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Fallert L, Urigoitia-Asua A, Cipitria A, Jimenez de Aberasturi D. Dynamic 3D in vitro lung models: applications of inorganic nanoparticles for model development and characterization. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:10880-10900. [PMID: 38787741 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr06672j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Being a vital organ exposed to the external environment, the lung is susceptible to a plethora of pathogens and pollutants. This is reflected in high incidences of chronic respiratory diseases, which remain a leading cause of mortality world-wide and pose a persistent global burden. It is thus of paramount importance to improve our understanding of these pathologies and provide better therapeutic options. This necessitates the development of representative and physiologically relevant in vitro models. Advances in bioengineering have enabled the development of sophisticated models that not only capture the three-dimensional architecture of the cellular environment but also incorporate the dynamics of local biophysical stimuli. However, such complex models also require novel approaches that provide reliable characterization. Within this review we explore how 3D bioprinting and nanoparticles can serve as multifaceted tools to develop such dynamic 4D printed in vitro lung models and facilitate their characterization in the context of pulmonary fibrosis and breast cancer lung metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Fallert
- Department of Hybrid Biofunctional Materials, CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramon 194, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
- Group of Bioengineering in Regeneration and Cancer, Biogipuzkoa Health Research Institute, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of the Basque Country, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Ane Urigoitia-Asua
- Department of Hybrid Biofunctional Materials, CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramon 194, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of the Basque Country, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- POLYMAT, Basque Centre for Macromolecular Design and Engineering, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Amaia Cipitria
- Group of Bioengineering in Regeneration and Cancer, Biogipuzkoa Health Research Institute, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Dorleta Jimenez de Aberasturi
- Department of Hybrid Biofunctional Materials, CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramon 194, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN, ISCIII), 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
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Sneider A, Liu Y, Starich B, Du W, Nair PR, Marar C, Faqih N, Ciotti GE, Kim JH, Krishnan S, Ibrahim S, Igboko M, Locke A, Lewis DM, Hong H, Karl MN, Vij R, Russo GC, Gómez-de-Mariscal E, Habibi M, Muñoz-Barrutia A, Gu L, Eisinger-Mathason TK, Wirtz D. Small Extracellular Vesicles Promote Stiffness-mediated Metastasis. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 4:1240-1252. [PMID: 38630893 PMCID: PMC11080964 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-23-0431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Tissue stiffness is a critical prognostic factor in breast cancer and is associated with metastatic progression. Here we show an alternative and complementary hypothesis of tumor progression whereby physiologic matrix stiffness affects the quantity and protein cargo of small extracellular vesicles (EV) produced by cancer cells, which in turn aid cancer cell dissemination. Primary patient breast tissue released by cancer cells on matrices that model human breast tumors (25 kPa; stiff EVs) feature increased adhesion molecule presentation (ITGα2β1, ITGα6β4, ITGα6β1, CD44) compared with EVs from softer normal tissue (0.5 kPa; soft EVs), which facilitates their binding to extracellular matrix proteins including collagen IV, and a 3-fold increase in homing ability to distant organs in mice. In a zebrafish xenograft model, stiff EVs aid cancer cell dissemination. Moreover, normal, resident lung fibroblasts treated with stiff and soft EVs change their gene expression profiles to adopt a cancer-associated fibroblast phenotype. These findings show that EV quantity, cargo, and function depend heavily on the mechanical properties of the extracellular microenvironment. SIGNIFICANCE Here we show that the quantity, cargo, and function of breast cancer-derived EVs vary with mechanical properties of the extracellular microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Sneider
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins Physical Sciences–Oncology Center and Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ying Liu
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Penn Sarcoma Program, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Bartholomew Starich
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins Physical Sciences–Oncology Center and Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Wenxuan Du
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins Physical Sciences–Oncology Center and Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Praful R. Nair
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins Physical Sciences–Oncology Center and Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Carolyn Marar
- Johns Hopkins Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Najwa Faqih
- Johns Hopkins Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Gabrielle E. Ciotti
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Penn Sarcoma Program, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Joo Ho Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Sejal Krishnan
- Johns Hopkins Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Salma Ibrahim
- Johns Hopkins Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Muna Igboko
- Johns Hopkins Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Alexus Locke
- Johns Hopkins Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Daniel M. Lewis
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins Physical Sciences–Oncology Center and Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Hanna Hong
- Johns Hopkins Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Michelle N. Karl
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins Physical Sciences–Oncology Center and Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Raghav Vij
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Gabriella C. Russo
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins Physical Sciences–Oncology Center and Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Estibaliz Gómez-de-Mariscal
- Bioengineering and Aerospace Engineering Department, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Leganés, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mehran Habibi
- Johns Hopkins Breast Center, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Arrate Muñoz-Barrutia
- Bioengineering and Aerospace Engineering Department, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Leganés, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luo Gu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - T.S. Karin Eisinger-Mathason
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Penn Sarcoma Program, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Denis Wirtz
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins Physical Sciences–Oncology Center and Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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3
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Sneider A, Liu Y, Starich B, Du W, Marar C, Faqih N, Ciotti GE, Kim JH, Krishnan S, Ibrahim S, Igboko M, Locke A, Lewis DM, Hong H, Karl M, Vij R, Russo GC, Nair P, Gómez-de-Mariscal E, Habibi M, Muñoz-Barrutia A, Gu L, Eisinger-Mathason TSK, Wirtz D. Small extracellular vesicles promote stiffness-mediated metastasis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.07.01.545937. [PMID: 37425743 PMCID: PMC10327142 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.01.545937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Tissue stiffness is a critical prognostic factor in breast cancer and is associated with metastatic progression. Here we show an alternative and complementary hypothesis of tumor progression whereby physiological matrix stiffness affects the quantity and protein cargo of small EVs produced by cancer cells, which in turn drive their metastasis. Primary patient breast tissue produces significantly more EVs from stiff tumor tissue than soft tumor adjacent tissue. EVs released by cancer cells on matrices that model human breast tumors (25 kPa; stiff EVs) feature increased adhesion molecule presentation (ITGα 2 β 1 , ITGα 6 β 4 , ITGα 6 β 1 , CD44) compared to EVs from softer normal tissue (0.5 kPa; soft EVs), which facilitates their binding to extracellular matrix (ECM) protein collagen IV, and a 3-fold increase in homing ability to distant organs in mice. In a zebrafish xenograft model, stiff EVs aid cancer cell dissemination through enhanced chemotaxis. Moreover, normal, resident lung fibroblasts treated with stiff and soft EVs change their gene expression profiles to adopt a cancer associated fibroblast (CAF) phenotype. These findings show that EV quantity, cargo, and function depend heavily on the mechanical properties of the extracellular microenvironment.
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4
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Piglionico SS, Varga B, Pall O, Romieu O, Gergely C, Cuisinier F, Levallois B, Panayotov IV. Biomechanical characterization of a fibrinogen-blood hydrogel for human dental pulp regeneration. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:6919-6930. [PMID: 37655620 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm00515a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
In dental practice, Regenerative Endodontic Treatment (RET) is applied as an alternative to classical endodontic treatments of immature necrotic teeth. This procedure, also known as dental pulp revitalization, relies on the formation of a blood clot inside the root canal leading to the formation of a reparative vascularized tissue similar to dental pulp, which would provide vitality to the affected tooth. Despite the benefit of this technique, it lacks reproducibility due to the fast degradation and poor mechanical properties of blood clots. This work presents a method for constructing a fibrinogen-blood hydrogel that mimics the viscoelastic properties of human dental pulp while preserving the biological properties of blood for application in RET. By varying the blood and fibrinogen concentrations, gels with different biomechanical and biological properties were obtained. Rheology and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were combined to study the viscoelastic properties. AFM was used to evaluate the elasticity of human dental pulp. The degradation and swelling rates were assessed by measuring weight changes. The biomimetic properties of the gels were demonstrated by studying the cell survival and proliferation of dental pulp cells (DPCs) for 14 days. The formation of an extracellular matrix (ECM) was assessed by multiphoton microscopy (MPM). The angiogenic potential was evaluated by an ex vivo aortic ring assay, in which the endothelial cells were observed by histological staining after migration. The results show that the Fbg-blood gel prepared with 9 mg ml-1 fibrinogen and 50% blood of the Fbg solution volume has similar elasticity to human dental pulp and adequate degradation and swelling rates. It also allows cell survival and ECM secretion and enhances endothelial cell migration and formation of neovessel-like structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Silvia Piglionico
- LBN, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
- Centro de Investigaciones Odontológicas, National University of Cuyo, Argentina
| | - Bela Varga
- L2C, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France.
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Nizamoglu M, Joglekar MM, Almeida CR, Larsson Callerfelt AK, Dupin I, Guenat OT, Henrot P, van Os L, Otero J, Elowsson L, Farre R, Burgess JK. Innovative three-dimensional models for understanding mechanisms underlying lung diseases: powerful tools for translational research. Eur Respir Rev 2023; 32:230042. [PMID: 37495250 PMCID: PMC10369168 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0042-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic lung diseases result from alteration and/or destruction of lung tissue, inevitably causing decreased breathing capacity and quality of life for patients. While animal models have paved the way for our understanding of pathobiology and the development of therapeutic strategies for disease management, their translational capacity is limited. There is, therefore, a well-recognised need for innovative in vitro models to reflect chronic lung diseases, which will facilitate mechanism investigation and the advancement of new treatment strategies. In the last decades, lungs have been modelled in healthy and diseased conditions using precision-cut lung slices, organoids, extracellular matrix-derived hydrogels and lung-on-chip systems. These three-dimensional models together provide a wide spectrum of applicability and mimicry of the lung microenvironment. While each system has its own limitations, their advantages over traditional two-dimensional culture systems, or even over animal models, increases the value of in vitro models. Generating new and advanced models with increased translational capacity will not only benefit our understanding of the pathobiology of lung diseases but should also shorten the timelines required for discovery and generation of new therapeutics. This article summarises and provides an outline of the European Respiratory Society research seminar "Innovative 3D models for understanding mechanisms underlying lung diseases: powerful tools for translational research", held in Lisbon, Portugal, in April 2022. Current in vitro models developed for recapitulating healthy and diseased lungs are outlined and discussed with respect to the challenges associated with them, efforts to develop best practices for model generation, characterisation and utilisation of models and state-of-the-art translational potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Nizamoglu
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen, The Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Groningen, The Netherlands
- Both authors contributed equally
| | - Mugdha M Joglekar
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen, The Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Groningen, The Netherlands
- Both authors contributed equally
| | - Catarina R Almeida
- Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | | | - Isabelle Dupin
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, France
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Olivier T Guenat
- Organs-on-Chip Technologies, ARTORG Center for Biomedical Engineering Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University Hospital of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Pauline Henrot
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, France
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, Pessac, France
- Service d'exploration fonctionnelle respiratoire, CHU de Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Lisette van Os
- Organs-on-Chip Technologies, ARTORG Center for Biomedical Engineering Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jorge Otero
- Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain
| | - Linda Elowsson
- Lung Biology, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ramon Farre
- Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain
- Institut Investigacions Biomediques August Pi Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Janette K Burgess
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen, The Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Groningen, The Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, W.J. Kolff Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Materials Science-FB41, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Park JYC, King A, Björk V, English BW, Fedintsev A, Ewald CY. Strategic outline of interventions targeting extracellular matrix for promoting healthy longevity. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2023; 325:C90-C128. [PMID: 37154490 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00060.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM), composed of interlinked proteins outside of cells, is an important component of the human body that helps maintain tissue architecture and cellular homeostasis. As people age, the ECM undergoes changes that can lead to age-related morbidity and mortality. Despite its importance, ECM aging remains understudied in the field of geroscience. In this review, we discuss the core concepts of ECM integrity, outline the age-related challenges and subsequent pathologies and diseases, summarize diagnostic methods detecting a faulty ECM, and provide strategies targeting ECM homeostasis. To conceptualize this, we built a technology research tree to hierarchically visualize possible research sequences for studying ECM aging. This strategic framework will hopefully facilitate the development of future research on interventions to restore ECM integrity, which could potentially lead to the development of new drugs or therapeutic interventions promoting health during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Young Cecilia Park
- Laboratory of Extracellular Matrix Regeneration, Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Aaron King
- Foresight Institute, San Francisco, California, United States
| | | | - Bradley W English
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | | | - Collin Y Ewald
- Laboratory of Extracellular Matrix Regeneration, Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
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Rosmark O, Kadefors M, Dellgren G, Karlsson C, Ericsson A, Lindstedt S, Malmström J, Hallgren O, Larsson-Callerfelt AK, Westergren-Thorsson G. Alveolar epithelial cells are competent producers of interstitial extracellular matrix with disease relevant plasticity in a human in vitro 3D model. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8801. [PMID: 37258541 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35011-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Alveolar epithelial cells (AEC) have been implicated in pathological remodelling. We examined the capacity of AEC to produce extracellular matrix (ECM) and thereby directly contribute towards remodelling in chronic lung diseases. Cryopreserved type 2 AEC (AEC2) from healthy lungs and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) afflicted lungs were cultured in decellularized healthy human lung slices for 13 days. Healthy-derived AEC2 were treated with transforming growth factor ß1 (TGF-β1) to evaluate the plasticity of their ECM production. Evaluation of phenotypic markers and expression of matrisome genes and proteins were evaluated by RNA-sequencing, mass spectrometry and immunohistochemistry. The AEC2 displayed an AEC marker profile similar to freshly isolated AEC2 throughout the 13-day culture period. COPD-derived AECs proliferated as healthy AECs with few differences in gene and protein expression while retaining increased expression of disease marker HLA-A. The AEC2 expressed basement membrane components and a complex set of interstitial ECM proteins. TGF-β1 stimuli induced a significant change in interstitial ECM production from AEC2 without loss of specific AEC marker expression. This study reveals a previously unexplored potential of AEC to directly contribute to ECM turnover by producing interstitial ECM proteins, motivating a re-evaluation of the role of AEC2 in pathological lung remodelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oskar Rosmark
- Lung Biology, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, BMC C12, 22184, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Måns Kadefors
- Lung Biology, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, BMC C12, 22184, Lund, Sweden
| | - Göran Dellgren
- Transplant Institute and Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Christofer Karlsson
- Division of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | | | - Johan Malmström
- Division of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Oskar Hallgren
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Al-Rekabi Z, Dondi C, Faruqui N, Siddiqui NS, Elowsson L, Rissler J, Kåredal M, Mudway I, Larsson-Callerfelt AK, Shaw M. Uncovering the cytotoxic effects of air pollution with multi-modal imaging of in vitro respiratory models. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2023; 10:221426. [PMID: 37063998 PMCID: PMC10090883 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.221426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Annually, an estimated seven million deaths are linked to exposure to airborne pollutants. Despite extensive epidemiological evidence supporting clear associations between poor air quality and a range of short- and long-term health effects, there are considerable gaps in our understanding of the specific mechanisms by which pollutant exposure induces adverse biological responses at the cellular and tissue levels. The development of more complex, predictive, in vitro respiratory models, including two- and three-dimensional cell cultures, spheroids, organoids and tissue cultures, along with more realistic aerosol exposure systems, offers new opportunities to investigate the cytotoxic effects of airborne particulates under controlled laboratory conditions. Parallel advances in high-resolution microscopy have resulted in a range of in vitro imaging tools capable of visualizing and analysing biological systems across unprecedented scales of length, time and complexity. This article considers state-of-the-art in vitro respiratory models and aerosol exposure systems and how they can be interrogated using high-resolution microscopy techniques to investigate cell-pollutant interactions, from the uptake and trafficking of particles to structural and functional modification of subcellular organelles and cells. These data can provide a mechanistic basis from which to advance our understanding of the health effects of airborne particulate pollution and develop improved mitigation measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Al-Rekabi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, UK
| | - Camilla Dondi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, UK
| | - Nilofar Faruqui
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, UK
| | - Nazia S. Siddiqui
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University College London, London, UK
- Kingston Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Kingston upon Thames, UK
| | - Linda Elowsson
- Lung Biology, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jenny Rissler
- Bioeconomy and Health, RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Lund, Sweden
- Ergonomics and Aerosol Technology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Monica Kåredal
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ian Mudway
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- National Institute of Health Protection Research Unit in Environmental Exposures and Health, London, UK
- Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, London, UK
| | | | - Michael Shaw
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, UK
- Department of Computer Science, University College London, London, UK
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Li G, Shen C, Wei D, Yang X, Jiang C, Yang X, Mao W, Zou J, Tan J, Chen J. Deficiency of HtrA3 Attenuates Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis Via TGF-β1/Smad Signaling Pathway. Lung 2023; 201:235-242. [PMID: 36823409 DOI: 10.1007/s00408-023-00608-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic progressive interstitial lung disease characterized by excessive extracellular matrix deposition. No effective treatments are currently available for IPF. High-temperature requirement A3 (HtrA3) suppresses tumor development by antagonizing transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signaling; however, little is known about the role of HtrA3 in IPF. This study investigated the role of HtrA3 in IPF and underlying mechanisms. METHODS Lung tissues were collected from patients with IPF and mice with bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis, and HtrA3 expression was measured in tissue samples. Then, HtrA3 gene knockout mice were treated with BLM to induce pulmonary fibrosis and explore the effects and underlying mechanism of HtrA3 on pulmonary fibrosis. RESULTS HtrA3 was up-regulated in the lung tissues of patients with IPF and the pulmonary fibrotic mouse model compared to corresponding control groups. HtrA3 knockout decreased pulmonary fibrosis-related protein expression, alleviated the symptoms of pulmonary fibrosis, and inhibited epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in BLM-induced lung tissue compared with BLM-induced wild-type mice. The TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway was activated in fibrotic lung tissue, whereas HtrA3 knockout inhibited this pathway. CONCLUSION The expression level of HtrA3 is increased in fibrotic lungs. HtrA3 knockout alleviates the symptoms of pulmonary fibrosis probably via the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway. Therefore, HtrA3 inhibition is a potential therapeutic target for pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guirong Li
- Wuxi Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 299 QingYang Road, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China. .,Center of Clinical Research, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 299 QingYang Road, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chenyou Shen
- Wuxi Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 299 QingYang Road, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Wei
- Wuxi Lung Transplantation Center, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 299 QingYang Road, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xusheng Yang
- Wuxi Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 299 QingYang Road, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Jiang
- Wuxi Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 299 QingYang Road, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiucheng Yang
- Wuxi Lung Transplantation Center, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 299 QingYang Road, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjun Mao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 299 QingYang Road, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Zou
- Center of Clinical Research, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 299 QingYang Road, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianxin Tan
- Wuxi Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 299 QingYang Road, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingyu Chen
- Wuxi Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 299 QingYang Road, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China. .,Wuxi Lung Transplantation Center, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 299 QingYang Road, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Li Z, Wang S, Zhao H, Yan P, Yuan H, Zhao M, Wan R, Yu G, Wang L. Artificial neural network identified the significant genes to distinguish Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1225. [PMID: 36681777 PMCID: PMC9867697 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28536-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive interstitial lung disease that causes irreversible damage to lung tissue characterized by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) and remodeling of lung parenchyma. The current diagnosis of IPF is complex and usually completed by a multidisciplinary team including clinicians, radiologists and pathologists they work together and make decision for an effective treatment, it is imperative to introduce novel practical methods for IPF diagnosis. This study provided a new diagnostic model of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis based on machine learning. Six genes including CDH3, DIO2, ADAMTS14, HS6ST2, IL13RA2, and IGFL2 were identified based on the differentially expressed genes in IPF patients compare to healthy subjects through a random forest classifier with the existing gene expression databases. An artificial neural network model was constructed for IPF diagnosis based these genes, and this model was validated by the distinctive public datasets with a satisfactory diagnostic accuracy. These six genes identified were significant correlated with lung function, and among them, CDH3 and DIO2 were further determined to be significantly associated with the survival. Putting together, artificial neural network model identified the significant genes to distinguish idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis from healthy people and it is potential for molecular diagnosis of IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongzheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists of Pulmonary Fibrosis, College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, 46 Jianshe Road, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, China
| | - Shenghui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists of Pulmonary Fibrosis, College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, 46 Jianshe Road, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, China
| | - Huabin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists of Pulmonary Fibrosis, College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, 46 Jianshe Road, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, China
| | - Peishuo Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists of Pulmonary Fibrosis, College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, 46 Jianshe Road, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, China
| | - Hongmei Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists of Pulmonary Fibrosis, College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, 46 Jianshe Road, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, China
| | - Mengxia Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists of Pulmonary Fibrosis, College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, 46 Jianshe Road, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, China
| | - Ruyan Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists of Pulmonary Fibrosis, College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, 46 Jianshe Road, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, China
| | - Guoying Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists of Pulmonary Fibrosis, College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, 46 Jianshe Road, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, China.
| | - Lan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists of Pulmonary Fibrosis, College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, 46 Jianshe Road, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, China.
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11
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Söderlund Z, Ibáñez-Fonseca A, Hajizadeh S, Rodríguez-Cabello JC, Liu J, Ye L, Tykesson E, Elowsson L, Westergren-Thorsson G. Controlled release of growth factors using synthetic glycosaminoglycans in a modular macroporous scaffold for tissue regeneration. Commun Biol 2022; 5:1349. [PMID: 36482075 PMCID: PMC9732287 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-04305-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Healthy regeneration of tissue relies on a well-orchestrated release of growth factors. Herein, we show the use of synthetic glycosaminoglycans for controlled binding and release of growth factors to induce a desired cellular response. First, we screened glycosaminoglycans with growth factors of interest to determine kon (association rate constant), koff (dissociation rate constant), and Kd (equilibrium rate constant). As proof-of-concept, we functionalized an elastin-like recombinamer (ELR) hydrogel with a synthetic glycosaminoglycan and immobilized fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2), demonstrating that human umbilical vein endothelial cells cultured on top of ELR hydrogel differentiated into tube-like structures. Taking this concept further, we developed a tunable macroporous ELR cryogel material, containing a synthetic glycosaminoglycan and FGF2 that showed increased blood vessel formation and reduced immune response compared to control when implanted in a subcutaneous mouse model. These results demonstrated the possibility for specific release of desired growth factors in/from a modular 3D scaffold in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Söderlund
- Lung Biology, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
| | - A Ibáñez-Fonseca
- Lung Biology, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - S Hajizadeh
- Division Pure and Applied Biochemistry, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - J Liu
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Phamarcy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - L Ye
- Division Pure and Applied Biochemistry, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - E Tykesson
- Lung Biology, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - L Elowsson
- Lung Biology, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - G Westergren-Thorsson
- Lung Biology, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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12
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Rosmark O, Ibáñez-Fonseca A, Thorsson J, Dellgren G, Hallgren O, Larsson Callerfelt AK, Elowsson L, Westergren-Thorsson G. A tunable physiomimetic stretch system evaluated with precision cut lung slices and recellularized human lung scaffolds. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:995460. [PMID: 36263353 PMCID: PMC9574011 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.995460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Breathing exposes lung cells to continual mechanical stimuli, which is part of the microenvironmental signals directing cellular functions together with the extracellular matrix (ECM). Therefore, developing systems that incorporate both stimuli is urgent to fully understand cell behavior. This study aims to introduce a novel in vitro culture methodology combining a cyclic stretch that simulates in vivo breathing with 3D cell culture platforms in the form of decellularized lung slices (DLS) and precision cut lung slices (PCLS). To this end, we have constructed a device that mimics the amplitudes and frequencies of distensions seen in the breathing human lung. For its validation, we cultured H441 lung epithelial cells in human DLS exposed to 16 stretch cycles per minute with a 10% stretch amplitude. Cell viability (resazurin reduction), proliferation (Ki-67) and YAP1 activation were evaluated at 24 and 96 h by immunohistochemistry, while the expression of SFTPB, COL3A1, COL4A3 and LAMA5 was evaluated by qPCR. Cyclic stretch induced an increase in SFTPB expression after 24 h without a concomitant increase in the stretch responsive gene YAP1. Moreover, the ECM milieu lowered the expression of the basement membrane protein genes COL4A3 and LAMA5 compared to tissue culture plastic control cultures, but no effect was observed by the mechanical stimuli. The device also confirmed good compatibility with PCLS culture, showing preserved morphology and metabolism in rat PCLS after 72 h of mechanical stretch. Thus, we present a novel device and methodology for the easy assembling and study of lung tissue slice cultures subjected to physiomimetic mechanical stimuli, which shows promise for future studies of cell and tissue function in a lung ECM milieu with physiological or pathological mechanical stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oskar Rosmark
- Lung Biology, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Arturo Ibáñez-Fonseca
- Lung Biology, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Arturo Ibáñez-Fonseca,
| | - Johan Thorsson
- Lung Biology, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Göran Dellgren
- Transplant Institute and Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Oskar Hallgren
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Linda Elowsson
- Lung Biology, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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13
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hLMSC Secretome Affects Macrophage Activity Differentially Depending on Lung-Mimetic Environments. Cells 2022; 11:cells11121866. [PMID: 35740995 PMCID: PMC9221297 DOI: 10.3390/cells11121866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC)-based therapies for inflammatory diseases rely mainly on the paracrine ability to modulate the activity of macrophages. Despite recent advances, there is scarce information regarding changes of the secretome content attributed to physiomimetic cultures and, especially, how secretome content influence on macrophage activity for therapy. hLMSCs from human donors were cultured on devices developed in house that enabled lung-mimetic strain. hLMSC secretome was analyzed for typical cytokines, chemokines and growth factors. RNA was analyzed for the gene expression of CTGF and CYR61. Human monocytes were differentiated to macrophages and assessed for their phagocytic capacity and for M1/M2 subtypes by the analysis of typical cell surface markers in the presence of hLMSC secretome. CTGF and CYR61 displayed a marked reduction when cultured in lung-derived hydrogels (L-Hydrogels). The secretome showed that lung-derived scaffolds had a distinct secretion while there was a large overlap between L-Hydrogel and the conventionally (2D) cultured samples. Additionally, secretome from L-Scaffold showed an HGF increase, while IL-6 and TNF-α decreased in lung-mimetic environments. Similarly, phagocytosis decreased in a lung-mimetic environment. L-Scaffold showed a decrease of M1 population while stretch upregulated M2b subpopulations. In summary, mechanical features of the lung ECM and stretch orchestrate anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive outcomes of hLMSCs.
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14
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Hu M, Ling Z, Ren X. Extracellular matrix dynamics: tracking in biological systems and their implications. J Biol Eng 2022; 16:13. [PMID: 35637526 PMCID: PMC9153193 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-022-00292-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) constitutes the main acellular microenvironment of cells in almost all tissues and organs. The ECM not only provides mechanical support, but also mediates numerous biochemical interactions to guide cell survival, proliferation, differentiation, and migration. Thus, better understanding the everchanging temporal and spatial shifts in ECM composition and structure – the ECM dynamics – will provide fundamental insight regarding extracellular regulation of tissue homeostasis and how tissue states transition from one to another during diverse pathophysiological processes. This review outlines the mechanisms mediating ECM-cell interactions and highlights how changes in the ECM modulate tissue development and disease progression, using the lung as the primary model organ. We then discuss existing methodologies for revealing ECM compositional dynamics, with a particular focus on tracking newly synthesized ECM proteins. Finally, we discuss the ramifications ECM dynamics have on tissue engineering and how to implement spatial and temporal specific extracellular microenvironments into bioengineered tissues. Overall, this review communicates the current capabilities for studying native ECM dynamics and delineates new research directions in discovering and implementing ECM dynamics to push the frontier forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Hu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Zihan Ling
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Xi Ren
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
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15
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Three-dimensional models of the lung: past, present and future: a mini review. Biochem Soc Trans 2022; 50:1045-1056. [PMID: 35411381 DOI: 10.1042/bst20190569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Respiratory diseases are a major reason for death in both men and women worldwide. The development of therapies for these diseases has been slow and the lack of relevant human models to understand lung biology inhibits therapeutic discovery. The lungs are structurally and functionally complex with many different cell types which makes designing relevant lung models particularly challenging. The traditional two-dimensional (2D) cell line cultures are, therefore, not a very accurate representation of the in vivo lung tissue. The recent development of three-dimensional (3D) co-culture systems, popularly known as organoids/spheroids, aims to bridge the gap between 'in-dish' and 'in-tissue' cell behavior. These 3D cultures are modeling systems that are widely divergent in terms of culturing techniques (bottom-up/top-down) that can be developed from stem cells (adult/embryonic/pluripotent stem cells), primary cells or from two or more types of cells, to build a co-culture system. Lung 3D models have diverse applications including the understanding of lung development, lung regeneration, disease modeling, compound screening, and personalized medicine. In this review, we discuss the different techniques currently being used to generate 3D models and their associated cellular and biological materials. We further detail the potential applications of lung 3D cultures for disease modeling and advances in throughput for drug screening.
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16
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Zhang X, Chen X, Hong H, Hu R, Liu J, Liu C. Decellularized extracellular matrix scaffolds: Recent trends and emerging strategies in tissue engineering. Bioact Mater 2022; 10:15-31. [PMID: 34901526 PMCID: PMC8637010 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 233] [Impact Index Per Article: 116.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The application of scaffolding materials is believed to hold enormous potential for tissue regeneration. Despite the widespread application and rapid advance of several tissue-engineered scaffolds such as natural and synthetic polymer-based scaffolds, they have limited repair capacity due to the difficulties in overcoming the immunogenicity, simulating in-vivo microenvironment, and performing mechanical or biochemical properties similar to native organs/tissues. Fortunately, the emergence of decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) scaffolds provides an attractive way to overcome these hurdles, which mimic an optimal non-immune environment with native three-dimensional structures and various bioactive components. The consequent cell-seeded construct based on dECM scaffolds, especially stem cell-recellularized construct, is considered an ideal choice for regenerating functional organs/tissues. Herein, we review recent developments in dECM scaffolds and put forward perspectives accordingly, with particular focus on the concept and fabrication of decellularized scaffolds, as well as the application of decellularized scaffolds and their combinations with stem cells (recellularized scaffolds) in tissue engineering, including skin, bone, nerve, heart, along with lung, liver and kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hua Hong
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
| | - Rubei Hu
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
| | - Jiashang Liu
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
| | - Changsheng Liu
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
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17
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Narciso M, Ulldemolins A, Júnior C, Otero J, Navajas D, Farré R, Gavara N, Almendros I. Novel Decellularization Method for Tissue Slices. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:832178. [PMID: 35356779 PMCID: PMC8959585 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.832178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Decellularization procedures have been developed and optimized for the entire organ or tissue blocks, by either perfusion of decellularizing agents through the tissue’s vasculature or submerging large sections in decellularizing solutions. However, some research aims require the analysis of native as well as decellularized tissue slices side by side, but an optimal protocol has not yet been established to address this need. Thus, the main goal of this work was to develop a fast and efficient decellularization method for tissue slices—with an emphasis on lung—while attached to a glass slide. To this end, different decellularizing agents were compared for their effectiveness in cellular removal while preserving the extracellular matrix. The intensity of DNA staining was taken as an indicator of remaining cells and compared to untreated sections. The presence of collagen, elastin and laminin were quantified using immunostaining and signal quantification. Scaffolds resulting from the optimized protocol were mechanically characterized using atomic force microscopy. Lung scaffolds were recellularized with mesenchymal stromal cells to assess their biocompatibility. Some decellularization agents (CHAPS, triton, and ammonia hydroxide) did not achieve sufficient cell removal. Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) was effective in cell removal (1% remaining DNA signal), but its sharp reduction of elastin signal (only 6% remained) plus lower attachment ratio (32%) singled out sodium deoxycholate (SD) as the optimal treatment for this application (6.5% remaining DNA signal), due to its higher elastin retention (34%) and higher attachment ratio (60%). Laminin and collagen were fully preserved in all treatments. The SD decellularization protocol was also successful for porcine and murine (mice and rat) lungs as well as for other tissues such as the heart, kidney, and bladder. No significant mechanical differences were found before and after sample decellularization. The resulting acellular lung scaffolds were shown to be biocompatible (98% cell survival after 72 h of culture). This novel method to decellularize tissue slices opens up new methodological possibilities to better understand the role of the extracellular matrix in the context of several diseases as well as tissue engineering research and can be easily adapted for scarce samples like clinical biopsies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Narciso
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- The Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Ulldemolins
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Constança Júnior
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- The Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jorge Otero
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- The Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Navajas
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- The Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ramon Farré
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria Gavara
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- The Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isaac Almendros
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
- *Correspondence: Isaac Almendros,
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18
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Moreira A, Müller M, Costa PF, Kohl Y. Advanced In Vitro Lung Models for Drug and Toxicity Screening: The Promising Role of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2021; 6:e2101139. [PMID: 34962104 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202101139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The substantial socioeconomic burden of lung diseases, recently highlighted by the disastrous impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, accentuates the need for interventive treatments capable of decelerating disease progression, limiting organ damage, and contributing to a functional tissue recovery. However, this is hampered by the lack of accurate human lung research models, which currently fail to reproduce the human pulmonary architecture and biochemical environment. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and organ-on-chip (OOC) technologies possess suitable characteristics for the generation of physiologically relevant in vitro lung models, allowing for developmental studies, disease modeling, and toxicological screening. Importantly, these platforms represent potential alternatives for animal testing, according to the 3Rs (replace, reduce, refine) principle, and hold promise for the identification and approval of new chemicals under the European REACH (registration, evaluation, authorization and restriction of chemicals) framework. As such, this review aims to summarize recent progress made in human iPSC- and OOC-based in vitro lung models. A general overview of the present applications of in vitro lung models is presented, followed by a summary of currently used protocols to generate different lung cell types from iPSCs. Lastly, recently developed iPSC-based lung models are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michelle Müller
- Department of Bioprocessing and Bioanalytics, Fraunhofer Institute for Biomedical Engineering IBMT, Joseph-von-Fraunhofer-Weg 1, 66280, Sulzbach, Germany
| | - Pedro F Costa
- BIOFABICS, Rua Alfredo Allen 455, Porto, 4200-135, Portugal
| | - Yvonne Kohl
- Department of Bioprocessing and Bioanalytics, Fraunhofer Institute for Biomedical Engineering IBMT, Joseph-von-Fraunhofer-Weg 1, 66280, Sulzbach, Germany.,Postgraduate Course for Toxicology and Environmental Toxicology, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Johannisallee 28, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
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19
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Kalafatis D, Löfdahl A, Näsman P, Dellgren G, Wheelock ÅM, Elowsson Rendin L, Sköld M, Westergren-Thorsson G. Distal Lung Microenvironment Triggers Release of Mediators Recognized as Potential Systemic Biomarkers for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413421. [PMID: 34948231 PMCID: PMC8704101 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive fibrotic lung disease with an unmet need of biomarkers that can aid in the diagnostic and prognostic assessment of the disease and response to treatment. In this two-part explorative proteomic study, we demonstrate how proteins associated with tissue remodeling, inflammation and chemotaxis such as MMP7, CXCL13 and CCL19 are released in response to aberrant extracellular matrix (ECM) in IPF lung. We used a novel ex vivo model where decellularized lung tissue from IPF patients and healthy donors were repopulated with healthy fibroblasts to monitor locally released mediators. Results were validated in longitudinally collected serum samples from 38 IPF patients and from 77 healthy controls. We demonstrate how proteins elevated in the ex vivo model (e.g., MMP7), and other serum proteins found elevated in IPF patients such as HGF, VEGFA, MCP-3, IL-6 and TNFRSF12A, are associated with disease severity and progression and their response to antifibrotic treatment. Our study supports the model’s applicability in studying mechanisms involved in IPF and provides additional evidence for both established and potentially new biomarkers in IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Kalafatis
- Respiratory Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine Solna and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden; (Å.M.W.); (M.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +46-72-3416617
| | - Anna Löfdahl
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lung Biology, Lund University, SE-221 84 Lund, Sweden; (A.L.); (L.E.R.); (G.W.-T.)
| | - Per Näsman
- Center for Safety Research, KTH, Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Göran Dellgren
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Transplant Institute, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden;
| | - Åsa M. Wheelock
- Respiratory Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine Solna and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden; (Å.M.W.); (M.S.)
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Linda Elowsson Rendin
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lung Biology, Lund University, SE-221 84 Lund, Sweden; (A.L.); (L.E.R.); (G.W.-T.)
| | - Magnus Sköld
- Respiratory Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine Solna and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden; (Å.M.W.); (M.S.)
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gunilla Westergren-Thorsson
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lung Biology, Lund University, SE-221 84 Lund, Sweden; (A.L.); (L.E.R.); (G.W.-T.)
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20
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Egorikhina MN, Bronnikova II, Rubtsova YP, Charykova IN, Bugrova ML, Linkova DD, Aleynik DY. Aspects of In Vitro Biodegradation of Hybrid Fibrin-Collagen Scaffolds. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13203470. [PMID: 34685229 PMCID: PMC8539699 DOI: 10.3390/polym13203470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The success of the regenerative process resulting from the implantation of a scaffold or a tissue-engineered structure into damaged tissues depends on a series of factors, including, crucially, the biodegradability of the implanted materials. The selection of a scaffold with appropriate biodegradation characteristics allows for synchronization of the degradation of the construct with the processes involved in new tissue formation. Thus, it is extremely important to characterize the biodegradation properties of potential scaffold materials at the stage of in vitro studies. We have analyzed the biodegradation of hybrid fibrin–collagen scaffolds in both PBS solution and in trypsin solution and this has enabled us to describe the processes of both their passive and enzymatic degradation. It was found that the specific origin of the collagen used to form part of the hybrid scaffolds could have a significant effect on the nature of the biodegradation process. It was also established, during comparative studies of acellular scaffolds and scaffolds containing stem cells, that the cells, too, make a significant contribution to changes in the biodegradation and structural properties of such scaffolds. The study results also provided evidence indicating the dependency between the pre-cultivation period for the cellular scaffolds and the speed and extent of their subsequent biodegradation. Our discussion of results includes an attempt to explain the mechanisms of the changes found. We hope that the said results will make a significant contribution to the understanding of the processes affecting the differences in the biodegradation properties of hybrid, biopolymer, and hydrogel scaffolds.
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Engineering a 3D Vascularized Adipose Tissue Construct Using a Decellularized Lung Matrix. Biomimetics (Basel) 2021; 6:biomimetics6030052. [PMID: 34562876 PMCID: PMC8482279 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics6030052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Critically sized defects in subcutaneous white adipose tissue result in extensive disfigurement and dysfunction and remain a reconstructive challenge for surgeons; as larger defect sizes are correlated with higher rates of complications and failure due to insufficient vascularization following implantation. Our study demonstrates, for the first time, a method to engineer perfusable, pre-vascularized, high-density adipose grafts that combine patient-derived adipose cells with a decellularized lung matrix (DLM). The lung is one of the most vascularized organs with high flow, low resistance, and a large blood-alveolar interface separated by a thin basement membrane. For our work, the large volume capacity within the alveolar compartment was repurposed for high-density adipose cell filling, while the acellular vascular bed provided efficient graft perfusion throughout. Both adipocytes and hASCs were successfully delivered and remained in the alveolar space even after weeks of culture. While adipose-derived cells maintained their morphology and functionality in both static and perfusion DLM cultures, perfusion culture offered enhanced outcomes over static culture. Furthermore, we demonstrate that endothelial cells seamlessly integrate into the acellular vascular tree of the DLM with adipocytes. These results support that the DLM is a unique platform for creating vascularized adipose tissue grafts for large defect filling.
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Leslie MN, Chou J, Young PM, Traini D, Bradbury P, Ong HX. How Do Mechanics Guide Fibroblast Activity? Complex Disruptions during Emphysema Shape Cellular Responses and Limit Research. Bioengineering (Basel) 2021; 8:110. [PMID: 34436113 PMCID: PMC8389228 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering8080110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The emphysema death toll has steadily risen over recent decades, causing the disease to become the third most common cause of death worldwide in 2019. Emphysema is currently incurable and could be due to a genetic condition (Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency) or exposure to pollutants/irritants, such as cigarette smoke or poorly ventilated cooking fires. Despite the growing burden of emphysema, the mechanisms behind emphysematous pathogenesis and progression are not fully understood by the scientific literature. A key aspect of emphysematous progression is the destruction of the lung parenchyma extracellular matrix (ECM), causing a drastic shift in the mechanical properties of the lung (known as mechanobiology). The mechanical properties of the lung such as the stiffness of the parenchyma (measured as the elastic modulus) and the stretch forces required for inhalation and exhalation are both reduced in emphysema. Fibroblasts function to maintain the structural and mechanical integrity of the lung parenchyma, yet, in the context of emphysema, these fibroblasts appear incapable of repairing the ECM, allowing emphysema to progress. This relationship between the disturbances in the mechanical cues experienced by an emphysematous lung and fibroblast behaviour is constantly overlooked and consequently understudied, thus warranting further research. Interestingly, the failure of current research models to integrate the altered mechanical environment of an emphysematous lung may be limiting our understanding of emphysematous pathogenesis and progression, potentially disrupting the development of novel treatments. This review will focus on the significance of emphysematous lung mechanobiology to fibroblast activity and current research limitations by examining: (1) the impact of mechanical cues on fibroblast activity and the cell cycle, (2) the potential role of mechanical cues in the diminished activity of emphysematous fibroblasts and, finally, (3) the limitations of current emphysematous lung research models and treatments as a result of the overlooked emphysematous mechanical environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathew N. Leslie
- Respiratory Technology, The Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Glebe, Sydney, NSW 2037, Australia; (M.N.L.); (P.M.Y.); (D.T.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Healthy and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Joshua Chou
- Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia;
| | - Paul M. Young
- Respiratory Technology, The Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Glebe, Sydney, NSW 2037, Australia; (M.N.L.); (P.M.Y.); (D.T.)
- Department of Marketing, Macquarie Business School, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Daniela Traini
- Respiratory Technology, The Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Glebe, Sydney, NSW 2037, Australia; (M.N.L.); (P.M.Y.); (D.T.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Healthy and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Peta Bradbury
- Respiratory Technology, The Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Glebe, Sydney, NSW 2037, Australia; (M.N.L.); (P.M.Y.); (D.T.)
- Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia;
- Mechanics and Genetics of Embryonic and Tumoral Development Group, UMR168—Laboratoire Physico-Chimie Curie, Institut Curie, 75248 Paris, France
| | - Hui Xin Ong
- Respiratory Technology, The Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Glebe, Sydney, NSW 2037, Australia; (M.N.L.); (P.M.Y.); (D.T.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Healthy and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
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Regulation of Cellular Senescence Is Independent from Profibrotic Fibroblast-Deposited ECM. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071628. [PMID: 34209854 PMCID: PMC8307656 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a devastating lung disease with poor survival. Age is a major risk factor, and both alveolar epithelial cells and lung fibroblasts in this disease exhibit features of cellular senescence, a hallmark of ageing. Accumulation of fibrotic extracellular matrix (ECM) is a core feature of IPF and is likely to affect cell function. We hypothesize that aberrant ECM deposition augments fibroblast senescence, creating a perpetuating cycle favouring disease progression. In this study, primary lung fibroblasts were cultured on control and IPF-derived ECM from fibroblasts pretreated with or without profibrotic and prosenescent stimuli, and markers of senescence, fibrosis-associated gene expression and secretion of cytokines were measured. Untreated ECM derived from control or IPF fibroblasts had no effect on the main marker of senescence p16Ink4a and p21Waf1/Cip1. However, the expression of alpha smooth muscle actin (ACTA2) and proteoglycan decorin (DCN) increased in response to IPF-derived ECM. Production of the proinflammatory cytokines C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 8 (CXCL8) by lung fibroblasts was upregulated in response to senescent and profibrotic-derived ECM. Finally, the profibrotic cytokines transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) were upregulated in response to both senescent- and profibrotic-derived ECM. In summary, ECM deposited by IPF fibroblasts does not induce cellular senescence, while there is upregulation of proinflammatory and profibrotic cytokines and differentiation into a myofibroblast phenotype in response to senescent- and profibrotic-derived ECM, which may contribute to progression of fibrosis in IPF.
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Müller C, Rosmark O, Åhrman E, Brunnström H, Wassilew K, Nybom A, Michaliková B, Larsson H, Eriksson LT, Schultz HH, Perch M, Malmström J, Wigén J, Iversen M, Westergren-Thorsson G. Protein Signatures of Remodeled Airways in Transplanted Lungs with Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome Obtained Using Laser-Capture Microdissection. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2021; 191:1398-1411. [PMID: 34111430 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2021.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome, a common form of chronic lung allograft dysfunction, is the major limitation to long-term survival after lung transplantation. The histologic correlate is progressive, fibrotic occlusion of small airways, obliterative bronchiolitis lesions, which ultimately lead to organ failure. The molecular composition of these lesions is unknown. In this sutdy, the protein composition of the lesions in explanted lungs from four end-stage bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome patients was analyzed using laser-capture microdissection and optimized sample preparation protocols for mass spectrometry. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence were used to determine the spatial distribution of commonly identified proteins on the tissue level, and protein signatures for 14 obliterative bronchiolitis lesions were established. A set of 39 proteins, identified in >75% of lesions, included distinct structural proteins (collagen types IV and VI) and cellular components (actins, vimentin, and tryptase). Each respective lesion exhibited a unique composition of proteins (on average, n = 66 proteins), thereby mirroring the morphologic variation of the lesions. Antibody-based staining confirmed these mass spectrometry-based findings. The 14 analyzed obliterative bronchiolitis lesions showed variations in their protein content, but also common features. This study provides molecular and morphologic insights into the development of chronic rejection after lung transplantation. The protein patterns in the lesions were correlated to pathways of extracellular matrix organization, tissue development, and wound healing processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catharina Müller
- Lung Biology Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Oskar Rosmark
- Lung Biology Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Emma Åhrman
- Lung Biology Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Division of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Hans Brunnström
- Division of Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Division of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Region Skåne, Lund, Sweden
| | - Katharina Wassilew
- Department of Pathology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Annika Nybom
- Lung Biology Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Barbora Michaliková
- Lung Biology Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Hillevi Larsson
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Leif T Eriksson
- Lung Biology Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Hans H Schultz
- Department of Cardiology, Section for Lung Transplantation, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michael Perch
- Department of Cardiology, Section for Lung Transplantation, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Johan Malmström
- Division of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jenny Wigén
- Lung Biology Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Martin Iversen
- Department of Cardiology, Section for Lung Transplantation, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Bagher M, Rosmark O, Elowsson Rendin L, Nybom A, Wasserstrom S, Müller C, Zhou XH, Dellgren G, Hallgren O, Bjermer L, Larsson-Callerfelt AK, Westergren-Thorsson G. Crosstalk between Mast Cells and Lung Fibroblasts Is Modified by Alveolar Extracellular Matrix and Influences Epithelial Migration. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020506. [PMID: 33419174 PMCID: PMC7825515 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mast cells play an important role in asthma, however, the interactions between mast cells, fibroblasts and epithelial cells in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) are less known. The objectives were to investigate the effect of mast cells on fibroblast activity and migration of epithelial cells. Lung fibroblasts from IPF patients and healthy individuals were co-cultured with LAD2 mast cells or stimulated with the proteases tryptase and chymase. Human lung fibroblasts and mast cells were cultured on cell culture plastic plates or decellularized human lung tissue (scaffolds) to create a more physiological milieu by providing an alveolar extracellular matrix. Released mediators were analyzed and evaluated for effects on epithelial cell migration. Tryptase increased vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) release from fibroblasts, whereas co-culture with mast cells increased IL-6 and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). Culture in scaffolds increased the release of VEGF compared to culture on plastic. Migration of epithelial cells was reduced by IL-6, while HGF and conditioned media from scaffold cultures promoted migration. In conclusion, mast cells and tryptase increased fibroblast release of mediators that influenced epithelial migration. These data indicate a role of mast cells and tryptase in the interplay between fibroblasts, epithelial cells and the alveolar extracellular matrix in health and lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Bagher
- Unit of Lung Biology, Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden; (M.B.); (O.R.); (L.E.R.); (A.N.); (C.M.); (G.W.-T.)
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, 221 85 Lund, Sweden; (O.H.); (L.B.)
| | - Oskar Rosmark
- Unit of Lung Biology, Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden; (M.B.); (O.R.); (L.E.R.); (A.N.); (C.M.); (G.W.-T.)
| | - Linda Elowsson Rendin
- Unit of Lung Biology, Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden; (M.B.); (O.R.); (L.E.R.); (A.N.); (C.M.); (G.W.-T.)
| | - Annika Nybom
- Unit of Lung Biology, Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden; (M.B.); (O.R.); (L.E.R.); (A.N.); (C.M.); (G.W.-T.)
| | | | - Catharina Müller
- Unit of Lung Biology, Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden; (M.B.); (O.R.); (L.E.R.); (A.N.); (C.M.); (G.W.-T.)
| | - Xiao-Hong Zhou
- Bioscience Department, Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, 431 53 Mölndal, Sweden;
| | - Göran Dellgren
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Transplant Institute, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden;
| | - Oskar Hallgren
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, 221 85 Lund, Sweden; (O.H.); (L.B.)
| | - Leif Bjermer
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, 221 85 Lund, Sweden; (O.H.); (L.B.)
| | - Anna-Karin Larsson-Callerfelt
- Unit of Lung Biology, Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden; (M.B.); (O.R.); (L.E.R.); (A.N.); (C.M.); (G.W.-T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +46-46-222-8580 or +46-733-525420
| | - Gunilla Westergren-Thorsson
- Unit of Lung Biology, Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden; (M.B.); (O.R.); (L.E.R.); (A.N.); (C.M.); (G.W.-T.)
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26
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Silver Nanoparticles Alter Cell Viability Ex Vivo and in Vitro and Induce Proinflammatory Effects in Human Lung Fibroblasts. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10091868. [PMID: 32961914 PMCID: PMC7557856 DOI: 10.3390/nano10091868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are commonly used in commercial and medical applications. However, AgNPs may induce toxicity, extracellular matrix (ECM) changes and inflammatory responses. Fibroblasts are key players in remodeling processes and major producers of the ECM. The aims of this study were to explore the effect of AgNPs on cell viability, both ex vivo in murine precision cut lung slices (PCLS) and in vitro in human lung fibroblasts (HFL-1), and immunomodulatory responses in fibroblasts. PCLS and HFL-1 were exposed to AgNPs with different sizes, 10 nm and 75 nm, at concentrations 2 µg/mL and 10 μg/mL. Changes in synthesis of ECM proteins, growth factors and cytokines were analyzed in HFL-1. Ag10 and Ag75 affected cell viability, with significantly reduced metabolic activities at 10 μg/mL in both PCLS and HFL-1 after 48 h. AgNPs significantly increased procollagen I synthesis and release of IL-8, prostaglandin E2, RANTES and eotaxin, whereas reduced IL-6 release was observed in HFL-1 after 72 h. Our data indicate toxic effects of AgNP exposure on cell viability ex vivo and in vitro with altered procollagen and proinflammatory cytokine secretion in fibroblasts over time. Hence, careful characterizations of AgNPs are of importance, and future studies should include timepoints beyond 24 h.
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McCrary MW, Bousalis D, Mobini S, Song YH, Schmidt CE. Decellularized tissues as platforms for in vitro modeling of healthy and diseased tissues. Acta Biomater 2020; 111:1-19. [PMID: 32464269 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Biomedical engineers are at the forefront of developing novel treatments to improve human health, however, many products fail to translate to clinical implementation. In vivo pre-clinical animal models, although the current best approximation of complex disease conditions, are limited by reproducibility, ethical concerns, and poor accurate prediction of human response. Hence, there is a need to develop physiologically relevant, low cost, scalable, and reproducible in vitro platforms to provide reliable means for testing drugs, biomaterials, and tissue engineered products for successful clinical translation. One emerging approach of developing physiologically relevant in vitro models utilizes decellularized tissues/organs as biomaterial platforms for 2D and 3D models of healthy and diseased tissue. Decellularization is a process that removes cellular content and produces tissue-specific extracellular matrix scaffolds that can more accurately recapitulate an organ/tissue's native microenvironment compared to other natural or synthetic materials. Decellularized tissues hold enormous potential for in vitro modeling of various disease phenotypes and tissue responses to drugs or external conditions such as aging, toxin exposure, or even implantation. In this review, we highlight the need for in vitro models, the advantages and limitations of implementing decellularized tissues, and considerations of the decellularization process. We discuss current research efforts towards applying decellularized tissues as platforms to generate in vitro models of healthy and diseased tissues, and where we foresee the field progressing. A variety of organs/tissues are discussed, including brain, heart, kidney, large intestine, liver, lung, skeletal muscle, skin, and tongue. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Many biomedical products fail to reach clinical translation due to animal model limitations. Development of physiologically relevant in vitro models can provide a more economic, scalable, and reproducible means of testing drugs/therapeutics for successful clinical translation. The use of decellularized tissues as platforms for in vitro models holds promise, as these scaffolds can effectively replicate native tissue complexity, but is not widely explored. This review discusses the need for in vitro models, the promise of decellularized tissues as biomaterial substrates, and the current research applying decellularized tissues towards the creation of in vitro models. Further, this review provides insights into the current limitations and future of such in vitro models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela W McCrary
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, 1275 Center Dr. BMS J257, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States.
| | - Deanna Bousalis
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, 1275 Center Dr. BMS J257, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States.
| | - Sahba Mobini
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, 1275 Center Dr. BMS J257, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States; Instituto de Micro y Nanotechnología, IMN-CNM, CSIC (CEI UAM+CSIC), Calle Isaac Newton 8, 28760 Madrid, Tres Cantos, Spain; Departamento de Biología Molecular and Centro de Biología Molecular, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Calle Nicolás Cabrera, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Young Hye Song
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, 1275 Center Dr. BMS J257, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, 134 White Hall, Fayetteville, AR 72701, United States.
| | - Christine E Schmidt
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, 1275 Center Dr. BMS J257, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States.
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28
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Deng Z, Fear MW, Suk Choi Y, Wood FM, Allahham A, Mutsaers SE, Prêle CM. The extracellular matrix and mechanotransduction in pulmonary fibrosis. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2020; 126:105802. [PMID: 32668329 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2020.105802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is characterised by excessive scarring in the lung which leads to compromised lung function, serious breathing problems and in some diseases, death. It includes several lung disorders with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) the most common and most severe. Pulmonary fibrosis is considered to be perpetuated by aberrant wound healing which leads to fibroblast accumulation, differentiation and activation, and deposition of excessive amounts of extracellular matrix (ECM) components, in particular, collagen. Recent studies have identified the importance of changes in the composition and structure of lung ECM during the development of pulmonary fibrosis and the interaction between ECM and lung cells. There is strong evidence that increased matrix stiffness induces changes in cell function including proliferation, migration, differentiation and activation. Understanding how changes in the ECM microenvironment influence cell behaviour during fibrogenesis, and the mechanisms regulating these changes, will provide insight for developing new treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenjun Deng
- Burn Injury Research Unit, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, 6009, WA, Australia
| | - Mark W Fear
- Burn Injury Research Unit, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, 6009, WA, Australia; Institute for Respiratory Health, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Yu Suk Choi
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Fiona M Wood
- Burn Injury Research Unit, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, 6009, WA, Australia; Burns Service of Western Australia, Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia; Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | - Amira Allahham
- Burn Injury Research Unit, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, 6009, WA, Australia
| | - Steven E Mutsaers
- Institute for Respiratory Health, Nedlands, WA, Australia; Centre for Respiratory Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia; Centre for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Cecilia M Prêle
- Institute for Respiratory Health, Nedlands, WA, Australia; Centre for Respiratory Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia; Centre for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia.
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29
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Ferreira LP, Gaspar VM, Mano JF. Decellularized Extracellular Matrix for Bioengineering Physiomimetic 3D in Vitro Tumor Models. Trends Biotechnol 2020; 38:1397-1414. [PMID: 32416940 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2020.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in the extraction and purification of decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) obtained from healthy or malignant tissues open new avenues for engineering physiomimetic 3D in vitro tumor models, which closely recapitulate key biomolecular hallmarks and the dynamic cancer cell-ECM interactions in the tumor microenvironment. We review current and upcoming methodologies for chemical modification of dECM-based biomaterials and advanced bioprocessing into organotypic 3D solid tumor models. A comprehensive review of disruptive advances and shortcomings of exploring dECM-based biomaterials for recapitulating the native tumor-supporting matrix is also provided. We hope to drive the discussion on how 3D dECM testing platforms can be leveraged for generating microphysiological tumor surrogates that generate more robust and predictive data on therapeutic bioperformance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís P Ferreira
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO, Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Vítor M Gaspar
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO, Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - João F Mano
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO, Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
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30
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Bi H, Ye K, Jin S. Proteomic analysis of decellularized pancreatic matrix identifies collagen V as a critical regulator for islet organogenesis from human pluripotent stem cells. Biomaterials 2019; 233:119673. [PMID: 31866049 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Revised: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
In pancreatic tissue engineering, generating human pancreatic islet organoids from stem cells has been challenging due mainly to a poor understanding of niches required for multicellular tissue self-assembly in vitro. In this study, we aimed to identify bioactive, chemically defined niches from natural, biological materials for islet development in vitro. We investigated the proteomics of decellularized rat pancreatic extracellular matrix (dpECM) hydrogel using advanced bioinformatics analysis, and identified that type V collagen (ColV) is constantly and abundantly present in dpECM hydrogel. Niches provided to human pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) by presenting ColV in matrix coating substrates permitted stem cells progression into islet-like organoids that consist of all major pancreatic endocrine cell types, i.e. α, β, δ, and pancreatic polypeptide cells. In the presence of ColV niches, gene expressions of all key pancreatic transcription factors and major hormone genes significantly increased in iPSC-derived organoids. Most importantly, ColV-containing microenvironment resulted in enhanced glucose responsive secretions of both insulin and glucagon hormone from organoids. The study demonstrates that ColV is a critical regulator that augments islet self-assembly from iPSCs, and it is feasible to utilize natural biomaterials to build tissue cues essential for multicellular tissue production in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanjing Bi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Binghamton University, State University of New York (SUNY), Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA
| | - Kaiming Ye
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Binghamton University, State University of New York (SUNY), Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA; Center of Biomanufacturing for Regenerative Medicine, Binghamton University, State University of New York (SUNY), Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA
| | - Sha Jin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Binghamton University, State University of New York (SUNY), Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA; Center of Biomanufacturing for Regenerative Medicine, Binghamton University, State University of New York (SUNY), Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA.
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Young BM, Shankar K, Tho CK, Pellegrino AR, Heise RL. Laminin-driven Epac/Rap1 regulation of epithelial barriers on decellularized matrix. Acta Biomater 2019; 100:223-234. [PMID: 31593773 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Decellularized tissues offer a unique tool for developing regenerative biomaterials or in vitro platforms for the study of cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions. One main challenge associated with decellularized lung tissue is that ECM components can be stripped away or altered by the detergents used to remove cellular debris. Without characterizing the composition of lung decellularized ECM (dECM) and the cellular response caused by the altered composition, it is difficult to utilize dECM for regeneration and specifically, engineering the complexities of the alveolar-capillary barrier. This study takes steps towards uncovering if dECM must be enhanced with lost ECM proteins to achieve proper epithelial barrier formation. To achieve this, the epithelial barrier function was assessed on dECM coatings with and without the systematic addition of several key basement membrane proteins. After comparing barrier function on collagen I, fibronectin, laminin, and dECM in varying combinations as an in vitro coating, the alveolar epithelium exhibited superior barrier function when dECM was supplemented with laminin as evidenced by trans-epithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and permeability assays. Increased barrier resistance with laminin addition was associated with upregulation of Claudin-18, E-cadherin, and junction adhesion molecule (JAM)-A, and stabilization of zonula occludens (ZO)-1 at junction complexes. The Epac/Rap1 pathway was observed to play a role in the ECM-mediated barrier function determined by protein expression and Epac inhibition. These findings revealed potential ECM coatings and molecular therapeutic targets for improved regeneration with decellularized scaffolds. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Efforts to produce a transplantable organ-scale biomaterial for lung regeneration has not been entirely successful to date, due to incomplete cell-cell junction formation, ultimately leading to severe edema in vivo. To fully understand the process of alveolar junction formation on ECM-derived biomaterials, this research has characterized and tailored decellularized ECM (dECM) to mitigate reductions in barrier strength or cell attachment caused by abnormal ECM compositions or detergent damage to dECM. These results indicate that laminin-driven Epac signaling plays a vital role in the stabilization of the alveolar barrier. Addition of laminin or Epac agonists during alveolar regeneration can reduce epithelial permeability within bioengineered lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethany M Young
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, 800 E. Leigh St, Room 1071, Richmond, VA 23219, United States
| | - Keerthana Shankar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, 800 E. Leigh St, Room 1071, Richmond, VA 23219, United States
| | - Cindy K Tho
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, 800 E. Leigh St, Room 1071, Richmond, VA 23219, United States
| | - Amanda R Pellegrino
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Nursing, Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Ave, Pittsburg, Pennsylvania 15282, United States
| | - Rebecca L Heise
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, 800 E. Leigh St, Room 1071, Richmond, VA 23219, United States; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, 1101 East Marshall St, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States.
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32
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Exploring the extracellular matrix in health and disease using proteomics. Essays Biochem 2019; 63:417-432. [DOI: 10.1042/ebc20190001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex assembly of hundreds of proteins that constitutes the scaffold of multicellular organisms. In addition to providing architectural and mechanical support to the surrounding cells, it conveys biochemical signals that regulate cellular processes including proliferation and survival, fate determination, and cell migration. Defects in ECM protein assembly, decreased ECM protein production or, on the contrary, excessive ECM accumulation, have been linked to many pathologies including cardiovascular and skeletal diseases, cancers, and fibrosis. The ECM thus represents a potential reservoir of prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. However, our understanding of the global protein composition of the ECM and how it changes during pathological processes has remained limited until recently.
In this mini-review, we provide an overview of the latest methodological advances in sample preparation and mass spectrometry-based proteomics that have permitted the profiling of the ECM of now dozens of normal and diseased tissues, including tumors and fibrotic lesions.
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Elowsson Rendin L, Löfdahl A, Åhrman E, Müller C, Notermans T, Michaliková B, Rosmark O, Zhou XH, Dellgren G, Silverborn M, Bjermer L, Malmström A, Larsson-Callerfelt AK, Isaksson H, Malmström J, Westergren-Thorsson G. Matrisome Properties of Scaffolds Direct Fibroblasts in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20164013. [PMID: 31426504 PMCID: PMC6719040 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20164013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) structural properties of the extracellular matrix (ECM) are altered and influence cellular responses through cell-matrix interactions. Scaffolds (decellularized tissue) derived from subpleural healthy and IPF lungs were examined regarding biomechanical properties and ECM composition of proteins (the matrisome). Scaffolds were repopulated with healthy fibroblasts cultured under static stretch with heavy isotope amino acids (SILAC), to examine newly synthesized proteins over time. IPF scaffolds were characterized by increased tissue density, stiffness, ultimate force, and differential expressions of matrisome proteins compared to healthy scaffolds. Collagens, proteoglycans, and ECM glycoproteins were increased in IPF scaffolds, however while specific basement membrane (BM) proteins such as laminins and collagen IV were decreased, nidogen-2 was also increased. Findings were confirmed with histology, clearly showing a disorganized BM. Fibroblasts produced scaffold-specific proteins mimicking preexisting scaffold composition, where 11 out of 20 BM proteins were differentially expressed, along with increased periostin and proteoglycans production. We demonstrate how matrisome changes affect fibroblast activity using novel approaches to study temporal differences, where IPF scaffolds support a disorganized BM and upregulation of disease-associated proteins. These matrix-directed cellular responses emphasize the IPF matrisome and specifically the BM components as important factors for disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Elowsson Rendin
- Lung Biology, Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University, BMC C12, Lund 221 84, Sweden.
| | - Anna Löfdahl
- Lung Biology, Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University, BMC C12, Lund 221 84, Sweden
| | - Emma Åhrman
- Division of Infection Medicine Proteomics, Department Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund 221 84, Sweden
| | - Catharina Müller
- Lung Biology, Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University, BMC C12, Lund 221 84, Sweden
| | - Thomas Notermans
- Department of Biomedical engineering, Lund University, Lund 221 84, Sweden
| | - Barbora Michaliková
- Lung Biology, Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University, BMC C12, Lund 221 84, Sweden
| | - Oskar Rosmark
- Lung Biology, Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University, BMC C12, Lund 221 84, Sweden
| | - Xiao-Hong Zhou
- Bioscience Department, Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Mölndal 431 53, Sweden
| | - Göran Dellgren
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Transplant Institute, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg 413 45, Sweden
| | - Martin Silverborn
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Transplant Institute, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg 413 45, Sweden
| | - Leif Bjermer
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund 221 85, Sweden
| | - Anders Malmström
- Lung Biology, Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University, BMC C12, Lund 221 84, Sweden
| | | | - Hanna Isaksson
- Department of Biomedical engineering, Lund University, Lund 221 84, Sweden
| | - Johan Malmström
- Division of Infection Medicine Proteomics, Department Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund 221 84, Sweden
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do Amaral JB, Bloise AC, França CN, Perez-Novo C, Machado-Santelli GM, Alencar AM, Pezato R. Alterations in cellular force parameters and cell projections in Nasal polyps-derived fibroblasts. Auris Nasus Larynx 2019; 47:98-104. [PMID: 31272842 DOI: 10.1016/j.anl.2019.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps (CRSwNP) is a disease that features a mechanical dysfunction involving chronic inflammation and altered tissue remodeling. In this study, we aim to evaluate the fibroblast morphology and its cellular traction force in primary fibroblasts cell cultures obtained from both healthy individuals (n=7) and patients with CRSwNP (n=8). METHODS Using a Traction-force Microscopy we analyzed parameters of Force/Tension in fibroblasts cultures in both experimental groups. RESULTS The analysis of the Projected Area of Cell revealed that fibroblasts derived from nasal mucosa of healthy individuals have an area on average 39.24% larger than the fibroblasts obtained from the nasal polyp tissue. We also observed that the parameters directly related to the force of the cell, Max Cumulative Force and Net Contractile Moment, presented a high Force/Tension per unit of area in the fibroblasts derived from the healthy nasal mucosa (on average 41% and 52.54% higher than the fibroblasts of the nasal polyp respectively). CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate a cellular mechanism that may be associated with the mechanical dysfunction found in the Nasal Polyp tissue. The weak traction force of nasal polyp-derived fibroblast may, in lower dimensions, impact on the remodeling of nasal mucosa in CRSwNP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jônatas Bussador do Amaral
- ENT Research Lab., Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Rua Coronel Lisboa, 958, Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP, 04020-041, Brazil.
| | - Antonio Carlos Bloise
- Institute of Physics, University of Sao Paulo, Rua do Matão, Travessa R Número 187, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Carolina Nunes França
- Universidade Santo Amaro, Pós Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Rua Enéas de Siqueira Neto, 340 Jardim das Imbuias, São Paulo, SP 04829-300, Brazil
| | - Claudina Perez-Novo
- Laboratory of Proteinchemistry, Proteomics and Epigenetic Signalling Department of Biomedical Sciences, Campus Drie Eiken, building T, first floor Universiteitsplein 1 2610 Wilrijk University of Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Gláucia Maria Machado-Santelli
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Avenida Prof Lineu Prestes, 1524, dade Universitária, Sao Paulo, SP 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Adriano Mesquita Alencar
- Institute of Physics, University of Sao Paulo, Rua do Matão, Travessa R Número 187, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Rogério Pezato
- ENT Research Lab., Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Rua Coronel Lisboa, 958, Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP, 04020-041, Brazil
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Quantitative proteomic profiling of extracellular matrix and site-specific collagen post-translational modifications in an in vitro model of lung fibrosis. Matrix Biol Plus 2019; 1:100005. [PMID: 33543004 PMCID: PMC7852317 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbplus.2019.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung fibrosis is characterized by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM), in particular collagens, by fibroblasts in the interstitium. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) alters the expression of many extracellular matrix (ECM) components produced by fibroblasts, but such changes in ECM composition as well as modulation of collagen post-translational modification (PTM) levels have not been comprehensively investigated. Here, we performed mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics analyses to assess changes in the ECM deposited by cultured lung fibroblasts from idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) patients upon stimulation with transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1). In addition to the ECM changes commonly associated with lung fibrosis, MS-based label-free quantification revealed profound effects on enzymes involved in ECM crosslinking and turnover as well as multiple positive and negative feedback mechanisms of TGF-β1 signaling. Notably, the ECM changes observed in this in vitro model correlated significantly with ECM changes observed in patient samples. Because collagens are subject to multiple PTMs with major implications in disease, we implemented a new bioinformatic platform to analyze MS data that allows for the comprehensive mapping and site-specific quantitation of collagen PTMs in crude ECM preparations. These analyses yielded a comprehensive map of prolyl and lysyl hydroxylations as well as lysyl glycosylations for 15 collagen chains. In addition, site-specific PTM analysis revealed novel sites of prolyl-3-hydroxylation and lysyl glycosylation in type I collagen. Interestingly, the results show, for the first time, that TGF-β1 can modulate prolyl-3-hydroxylation and glycosylation in a site-specific manner. Taken together, this proof of concept study not only reveals unanticipated TGF-β1 mediated regulation of collagen PTMs and other ECM components but also lays the foundation for dissecting their key roles in health and disease. The proteomic data has been deposited to the ProteomeXchange Consortium via the MassIVE partner repository with the data set identifier MSV000082958. Quantitative proteomics of TGF-β-induced changes in ECM composition and collagen PTM in pulmonary fibroblasts TGF-β promotes crosslinking and turnover as well as complex feedback mechanisms that alter fibroblast ECM homeostasis. A novel bioinformatic workflow for MS data analysis enabled global mapping and quantitation of known and novel collagen PTMs Quantitative assessment of prolyl-3-hydroxylation site occupancy and lysine-O-glycosylation microheterogeneity TGF-β1 modulates collagen PTMs in a site-specific manner that may favor collagen accumulation in lung fibrosis
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Key Words
- 3-HyP, 3-hydroxyproline
- 4-HyP, 4-hydroxyproline
- AGC, automatic gain control
- ANXA11, annexin A11
- BGN, biglycan
- COL1A1, collagen-I alpha 1 chain
- Collagen
- Collagen post-translational modifications
- DCN, decorin
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- Extracellular matrix
- FN1, fibronectin 1
- G-HyK, galactosylhydroxylysine
- GG-HyK, glucosylgalactosylhydroxylysine
- HyK, hydroxylysine
- HyP, hydroxyproline
- ILD, interstitial lung disease
- IPF, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
- LH, lysyl hydroxylase
- LOX(L), lysyl oxidase(-like)
- LTBP2, latent-transforming growth factor β -binding protein 2
- Lysyl glycosylation
- Lysyl hydroxylation
- P3H, prolyl-3-hydroxylase
- P4H, prolyl-4-hydroxylase
- PAI1, plasminogen activator inhibitor 1
- PCA, principal component analysis
- PLOD (LH), procollagen-lysine,2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenases (lysyl hydroxylases)
- PTM, post-translational modification
- Prolyl hydroxylation
- Pulmonary fibrosis
- SEMA7A, semaphorin 7a
- TGF-β, transforming growth factor β
- TGM2, transglutaminase 1
- Transforming growth factor-β
- VCAN, versican
- Xaa, Xaa position in the Gly-Xaa-Yaa repeat in triple-helical collagen
- Yaa, Yaa position in the Gly-Xaa-Yaa repeat in triple-helical collagen
- α-SMA, α-smooth muscle actin
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Tissue-Engineered Grafts from Human Decellularized Extracellular Matrices: A Systematic Review and Future Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19124117. [PMID: 30567407 PMCID: PMC6321114 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19124117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine involve many different artificial and biologic materials, frequently integrated in composite scaffolds, which can be repopulated with various cell types. One of the most promising scaffolds is decellularized allogeneic extracellular matrix (ECM) then recellularized by autologous or stem cells, in order to develop fully personalized clinical approaches. Decellularization protocols have to efficiently remove immunogenic cellular materials, maintaining the nonimmunogenic ECM, which is endowed with specific inductive/differentiating actions due to its architecture and bioactive factors. In the present paper, we review the available literature about the development of grafts from decellularized human tissues/organs. Human tissues may be obtained not only from surgery but also from cadavers, suggesting possible development of Human Tissue BioBanks from body donation programs. Many human tissues/organs have been decellularized for tissue engineering purposes, such as cartilage, bone, skeletal muscle, tendons, adipose tissue, heart, vessels, lung, dental pulp, intestine, liver, pancreas, kidney, gonads, uterus, childbirth products, cornea, and peripheral nerves. In vitro recellularizations have been reported with various cell types and procedures (seeding, injection, and perfusion). Conversely, studies about in vivo behaviour are poorly represented. Actually, the future challenge will be the development of human grafts to be implanted fully restored in all their structural/functional aspects.
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Schmelter C, Funke S, Treml J, Beschnitt A, Perumal N, Manicam C, Pfeiffer N, Grus FH. Comparison of Two Solid-Phase Extraction (SPE) Methods for the Identification and Quantification of Porcine Retinal Protein Markers by LC-MS/MS. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3847. [PMID: 30513899 PMCID: PMC6321002 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 11/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Proper sample preparation protocols represent a critical step for liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based proteomic study designs and influence the speed, performance and automation of high-throughput data acquisition. The main objective of this study was to compare two commercial solid-phase extraction (SPE)-based sample preparation protocols (comprising SOLAµTM HRP SPE spin plates from Thermo Fisher Scientific and ZIPTIP® C18 pipette tips from Merck Millipore) for analytical performance, reproducibility, and analysis speed. The house swine represents a promising animal model for studying human eye diseases including glaucoma and provides excellent requirements for the qualitative and quantitative MS-based comparison in terms of ocular proteomics. In total six technical replicates of two protein fractions [extracted with 0.1% dodecyl-ß-maltoside (DDM) or 1% trifluoroacetic acid (TFA)] of porcine retinal tissues were subjected to in-gel trypsin digestion and purified with both SPE-based workflows (N = 3) prior to LC-MS analysis. On average, 550 ± 70 proteins (1512 ± 199 peptides) and 305 ± 48 proteins (806 ± 144 peptides) were identified from DDM and TFA protein fractions, respectively, after ZIPTIP® C18 purification, and SOLAµTM workflow resulted in the detection of 513 ± 55 proteins (1347 ± 180 peptides) and 300 ± 33 proteins (722 ± 87 peptides), respectively (FDR < 1%). Venn diagram analysis revealed an average overlap of 65 ± 2% (DDM fraction) and 69 ± 4% (TFA fraction) in protein identifications between both SPE-based methods. Quantitative analysis of 25 glaucoma-related protein markers also showed no significant differences (P > 0.05) regarding protein recovery between both SPE methods. However, only glaucoma-associated marker MECP2 showed a significant (P = 0.02) higher abundance in ZIPTIP®-purified replicates in comparison to SOLAµTM-treated study samples. Nevertheless, this result was not confirmed in the verification experiment using in-gel trypsin digestion of recombinant MECP2 (P = 0.24). In conclusion, both SPE-based purification methods worked equally well in terms of analytical performance and reproducibility, whereas the analysis speed and the semi-automation of the SOLAµTM spin plates workflow is much more convenient in comparison to the ZIPTIP® C18 method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Schmelter
- Department of Experimental and Translational Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Sebastian Funke
- Department of Experimental and Translational Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Jana Treml
- Department of Experimental and Translational Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Anja Beschnitt
- Department of Experimental and Translational Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Natarajan Perumal
- Department of Experimental and Translational Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Caroline Manicam
- Department of Experimental and Translational Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Norbert Pfeiffer
- Department of Experimental and Translational Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Franz H Grus
- Department of Experimental and Translational Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
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