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Duan Y, Jin L. Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Profiling of the α-Amylase ( AMY) Gene Family in Potato. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:793. [PMID: 38927729 PMCID: PMC11202818 DOI: 10.3390/genes15060793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Starch degradation provides energy and signaling molecules for plant growth, development, defense, and stress response. α-amylase (AMY) is one of the most important enzymes in this process. Potato tubers are rich in starch, and the hydrolysis of starch into sugar negatively impacts the frying quality of potato. Despite its importance, the AMY gene family has not been fully explored in potatoes. Here, we performed a detailed analysis of the StAMY gene family to determine its role in potato. Twenty StAMY genes were identified across the potato genome and were divided into three subgroups. The promoters of StAMY genes contained an array of cis-acting elements involved in growth and development, phytohormone signaling, and stress and defense responses. StAMY8, StAMY9, StAMY12, and StAMY20 were specifically expressed in mature tubers. Different StAMY gene family members tended to be upregulated in response to β-aminobutyric acid (BABA), Phytophthora infestans (P. infestans), benzothiadiazole (BTH), heat, salt, and drought stress. In addition, different StAMY gene family members tended to be responsive to abscisic acid (ABA), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), gibberellic acid (GA3), and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) treatment. These results suggest that StAMY gene family members may be involved in starch and sugar metabolism, defense, stress response, and phytohormone signaling. The results of this study may be applicable to other starchy crops and lay a foundation for further research on the functions and regulatory mechanisms of AMY genes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Liping Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Tuber and Root Crops of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;
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Zhu F, Cao MY, Zhang QP, Mohan R, Schar J, Mitchell M, Chen H, Liu F, Wang D, Fu ZQ. Join the green team: Inducers of plant immunity in the plant disease sustainable control toolbox. J Adv Res 2024; 57:15-42. [PMID: 37142184 PMCID: PMC10918366 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Crops are constantly attacked by various pathogens. These pathogenic microorganisms, such as fungi, oomycetes, bacteria, viruses, and nematodes, threaten global food security by causing detrimental crop diseases that generate tremendous quality and yield losses worldwide. Chemical pesticides have undoubtedly reduced crop damage; however, in addition to increasing the cost of agricultural production, the extensive use of chemical pesticides comes with environmental and social costs. Therefore, it is necessary to vigorously develop sustainable disease prevention and control strategies to promote the transition from traditional chemical control to modern green technologies. Plants possess sophisticated and efficient defense mechanisms against a wide range of pathogens naturally. Immune induction technology based on plant immunity inducers can prime plant defense mechanisms and greatly decrease the occurrence and severity of plant diseases. Reducing the use of agrochemicals is an effective way to minimize environmental pollution and promote agricultural safety. AIM OF REVIEW The purpose of this workis to offer valuable insights into the current understanding and future research perspectives of plant immunity inducers and their uses in plant disease control, ecological and environmental protection, and sustainable development of agriculture. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW In this work, we have introduced the concepts of sustainable and environment-friendly concepts of green disease prevention and control technologies based on plant immunity inducers. This article comprehensively summarizes these recent advances, emphasizes the importance of sustainable disease prevention and control technologies for food security, and highlights the diverse functions of plant immunity inducers-mediated disease resistance. The challenges encountered in the potential applications of plant immunity inducers and future research orientation are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhu
- College of Plant Protection, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China.
| | - Meng-Yao Cao
- College of Plant Protection, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Qi-Ping Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | | | - Jacob Schar
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | | | - Huan Chen
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210014, China
| | - Fengquan Liu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210014, China
| | - Daowen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Agronomy, and Center for Crop Genome Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Zheng Qing Fu
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
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3
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Sánchez-Hernández E, Martín-Ramos P, Navas-Gracia LM, Martín-Gil J, Garcés-Claver A, Flores-León A, González-García V. Armeria maritima (Mill.) Willd. Flower Hydromethanolic Extract for Cucurbitaceae Fungal Diseases Control. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28093730. [PMID: 37175142 PMCID: PMC10180270 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The cliff rose (Armeria maritima), like other halophytes, has a phenolics-based antioxidant system that allows it to grow in saline habitats. Provided that antioxidant properties are usually accompanied by antimicrobial activity, in this study we investigated the phytochemicals present in a hydromethanolic extract of A. maritima flowers and explored its antifungal potential. The main phytocompounds, identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, were: hexadecanoic acid, octadecanoic acid, 9-octadecenoic acid, 3-(3,4-dihydroxy-phenyl)-acrylic acid ethyl ester, and benzeneacetaldehyde. The antifungal activity of the extract and its main constituents-alone and in combination with chitosan oligomers-was tested against six pathogenic taxa associated with soil-borne diseases of plant hosts in the family Cucurbitaceae: Fusarium equiseti, F. oxysporum f. sp. niveum, Macrophomina phaseolina, Neocosmospora falciformis, N. keratoplastica, and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. In in vitro tests, EC90 effective concentrations in the 166-865 μg·mL-1 range were obtained for the chitosan oligomers-A. maritima extract conjugate complexes, lower than those obtained for fosetyl-Al and azoxystrobin synthetic fungicides tested for comparison purposes, and even outperforming mancozeb against F. equiseti. In ex situ tests against S. sclerotiorum conducted on artificially inoculated cucumber slices, full protection was achieved at a dose of 250 μg·mL-1. Thus, the reported results support the valorization of A. maritima as a source of biorationals for Cucurbitaceae pathogens protection, suitable for both organic and conventional agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Sánchez-Hernández
- Department of Agricultural and Forestry Engineering, ETSIIAA, Universidad de Valladolid, Avda. Madrid 44, 34004 Palencia, Spain
| | - Pablo Martín-Ramos
- Department of Agricultural and Forestry Engineering, ETSIIAA, Universidad de Valladolid, Avda. Madrid 44, 34004 Palencia, Spain
| | - Luis Manuel Navas-Gracia
- Department of Agricultural and Forestry Engineering, ETSIIAA, Universidad de Valladolid, Avda. Madrid 44, 34004 Palencia, Spain
| | - Jesús Martín-Gil
- Department of Agricultural and Forestry Engineering, ETSIIAA, Universidad de Valladolid, Avda. Madrid 44, 34004 Palencia, Spain
| | - Ana Garcés-Claver
- Department of Plant Science, Agrifood Research and Technology Centre of Aragón, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2 (Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA), Avda. Montañana 930, 50059 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Alejandro Flores-León
- Institute for the Preservation and Improvement of Valencian Agrodiversity, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camí de Vera, s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Vicente González-García
- Department of Agricultural, Forestry, and Environmental Systems, Agrifood Research and Technology Centre of Aragón, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2 (Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA), Avda. Montañana 930, 50059 Zaragoza, Spain
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4
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Kim D, Riu M, Oh SK, Ryu CM. Extracellular self-RNA: A danger elicitor in pepper induces immunity against bacterial and viral pathogens in the field. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:864086. [PMID: 36226289 PMCID: PMC9549290 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.864086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Plants and animals serve as hosts for microbes. To protect themselves from microbe-induced damage, plants and animals need to differentiate self-molecules/signals from non-self, microbe-derived molecules. Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are danger signals released from the damaged host tissue or present on the surface of stressed cells. Although a self-extracellular DNA has previously been shown to act as a DAMP in different plant species, the existence of a self-extracellular RNA (eRNA) as a danger signal in plants remains unknown. Here, we firstly evaluated the ability of a pepper self-eRNA to activate immunity against viral and bacterial pathogens under field conditions. Pepper leaves pre-infiltrated with self-eRNA exhibited reduced titer of the naturally occurring Tomato spotted wilt virus and diminished symptoms of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. vesicatoria infection through eliciting defense priming of abscisic acid signaling. At the end of the growing season at 90 days after transplanting, pepper plants treated with self- and non-self-eRNAs showed no difference in fruit yield. Taken together, our discovery demonstrated that self-eRNA can successfully activate plant systemic immunity without any growth penalty, indicating its potential as a novel disease management agent against a broad range of pathogenic microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doyeon Kim
- Molecular Phytobacteriology Laboratory, Infectious Disease Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon, South Korea
- Department of Biosystems and Bioengineering, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Myoungjoo Riu
- Molecular Phytobacteriology Laboratory, Infectious Disease Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon, South Korea
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Sang-Keun Oh
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Choong-Min Ryu
- Molecular Phytobacteriology Laboratory, Infectious Disease Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon, South Korea
- Department of Biosystems and Bioengineering, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
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5
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Samaradivakara SP, Chen H, Lu Y, Li P, Kim Y, Tsuda K, Mine A, Day B. Overexpression of NDR1 leads to pathogen resistance at elevated temperatures. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 235:1146-1162. [PMID: 35488494 PMCID: PMC9321970 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Abiotic and biotic environments influence a myriad of plant-related processes, including growth, development, and the establishment and maintenance of interaction(s) with microbes. In the case of the latter, elevated temperature has been shown to be a key factor that underpins host resistance and pathogen virulence. In this study, we elucidate a role for Arabidopsis NON-RACE-SPECIFIC DISEASE RESISTANCE1 (NDR1) by exploiting effector-triggered immunity to define the regulation of plant host immunity in response to both pathogen infection and elevated temperature. We generated time-series RNA sequencing data of WT Col-0, an NDR1 overexpression line, and ndr1 and ics1-2 mutant plants under elevated temperature. Not surprisingly, the NDR1-overexpression line showed genotype-specific gene expression changes related to defense response and immune system function. The results described herein support a role for NDR1 in maintaining cell signaling during simultaneous exposure to elevated temperature and avirulent pathogen stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saroopa P. Samaradivakara
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial SciencesMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI48824USA
- Plant Resilience InstituteMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI48824USA
| | - Huan Chen
- Graduate Program in Genetics and Genome SciencesMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI48824USA
- Graduate Program in Molecular Plant SciencesMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI48824USA
| | - Yi‐Ju Lu
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial SciencesMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI48824USA
- Institute of BiochemistryNational Chung Hsing UniversityTaichung402Taiwan
| | - Pai Li
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial SciencesMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI48824USA
- Department of Plant BiologyMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI48824USA
| | - Yongsig Kim
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial SciencesMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI48824USA
| | - Kenichi Tsuda
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural MicrobiologyHubei Hongshan LaboratoryHubei Key Lab of Plant PathologyCollege of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan430070China
- Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and HealthHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan430070China
- Shenzhen BranchGuangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsAgricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhen518120China
| | - Akira Mine
- Laboratory of Plant PathologyGraduate School of AgricultureKyoto UniversityKyoto606‐8502Japan
| | - Brad Day
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial SciencesMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI48824USA
- Plant Resilience InstituteMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI48824USA
- Graduate Program in Genetics and Genome SciencesMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI48824USA
- Graduate Program in Molecular Plant SciencesMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI48824USA
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6
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Abdelghany MMA, Kurikawa M, Watanabe M, Matsui H, Yamamoto M, Ichinose Y, Toyoda K, Kouzai Y, Noutoshi Y. Surveillance of Pathogenicity of Rhizoctonia solani Japanese Isolates with Varied Anastomosis Groups and Subgroups on Arabidopsis thaliana. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12010076. [PMID: 35054469 PMCID: PMC8781544 DOI: 10.3390/life12010076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Rhizoctonia solani is a necrotrophic plant pathogen with a wide host range. R. solani is a species complex consisting of thirteen anastomosis groups (AGs) defined by compatibility of hyphal fusion reaction and subgroups based on cultural morphology. The relationship between such classifications and host specificity remains elusive. Here, we investigated the pathogenicity of seventeen R. solani isolates (AG-1 to 7) in Japan towards Arabidopsis thaliana using leaf and soil inoculations. The tested AGs, except AG-3 and AG-6, induced symptoms in both methods with variations in pathogenicity. The virulence levels differed even within the same AG and subgroup. Some isolates showed tissue-specific infection behavior. Thus, the AGs and their subgroups are suggested to be not enough to define the virulence (host and tissue specificity) of R. solani. We also evaluated the virulence of the isolates on Arabidopsis plants pretreated with salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, and ethylene. No obvious effects were detected on the symptom formation by the virulence isolates, but ethylene and salicylic acid slightly enhanced the susceptibility to the weak and nonvirulent isolates. R. solani seems to be able to overcome the induced defense by these phytohormones in the infection to Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Mohsen Ahmed Abdelghany
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan; (M.M.A.A.); (M.W.); (H.M.); (M.Y.); (Y.I.); (K.T.); (Y.K.)
- National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Alexandria 21556, Egypt
| | - Maria Kurikawa
- Department of Agriculture, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan;
| | - Megumi Watanabe
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan; (M.M.A.A.); (M.W.); (H.M.); (M.Y.); (Y.I.); (K.T.); (Y.K.)
| | - Hidenori Matsui
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan; (M.M.A.A.); (M.W.); (H.M.); (M.Y.); (Y.I.); (K.T.); (Y.K.)
- Department of Agriculture, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan;
| | - Mikihiro Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan; (M.M.A.A.); (M.W.); (H.M.); (M.Y.); (Y.I.); (K.T.); (Y.K.)
- Department of Agriculture, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan;
| | - Yuki Ichinose
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan; (M.M.A.A.); (M.W.); (H.M.); (M.Y.); (Y.I.); (K.T.); (Y.K.)
- Department of Agriculture, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan;
| | - Kazuhiro Toyoda
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan; (M.M.A.A.); (M.W.); (H.M.); (M.Y.); (Y.I.); (K.T.); (Y.K.)
- Department of Agriculture, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan;
| | - Yusuke Kouzai
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan; (M.M.A.A.); (M.W.); (H.M.); (M.Y.); (Y.I.); (K.T.); (Y.K.)
| | - Yoshiteru Noutoshi
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan; (M.M.A.A.); (M.W.); (H.M.); (M.Y.); (Y.I.); (K.T.); (Y.K.)
- Department of Agriculture, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan;
- Correspondence:
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7
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Alonso-Díaz A, Satbhai SB, de Pedro-Jové R, Berry HM, Göschl C, Argueso CT, Novak O, Busch W, Valls M, Coll NS. A genome-wide association study reveals cytokinin as a major component in the root defense responses against Ralstonia solanacearum. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:2727-2740. [PMID: 33475698 PMCID: PMC8006551 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial wilt caused by the soil-borne pathogen Ralstonia solancearum is economically devastating, with no effective methods to fight the disease. This pathogen invades plants through their roots and colonizes their xylem, clogging the vasculature and causing rapid wilting. Key to preventing colonization are the early defense responses triggered in the host's root upon infection, which remain mostly unknown. Here, we have taken advantage of a high-throughput in vitro infection system to screen natural variability associated with the root growth inhibition phenotype caused by R. solanacearum in Arabidopsis during the first hours of infection. To analyze the genetic determinants of this trait, we have performed a genome-wide association study, identifying allelic variation at several loci related to cytokinin metabolism, including genes responsible for biosynthesis and degradation of cytokinin. Further, our data clearly demonstrate that cytokinin signaling is induced early during the infection process and cytokinin contributes to immunity against R. solanacearum. This study highlights a new role for cytokinin in root immunity, paving the way for future research that will help in understanding the mechanisms underpinning root defenses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Alonso-Díaz
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB), Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Santosh B Satbhai
- Gregor Mendel Institute (GMI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Dr Bohr-Gasse 3, Vienna 1030, Austria
- Salk Institute For Biological Studies, Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, 10010 N Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Roger de Pedro-Jové
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB), Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Hannah M Berry
- Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
- Cell and Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Christian Göschl
- Gregor Mendel Institute (GMI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Dr Bohr-Gasse 3, Vienna 1030, Austria
| | - Cristiana T Argueso
- Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Ondrej Novak
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Olomouc, The Czech Republic
| | - Wolfgang Busch
- Gregor Mendel Institute (GMI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Dr Bohr-Gasse 3, Vienna 1030, Austria
- Salk Institute For Biological Studies, Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, 10010 N Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Marc Valls
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB), Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
- Genetics Department, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria S Coll
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB), Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
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8
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Kiferle C, Martinelli M, Salzano AM, Gonzali S, Beltrami S, Salvadori PA, Hora K, Holwerda HT, Scaloni A, Perata P. Evidences for a Nutritional Role of Iodine in Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:616868. [PMID: 33679830 PMCID: PMC7925997 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.616868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the role of iodine in plant physiology. We evaluated the impact of low concentrations of iodine on the phenotype, transcriptome and proteome of Arabidopsis thaliana. Our experiments showed that removal of iodine from the nutrition solution compromises plant growth, and restoring it in micromolar concentrations is beneficial for biomass accumulation and leads to early flowering. In addition, iodine treatments specifically regulate the expression of several genes, mostly involved in the plant defence response, suggesting that iodine may protect against both biotic and abiotic stress. Finally, we demonstrated iodine organification in proteins. Our bioinformatic analysis of proteomic data revealed that iodinated proteins identified in the shoots are mainly associated with the chloroplast and are functionally involved in photosynthetic processes, whereas those in the roots mostly belong and/or are related to the action of various peroxidases. These results suggest the functional involvement of iodine in plant nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Kiferle
- Plant Lab, Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Martinelli
- Plant Lab, Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Salzano
- Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute for the Animal Production System in the Mediterranean Environment (ISPAAM), National Research Council, Napoli, Italy
| | - Silvia Gonzali
- Plant Lab, Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - Sara Beltrami
- Plant Lab, Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Katja Hora
- SQM International N.V., Antwerpen, Belgium
| | | | - Andrea Scaloni
- Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute for the Animal Production System in the Mediterranean Environment (ISPAAM), National Research Council, Napoli, Italy
| | - Pierdomenico Perata
- Plant Lab, Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Pisa, Italy
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9
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Kidd BN, Foley R, Singh KB, Anderson JP. Foliar resistance to Rhizoctonia solani in Arabidopsis is compromised by simultaneous loss of ethylene, jasmonate and PEN2 mediated defense pathways. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2546. [PMID: 33510286 PMCID: PMC7843637 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81858-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhizoctonia solani causes damaging yield losses on most major food crops. R. solani isolates belonging to anastomosis group 8 (AG8) are soil-borne, root-infecting pathogens with a broad host range. AG8 isolates can cause disease on wheat, canola and legumes, however Arabidopsis thaliana is heretofore thought to possess non-host resistance as A. thaliana ecotypes, including the reference strain Col-0, are resistant to AG8 infection. Using a mitochondria-targeted redox sensor (mt-roGFP2) and cell death staining, we demonstrate that both AG8 and a host isolate (AG2-1) of R. solani are able to infect A. thaliana roots. Above ground tissue of A. thaliana was found to be resistant to AG8 but not AG2. Genetic analysis revealed that ethylene, jasmonate and PENETRATION2-mediated defense pathways work together to provide resistance to AG8 in the leaves which subsequently enable tolerance of root infections. Overall, we demonstrate a significant difference in defense capabilities of above and below ground tissue in providing resistance to R. solani AG8 in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan N Kidd
- Centre for Environment and Life Sciences, CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Floreat, WA, Australia.,Australian Reseach Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Rhonda Foley
- Centre for Environment and Life Sciences, CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Floreat, WA, Australia
| | - Karam B Singh
- Centre for Environment and Life Sciences, CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Floreat, WA, Australia.,Department of Environment and Agriculture, Centre for Crop and Disease Management, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia.,The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Jonathan P Anderson
- Centre for Environment and Life Sciences, CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Floreat, WA, Australia. .,The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia.
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10
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Sakata N, Ishiga T, Taniguchi S, Ishiga Y. Acibenzolar-S-Methyl Activates Stomatal-Based Defense Systemically in Japanese Radish. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:565745. [PMID: 33193493 PMCID: PMC7661486 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.565745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM) is a well-known plant activator, which is a synthetic analog of salicylic acid (SA). Recently, copper fungicides and antibiotics are major strategies for controlling bacterial diseases. However, resistant strains have already been found. Therefore, there is an increasing demand for sustainable new disease control strategies. We investigated the ASM disease control effect against Pseudomonas cannabina pv. alisalensis (Pcal), which causes bacterial blight on Japanese radish. In this study, we demonstrated that ASM effectively suppressed Pcal disease symptom development associated with reduced bacterial populations on Japanese radish leaves. Interestingly, we also demonstrated that ASM activated systemic acquired resistance (SAR), including stomatal-based defense on ASM-untreated upper and lower leaves. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are essential second messengers in stomatal-based defense. We found that ASM induced stomatal closure by inducing ROS production through peroxidase. These results indicate that stomatal closure induced by ASM treatment is effective for preventing Pcal pathogen invasion into plants, and in turn reduction of disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanami Sakata
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Takako Ishiga
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | | | - Yasuhiro Ishiga
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
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Volatile Organic Compounds as Insect Repellents and Plant Elicitors: an Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Strategy for Glasshouse Whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum). J Chem Ecol 2020; 46:1090-1104. [PMID: 33106972 PMCID: PMC7677274 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-020-01229-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The glasshouse whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood) is a polyphagous arthropod pest that is of particular detriment to glasshouse grown tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) across temperate regions of the world. Control of whiteflies with synthetic pesticides has resulted in the evolution of resistant genotypes and a reduction in natural enemies, thus highlighting the need for environmentally sound control strategies. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) offer an environmentally benign alternative to synthetic chemical sprays and this study explored the use of VOCs as insect repellents and plant defence elicitors to control whiteflies on tomato in a commercial glasshouse setting. Limonene in the form of a volatile dispenser system was found to successfully repel whitefly from the target crop and increased fruit yield by 32% during a heavy whitefly infestation. Analysis of tomato herbivore induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) led us to select methyl salicylate (MeSA) as the plant elicitor and application of MeSA to un-infested tomato plants was found to successfully reduce whitefly population development and increase yield by 11%, although this difference was marginally statistically significant. Combination of these two methods was also effective but whitefly abundance in combined plots was similar to the standalone limonene treatment across the course of the experiment. All of the VOC based control methods we used had a negative impact on whitefly performance, with more pronounced effects during the first few weeks of infestation. In subsequent laboratory experiments, we found elevated peroxidase (POD) activity and a significant increase in TPX1 and PR1 transcripts in MeSA treated plants. This led us to deduce that MeSA immediately induced plant defences, rather than priming them. We did however see evidence for residual priming, as plants treated with MeSA and infested with whiteflies produced significantly higher levels of POD activity than whitefly infestation alone. Despite the fact that our treatments failed to synergise, our methods can be optimised further, and the effectiveness of the standalone treatments is promising for future studies. In particular, our repellent limonene dispensers were extremely effective at deterring whiteflies and offer a low economic cost and easy to implement whitefly control option. The methods we have used here could be incorporated into current integrated pest management (IPM) systems, a sustainable approach to pest control which will be central to our efforts to manage whitefly populations under glass in the future.
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Abdelsalam SSH, Kouzai Y, Watanabe M, Inoue K, Matsui H, Yamamoto M, Ichinose Y, Toyoda K, Tsuge S, Mochida K, Noutoshi Y. Identification of effector candidate genes of Rhizoctonia solani AG-1 IA expressed during infection in Brachypodium distachyon. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14889. [PMID: 32913311 PMCID: PMC7483729 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71968-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhizoctonia solani is a necrotrophic phytopathogen belonging to basidiomycetes. It causes rice sheath blight which inflicts serious damage in rice production. The infection strategy of this pathogen remains unclear. We previously demonstrated that salicylic acid-induced immunity could block R. solani AG-1 IA infection in both rice and Brachypodium distachyon. R. solani may undergo biotrophic process using effector proteins to suppress host immunity before necrotrophic stage. To identify pathogen genes expressed at the early infection process, here we developed an inoculation method using B. distachyon which enables to sample an increased amount of semi-synchronous infection hyphae. Sixty-one R. solani secretory effector-like protein genes (RsSEPGs) were identified using in silico approach with the publicly available gene annotation of R. solani AG-1 IA genome and our RNA-sequencing results obtained from hyphae grown on agar medium. Expression of RsSEPGs was analyzed at 6, 10, 16, 24, and 32 h after inoculation by a quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and 52 genes could be detected at least on a single time point tested. Their expressions showed phase-specific patterns which were classified into 6 clusters. The 23 RsSEPGs in the cluster 1–3 and 29 RsSEPGs in the cluster 4–6 are expected to be involved in biotrophic and necrotrophic interactions, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sobhy S H Abdelsalam
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan.,Plant Pathology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, El-Shatby, Egypt
| | - Yusuke Kouzai
- Bioproductivity Informatics Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Japan.,Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Megumi Watanabe
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Komaki Inoue
- Bioproductivity Informatics Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hidenori Matsui
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Mikihiro Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yuki Ichinose
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Toyoda
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Seiji Tsuge
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Keiichi Mochida
- Bioproductivity Informatics Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Japan.,Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan.,Institute for Plant Science and Resources (IPSR), Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yoshiteru Noutoshi
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan.
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Filgueiras CC, Martins AD, Pereira RV, Willett DS. The Ecology of Salicylic Acid Signaling: Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Effects with Applications in Agriculture. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5851. [PMID: 31766518 PMCID: PMC6928651 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20235851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The salicylic acid pathway is one of the primary plant defense pathways, is ubiquitous in vascular plants, and plays a role in rapid adaptions to dynamic abiotic and biotic stress. Its prominence and ubiquity make it uniquely suited for understanding how biochemistry within plants can mediate ecological consequences. Induction of the salicylic acid pathway has primary effects on the plant in which it is induced resulting in genetic, metabolomic, and physiologic changes as the plant adapts to challenges. These primary effects can in turn have secondary consequences for herbivores and pathogens attacking the plant. These secondary effects can both directly influence plant attackers and mediate indirect interactions between herbivores and pathogens. Additionally, stimulation of salicylic acid related defenses can affect natural enemies, predators and parasitoids, which can recruit to plant signals with consequences for herbivore populations and plant herbivory aboveground and belowground. These primary, secondary, and tertiary ecological consequences of salicylic acid signaling hold great promise for application in agricultural systems in developing sustainable high-yielding management practices that adapt to changing abiotic and biotic environments.
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Frąckowiak P, Pospieszny H, Smiglak M, Obrępalska-Stęplowska A. Assessment of the Efficacy and Mode of Action of Benzo(1,2,3)-Thiadiazole-7-Carbothioic Acid S-Methyl Ester (BTH) and Its Derivatives in Plant Protection Against Viral Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E1598. [PMID: 30935036 PMCID: PMC6480033 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20071598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) induction is one of the primary defence mechanisms of plants against a broad range of pathogens. It can be induced by infectious agents or by synthetic molecules, such as benzo(1,2,3)-thiadiazole-7-carbothioic acid S-methyl ester (BTH). SAR induction is associated with increases in salicylic acid (SA) accumulation and expression of defence marker genes (e.g., phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), the pathogenesis-related (PR) protein family, and non-expressor of PR genes (NPR1)). Various types of pathogens and pests induce plant responses by activating signalling pathways associated with SA, jasmonic acid (JA) and ethylene (ET). This work presents an analysis of the influence of BTH and its derivatives as resistance inducers in healthy and virus-infected plants by determining the expression levels of selected resistance markers associated with the SA, JA, and ET pathways. The phytotoxic effects of these compounds and their influence on the course of viral infection were also studied. Based on the results obtained, the best-performing BTH derivatives and their optimal concentration for plant performance were selected, and their mode of action was suggested. It was shown that application of BTH and its derivatives induces increased expression of marker genes of both the SA- and JA-mediated pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patryk Frąckowiak
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Institute of Plant Protection, National Research Institute, ul. Władysława Węgorka 20, 60-318 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Henryk Pospieszny
- Department of Virology and Bacteriology, Institute of Plant Protection, National Research Institute, ul. Władysława Węgorka 20, 60-318 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Marcin Smiglak
- Poznań Science and Technology Park, Adam Mickiewicz University Foundation, ul. Rubież 46, 61-612 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Aleksandra Obrępalska-Stęplowska
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Institute of Plant Protection, National Research Institute, ul. Władysława Węgorka 20, 60-318 Poznań, Poland.
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