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Mohd Hanafiah Z, Wan Mohtar WHM, Wan-Mohtar WAAQI, Bithi AS, Rohani R, Indarto A, Yaseen ZM, Sharil S, Binti Abdul Manan TS. Removal of pharmaceutical compounds and toxicology study in wastewater using Malaysian fungal Ganoderma lucidum. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 358:142209. [PMID: 38697564 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Elevated usage of pharmaceutical products leads to the accumulation of emerging contaminants in sewage. In the current work, Ganoderma lucidum (GL) was used to remove pharmaceutical compounds (PCs), proposed as a tertiary method in sewage treatment plants (STPs). The PCs consisted of a group of painkillers (ketoprofen, diclofenac, and dexamethasone), psychiatrists (carbamazepine, venlafaxine, and citalopram), beta-blockers (atenolol, metoprolol, and propranolol), and anti-hypertensives (losartan and valsartan). The performance of 800 mL of synthetic water, effluent STP, and hospital wastewater (HWW) was evaluated. Parameters, including treatment time, inoculum volume, and mechanical agitation speed, have been tested. The toxicity of the GL after treatment is being studied based on exposure levels to zebrafish embryos (ZFET) and the morphology of the GL has been observed via Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM). The findings conclude that GL can reduce PCs from <10% to >90%. Diclofenac and valsartan are the highest (>90%) in the synthetic model, while citalopram and propranolol (>80%) are in the real wastewater. GL effectively removed pollutants in 48 h, 1% of the inoculum volume, and 50 rpm. The ZFET showed GL is non-toxic (LC50 is 209.95 mg/mL). In the morphology observation, pellets GL do not show major differences after treatment, showing potential to be used for a longer treatment time and to be re-useable in the system. GL offers advantages to removing PCs in water due to their non-specific extracellular enzymes that allow for the biodegradation of PCs and indicates a good potential in real-world applications as a favourable alternative treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zarimah Mohd Hanafiah
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, UKM, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia; Functional Omics and Bioprocess Development Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Wan Hanna Melini Wan Mohtar
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, UKM, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia; Environmental Management Centre, Institute of Climate Change, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, UKM, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Wan Abd Al Qadr Imad Wan-Mohtar
- Functional Omics and Bioprocess Development Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Aziza Sultana Bithi
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, UKM, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Rosiah Rohani
- Department of Chemical & Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, UKM, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Antonius Indarto
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
| | - Zaher Mundher Yaseen
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suraya Sharil
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, UKM, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Teh Sabariah Binti Abdul Manan
- Institute of Tropical Biodiversity and Sustainable Development, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
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Zahuri AA, Wan Mohtar WHM, Hanafiah ZM, Abdul Patah MF, Show PL, Gafforov Y, Wan-Mohtar WAAQI. Mycoremediation of Industrial Textile Wastewater Using Ganoderma lucidum Pellets and Activated Dolomite in Batch Bioreactor. Mol Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12033-023-01035-z. [PMID: 38286973 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-01035-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
In the world of fast fashion, textile industries are blooming rapidly to meet the consumer's demands. However, vast amounts of wastewater have been constantly produced, and it is becoming a serious environmental problem in the waterways. Although the technology for treating textile wastewater has been well reported and established, more sustainable efforts have taken the attention nowadays. Through the use of living Malaysian Ganoderma lucidum mycelial pellets (GL) and activated dolomite (AD) in the treatment system, the study explores the synergy between biosorption and physisorption as alternative treatment for textile wastewater. In the current work, mixture of GL premixed with AD (50:50; v/v) is used to treat industrial textile wastewater. The morphology, adsorption characteristics, and antibacterial activity of the adsorbents were studied. The mixture of adsorbents is capable of removing colours by 77.8% and reducing chemical oxygen demand (COD) by 75% within 48 h contact. Furthermore, the kinetic and adsorption had been studied and follow the pseudo-first-order kinetic model while both adsorption of Langmuir and Freundlich model was deduced from the treatment. In addition, antimicrobial activities from the treatment potentially reduced 10 × 101 CFU/mL after 48 h. The synergistic treatment by Ganoderma lucidum mycelial pellets and activated dolomite has immense potential in future wastewater treatment technology to obtain cleaner water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afnan Ahmadi Zahuri
- Functional Omics and Bioprocess Development Laboratory, Faculty of Science, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Wan Hanna Melini Wan Mohtar
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Build Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Malaysia
| | - Zarimah Mohd Hanafiah
- Functional Omics and Bioprocess Development Laboratory, Faculty of Science, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Build Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Malaysia
| | - Muhamad Fazly Abdul Patah
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Pau-Loke Show
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Malaysia
| | - Yusufjon Gafforov
- Central Asian Center for Development Studies, New Uzbekistan University, 100000, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Wan Abd Al Qadr Imad Wan-Mohtar
- Functional Omics and Bioprocess Development Laboratory, Faculty of Science, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Hanafiah ZM, Azmi AR, Wan-Mohtar WAAQI, Olivito F, Golemme G, Ilham Z, Jamaludin AA, Razali N, Halim-Lim SA, Wan Mohtar WHM. Water Quality Assessment and Decolourisation of Contaminated Ex-Mining Lake Water Using Bioreactor Dye-Eating Fungus (BioDeF) System: A Real Case Study. TOXICS 2024; 12:60. [PMID: 38251015 PMCID: PMC10818540 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12010060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
The environmental conditions of a lake are influenced by its type and various environmental forces such as water temperature, nutrients content, and longitude and latitude to which it is exposed. Due to population growth and development limits, former mining lakes are being converted to more lucrative land uses like those of recreational zones, agriculture, and livestock. The fungus Ganoderma lucidum has the potential to be utilised as a substitute or to perform synergistic bacteria-coupled functions in efficient contaminated lake water treatment. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the water quality and water quality index (WQI) of an ex-mining lake named Main Lake in the Paya Indah Wetland, Selangor. Furthermore, the current work simulates the use of a Malaysian fungus in decolourising the contaminated ex-mining lake by the BioDeF system in a 300 mL jar inoculated with 10% (v/v) of pre-grown Ganoderma lucidum pellets for 48 h. According to the results, the lake water is low in pH (5.49 ± 0.1 on average), of a highly intense dark brownish colour (average reading of 874.67 ± 3.7 TCU), and high in iron (Fe) content (3.2422 ± 0.2533 mg/L). The water quality index of the lake was between 54.59 and 57.44, with an average value of 56.45; thus, the water was categorized as Class III, i.e., under-polluted water, according to the Malaysian Department of Environment Water Quality Index (DOE-WQI, DOE 2020). The batch bioreactor BioDeF system significantly reduced more than 90% of the water's colour. The utilization of Ganoderma lucidum as an adsorbent material offers a variety of advantages, as it is easily available and cultivated, and it is not toxic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zarimah Mohd Hanafiah
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Build Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Malaysia;
| | - Ammar Radzi Azmi
- Functional Omics and Bioprocess Development Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
| | - Wan Abd Al Qadr Imad Wan-Mohtar
- Functional Omics and Bioprocess Development Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
| | - Fabrizio Olivito
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Golemme
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy;
| | - Zul Ilham
- Environmental Science and Management Program, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (Z.I.); (A.A.J.)
| | - Adi Ainurzaman Jamaludin
- Environmental Science and Management Program, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (Z.I.); (A.A.J.)
| | - Nadzmin Razali
- Gamuda Land, Menara Gamuda, PJ Trade Centre, No. 8 Jalan PJU 8/8A, Bandar Damansara Perdana, Petaling Jaya 47820, Malaysia
| | - Sarina Abdul Halim-Lim
- Operational and Quality Management Unit, Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Wan Hanna Melini Wan Mohtar
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Build Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Malaysia;
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Mohd Zaini NA, Azizan NAZ, Abd Rahim MH, Jamaludin AA, Raposo A, Raseetha S, Zandonadi RP, BinMowyna MN, Raheem D, Lho LH, Han H, Wan-Mohtar WAAQI. A narrative action on the battle against hunger using mushroom, peanut, and soybean-based wastes. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1175509. [PMID: 37250070 PMCID: PMC10213758 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1175509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous generations have been affected by hunger, which still affects hundreds of millions of people worldwide. The hunger crisis is worsening although many efforts have been made to minimize it. Besides that, food waste is one of the critical problems faced by most countries worldwide. It has disrupted the food chain system due to inefficient waste management, while negatively impacting the environment. The majority of the waste is from the food production process, resulting in a net zero production for food manufacturers while also harnessing its potential. Most food production wastes are high in nutritional and functional values, yet most of them end up as low-cost animal feed and plant fertilizers. This review identified key emerging wastes from the production line of mushroom, peanut, and soybean (MPS). These wastes (MPS) provide a new source for food conversion due to their high nutritional content, which contributes to a circular economy in the post-pandemic era and ensures food security. In order to achieve carbon neutrality and effective waste management for the production of alternative foods, biotechnological processes such as digestive, fermentative, and enzymatic conversions are essential. The article provides a narrative action on the critical potential application and challenges of MPS as future foods in the battle against hunger.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurul Aqilah Mohd Zaini
- Department of Food Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nur Asyiqin Zahia Azizan
- Functional Omics and Bioprocess Development Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Muhamad Hafiz Abd Rahim
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Adi Ainurzaman Jamaludin
- Environmental Management Programme, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - António Raposo
- CBIOS (Research Center for Biosciences and Health Technologies), Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Siva Raseetha
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Renata Puppin Zandonadi
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Mona N. BinMowyna
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dele Raheem
- Northern Institute for Environmental and Minority Law (NIEM), Arctic Centre, University of Lapland, Rovaniemi, Finland
| | - Linda Heejung Lho
- College of Business, Division of Tourism and Hotel Management, Cheongju University, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Heesup Han
- College of Hospitality and Tourism Management, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wan Abd Al Qadr Imad Wan-Mohtar
- Functional Omics and Bioprocess Development Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Guo J, Liu YF, Tang CH, Zhang JS, Feng J. The key technologies of Ganoderma lucidum liquid spawn preparation and scale expansion. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 39:138. [PMID: 36991290 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03581-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Ganoderma lucidum possesses a variety of valuable pharmacological activities, and it has long been used to prevent and treat various human diseases. Up to now, far too little attention has been paid to the liquid spawn of G. lucidum, and the development of the G. lucidum industry is constrained by them. This work aimed to study the key technologies and scale-up preparation of G. lucidum liquid spawn, to achieve large-scale preparation of liquid spawn and solve the problem of unstable quality of G. lucidum. The plate culture, primary shake flask culture, shake flask preparation, and fermentor preparation of G. lucidum liquid spawn were explored in the process of liquid fermentation. The results showed that plate broth volume significantly affected mycelial growth rate. Biomass in the primary shake flask culture is significantly influenced by the picking position of plate mycelium. An artificial neural network coupled with a genetic algorithm was used for carbon and nitrogen sources concentration optimization to increase biomass and substrate utilization. The optimized parameter combination is as follows: glucose, 14.5 g L-1; yeast extract powder, 8.5 g L-1. Under this condition, the biomass (9.82 g L-1) and biomass on reducing sugar (0.79 g g-1) increased by 18.03% and 27.41% compared to the control, respectively. The metabolic activity of liquid spawn prepared by different fermentation scales was diverse, and the liquid spawn prepared by the fermentor has better activity. Conceivably, the liquid spawn process can more conducive be applied to large-scale industrial production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Guo
- Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South) of Ministry of Agriculture, China. National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding of Shanghai. Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 1000 Jinqi Road, Fengxian District, Shanghai, 201403, China
| | - Yan-Fang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South) of Ministry of Agriculture, China. National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding of Shanghai. Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 1000 Jinqi Road, Fengxian District, Shanghai, 201403, China
| | - Chuan-Hong Tang
- Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South) of Ministry of Agriculture, China. National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding of Shanghai. Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 1000 Jinqi Road, Fengxian District, Shanghai, 201403, China
| | - Jing-Song Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South) of Ministry of Agriculture, China. National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding of Shanghai. Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 1000 Jinqi Road, Fengxian District, Shanghai, 201403, China.
| | - Jie Feng
- Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South) of Ministry of Agriculture, China. National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding of Shanghai. Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 1000 Jinqi Road, Fengxian District, Shanghai, 201403, China.
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Mooralitharan S, Mohd Hanafiah Z, Abd Manan TSB, Muhammad-Sukki F, Wan-Mohtar WAAQI, Wan Mohtar WHM. Vital Conditions to Remove Pollutants from Synthetic Wastewater Using Malaysian Ganoderma lucidum. SUSTAINABILITY 2023; 15:3819. [DOI: 10.3390/su15043819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Mycoremediation, a fungal-based technology, has seen tremendous growth as an effective alternative to treat industrial wastewater due to its ability to oxidise pollutant loadings. Considering the non-toxic properties and high potential degradation performance of Ganoderma lucidum, this research aims to study the performance of a Malaysian G. lucidum strain, the effect of agitation speed, and different carbon-to-nitrogen (C/N) ratio concentrations of synthetic wastewater in degrading chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonia. Different agitation speeds (25 rpm, 50 rpm and 100 rpm) and C/N ratios (C10N1, C13.3N1 and C16.7N1) were chosen as parameters to be analysed in this study. The best degradation of COD and ammonia with a percentage removal in the range of 95% to 100% within 30 h of treatment. ANOVA analysis was done using the response surface methodology to verify the obtained results, and it was found that mycoremediation using 100 rpm agitation provided the best results, removing more than 95% of COD and ammonia from synthetic wastewater. The microscopic analysis also showed that the structure of G. lucidum changed after wastewater treatment. This result proved that the Malaysian G. lucidum strain has a good potential in treating synthetic domestic wastewater, especially with high organic content, as a naturally sustainable bioremediation system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silambarasi Mooralitharan
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Zarimah Mohd Hanafiah
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Teh Sabariah Binti Abd Manan
- Institute of Tropical Biodiversity and Sustainable Development, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia
- School of Civil Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal 14300, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Firdaus Muhammad-Sukki
- School of Computing, Engineering & the Built Environment, Merchiston Campus, Edinburgh Napier University, 10 Colinton Road, Edinburgh EH10 5DT, UK
- Solar Research Institute (SRI), School of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Shah Alam 40450, Selangor, Malaysia
- Razak Faculty of Technology and Informatics, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, Kuala Lumpur 54100, Malaysia
| | - Wan Abd Al Qadr Imad Wan-Mohtar
- Solar Research Institute (SRI), School of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Shah Alam 40450, Selangor, Malaysia
- Functional Omics and Bioprocess Development Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Wan Hanna Melini Wan Mohtar
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
- Environmental Management Centre, Institute of Climate Change, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
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Wan Mohtar WHM, Wan-Mohtar WAAQI, Zahuri AA, Ibrahim MF, Show PL, Ilham Z, Jamaludin AA, Abdul Patah MF, Ahmad Usuldin SR, Rowan N. Role of ascomycete and basidiomycete fungi in meeting established and emerging sustainability opportunities: a review. Bioengineered 2022; 13:14903-14935. [PMID: 37105672 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2023.2184785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Fungal biomass is the future's feedstock. Non-septate Ascomycetes and septate Basidiomycetes, famously known as mushrooms, are sources of fungal biomass. Fungal biomass, which on averagely comprises about 34% protein and 45% carbohydrate, can be cultivated in bioreactors to produce affordable, safe, nontoxic, and consistent biomass quality. Fungal-based technologies are seen as attractive, safer alternatives, either substituting or complementing the existing standard technology. Water and wastewater treatment, food and feed, green technology, innovative designs in buildings, enzyme technology, potential health benefits, and wealth production are the key sectors that successfully reported high-efficiency performances of fungal applications. This paper reviews the latest technical know-how, methods, and performance of fungal adaptation in those sectors. Excellent performance was reported indicating high potential for fungi utilization, particularly in the sectors, yet to be utilized and improved on the existing fungal-based applications. The expansion of fungal biomass in the industrial-scale application for the sustainability of earth and human well-being is in line with the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Hanna Melini Wan Mohtar
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
- Environmental Management Centre, Institute of Climate Change, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Wan Abd Al Qadr Imad Wan-Mohtar
- Functional Omics and Bioprocess Development Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Research Institutes and Industry Centres, Bioscience Research Institute, Technological University of the Shannon, MidlandsMidwest, Westmeath, Ireland
| | - Afnan Ahmadi Zahuri
- Functional Omics and Bioprocess Development Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohamad Faizal Ibrahim
- Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Pau-Loke Show
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Malaysia
| | - Zul Ilham
- Environmental Science and Management Program, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Adi Ainurzaman Jamaludin
- Environmental Science and Management Program, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Muhamad Fazly Abdul Patah
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Siti Rokhiyah Ahmad Usuldin
- Functional Omics and Bioprocess Development Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Agro-Biotechnology Institute, Malaysia, National Institutes of Biotechnology Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Neil Rowan
- Research Institutes and Industry Centres, Bioscience Research Institute, Technological University of the Shannon, MidlandsMidwest, Westmeath, Ireland
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Golovko O, Kaczmarek M, Asp H, Bergstrand KJ, Ahrens L, Hultberg M. Uptake of perfluoroalkyl substances, pharmaceuticals, and parabens by oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus) and exposure risk in human consumption. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 291:132898. [PMID: 34780735 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Organic micropollutants (MPs) pose potential threats to environmental ecosystems and human health. This study investigated uptake of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), pharmaceuticals, and paraben by edible oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus), cultivated on spiked growth substrate. Concentrations of pharmaceuticals and paraben in substrate showed a decreasing trend over a 20-day harvesting period, whereas PFAS concentrations were variable over the harvesting period. However, only propylparaben, clarithromycin, and PFASs were detected in fruiting bodies of oyster mushroom. Uptake of PFASs by oyster mushroom fruit bodies was negatively correlated with perfluorocarbon chain length. An impact of MPs on fungal colonization was observed, with decreased respiration in treatments with the highest concentration of MPs, but production of fruiting bodies was not affected by exposure level. The potential human risk from ingestion of MPs was evaluated for oyster mushrooms exposed to the highest concentration of MPs in substrate, based on acceptable daily intake (ADI).
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Affiliation(s)
- Oksana Golovko
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), SE-75007, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Michał Kaczmarek
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), SE-75007, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Håkan Asp
- Department of Biosystems and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Växtskyddsvägen 3, SE-230 53, Alnarp, Sweden
| | - Karl-Johan Bergstrand
- Department of Biosystems and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Växtskyddsvägen 3, SE-230 53, Alnarp, Sweden
| | - Lutz Ahrens
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), SE-75007, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Malin Hultberg
- Department of Biosystems and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Växtskyddsvägen 3, SE-230 53, Alnarp, Sweden
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Wang Z, Liao X, Wang X, Bai Y, Huang H, Shen K, Sun L, Liu B, Fan Z. Converting Complex Sewage Containing Oil, Silt, and Bacteria into Clean Water by a 3D Printed Multiscale and Multifunctional Filter. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:8509-8521. [PMID: 35005937 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c01004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The exacerbating water pollution and water resource shortage pose a great danger to human health and make it imperative to recycle and treat the sewage. In this study, a direct-writing three-dimensional (3D) printing technology was adopted to prepare a 3D sodium alginate (SA)/graphene oxide (GO)/Ag nanoparticle (AgNP) aerogel (SGA), aiming to turn the complex sewage containing oil, silt, and bacteria into clean water depending only on gravity separation. The physicochemical properties and surface structure of the synthesized SGA were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The swelling rate, mechanical properties, antibacterial properties, oil and water separation effect, and durable stability of the filter membrane were also investigated to verify the versatility of the SGA filter. The results showed that GO helped improve the mechanical properties of the printed filter to withstand water impact during the filtration process. The printed filter had a well-designed and multiscale gradient pore structure, which can effectively intercept particles with different sizes to separate the silt from water, and the turbidity of the filtered water can be reduced from 60 to 1 nephelometric turbidity unit (NTU). The presence of SA endowed the printed filter with hydrophilic and oleophobic behaviors, which can effectively separate various kinds of oils from water. The uniform distribution of AgNPs in the filter produced via a facile and green reduction of SA facilitated the efficient bactericidal ability of the printed filter during the filtration process; meanwhile, the lower release concentration of Ag ions ensured drinking safety. What is more, the filter can be easily produced on a large scale and used for different sewage treatment situations with a durable stability of over 30 days. Taken together, the printed SGA filter has a broad application prospect in complex sewage treatment, providing a special solution for sewage treatment in poverty areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Dental Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Biological Intelligence Manufacturing, Gansu Province School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiaozhu Liao
- Key Laboratory of Dental Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Biological Intelligence Manufacturing, Gansu Province School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xusen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Dental Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Biological Intelligence Manufacturing, Gansu Province School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yan Bai
- Key Laboratory of Dental Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Biological Intelligence Manufacturing, Gansu Province School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Haofei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Dental Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Biological Intelligence Manufacturing, Gansu Province School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Kuangyu Shen
- Polymer Program, Institute of Materials Science and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Luyi Sun
- Polymer Program, Institute of Materials Science and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Bin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Dental Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Biological Intelligence Manufacturing, Gansu Province School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zengjie Fan
- Key Laboratory of Dental Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Biological Intelligence Manufacturing, Gansu Province School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
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Zheng Z, Ali A, Su J, Huang T, Wang Y, Zhang S. Fungal pellets immobilized bacterial bioreactor for efficient nitrate removal at low C/N wastewater. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 332:125113. [PMID: 33853027 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, fungal pellets immobilized denitrifying Pseudomonas stutzeri sp. GF3 was cultivated to establish a bioreactor. The denitrification effect of fixed bacteria with fungal pellets was tested by response surface methodology (RSM). Analysis of the bioreactor showed that the denitrification efficiency reached 100% under the optimal conditions and the denitrification efficiency of the actual wastewater treatment in the stable phase reached 95.91%. Moreover, the organic matter and functional groups in the bioreactor under different C/N conditions were analyzed by fluorescence excitation-emission matrix (EEM) spectra and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), which revealed that metabolic activities of denitrifying bacteria were enhanced with the increase of C/N. The morphology and structure of bacteria immobilized by fungal pellets explored by scanning electron microscope (SEM) showed the filamentous porous fungal pellets loaded with bacteria. Community structure analysis by high-throughput sequencing demonstrated that strain GF3 might was the dominant strain in bioreactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijie Zheng
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Amjad Ali
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Junfeng Su
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China.
| | - Tinglin Huang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Yue Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
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Wan-Mohtar WAAQI, Taufek NM, Yerima G, Rahman J, Thiran JP, Subramaniam K, Sabaratnam V. Effect of bioreactor-grown biomass from Ganoderma lucidum mycelium on growth performance and physiological response of red hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) for sustainable aquaculture. ORGANIC AGRICULTURE 2021; 11:327-335. [DOI: 10.1007/s13165-020-00303-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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Mooralitharan S, Hanafiah ZM, Manan TSBA, Hasan HA, Jensen HS, Wan-Mohtar WAAQI, Mohtar WHMW. Optimization of mycoremediation treatment for the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonia nitrogen (AN) removal from domestic effluent using wild-Serbian Ganoderma lucidum (WSGL). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:10.1007/s11356-021-12686-3. [PMID: 33624249 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12686-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The fungi-based technology, wild-Serbian Ganoderma lucidum (WSGL) as myco-alternative to existing conventional microbial-based wastewater treatment is introduced in this study as a potential alternative treatment. The mycoremediation is highly persistent for its capability to oxidatively breakdown pollutant substrates and widely researched for its medicinal properties. Utilizing the nonhazardous properties and high degradation performance of WSGL, this research aims to optimize mycoremediation treatment design for chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonia nitrogen (AN) removal in domestic wastewater based on proposed Model 1 (temperature and treatment time) and Model 2 (volume of pellet and treatment time) via response surface methodology (RSM). Combined process variables were temperature (0C) (Model 1) and the volume of mycelial pellets (%) (Model 2) against treatment time (hour). Response variables for these two sets of central composite design (CCD) were the removal efficiencies of COD (%) and AN (%). The regression line fitted well with the data with R2 values of 0.9840 (Model 1-COD), 0.9477 (Model 1-AN), 0.9988 (Model 2-COD), and 0.9990 (Model 2-AN). The lack of fit test gives the highest value of sum of squares equal to 9494.91 (Model 1-COD), 9701.68 (Model 1-AN), 23786.55 (Model 2-COD), and 13357.02 (Model 2-AN), with probability F values less than 0.05 showing significant models. The optimized temperature for Model 1 was at 25 °C within 24 h of treatment time with 95.1% COD and 96.3% AN removals. The optimized condition (temperature) in Model 1 was further studied in Model 2. The optimized volume of pellet for Model 2 was 0.25% in 24-h treatment time with 76.0% COD and 78.4% AN removals. Overall, the ascended sequence of high volume of pellet considered in Model 2 will slow down the degradation process. The best fit volume of pellet with maximum degradation of COD and AN is equivalent to 0.1% at 25 °C in 24 h. The high performance achieved demonstrates that the mycoremediation of G. lucidum is highly potential as part of the wastewater treatment system in treating domestic wastewater of high organic loadings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silambarasi Mooralitharan
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Zarimah Mohd Hanafiah
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Teh Sabariah Binti Abd Manan
- Institute of Tropical Biodiversity and Sustainable Development, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Hassimi Abu Hasan
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Henriette S Jensen
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Wan Abd Al Qadr Imad Wan-Mohtar
- Functional Omics and Bioprocess Development Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Wan Hanna Melini Wan Mohtar
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Isolation, Identification, and Optimization of γ-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA)-Producing Bacillus cereus Strain KBC from a Commercial Soy Sauce moromi in Submerged-Liquid Fermentation. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8060652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A new high γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) producing strain of Bacillus cereus was successfully isolated from soy sauce moromi. This B. cereus strain named KBC shared similar morphological characteristics (Gram-positive, rod-shaped) with the reference B. cereus. 16S rRNA sequence of B. cereus KBC was found to be 99% similar with B. cereus strain OPWW1 under phylogenetic tree analysis. B. cereus KBC cultivated in unoptimized conditions using De Man, Rogosa, Sharpe (MRS) broth was capable of producing 523.74 mg L−1 of GABA within five days of the cultivation period. By using response surface methodology (RSM), pH level, monosodium glutamate (MSG) concentration and temperature were optimized for a high concentration of GABA production. The pH level significantly influenced the GABA production by B. cereus KBC with p-value = 0.0023. GABA production by B. cereus KBC under the optimized condition of pH 7, MSG concentration of 5 g L−1 and temperature of 40 °C resulted in GABA production of 3393.02 mg L−1, which is 6.37-fold higher than under unoptimized conditions. Overall, this study has shown that B. cereus KBC isolated from soy sauce moromi is capable of producing a high concentration of GABA together with the optimal fermentation conditions that have been statistically analysed using RSM.
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