1
|
Abstract
Diseases affecting the hair follicle are common in domestic animals, but despite the importance of an intact skin barrier and a fully functional hair coat, knowledge about the detailed morphological features and the diversity of these complex mini-organs are often limited, although mandatory to evaluate skin biopsies with a history of alopecia. The factors that regulate the innate hair follicle formation and the postnatal hair cycle are still not completely understood in rodents, only rudimentarily known in humans, and are poorly understood in our companion animals. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge about hair follicle and hair shaft anatomy, the arrangement of hair follicles, hair follicle morphogenesis in the embryo, and the lifelong regeneration during the postnatal hair cycle in domestic animals. The role of follicular stem cells and the need for a multitude of interacting signaling events during hair follicle morphogenesis and regeneration is unquestioned. Because of the lack of state of the art methods that can be applied in rodents but are not feasible in companion animals, most of the information in this review is based on rodent studies. However, the few data from domestic animals that are available will be discussed, and it can be assumed that at least the principal molecular mechanisms are similar in rodents and other species.
Collapse
|
2
|
Santarriaga S, Gerlovin K, Layadi Y, Karmacharya R. Human stem cell-based models to study synaptic dysfunction and cognition in schizophrenia: A narrative review. Schizophr Res 2023:S0920-9964(23)00084-1. [PMID: 36925354 PMCID: PMC10500041 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2023.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive impairment is the strongest predictor of functional outcomes in schizophrenia and is hypothesized to result from synaptic dysfunction. However, targeting synaptic plasticity and cognitive deficits in patients remains a significant clinical challenge. A comprehensive understanding of synaptic plasticity and the molecular basis of learning and memory in a disease context can provide specific targets for the development of novel therapeutics targeting cognitive impairments in schizophrenia. Here, we describe the role of synaptic plasticity in cognition, summarize evidence for synaptic dysfunction in schizophrenia and demonstrate the use of patient derived induced-pluripotent stem cells for studying synaptic plasticity in vitro. Lastly, we discuss current advances and future technologies for bridging basic science research of synaptic dysfunction with clinical and translational research that can be used to predict treatment response and develop novel therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Santarriaga
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Chemical Biology and Therapeutic Science Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kaia Gerlovin
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Chemical Biology and Therapeutic Science Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Yasmine Layadi
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Chimie ParisTech, Université Paris Sciences et Lettres, Paris, France
| | - Rakesh Karmacharya
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Chemical Biology and Therapeutic Science Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder Program, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hirano S, Kageyama T, Yamanouchi M, Yan L, Suzuki K, Ebisawa K, Kasai K, Fukuda J. Expansion Culture of Hair Follicle Stem Cells through Uniform Aggregation in Microwell Array Devices. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:1510-1519. [PMID: 36781164 PMCID: PMC10015430 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c01141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Hair regeneration using hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs) and dermal papilla cells is a promising approach for the treatment of alopecia. One of the challenges faced in this approach is the quantitative expansion of HFSCs while maintaining their hair induction capacity. In this study, HFSC expansion was achieved through the formation of uniform-diameter cell aggregates that were subsequently encapsulated in Matrigel. We designed a microwell array device, wherein mouse HFSCs were seeded, allowed to form loosely packed aggregates for an hour, and then embedded in Matrigel. Quantitative analysis revealed a 20-fold increase in HFSC number in 2 weeks through this culture device. Gene expression of trichogenic stem cell markers in the device-grown cells showed a significant increase compared with that of typical flat substrate Matrigel suspension culture cells. These microwell array-cultured HFSCs mixed with freshly isolated embryonic mesenchymal cells indicated vigorous hair regeneration on the skin of nude mice. Furthermore, we examined the feasibility of this approach for the expansion of human HFSCs from androgenetic alopecia patients and found that the ratio of CD200+ cells was improved significantly in comparison with that of cells cultured in a typical culture dish or in a Matrigel suspension culture on a flat substrate. Therefore, the novel approach proposed in this study may be useful for HFSC expansion in hair regenerative medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sugi Hirano
- Faculty
of Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai,
Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 240-8501, Japan
| | - Tatsuto Kageyama
- Faculty
of Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai,
Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 240-8501, Japan
- Kanagawa
Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, 3-2-1 Sakado, Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 213-0012, Japan
| | - Maki Yamanouchi
- Faculty
of Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai,
Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 240-8501, Japan
| | - Lei Yan
- Faculty
of Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai,
Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 240-8501, Japan
- Kanagawa
Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, 3-2-1 Sakado, Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 213-0012, Japan
| | - Kohei Suzuki
- Faculty
of Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai,
Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 240-8501, Japan
- Nissan
Chemical Corporation, 2-5-1 Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-6119, Japan
| | - Katsumi Ebisawa
- Department
of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Nagoya
University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8560, Japan
| | - Keiichiro Kasai
- Shonan
Beauty Clinic, 2-2-13
Yoyogi, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 151-0053, Japan
| | - Junji Fukuda
- Faculty
of Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai,
Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 240-8501, Japan
- Kanagawa
Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, 3-2-1 Sakado, Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 213-0012, Japan
- . Tel: +81-45-339-4008. Fax: +81-45-339-4008
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Obara K, Shirai K, Hamada Y, Arakawa N, Hasegawa A, Takaoka N, Aki R, Hoffman RM, Amoh Y. Direct implantation of hair-follicle-associated pluripotent (HAP) stem cells repairs intracerebral hemorrhage and reduces neuroinflammation in mouse model. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0280304. [PMID: 36638123 PMCID: PMC9838830 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a leading cause of mortality with ineffective treatment. Hair-follicle-associated pluripotent (HAP) stem cells can differentiate into neurons, glial cells and many other types of cells. HAP stem cells have been shown to repair peripheral-nerve and spinal-cord injury in mouse models. In the present study, HAP stem cells from C57BL/6J mice were implanted into the injured brain of C57BL/6J or nude mice with induced ICH. After allo transplantation, HAP stem cells differentiated to neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and microglia in the ICH site of nude mice. After autologous transplantation in C57BL/6J mice, HAP stem cells suppressed astrocyte and microglia infiltration in the injured brain. The mRNA expression levels of IL-10 and TGF-β1, measured by quantitative Real-Time RT-PCR, in the brain of C57BL/6J mice with ICH was increased by HAP-stem-cell implantation compared to the non-implanted mice. Quantitative sensorimotor function analysis, with modified limb-placing test and the cylinder test, demonstrated a significant functional improvement in the HAP-stem-cell-implanted C57BL/6J mice, compared to non-implanted mice. HAP stem cells have critical advantages over induced pluripotent stem cells, embryonic stem cells as they do not develop tumors, are autologous, and do not require genetic manipulation. The present study demonstrates future clinical potential of HAP-stem-cell repair of ICH, currently a recalcitrant disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Koya Obara
- Department of Dermatology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kyoumi Shirai
- Department of Dermatology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yuko Hamada
- Department of Dermatology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Nobuko Arakawa
- Department of Dermatology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Ayami Hasegawa
- Department of Dermatology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Nanako Takaoka
- Department of Dermatology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Aki
- Department of Dermatology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Robert M. Hoffman
- AntiCancer, Inc., San Diego, California, United States of America
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America
- * E-mail: (YA); (RMH)
| | - Yasuyuki Amoh
- Department of Dermatology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- * E-mail: (YA); (RMH)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Obara K, Reynoso J, Hamada Y, Aoki Y, Kubota Y, Masaki N, Amoh Y, Hoffman RM. Hair follicle associated pluripotent (HAP) stem cells jump from transplanted whiskers to pelage follicles and stimulate hair growth. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21174. [PMID: 36476963 PMCID: PMC9729176 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25383-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Stimulation of hair growth in hair loss has been a difficult goal to achieve. Hair follicle-associated pluripotent (HAP) stem cells express nestin and have been shown to differentiate to multiple cell types including keratinocytes, neurons, beating cardiac muscles and numerous other cell types. HAP stem cells originate in the bulge area of the hair follicle and have been shown to migrate within and outside the hair follicle. In the present study, the upper part of vibrissa follicles from nestin-driven green-fluorescent protein (GFP) transgenic mice, containing GFP-expressing HAP stem cells, were transplanted in the dorsal area of athymic nude mice. Fluorescence microscopy and immunostaining showed the transplanted HAP stem cells jumped and targeted the bulge and hair bulb and other areas of the resident nude mouse pelage follicles where they differentiated to keratinocytes. These results indicate that transplanted nestin-GFP expressing HAP stem cells jumped from the upper part of the whisker follicles and targeted nude-mouse hair follicles, which are genetically deficient to grow normal hair shafts, and differentiated to keratinocytes to produce normal mature hair shafts. The resident nude-mouse pelage follicles targeted by jumping whisker HAP stem cells produced long hair shafts from numerous hair follicles for least 2 hair cycles during 36 days, demonstrations that HAP stem cells can stimulate hair growth. The present results for hair loss therapy are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Koya Obara
- grid.417448.a0000 0004 0461 1271AntiCancer, Inc., 7917 Ostrow Street, San Diego, CA 92111 USA ,grid.266100.30000 0001 2107 4242Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA ,grid.410786.c0000 0000 9206 2938Department of Dermatology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami Ward, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374 Japan
| | - Jose Reynoso
- grid.417448.a0000 0004 0461 1271AntiCancer, Inc., 7917 Ostrow Street, San Diego, CA 92111 USA
| | - Yuko Hamada
- grid.410786.c0000 0000 9206 2938Department of Dermatology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami Ward, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374 Japan
| | - Yusuke Aoki
- grid.417448.a0000 0004 0461 1271AntiCancer, Inc., 7917 Ostrow Street, San Diego, CA 92111 USA ,grid.266100.30000 0001 2107 4242Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA
| | - Yutaro Kubota
- grid.417448.a0000 0004 0461 1271AntiCancer, Inc., 7917 Ostrow Street, San Diego, CA 92111 USA ,grid.266100.30000 0001 2107 4242Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA
| | - Noriyuki Masaki
- grid.417448.a0000 0004 0461 1271AntiCancer, Inc., 7917 Ostrow Street, San Diego, CA 92111 USA ,grid.266100.30000 0001 2107 4242Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA
| | - Yasuyuki Amoh
- grid.410786.c0000 0000 9206 2938Department of Dermatology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami Ward, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374 Japan
| | - Robert M. Hoffman
- grid.417448.a0000 0004 0461 1271AntiCancer, Inc., 7917 Ostrow Street, San Diego, CA 92111 USA ,grid.266100.30000 0001 2107 4242Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Live slow-frozen human tumor tissues viable for 2D, 3D, ex vivo cultures and single-cell RNAseq. Commun Biol 2022; 5:1144. [PMID: 36307545 PMCID: PMC9616892 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-04025-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Biobanking of surplus human healthy and disease-derived tissues is essential for diagnostics and translational research. An enormous amount of formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE), Tissue-Tek OCT embedded or snap-frozen tissues are preserved in many biobanks worldwide and have been the basis of translational studies. However, their usage is limited to assays that do not require viable cells. The access to intact and viable human material is a prerequisite for translational validation of basic research, for novel therapeutic target discovery, and functional testing. Here we show that surplus tissues from multiple solid human cancers directly slow-frozen after resection can subsequently be used for different types of methods including the establishment of 2D, 3D, and ex vivo cultures as well as single-cell RNA sequencing with similar results when compared to freshly analyzed material. Fresh vs. slow-frozen tissues from various malignancies are compared for the establishment of 2D, 3D and ex vivo cultures, as well as for scRNAseq analysis, and found to be comparable and suitable for cancer research.
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang X, Liu Y, He J, Wang J, Chen X, Yang R. Regulation of signaling pathways in hair follicle stem cells. BURNS & TRAUMA 2022; 10:tkac022. [PMID: 35795256 PMCID: PMC9250793 DOI: 10.1093/burnst/tkac022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs) reside in the bulge region of the outer root sheath of the hair follicle. They are considered slow-cycling cells that are endowed with multilineage differentiation potential and superior proliferative capacity. The normal morphology and periodic growth of HFSCs play a significant role in normal skin functions, wound repair and skin regeneration. The HFSCs involved in these pathophysiological processes are regulated by a series of cell signal transduction pathways, such as lymphoid enhancer factor/T-cell factor, Wnt/β-catenin, transforming growth factor-β/bone morphogenetic protein, Notch and Hedgehog. The mechanisms of the interactions among these signaling pathways and their regulatory effects on HFSCs have been previously studied, but many mechanisms are still unclear. This article reviews the regulation of hair follicles, HFSCs and related signaling pathways, with the aims of summarizing previous research results, revealing the regulatory mechanisms of HFSC proliferation and differentiation and providing important references and new ideas for treating clinical diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jia He
- Department of Burn Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Foshan, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Jingru Wang
- Department of Burn Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Foshan, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Correspondence. Xiaodong Chen, E-mail: ; Ronghua Yang,
| | - Ronghua Yang
- Correspondence. Xiaodong Chen, E-mail: ; Ronghua Yang,
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hair-follicle-associated pluripotent (HAP) stem cells differentiate into mature beating cardiomyocyte sheets on flexible substrates in vitro. Med Mol Morphol 2022; 55:248-257. [PMID: 35536435 DOI: 10.1007/s00795-022-00322-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Cardiomyocytes have been differentiated from various stem cells such as human embryonic stem cells (ESC) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC), but it is difficult to produce mature cardiomyocytes. We showed rat hair-follicle-associated pluripotent (HAP) stem cells have pluripotency and produced mature beating cardiomyocyte sheets differentiated from rat HAP stem cells. The upper parts of rat vibrissa hair follicles were cultured in 10% FBS DMEM and stained with antibodies of the ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm system to show the differentiation of multiple cell types. Moreover, HAP stem cells were cultured under three different conditions to decide the most suitable culture conditions for making beating cardiomyocyte sheets. The beating cardiomyocyte sheets were shown to be mature by staining sarcomere structures. Isoproterenol alone and the combination of isoproterenol, activin A, bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) effectively induced beating long-fiber cardiomyocytes, which formed beating sheets, only in the presence of all four agents. Flexible substrates were essential for the differentiation of sheets of mature beating cardiomyocytes for HAP stem cells. The features of the cardiomyocytes differentiated from HAP stem cells demonstrate they have clinical potential for heart regeneration.
Collapse
|
9
|
Obara K, Shirai K, Hamada Y, Arakawa N, Yamane M, Takaoka N, Aki R, Hoffman RM, Amoh Y. Chronic spinal cord injury functionally repaired by direct implantation of encapsulated hair-follicle-associated pluripotent (HAP) stem cells in a mouse model: Potential for clinical regenerative medicine. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0262755. [PMID: 35085322 PMCID: PMC8794105 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic spinal cord injury (SCI) is a highly debilitating and recalcitrant disease with limited treatment options. Although various stem cell types have shown some clinical efficacy for injury repair they have not for SCI. Hair-follicle-associated pluripotent (HAP) stem cells have been shown to differentiate into neurons, Schwan cells, beating cardiomyocytes and many other type of cells, and have effectively regenerated acute spinal cord injury in mouse models. In the present report, HAP stem cells from C57BL/6J mice, encapsulated in polyvinylidene fluoride membranes (PFM), were implanted into the severed thoracic spinal cord of C57BL/6J or athymic nude mice in the early chronic phase. After implantation, HAP stem cells differentiated to neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes in the regenerated thoracic spinal cord of C57BL/6J and nude mice. Quantitative motor function analysis, with the Basso Mouse Scale for Locomotion (BMS) score, demonstrated a significant functional improvement in the HAP-stem-cell-implanted mice, compared to non-implanted mice. HAP stem cells have critical advantages over other stem cells: they do not develop teratomas; do not loose differentiation ability when cryopreserved and thus are bankable; are autologous, readily obtained from anyone; and do not require genetic manipulation. HAP stem cells therefore have greater clinical potential for SCI repair than induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), neuronal stem cells (NSCs)/neural progenitor cells (NPCs) or embryonic stem cells (ESCs). The present report demonstrates future clinical potential of HAP-stem-cell repair of chronic spinal cord injury, currently a recalcitrant disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Koya Obara
- Department of Dermatology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kyoumi Shirai
- Department of Dermatology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yuko Hamada
- Department of Dermatology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Nobuko Arakawa
- Department of Dermatology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Michiko Yamane
- Department of Dermatology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Nanako Takaoka
- Department of Dermatology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Aki
- Department of Dermatology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Robert M. Hoffman
- AntiCancer, Inc., San Diego, California, United States of America
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America
- * E-mail: (YA); (RMH)
| | - Yasuyuki Amoh
- Department of Dermatology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- * E-mail: (YA); (RMH)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hernaez-Estrada B, Gonzalez-Pujana A, Cuevas A, Izeta A, Spiller KL, Igartua M, Santos-Vizcaino E, Hernandez RM. Human Hair Follicle-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells from the Lower Dermal Sheath as a Competitive Alternative for Immunomodulation. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10020253. [PMID: 35203464 PMCID: PMC8868584 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have unique immunomodulatory capacities. We investigated hair follicle-derived MSCs (HF-MSCs) from the dermal sheath, which are advantageous as an alternative source because of their relatively painless and minimally risky extraction procedure. These cells expressed neural markers upon isolation and maintained stemness for a minimum of 10 passages. Furthermore, HF-MSCs showed responsiveness to pro-inflammatory environments by expressing type-II major histocompatibility complex antigens (MHC)-II to a lesser extent than adipose tissue-derived MSCs (AT-MSCs). HF-MSCs effectively inhibited the proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells equivalently to AT-MSCs. Additionally, HF-MSCs promoted the induction of CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ regulatory T cells to the same extent as AT-MSCs. Finally, HF-MSCs, more so than AT-MSCs, skewed M0 and M1 macrophages towards M2 phenotypes, with upregulation of typical M2 markers CD163 and CD206 and downregulation of M1 markers such as CD64, CD86, and MHC-II. Thus, we conclude that HF-MSCs are a promising source for immunomodulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Hernaez-Estrada
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (B.H.-E.); (K.L.S.)
- NanoBioCel Research Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (A.G.-P.); (M.I.)
| | - Ainhoa Gonzalez-Pujana
- NanoBioCel Research Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (A.G.-P.); (M.I.)
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | | | - Ander Izeta
- Tissue Engineering Group, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain;
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, School of Engineering, Tecnun-University of Navarra, 20009 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Kara L. Spiller
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (B.H.-E.); (K.L.S.)
| | - Manoli Igartua
- NanoBioCel Research Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (A.G.-P.); (M.I.)
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Edorta Santos-Vizcaino
- NanoBioCel Research Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (A.G.-P.); (M.I.)
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Correspondence: (E.S.-V.); (R.M.H.); Tel.: +34-945-01-3093 (E.S.-V.); +34-945-01-3095 (R.M.H.)
| | - Rosa Maria Hernandez
- NanoBioCel Research Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (A.G.-P.); (M.I.)
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Correspondence: (E.S.-V.); (R.M.H.); Tel.: +34-945-01-3093 (E.S.-V.); +34-945-01-3095 (R.M.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Peterson A, Nair L. Hair Follicle Stem Cells for Tissue Regeneration. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2021; 28:695-706. [PMID: 34238037 PMCID: PMC9419938 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2021.0098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
With the positive outcomes of various cell therapies currently under pre-clinical and clinical studies, there is a significant interest in novel stem cell sources with unique therapeutic properties. Studies over the past two decades or so demonstrated the feasibility to isolate multipotent/pluripotent stem cells from hair follicles. The easy accessibility, high proliferation and differentiation ability as well as lack of ethical concerns associated with this stem cell source make hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs) attractive candidate for cell therapy and tissue engineering. This review discusses the various stem cell types identified in rodent and human hair follicles and ongoing studies on the potential use of HFSCs for skin, bone, cardio-vascular, and nerve tissue engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa Peterson
- University of Connecticut, 7712, Storrs, Connecticut, United States;
| | - Lakshmi Nair
- University of Connecticut Health Center, 21654, Orthopaedic Surgery, Farmington, Connecticut, United States;
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Yamane M, Takaoka N, Obara K, Shirai K, Aki R, Hamada Y, Arakawa N, Hoffman RM, Amoh Y. Hair-Follicle-Associated Pluripotent (HAP) Stem Cells Can Extensively Differentiate to Tyrosine-Hydroxylase-Expressing Dopamine-Secreting Neurons. Cells 2021; 10:864. [PMID: 33920157 PMCID: PMC8069047 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Hair-follicle-associated pluripotent (HAP) stem cells are located in the bulge area of hair follicles from mice and humans and have been shown to differentiate to neurons, glia, keratinocytes, smooth muscle cells, melanocytes and beating cardiac muscle cells in vitro. Subsequently, we demonstrated that HAP stem cells could effect nerve and spinal-cord regeneration in mouse models, differentiating to Schwann cells and neurons in this process. HAP stem cells can be banked by cryopreservation and preserve their ability to differentiate. In the present study, we demonstrated that mouse HAP stem cells cultured in neural-induction medium can extensively differentiate to dopaminergic neurons, which express tyrosine hydroxylase and secrete dopamine. These results indicate that the dopaminergic neurons differentiated from HAP stem cells may be useful in the future to improve the symptoms of Parkinson's disease in the clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michiko Yamane
- Department of Dermatology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami Ward, Sagamihara 252-0374, Japan; (M.Y.); (N.T.); (K.O.); (K.S.); (R.A.); (Y.H.); (N.A.)
| | - Nanako Takaoka
- Department of Dermatology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami Ward, Sagamihara 252-0374, Japan; (M.Y.); (N.T.); (K.O.); (K.S.); (R.A.); (Y.H.); (N.A.)
| | - Koya Obara
- Department of Dermatology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami Ward, Sagamihara 252-0374, Japan; (M.Y.); (N.T.); (K.O.); (K.S.); (R.A.); (Y.H.); (N.A.)
| | - Kyoumi Shirai
- Department of Dermatology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami Ward, Sagamihara 252-0374, Japan; (M.Y.); (N.T.); (K.O.); (K.S.); (R.A.); (Y.H.); (N.A.)
| | - Ryoichi Aki
- Department of Dermatology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami Ward, Sagamihara 252-0374, Japan; (M.Y.); (N.T.); (K.O.); (K.S.); (R.A.); (Y.H.); (N.A.)
| | - Yuko Hamada
- Department of Dermatology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami Ward, Sagamihara 252-0374, Japan; (M.Y.); (N.T.); (K.O.); (K.S.); (R.A.); (Y.H.); (N.A.)
| | - Nobuko Arakawa
- Department of Dermatology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami Ward, Sagamihara 252-0374, Japan; (M.Y.); (N.T.); (K.O.); (K.S.); (R.A.); (Y.H.); (N.A.)
| | - Robert M. Hoffman
- AntiCancer, Inc., 7917 Ostrow Street, San Diego, CA 92111, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, CA 92037-7220, USA
| | - Yasuyuki Amoh
- Department of Dermatology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami Ward, Sagamihara 252-0374, Japan; (M.Y.); (N.T.); (K.O.); (K.S.); (R.A.); (Y.H.); (N.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Georgakopoulou EA, Valsamidi C, Veroutis D, Havaki S. The bright and dark side of skin senescence. Could skin rejuvenation anti-senescence interventions become a "bright" new strategy for the prevention of age-related skin pathologies? Mech Ageing Dev 2020; 193:111409. [PMID: 33249190 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2020.111409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The number of senescent cells in the skin is increasing with age. Numerous studies have attempted to elucidate the role of these cells in normal aging of the skin as well as in age-related skin conditions. In recent years, attempts have also been made to find treatments that aim either to cleanse the skin tissues of senescent cells or to neutralize their effects (referred to as senolytics and senomorphics respectively) and thus prevent the consequences, particularly on the skin's appearance in advanced age. Through this review, we have tried to gather data on the role of senescent cells in the skin, in treatments aimed at removing them, and we are asking a reasonable question as to whether anti-senescence treatments may contribute to the protection against age-related skin pathologies, including skin cancer, such as non-melanoma skin cancer, in addition to their involvement in skin rejuvenation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eleni A Georgakopoulou
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Str., 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Valsamidi
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Str., 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Veroutis
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Str., 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Sophia Havaki
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Str., 11527 Athens, Greece.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Huang T, Zhang Y, Wang Z, Zeng Y, Wang N, Fan H, Huang Z, Su Y, Huang X, Chen H, Zhang K, Yi C. Optogenetically Controlled TrkA Activity Improves the Regenerative Capacity of Hair-Follicle-Derived Stem Cells to Differentiate into Neurons and Glia. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2020; 5:e2000134. [PMID: 32924336 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202000134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Hair-follicle-derived stem cells (HSCs) originating from the bulge region of the mouse vibrissa hair follicle are able to differentiate into neuronal and glial lineage cells. The tropomyosin receptor kinase A (TrkA) receptor that is expressed on these cells plays key roles in mediating the survival and differentiation of neural progenitors as well as in the regulation of the growth and regeneration of different neural systems. In this study, the OptoTrkA system is introduced, which is able to stimulate TrkA activity via blue-light illumination in HSCs. This allows to determine whether TrkA signaling is capable of influencing the proliferation, migration, and neural differentiation of these somatic stem cells. It is found that OptoTrkA is able to activate downstream molecules such as ERK and AKT with blue-light illumination, and subsequently able to terminate this kinase activity in the dark. HSCs with OptoTrkA activity show an increased ability for proliferation and migration and also exhibited accelerated neuronal and glial cell differentiation. These findings suggest that the precise control of TrkA activity using optogenetic tools is a viable strategy for the regeneration of neurons from HSCs, and also provides a novel insight into the clinical application of optogenetic tools in cell-transplantation therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taida Huang
- The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Zitian Wang
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yunxin Zeng
- The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Nan Wang
- The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Huaxun Fan
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Zhangsen Huang
- The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Yixun Su
- The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Xiaomin Huang
- The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Hui Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, PO Box 123, Broadway, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Chenju Yi
- The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Emmert H, Rademacher F, Gläser R, Harder J. Skin microbiota analysis in human 3D skin models-"Free your mice". Exp Dermatol 2020; 29:1133-1139. [PMID: 32748435 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In the May issue of Experimental Dermatology 2018, we published a review article focusing on human 3D skin models in the context of microbiota research. The principal intention was to provide an overview of present and future concepts to use skin models in microbiota analyses. With the present viewpoint, we would like to draw the reader's attention again to the use of human skin models in microbiota research with the aim to highlight the benefits and necessity of human skin models to analyse the human skin-microbiota interaction. This is accompanied by a critical view on mice models that often are not suitable to analyse the functional impact of the human skin microbiota. In addition, we present novel and future concepts highlighting the benefits of human 3D skin models in microbiota research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hila Emmert
- Department of Dermatology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Regine Gläser
- Department of Dermatology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jürgen Harder
- Department of Dermatology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| |
Collapse
|