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Kavaliauskas P, Gu Y, Hasin N, Graf KT, Alqarihi A, Shetty AC, McCracken C, Walsh TJ, Ibrahim AS, Bruno VM. Multiple roles for hypoxia inducible factor 1-alpha in airway epithelial cells during mucormycosis. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5282. [PMID: 38902255 PMCID: PMC11190229 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49637-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
During pulmonary mucormycosis, inhaled sporangiospores adhere to, germinate, and invade airway epithelial cells to establish infection. We provide evidence that HIF1α plays dual roles in airway epithelial cells during Mucorales infection. We observed an increase in HIF1α protein accumulation and increased expression of many known HIF1α-responsive genes during in vitro infection, indicating that HIF1α signaling is activated by Mucorales infection. Inhibition of HIF1α signaling led to a substantial decrease in the ability of R. delemar to invade cultured airway epithelial cells. Transcriptome analysis revealed that R. delemar infection induces the expression of many pro-inflammatory genes whose expression was significantly reduced by HIF1α inhibition. Importantly, pharmacological inhibition of HIF1α increased survival in a mouse model of pulmonary mucormycosis without reducing fungal burden. These results suggest that HIF1α plays two opposing roles during mucormycosis: one that facilitates the ability of Mucorales to invade the host cells and one that facilitates the ability of the host to mount an innate immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Povilas Kavaliauskas
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Yiyou Gu
- Division of Infectious Diseases, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA
| | - Naushaba Hasin
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Millipore Sigma, 9900 Blackwell Road, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Karen T Graf
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Abdullah Alqarihi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA
| | - Amol C Shetty
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Carrie McCracken
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Thomas J Walsh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Center for Innovative Therapeutics and Diagnostics, 6641 West Broad St., Room 100, Richmond, VA, 23220, USA
| | - Ashraf S Ibrahim
- Division of Infectious Diseases, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90502, USA
| | - Vincent M Bruno
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
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2
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Hendrix SV, Mreyoud Y, McNehlan ME, Smirnov A, Chavez SM, Hie B, Chamberland MM, Bradstreet TR, Webber AM, Kreamalmeyer D, Taneja R, Bryson BD, Edelson BT, Stallings CL. BHLHE40 Regulates Myeloid Cell Polarization through IL-10-Dependent and -Independent Mechanisms. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2024; 212:1766-1781. [PMID: 38683120 PMCID: PMC11105981 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Better understanding of the host responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections is required to prevent tuberculosis and develop new therapeutic interventions. The host transcription factor BHLHE40 is essential for controlling M. tuberculosis infection, in part by repressing Il10 expression, where excess IL-10 contributes to the early susceptibility of Bhlhe40-/- mice to M. tuberculosis infection. Deletion of Bhlhe40 in lung macrophages and dendritic cells is sufficient to increase the susceptibility of mice to M. tuberculosis infection, but how BHLHE40 impacts macrophage and dendritic cell responses to M. tuberculosis is unknown. In this study, we report that BHLHE40 is required in myeloid cells exposed to GM-CSF, an abundant cytokine in the lung, to promote the expression of genes associated with a proinflammatory state and better control of M. tuberculosis infection. Loss of Bhlhe40 expression in murine bone marrow-derived myeloid cells cultured in the presence of GM-CSF results in lower levels of proinflammatory associated signaling molecules IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12, TNF-α, inducible NO synthase, IL-2, KC, and RANTES, as well as higher levels of the anti-inflammatory-associated molecules MCP-1 and IL-10 following exposure to heat-killed M. tuberculosis. Deletion of Il10 in Bhlhe40-/- myeloid cells restored some, but not all, proinflammatory signals, demonstrating that BHLHE40 promotes proinflammatory responses via both IL-10-dependent and -independent mechanisms. In addition, we show that macrophages and neutrophils within the lungs of M. tuberculosis-infected Bhlhe40-/- mice exhibit defects in inducible NO synthase production compared with infected wild-type mice, supporting that BHLHE40 promotes proinflammatory responses in innate immune cells, which may contribute to the essential role for BHLHE40 during M. tuberculosis infection in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Skyler V. Hendrix
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Center for Women’s Infectious Disease Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Yassin Mreyoud
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Center for Women’s Infectious Disease Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Michael E. McNehlan
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Center for Women’s Infectious Disease Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Asya Smirnov
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Center for Women’s Infectious Disease Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Sthefany M. Chavez
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Center for Women’s Infectious Disease Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Brian Hie
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Megan M. Chamberland
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Center for Women’s Infectious Disease Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Tara R. Bradstreet
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Ashlee M. Webber
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Darren Kreamalmeyer
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Center for Women’s Infectious Disease Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Reshma Taneja
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Bryan D. Bryson
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Brian T. Edelson
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Christina L. Stallings
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Center for Women’s Infectious Disease Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
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3
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Becker A, Filipp M, Lantz C, Glinton K, Thorp EB. HIF-1α is Required to Differentiate the Neonatal Macrophage Secretome from Adults. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.24.591000. [PMID: 38712137 PMCID: PMC11071477 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.24.591000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
The immune response to stress diverges with age, with neonatal macrophages implicated in tissue regeneration versus tissue scarring and maladaptive inflammation in adults. Integral to the macrophage stress response is the recognition of hypoxia and pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), which are often coupled. The age-specific, cell-intrinsic nature of this stress response remains vague. To uncover age-defined divergences in macrophage crosstalk potential after exposure to hypoxia and PAMPs, we interrogated the secreted proteomes of neonatal versus adult macrophages via non-biased mass spectrometry. Through this approach, we newly identified age-specific signatures in the secretomes of neonatal versus adult macrophages in response to hypoxia and the prototypical PAMP, lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Neonatal macrophages polarized to an anti-inflammatory, regenerative phenotype protective against apoptosis and oxidative stress, dependent on hypoxia inducible transcription factor-1α ( HIF-1α). In contrast, adult macrophages adopted a pro-inflammatory, glycolytic phenotypic signature consistent with pathogen killing. Taken together, these data uncover fundamental age and HIF-1α dependent macrophage programs that may be targeted to calibrate the innate immune response during stress and inflammation.
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4
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Chaudhary R, Suhan T, Tarhuni MW, Abdel-Latif A. Lysophosphatidic Acid-Mediated Inflammation at the Heart of Heart Failure. Curr Cardiol Rep 2024; 26:113-120. [PMID: 38340272 DOI: 10.1007/s11886-024-02023-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The primary aim of this review is to provide an in-depth examination of the role bioactive lipids-namely lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and ceramides-play in inflammation-mediated cardiac remodeling during heart failure. With the global prevalence of heart failure on the rise, it is critical to understand the underlying molecular mechanisms contributing to its pathogenesis. Traditional studies have emphasized factors such as oxidative stress and neurohormonal activation, but emerging research has shed light on bioactive lipids as central mediators in heart failure pathology. By elucidating these intricacies, this review aims to: Bridge the gap between basic research and clinical practice by highlighting clinically relevant pathways contributing to the pathogenesis and prognosis of heart failure. Provide a foundation for the development of targeted therapies that could mitigate the effects of LPA and ceramides on heart failure. Serve as a comprehensive resource for clinicians and researchers interested in the molecular biology of heart failure, aiding in better diagnostic and therapeutic decisions. RECENT FINDINGS Recent findings have shed light on the central role of bioactive lipids, specifically lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and ceramides, in heart failure pathology. Traditional studies have emphasized factors such as hypoxia-mediated cardiomyocyte loss and neurohormonal activation in the development of heart failure. Emerging research has elucidated the intricacies of bioactive lipid-mediated inflammation in cardiac remodeling and the development of heart failure. Studies have shown that LPA and ceramides contribute to the pathogenesis of heart failure by promoting inflammation, fibrosis, and apoptosis in cardiac cells. Additionally, recent studies have identified potential targeted therapies that could mitigate the effects of bioactive lipids on heart failure, including LPA receptor antagonists and ceramide synthase inhibitors. These recent findings provide a promising avenue for the development of targeted therapies that could improve the diagnosis and treatment of heart failure. In this review, we highlight the pivotal role of inflammation induced by bioactive lipid signaling and its influence on the pathogenesis of heart failure. By critically assessing the existing literature, we provide a comprehensive resource for clinicians and researchers interested in the molecular mechanisms of heart failure. Our review aims to bridge the gap between basic research and clinical practice by providing actionable insights and a foundation for the development of targeted therapies that could mitigate the effects of bioactive lipids on heart failure. We hope that this review will aid in better diagnostic and therapeutic decisions, further advancing our collective understanding and management of heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Chaudhary
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
- Ann Arbor VA Healthcare System, 2215 Fuller Rd, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | - Tahra Suhan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
- Ann Arbor VA Healthcare System, 2215 Fuller Rd, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | - Mahmud W Tarhuni
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Ahmed Abdel-Latif
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA.
- Ann Arbor VA Healthcare System, 2215 Fuller Rd, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA.
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5
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Almeida L, Dhillon-LaBrooy A, Sparwasser T. The evolutionary tug-of-war of macrophage metabolism during bacterial infection. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2024; 35:235-248. [PMID: 38040578 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2023.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
The function and phenotype of macrophages are intimately linked with pathogen detection. On sensing pathogen-derived signals and molecules, macrophages undergo a carefully orchestrated process of polarization to acquire pathogen-clearing properties. This phenotypic change must be adequately supported by metabolic reprogramming that is now known to support the acquisition of effector function, but also generates secondary metabolites with direct microbicidal activity. At the same time, bacteria themselves have adapted to both manipulate and take advantage of macrophage-specific metabolic adaptations. Here, we summarize the current knowledge on macrophage metabolism during infection, with a particular focus on understanding the 'arms race' between host immune cells and bacteria during immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís Almeida
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Medical Center of Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz 55131, Germany.
| | - Ayesha Dhillon-LaBrooy
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Medical Center of Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz 55131, Germany
| | - Tim Sparwasser
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Medical Center of Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz 55131, Germany.
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6
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Ankley LM, Conner KN, Vielma TE, Godfrey JJ, Thapa M, Olive AJ. GSK3α/β Restrain IFN-γ-Inducible Costimulatory Molecule Expression in Alveolar Macrophages, Limiting CD4+ T Cell Activation. Immunohorizons 2024; 8:147-162. [PMID: 38345473 PMCID: PMC10916365 DOI: 10.4049/immunohorizons.2300107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Macrophages play a crucial role in eliminating respiratory pathogens. Both pulmonary resident alveolar macrophages (AMs) and recruited macrophages contribute to detecting, responding to, and resolving infections in the lungs. Despite their distinct functions, it remains unclear how these macrophage subsets regulate their responses to infection, including how activation by the cytokine IFN-γ is regulated. This shortcoming prevents the development of therapeutics that effectively target distinct lung macrophage populations without exacerbating inflammation. We aimed to better understand the transcriptional regulation of resting and IFN-γ-activated cells using a new ex vivo model of AMs from mice, fetal liver-derived alveolar-like macrophages (FLAMs), and immortalized bone marrow-derived macrophages. Our findings reveal that IFN-γ robustly activates both macrophage types; however, the profile of activated IFN-γ-stimulated genes varies greatly between these cell types. Notably, FLAMs show limited expression of costimulatory markers essential for T cell activation upon stimulation with only IFN-γ. To understand cell type-specific differences, we examined how the inhibition of the regulatory kinases GSK3α/β alters the IFN-γ response. GSK3α/β controlled distinct IFN-γ responses, and in AM-like cells, we found that GSK3α/β restrained the induction of type I IFN and TNF, thus preventing the robust expression of costimulatory molecules and limiting CD4+ T cell activation. Together, these data suggest that the capacity of AMs to respond to IFN-γ is restricted in a GSK3α/β-dependent manner and that IFN-γ responses differ across distinct macrophage populations. These findings lay the groundwork to identify new therapeutic targets that activate protective pulmonary responses without driving deleterious inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurisa M. Ankley
- Department of Microbiology, Genetics, and Immunology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
| | - Kayla N. Conner
- Department of Microbiology, Genetics, and Immunology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
| | - Taryn E. Vielma
- Department of Microbiology, Genetics, and Immunology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
| | - Jared J. Godfrey
- Department of Microbiology, Genetics, and Immunology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
| | - Mahima Thapa
- Department of Microbiology, Genetics, and Immunology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
| | - Andrew J. Olive
- Department of Microbiology, Genetics, and Immunology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
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7
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Flati I, Di Vito Nolfi M, Dall’Aglio F, Vecchiotti D, Verzella D, Alesse E, Capece D, Zazzeroni F. Molecular Mechanisms Underpinning Immunometabolic Reprogramming: How the Wind Changes during Cancer Progression. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1953. [PMID: 37895302 PMCID: PMC10606647 DOI: 10.3390/genes14101953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolism and the immunological state are intimately intertwined, as defense responses are bioenergetically expensive. Metabolic homeostasis is a key requirement for the proper function of immune cell subsets, and the perturbation of the immune-metabolic balance is a recurrent event in many human diseases, including cancer, due to nutrient fluctuation, hypoxia and additional metabolic changes occurring in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Although much remains to be understood in the field of immunometabolism, here, we report the current knowledge on both physiological and cancer-associated metabolic profiles of immune cells, and the main molecular circuits involved in their regulation, highlighting similarities and differences, and emphasizing immune metabolic liabilities that could be exploited in cancer therapy to overcome immune resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Daria Capece
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (DISCAB), University of L’Aquila, Via Vetoio, Coppito 2, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (I.F.); (M.D.V.N.); (F.D.); (D.V.); (D.V.); (E.A.); (F.Z.)
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8
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Modi N, Chen Y, Dong X, Hu X, Lau GW, Wilson KT, Peek RM, Chen LF. BRD4 Regulates Glycolysis-Dependent Nos2 Expression in Macrophages Upon H pylori Infection. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 17:292-308.e1. [PMID: 37820788 PMCID: PMC10829522 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2023.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Metabolic reprogramming is essential for the activation and functions of macrophages, including bacterial killing and cytokine production. Bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) has emerged as a critical regulator of innate immune response. However, the potential role of BRD4 in the metabolic reprogramming of macrophage activation upon Helicobacter pylori infection remains unclear. METHODS Bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) from wild-type (WT) and Brd4-myeloid deletion conditional knockout (Brd4-CKO) mice were infected with H pylori. RNA sequencing was performed to evaluate the differential gene expression between WT and Brd4-deficient BMDMs upon infection. An in vivo model of H pylori infection using WT and Brd4-CKO mice was used to confirm the role of BRD4 in innate immune response to infection. RESULTS Depletion of Brd4 in BMDMs showed impaired H pylori-induced glycolysis. In addition, H pylori-induced expression of glycolytic genes, including Slc2a1 and Hk2, was decreased in Brd4-deficient BMDMs. BRD4 was recruited to the promoters of Slc2a1 and Hk2 via hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, facilitating their expression. BRD4-mediated glycolysis stabilized H pylori-induced nitric oxide synthase (Nos2) messenger RNA to produce nitric oxide. The NO-mediated killing of H pylori decreased in Brd4-deficient BMDMs, which was rescued by pyruvate. Furthermore, Brd4-CKO mice infected with H pylori showed reduced gastric inflammation and increased H pylori colonization with reduced inducible NO synthase expression in gastric macrophages. CONCLUSIONS Our study identified BRD4 as a key regulator of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α-dependent glycolysis and macrophage activation. Furthermore, we show a novel regulatory role of BRD4 in innate immunity through glycolysis to stabilize Nos2 messenger RNA for NO production to eliminate H pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Modi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Liberal Arts & Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Yanheng Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Liberal Arts & Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Xingchen Dong
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Liberal Arts & Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Xiangming Hu
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Liberal Arts & Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Gee W Lau
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Keith T Wilson
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee; Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Richard M Peek
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Lin-Feng Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Liberal Arts & Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois; Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois.
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9
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Schilperoort M, Ngai D, Sukka SR, Avrampou K, Shi H, Tabas I. The role of efferocytosis-fueled macrophage metabolism in the resolution of inflammation. Immunol Rev 2023; 319:65-80. [PMID: 37158427 PMCID: PMC10615666 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The phagocytosis of dying cells by macrophages, termed efferocytosis, is a tightly regulated process that involves the sensing, binding, engulfment, and digestion of apoptotic cells. Efferocytosis not only prevents tissue necrosis and inflammation caused by secondary necrosis of dying cells, but it also promotes pro-resolving signaling in macrophages, which is essential for tissue resolution and repair following injury or inflammation. An important factor that contributes to this pro-resolving reprogramming is the cargo that is released from apoptotic cells after their engulfment and phagolysosomal digestion by macrophages. The apoptotic cell cargo contains amino acids, nucleotides, fatty acids, and cholesterol that function as metabolites and signaling molecules to bring about this re-programming. Here, we review efferocytosis-induced changes in macrophage metabolism that mediate the pro-resolving functions of macrophages. We also discuss various strategies, challenges, and future perspectives related to drugging efferocytosis-fueled macrophage metabolism as strategy to dampen inflammation and promote resolution in chronic inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maaike Schilperoort
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - David Ngai
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Santosh R Sukka
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Kleopatra Avrampou
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Hongxue Shi
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Ira Tabas
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Physiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
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10
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Cornwell A, Badiei A. From Gasotransmitter to Immunomodulator: The Emerging Role of Hydrogen Sulfide in Macrophage Biology. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040935. [PMID: 37107310 PMCID: PMC10135606 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been increasingly recognized as a crucial inflammatory mediator in immune cells, particularly macrophages, due to its direct and indirect effects on cellular signaling, redox homeostasis, and energy metabolism. The intricate regulation of endogenous H2S production and metabolism involves the coordination of transsulfuration pathway (TSP) enzymes and sulfide oxidizing enzymes, with TSP's role at the intersection of the methionine pathway and glutathione synthesis reactions. Additionally, H2S oxidation mediated by sulfide quinone oxidoreductase (SQR) in mammalian cells may partially control cellular concentrations of this gasotransmitter to induce signaling. H2S is hypothesized to signal through the posttranslational modification known as persulfidation, with recent research highlighting the significance of reactive polysulfides, a derivative of sulfide metabolism. Overall, sulfides have been identified as having promising therapeutic potential to alleviate proinflammatory macrophage phenotypes, which are linked to the exacerbation of disease outcomes in various inflammatory conditions. H2S is now acknowledged to have a significant influence on cellular energy metabolism by affecting the redox environment, gene expression, and transcription factor activity, resulting in changes to both mitochondrial and cytosolic energy metabolism processes. This review covers recent discoveries pertaining to the involvement of H2S in macrophage cellular energy metabolism and redox regulation, and the potential implications for the inflammatory response of these cells in the broader framework of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Cornwell
- Department of Biology and Wildlife, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA
| | - Alireza Badiei
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA
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11
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Mager CE, Mormol JM, Shelton ED, Murphy PR, Bowman BA, Barley TJ, Wang X, Linn SC, Liu K, Nelin LD, Hafner M, Liu Y. p38 MAPK and MKP-1 control the glycolytic program via the bifunctional glycolysis regulator PFKFB3 during sepsis. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:103043. [PMID: 36803959 PMCID: PMC10025163 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.103043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperlactatemia often occurs in critically ill patients during severe sepsis/septic shock and is a powerful predictor of mortality. Lactate is the end product of glycolysis. While hypoxia due to inadequate oxygen delivery may result in anaerobic glycolysis, sepsis also enhances glycolysis under hyperdynamic circulation with adequate oxygen delivery. However, the molecular mechanisms involved are not fully understood. Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) families regulate many aspects of the immune response during microbial infections. MAPK phosphatase (MKP)-1 serves as a feedback control mechanism for p38 and JNK MAPK activities via dephosphorylation. Here, we found that mice deficient in Mkp-1 exhibited substantially enhanced expression and phosphorylation of 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase (PFKFB) 3, a key enzyme that regulates glycolysis following systemic Escherichia coli infection. Enhanced PFKFB3 expression was observed in a variety of tissues and cell types, including hepatocytes, macrophages, and epithelial cells. In bone marrow-derived macrophages, Pfkfb3 was robustly induced by both E. coli and lipopolysaccharide, and Mkp-1 deficiency enhanced PFKFB3 expression with no effect on Pfkfb3 mRNA stability. PFKFB3 induction was correlated with lactate production in both WT and Mkp-1-/- bone marrow-derived macrophage following lipopolysaccharide stimulation. Furthermore, we determined that a PFKFB3 inhibitor markedly attenuated lactate production, highlighting the critical role of PFKFB3 in the glycolysis program. Finally, pharmacological inhibition of p38 MAPK, but not JNK, substantially attenuated PFKFB3 expression and lactate production. Taken together, our studies suggest a critical role of p38 MAPK and MKP-1 in the regulation of glycolysis during sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carli E Mager
- Center for Perinatal Research, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Justin M Mormol
- Center for Perinatal Research, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Evan D Shelton
- Center for Perinatal Research, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Parker R Murphy
- Center for Perinatal Research, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Bridget A Bowman
- Center for Perinatal Research, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Timothy J Barley
- Center for Perinatal Research, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Xiantao Wang
- Laboratory of Muscle Stem Cells and Gene Regulation, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Sarah C Linn
- Combined Anatomic Pathology Residency/Graduate Program, Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA; Kidney and Urinary Tract Center, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Kevin Liu
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Leif D Nelin
- Center for Perinatal Research, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA; Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Markus Hafner
- Laboratory of Muscle Stem Cells and Gene Regulation, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Yusen Liu
- Center for Perinatal Research, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA; Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
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12
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Yang Y, Zhan X, Zhang C, Shi J, Wu J, Deng X, Hong Y, Li Q, Ge S, Xu G, He F. USP25-PKM2-glycolysis axis contributes to ischemia reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury by promoting M1-like macrophage polarization and proinflammatory response. Clin Immunol 2023; 251:109279. [PMID: 36894047 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2023.109279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
M1-like macrophages have been reported to play critical roles in acute kidney injury (AKI). Here, we elucidated the role of ubiquitin-specific protease 25 (USP25) in M1-like macrophages polarization and AKI. High USP25 expression was correlated with a decline in renal function in patients with acute kidney tubular injury and in mice with AKI. In contrast, USP25 knockout reduced M1-like macrophage infiltration, suppressed M1-like polarization, and improved AKI in mice, indicating that USP25 was necessary for M1-like polarization and proinflammatory response. Immunoprecipitation assay and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry showed that the M2 isoform of pyruvate kinase, muscle (PKM2) was a target substrate of USP25. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis indicated the USP25 regulated aerobic glycolysis and lactate production during M1-like polarization via PKM2. Further analysis showed that the USP25-PKM2-aerobic glycolysis axis positively regulated M1-like polarization and exacerbated AKI in mice, providing potential therapeutic targets for AKI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xiaona Zhan
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Cailin Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jia Shi
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jianliang Wu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330008, China
| | - Xuan Deng
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yu Hong
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Shuwang Ge
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Gang Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Fan He
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
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13
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Dong L, Cao Y, Yang H, Hou Y, He Y, Wang Y, Yang Q, Bi Y, Liu G. The hippo kinase MST1 negatively regulates the differentiation of follicular helper T cells. Immunology 2023; 168:511-525. [PMID: 36210514 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Follicular helper T (TFH ) cells are essential for inducing germinal centre (GC) reactions to mediate humoral adaptive immunity and antiviral effects, but the mechanisms of TFH cell differentiation remain unclear. Here, we found that the hippo kinase MST1 is critical for TFH cell differentiation, GC formation, and antibody production under steady-state conditions and viral infection. MST1 deficiency intrinsically enhanced TFH cell differentiation and GC reactions in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, mTOR and HIF1α signalling is involved in glucose metabolism and increased glycolysis and decreased OXPHOS, which are critically required for MST1 deficiency-directed TFH cell differentiation. Moreover, upregulated Foxo3 expression is critically responsible for TFH cell differentiation induced by Mst1-/- . Thus, our findings identify a previously unrecognized relationship between hippo kinase MST1 signalling and mTOR-HIF1α-metabolic reprogramming coupled with Foxo3 signalling in reprogramming TFH cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Dong
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yejin Cao
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yueru Hou
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying He
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yufei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiuli Yang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yujing Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Guangwei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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14
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Florance I, Ramasubbu S. Current Understanding on the Role of Lipids in Macrophages and Associated Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010589. [PMID: 36614031 PMCID: PMC9820199 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid metabolism is the major intracellular mechanism driving a variety of cellular functions such as energy storage, hormone regulation and cell division. Lipids, being a primary component of the cell membrane, play a pivotal role in the survival of macrophages. Lipids are crucial for a variety of macrophage functions including phagocytosis, energy balance and ageing. However, functions of lipids in macrophages vary based on the site the macrophages are residing at. Lipid-loaded macrophages have recently been emerging as a hallmark for several diseases. This review discusses the significance of lipids in adipose tissue macrophages, tumor-associated macrophages, microglia and peritoneal macrophages. Accumulation of macrophages with impaired lipid metabolism is often characteristically observed in several metabolic disorders. Stress signals differentially regulate lipid metabolism. While conditions such as hypoxia result in accumulation of lipids in macrophages, stress signals such as nutrient deprivation initiate lipolysis and clearance of lipids. Understanding the biology of lipid accumulation in macrophages requires the development of potentially active modulators of lipid metabolism.
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15
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Li Y, Xiong J, Hu Y, Miao W, Huang H. Wrapping collagen-based nanoparticle with macrophage membrane for treating multidrug-resistant bacterial infection. JOURNAL OF LEATHER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s42825-022-00106-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
AbstractNowadays, multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infectious diseases has become a thorny issue in the healthcare field. Owning to its intrinsic merits, photodynamic therapy (PDT) shows tremendous strengths in fighting against MDR bacterial infections. However, most photodynamic nanoplatforms exhibit unsatisfactory targeting efficiency towards bacteria and infection site, which may compromise the bactericidal effect of PDT. Herein, we firstly reported a bacteria-targeted collagen-based nanoparticle, named Ce6/Col/MM, for treating methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)-infected wound. Ce6/Col/MM was fabricated by wrapping chlorin e6 (Ce6)-loaded collagen-based nanoparticles with macrophage membrane (MM), showing excellent photodynamic activity and good biocompatibility. In vitro studies demonstrated that Ce6/Col/MM could target to bacteria and then exhibit prominent antibacterial capacity against planktonic MRSA under light irradiation. Furthermore, the treatment of MRSA-infected wound in mice with Ce6/Col/MM plus light illumination resulted in potent bacterial inactivation and accelerated wound healing, accompanied by favorable histological compatibility. Collectively, Ce6/Col/MM with superior targeting ability towards bacteria, effective photodynamic antibacterial potency and minimal safety concerns, might be a powerful bactericidal nanoagent for treating infections caused by MDR bacteria.
Graphical Abstract
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16
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Zhang Y, Shen W, Ding J, Gao X, Wu X, Zhu J. Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Head Kidney of Aeromonas hydrophila-infected Hypoxia-tolerant and Normal Large Yellow Croaker. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 24:1039-1054. [PMID: 36129638 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-022-10158-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) is one of the most economically important marine fish on the southeast coast of China and much of its yield is usually lost by hypoxia. To address this problem and lay a foundation for culturing a new strain of large yellow croaker with hypoxia tolerance, our research group screened a hypoxia-tolerant population of L. crocea. Surprisingly, we also found that hypoxia-tolerant population exhibited higher survival when infected with pathogens compared to the normal population during the farming operation. In order to understand the mechanism underlying the higher survival rate of the hypoxia-tolerant population and enrich the head kidney immune mechanism of L. crocea infected with pathogens, we compared and analyzed the head kidney transcriptome of the hypoxia-tolerant and normal individuals under Aeromonas hydrophila infection. We obtained 159.68 GB high-quality reads, of which more than 87.61% were successfully localized to the reference genome of L. crocea. KEGG analysis revealed differentially expressed genes in the signaling pathways involving immunity, cell growth and death, transport and catabolism, and metabolism. Among these, the toll-like receptor signaling pathway, Nod-like receptor signaling pathway, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, phagosome, apoptosis, and OXPHOS pathways were enriched in both groups after infection compared to before, and were enriched in infected tolerant individuals compared to normal individuals. In addition, we found that the expression of hif1α and its downstream genes were higher in the hypoxia-sensitive group of fish than in the normal group. In conclusion, our results showed some signaling pathways and hub genes, which may participate in A. hydrophila defense in the head kidney of two populations, and may contribute to the higher survival rate in the hypoxia-tolerant population. Overall, these findings increase our understanding of the defense mechanism within the head kidney of L. crocea under A. hydrophila infection, and suggest a preliminary hypothesis for why hypoxia-tolerant individuals may exhibit a higher survival rates after infection. Our study provides scientific evidence for the breeding of a new hypoxia-tolerant strain of L. crocea for aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology Ministry of Education, College of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Aquatic Germplasm Resources, Ningbo Academy of Oceanology and Fishery, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weiliang Shen
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Aquatic Germplasm Resources, Ningbo Academy of Oceanology and Fishery, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jie Ding
- Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology Ministry of Education, College of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Aquatic Germplasm Resources, Ningbo Academy of Oceanology and Fishery, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinming Gao
- Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology Ministry of Education, College of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiongfei Wu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Aquatic Germplasm Resources, Ningbo Academy of Oceanology and Fishery, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Junquan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology Ministry of Education, College of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
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17
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Lopez T, Wendremaire M, Lagarde J, Duquet O, Alibert L, Paquette B, Garrido C, Lirussi F. Wound Healing versus Metastasis: Role of Oxidative Stress. Biomedicines 2022; 10:2784. [PMID: 36359304 PMCID: PMC9687595 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10112784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Many signaling pathways, molecular and cellular actors which are critical for wound healing have been implicated in cancer metastasis. These two conditions are a complex succession of cellular biological events and accurate regulation of these events is essential. Apart from inflammation, macrophages-released ROS arise as major regulators of these processes. But, whatever the pathology concerned, oxidative stress is a complicated phenomenon to control and requires a finely tuned balance over the different stages and responding cells. This review provides an overview of the pivotal role of oxidative stress in both wound healing and metastasis, encompassing the contribution of macrophages. Indeed, macrophages are major ROS producers but also appear as their targets since ROS interfere with their differentiation and function. Elucidating ROS functions in wound healing and metastatic spread may allow the development of innovative therapeutic strategies involving redox modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Lopez
- UMR 1231, Lipides Nutrition Cancer, INSERM, 21000 Dijon, France
- UFR des Sciences de Santé, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - Maeva Wendremaire
- UMR 1231, Lipides Nutrition Cancer, INSERM, 21000 Dijon, France
- UFR des Sciences de Santé, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - Jimmy Lagarde
- UMR 1231, Lipides Nutrition Cancer, INSERM, 21000 Dijon, France
- UFR des Sciences de Santé, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - Oriane Duquet
- UFR des Sciences de Santé, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France
- Plateforme PACE, Laboratoire de Pharmacologie-Toxicologie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Besançon, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - Line Alibert
- Service de Chirurgie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Besançon, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - Brice Paquette
- Service de Chirurgie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Besançon, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - Carmen Garrido
- UMR 1231, Lipides Nutrition Cancer, INSERM, 21000 Dijon, France
- UFR des Sciences de Santé, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France
- Centre Georges François Leclerc, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Frédéric Lirussi
- UMR 1231, Lipides Nutrition Cancer, INSERM, 21000 Dijon, France
- UFR des Sciences de Santé, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France
- Plateforme PACE, Laboratoire de Pharmacologie-Toxicologie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Besançon, 25000 Besançon, France
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18
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Orliaguet L, Ejlalmanesh T, Humbert A, Ballaire R, Diedisheim M, Julla JB, Chokr D, Cuenco J, Michieletto J, Charbit J, Lindén D, Boucher J, Potier C, Hamimi A, Lemoine S, Blugeon C, Legoix P, Lameiras S, Baudrin LG, Baulande S, Soprani A, Castelli FA, Fenaille F, Riveline JP, Dalmas E, Rieusset J, Gautier JF, Venteclef N, Alzaid F. Early macrophage response to obesity encompasses Interferon Regulatory Factor 5 regulated mitochondrial architecture remodelling. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5089. [PMID: 36042203 PMCID: PMC9427774 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32813-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue macrophages (ATM) adapt to changes in their energetic microenvironment. Caloric excess, in a range from transient to diet-induced obesity, could result in the transition of ATMs from highly oxidative and protective to highly inflammatory and metabolically deleterious. Here, we demonstrate that Interferon Regulatory Factor 5 (IRF5) is a key regulator of macrophage oxidative capacity in response to caloric excess. ATMs from mice with genetic-deficiency of Irf5 are characterised by increased oxidative respiration and mitochondrial membrane potential. Transient inhibition of IRF5 activity leads to a similar respiratory phenotype as genomic deletion, and is reversible by reconstitution of IRF5 expression. We find that the highly oxidative nature of Irf5-deficient macrophages results from transcriptional de-repression of the mitochondrial matrix component Growth Hormone Inducible Transmembrane Protein (GHITM) gene. The Irf5-deficiency-associated high oxygen consumption could be alleviated by experimental suppression of Ghitm expression. ATMs and monocytes from patients with obesity or with type-2 diabetes retain the reciprocal regulatory relationship between Irf5 and Ghitm. Thus, our study provides insights into the mechanism of how the inflammatory transcription factor IRF5 controls physiological adaptation to diet-induced obesity via regulating mitochondrial architecture in macrophages. Interferon Regulatory Factor 5 levels have been shown to increase in adipose tissue macrophages in diet-induced obesity. Here authors show that IRF5 transcriptionally represses the Growth Hormone Inducible Transmembrane Protein gene encoding a mitochondrial protein important for oxidative respiration in macrophages, thus driving the detrimental metabolic changes observed in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Orliaguet
- INSERM UMR-S1151, CNRS UMR-S8253, Université Paris Cité, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, F-75015, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR-S1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, IMMEDIAB Laboratory, Paris, France
| | - T Ejlalmanesh
- INSERM UMR-S1151, CNRS UMR-S8253, Université Paris Cité, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, F-75015, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR-S1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, IMMEDIAB Laboratory, Paris, France
| | - A Humbert
- CarMeN Laboratory, UMR INSERM U1060/INRA U1397, Lyon 1 University, F-69310, Pierre Bénite, France
| | - R Ballaire
- INSERM UMR-S1151, CNRS UMR-S8253, Université Paris Cité, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, F-75015, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR-S1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, IMMEDIAB Laboratory, Paris, France
| | - M Diedisheim
- INSERM UMR-S1151, CNRS UMR-S8253, Université Paris Cité, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, F-75015, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR-S1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, IMMEDIAB Laboratory, Paris, France.,Department of Diabetes, Cochin Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - J B Julla
- INSERM UMR-S1151, CNRS UMR-S8253, Université Paris Cité, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, F-75015, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR-S1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, IMMEDIAB Laboratory, Paris, France.,Department of Diabetes, Lariboisière Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - D Chokr
- INSERM UMR-S1151, CNRS UMR-S8253, Université Paris Cité, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, F-75015, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR-S1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, IMMEDIAB Laboratory, Paris, France
| | - J Cuenco
- INSERM UMR-S1151, CNRS UMR-S8253, Université Paris Cité, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, F-75015, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR-S1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, IMMEDIAB Laboratory, Paris, France
| | - J Michieletto
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), MetaboHUB, F-91191, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - J Charbit
- Service d'endocrinologie, diabétologie, maladies métaboliques, Hôpital Avicenne, 127 Rte de Stalingrad, 93 009, Bobigny, France
| | - D Lindén
- Bioscience Metabolism, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism (CVRM), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - J Boucher
- Bioscience Metabolism, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism (CVRM), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - C Potier
- INSERM UMR-S1151, CNRS UMR-S8253, Université Paris Cité, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, F-75015, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR-S1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, IMMEDIAB Laboratory, Paris, France
| | - A Hamimi
- INSERM UMR-S1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, IMMEDIAB Laboratory, Paris, France
| | - S Lemoine
- GenomiqueENS, Institut de Biologie de l'ENS (IBENS), Département de biologie, École normale supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, 75005, Paris, France
| | - C Blugeon
- GenomiqueENS, Institut de Biologie de l'ENS (IBENS), Département de biologie, École normale supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, 75005, Paris, France
| | - P Legoix
- Institut Curie Genomics of Excellence Platform, Institut Curie Research Center, PSL University, Paris, France
| | - S Lameiras
- Institut Curie Genomics of Excellence Platform, Institut Curie Research Center, PSL University, Paris, France
| | - L G Baudrin
- Institut Curie Genomics of Excellence Platform, Institut Curie Research Center, PSL University, Paris, France
| | - S Baulande
- Institut Curie Genomics of Excellence Platform, Institut Curie Research Center, PSL University, Paris, France
| | - A Soprani
- INSERM UMR-S1151, CNRS UMR-S8253, Université Paris Cité, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, F-75015, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR-S1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, IMMEDIAB Laboratory, Paris, France.,Department of Digestive Surgery, Générale de Santé (GDS), Geoffroy Saint Hilaire Clinic, 75005, Paris, France
| | - F A Castelli
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), MetaboHUB, F-91191, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - F Fenaille
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), MetaboHUB, F-91191, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - J P Riveline
- INSERM UMR-S1151, CNRS UMR-S8253, Université Paris Cité, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, F-75015, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR-S1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, IMMEDIAB Laboratory, Paris, France.,Department of Diabetes, Lariboisière Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - E Dalmas
- INSERM UMR-S1151, CNRS UMR-S8253, Université Paris Cité, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, F-75015, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR-S1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, IMMEDIAB Laboratory, Paris, France
| | - J Rieusset
- CarMeN Laboratory, UMR INSERM U1060/INRA U1397, Lyon 1 University, F-69310, Pierre Bénite, France
| | - J F Gautier
- INSERM UMR-S1151, CNRS UMR-S8253, Université Paris Cité, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, F-75015, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR-S1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, IMMEDIAB Laboratory, Paris, France.,Department of Diabetes, Lariboisière Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - N Venteclef
- INSERM UMR-S1151, CNRS UMR-S8253, Université Paris Cité, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, F-75015, Paris, France. .,INSERM UMR-S1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, IMMEDIAB Laboratory, Paris, France.
| | - F Alzaid
- INSERM UMR-S1151, CNRS UMR-S8253, Université Paris Cité, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, F-75015, Paris, France. .,INSERM UMR-S1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, IMMEDIAB Laboratory, Paris, France. .,Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait, Kuwait.
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19
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A Fun-Guide to Innate Immune Responses to Fungal Infections. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8080805. [PMID: 36012793 PMCID: PMC9409918 DOI: 10.3390/jof8080805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunocompromised individuals are at high risk of developing severe fungal infections with high mortality rates, while fungal pathogens pose little risk to most healthy people. Poor therapeutic outcomes and growing antifungal resistance pose further challenges for treatments. Identifying specific immunomodulatory mechanisms exploited by fungal pathogens is critical for our understanding of fungal diseases and development of new therapies. A gap currently exists between the large body of literature concerning the innate immune response to fungal infections and the potential manipulation of host immune responses to aid clearance of infection. This review considers the innate immune mechanisms the host deploys to prevent fungal infection and how these mechanisms fail in immunocompromised hosts. Three clinically relevant fungal pathogens (Candida albicans, Cryptococcus spp. and Aspergillus spp.) will be explored. This review will also examine potential mechanisms of targeting the host therapeutically to improve outcomes of fungal infection.
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Implication of the IL-10-Expression Signature in the Pathogenicity of Leptospira-Infected Macrophages. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0259521. [PMID: 35638785 PMCID: PMC9241676 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02595-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Leptospirosis, an emerging infectious disease caused by pathogenic Leptospira spp., occurs in ecoregions with heavy rainfall and has public health implications. Macrophages are the major anti-Leptospira phagocytes that infiltrate the kidneys during renal leptospirosis, which is caused by leptospires residing in the renal tubules. The pathogenicity of Leptospira spp. in immune effector cells such as macrophages is not well understood. To evaluate this pathogenesis, we characterized and compared the transcriptome-wide alterations in macrophages infected with pathogenic and nonpathogenic Leptospira spp. Using transcriptome data and quantitative reverse transcription PCR analysis, at 2 h postinfection, the hypoxia-inducible factor-1α-dependent glycolysis pathway was implicated in pathogenic Leptospira-infected macrophages but not in nonpathogenic leptospiral infections. Immune-related biological processes were mostly activated in pathogenic Leptospira-infected macrophages, and flow cytometry investigations revealed that classically activated macrophages represent the predominant polarization status. At 24 h after infection, biological pathways associated with interleukin-10, IL-10, signaling the induction of macrophage tolerance, as well as higher levels of IL-10 mRNA and protein expression, were observed in nonpathogenic Leptospira-infected macrophages compared to in pathogenic leptospiral infection. Following leptospiral infection of macrophages, strong IL-10-expressing transcriptome signatures were observed following nonpathogenic leptospiral infection. The transcriptional programs generated in Leptospira-infected macrophages revealed an inflammatory milieu following the production of a critical anti-inflammatory cytokine, IL-10, which is implicated in controlling the pathogenicity of activated macrophages. These findings imply that IL-10-mediated anti-inflammatory responses and tolerance in activated macrophages induced by nonpathogenic Leptospira spp. infection reduce inflammation and tissue damage, thus providing a potential therapeutic target for leptospirosis. IMPORTANCE Activation of macrophages by Leptospira spp. infection is thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of leptospirosis. To evaluate the innate macrophage responses to Leptospira spp., specifically pathogenic versus nonpathogenic Leptospira spp., we characterized the entire transcriptome-wide alterations in infected macrophages. We showed that hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and immune-related pathways are activated in pathogenic leptospiral-infected macrophages. We confirmed the significantly high levels of IL-10-expressing signatures and tolerance in activated macrophages caused by nonpathogenic Leptospira infection. Furthermore, nonpathogenic leptospiral infections attenuated macrophage activation responses. These findings suggest a potential therapeutic strategy for the immune microenvironment caused by macrophage activation driven by IL-10 overexpression, which may contribute to regulating inflammation in leptospirosis.
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Hayek I, Szperlinski M, Lührmann A. Coxiella burnetii Affects HIF1α Accumulation and HIF1α Target Gene Expression. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:867689. [PMID: 35755850 PMCID: PMC9218251 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.867689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
HIF1α is an important transcription factor regulating not only cellular responses to hypoxia, but also anti-infective defense responses. We recently showed that HIF1α hampers replication of the obligate intracellular pathogen Coxiella burnetii which causes the zoonotic disease Q fever. Prior to development of chronic Q fever, it is assumed that the bacteria enter a persistent state. As HIF1α and/or hypoxia might be involved in the induction of C. burnetii persistence, we analyzed the role of HIF1α and hypoxia in the interaction of macrophages with C. burnetii to understand how the bacteria manipulate HIF1α stability and activity. We demonstrate that a C. burnetii-infection initially induces HIF1α stabilization, which decreases then over the course of an infection. This reduction depends on bacterial viability and a functional type IV secretion system (T4SS). While neither the responsible T4SS effector protein(s) nor the molecular mechanism leading to this partial HIF1α destabilization have been identified, our results demonstrate that C. burnetii influences the expression of HIF1α target genes in multiple ways. Therefore, a C. burnetii infection promotes HIF1α-mediated upregulation of several metabolic target genes; affects apoptosis-regulators towards a more pro-apoptotic signature; and under hypoxic conditions, shifts the ratio of the inflammatory genes analyzed towards a pro-inflammatory profile. Taken together, C. burnetii modulates HIF1α in a still elusive manner and alters the expression of multiple HIF1α target genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inaya Hayek
- Mikrobiologisches Institut - Klinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie and Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Manuela Szperlinski
- Mikrobiologisches Institut - Klinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie and Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anja Lührmann
- Mikrobiologisches Institut - Klinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie and Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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22
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Huy TXN, Nguyen TT, Reyes AWB, Kim H, Min W, Lee HJ, Lee JH, Kim S. Cobalt (II) Chloride Regulates the Invasion and Survival of Brucella abortus 544 in RAW 264.7 Cells and B6 Mice. Pathogens 2022; 11:596. [PMID: 35631117 PMCID: PMC9143810 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11050596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of Cobalt (II) chloride (CoCl2) in the context of Brucella abortus (B. abortus) infection have not been evaluated so far. Firstly, we found that CoCl2 treatment inhibited the phagocytosis of B. abortus into RAW 264.7 cells. The inhibition of bacterial invasion was regulated by F-actin formation and associated with a reduction in the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and HIF-1α expression. Secondly, the activation of trafficking regulators LAMP1, LAMP2, and lysosomal enzyme GLA at the transcriptional level activated immune responses, weakening the B. abortus growth at 4 h post-infection (pi). The silencing of HIF-1α increased bacterial survival at 24 h pi. At the same time, CoCl2 treatment showed a significant increase in the transcripts of lysosomal enzyme HEXB and cytokine TNF-α and an attenuation of the bacterial survival. Moreover, the enhancement at the protein level of HIF-1α was induced in the CoCl2 treatment at both 4 and 24 h pi. Finally, our results demonstrated that CoCl2 administration induced the production of serum cytokines IFN-γ and IL-6, which is accompanied by dampened Brucella proliferation in the spleen and liver of treated mice, and reduced the splenomegaly and hepatomegaly. Altogether, CoCl2 treatment contributed to host resistance against B. abortus infection with immunomodulatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tran X. N. Huy
- Institute of Applied Sciences, HUTECH University, 475A Dien Bien Phu St., Ward 25, Binh Thanh District, Ho Chi Minh City 72300, Vietnam;
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (T.T.N.); (H.K.); (W.M.); (H.J.L.)
| | - Trang T. Nguyen
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (T.T.N.); (H.K.); (W.M.); (H.J.L.)
| | - Alisha W. B. Reyes
- Department of Veterinary Paraclinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Laguna 4031, Philippines;
| | - Heejin Kim
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (T.T.N.); (H.K.); (W.M.); (H.J.L.)
| | - WonGi Min
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (T.T.N.); (H.K.); (W.M.); (H.J.L.)
| | - Hu J. Lee
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (T.T.N.); (H.K.); (W.M.); (H.J.L.)
| | - John H. Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea;
| | - Suk Kim
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (T.T.N.); (H.K.); (W.M.); (H.J.L.)
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23
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Role of Cellular Metabolism during Candida-Host Interactions. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11020184. [PMID: 35215128 PMCID: PMC8875223 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11020184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Microscopic fungi are widely present in the environment and, more importantly, are also an essential part of the human healthy mycobiota. However, many species can become pathogenic under certain circumstances, with Candida spp. being the most clinically relevant fungi. In recent years, the importance of metabolism and nutrient availability for fungi-host interactions have been highlighted. Upon activation, immune and other host cells reshape their metabolism to fulfil the energy-demanding process of generating an immune response. This includes macrophage upregulation of glucose uptake and processing via aerobic glycolysis. On the other side, Candida modulates its metabolic pathways to adapt to the usually hostile environment in the host, such as the lumen of phagolysosomes. Further understanding on metabolic interactions between host and fungal cells would potentially lead to novel/enhanced antifungal therapies to fight these infections. Therefore, this review paper focuses on how cellular metabolism, of both host cells and Candida, and the nutritional environment impact on the interplay between host and fungal cells.
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24
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Ahmed D, Humphrey A, Roy D, Sheridan ME, Versey Z, Jaworski A, Edwards A, Donner J, Abizaid A, Willmore W, Kumar A, Golshani A, Cassol E. HIF-1α Regulation of Cytokine Production following TLR3 Engagement in Murine Bone Marrow-Derived Macrophages Is Dependent on Viral Nucleic Acid Length and Glucose Availability. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 207:2813-2827. [PMID: 34740958 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2001282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) is an important regulator of glucose metabolism and inflammatory cytokine production in innate immune responses. Viruses modulate HIF-1α to support viral replication and the survival of infected cells, but it is unclear if this transcription factor also plays an important role in regulating antiviral immune responses. In this study, we found that short and long dsRNA differentially engage TLR3, inducing distinct levels of proinflammatory cytokine production (TNF-α and IL-6) in bone marrow-derived macrophages from C57BL/6 mice. These responses are associated with differential accumulation of HIF-1α, which augments NF-κB activation. Unlike TLR4 responses, increased HIF-1α following TLR3 engagement is not associated with significant alterations in glycolytic activity and was more pronounced in low glucose conditions. We also show that the mechanisms supporting HIF-1α stabilization may differ following stimulation with short versus long dsRNA and that pyruvate kinase M2 and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species play a central role in these processes. Collectively, this work suggests that HIF-1α may fine-tune proinflammatory cytokine production during early antiviral immune responses, particularly when there is limited glucose availability or under other conditions of stress. Our findings also suggest we may be able to regulate the magnitude of proinflammatory cytokine production during antiviral responses by targeting proteins or molecules that contribute to HIF-1α stabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duale Ahmed
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Health Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Allan Humphrey
- Department of Health Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Apoptosis Research Centre, The Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Roy
- Department of Health Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Zoya Versey
- Department of Health Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Allison Jaworski
- Department of Health Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alex Edwards
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - James Donner
- Department of Health Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alfonso Abizaid
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - William Willmore
- Institute of Biochemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Pathology, The Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; and.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ashkan Golshani
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Edana Cassol
- Department of Health Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada;
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25
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Goretzki A, Lin Y, Schülke S. Immune metabolism in allergies, does it matter?-A review of immune metabolic basics and adaptations associated with the activation of innate immune cells in allergy. Allergy 2021; 76:3314-3331. [PMID: 33811351 DOI: 10.1111/all.14843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Type I allergies are pathological, type 2 inflammatory immune responses against otherwise harmless environmental allergens that arise from complex interactions between different types of immune cells. Activated immune cells undergo extensive changes in phenotype and function to fulfill their effector functions. Hereby, activation, differentiation, proliferation, migration, and mounting of effector responses require metabolic reprogramming. While the metabolic changes associated with activation of dendritic cells, macrophages, and T cells are extensively studied, data about the metabolic phenotypes of the other cell types critically involved in allergic responses (epithelial cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, and ILC2s) are rather limited. This review briefly covers the basics of cellular energy metabolism and its connection to immune cell function. In addition, it summarizes the current state of knowledge in terms of dendritic cell and macrophage metabolism and subsequently focuses on the metabolic changes associated with activation of epithelial cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, as well as ILC2s in allergy. Interestingly, the innate key cell types in allergic inflammation were reported to change their metabolic phenotype during activation, shifting to either glycolysis (epithelial cells, M1 macrophages, DCs, eosinophils, basophils, acutely activated mast cells), oxidative phosphorylation (M2 macrophages, longer term activated mast cells), or fatty acid oxidation (ILC2s). Therefore, immune metabolism is of relevance in allergic diseases and its connection to immune cell effector function needs to be considered to better understand induction and maintenance of allergic responses. Further progress in this field will likely improve both our understanding of disease pathology and enable new treatment targets/strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yen‐Ju Lin
- Molecular Allergology Paul‐Ehrlich‐Institut Langen Germany
| | - Stefan Schülke
- Molecular Allergology Paul‐Ehrlich‐Institut Langen Germany
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26
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The Flagellin:Allergen Fusion Protein rFlaA:Betv1 Induces a MyD88- and MAPK-Dependent Activation of Glucose Metabolism in Macrophages. Cells 2021; 10:cells10102614. [PMID: 34685593 PMCID: PMC8534024 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
TLR5 ligand flagellin-containing fusion proteins are potential vaccine candidates for many diseases. A recombinant fusion protein of flagellin A and the major birch pollen allergen Bet v 1 (rFlaA:Betv1) modulates immune responses in vitro and in vivo. We studied the effects of rFlaA:Betv1 on bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs). BMDMs differentiated from BALB/c, C57BL/6, TLR5-/-, or MyD88-/- mice were pre-treated with inhibitors, stimulated with rFlaA:Betv1 or respective controls, and analyzed for activation, cytokine secretion, metabolic state, RNA transcriptome, and modulation of allergen-specific Th2 responses. Stimulation of BMDMs with rFlaA:Betv1 resulted in MyD88-dependent production of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10, CD69 upregulation, and a pronounced shift towards glycolysis paralleled by activation of MAPK, NFκB, and mTOR signaling. Inhibition of either mTOR (rapamycin) or SAP/JNK-MAPK signaling (SP600125) resulted in dose-dependent metabolic suppression. In BMDM and T cell co-cultures, rFlaA:Betv1 stimulation suppressed rBet v 1-induced IL-5 and IL-13 secretion while inducing IFN-γ production. mRNA-Seq analyses showed HIF-1a, JAK, STAT, phagosome, NLR, NFκB, TNF, TLR, and chemokine signaling to participate in the interplay of cell activation, glycolysis, and immune response. rFlaA:Betv1 strongly activated BMDMs, resulting in MyD88-, MAPK-, and mTOR-dependent enhancement of glucose metabolism. Our results suggest macrophages are important target cells to consider during restauration of allergen tolerance during AIT.
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27
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Ernst O, Sun J, Lin B, Banoth B, Dorrington MG, Liang J, Schwarz B, Stromberg KA, Katz S, Vayttaden SJ, Bradfield CJ, Slepushkina N, Rice CM, Buehler E, Khillan JS, McVicar DW, Bosio CM, Bryant CE, Sutterwala FS, Martin SE, Lal-Nag M, Fraser IDC. A genome-wide screen uncovers multiple roles for mitochondrial nucleoside diphosphate kinase D in inflammasome activation. Sci Signal 2021; 14:14/694/eabe0387. [PMID: 34344832 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.abe0387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Noncanonical inflammasome activation by cytosolic lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a critical component of the host response to Gram-negative bacteria. Cytosolic LPS recognition in macrophages is preceded by a Toll-like receptor (TLR) priming signal required to induce transcription of inflammasome components and facilitate the metabolic reprograming that fuels the inflammatory response. Using a genome-scale arrayed siRNA screen to find inflammasome regulators in mouse macrophages, we identified the mitochondrial enzyme nucleoside diphosphate kinase D (NDPK-D) as a regulator of both noncanonical and canonical inflammasomes. NDPK-D was required for both mitochondrial DNA synthesis and cardiolipin exposure on the mitochondrial surface in response to inflammasome priming signals mediated by TLRs, and macrophages deficient in NDPK-D had multiple defects in LPS-induced inflammasome activation. In addition, NDPK-D was required for the recruitment of TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) to mitochondria, which was critical for reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and the metabolic reprogramming that supported the TLR-induced gene program. NDPK-D knockout mice were protected from LPS-induced shock, consistent with decreased ROS production and attenuated glycolytic commitment during priming. Our findings suggest that, in response to microbial challenge, NDPK-D-dependent TRAF6 mitochondrial recruitment triggers an energetic fitness checkpoint required to engage and maintain the transcriptional program necessary for inflammasome activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orna Ernst
- Signaling Systems Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jing Sun
- Signaling Systems Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Bin Lin
- Signaling Systems Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Balaji Banoth
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Michael G Dorrington
- Signaling Systems Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jonathan Liang
- Signaling Systems Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.,Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0ES, UK
| | - Benjamin Schwarz
- Laboratory of Bacteriology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Hamilton, MT 59840, USA
| | - Kaitlin A Stromberg
- Laboratory of Bacteriology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Hamilton, MT 59840, USA
| | - Samuel Katz
- Signaling Systems Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.,Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0ES, UK
| | - Sharat J Vayttaden
- Signaling Systems Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Clinton J Bradfield
- Signaling Systems Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Nadia Slepushkina
- The Trans-NIH RNAi Facility, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, NIH, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Christopher M Rice
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunometabolism, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Eugen Buehler
- The Trans-NIH RNAi Facility, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, NIH, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Jaspal S Khillan
- Mouse Genetics and Gene Modification Section, Comparative Medicine Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Daniel W McVicar
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunometabolism, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Catharine M Bosio
- Laboratory of Bacteriology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Hamilton, MT 59840, USA
| | - Clare E Bryant
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0ES, UK
| | - Fayyaz S Sutterwala
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Scott E Martin
- The Trans-NIH RNAi Facility, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, NIH, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Madhu Lal-Nag
- The Trans-NIH RNAi Facility, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, NIH, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Iain D C Fraser
- Signaling Systems Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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28
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Kolliniati O, Ieronymaki E, Vergadi E, Tsatsanis C. Metabolic Regulation of Macrophage Activation. J Innate Immun 2021; 14:51-68. [PMID: 34247159 DOI: 10.1159/000516780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages, the central mediators of innate immune responses, being in the first-line of defense, they have to readily respond to pathogenic or tissue damage signals to initiate the inflammatory cascade. Such rapid responses require energy to support orchestrated production of pro-inflammatory mediators and activation of phagocytosis. Being a cell type that is present in diverse environments and conditions, macrophages have to adapt to different nutritional resources. Thus, macrophages have developed plasticity and are capable of utilizing energy at both normoxic and hypoxic conditions and in the presence of varying concentrations of glucose or other nutrients. Such adaptation is reflected on changes in signaling pathways that modulate responses, accounting for the different activation phenotypes observed. Macrophage metabolism has been tightly associated with distinct activation phenotypes within the range of M1-like and M2-like types. In the context of diseases, systemic changes also affect macrophage metabolism, as in diabetes and insulin resistance, which results in altered metabolism and distinct activation phenotypes in the adipose tissue or in the periphery. In the context of solid tumors, tumor-associated macrophages adapt in the hypoxic environment, which results in metabolic changes that are reflected on an activation phenotype that supports tumor growth. Coordination of environmental and pathogenic signals determines macrophage metabolism, which in turn shapes the type and magnitude of the response. Therefore, modulating macrophage metabolism provides a potential therapeutic approach for inflammatory diseases and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ourania Kolliniati
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece.,Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece.,Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, FORTH, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Eleftheria Ieronymaki
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece.,Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, FORTH, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Eleni Vergadi
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Christos Tsatsanis
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece.,Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, FORTH, Heraklion, Greece
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29
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Zhu Y, Shi T, Lu X, Xu Z, Qu J, Zhang Z, Shi G, Shen S, Hou Y, Chen Y, Wang T. Fungal-induced glycolysis in macrophages promotes colon cancer by enhancing innate lymphoid cell secretion of IL-22. EMBO J 2021; 40:e105320. [PMID: 33591591 PMCID: PMC8167358 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2020105320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Incorporation of microbiome data has recently become important for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of colorectal cancer, and several species of bacteria were shown to be associated with carcinogenesis. However, the role of commensal fungi in colon cancer remains poorly understood. Here, we report that mice lacking the c-type lectin Dectin-3 (Dectin-3-/- ) show increased tumorigenesis and Candida albicans burden upon chemical induction. Elevated C. albicans load triggered glycolysis in macrophages and interleukin-7 (IL-7) secretion. IL-7 induced IL-22 production in RORγt+ (group 3) innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) via aryl hydrocarbon receptor and STAT3. Consistently, IL-22 frequency in tumor tissues of colon cancer patients positively correlated with fungal burden, indicating the relevance of this regulatory axis in human disease. These results establish a C. albicans-driven crosstalk between macrophages and innate lymphoid cells in the intestine and expand our understanding on how commensal mycobiota regulate host immunity and promote tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Zhu
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology & Nanjing Stomatological HospitalJiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular MedicineDivision of ImmunologyMedical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Tao Shi
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology & Nanjing Stomatological HospitalJiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular MedicineDivision of ImmunologyMedical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Xia Lu
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology & Nanjing Stomatological HospitalJiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular MedicineDivision of ImmunologyMedical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Zhen Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology & Nanjing Stomatological HospitalJiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular MedicineDivision of ImmunologyMedical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Junxing Qu
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology & Nanjing Stomatological HospitalJiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular MedicineDivision of ImmunologyMedical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology & Nanjing Stomatological HospitalJiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular MedicineDivision of ImmunologyMedical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Guoping Shi
- Department of Colorectal SurgeryThe Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
| | - Sunan Shen
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology & Nanjing Stomatological HospitalJiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular MedicineDivision of ImmunologyMedical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yayi Hou
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology & Nanjing Stomatological HospitalJiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular MedicineDivision of ImmunologyMedical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yugen Chen
- Department of Colorectal SurgeryThe Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
| | - Tingting Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology & Nanjing Stomatological HospitalJiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular MedicineDivision of ImmunologyMedical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjingChina
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Fan F, Ma Y, Ai R, Ding Z, Li D, Zhu Y, He Q, Zhang X, Dong Y, He Y. Glycolytic Metabolism Is Critical for the Innate Antibacterial Defense in Acute Streptococcus pneumoniae Otitis Media. Front Immunol 2021; 12:624775. [PMID: 33953708 PMCID: PMC8089373 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.624775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Streptococcus pneumoniae (S.pn) is a common respiratory pathogen and a frequent cause of acute otitis media (AOM) in children. However, little is known about the immunometabolism during AOM. This study was to assess the presence of glucose metabolic reprogramming during AOM and its underlying mechanism affecting inflammatory response and middle ear injury. Methods The levels of glycolytic metabolism were evaluated by measuring the expression of glycolysis-related genes and the production of metabolites. HE stain, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot were performed to measure the effect of glucose metabolic reprogramming on inflammatory response, pneumococcal clearance, hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) expression and cytokine secretion during AOM, respectively. Results The analysis of microarray revealed an increase of the expression of glycolysis-related genes during S.pn-induced AOM, which was verified by real-time PCR. Increased glycolysis promoted the production of IL-1β and TNF-α and facilitated the clearance of S.pn by enhancing phagocytosis and killing capability of neutrophils, but also aggravated the middle ear injury. Furthermore, these pathogenic effects could be reversed after glycolytic inhibitor 2DG treatment. Additionally, HIF-1α was observed to involve in glycolytic metabolism during AOM. Conclusion S.pn infection induced increased glycolysis conversion during AOM, which promoted inflammatory responses and bacterial clearance, but also aggravated tissue damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangmei Fan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guiyang Maternity & Child Health Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Yurong Ma
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Rongshuang Ai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhiqiang Ding
- School of Computer Science, Chongqing Institute of Engineering, Chongqing, China
| | - Dingyi Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yiting Zhu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qian He
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yilin Dong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yujuan He
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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31
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Zhou Y, Wu M, Xu L, Cheng J, Shen J, Yang T, Zhang L. Bmal1 Regulates Macrophage Polarize Through Glycolytic Pathway in Alcoholic Liver Disease. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:640521. [PMID: 33790796 PMCID: PMC8006279 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.640521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic macrophages play a critical role in inflammation caused by alcohol feeding. During this process, variation of macrophage phenotypes triggers inflammatory responses in a variety of ways. Moreover, there is increasing evidence that Brain and Muscle Arnt-Like Protein-1 (Bmal1) is regarded as a key regulator of macrophage transformation. In our study, Bmal1 was detected to be low expressed in EtOH-fed mice tissue samples and ethanol-induced RAW264.7 cells. After hepatic specific overexpression of Bmal1, M1 macrophage markers were evidently down-regulated, while M2 markers were on the contrary, showing an upward trend. Furthermore, alcoholic liver lesions were also improved in alcohol feeding mice with overexpressed Bmal1. On this basis, we also found that the glycolytic pathway can regulate macrophage polarization. In vitro, blocking of glycolytic pathway can significantly inhibit M1-type polarization. Importantly, glycolysis levels were also restrained after Bmal1 overexpression. What’s more, Bmal1 exerts a negative regulatory effect on glycolysis by interacting with S100A9 protein. Further studies showed that the alleviation of alcoholic liver disease (ALD) by Bmal1 was associated with glycolytic pathway suppression and M1 macrophage polarization. In summary, we demonstrated that Bmal1 is a gene capable of relieving ALD, and this effect may provide new insights for altering macrophage phenotypes to regulate inflammatory responses in ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Meifei Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Lei Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Jieling Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Jie Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Tianyu Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
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Mata R, Yao Y, Cao W, Ding J, Zhou T, Zhai Z, Gao C. The Dynamic Inflammatory Tissue Microenvironment: Signality and Disease Therapy by Biomaterials. RESEARCH 2021; 2021:4189516. [PMID: 33623917 PMCID: PMC7879376 DOI: 10.34133/2021/4189516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Tissue regeneration is an active multiplex process involving the dynamic inflammatory microenvironment. Under a normal physiological framework, inflammation is necessary for the systematic immunity including tissue repair and regeneration as well as returning to homeostasis. Inflammatory cellular response and metabolic mechanisms play key roles in the well-orchestrated tissue regeneration. If this response is dysregulated, it becomes chronic, which in turn causes progressive fibrosis, improper repair, and autoimmune disorders, ultimately leading to organ failure and death. Therefore, understanding of the complex inflammatory multiple player responses and their cellular metabolisms facilitates the latest insights and brings novel therapeutic methods for early diseases and modern health challenges. This review discusses the recent advances in molecular interactions of immune cells, controlled shift of pro- to anti-inflammation, reparative inflammatory metabolisms in tissue regeneration, controlling of an unfavorable microenvironment, dysregulated inflammatory diseases, and emerging therapeutic strategies including the use of biomaterials, which expand therapeutic views and briefly denote important gaps that are still prevailing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rani Mata
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.,Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yuejun Yao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Wangbei Cao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jie Ding
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Tong Zhou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Zihe Zhai
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Changyou Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.,Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Dai YW, Lu XJ, Jiang R, Lu JF, Yang GJ, Chen J. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α involved in macrophage regulation in ayu (Plecoglossus altivelis) under hypoxia. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2021; 254:110575. [PMID: 33609806 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2021.110575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) plays a critical role in immune and inflammatory responses and is important in controlling a variety of processes in monocytes and macrophages. However, the role of HIF-1α in the teleost immune system remains less known. In this study, we cloned the cDNA sequence of HIF-1α from the ayu (Plecoglossus altivelis, PaHIF-1α). Sequence and phylogenetic tree analysis showed that PaHIF-1α clustered within the fish HIF-1α tree and was closely related to that of Northern pike (Esox lucius). PaHIF-1α was expressed in all tested tissues and expression increased in liver, head kidney, and body kidney upon Vibrio anguillarum infection. PaHIF-1α was found to regulate the expression of cytokines in ayu monocytes/macrophages (MO/MФ). PaHIF-1α mediated hypoxia-induced enhancement of MO/MФ phagocytic and bactericidal activities to enhance host defenses. Compared with the control, intermittent hypoxia further increased the expression of PaHIF-1α mRNA, improved the survival rate, and reduced the bacterial load of V. anguillarum-infected ayu. Therefore, PaHIF-1α may play a predominant role in the modulation of ayu MO/MФ function.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Wu Dai
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Xin-Jiang Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), China.
| | - Rui Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Jian-Fei Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Guan-Jun Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Jiong Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.
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Luvanda MK, Posch W, Vosper J, Zaderer V, Noureen A, Lass-Flörl C, Wilflingseder D. Dexamethasone Promotes Aspergillus fumigatus Growth in Macrophages by Triggering M2 Repolarization via Targeting PKM2. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:70. [PMID: 33498318 PMCID: PMC7909285 DOI: 10.3390/jof7020070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Since long-term corticosteroid treatment is associated with emerging opportunistic fungal infections causing high morbidity and mortality in immune-suppressed individuals, here we characterized the impact of dexamethasone (Dex) treatment on Aspergillus fumigatus-related immune modulation. We found by high content screening and flow cytometric analyses that during monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation, as little as 0.1 µg/mL Dex resulted in a shift in macrophage polarization from M1 to M2-like macrophages. This macrophage repolarization mediated via Dex was characterized by significant upregulation of the M2 marker CD163 and downmodulation of M1 markers CD40 and CD86 as well as changes in phenotypic properties and adherence. These Dex-mediated phenotypic alterations were furthermore associated with a metabolic switch in macrophages orchestrated via PKM2. Such treated macrophages lost their ability to prevent Aspergillus fumigatus germination, which was correlated with accelerated fungal growth, destruction of macrophages, and induction of an anti-inflammatory cytokine profile. Taken together, repolarization of macrophages following corticosteroid treatment and concomitant switch to an anti-inflammatory phenotype might play a prominent role in triggering invasive aspergillosis (IA) due to suppression of innate immunological responses necessary to combat extensive fungal outgrowth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maureen K. Luvanda
- Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (M.K.L.); (W.P.); (V.Z.); (A.N.); (C.L.-F.)
| | - Wilfried Posch
- Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (M.K.L.); (W.P.); (V.Z.); (A.N.); (C.L.-F.)
| | - Jonathan Vosper
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria;
| | - Viktoria Zaderer
- Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (M.K.L.); (W.P.); (V.Z.); (A.N.); (C.L.-F.)
| | - Asma Noureen
- Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (M.K.L.); (W.P.); (V.Z.); (A.N.); (C.L.-F.)
| | - Cornelia Lass-Flörl
- Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (M.K.L.); (W.P.); (V.Z.); (A.N.); (C.L.-F.)
| | - Doris Wilflingseder
- Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (M.K.L.); (W.P.); (V.Z.); (A.N.); (C.L.-F.)
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35
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Salloum Z, Lehoux EA, Harper ME, Catelas I. Effects of cobalt and chromium ions on glycolytic flux and the stabilization of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α in macrophages in vitro. J Orthop Res 2021; 39:112-120. [PMID: 32462687 DOI: 10.1002/jor.24758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Implant wear and corrosion have been associated with adverse tissue reactions that can lead to implant failure. Wear and corrosion products are therefore of great clinical concern. For example, Co2+ and Cr3+ originating from CoCrMo-based implants have been shown to induce a proinflammatory response in macrophages in vitro. Previous studies have also shown that the polarization of macrophages by some proinflammatory stimuli is associated with a hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α)-dependent metabolic shift from oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) towards glycolysis. However, the potential of Co2+ and Cr3+ to induce this metabolic shift, which plays a determining role in the proinflammatory response of macrophages, remains largely unexplored. We recently demonstrated that Co2+ , but not Cr3+ , increased oxidative stress and decreased OXPHOS in RAW 264.7 murine macrophages. In the present study, we analyzed the effects of Co2+ and Cr3+ on glycolytic flux and HIF-1α stabilization in the same experimental model. Cells were exposed to 6 to 24 ppm Co2+ or 50 to 250 ppm Cr3+ . Glycolytic flux was determined by analyzing extracellular flux and lactate production, while HIF-1α stabilization was analyzed by immunoblotting. Results showed that Co2+ , and to a lesser extent Cr3+ , increased glycolytic flux; however, only Co2+ acted through HIF-1α stabilization. Overall, these results, together with our previous results showing that Co2+ increases oxidative stress and decreases OXPHOS, suggest that Co2+ (but not Cr3+ ) can induce a HIF-1α-dependent metabolic shift from OXPHOS towards glycolysis in macrophages. This metabolic shift may play an early and pivotal role in the inflammatory response induced by Co2+ in the periprosthetic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeina Salloum
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eric A Lehoux
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mary-Ellen Harper
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Isabelle Catelas
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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36
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O’Brien J, Wendell SG. Electrophile Modulation of Inflammation: A Two-Hit Approach. Metabolites 2020; 10:metabo10110453. [PMID: 33182676 PMCID: PMC7696920 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10110453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrophilic small molecules have gained significant attention over the last decade in the field of covalent drug discovery. Long recognized as mediators of the inflammatory process, recent evidence suggests that electrophiles may modulate the immune response through the regulation of metabolic networks. These molecules function as pleiotropic signaling mediators capable of reversibly reacting with nucleophilic biomolecules, most notably at reactive cysteines. More specifically, electrophiles target critical cysteines in redox regulatory proteins to activate protective pathways such as the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2-Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Nrf2-Keap1) antioxidant signaling pathway while also inhibiting Nuclear Factor κB (NF-κB). During inflammatory states, reactive species broadly alter cell signaling through the oxidation of lipids, amino acids, and nucleic acids, effectively propagating the inflammatory sequence. Subsequent changes in metabolic signaling inform immune cell maturation and effector function. Therapeutic strategies targeting inflammatory pathologies leverage electrophilic drug compounds, in part, because of their documented effect on the redox balance of the cell. With mounting evidence demonstrating the link between redox signaling and metabolism, electrophiles represent ideal therapeutic candidates for the treatment of inflammatory conditions. Through their pleiotropic signaling activity, electrophiles may be used strategically to both directly and indirectly target immune cell metabolism.
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Palmieri EM, McGinity C, Wink DA, McVicar DW. Nitric Oxide in Macrophage Immunometabolism: Hiding in Plain Sight. Metabolites 2020; 10:metabo10110429. [PMID: 33114647 PMCID: PMC7693038 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10110429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitric Oxide (NO) is a soluble endogenous gas with various biological functions like signaling, and working as an effector molecule or metabolic regulator. In response to inflammatory signals, immune myeloid cells, like macrophages, increase production of cytokines and NO, which is important for pathogen killing. Under these proinflammatory circumstances, called “M1”, macrophages undergo a series of metabolic changes including rewiring of their tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Here, we review findings indicating that NO, through its interaction with heme and non-heme metal containing proteins, together with components of the electron transport chain, functions not only as a regulator of cell respiration, but also a modulator of intracellular cell metabolism. Moreover, diverse effects of NO and NO-derived reactive nitrogen species (RNS) involve precise interactions with different targets depending on concentration, temporal, and spatial restrictions. Although the role of NO in macrophage reprogramming has been in evidence for some time, current models have largely minimized its importance. It has, therefore, been hiding in plain sight. A review of the chemical properties of NO, past biochemical studies, and recent publications, necessitates that mechanisms of macrophage TCA reprogramming during stimulation must be re-imagined and re-interpreted as mechanistic results of NO exposure. The revised model of metabolic rewiring we describe here incorporates many early findings regarding NO biochemistry and brings NO out of hiding and to the forefront of macrophages immunometabolism.
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Dang CP, Leelahavanichkul A. Over-expression of miR-223 induces M2 macrophage through glycolysis alteration and attenuates LPS-induced sepsis mouse model, the cell-based therapy in sepsis. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0236038. [PMID: 32658933 PMCID: PMC7357756 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The attenuation of hyper-inflammation in sepsis with the administration of anti-inflammatory macrophages is an interesting adjuvant therapy for sepsis. Because the induction of anti-inflammatory macrophages by microRNA (miR), a regulator of mRNA, has been mentioned, the exploration on miR-induced anti-inflammatory macrophages was performed. The over-expression of miR-223 and miR-146a in RAW264.7 induced M2 macrophage-polarization (anti-inflammatory macrophages) as evaluated by the enhanced expression of Arginase-1 and Fizz. However, miR-223 over-expressed cells demonstrated the more potent anti-inflammatory property against LPS stimulation as lesser iNOS expression, lower supernatant IL-6 and higher supernatant IL-10 compared with miR-146a over-expressed cells. Interestingly, LPS stimulation in miR-223 over-expressed cells, compared with LPS-stimulated control cells, demonstrated lower activity of glycolysis pathway and higher mitochondrial respiration, as evaluated by the extracellular flux analysis, and also down-regulated HIF-1α, an important enzyme of glycolysis pathway. In addition, the administration of miR-223 over-expressed macrophages with IL-4 pre-conditioning, but not IL-4 stimulated control cells, attenuated sepsis severity in LPS injected mice as evaluated by serum creatinine, liver enzymes, lung histology and serum cytokines. In conclusion, miR-223 interfered with the glycolysis pathway through the down-regulation of HIF-1α, resulting in the anti-inflammatory status. The over-expression of miR-223 in macrophages prevented the conversion into M1 macrophage polarization after LPS stimulation. The administration of miR-223 over-expressed macrophages, with IL-4 preconditioning, attenuated sepsis severity in LPS model. Hence, a proof of concept in the induction of anti-inflammatory macrophages through the cell-energy interference for sepsis treatment was proposed as a basis of cell-based therapy in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Phi Dang
- Medical Microbiology, Interdisciplinary and International Program, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Asada Leelahavanichkul
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Translational Research in Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (TRIRU), Department of Microbiology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- * E-mail:
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Rodrigues TS, Alvarez ARP, Gembre AF, Forni MFPDAD, de Melo BMS, Alves Filho JCF, Câmara NOS, Bonato VLD. Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected alveolar epithelial cells modulate dendritic cell function through the HIF-1α-NOS2 axis. J Leukoc Biol 2020; 108:1225-1238. [PMID: 32557929 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3ma0520-113r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis kills more than 1 million people every year, and its control depends on the effective mechanisms of innate immunity, with or without induction of adaptive immune response. We investigated the interaction of type II alveolar epithelial cells (AEC-II) infected by Mycobacterium tuberculosis with dendritic cells (DCs). We hypothesized that the microenvironment generated by this interaction is critical for the early innate response against mycobacteria. We found that AEC-II infected by M. tuberculosis induced DC maturation, which was negatively regulated by HIF-1α-inducible NOS2 axis, and switched DC metabolism from an early and short peak of glycolysis to a low energetic status. However, the infection of DCs by M. tuberculosis up-regulated NOS2 expression and inhibited AEC-II-induced DC maturation. Our study demonstrated, for the first time, that HIF-1α-NOS2 axis plays a negative role in the maturation of DCs during M. tuberculosis infection. Such modulation might be useful for the exploitation of molecular targets to develop new therapeutic strategies against tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Silva Rodrigues
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Flávia Gembre
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | | | - Bruno Marcel Silva de Melo
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | | | - Niels Olsen Saraiva Câmara
- Transplantation Immunology Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vânia Luiza Deperon Bonato
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
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Yu Q, Wang Y, Dong L, He Y, Liu R, Yang Q, Cao Y, Wang Y, Jia A, Bi Y, Liu G. Regulations of Glycolytic Activities on Macrophages Functions in Tumor and Infectious Inflammation. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:287. [PMID: 32596169 PMCID: PMC7303283 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages differentiated into a classically activated (M1) or alternatively activated phenotype (M2) in infection and tumor, but the precise effects of glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) metabolic pathway remain unclear. Herein, the effects of glycolysis or OXPHOS on macrophage polarizations were investigated using a pharmacological approach in mice. 2-Deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) treatments, which blocks the key enzyme hexokinase of glycolysis, efficiently inhibits a specific switch to M1 lineage, decreasing the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and expressions of co-stimulatory molecules associated with relieving infectious inflammation in vitro and in vivo. Glycolytic activation through the hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) pathway was required for differentiation to the M1 phenotype, which conferred protection against infection. Dimethyl malonate (DMM) treatment, which blocks the key element succinate of OXPHOS, efficiently inhibits a specific switch to M2 lineage when macrophages receiving M2 stimulation, decreasing the secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokine and CD206 expressions. Mitochondrial dynamic alterations including mitochondrial mass, mitochondrial membrane potential (Dym) and ROS productions were critically for differentiation to the M2 phenotype, which conferred protection against anti-tumor immunity. Glycolysis is also required for macrophage M2 differentiation. Thus, these data provide a basis for a comprehensively understanding the role of glycolysis and OXPHOS in macrophage differentiation during anti-infection and anti-tumor inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Yu
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yufei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Dong
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying He
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruichen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiuli Yang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yejin Cao
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuexin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Anna Jia
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yujing Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Guangwei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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Troha K, Ayres JS. Metabolic Adaptations to Infections at the Organismal Level. Trends Immunol 2020; 41:113-125. [PMID: 31959515 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2019.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Revised: 12/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic processes occurring during host-microbiota-pathogen interactions can favorably or negatively influence host survival during infection. Defining the metabolic needs of the three players, the mechanisms through which they acquire nutrients, and whether each participant cooperates or competes with each other to meet their own metabolic demands during infection has the potential to reveal new approaches to treat disease. Here, we review topical findings in organismal metabolism and infection and highlight four emerging lines of investigation: how host-microbiota metabolic partnerships protect against infection; competition for glucose between host and pathogen; significance of infection-induced anorexia; and redefinition of the role of iron during infection. We also discuss how these discoveries shape our understanding of infection biology and their likely therapeutic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Troha
- Molecular and Systems Physiology Laboratory, Gene Expression Laboratory, Nomis Center for Immunobiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Janelle S Ayres
- Molecular and Systems Physiology Laboratory, Gene Expression Laboratory, Nomis Center for Immunobiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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Transcriptomic Profiles of Monocyte-Derived Macrophages in Response to Escherichia coli is Associated with the Host Genetics. Sci Rep 2020; 10:271. [PMID: 31937813 PMCID: PMC6959288 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-57089-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive Nitrogen Species (RNS) are a group of bactericidal molecules produced by macrophages in response to pathogens in a process called oxidative burst. Nitric oxide (NO-) is a member of RNS produced from arginine by inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase (iNOS) enzyme. The activity of iNOS and production of NO- by macrophages following stimulation is one of the indicators of macrophage polarization towards M1/proinflammatory. Production of NO- by bovine monocyte-derived macrophage (MDM) and mouse peritoneal macrophages has been shown to be strongly associated with host genetic with the heritability of 0.776 in bovine MDM and 0.8 in mouse peritoneal macrophages. However, the mechanism of genetic regulation of macrophage response has remained less explored. In the current study, the transcriptome of bovine MDMs was compared between two extreme phenotypes that had been classified as high and low responder based on NO- production. The results showed that 179 and 392 genes were differentially expressed (DE) between high and low responder groups at 3 and 18 hours after exposure to Escherichia coli, respectively. A set of 11 Transcription Factors (TFs) (STAT1, IRF7, SPI1, STAT4, IRF1, HIF1A, FOXO3, REL, NFAT5, HIC1, and IRF4) at 3 hours and a set of 13 TFs (STAT1, IRF1, HIF1A, STAT4, ATF4, TP63, EGR1, CDKN2A, RBL1, E2F1, PRDM1, GATA3, and IRF4) at 18 hours after exposure to E. coli were identified to be differentially regulated between the high and low responder phenotypes. These TFs were found to be divided into two clusters of inflammatory- and hypoxia-related TFs. Functional analysis revealed that some key canonical pathways such as phagocytosis, chemotaxis, antigen presentation, and cell-to-cell signalling are enriched among the over-expressed genes by high responder phenotype. Based on the results of this study, it was inferred that the functional characteristics of bovine MDMs are associated with NO-based classification. Since NO- production is strongly associated with host genetics, this study for the first time shows the distinct proinflammatory profiles of macrophages are controlled by the natural genetic polymorphism in an outbred population. In addition, the results suggest that genetics can be considered as a new dimension in the current model of macrophage polarization which is currently described by the combination of stimulants, only.
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Izquierdo HM, Brandi P, Gómez MJ, Conde-Garrosa R, Priego E, Enamorado M, Martínez-Cano S, Sánchez I, Conejero L, Jimenez-Carretero D, Martín-Puig S, Guilliams M, Sancho D. Von Hippel-Lindau Protein Is Required for Optimal Alveolar Macrophage Terminal Differentiation, Self-Renewal, and Function. Cell Rep 2019; 24:1738-1746. [PMID: 30110631 PMCID: PMC6113928 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The rapid transit from hypoxia to normoxia in the lung that follows the first breath in newborn mice coincides with alveolar macrophage (AM) differentiation. However, whether sensing of oxygen affects AM maturation and function has not been previously explored. We have generated mice whose AMs show a deficient ability to sense oxygen after birth by deleting Vhl, a negative regulator of HIF transcription factors, in the CD11c compartment (CD11cΔVhl mice). VHL-deficient AMs show an immature-like phenotype and an impaired self-renewal capacity in vivo that persists upon culture ex vivo. VHL-deficient phenotype is intrinsic in AMs derived from monocyte precursors in mixed bone marrow chimeras. Moreover, unlike control Vhlfl/fl, AMs from CD11cΔVhl mice do not reverse pulmonary alveolar proteinosis when transplanted into Csf2rb−/− mice, demonstrating that VHL contributes to AM-mediated surfactant clearance. Thus, our results suggest that optimal AM terminal differentiation, self-renewal, and homeostatic function requires their intact oxygen-sensing capacity. Hypoxia and glycolysis signatures are downregulated during alveolar macrophage maturation VHL-deficient alveolar macrophages induce HIF-target genes and are more glycolytic VHL-deficient alveolar macrophages show an intrinsic immature-like phenotype VHL promotes alveolar macrophage self-renewal and surfactant clearance capacity
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena M Izquierdo
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Paola Brandi
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Manuel-José Gómez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Ruth Conde-Garrosa
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Elena Priego
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Michel Enamorado
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Sarai Martínez-Cano
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Iria Sánchez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Laura Conejero
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | | | - Silvia Martín-Puig
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Martin Guilliams
- Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Ontogeny and Functional Specialisation, VIB-UGhent Centre for Inflammation Research, Ghent 9052, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - David Sancho
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid 28029, Spain.
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HIF1α-Dependent Metabolic Signals Control the Differentiation of Follicular Helper T Cells. Cells 2019; 8:cells8111450. [PMID: 31744227 PMCID: PMC6912655 DOI: 10.3390/cells8111450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Follicular helper T (TFH) cells are critical for germinal center (GC) formation and are responsible for effective B cell-mediated immunity; metabolic signaling is an important regulatory mechanism for the differentiation of TFH cells. However, the precise roles of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) 1α-dependent glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) metabolic signaling remain unclear in TFH cell differentiation. Herein, we investigated the effects of glycolysis and OXPHOS on TFH cell differentiation and GC responses using a pharmacological approach in mice under a steady immune status or an activated immune status, which can be caused by foreign antigen stimulation and viral infection. GC and TFH cell responses are related to signals from glycolytic metabolism in mice of different ages. Foreign, specific antigen-induced GC, and TFH cell responses and metabolic signals are essential upon PR8 infection. Glycolysis and succinate-mediated OXPHOS are required for the GC response and TFH cell differentiation. Furthermore, HIF1α is responsible for glycolysis- and OXPHOS-induced alterations in the GC response and TFH cell differentiation under steady or activated conditions in vivo. Blocking glycolysis and upregulating OXPHOS signaling significantly recovered TFH cell differentiation upon PR8 infection and ameliorated inflammatory damage in mice. Thus, our data provide a comprehensive experimental basis for fully understanding the precise roles of HIF1α-mediated glycolysis and OXPHOS metabolic signaling in regulating the GC response and TFH cell differentiation during stable physiological conditions or an antiviral immune response.
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The HIF-1α/LC3-II Axis Impacts Fungal Immunity in Human Macrophages. Infect Immun 2019; 87:IAI.00125-19. [PMID: 31036602 PMCID: PMC6589057 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00125-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The fungal pathogen Histoplasma capsulatum causes a spectrum of disease, ranging from local pulmonary infection to disseminated disease. The organism seeks residence in macrophages, which are permissive for its survival. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α), a principal regulator of innate immunity to pathogens, is necessary for macrophage-mediated immunity to H. capsulatum in mice. In the present study, we analyzed the effect of HIF-1α in human macrophages infected with this fungus. HIF-1α stabilization was detected in peripheral blood monocyte-derived macrophages at 2 to 24 h after infection with viable yeast cells. Further, host mitochondrial respiration and glycolysis were enhanced. In contrast, heat-killed yeasts induced early, but not later, stabilization of HIF-1α. Since the absence of HIF-1α is detrimental to host control of infection, we asked if large amounts of HIF-1α protein, exceeding those induced by H. capsulatum, altered macrophage responses to this pathogen. Exposure of infected macrophages to an HIF-1α stabilizer significantly reduced recovery of H. capsulatum from macrophages and produced a decrement in mitochondrial respiration and glycolysis compared to those of controls. We observed recruitment of the autophagy-related protein LC3-II to the phagosome, whereas enhancing HIF-1α reduced phagosomal decoration. This finding suggested that H. capsulatum exploited an autophagic process to survive. In support of this assertion, inhibition of autophagy activated macrophages to limit intracellular growth of H. capsulatum Thus, enhancement of HIF-1α creates a hostile environment for yeast cells in human macrophages by interrupting the ability of the pathogen to provoke host cell autophagy.
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HIF1 α-Induced Glycolysis in Macrophage Is Essential for the Protective Effect of Ouabain during Endotoxemia. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:7136585. [PMID: 31182997 PMCID: PMC6512009 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7136585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2018] [Revised: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Ouabain, a steroid binding to the Na+/K+-ATPase, has several pharmacological effects. In addition to the recognized effects of blood pressure, there is more convincing evidence suggesting that ouabain is involved in immunologic functions and inflammation. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) is a metabolic regulator which plays a considerable role in immune responses. Previous studies had shown that HIF-1α-induced glycolysis results in functional reshaping in macrophages. In this study, we investigated the role of glycolytic pathway activation in the anti-inflammatory effect of ouabain. We found that ouabain is involved in anti-inflammatory effects both in vivo and in vitro. Additionally, ouabain can inhibit LPS-induced upregulation of GLUT1 and HK2 at the transcriptional level. GM-CSF pretreatment almost completely reversed the inhibitory effect of ouabain on LPS-induced release of proinflammatory cytokines. Alterations in glycolytic pathway activation were required for the anti-inflammatory effect of ouabain. Ouabain can significantly inhibit the upregulation of HIF-1α at the protein level. Our results also revealed that the overexpression of HIF-1α can reverse the anti-inflammatory effect of ouabain. Thus, we conclude that the HIF-1α-dependent glycolytic pathway is essential for the anti-inflammatory effect of ouabain.
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Li Y, Jia A, Wang Y, Dong L, Wang Y, He Y, Wang S, Cao Y, Yang H, Bi Y, Liu G. Immune effects of glycolysis or oxidative phosphorylation metabolic pathway in protecting against bacterial infection. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:20298-20309. [PMID: 30972784 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 02/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The metabolism of immune cells reprograms inflammatory responses to protect against infection by pathogenic microorganisms, but the immune effects of glycolysis and the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) metabolic pathway remain unclear. Herein, the effects of glycolysis or OXPHOS on the neutrophils and T cells were investigated using a pharmacological approach in mice. 2-Deoxy-d-glucose (2-DG), which blocks the key enzyme hexokinase of glycolysis, and dimethyl malonate (DMM), which blocks the key element succinate of OXPHOS, both efficiently expanded the population of neutrophils, but significantly inhibited tumor necrosis factor a secretion and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. These compounds also effectively inhibited the differentiation of type 1 T helper cells (Th1) but had no effects on the differentiation of type 2 T helper cells (Th2) and regulatory T cells. A study of the underlying mechanism showed that hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF1α) was an upstream signal in the regulation of glycolysis, but not OXPHOS. In thioglycolate broth-induced neutrophil peritonitis, blockade of glycolysis or OXPHOS efficiently expanded the population of neutrophils, but diminished their abilities to secrete proinflammatory factors, produce ROS, and phagocytose bacteria. In Listeria monocytogenes bacteria-infected mice, 2-DG or DMM treatment consistently inhibited antibacterial activity and Th1 function. Thus, our results provide a basis for comprehensively understanding the role of glycolysis and OXPHOS in anti-infectious immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Anna Jia
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuexin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Dong
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yufei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying He
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Shiyao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yejin Cao
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yujing Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Guangwei Liu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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49
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Wang S, Liu R, Yu Q, Dong L, Bi Y, Liu G. Metabolic reprogramming of macrophages during infections and cancer. Cancer Lett 2019; 452:14-22. [PMID: 30905817 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In response to different microenvironmental stimuli, macrophages are polarized into two populations, M1 macrophages which are classically activated by interferon (IFN)-γ with lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) and M2 macrophages which are alternatively activated by interleukin-4 (IL-4), to perform specific roles in innate immune responses. Accordingly, macrophages occupy distinct metabolic profiles, regulated by orchestrated factors and signaling pathways, including the PI3K-AKT, HIF, c-Myc, AMPK, and PPARs pathways. These factors and pathways play pivotal roles not only in metabolic regulation but also in macrophage polarization. After activation, classically activated M1 macrophages and alternatively activated M2 macrophages display distinct patterns in glucose, lipid, amino acid and iron metabolism. Here, we summarized recently discovered metabolism-related inflammatory signaling factors, along with reprogrammed metabolism, after the activation of macrophages under conditions related to immunity and cancer. Additionally, macrophage regulatory roles in infectious diseases, cancer progression and anti-cancer immunotherapy are discussed in terms of metabolic profiles, providing insight into the prevention and treatment of immune-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Ruichen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Qing Yu
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Lin Dong
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yujing Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China.
| | - Guangwei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
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50
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McIntosh A, Mela V, Harty C, Minogue AM, Costello DA, Kerskens C, Lynch MA. Iron accumulation in microglia triggers a cascade of events that leads to altered metabolism and compromised function in APP/PS1 mice. Brain Pathol 2019; 29:606-621. [PMID: 30661261 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.12704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the changes that typify Alzheimer's disease (AD) are neuroinflammation and microglial activation, amyloid deposition perhaps resulting from compromised microglial function and iron accumulation. Data from Genome Wide Association Studies (GWAS) identified a number of gene variants that endow a significant risk of developing AD and several of these encode proteins expressed in microglia and proteins that are implicated in the immune response. This suggests that neuroinflammation and the accompanying microglial activation are likely to contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease. The trigger(s) leading to these changes remain to be identified. In this study, we set out to examine the link between the inflammatory, metabolic and iron-retentive signature of microglia in vitro and in transgenic mice that overexpress the amyloid precursor protein (APP) and presenilin 1 (PS1; APP/PS1 mice), a commonly used animal model of AD. Stimulation of cultured microglia with interferon (IFN)γ and amyloid-β (Aβ) induced an inflammatory phenotype and switched the metabolic profile and iron handling of microglia so that the cells became glycolytic and iron retentive, and the phagocytic and chemotactic function of the cells was reduced. Analysis of APP/PS1 mice by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed genotype-related hypointense areas in the hippocampus consistent with iron deposition, and immunohistochemical analysis indicated that the iron accumulated in microglia, particularly in microglia that decorated Aβ deposits. Isolated microglia prepared from APP/PS1 mice were characterized by a switch to a glycolytic and iron-retentive phenotype and phagocytosis of Aβ was reduced in these cells. This evidence suggests that the switch to glycolysis in microglia may kick-start a cascade of events that ultimately leads to microglial dysfunction and Aβ accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison McIntosh
- Trinity College Institute for Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Virginia Mela
- Trinity College Institute for Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Conor Harty
- Trinity College Institute for Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Aedin M Minogue
- Trinity College Institute for Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Derek A Costello
- Trinity College Institute for Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Christian Kerskens
- Trinity College Institute for Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Marina A Lynch
- Trinity College Institute for Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
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