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Long J, Wang J, Dong Y, Yang J, Xie G, Tong Y. Prolyl isomerase Pin1 promotes autophagy and cancer cell viability through activating FoxO3 signalling. Cell Signal 2024; 113:110940. [PMID: 38084839 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Pin1-directed prolyl isomerization is a central common oncogenic mechanism to drive tumorigenic processes. However, the role of Pin1 in cellular autophagy is still poorly understood. Here we report that pharmacological inhibition of Pin1 decreased the formation of autophagosome/autolysosomes upon nutrient starvation. Inhibition of Pin1 reduced, whereas forced expression of Pin1 increased, the level of LC3 and viability of U2OS and PANC-1 cells. Pin1 could augment the accumulation of LC3 upon chloroquine treatment, while chloroquine also disturbed its function on cell viability. RNA-Seq and qPCR identified altered autophagic pathway upon Pin1 silencing. Mechanistically, FoxO3 was identified critical for Pin1-mediated autophagy. Knockdown of FoxO3 could rescue the changes of LC3 level and cellular viability caused by Pin1 overexpression. In xenograft mouse model, Pin1 reduced the sensitivity of PANC-1 to chloroquine while FoxO3 silencing could inhibit Pin1's function. Moreover, Pin1 could bind FoxO3 via its pS284-P motif, reduce its phosphorylation at T32, facilitate its nuclear retention, and therefore increased its transcriptional activity. S284A mutation of FoxO3 interfered with its T32 phosphorylation, reduced its nuclear localization and disrupted its function to support cell viability upon nutrient starvation. Furthermore, the protein level of Pin1 positively correlated with FoxO3 nuclear localization and LC3 level in pancreatic adenocarcinoma and osteosarcoma samples. Together, this study highlights an important role for Pin1-FoxO3 axis in regulating autophagy and cancer cell viability. Intervening in the Pin1-FoxO3 interaction would serve as an effective therapeutic strategy and the pS284-P motif of FoxO3 provides a potential target for drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Long
- Center of Growth, Metabolism and Aging, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiaxin Wang
- Center of Growth, Metabolism and Aging, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Dong
- Center of Growth, Metabolism and Aging, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Center of Growth, Metabolism and Aging, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Gang Xie
- The Second Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying Tong
- Center of Growth, Metabolism and Aging, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Wang T, Liu J, Hu C, Wei X, Han L, Zhu A, Wang R, Chen Z, Xia Z, Yao S, Mao W. Downregulation of cardiac PIASy inhibits Cx43 SUMOylation and ameliorates ventricular arrhythmias in a rat model of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. Chin Med J (Engl) 2023; 136:1349-1357. [PMID: 37014755 PMCID: PMC10309519 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysfunction of the gap junction channel protein connexin 43 (Cx43) contributes to myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced ventricular arrhythmias. Cx43 can be regulated by small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) modification. Protein inhibitor of activated STAT Y (PIASy) is an E3 SUMO ligase for its target proteins. However, whether Cx43 is a target protein of PIASy and whether Cx43 SUMOylation plays a role in I/R-induced arrhythmias are largely unknown. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats were infected with PIASy short hairpin ribonucleic acid (shRNA) using recombinant adeno-associated virus subtype 9 (rAAV9). Two weeks later, the rats were subjected to 45 min of left coronary artery occlusion followed by 2 h reperfusion. Electrocardiogram was recorded to assess arrhythmias. Rat ventricular tissues were collected for molecular biological measurements. RESULTS Following 45 min of ischemia, QRS duration and QTc intervals statistically significantly increased, but these values decreased after transfecting PIASy shRNA. PIASy downregulation ameliorated ventricular arrhythmias induced by myocardial I/R, as evidenced by the decreased incidence of ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation, and reduced arrythmia score. In addition, myocardial I/R statistically significantly induced PIASy expression and Cx43 SUMOylation, accompanied by reduced Cx43 phosphorylation and plakophilin 2 (PKP2) expression. Moreover, PIASy downregulation remarkably reduced Cx43 SUMOylation, accompanied by increased Cx43 phosphorylation and PKP2 expression after I/R. CONCLUSION PIASy downregulation inhibited Cx43 SUMOylation and increased PKP2 expression, thereby improving ventricular arrhythmias in ischemic/reperfused rats heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, China
| | - Jinmin Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, China
| | - Chenchen Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, China
| | - Xin Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, China
| | - Linlin Han
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, China
| | - Afang Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, China
| | - Zhijun Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, China
| | - Zhengyuan Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shanglong Yao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, China
| | - Weike Mao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, China
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3
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Transcriptome RNA Sequencing Reveals That Circular RNAs Are Abundantly Expressed in Embryonic Breast Muscle of Duck. Vet Sci 2023; 10:vetsci10020075. [PMID: 36851380 PMCID: PMC10004440 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10020075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs are widespread in various species and have important roles in myogenesis. However, the circular RNAs involved in breast muscle development in ducks have not yet been studied. Here, to identify circular RNAs during duck skeletal muscle development, three pectorales from Shan Ma ducks at E13 and E19, which represent undifferentiated and differentiated myoblasts, respectively, were collected and subjected to RNA sequencing. A total of 16,622 circular RNAs were identified, of which approximately 80% were exonic circular RNAs and 260 were markedly differentially expressed between E19 and E13. The parental genes of the differentially expressed circular RNAs were significantly enriched in muscle-related biological processes. Moreover, we found that the overexpression of circGAS2-2 promoted cell cycle progression and increased the proliferation viability of duck primary myoblasts; conversely, knockdown of circGAS2-2 retarded the cell cycle and reduced the proliferation viability of myoblasts. Taken together, our results demonstrate that circular RNAs are widespread and variously expressed during the development of duck skeletal muscle and that circGAS2-2 is involved in the regulation of myogenesis.
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Singh MV, Dhanabalan K, Verry J, Dokun AO. MicroRNA regulation of BAG3. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2022; 247:617-623. [PMID: 35037515 PMCID: PMC9039493 DOI: 10.1177/15353702211066908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2)-associated athanogene 3 (BAG3) protein is a member of BAG family of co-chaperones that modulates major biological processes, including apoptosis, autophagy, and development to promote cellular adaptive responses to stress stimuli. Although BAG3 is constitutively expressed in several cell types, its expression is also inducible and is regulated by microRNAs (miRNAs). miRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that mostly bind to the 3'-UTR (untranslated region) of mRNAs to inhibit their translation or to promote their degradation. miRNAs can potentially regulate over 50% of the protein-coding genes in a cell and therefore are involved in the regulation of all major functions, including cell differentiation, growth, proliferation, apoptosis, and autophagy. Dysregulation of miRNA expression is associated with pathogenesis of numerous diseases, including peripheral artery disease (PAD). BAG3 plays a critical role in regulating the response of skeletal muscle cells to ischemia by its ability to regulate autophagy. However, the biological role of miRNAs in the regulation of BAG3 in biological processes has only been elucidated recently. In this review, we discuss how miRNA may play a key role in regulating BAG3 expression under normal and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhu V Singh
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Karthik Dhanabalan
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Joseph Verry
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Ayotunde O Dokun
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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5
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Lin H, Koren SA, Cvetojevic G, Girardi P, Johnson GV. The role of BAG3 in health and disease: A "Magic BAG of Tricks". J Cell Biochem 2022; 123:4-21. [PMID: 33987872 PMCID: PMC8590707 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The multi-domain structure of Bcl-2-associated athanogene 3 (BAG3) facilitates its interaction with many different proteins that participate in regulating a variety of biological pathways. After revisiting the BAG3 literature published over the past ten years with Citespace software, we classified the BAG3 research into several clusters, including cancer, cardiomyopathy, neurodegeneration, and viral propagation. We then highlighted recent key findings in each cluster. To gain greater insight into the roles of BAG3, we analyzed five different published mass spectrometry data sets of proteins that co-immunoprecipitate with BAG3. These data gave us insight into universal, as well as cell-type-specific BAG3 interactors in cancer cells, cardiomyocytes, and neurons. Finally, we mapped variable BAG3 SNPs and also mutation data from previous publications to further explore the link between the domains and function of BAG3. We believe this review will provide a better understanding of BAG3 and direct future studies towards understanding BAG3 function in physiological and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester NY 14642 USA
| | - Shon A. Koren
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester NY 14642 USA
| | - Gregor Cvetojevic
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester NY 14642 USA
| | - Peter Girardi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester NY 14642 USA
| | - Gail V.W. Johnson
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester NY 14642 USA
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6
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Kirk JA, Cheung JY, Feldman AM. Therapeutic targeting of BAG3: considering its complexity in cancer and heart disease. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:e149415. [PMID: 34396980 DOI: 10.1172/jci149415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Bcl2-associated athanogene-3 (BAG3) is expressed ubiquitously in humans, but its levels are highest in the heart, the skeletal muscle, and the central nervous system; it is also elevated in many cancers. BAG3's diverse functions are supported by its multiple protein-protein binding domains, which couple with small and large heat shock proteins, members of the Bcl2 family, other antiapoptotic proteins, and various sarcomere proteins. In the heart, BAG3 inhibits apoptosis, promotes autophagy, couples the β-adrenergic receptor with the L-type Ca2+ channel, and maintains the structure of the sarcomere. In cancer cells, BAG3 binds to and supports an identical array of prosurvival proteins, and it may represent a therapeutic target. However, the development of strategies to block BAG3 function in cancer cells may be challenging, as they are likely to interfere with the essential roles of BAG3 in the heart. In this Review, we present the current knowledge regarding the biology of this complex protein in the heart and in cancer and suggest several therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan A Kirk
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Joseph Y Cheung
- Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Arthur M Feldman
- Department of Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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7
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Li X, Lin G, Liu T, Zhao N, Xu H, Wang H, Zheng W. Postnatal development of BAG3 expression in mouse cerebral cortex and hippocampus. Brain Struct Funct 2021; 226:2629-2650. [PMID: 34357438 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-021-02356-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The decreased efficiency of autophagic processing in the central nervous system during aging may be a contributing factor in neurodegenerative diseases. BAG3 (Bcl2 associated athanogene 3) is a major member of the BAG family of co-molecular chaperones that mediate selective macroautophagy. Therefore, we analyzed the expression and distribution of BAG3 in the brain at postnatal 0 day (P0), P15, 1-, 2-, 9-, 12-, and 18 month-old C57BL/6 mice, thus covering almost all ages. Except for a significant steep drop in mRNA and protein levels in the cortex and hippocampus soon after birth, there were minimal differences in the expression and distribution of BAG3 among P15, M1, M2, M9, and M12 mice; however, at 18 months, BAG3 expression was significantly higher. Immunohistochemical analyses showed that BAG3 is mainly located in the neuronal cytoplasm and processes in C57BL/6 the cerebral cortex and hippocampus from P0 to M18 postnatal development. These findings indicate that BAG3 might be stable in young and middle-aged mice, but unstable in aged mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlu Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Geng Lin
- Department of Histology and Embryology, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Tongtong Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.,Department of Neurology, The People's Hospital of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Ning Zhao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shengjing Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110022, China
| | - He Xu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518052, China
| | - Huaqin Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- Department of Histology and Embryology, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.
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8
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Schänzer A, Schumann E, Zengeler D, Gulatz L, Maroli G, Ahting U, Sprengel A, Gräf S, Hahn A, Jux C, Acker T, Fürst DO, Rupp S, Schuld J, van der Ven PFM. The p.Ala2430Val mutation in filamin C causes a "hypertrophic myofibrillar cardiomyopathy". J Muscle Res Cell Motil 2021; 42:381-397. [PMID: 33710525 DOI: 10.1007/s10974-021-09601-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) often leads to heart failure. Mutations in sarcomeric proteins are most frequently the cause of HCM but in many patients the gene defect is not known. Here we report on a young man who was diagnosed with HCM shortly after birth. Whole exome sequencing revealed a mutation in the FLNC gene (c.7289C > T; p.Ala2430Val) that was previously shown to cause aggregation of the mutant protein in transfected cells. Myocardial tissue from patients with this mutation has not been analyzed before and thus, the underlying etiology is not well understood. Myocardial tissue of our patient obtained during myectomy at the age of 23 years was analyzed in detail by histochemistry, immunofluorescence staining, electron microscopy and western blot analysis. Cardiac histology showed a pathology typical for myofibrillar myopathy with myofibril disarray and abnormal protein aggregates containing BAG3, desmin, HSPB5 and filamin C. Analysis of sarcomeric and intercalated disc proteins showed focally reduced expression of the gap junction protein connexin43 and Xin-positive sarcomeric lesions in the cardiomyocytes of our patient. In addition, autophagy pathways were altered with upregulation of LC3-II, WIPI1 and HSPB5, 6, 7 and 8. We conclude that the p.Ala2430Val mutation in FLNC most probably is associated with HCM characterized by abnormal intercalated discs, disarray of myofibrils and aggregates containing Z-disc proteins similar to myofibrillar myopathy, which supports the pathological effect of the mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Schänzer
- Institute of Neuropathology, Justus Liebig University, Arndstr.16, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
| | - Elisabeth Schumann
- Institute of Neuropathology, Justus Liebig University, Arndstr.16, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Diana Zengeler
- Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics (CeGat) GmbH, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lisann Gulatz
- Institute of Neuropathology, Justus Liebig University, Arndstr.16, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Giovanni Maroli
- Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Uwe Ahting
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Anke Sprengel
- Pediatric Heart Center, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Sabine Gräf
- Institute of Neuropathology, Justus Liebig University, Arndstr.16, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Andreas Hahn
- Department of Child Neurology, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Christian Jux
- Pediatric Heart Center, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Till Acker
- Institute of Neuropathology, Justus Liebig University, Arndstr.16, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Dieter O Fürst
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cell Biology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Rupp
- Pediatric Heart Center, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Julia Schuld
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cell Biology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Peter F M van der Ven
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cell Biology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Marzullo L, Turco MC, De Marco M. The multiple activities of BAG3 protein: Mechanisms. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2020; 1864:129628. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2020.129628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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10
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Häseli S, Deubel S, Jung T, Grune T, Ott C. Cardiomyocyte Contractility and Autophagy in a Premature Senescence Model of Cardiac Aging. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:8141307. [PMID: 32377307 PMCID: PMC7180990 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8141307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Globally, cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in the aging population. While the clinical pathology of the aging heart is thoroughly characterized, underlying molecular mechanisms are still insufficiently clarified. The aim of the present study was to establish an in vitro model system of cardiomyocyte premature senescence, culturing heart muscle cells derived from neonatal C57Bl/6J mice for 21 days. Premature senescence of neonatal cardiac myocytes was induced by prolonged culture time in an oxygen-rich postnatal environment. Age-related changes in cellular function were determined by senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity, increasing presence of cell cycle regulators, such as p16, p53, and p21, accumulation of protein aggregates, and restricted proteolysis in terms of decreasing (macro-)autophagy. Furthermore, the culture system was functionally characterized for alterations in cell morphology and contractility. An increase in cellular size associated with induced expression of atrial natriuretic peptides demonstrated a stress-induced hypertrophic phenotype in neonatal cardiomyocytes. Using the recently developed analytical software tool Myocyter, we were able to show a spatiotemporal constraint in spontaneous contraction behavior during cultivation. Within the present study, the 21-day culture of neonatal cardiomyocytes was defined as a functional model system of premature cardiac senescence to study age-related changes in cardiomyocyte contractility and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Häseli
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke (DIfE), Nuthetal 14558, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin 13357, Germany
| | - Stefanie Deubel
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke (DIfE), Nuthetal 14558, Germany
| | - Tobias Jung
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke (DIfE), Nuthetal 14558, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin 13357, Germany
| | - Tilman Grune
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke (DIfE), Nuthetal 14558, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin 13357, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich-Neuherberg 85764, Germany
- NutriAct-Competence Cluster Nutrition Research Berlin-Potsdam, Nuthetal 14558, Germany
- University of Potsdam, Institute of Nutrition, Nuthetal 14588, Germany
| | - Christiane Ott
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke (DIfE), Nuthetal 14558, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin 13357, Germany
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11
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Abstract
The B cell lymphoma 2-associated anthanogene (BAG3) is an anti-apoptotic co-chaperone protein. Previous reports suggest that mutations in BAG3 are associated with dilated cardiomyopathy. This review aims to summarize the current understanding of the relationship between BAG3 mutations and dilated cardiomyopathy, primarily focusing on the role and protective mechanism of BAG3 in cardiomyocytes from individuals with dilated cardiomyopathy. The results of published studies show that BAG3 is critically important for reducing cardiomyocyte apoptosis, maintaining protein homeostasis, regulating mitochondrial stability, modulating myocardial contraction, and reducing cardiac arrhythmia, which suggests an indispensable protective mechanism of BAG3 in dilated cardiomyopathy. The significant role of BAG3 in protecting cardiomyocytes provides a new direction for the diagnosis and treatment of dilated cardiomyopathy. However, further research is required to explore the molecular mechanisms that regulate BAG3 expression, to identify a novel therapy for patients with dilated cardiomyopathy.
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12
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Tahrir FG, Gordon J, Feldman AM, Cheung J, Khalili K, Ahooyi TM. Evidence for the impact of BAG3 on electrophysiological activity of primary culture of neonatal cardiomyocytes. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:18371-18381. [PMID: 30932190 PMCID: PMC6830737 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Homeostasis of proteins involved in contractility of individual cardiomyocytes and those coupling adjacent cells is of critical importance as any abnormalities in cardiac electrical conduction may result in cardiac irregular activity and heart failure. Bcl2-associated athanogene 3 (BAG3) is a stress-induced protein whose role in stabilizing myofibril proteins as well as protein quality control pathways, especially in the cardiac tissue, has captured much attention. Mutations of BAG3 have been implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiac complications such as dilated cardiomyopathy. In this study, we have used an in vitro model of neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes to investigate potential impacts of BAG3 on electrophysiological activity by employing the microelectrode array (MEA) technology. Our MEA data showed that BAG3 plays an important role in the cardiac signal generation as reduced levels of BAG3 led to lower signal frequency and amplitude. Our analysis also revealed that BAG3 is essential to the signal propagation throughout the myocardium, as the MEA data-based conduction velocity, connectivity degree, activation time, and synchrony were adversely affected by BAG3 knockdown. Moreover, BAG3 deficiency was demonstrated to be connected with the emergence of independently beating clusters of cardiomyocytes. On the other hand, BAG3 overexpression improved the activity of cardiomyocytes in terms of electrical signal amplitude and connectivity degree. Overall, by providing more in-depth analyses and characterization of electrophysiological parameters, this study reveals that BAG3 is of critical importance for electrical activity of neonatal cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh G. Tahrir
- Department of Neuroscience, Center for Neurovirology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jennifer Gordon
- Department of Neuroscience, Center for Neurovirology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Arthur M. Feldman
- Department of Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Joseph Cheung
- Department of Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Kamel Khalili
- Department of Neuroscience, Center for Neurovirology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Taha Mohseni Ahooyi
- Department of Neuroscience, Center for Neurovirology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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