scheie Eye Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Amanda Lehman
- Scheie Eye Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Eydie Miller-Ellis
- Scheie Eye Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Prithvi S Sankar
- Scheie Eye Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Scott M Williams
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Gui-Shuang Ying
- Scheie Eye Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jessica Cooke Bailey
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Institute for Computational Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA; Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Health Disparities, Brody School of Medicine. East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, 27834, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Robert Weinreb
- Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology, Shiley Eye Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Marylyn D Ritchie
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Joan M O'Brien
- Scheie Eye Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. joan.o'
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4
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He W, Han X, Ong JS, Wu Y, Hewitt AW, Mackey DA, Gharahkhani P, MacGregor S. Genome-Wide Meta-analysis Identifies Risk Loci and Improves Disease Prediction of Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Ophthalmology 2024; 131:16-29. [PMID: 37634759 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2023.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify age-related macular degeneration (AMD) risk loci and to establish a polygenic prediction model. DESIGN Genome-wide association study (GWAS) and polygenic risk score (PRS) construction. PARTICIPANTS We included 64 885 European patients with AMD and 568 740 control participants (with overlapped samples) in the UK Biobank, Genetic Epidemiology Research on Aging (GERA), International AMD Consortium, FinnGen, and published early AMD GWASs in meta-analyses, as well as 733 European patients with AMD and 20 487 control participants from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA) and non-Europeans from the UK Biobank and GERA for polygenic risk score validation. METHODS A multitrait meta-analysis of GWASs comprised 64 885 patients with AMD and 568 740 control participants; the multitrait approach accounted for sample overlap. We constructed a PRS for AMD based on both previously reported as well as unreported AMD loci. We applied the PRS to nonoverlapping data from the CLSA. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES We identified several single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with AMD and established a PRS for AMD risk prediction. RESULTS We identified 63 AMD risk loci alongside the well-established AMD loci CFH and ARMS2, including 9 loci that were not reported in previous GWASs, some of which previously were linked to other eye diseases such as glaucoma (e.g., HIC1). We applied our PRS to nonoverlapping data from the CLSA. A new PRS was constructed using the PRS method, PRS-CS, and significantly improved the prediction accuracy of AMD risk compared with PRSs from previously published datasets. We further showed that even people who carry all the well-known AMD risk alleles at CFH and ARMS2 vary considerably in their AMD risk (ranging from close to 0 in individuals with low PRS to > 50% in individuals with high PRS). Although our PRS was derived in individuals of European ancestry, the PRS shows potential for predicting risk in people of East Asian, South Asian, and Latino ancestry. CONCLUSIONS Our findings improve the knowledge of the genetic architecture of AMD and help achieve better accuracy in AMD prediction. FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE(S) Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixiong He
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Xikun Han
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jue-Sheng Ong
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Yeda Wu
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Alex W Hewitt
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Victorian, Australia; School of Medicine, Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - David A Mackey
- Lions Eye Institute, Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Puya Gharahkhani
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Stuart MacGregor
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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5
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Zhang D, Sun N, Guo C, Lee JH, Zhang J, Zhao Z, Yu X, Han Y, Ge J, Fan Z. Psychological stress induces moderate pathology in the ganglion cell layer in mice. Mol Vis 2022; 28:451-459. [PMID: 36605831 PMCID: PMC9784625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is a condition with unclear pathogenesis. Researchers have observed an increased incidence of young Chinese POAG patients who manifest significant psychological stress while their intraocular pressure (IOP) is normal or close to normal; we hypothesize that psychological stress may play a causal role in initiating POAG. Methods Twenty-four male C57BL/6 mice were included and divided randomly into two groups. A chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) mouse model was established to evaluate the effect of psychological stress on glaucoma-related retinal pathologies. Body weight and IOP were recorded weekly. At 5 weeks after the CUMS procedure, a behavior test, serum corticosterone level, retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, retinal ganglion cell (RGC) number and neurotrophic factor expression were evaluated and compared between the CUMS group and the control group. Results CUMS exposure induced depression-like behaviors, lighter body weight, and increased serum corticosterone levels in mice. RNFL thinning and neural cell loss in the ganglion cell layer (GCL) were observed in CUMS mice without significant IOP elevation. Decreased mRNA expression and protein levels of neurotropic factors in retinas of CUMS mice were observed, especially brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Conclusions The CUMS mouse model demonstrated that psychological stress induced glaucoma-like changes in the retinas of CUMS mice. The mechanism by which psychological stress induces retina defects may be due to a reduced expression of retinal neurotropic factors. Thus, we conclude that psychological stress is causally associated with POAG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Nannan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Congcong Guo
- Jiaojiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun Hui Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, UCSF Medical Center, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
| | - Jiamin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenni Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaowei Yu
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, UCSF Medical Center, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
| | - Jian Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhigang Fan
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing, China
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6
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Mabuchi F, Mabuchi N, Sakurada Y, Yoneyama S, Kashiwagi K, Yamagata Z, Takamoto M, Aihara M, Iwata T, Hashimoto K, Sato K, Shiga Y, Nakazawa T, Akiyama M, Kawase K, Ozaki M, Araie M. Genetic variants associated with glaucomatous visual field loss in primary open-angle glaucoma. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20744. [PMID: 36456827 PMCID: PMC9715669 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24915-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is characterized by a progressive optic neuropathy with visual field loss. To investigate the genetic variants associated with visual field loss in POAG, Japanese POAG patients (n = 426) and control subjects (n = 246) were genotyped for 22 genetic variants predisposing to POAG that can be classified into those associated with intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation (IOP-related genetic variants) and optic nerve vulnerability independent of IOP (optic nerve-related genetic variants). The genetic risk score (GRS) of the 17 IOP-related and five optic nerve-related genetic variants was calculated, and the associations between the GRS and the mean deviation (MD) of automated static perimetry as an indicator of the severity of visual field loss and pattern standard deviation (PSD) as an indicator of the focal disturbance were evaluated. There was a significant association (Beta = - 0.51, P = 0.0012) between the IOP-related GRS and MD. The severity of visual field loss may depend on the magnitude of IOP elevation induced by additive effects of IOP-related genetic variants. A significant association (n = 135, Beta = 0.65, P = 0.0097) was found between the optic nerve-related, but not IOP-related, GRS and PSD. The optic nerve-related (optic nerve vulnerability) and IOP-related (IOP elevation) genetic variants may play an important role in the focal and diffuse visual field loss respectively. To our knowledge, this is the first report to show an association between additive effects of genetic variants predisposing to POAG and glaucomatous visual field loss, including severity and focal/diffuse disturbance of visual field loss, in POAG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumihiko Mabuchi
- grid.267500.60000 0001 0291 3581Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Nakako Mabuchi
- grid.267500.60000 0001 0291 3581Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Yoichi Sakurada
- grid.267500.60000 0001 0291 3581Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Seigo Yoneyama
- grid.267500.60000 0001 0291 3581Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Kenji Kashiwagi
- grid.267500.60000 0001 0291 3581Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Zentaro Yamagata
- grid.267500.60000 0001 0291 3581Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Mitsuko Takamoto
- grid.416704.00000 0000 8733 7415Department of Ophthalmology, Saitama Red Cross Hospital, Chuo-ku, Saitama, Japan
| | - Makoto Aihara
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Iwata
- grid.416239.bDivision of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Institute of Sensory Organs, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuki Hashimoto
- grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Department of Ophthalmology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi Japan
| | - Kota Sato
- grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Department of Ophthalmic Imaging and Information Analytics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi Japan
| | - Yukihiro Shiga
- grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Department of Ophthalmology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi Japan
| | - Toru Nakazawa
- grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Department of Ophthalmology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi Japan ,grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Department of Ophthalmic Imaging and Information Analytics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi Japan ,grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Collaborative Program for Ophthalmic Drug Discovery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi Japan
| | - Masato Akiyama
- grid.177174.30000 0001 2242 4849Department of Ocular Pathology and Imaging Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kazuhide Kawase
- Yasuma Eye Clinic, Nagoya, Aichi Japan ,grid.27476.300000 0001 0943 978XDepartment of Ophthalmology Protective Care for Sensory Disorders, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi Japan
| | | | - Makoto Araie
- grid.414990.10000 0004 1764 8305Kanto Central Hospital of the Mutual Aid Association of Public School Teachers, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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7
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Nealon CL, Halladay CW, Kinzy TG, Simpson P, Canania RL, Anthony SA, Roncone DP, Sawicki Rogers LR, Leber JN, Dougherty JM, Sullivan JM, Wu WC, Greenberg PB, Iyengar SK, Crawford DC, Peachey NS, Bailey JNC. Development and Evaluation of a Rules-based Algorithm for Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma in the VA Million Veteran Program. Ophthalmic Epidemiol 2022; 29:640-648. [PMID: 34822319 PMCID: PMC9583190 DOI: 10.1080/09286586.2021.1992784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The availability of electronic health record (EHR)-linked biobank data for research presents opportunities to better understand complex ocular diseases. Developing accurate computable phenotypes for ocular diseases for which gold standard diagnosis includes imaging remains inaccessible in most biobank-linked EHRs. The objective of this study was to develop and validate a computable phenotype to identify primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) through accessing the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Computerized Patient Record System (CPRS) and Million Veteran Program (MVP) biobank. Accessing CPRS clinical ophthalmology data from VA Medical Center Eye Clinic (VAMCEC) patients, we developed and iteratively refined POAG case and control algorithms based on clinical, prescription, and structured diagnosis data (ICD-CM codes). Refinement was performed via detailed chart review, initially at a single VAMCEC (n = 200) and validated at two additional VAMCECs (n = 100 each). Positive and negative predictive values (PPV, NPV) were computed as the proportion of CPRS patients correctly classified with POAG or without POAG, respectively, by the algorithms, validated by ophthalmologists and optometrists with access to gold-standard clinical diagnosis data. The final algorithms performed better than previously reported approaches in assuring the accuracy and reproducibility of POAG classification (PPV >83% and NPV >97%) with consistent performance in Black or African American and in White Veterans. Applied to the MVP to identify cases and controls, genetic analysis of a known POAG-associated locus further validated the algorithms. We conclude that ours is a viable approach to use combined EHR-genetic data to study patients with complex diseases that require imaging confirmation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tyler G. Kinzy
- VA Northeast Ohio Healthcare System, Cleveland, OH
- Cleveland Institute for Computational Biology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jenna N. Leber
- Ophthalmology Section, VA Western NY Health Care System, Buffalo NY
| | | | - Jack M. Sullivan
- Ophthalmology Section, VA Western NY Health Care System, Buffalo NY
| | - Wen-Chih Wu
- Cardiology Section, Medical Service, Providence VA Medical Center, Providence, RI
| | - Paul B. Greenberg
- Ophthalmology Section, Providence VA Medical Center, Providence, RI
- Division of Ophthalmology, Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Sudha K. Iyengar
- VA Northeast Ohio Healthcare System, Cleveland, OH
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH
| | - Dana C. Crawford
- VA Northeast Ohio Healthcare System, Cleveland, OH
- Cleveland Institute for Computational Biology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH
| | - Neal S. Peachey
- VA Northeast Ohio Healthcare System, Cleveland, OH
- Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH
- Department of Ophthalmology, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | - Jessica N. Cooke Bailey
- VA Northeast Ohio Healthcare System, Cleveland, OH
- Cleveland Institute for Computational Biology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH
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8
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Aboobakar IF, Wiggs JL. The genetics of glaucoma: Disease associations, personalised risk assessment and therapeutic opportunities-A review. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2022; 50:143-162. [PMID: 35037362 DOI: 10.1111/ceo.14035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Glaucoma refers to a heterogenous group of disorders characterised by progressive loss of retinal ganglion cells and associated visual field loss. Both early-onset and adult-onset forms of the disease have a strong genetic component. Here, we summarise the known genetic associations for various forms of glaucoma and the possible functional roles for these genes in disease pathogenesis. We also discuss efforts to translate genetic knowledge into clinical practice, including gene-based tests for disease diagnosis and risk-stratification as well as gene-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inas F Aboobakar
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Janey L Wiggs
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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9
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Kondkar AA, Sultan T, Alobaidan AS, Azad TA, Osman EA, Almobarak FA, Lobo GP, Al-Obeidan SA. Association analysis of variants rs35934224 in TXNRD2 and rs6478746 in LMX1B in primary angle-closure and pseudoexfoliation glaucoma. Eur J Ophthalmol 2021; 32:2249-2258. [PMID: 34461764 DOI: 10.1177/11206721211042547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous genome-wide studies have demonstrated significant pathogenic association between variants rs35934224 within TXNRD2 and rs6478746 near LMX1B in primary open-angle glaucoma. We investigated the association between these variants in primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) and pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PXG) patients of Saudi origin. METHODS In a case-control study, DNA samples from 249 controls (135 men and 114 women), 100 PACG cases (44 men and 56 women), and 95 PXG cases (61 men and 34 women) were genotyped by TaqMan® based real-time PCR. Statistical tests were performed to evaluate genetic association with glaucoma types and related clinical indices. RESULTS The allele frequencies of rs35934224 and rs6478746 did not show significant variation in PACG and PXG than controls, except that the rs35934224[T] allele was found to be significantly low among PXG women (0.10) as compared to controls (0.21) (odds ratio = 0.38, 95% confidence interval = 0.16-0.94, p = 0.024). Rs35934224 genotypes showed a nominal-to-borderline protective association with PACG and PXG among women in different genetic models. However, except for the over-dominant model in PACG (p = 0.0095), none of the effects survived Bonferroni's correction (p < 0.01). Rs6478746 showed no significant genotype or allelic association with PACG and PXG. Regression analysis showed no influence on disease outcome, and neither showed any correlation with intraocular pressure and cup/disk ratio in both PACG and PXG. CONCLUSIONS Variants rs35934224 in TXNRD2 and rs6478746 near LMX1B are not associated with PACG and PXG in the Saudi cohort, but rs35934224 may confer modest protection among women. Further population-based studies are needed to validate these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Altaf A Kondkar
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Glaucoma Research Chair in Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tahira Sultan
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah S Alobaidan
- King Abdulaziz University Hospital, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Taif A Azad
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Essam A Osman
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal A Almobarak
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Glaucoma Research Chair in Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Glenn P Lobo
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Saleh A Al-Obeidan
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Glaucoma Research Chair in Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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10
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Kondkar AA, Azad TA, Alobaidan AS, Sultan T, Osman EA, Almobarak FA, Lobo GP, Al-Obeidan SA. Lack of Association Between Polymorphisms in TXNRD2 and LMX1B and Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma in a Saudi Cohort. Front Genet 2021; 12:690780. [PMID: 34408771 PMCID: PMC8365832 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.690780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Recent studies have demonstrated an association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs35934224 in TXNRD2 and rs6478746 near LMX1B genes in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) among Europeans. We performed a retrospective, case-control study to investigate the association between the rs35934224 (TXNRD2) and rs6478746 (LMX1B) and POAG in a middle-eastern population from Saudi Arabia. Methods: DNA from 399 participants consisting of 150 POAG cases (83 males and 67 females) and 249 controls (135 males and 114 females) were genotyped using TaqMan® real-time PCR. Statistical tests were performed to evaluate genetic association with POAG and related clinical indices. Results: The minor allele frequency (MAF) of rs35934224[T] was 0.19 and 0.20 in POAG and controls, respectively. The difference was non-significant (odds ratio [OR] = 1.08, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.75-1.55, p = 0.663). Likewise, rs6478746[G] MAF was 0.12 in both cases and controls with no statistical significance (OR = 1.02, 95% CI = 0.67-1.56, p = 0.910). Genotype analysis showed no association with POAG for both the SNPs in combined and gender-stratified groups. Regression analysis showed no significant effect of risk factors such as age, sex, rs35934224, and rs6478746 genotypes on POAG outcome. Furthermore, both the SNPs showed no significant genotype effect on clinical indices such as intraocular pressure (IOP) and cup/disc ratio in POAG patients. Conclusions: Rs35934224 in TXNRD2 and rs6478746 near LMX1B genes are not associated with POAG or related clinical indices such as IOP and cup/disc ratio in a Saudi cohort. Since the study is limited by sample size further investigations are needed to confirm these results in a larger cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Altaf A Kondkar
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Glaucoma Research Chair in Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Taif A Azad
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Tahira Sultan
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Essam A Osman
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal A Almobarak
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Glaucoma Research Chair in Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Glenn P Lobo
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Saleh A Al-Obeidan
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Glaucoma Research Chair in Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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11
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Meer E, Qin VL, Gudiseva HV, McGeehan B, Salowe R, Pistilli M, He J, Daniel E, Ying GS, Chavali VRM, O’Brien JM. LMX1B Locus Associated with Low-Risk Baseline Glaucomatous Features in the POAAGG Study. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:1252. [PMID: 34440426 PMCID: PMC8394298 DOI: 10.3390/genes12081252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide and has been associated with multiple genetic risk factors. The LMX1B gene is a genetic susceptibility factor for POAG, and several single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were shown to be associated with POAG in our own prior Primary Open-Angle African American Glaucoma Genetics (POAAGG) study genome-wide association study (GWAS). This study evaluated the association of the LMX1B locus with baseline optic disc and clinical phenotypic characteristics of glaucoma patients from our African American cohort. Compared to the GG genotype in SNP rs187699205, the GC genotype in this SNP was found to be significantly associated with a smaller cup-to-disc ratio (CDR) and increased (better) visual field mean deviation (MD) in glaucoma cases. None of the glaucoma cases with the GC genotype had disc hemorrhages, disc notching, or beanpot disc appearance. In conclusion, glaucoma phenotypes differed significantly by LMX1B variant in African American patients with POAG, and a SNP variant was associated with certain disease features considered lower risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elana Meer
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
| | - Vivian L. Qin
- Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (V.L.Q.); (H.V.G.); (B.M.); (R.S.); (M.P.); (J.H.); (E.D.); (G.S.Y.); (V.R.M.C.)
| | - Harini V. Gudiseva
- Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (V.L.Q.); (H.V.G.); (B.M.); (R.S.); (M.P.); (J.H.); (E.D.); (G.S.Y.); (V.R.M.C.)
| | - Brendan McGeehan
- Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (V.L.Q.); (H.V.G.); (B.M.); (R.S.); (M.P.); (J.H.); (E.D.); (G.S.Y.); (V.R.M.C.)
| | - Rebecca Salowe
- Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (V.L.Q.); (H.V.G.); (B.M.); (R.S.); (M.P.); (J.H.); (E.D.); (G.S.Y.); (V.R.M.C.)
| | - Maxwell Pistilli
- Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (V.L.Q.); (H.V.G.); (B.M.); (R.S.); (M.P.); (J.H.); (E.D.); (G.S.Y.); (V.R.M.C.)
| | - Jie He
- Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (V.L.Q.); (H.V.G.); (B.M.); (R.S.); (M.P.); (J.H.); (E.D.); (G.S.Y.); (V.R.M.C.)
| | - Ebenezer Daniel
- Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (V.L.Q.); (H.V.G.); (B.M.); (R.S.); (M.P.); (J.H.); (E.D.); (G.S.Y.); (V.R.M.C.)
| | - Gui Shang Ying
- Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (V.L.Q.); (H.V.G.); (B.M.); (R.S.); (M.P.); (J.H.); (E.D.); (G.S.Y.); (V.R.M.C.)
| | - Venkata R. M. Chavali
- Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (V.L.Q.); (H.V.G.); (B.M.); (R.S.); (M.P.); (J.H.); (E.D.); (G.S.Y.); (V.R.M.C.)
| | - Joan M. O’Brien
- Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (V.L.Q.); (H.V.G.); (B.M.); (R.S.); (M.P.); (J.H.); (E.D.); (G.S.Y.); (V.R.M.C.)
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12
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A Comparison of Genomic Advances in Exfoliation Syndrome and Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma. CURRENT OPHTHALMOLOGY REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40135-021-00270-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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13
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Kosior-Jarecka E, Czop M, Gasińska K, Wróbel-Dudzińska D, Zalewski DP, Bogucka-Kocka A, Kocki J, Żarnowski T. MicroRNAs in the aqueous humor of patients with different types of glaucoma. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2021; 259:2337-2349. [PMID: 33929592 PMCID: PMC8352835 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-021-05214-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of the study was to compare the frequency and the level of expression of selected miRNAs in the aqueous humor of patients with various types of glaucoma. Methods The studied group consisted of 42 patients with glaucoma: 19 with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), 14 with pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PEXG), 9 with primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG), and the control group of 36 patients with senile cataract without glaucoma. The real-time polymerase chain reaction method was used to analyze the expression of miRNAs. Results There were no significant differences in the frequency and the level of miRNA expression between various types of glaucoma. There was a tendency for hsa-miR-6722-3p and hsa-miR-184 to be expressed more frequently in PEXG and hsa-miR-1260b in POAG. The expression levels of hsa-miR-1260b and hsa-miR-6515-3p were correlated with age in POAG. Target annotation and functional analyses showed that genes targeted by the most frequently expressed miRNAs (hsa-miR-1202, -1260b, -184, -187-5p, -6515-3p, -6722-3p, and hsa-mir-4634) are involved mainly in response to hypoxia, cardiovascular system development, and apoptosis. Conclusion Hsa-miR-1260b was the most abundantly expressed among studied miRNAs and may be a potential biomarker of clinical status in PEXG and PACG. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00417-021-05214-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Kosior-Jarecka
- Department of Diagnostics and Microsurgery of Glaucoma, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Chmielna 1, 20-079, Lublin, Poland
| | - Marcin Czop
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Radziwiłłowska 11, 20-080, Lublin, Poland
| | - Karolina Gasińska
- Department of Diagnostics and Microsurgery of Glaucoma, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Chmielna 1, 20-079, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Dominika Wróbel-Dudzińska
- Department of Diagnostics and Microsurgery of Glaucoma, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Chmielna 1, 20-079, Lublin, Poland
| | - Daniel P Zalewski
- Department of Biology and Genetics, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Chodźki 4a, 20-093, Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Bogucka-Kocka
- Department of Biology and Genetics, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Chodźki 4a, 20-093, Lublin, Poland
| | - Janusz Kocki
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Radziwiłłowska 11, 20-080, Lublin, Poland
| | - Tomasz Żarnowski
- Department of Diagnostics and Microsurgery of Glaucoma, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Chmielna 1, 20-079, Lublin, Poland
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14
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Gharahkhani P, Jorgenson E, Hysi P, Khawaja AP, Pendergrass S, Han X, Ong JS, Hewitt AW, Segrè AV, Rouhana JM, Hamel AR, Igo RP, Choquet H, Qassim A, Josyula NS, Cooke Bailey JN, Bonnemaijer PWM, Iglesias A, Siggs OM, Young TL, Vitart V, Thiadens AAHJ, Karjalainen J, Uebe S, Melles RB, Nair KS, Luben R, Simcoe M, Amersinghe N, Cree AJ, Hohn R, Poplawski A, Chen LJ, Rong SS, Aung T, Vithana EN, Tamiya G, Shiga Y, Yamamoto M, Nakazawa T, Currant H, Birney E, Wang X, Auton A, Lupton MK, Martin NG, Ashaye A, Olawoye O, Williams SE, Akafo S, Ramsay M, Hashimoto K, Kamatani Y, Akiyama M, Momozawa Y, Foster PJ, Khaw PT, Morgan JE, Strouthidis NG, Kraft P, Kang JH, Pang CP, Pasutto F, Mitchell P, Lotery AJ, Palotie A, van Duijn C, Haines JL, Hammond C, Pasquale LR, Klaver CCW, Hauser M, Khor CC, Mackey DA, Kubo M, Cheng CY, Craig JE, MacGregor S, Wiggs JL. Genome-wide meta-analysis identifies 127 open-angle glaucoma loci with consistent effect across ancestries. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1258. [PMID: 33627673 PMCID: PMC7904932 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20851-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), is a heritable common cause of blindness world-wide. To identify risk loci, we conduct a large multi-ethnic meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies on a total of 34,179 cases and 349,321 controls, identifying 44 previously unreported risk loci and confirming 83 loci that were previously known. The majority of loci have broadly consistent effects across European, Asian and African ancestries. Cross-ancestry data improve fine-mapping of causal variants for several loci. Integration of multiple lines of genetic evidence support the functional relevance of the identified POAG risk loci and highlight potential contributions of several genes to POAG pathogenesis, including SVEP1, RERE, VCAM1, ZNF638, CLIC5, SLC2A12, YAP1, MXRA5, and SMAD6. Several drug compounds targeting POAG risk genes may be potential glaucoma therapeutic candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puya Gharahkhani
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
| | - Eric Jorgenson
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC), Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Pirro Hysi
- Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Anthony P Khawaja
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sarah Pendergrass
- Geisinger Research, Biomedical and Translational Informatics Institute, Danville, PA, USA
| | - Xikun Han
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Jue Sheng Ong
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Alex W Hewitt
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ayellet V Segrè
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John M Rouhana
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew R Hamel
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Robert P Igo
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Helene Choquet
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC), Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Ayub Qassim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
| | - Navya S Josyula
- Geisinger Research, Biomedical and Translational Informatics Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Jessica N Cooke Bailey
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Cleveland Institute for Computational Biology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Pieter W M Bonnemaijer
- Depatment of Ophthalmology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- The Rotterdam Eye Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Adriana Iglesias
- Depatment of Ophthalmology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Owen M Siggs
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
| | - Terri L Young
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Veronique Vitart
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Alberta A H J Thiadens
- Depatment of Ophthalmology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Juha Karjalainen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Steffen Uebe
- Institute of Human Genetics, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität, Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - K Saidas Nair
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Robert Luben
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mark Simcoe
- Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Angela J Cree
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Rene Hohn
- Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Germany
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Alicia Poplawski
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Li Jia Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shi-Song Rong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tin Aung
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Certre, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Eranga Nishanthie Vithana
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Certre, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Gen Tamiya
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, 1-4-1 Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Shiga
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Masayuki Yamamoto
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Toru Nakazawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- Department of Retinal Disease Control, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- Department of Advanced Ophthalmic Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmic Imaging and Information Analytics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hannah Currant
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ewan Birney
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Xin Wang
- 23 and Me Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Adeyinka Ashaye
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Olusola Olawoye
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Susan E Williams
- Division of Ophthalmology, Department of Neurosciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Stephen Akafo
- Unit of Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana
| | - Michele Ramsay
- Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Kazuki Hashimoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Kamatani
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Laboratory of Complex Trait Genomics, Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masato Akiyama
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yukihide Momozawa
- Laboratory for Genotyping Development, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Paul J Foster
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital National Health Service Foundation Trust & UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Peng T Khaw
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital National Health Service Foundation Trust & UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
| | - James E Morgan
- Cardiff Centre for Vision Sciences, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Maindy Road, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Nicholas G Strouthidis
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital National Health Service Foundation Trust & UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Peter Kraft
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jae H Kang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chi Pui Pang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Francesca Pasutto
- Institute of Human Genetics, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität, Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Paul Mitchell
- Centre for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Andrew J Lotery
- University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Aarno Palotie
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Psychiatric & Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Cornelia van Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jonathan L Haines
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Cleveland Institute for Computational Biology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Chris Hammond
- Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Louis R Pasquale
- Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Caroline C W Klaver
- Depatment of Ophthalmology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Ophthalmology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Institute for Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michael Hauser
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chiea Chuen Khor
- Division of Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - David A Mackey
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Western Australia, Lions Eye Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Michiaki Kubo
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Ching-Yu Cheng
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Certre, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jamie E Craig
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
| | - Stuart MacGregor
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Janey L Wiggs
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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15
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Tolman NG, Balasubramanian R, Macalinao DG, Kearney AL, MacNicoll KH, Montgomery CL, de Vries WN, Jackson IJ, Cross SH, Kizhatil K, Nair KS, John SWM. Genetic background modifies vulnerability to glaucoma-related phenotypes in Lmx1b mutant mice. Dis Model Mech 2021; 14:dmm.046953. [PMID: 33462143 PMCID: PMC7903917 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.046953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Variants in the LIM homeobox transcription factor 1-beta (LMX1B) gene predispose individuals to elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), a key risk factor for glaucoma. However, the effect of LMX1B mutations varies widely between individuals. To better understand the mechanisms underlying LMX1B-related phenotypes and individual differences, we backcrossed the Lmx1bV265D (also known as Lmx1bIcst ) allele onto the C57BL/6J (B6), 129/Sj (129), C3A/BLiA-Pde6b+ /J (C3H) and DBA/2J-Gpnmb+ (D2-G) mouse strain backgrounds. Strain background had a significant effect on the onset and severity of ocular phenotypes in Lmx1bV265D/+ mutant mice. Mice of the B6 background were the most susceptible to developing abnormal IOP distribution, severe anterior segment developmental anomalies (including malformed eccentric pupils, iridocorneal strands and corneal abnormalities) and glaucomatous nerve damage. By contrast, Lmx1bV265D mice of the 129 background were the most resistant to developing anterior segment abnormalities, had less severe IOP elevation than B6 mutants at young ages and showed no detectable nerve damage. To identify genetic modifiers of susceptibility to Lmx1bV265D -induced glaucoma-associated phenotypes, we performed a mapping cross between mice of the B6 (susceptible) and 129 (resistant) backgrounds. We identified a modifier locus on Chromosome 18, with the 129 allele(s) substantially lessening severity of ocular phenotypes, as confirmed by congenic analysis. By demonstrating a clear effect of genetic background in modulating Lmx1b-induced phenotypes, providing a panel of strains with different phenotypic severities and identifying a modifier locus, this study lays a foundation for better understanding the roles of LMX1B in glaucoma with the goal of developing new treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas G. Tolman
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Columbia University Medical Center, and Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, New York, NY 10027, USA,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02115, USA,The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA
| | - Revathi Balasubramanian
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Columbia University Medical Center, and Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | | | | | | | - Christa L. Montgomery
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Columbia University Medical Center, and Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | | | - Ian J. Jackson
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Sally H. Cross
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | | | - K. Saidas Nair
- Departments of Ophthalmology and Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Simon W. M. John
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Columbia University Medical Center, and Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, New York, NY 10027, USA,The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA,Author for correspondence ()
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16
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Canut MI, Villa O, Kudsieh B, Mattlin H, Banchs I, González JR, Armengol L, Casaroli-Marano RP. MLIP genotype as a predictor of pharmacological response in primary open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1583. [PMID: 33452295 PMCID: PMC7810753 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80954-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Predicting the therapeutic response to ocular hypotensive drugs is crucial for the clinical treatment and management of glaucoma. Our aim was to identify a possible genetic contribution to the response to current pharmacological treatments of choice in a white Mediterranean population with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) or ocular hypertension (OH). We conducted a prospective, controlled, randomized, partial crossover study that included 151 patients of both genders, aged 18 years and older, diagnosed with and requiring pharmacological treatment for POAG or OH in one or both eyes. We sought to identify copy number variants (CNVs) associated with differences in pharmacological response, using a DNA pooling strategy of carefully phenotyped treatment responders and non-responders, treated for a minimum of 6 weeks with a beta-blocker (timolol maleate) and/or prostaglandin analog (latanoprost). Diurnal intraocular pressure reduction and comparative genome wide CNVs were analyzed. Our finding that copy number alleles of an intronic portion of the MLIP gene is a predictor of pharmacological response to beta blockers and prostaglandin analogs could be used as a biomarker to guide first-tier POAG and OH treatment. Our finding improves understanding of the genetic factors modulating pharmacological response in POAG and OH, and represents an important contribution to the establishment of a personalized approach to the treatment of glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- María I Canut
- Centro de Oftalmología Barraquer, Instituto Universitario Barraquer (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olaya Villa
- Quantitative Genomic Medicine Laboratories (qGenomics), Esplugues del Llobregat, Spain
| | | | - Heidi Mattlin
- Quantitative Genomic Medicine Laboratories (qGenomics), Esplugues del Llobregat, Spain
| | - Isabel Banchs
- Quantitative Genomic Medicine Laboratories (qGenomics), Esplugues del Llobregat, Spain
| | - Juan R González
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Epidemiologia Y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lluís Armengol
- Quantitative Genomic Medicine Laboratories (qGenomics), Esplugues del Llobregat, Spain.
| | - Ricardo P Casaroli-Marano
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine and Health Sciences and Hospital Clinic de Barcelona (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Calle Sabino de Arana 1 (2nd floor, Ophthalmology), 08028, Barcelona, Spain. .,Institute of Biomedical Research Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau, SGR1113) and Barcelona Tissue Bank (BST), Barcelona, Spain.
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17
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Chai X, Low KY, Tham YC, Chee ML, Thakur S, Zhang L, Tan NY, Khor CC, Aung T, Wong TY, Cheng CY. Association of Glaucoma Risk Genes with Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer in a Multi-ethnic Asian Population: The Singapore Epidemiology of Eye Diseases Study. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2021; 61:37. [PMID: 32821913 PMCID: PMC7445359 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.61.10.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Genome-wide association studies have identified several genes associated with glaucoma. However, their roles in the pathogenesis of glaucoma remain unclear, particularly their effects on retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between the identified glaucoma risk genes and RNFL thickness. Methods A total of 3843 participants (7,020 healthy eyes) were enrolled from the Singapore Epidemiology of Eye Diseases (SEED) study, a population-based study composing of three major ethnic groups—Malay, Indian, and Chinese—in Singapore. Ocular examinations were performed, and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) was used to measure circumpapillary RNFL thickness. We selected 35 independent glaucoma-associated genetic loci for analysis. An linear regression model was conducted to determine the association of these variants with circumpapillary RNFL, assuming an additive genetic model. We conducted association analysis in each of the three ethnic groups, followed by a meta-analysis of them. Results The mean age of the included participants was 59.4 ± 8.9 years, and the mean RFNL thickesss is 92.3 ± 11.2 µm. In the meta-analyses, of the 35 glacuoma loci, we found that only SIX6 was significantly associated with reduction in global RNFL thickness (rs33912345; β = −1.116 um per risk allele, P = 1.64E-05), and the effect size was larger in the inferior RNFL quadrant (β = −2.015 µm, P = 2.9E-6), and superior RNFL quadrant (β = −1.646 µm, P = 6.54E-5). The SIX6 association were consistently observed across all three ethnic groups. Other than RNFL, we also found several genetic varaints associated with vertical cuo-to-disc ratio (ATOH7, CDKN2B-AS1, and TGFBR3-CDC7), rim area (SIX6 and CDKN2B-AS1), and disc area (SIX6, ATOH7, and TGFBR3-CDC7). The association of SIX6 rs33912345 with NRFL thickness remained similar after further adjusting for disc area and 3 other disc parameter associated SNPs (ATOH7, CDKN2B-AS1, and TGFBR3-CDC7). Conclusions Of the 35 glaucoma identified risk loci, only SIX6 is significantly and independently associated with thinner RNFL. Our study further supports the involvement of SIX6 with RNFL thickness and pathogensis of glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoran Chai
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore.,Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center (BIOPIC), Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics (ICG), Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Kok Yao Low
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore.,Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Yih Chung Tham
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore
| | - Miao Li Chee
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore
| | - Sahil Thakur
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore
| | - Liang Zhang
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore
| | - Nicholas Y Tan
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore
| | - Chiea Chuen Khor
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore.,Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore.,Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - Tin Aung
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore.,Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Tien Yin Wong
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore.,Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Ching-Yu Cheng
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore.,Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
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18
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Moazzeni H, Khani M, Elahi E. Insights into the regulatory molecules involved in glaucoma pathogenesis. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART C-SEMINARS IN MEDICAL GENETICS 2020; 184:782-827. [PMID: 32935930 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.c.31833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Glaucoma is an important cause of irreversible blindness, characterized by optic nerve anomalies. Increased intraocular pressure (IOP) and aging are major risk factors. Retinal ganglion cells and trabecular meshwork cells are certainly involved in the etiology of glaucoma. Glaucoma is usually a complex disease, and various genes and functions may contribute to its etiology. Among these may be genes that encode regulatory molecules. In this review, regulatory molecules including 18 transcription factors (TFs), 195 microRNAs (miRNAs), 106 long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and two circular RNAs (circRNAs) that are reasonable candidates for having roles in glaucoma pathogenesis are described. The targets of the regulators are reported. Glaucoma-related features including apoptosis, stress responses, immune functions, ECM properties, IOP, and eye development are affected by the targeted genes. The targeted genes that are frequently targeted by multiple regulators most often affect apoptosis and the related features of cell death and cell survival. BCL2, CDKN1A, and TP53 are among the frequent targets of three types of glaucoma-relevant regulators, TFs, miRNAs, and lncRNAs. TP53 was itself identified as a glaucoma-relevant TF. Several of the glaucoma-relevant TFs are themselves among frequent targets of regulatory molecules, which is consistent with existence of a complex network involved in glaucoma pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamidreza Moazzeni
- School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marzieh Khani
- School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elahe Elahi
- School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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19
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Svinareva DI, Churnosov MI. [The role of metalloproteinases in the development of primary open-angle glaucoma]. Vestn Oftalmol 2020; 136:146-150. [PMID: 32779469 DOI: 10.17116/oftalma2020136041146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The article reviews literature on the role of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) in the development of eye pathologies, specifically primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). Regulation of the extracellular matrix is carried out by proteolytic enzymes - metalloproteinases in particular - as well as specific inhibitors of their activity (tissue metalloproteinases inhibitors). The review also reveals its involvement in the pathogenesis of various types of glaucoma, decrease in stability of the intraocular liquid outflow, proves the role of MMR in the ganglionic apoptosis, remodeling of the optic disk and change of lamina cribrosa in primary open-angle glaucoma. There is research devoted to studying the interrelations of MMP genes with POAG development. Associations of single nucleotide polymorphic loci of MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-9 genes with POAG are shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- D I Svinareva
- Belgorod State National Research University, Belgorod, Russia
| | - M I Churnosov
- Belgorod State National Research University, Belgorod, Russia
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20
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Genetic Variants Associated With the Onset and Progression of Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma. Am J Ophthalmol 2020; 215:135-140. [PMID: 32217119 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2020.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We sought to investigate the genetic variants associated with the onset and progression of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). DESIGN Case-control genetic association study. METHODS Japanese POAG patients (n = 505) and control subjects (n = 246) were genotyped for 22 genetic variants predisposing to POAG that can be classified into those associated with intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation (IOP-related genetic variants) and optic nerve vulnerability independent of IOP (non-IOP-related genetic variants). The total number of risk alleles of the 17 IOP-related and 5 non-IOP-related genetic variants were calculated as the genetic risk score (GRS), and the associations between the GRS and family history of glaucoma as an indicator of POAG onset and age at the diagnosis of glaucoma as an indicator of POAG progression were evaluated. RESULTS There was a significant association (P = .014; odds ratio 1.26 per GRS) between the non-IOP-related GRS, but not IOP-related GRS, and a family history of glaucoma in POAG. As the non-IOP-related GRS increased, the risk of a family history of glaucoma increased. In contrast, a significant association (P = .0014; β = -0.14) was found between the IOP-related GRS, but not non-IOP-related GRS, and age at the diagnosis of glaucoma. As the IOP-related GRS increased, age at the diagnosis of glaucoma decreased. CONCLUSION The results indicate that non-IOP-related (optic nerve vulnerability) rather than IOP-related (IOP elevation) genetic variants may play an important role in the onset of POAG (family history of glaucoma) and that IOP-related rather than non-IOP-related genetic variants may play an important role in its progression (age at the diagnosis of glaucoma).
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21
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Milind N, Preuss C, Haber A, Ananda G, Mukherjee S, John C, Shapley S, Logsdon BA, Crane PK, Carter GW. Transcriptomic stratification of late-onset Alzheimer's cases reveals novel genetic modifiers of disease pathology. PLoS Genet 2020; 16:e1008775. [PMID: 32492070 PMCID: PMC7295244 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Late-Onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) is a common, complex genetic disorder well-known for its heterogeneous pathology. The genetic heterogeneity underlying common, complex diseases poses a major challenge for targeted therapies and the identification of novel disease-associated variants. Case-control approaches are often limited to examining a specific outcome in a group of heterogenous patients with different clinical characteristics. Here, we developed a novel approach to define relevant transcriptomic endophenotypes and stratify decedents based on molecular profiles in three independent human LOAD cohorts. By integrating post-mortem brain gene co-expression data from 2114 human samples with LOAD, we developed a novel quantitative, composite phenotype that can better account for the heterogeneity in genetic architecture underlying the disease. We used iterative weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to reduce data dimensionality and to isolate gene sets that are highly co-expressed within disease subtypes and represent specific molecular pathways. We then performed single variant association testing using whole genome-sequencing data for the novel composite phenotype in order to identify genetic loci that contribute to disease heterogeneity. Distinct LOAD subtypes were identified for all three study cohorts (two in ROSMAP, three in Mayo Clinic, and two in Mount Sinai Brain Bank). Single variant association analysis identified a genome-wide significant variant in TMEM106B (p-value < 5×10-8, rs1990620G) in the ROSMAP cohort that confers protection from the inflammatory LOAD subtype. Taken together, our novel approach can be used to stratify LOAD into distinct molecular subtypes based on affected disease pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil Milind
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, United States of America
- Program in Genetics, Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Christoph Preuss
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, United States of America
| | - Annat Haber
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, United States of America
| | | | - Shubhabrata Mukherjee
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Cai John
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, United States of America
| | - Sarah Shapley
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, United States of America
- Program in Neuroscience, Department of Biology and Geology, Baldwin Wallace University, Berea, Ohio, United States of America
| | | | - Paul K. Crane
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
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22
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Genome-wide association meta-analysis of corneal curvature identifies novel loci and shared genetic influences across axial length and refractive error. Commun Biol 2020; 3:133. [PMID: 32193507 PMCID: PMC7081241 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-0802-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Corneal curvature, a highly heritable trait, is a key clinical endophenotype for myopia - a major cause of visual impairment and blindness in the world. Here we present a trans-ethnic meta-analysis of corneal curvature GWAS in 44,042 individuals of Caucasian and Asian with replication in 88,218 UK Biobank data. We identified 47 loci (of which 26 are novel), with population-specific signals as well as shared signals across ethnicities. Some identified variants showed precise scaling in corneal curvature and eye elongation (i.e. axial length) to maintain eyes in emmetropia (i.e. HDAC11/FBLN2 rs2630445, RBP3 rs11204213); others exhibited association with myopia with little pleiotropic effects on eye elongation. Implicated genes are involved in extracellular matrix organization, developmental process for body and eye, connective tissue cartilage and glycosylation protein activities. Our study provides insights into population-specific novel genes for corneal curvature, and their pleiotropic effect in regulating eye size or conferring susceptibility to myopia.
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23
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Bonnemaijer PWM, Leeuwen EMV, Iglesias AI, Gharahkhani P, Vitart V, Khawaja AP, Simcoe M, Höhn R, Cree AJ, Igo RP, Gerhold-Ay A, Nickels S, Wilson JF, Hayward C, Boutin TS, Polašek O, Aung T, Khor CC, Amin N, Lotery AJ, Wiggs JL, Cheng CY, Hysi PG, Hammond CJ, Thiadens AAHJ, MacGregor S, Klaver CCW, Duijn CMV. Multi-trait genome-wide association study identifies new loci associated with optic disc parameters. Commun Biol 2019; 2:435. [PMID: 31798171 PMCID: PMC6881308 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-019-0634-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A new avenue of mining published genome-wide association studies includes the joint analysis of related traits. The power of this approach depends on the genetic correlation of traits, which reflects the number of pleiotropic loci, i.e. genetic loci influencing multiple traits. Here, we applied new meta-analyses of optic nerve head (ONH) related traits implicated in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG); intraocular pressure and central corneal thickness using Haplotype reference consortium imputations. We performed a multi-trait analysis of ONH parameters cup area, disc area and vertical cup-disc ratio. We uncover new variants; rs11158547 in PPP1R36-PLEKHG3 and rs1028727 near SERPINE3 at genome-wide significance that replicate in independent Asian cohorts imputed to 1000 Genomes. At this point, validation of these variants in POAG cohorts is hampered by the high degree of heterogeneity. Our results show that multi-trait analysis is a valid approach to identify novel pleiotropic variants for ONH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pieter W. M. Bonnemaijer
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- The Rotterdam Eye Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth M. van Leeuwen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Adriana I. Iglesias
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Puya Gharahkhani
- Statistical Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Royal Brisbane Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Veronique Vitart
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Anthony P. Khawaja
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK
| | - Mark Simcoe
- Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - René Höhn
- Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Germany
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Angela J. Cree
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Rob P. Igo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Aslihan Gerhold-Ay
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Stefan Nickels
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - James F. Wilson
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Global Health Research, The Usher Institute for Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Caroline Hayward
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Thibaud S. Boutin
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ozren Polašek
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - Tin Aung
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chiea Chuen Khor
- Division of Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Najaf Amin
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andrew J. Lotery
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Janey L. Wiggs
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Ching-Yu Cheng
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Pirro G. Hysi
- Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College London, London, UK
| | | | - Alberta A. H. J. Thiadens
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stuart MacGregor
- Statistical Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Royal Brisbane Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Caroline C. W. Klaver
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Ophthalmology, Radboud Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Institute for Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Cornelia M. van Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Nuffield Department of Public Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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24
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Han X, Souzeau E, Ong JS, An J, Siggs OM, Burdon KP, Best S, Goldberg I, Healey PR, Graham SL, Ruddle JB, Mills RA, Landers J, Galanopoulos A, White AJR, Casson R, Mackey DA, Hewitt AW, Gharahkhani P, Craig JE, MacGregor S. Myocilin Gene Gln368Ter Variant Penetrance and Association With Glaucoma in Population-Based and Registry-Based Studies. JAMA Ophthalmol 2019; 137:28-35. [PMID: 30267046 DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2018.4477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Importance The p.Gln368Ter (rs74315329) risk allele in the myocilin gene (MYOC) was initially reported to have high penetrance in glaucoma registry-based studies, but much lower estimates were recently obtained from population-based studies. We investigated this disparity using data from Australia and the United Kingdom. Objectives To examine the penetrance and effect size of the MYOC p.Gln368Ter variant with glaucoma and ocular hypertension (OHT). Design, Setting, and Participants This cross-sectional study within the UK Biobank (UKBB) included participants of white British ancestry. Glaucoma cases were defined by International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD-9) and Tenth Revision (ICD-10) diagnoses and self-reported questionnaires. Carriers of the MYOC p.Gln368Ter variant were identified using genotype imputation from arrays. In contrast, 2 Australian registry-based studies, the Australian and New Zealand Registry of Advanced Glaucoma and the Glaucoma Inheritance Study in Tasmania, ascertained glaucoma cases referred by eye care clinicians, with historic control participants recruited from other Australian studies. Samples were either directly sequenced or had genotypes determined by imputation (for the Australian registry and historic control participants). Recruitment to the UKBB occurred between 2006 and 2010, and data analysis occurred from September 2017 to July 2018. Main Outcomes and Measures The penetrance and odds ratio (OR) were estimated for the MYOC p.Gln368Ter variants in participants with glaucoma and OHT. Results A total of 411 337 UKBB participants of white British ancestry (mean [SD] age, 56.6 [8.0] years) were included, plus 3071 Australian registry and 6750 historic control participants. In the UKBB, the minor allele frequency of the MYOC p.Gln368Ter variant was 1 in 786 individuals (0.13%). The odds ratio of p.Gln368Ter in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) was 6.76 (95% CI, 4.05-11.29); glaucoma (POAG, self-reported glaucoma, and unspecified glaucoma), 4.40 (95% CI, 3.38-5.71); OHT, 3.56 (95% CI, 2.53-4.92); and OHT and glaucoma combined, 4.18 (95% CI, 3.05-5.67). The penetrance of the MYOC p.Gln368Ter variant was 7.6% in patients with glaucoma, 24.3% in patients with OHT, and 30.8% in patients with OHT and glaucoma combined. In the Australian registry studies, the odds of MYOC p.Gln368Ter variant were 12.16 (95% CI, 6.34-24.97) in patients with advanced glaucoma and 3.97 (95% CI, 1.55-9.75) in those with nonadvanced glaucoma; the penetrance of glaucoma was 56.1%, and penetrance in those considered to have glaucoma or be glaucoma suspects was 69.5%. Conclusions and Relevance The MYOC p.Gln368Ter variant confers a very high-risk effect size for advanced glaucoma; the risk is lower in nonadvanced glaucoma and OHT. In the general population sample, approximately 50% of MYOC p.Gln368Ter carriers 65 years and older had glaucoma or OHT, with higher prevalence in the Australian registry studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xikun Han
- Statistical Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Emmanuelle Souzeau
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Jue-Sheng Ong
- Statistical Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jiyuan An
- Statistical Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Owen M Siggs
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Kathryn P Burdon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, Australia.,Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Stephen Best
- Eye Department, Greenlane Clinical Centre, Auckland District Health Board, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Ivan Goldberg
- Discipline of Ophthalmology, Sydney Eye Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Paul R Healey
- Discipline of Ophthalmology, Sydney Eye Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Centre for Vision Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Stuart L Graham
- Discipline of Ophthalmology, Sydney Eye Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Faculty of Medicine and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Australia
| | - Jonathan B Ruddle
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Ophthalmology, University of Melbourne, Department of Surgery, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Richard A Mills
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, Australia
| | - John Landers
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Anna Galanopoulos
- South Australian Institute of Ophthalmology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Andrew J R White
- Centre for Vision Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Robert Casson
- South Australian Institute of Ophthalmology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - David A Mackey
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia.,Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Lions Eye Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Alex W Hewitt
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia.,Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Puya Gharahkhani
- Statistical Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jamie E Craig
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Stuart MacGregor
- Statistical Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
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25
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Hauser MA, Allingham RR, Aung T, Van Der Heide CJ, Taylor KD, Rotter JI, Wang SHJ, Bonnemaijer PWM, Williams SE, Abdullahi SM, Abu-Amero KK, Anderson MG, Akafo S, Alhassan MB, Asimadu I, Ayyagari R, Bakayoko S, Nyamsi PB, Bowden DW, Bromley WC, Budenz DL, Carmichael TR, Challa P, Chen YDI, Chuka-Okosa CM, Cooke Bailey JN, Costa VP, Cruz DA, DuBiner H, Ervin JF, Feldman RM, Flamme-Wiese M, Gaasterland DE, Garnai SJ, Girkin CA, Guirou N, Guo X, Haines JL, Hammond CJ, Herndon L, Hoffmann TJ, Hulette CM, Hydara A, Igo RP, Jorgenson E, Kabwe J, Kilangalanga NJ, Kizor-Akaraiwe N, Kuchtey RW, Lamari H, Li Z, Liebmann JM, Liu Y, Loos RJF, Melo MB, Moroi SE, Msosa JM, Mullins RF, Nadkarni G, Napo A, Ng MCY, Nunes HF, Obeng-Nyarkoh E, Okeke A, Okeke S, Olaniyi O, Olawoye O, Oliveira MB, Pasquale LR, Perez-Grossmann RA, Pericak-Vance MA, Qin X, Ramsay M, Resnikoff S, Richards JE, Schimiti RB, Sim KS, Sponsel WE, Svidnicki PV, Thiadens AAHJ, Uche NJ, van Duijn CM, de Vasconcellos JPC, Wiggs JL, Zangwill LM, Risch N, Milea D, Ashaye A, Klaver CCW, Weinreb RN, Ashley Koch AE, Fingert JH, Khor CC. Association of Genetic Variants With Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma Among Individuals With African Ancestry. JAMA 2019; 322:1682-1691. [PMID: 31688885 PMCID: PMC6865235 DOI: 10.1001/jama.2019.16161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Importance Primary open-angle glaucoma presents with increased prevalence and a higher degree of clinical severity in populations of African ancestry compared with European or Asian ancestry. Despite this, individuals of African ancestry remain understudied in genomic research for blinding disorders. Objectives To perform a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of African ancestry populations and evaluate potential mechanisms of pathogenesis for loci associated with primary open-angle glaucoma. Design, Settings, and Participants A 2-stage GWAS with a discovery data set of 2320 individuals with primary open-angle glaucoma and 2121 control individuals without primary open-angle glaucoma. The validation stage included an additional 6937 affected individuals and 14 917 unaffected individuals using multicenter clinic- and population-based participant recruitment approaches. Study participants were recruited from Ghana, Nigeria, South Africa, the United States, Tanzania, Britain, Cameroon, Saudi Arabia, Brazil, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Morocco, Peru, and Mali from 2003 to 2018. Individuals with primary open-angle glaucoma had open iridocorneal angles and displayed glaucomatous optic neuropathy with visual field defects. Elevated intraocular pressure was not included in the case definition. Control individuals had no elevated intraocular pressure and no signs of glaucoma. Exposures Genetic variants associated with primary open-angle glaucoma. Main Outcomes and Measures Presence of primary open-angle glaucoma. Genome-wide significance was defined as P < 5 × 10-8 in the discovery stage and in the meta-analysis of combined discovery and validation data. Results A total of 2320 individuals with primary open-angle glaucoma (mean [interquartile range] age, 64.6 [56-74] years; 1055 [45.5%] women) and 2121 individuals without primary open-angle glaucoma (mean [interquartile range] age, 63.4 [55-71] years; 1025 [48.3%] women) were included in the discovery GWAS. The GWAS discovery meta-analysis demonstrated association of variants at amyloid-β A4 precursor protein-binding family B member 2 (APBB2; chromosome 4, rs59892895T>C) with primary open-angle glaucoma (odds ratio [OR], 1.32 [95% CI, 1.20-1.46]; P = 2 × 10-8). The association was validated in an analysis of an additional 6937 affected individuals and 14 917 unaffected individuals (OR, 1.15 [95% CI, 1.09-1.21]; P < .001). Each copy of the rs59892895*C risk allele was associated with increased risk of primary open-angle glaucoma when all data were included in a meta-analysis (OR, 1.19 [95% CI, 1.14-1.25]; P = 4 × 10-13). The rs59892895*C risk allele was present at appreciable frequency only in African ancestry populations. In contrast, the rs59892895*C risk allele had a frequency of less than 0.1% in individuals of European or Asian ancestry. Conclusions and Relevance In this genome-wide association study, variants at the APBB2 locus demonstrated differential association with primary open-angle glaucoma by ancestry. If validated in additional populations this finding may have implications for risk assessment and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Hauser
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Signapore
| | - R Rand Allingham
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Signapore
| | - Tin Aung
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Signapore
- Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Young Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore
| | - Carly J Van Der Heide
- Carver College of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City
| | - Kent D Taylor
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California
- Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center, Torrance
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California
| | - Shih-Hsiu J Wang
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Pieter W M Bonnemaijer
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Rotterdam Eye Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Susan E Williams
- Division of Ophthalmology, Department of Neurosciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | | | - Khaled K Abu-Amero
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Michael G Anderson
- Carver College of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City
| | - Stephen Akafo
- Unit of Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana
| | | | - Ifeoma Asimadu
- Department of Ophthalmology, ESUT Teaching Hospital Parklane, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - Radha Ayyagari
- Shiley Eye Institute, Hamilton Glaucoma Center, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Saydou Bakayoko
- Institut d'Ophtalmologie Tropicale de l'Afrique, Bamako, Mali
- Université des Sciences des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Prisca Biangoup Nyamsi
- Service Spécialisé d'ophtalmologie, Hôpital Militaire de Région No1 de Yaoundé, Yaoundé, Cameroun
| | - Donald W Bowden
- Center for Diabetes Research, Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | | | - Donald L Budenz
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Trevor R Carmichael
- Division of Ophthalmology, Department of Neurosciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Pratap Challa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Yii-Der Ida Chen
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California
- Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center, Torrance
| | | | - Jessica N Cooke Bailey
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
- Institute for Computational Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Vital Paulino Costa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Dianne A Cruz
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | - John F Ervin
- Kathleen Price Bryan Brain Bank and Biorepository, Department of Neurology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Robert M Feldman
- McGovern Medical School, Ruiz Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Science, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston
| | - Miles Flamme-Wiese
- Carver College of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City
| | | | - Sarah J Garnai
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Christopher A Girkin
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | - Nouhoum Guirou
- Institut d'Ophtalmologie Tropicale de l'Afrique, Bamako, Mali
- Université des Sciences des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California
| | - Jonathan L Haines
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
- Institute for Computational Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Christopher J Hammond
- Section of Academic Ophthalmology, School of Life Course Sciences, FoLSM, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Leon Herndon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Thomas J Hoffmann
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California at San Francisco
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California at San Francisco
| | | | - Abba Hydara
- Sheikh Zayed Regional Eye Care Centre, Kanifing, The Gambia
| | - Robert P Igo
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Eric Jorgenson
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland
| | - Joyce Kabwe
- Department of Ophthalmology, St Joseph Hospital, Kinshasa, Limete, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | | | - Nkiru Kizor-Akaraiwe
- Department of Ophthalmology, ESUT Teaching Hospital Parklane, Enugu, Nigeria
- The Eye Specialists Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - Rachel W Kuchtey
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Hasnaa Lamari
- Clinique Spécialisée en Ophtalmologie Mohammedia, Mohammedia, Morocco
| | - Zheng Li
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jeffrey M Liebmann
- Bernard and Shirlee Brown Glaucoma Research Laboratory, Harkness Eye Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Yutao Liu
- Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
- James & Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
- Center for Biotechnology & Genomic Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Monica B Melo
- Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Sayoko E Moroi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Joseph M Msosa
- Lions Sight-First Eye Hospital, Kamuzu Central Hospital, Lilongwe, Malawi
| | - Robert F Mullins
- Carver College of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City
| | - Girish Nadkarni
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Abdoulaye Napo
- Institut d'Ophtalmologie Tropicale de l'Afrique, Bamako, Mali
- Université des Sciences des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Maggie C Y Ng
- Center for Diabetes Research, Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Hugo Freire Nunes
- Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | - Anthony Okeke
- Nigerian Navy Reference Hospital, Ojo, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Suhanya Okeke
- Department of Ophthalmology, ESUT Teaching Hospital Parklane, Enugu, Nigeria
- The Eye Specialists Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria
| | | | - Olusola Olawoye
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Mariana Borges Oliveira
- Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Louise R Pasquale
- Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Margaret A Pericak-Vance
- John P Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Xue Qin
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Michele Ramsay
- Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Serge Resnikoff
- Brien Holden Vision Institute, Sydney, Australia
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Julia E Richards
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | | | | | - William E Sponsel
- San Antonio Eye Health, San Antonio, Texas
- Eyes of Africa, Child Legacy International (CLI) Hospital, Msundwe, Malawi
| | | | - Alberta A H J Thiadens
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Nkechinyere J Uche
- University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku Ozalla, Enugu, Nigeria
- The Eye Specialists Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - Cornelia M van Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Nuffield Department of Public Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Janey L Wiggs
- Harvard University Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear Hospital, Boston
| | - Linda M Zangwill
- Shiley Eye Institute, Hamilton Glaucoma Center, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Neil Risch
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California at San Francisco
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California at San Francisco
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland
| | - Dan Milea
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Signapore
- Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore
| | - Adeyinka Ashaye
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Caroline C W Klaver
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Ophthalmology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Robert N Weinreb
- Shiley Eye Institute, Hamilton Glaucoma Center, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
| | | | - John H Fingert
- Carver College of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City
| | - Chiea Chuen Khor
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore
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26
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Choquet H, Wiggs JL, Khawaja AP. Clinical implications of recent advances in primary open-angle glaucoma genetics. Eye (Lond) 2019; 34:29-39. [PMID: 31645673 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-019-0632-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last decade, genetic studies, including genome-wide association studies (GWAS), have accelerated the discovery of genes and genomic regions contributing to primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), a leading cause of irreversible vision loss. Here, we review the findings of genetic studies of POAG published in English prior to September 2019. In total, 74 genomic regions have been associated at a genome-wide level of significance with POAG susceptibility. Recent POAG GWAS provide not only insight into global and ethnic-specific genetic risk factors for POAG susceptibility across populations of diverse ancestry, but also important functional insights underlying biological mechanisms of glaucoma pathogenesis. In this review, we also summarize the genetic overlap between POAG, glaucoma endophenotypes, such as intraocular pressure and vertical cup-disc ratio (VCDR), and other eye disorders. We also discuss approaches recently developed to increase power for POAG locus discovery and to predict POAG risk. Finally, we discuss the recent development of POAG gene-based therapies and future strategies to treat glaucoma effectively. Understanding the genetic architecture of POAG is essential for an earlier diagnosis of this common eye disorder, predictive testing of at-risk patients, and design of gene-based targeted medical therapies none of which are currently available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Choquet
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC), Oakland, CA, 94612, USA.
| | - Janey L Wiggs
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anthony P Khawaja
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK
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27
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Han X, Qassim A, An J, Marshall H, Zhou T, Ong JS, Hassall MM, Hysi PG, Foster PJ, Khaw PT, Mackey DA, Gharahkhani P, Khawaja AP, Hewitt AW, Craig JE, MacGregor S. Genome-wide association analysis of 95 549 individuals identifies novel loci and genes influencing optic disc morphology. Hum Mol Genet 2019; 28:3680-3690. [DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddz193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Optic nerve head morphology is affected by several retinal diseases. We measured the vertical optic disc diameter (DD) of the UK Biobank (UKBB) cohort (N = 67 040) and performed the largest genome-wide association study (GWAS) of DD to date. We identified 81 loci (66 novel) for vertical DD. We then replicated the novel loci in International Glaucoma Genetic Consortium (IGGC, N = 22 504) and European Prospective Investigation into Cancer–Norfolk (N = 6005); in general the concordance in effect sizes was very high (correlation in effect size estimates 0.90): 44 of the 66 novel loci were significant at P < 0.05, with 19 remaining significant after Bonferroni correction. We identified another 26 novel loci in the meta-analysis of UKBB and IGGC data. Gene-based analyses identified an additional 57 genes. Human ocular tissue gene expression analysis showed that most of the identified genes are enriched in optic nerve head tissue. Some of the identified loci exhibited pleiotropic effects with vertical cup-to-disc ratio, intraocular pressure, glaucoma and myopia. These results can enhance our understanding of the genetics of optic disc morphology and shed light on the genetic findings for other ophthalmic disorders such as glaucoma and other optic nerve diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xikun Han
- Statistical Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Ayub Qassim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, Australia
| | - Jiyuan An
- Statistical Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Henry Marshall
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, Australia
| | - Tiger Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, Australia
| | - Jue-Sheng Ong
- Statistical Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Mark M Hassall
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, Australia
| | - Pirro G Hysi
- Department of Ophthalmology, King’s College London, St. Thomas’ Hospital, London, UK
| | - Paul J Foster
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK
| | - Peng T Khaw
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK
| | - David A Mackey
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Australia
- Lions Eye Institute, Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Puya Gharahkhani
- Statistical Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Anthony P Khawaja
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK
| | - Alex W Hewitt
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Australia
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jamie E Craig
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, Australia
| | - Stuart MacGregor
- Statistical Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
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28
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Sears NC, Boese EA, Miller MA, Fingert JH. Mendelian genes in primary open angle glaucoma. Exp Eye Res 2019; 186:107702. [PMID: 31238079 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2019.107702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in each of three genes, myocilin (MYOC), optineurin (OPTN), and TANK binding kinase 1 (TBK1), may cause primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) that is inherited as a Mendelian trait. MYOC mutations cause 3-4% of POAG cases with IOP >21 mmHg, while mutations in OPTN, TBK1, and MYOC each cause ∼1% of POAG with IOP ≤21 mmHg, i.e. normal tension glaucoma. Identification of these disease-causing genes has provided insights into glaucoma pathogenesis. Mutations in MYOC cause a cascade of abnormalities in the trabecular meshwork including intracellular retention of MYOC protein, decreased aqueous outflow, higher intraocular pressure, and glaucoma. Investigation of MYOC mutations demonstrated that abnormal retention of intracellular MYOC and stimulation of endoplasmic reticular (ER) stress may be important steps in the development of MYOC-associated glaucoma. Mutations in OPTN and TBK1 cause a dysregulation of autophagy which may directly cause retinal ganglion cell damage and normal tension glaucoma. Discovery of these Mendelian causes of glaucoma has also provided a new set of potential therapeutic targets that may ultimately lead to novel, gene-directed glaucoma treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan C Sears
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Erin A Boese
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Mathew A Miller
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - John H Fingert
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
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