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Kirchner VA, Badshah JS, Kyun Hong S, Martinez O, Pruett TL, Niedernhofer LJ. Effect of Cellular Senescence in Disease Progression and Transplantation: Immune Cells and Solid Organs. Transplantation 2024; 108:1509-1523. [PMID: 37953486 PMCID: PMC11089077 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000004838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Aging of the world population significantly impacts healthcare globally and specifically, the field of transplantation. Together with end-organ dysfunction and prolonged immunosuppression, age increases the frequency of comorbid chronic diseases in transplant candidates and recipients, contributing to inferior outcomes. Although the frequency of death increases with age, limited use of organs from older deceased donors reflects the concerns about organ durability and inadequate function. Cellular senescence (CS) is a hallmark of aging, which occurs in response to a myriad of cellular stressors, leading to activation of signaling cascades that stably arrest cell cycle progression to prevent tumorigenesis. In aging and chronic conditions, senescent cells accumulate as the immune system's ability to clear them wanes, which is causally implicated in the progression of chronic diseases, immune dysfunction, organ damage, decreased regenerative capacity, and aging itself. The intimate interplay between senescent cells, their proinflammatory secretome, and immune cells results in a positive feedback loop, propagating chronic sterile inflammation and the spread of CS. Hence, senescent cells in organs from older donors trigger the recipient's alloimmune response, resulting in the increased risk of graft loss. Eliminating senescent cells or attenuating their inflammatory phenotype is a novel, potential therapeutic target to improve transplant outcomes and expand utilization of organs from older donors. This review focuses on the current knowledge about the impact of CS on circulating immune cells in the context of organ damage and disease progression, discusses the impact of CS on abdominal solid organs that are commonly transplanted, and reviews emerging therapies that target CS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varvara A. Kirchner
- Division of Abdominal Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Joshua S. Badshah
- Division of Abdominal Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Suk Kyun Hong
- Division of Abdominal Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Olivia Martinez
- Division of Abdominal Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Timothy L. Pruett
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Laura J. Niedernhofer
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN
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Li T, Yang K, Tong Y, Guo S, Gao W, Zou X. Targeted Drug Therapy for Senescent Cells Alleviates Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction-Induced Renal Injury in Rats. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:695. [PMID: 38931822 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16060695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Hydronephrosis resulting from unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) is a common cause of renal injury, often progressing to late-stage renal fibrosis or even potential renal failure. Renal injury and repair processes are accompanied by changes in cellular senescence phenotypes. However, the mechanism is poorly understood. The purpose of this study is to clarify the changes in senescence phenotype at different time points in renal disease caused by UUO and to further investigate whether eliminating senescent cells using the anti-senescence drug ABT263 could attenuate UUO-induced renal disease. Specifically, renal tissues were collected from established UUO rat models on days 1, 2, 7, and 14. The extent of renal tissue injury and fibrosis in rats was assessed using histological examination, serum creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen levels. The apoptotic and proliferative capacities of renal tissues and phenotypic changes in cellular senescence were evaluated. After the intervention of the anti-senescence drug ABT263, the cellular senescence as well as tissue damage changes were re-assessed. We found that before the drug intervention, the UUO rats showed significantly declined renal function, accompanied by renal tubular injury, increased inflammatory response, and oxidative stress, alongside aggravated cellular senescence. Meanwhile, after the treatment with ABT263, the rats had a significantly lower number of senescent cells, attenuated renal tubular injury and apoptosis, enhanced proliferation, reduced oxidative stress and inflammation, improved renal function, and markedly inhibited fibrosis. This suggests that the use of the anti-senescence drug ABT263 to eliminate senescent cells can effectively attenuate UUO-induced renal injury. This highlights the critical role of cellular senescence in the transformation of acute injury into chronic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Kexin Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Yinghao Tong
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Shangze Guo
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Wei Gao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Xiangyu Zou
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
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Zeng L, Li J, Gao F, Song Y, Wei L, Qu N, Chen S, Zhao X, Lei Z, Cao W, Chen L, Jiang H. SGLT2i improves kidney senescence by down-regulating the expression of LTBP2 in SAMP8 mice. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18176. [PMID: 38454800 PMCID: PMC10921069 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Senescent kidney can lead to the maladaptive repairment and predispose age-related kidney diseases. Here, we explore the renal anti-senescence effect of a known kind of drug, sodium-dependent glucose transporters 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i). After 4 months intragastrically administration with dapagliflozin on senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8) strain mice, the physiologically effects (lowering urine protein, enhancing glomerular blood perfusion, inhibiting expression of senescence-related biomarkers) and structural changes (improving kidney atrophy, alleviating fibrosis, decreasing glomerular mesangial proliferation) indicate the potential value of delaying kidney senescence of SGLT2i. Senescent human proximal tubular epithelial (HK-2) cells induced by H2 O2 also exhibit lower senescent markers after dapagliflozin treatment. Further mechanism exploration suggests LTBP2 have the great possibility to be the target for SGLT2i to exert its renal anti-senescence role. Dapagliflozin down-regulate the LTBP2 expression in kidney tissues and HK-2 cells with senescent phenotypes. Immunofluorescence staining show SGLT2 and LTBP2 exist colocalization, and protein-docking analysis implies there is salt-bridge formation between them; these all indicate the possibility of weak-interaction between the two proteins. Apart from reducing LTBP2 expression in intracellular area induced by H2 O2 , dapagliflozin also decrease the concentration of LTBP2 in cell culture medium. Together, these results reveal dapagliflozin can delay natural kidney senescence in non-diabetes environment; the mechanism may be through regulating the role of LTBP2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zeng
- Department of Critical Care Nephrology and Blood PurificationThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShannxiChina
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Critical Care Nephrology and Blood PurificationThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShannxiChina
| | - Fanfan Gao
- Department of Critical Care Nephrology and Blood PurificationThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShannxiChina
| | - Yangyang Song
- Department of Critical Care Nephrology and Blood PurificationThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShannxiChina
| | - Limin Wei
- Department of Critical Care Nephrology and Blood PurificationThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShannxiChina
| | - Ning Qu
- Department of Critical Care Nephrology and Blood PurificationThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShannxiChina
| | - Shengnan Chen
- Department of Critical Care Nephrology and Blood PurificationThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShannxiChina
| | - Xue Zhao
- Department of Critical Care Nephrology and Blood PurificationThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShannxiChina
| | - Zitong Lei
- Department of Critical Care Nephrology and Blood PurificationThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShannxiChina
| | - Wenya Cao
- Department of Critical Care Nephrology and Blood PurificationThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShannxiChina
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Critical Care Nephrology and Blood PurificationThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShannxiChina
| | - Hongli Jiang
- Department of Critical Care Nephrology and Blood PurificationThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShannxiChina
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Greite R, Schott S, Wang L, Gohlke L, Kreimann K, Derlin K, Gutberlet M, Schmidbauer M, Leffler A, Tudorache I, Salman J, Ius F, Natanov R, Fegbeutel C, Haverich A, Lichtinghagen R, Hüsing AM, von Vietinghoff S, Schmitt R, Shushakova N, Rong S, Haller H, Schmidt‐Ott KM, Gram M, Vijayan V, Scheffner I, Gwinner W, Immenschuh S. Free heme and hemopexin in acute kidney injury after cardiopulmonary bypass and transient renal ischemia. Clin Transl Sci 2023; 16:2729-2743. [PMID: 37899696 PMCID: PMC10719480 DOI: 10.1111/cts.13667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Free heme is released from hemoproteins during hemolysis or ischemia reperfusion injury and can be pro-inflammatory. Most studies on nephrotoxicity of hemolysis-derived proteins focus on free hemoglobin (fHb) with heme as a prosthetic group. Measurement of heme in its free, non-protein bound, form is challenging and not commonly used in clinical routine diagnostics. In contrast to fHb, the role of free heme in acute kidney injury (AKI) after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) surgery is unknown. Using an apo-horseradish peroxidase-based assay, we identified free heme during CPB surgery as predictor of AKI in patients undergoing cardiac valve replacement (n = 37). Free heme levels during CPB surgery correlated with depletion of hemopexin (Hx), a heme scavenger-protein. In mice, the impact of high levels of circulating free heme on the development of AKI following transient renal ischemia and the therapeutic potential of Hx were investigated. C57BL/6 mice were subjected to bilateral renal ischemia/reperfusion injury for 15 min which did not cause AKI. However, additional administration of free heme in this model promoted overt AKI with reduced renal function, increased renal inflammation, and reduced renal perfusion on functional magnetic resonance imaging. Hx treatment attenuated AKI. Free heme administration to sham operated control mice did not cause AKI. In conclusion, free heme is a predictor of AKI in CPB surgery patients and promotes AKI in transient renal ischemia. Depletion of Hx in CPB surgery patients and attenuation of AKI by Hx in the in vivo model encourage further research on Hx therapy in patients with increased free heme levels during CPB surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Greite
- Department of Nephrology and HypertensionHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | - Sebastian Schott
- Department of Nephrology and HypertensionHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Nephrology and HypertensionHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | - Lukas Gohlke
- Department of Nephrology and HypertensionHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | - Kirill Kreimann
- Department of Nephrology and HypertensionHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | - Katja Derlin
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional RadiologyHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | - Marcel Gutberlet
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional RadiologyHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | - Martina Schmidbauer
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional RadiologyHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | - Andreas Leffler
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care MedicineHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | - Igor Tudorache
- Department of Cardiac SurgeryUniversity Hospital DusseldorfDusseldorfGermany
| | - Jawad Salman
- Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular SurgeryHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | - Fabio Ius
- Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular SurgeryHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | - Ruslan Natanov
- Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular SurgeryHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | - Christine Fegbeutel
- Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular SurgeryHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | - Axel Haverich
- Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular SurgeryHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | | | - Anne M. Hüsing
- Department of Nephrology and HypertensionHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | - Sibylle von Vietinghoff
- Department of Nephrology and HypertensionHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
- Nephrology Section, Medical Clinic 1University Hospital BonnBonnGermany
| | - Roland Schmitt
- Department of Nephrology and HypertensionHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | - Nelli Shushakova
- Department of Nephrology and HypertensionHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | - Song Rong
- Department of Nephrology and HypertensionHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | - Hermann Haller
- Department of Nephrology and HypertensionHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | - Kai M. Schmidt‐Ott
- Department of Nephrology and HypertensionHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | - Magnus Gram
- Pediatrics, Department of Clinical Sciences LundSkane University Hospital, Lund UniversityLundSweden
| | - Vijith Vijayan
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Transplant EngineeringHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of PediatricsStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCaliforniaUSA
| | - Irina Scheffner
- Department of Nephrology and HypertensionHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | - Wilfried Gwinner
- Department of Nephrology and HypertensionHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | - Stephan Immenschuh
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Transplant EngineeringHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
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Jo MJ, Lee JK, Kim JE, Ko GJ. Molecular Mechanisms Associated with Aging Kidneys and Future Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16912. [PMID: 38069234 PMCID: PMC10707287 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The rapid growth of the elderly population is making the need for extensive and advanced information about age-related organ dysfunction a crucial research area. The kidney is one of the organs most affected by aging. Aged kidneys undergo functional decline, characterized by a reduction in kidney size, decreased glomerular filtration rate, alterations in renal blood flow, and increased inflammation and fibrosis. This review offers a foundation for understanding the functional and molecular mechanisms of aging kidneys and for selecting identifying appropriate targets for future treatments of age-related kidney issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Jee Jo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul 08308, Republic of Korea; (M.-J.J.); (J.-K.L.); (J.-E.K.)
- Institute of Convergence New Drug Development, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 08308, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Kyung Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul 08308, Republic of Korea; (M.-J.J.); (J.-K.L.); (J.-E.K.)
| | - Ji-Eun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul 08308, Republic of Korea; (M.-J.J.); (J.-K.L.); (J.-E.K.)
| | - Gang-Jee Ko
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul 08308, Republic of Korea; (M.-J.J.); (J.-K.L.); (J.-E.K.)
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Kim MG, Cho WY, Chung SM, Choi YE, Fang Y, Park MS, Park SJ, Ko YS, Lee HY, Yang J, Oh SW, Jo SK. Altered gut microbiome plays an important role in AKI to CKD transition in aged mice. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1238960. [PMID: 38020091 PMCID: PMC10644820 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1238960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study investigated the role of renal-intestinal crosstalk in the transition from acute kidney injury (AKI) to chronic kidney disease (CKD) in elderly individuals. Methods Using young and aged mice, we induced bilateral ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) and compared intestinal and kidney inflammation over 28 days. To determine the role of the microbiome in gut-kidney crosstalk, we analyzed the microbiome of fecal samples of the young vs. aged mice and examined the effects of probiotic supplementation. Results In the post-IRI recovery phase, prolonged intestinal and renal inflammation along with dysbiosis were evident in aged vs. younger mice that was associated with severe renal dysfunction and fibrosis progression in aged mice. Probiotic supplementation with Bifidobacterium bifidum BGN4 and Bifidobacterium longum BORI alleviated intestinal inflammation but not intestinal leakage, characterized by decreased inflammatory cytokine levels and decreased infiltration of macrophages, neutrophils, and Th17 cells. This was associated with improved M1-dominant renal inflammation and ultimately improved renal function and fibrosis, suggesting that renal-intestinal crosstalk in aged mice contributes to the transition from AKI to CKD. Discussion Our study findings suggest that exacerbation of chronic inflammation through the gut-kidney axis might be an important mechanism in the transition from AKI to CKD in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myung-Gyu Kim
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Yong Cho
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Min Chung
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Eun Choi
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yina Fang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeong Soo Park
- Research Center, BIFIDO Co. Ltd., Hongcheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Jun Park
- Research Center, BIFIDO Co. Ltd., Hongcheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Sook Ko
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Young Lee
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihyun Yang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Won Oh
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Kyung Jo
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Song J, Ke B, Tu W, Fang X. Roles of interferon regulatory factor 4 in the AKI-CKD transition, glomerular diseases and kidney allograft rejection. Ren Fail 2023; 45:2259228. [PMID: 37755331 PMCID: PMC10538460 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2023.2259228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4) is expressed in immune cells and is a member of the interferon regulatory factor family. Recently, it has been found that IRF4 plays important roles in the acute kidney injury (AKI)-chronic kidney disease (CKD) transition, glomerular diseases and kidney allograft rejection. In particular, the relationship between IRF4 and the AKI-CKD transition has attracted widespread attention. Furthermore, it was also found that the deficiency of IRF4 hindered the transition from AKI to CKD through the suppression of macrophage-to-fibroblast conversion, inhibition of M1-M2 macrophage polarization, and reduction in neutrophil inward flow. Additionally, an examination of the crucial role of IRF4 in glomerular disease was conducted. It was reported that inhibiting IRF4 could alleviate the progression of glomerular disease, and potential physiopathology mechanisms associated with IRF4 were postulated. Lastly, IRF4 was found to have detrimental effects on the development of antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR) and T-cell-mediated rejection (TCMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianling Song
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang of Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Ben Ke
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang of Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Weiping Tu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang of Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Xiangdong Fang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang of Jiangxi, P.R. China
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Moss CE, Phipps H, Wilson HL, Kiss-Toth E. Markers of the ageing macrophage: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1222308. [PMID: 37520567 PMCID: PMC10373068 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1222308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Ageing research is establishing macrophages as key immune system regulators that undergo functional decline. Due to heterogeneity between species and tissue populations, a plethora of data exist and the power of scientific conclusions can vary substantially. This meta-analysis by information content (MAIC) and systematic literature review (SLR) aims to determine overall changes in macrophage gene and protein expression, as well as function, with age. Methods PubMed was utilized to collate peer-reviewed literature relating to macrophage ageing. Primary studies comparing macrophages in at least two age groups were included. Data pertaining to gene or protein expression alongside method used were extracted for MAIC analysis. For SLR analysis, data included all macrophage-specific changes with age, as well as species, ontogeny and age of groups assessed. Results A total of 240 studies were included; 122 of which qualified for MAIC. The majority of papers focussed on changes in macrophage count/infiltration as a function of age, followed by gene and protein expression. The MAIC found iNOS and TNF to be the most commonly investigated entities, with 328 genes and 175 proteins showing consistent dysregulation with age across the literature. Overall findings indicate that cytokine secretion and phagocytosis are reduced and reactive oxygen species production is increased in the ageing macrophage. Discussion Collectively, our analysis identifies critical regulators in macrophage ageing that are consistently dysregulated, highlighting a plethora of targets for further investigation. Consistent functional changes with age found here can be used to confirm an ageing macrophage phenotype in specific studies and experimental models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte E. Moss
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Healthy Lifespan Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Hew Phipps
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Heather L. Wilson
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Healthy Lifespan Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Endre Kiss-Toth
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Healthy Lifespan Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
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Li J, Gong X. Bibliometric and visualization analysis of kidney repair associated with acute kidney injury from 2002 to 2022. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1101036. [PMID: 37153766 PMCID: PMC10157647 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1101036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Renal repair is closely related to the prognosis of acute kidney injury (AKI) and has attracted increasing attention in the research field. However, there is a lack of a comprehensive bibliometric analysis in this research area. This study aims at exploring the current status and hotspots of renal repair research in AKI from the perspective of bibliometrics. Methods: Studies published between 2002 and 2022 related to kidney repair after AKI were collected from Web of Science core collection (WoSCC) database. Bibliometric measurement and knowledge graph analysis to predict the latest research trends in the field were performed using bibliometrics software CiteSpace and VOSviewer. Results: The number of documents related to kidney repair after AKI has steadily increased over 20 years. The United States and China contribute more than 60% of documents and are the main drivers of research in this field. Harvard University is the most active academic institution that contributes the most documents. Humphreys BD and Bonventre JV are the most prolific authors and co-cited authors in the field. The American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology and Journal of the American Society of Nephrology are the most popular journals in the field with the greatest number of documents. "exosome", "macrophage polarization", "fibroblast", and" aki-ckd transition" are high-frequency keywords in this field in recent years. Extracellular vesicles (including exosomes), macrophage polarization, cell cycle arrest, hippo pathway, and sox9 are current research hotspots and potential targets in this field. Conclusion: This is the first comprehensive bibliometric study on the knowledge structure and development trend of AKI-related renal repair research in recent years. The results of the study comprehensively summarize and identify research frontiers in AKI-related renal repair.
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OGG1 in the Kidney: Beyond Base Excision Repair. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:5774641. [PMID: 36620083 PMCID: PMC9822757 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5774641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
8-Oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (OGG1) is a repair protein for 8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG) in eukaryotic atopic DNA. Through the initial base excision repair (BER) pathway, 8-oxoG is recognized and excised, and subsequently, other proteins are recruited to complete the repair. OGG1 is primarily located in the cytoplasm and can enter the nucleus and mitochondria to repair damaged DNA or to exert epigenetic regulation of gene transcription. OGG1 is involved in a wide range of physiological processes, such as DNA repair, oxidative stress, inflammation, fibrosis, and autophagy. In recent years, studies have found that OGG1 plays an important role in the progression of kidney diseases through repairing DNA, inducing inflammation, regulating autophagy and other transcriptional regulation, and governing protein interactions and functions during disease and injury. In particular, the epigenetic effects of OGG1 in kidney disease have gradually attracted widespread attention. This study reviews the structure and biological functions of OGG1 and the regulatory mechanism of OGG1 in kidney disease. In addition, the possibility of OGG1 as a potential therapeutic target in kidney disease is discussed.
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Ciarambino T, Crispino P, Giordano M. Gender and Renal Insufficiency: Opportunities for Their Therapeutic Management? Cells 2022; 11:cells11233820. [PMID: 36497080 PMCID: PMC9740491 DOI: 10.3390/cells11233820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a major clinical problem associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Despite intensive research, the clinical outcome remains poor, and apart from supportive therapy, no other specific therapy exists. Furthermore, acute kidney injury increases the risk of developing chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease. Acute tubular injury accounts for the most common intrinsic cause of AKI. The main site of injury is the proximal tubule due to its high workload and energy demand. Upon injury, an intratubular subpopulation of proximal epithelial cells proliferates and restores the tubular integrity. Nevertheless, despite its strong regenerative capacity, the kidney does not always achieve its former integrity and function and incomplete recovery leads to persistent and progressive CKD. Clinical and experimental data demonstrate sexual differences in renal anatomy, physiology, and susceptibility to renal diseases including but not limited to ischemia-reperfusion injury. Some data suggest the protective role of female sex hormones, whereas others highlight the detrimental effect of male hormones in renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. Although the important role of sex hormones is evident, the exact underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. This review focuses on collecting the current knowledge about sexual dimorphism in renal injury and opportunities for therapeutic manipulation, with a focus on resident renal progenitor stem cells as potential novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Ciarambino
- Internal Medicine Department, Hospital of Marcianise, ASL Caserta, 81031 Caserta, Italy
- Correspondence: (T.C.); (M.G.)
| | - Pietro Crispino
- Emergency Department, Hospital of Latina, ASL Latina, 04100 Latina, Italy
| | - Mauro Giordano
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Science, University of Campania, Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: (T.C.); (M.G.)
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12
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Cellular senescence in ischemia/reperfusion injury. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:420. [PMID: 36253355 PMCID: PMC9576687 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01205-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury, a main reason of mortality and morbidity worldwide, occurs in many organs and tissues. As a result of IR injury, senescent cells can accumulate in multiple organs. Increasing evidence shows that cellular senescence is the underlying mechanism that transforms an acute organ injury into a chronic one. Several recent studies suggest senescent cells can be targeted for the prevention or elimination of acute and chronic organ injury induced by IR. In this review, we concisely introduce the underlying mechanism and the pivotal role of premature senescence in the transition from acute to chronic IR injuries. Special focus is laid on recent advances in the mechanisms as well as on the basic and clinical research, targeting cellular senescence in multi-organ IR injuries. Besides, the potential directions in this field are discussed in the end. Together, the recent advances reviewed here will act as a comprehensive overview of the roles of cellular senescence in IR injury, which could be of great significance for the design of related studies, or as a guide for potential therapeutic target.
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13
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Kasuno K, Yodoi J, Iwano M. Urinary Thioredoxin as a Biomarker of Renal Redox Dysregulation and a Companion Diagnostic to Identify Responders to Redox-Modulating Therapeutics. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 36:1051-1065. [PMID: 34541903 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Significance: The development and progression of renal diseases, including acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD), are the result of heterogeneous pathophysiology that reflects a range of environmental factors and, in a lesser extent, genetic mutations. The pathophysiology specific to most kidney diseases is not currently identified; therefore, these diseases are diagnosed based on non-pathological factors. For that reason, pathophysiology-based companion diagnostics for selection of pathophysiology-targeted treatments have not been available, which impedes personalized medicine in kidney disease. Recent Advances: Pathophysiology-targeted therapeutic agents are now being developed for the treatment of redox dysregulation. Redox modulation therapeutics, including bardoxolone methyl, suppresses the onset and progression of AKI and CKD. On the other hand, pathophysiology-targeted diagnostics for renal redox dysregulation are also being developed. Urinary thioredoxin (TXN) is a biomarker that can be used to diagnose tubular redox dysregulation. AKI causes oxidation and urinary excretion of TXN, which depletes TXN from the tubules, resulting in tubular redox dysregulation. Urinary TXN is selectively elevated at the onset of AKI and correlates with the progression of CKD in diabetic nephropathy. Critical Issues: Diagnostic methods should provide information about molecular mechanisms that aid in the selection of appropriate therapies to improve the prognosis of kidney disease. Future Directions: A specific diagnostic method enabling detection of redox dysregulation based on pathological molecular mechanisms is much needed and could provide the first step toward personalized medicine in kidney disease. Urinary TXN is a candidate for a companion diagnostic method to identify responders to redox-modulating therapeutics. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 36, 1051-1065.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Kasuno
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan.,Life Science Innovation Center, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Junji Yodoi
- Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Japan Biostress Research Promotion Alliance (JBPA), Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masayuki Iwano
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
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14
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Molecular Mechanisms of Kidney Injury and Repair. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031542. [PMID: 35163470 PMCID: PMC8835923 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) will become the fifth global cause of death by 2040, thus emphasizing the need to better understand the molecular mechanisms of damage and regeneration in the kidney. CKD predisposes to acute kidney injury (AKI) which, in turn, promotes CKD progression. This implies that CKD or the AKI-to-CKD transition are associated with dysfunctional kidney repair mechanisms. Current therapeutic options slow CKD progression but fail to treat or accelerate recovery from AKI and are unable to promote kidney regeneration. Unraveling the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in kidney injury and repair, including the failure of this process, may provide novel biomarkers and therapeutic tools. We now review the contribution of different molecular and cellular events to the AKI-to-CKD transition, focusing on the role of macrophages in kidney injury, the different forms of regulated cell death and necroinflammation, cellular senescence and the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SAPS), polyploidization, and podocyte injury and activation of parietal epithelial cells. Next, we discuss key contributors to repair of kidney injury and opportunities for their therapeutic manipulation, with a focus on resident renal progenitor cells, stem cells and their reparative secretome, certain macrophage subphenotypes within the M2 phenotype and senescent cell clearance.
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15
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Yang X, Feng J, Liang W, Zhu Z, Chen Z, Hu J, Yang D, Ding G. Roles of SIRT6 in kidney disease: a novel therapeutic target. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 79:53. [PMID: 34950960 PMCID: PMC11072764 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-04061-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
SIRT6 is an NAD+ dependent deacetylase that belongs to the mammalian sirtuin family. SIRT6 is mainly located in the nucleus and regulates chromatin remodeling, genome stability, and gene transcription. SIRT6 extensively participates in various physiological activities such as DNA repair, energy metabolism, oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis. In recent years, the role of epigenetics such as acetylation modification in renal disease has gradually received widespread attention. SIRT6 reduces oxidative stress, inflammation, and renal fibrosis, which is of great importance in maintaining cellular homeostasis and delaying the chronic progression of kidney disease. Here, we review the structure and biological function of SIRT6 and summarize the regulatory mechanisms of SIRT6 in kidney disease. Moreover, the role of SIRT6 as a potential therapeutic target for the progression of kidney disease will be discussed. SIRT6 plays an important role in kidney disease. SIRT6 regulates mitochondrial dynamics and mitochondrial biogenesis, induces G2/M cycle arrest, and plays an antioxidant role in nephrotoxicity, IR, obstructive nephropathy, and sepsis-induced AKI. SIRT6 prevents and delays progressive CKD induced by hyperglycemia, kidney senescence, hypertension, and lipid accumulation by regulating mitochondrial biogenesis, and has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antifibrosis effects. Additionally, hypoxia, inflammation, and fibrosis are the main mechanisms of the AKI-to-CKD transition. SIRT6 plays a critical role in the AKI-to-CKD transition and kidney repair through anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic, and mitochondrial quality control mechanisms. AKI Acute kidney injury, CKD Chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Yang
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
- Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jun Feng
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
- Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Liang
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
- Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zijing Zhu
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
- Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhaowei Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
- Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jijia Hu
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
- Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Dingping Yang
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
- Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Guohua Ding
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China.
- Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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16
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Navarro-García JA, González-Lafuente L, Fernández-Velasco M, Ruilope LM, Ruiz-Hurtado G. Fibroblast Growth Factor-23-Klotho Axis in Cardiorenal Syndrome: Mediators and Potential Therapeutic Targets. Front Physiol 2021; 12:775029. [PMID: 34867481 PMCID: PMC8634640 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.775029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) is a complex disorder that refers to the category of acute or chronic kidney diseases that induce cardiovascular disease, and inversely, acute or chronic heart diseases that provoke kidney dysfunction. There is a close relationship between renal and cardiovascular disease, possibly due to the presence of common risk factors for both diseases. Thus, it is well known that renal diseases are associated with increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease, suffering cardiac events and even mortality, which is aggravated in those patients with end-stage renal disease or who are undergoing dialysis. Recent works have proposed mineral bone disorders (MBD) as the possible link between kidney dysfunction and the development of cardiovascular outcomes. Traditionally, increased serum phosphate levels have been proposed as one of the main factors responsible for cardiovascular damage in kidney patients. However, recent studies have focused on other MBD components such as the elevation of fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-23, a phosphaturic bone-derived hormone, and the decreased expression of the anti-aging factor Klotho in renal patients. It has been shown that increased FGF-23 levels induce cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction and are associated with increased cardiovascular mortality in renal patients. Decreased Klotho expression occurs as renal function declines. Despite its expression being absent in myocardial tissue, several studies have demonstrated that this antiaging factor plays a cardioprotective role, especially under elevated FGF-23 levels. The present review aims to collect the recent knowledge about the FGF-23-Klotho axis in the connection between kidney and heart, focusing on their specific role as new therapeutic targets in CRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Alberto Navarro-García
- Cardiorenal Translational Laboratory, Institute of Research i + 12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura González-Lafuente
- Cardiorenal Translational Laboratory, Institute of Research i + 12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Luis M Ruilope
- Cardiorenal Translational Laboratory, Institute of Research i + 12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.,CIBER-CV, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.,School of Doctoral Studies and Research, European University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gema Ruiz-Hurtado
- Cardiorenal Translational Laboratory, Institute of Research i + 12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.,CIBER-CV, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
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17
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Shankland SJ, Wang Y, Shaw AS, Vaughan JC, Pippin JW, Wessely O. Podocyte Aging: Why and How Getting Old Matters. J Am Soc Nephrol 2021; 32:2697-2713. [PMID: 34716239 PMCID: PMC8806106 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2021050614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of healthy aging on the kidney, and how these effects intersect with superimposed diseases, are highly relevant in the context of the population's increasing longevity. Age-associated changes to podocytes, which are terminally differentiated glomerular epithelial cells, adversely affect kidney health. This review discusses the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying podocyte aging, how these mechanisms might be augmented by disease in the aged kidney, and approaches to mitigate progressive damage to podocytes. Furthermore, we address how biologic pathways such as those associated with cellular growth confound aging in humans and rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart J. Shankland
- Division of Nephrology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
- Institute for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Yuliang Wang
- Institute for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
- Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Andrey S. Shaw
- Department of Research Biology, Genentech, South San Francisco, California
| | - Joshua C. Vaughan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Jeffrey W. Pippin
- Division of Nephrology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Oliver Wessely
- Lerner Research Institute, Department of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
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18
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Thielmann M, Corteville D, Szabo G, Swaminathan M, Lamy A, Lehner LJ, Brown CD, Noiseux N, Atta MG, Squiers EC, Erlich S, Rothenstein D, Molitoris B, Mazer CD. Teprasiran, a Small Interfering RNA, for the Prevention of Acute Kidney Injury in High-Risk Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Study. Circulation 2021; 144:1133-1144. [PMID: 34474590 PMCID: PMC8487715 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.120.053029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Acute kidney injury (AKI) affects up to 30% of patients undergoing cardiac surgery, leading to increased in-hospital and long-term morbidity and mortality. Teprasiran is a novel small interfering RNA that temporarily inhibits p53-mediated cell death that underlies AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Thielmann
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, West-German Heart and Vascular Center Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Germany (M.T.)
| | - David Corteville
- Sands Constellation Heart Institute, Rochester Regional Health, Rochester, NY (D.C.)
| | - Gabor Szabo
- Central German Heart Center University Hospital Halle (Saale), University Clinic and Polyclinic for Cardiac Surgery, Halle, Germany (G.S.)
| | - Madhav Swaminathan
- Division of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (M.S.)
| | - Andre Lamy
- David Braley Cardiac, Vascular and Stroke Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (A.L.)
| | - Lukas J Lehner
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany (L.J.L.)
| | - Craig D Brown
- New Brunswick Heart Centre, The Saint John Regional Hospital, NB, Canada (C.D.B.)
| | - Nicolas Noiseux
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Montreal Hospital Center, CHUM Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada (N.N.)
| | - Mohamed G Atta
- Division of Nephrology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (M.G.A.)
| | | | - Shai Erlich
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine; Indiana Center for Biological Microscopy, Indianapolis (B.M.)
| | | | - Bruce Molitoris
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine; Indiana Center for Biological Microscopy, Indianapolis (B.M.)
| | - C David Mazer
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Institute of Medical Sciences and Departments of Anesthesia and Physiology, University of Toronto, ON, Canada (C.D.M.)
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19
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Nordlohne J, Hulsmann I, Schwafertz S, Zgrajek J, Grundmann M, von Vietinghoff S, Eitner F, Becker MS. A flow cytometry approach reveals heterogeneity in conventional subsets of murine renal mononuclear phagocytes. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13251. [PMID: 34168267 PMCID: PMC8225656 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92784-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mononuclear phagocytes (MNPs) participate in inflammation and repair after kidney injury, reflecting their complex nature. Dissection into refined functional subunits has been challenging and would benefit understanding of renal pathologies. Flow cytometric approaches are limited to classifications of either different MNP subsets or functional state. We sought to combine these two dimensions in one protocol that considers functional heterogeneity in each MNP subset. We identified five distinct renal MNP subsets based on a previously described strategy. In vitro polarization of bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) into M1- and M2-like cells suggested functional distinction of CD86 + MHCII + CD206- and CD206 + cells. Combination of both distinction methods identified CD86 + MHCII + CD206- and CD206 + cells in all five MNP subsets, revealing their heterologous nature. Our approach revealed that MNP composition and their functional segmentation varied between different mouse models of kidney injury and, moreover, was dynamically regulated in a time-dependent manner. CD206 + cells from three analyzed MNP subsets had a higher ex vivo phagocytic capacity than CD86 + MHCII + CD206- counterparts, indicating functional uniqueness of each subset. In conclusion, our novel flow cytometric approach refines insights into renal MNP heterogeneity and therefore could benefit mechanistic understanding of renal pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Nordlohne
- Cardiovascular Research, Research and Development, Pharmaceuticals, Kidney Diseases, Bayer AG, Building 0500, 214, 42113, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Ilona Hulsmann
- Cardiovascular Research, Research and Development, Pharmaceuticals, Kidney Diseases, Bayer AG, Building 0500, 214, 42113, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Svenja Schwafertz
- Cardiovascular Research, Research and Development, Pharmaceuticals, Kidney Diseases, Bayer AG, Building 0500, 214, 42113, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Jasmin Zgrajek
- Cardiovascular Research, Research and Development, Pharmaceuticals, Kidney Diseases, Bayer AG, Building 0500, 214, 42113, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Manuel Grundmann
- Cardiovascular Research, Research and Development, Pharmaceuticals, Kidney Diseases, Bayer AG, Building 0500, 214, 42113, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Sibylle von Vietinghoff
- Nephrology Section, Medical Clinic 1, University Hospital Bonn, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms University, Bonn, Germany
| | - Frank Eitner
- Cardiovascular Research, Research and Development, Pharmaceuticals, Kidney Diseases, Bayer AG, Building 0500, 214, 42113, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Michael S Becker
- Cardiovascular Research, Research and Development, Pharmaceuticals, Kidney Diseases, Bayer AG, Building 0500, 214, 42113, Wuppertal, Germany.
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20
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Marquez-Exposito L, Tejedor-Santamaria L, Santos-Sanchez L, Valentijn FA, Cantero-Navarro E, Rayego-Mateos S, Rodrigues-Diez RR, Tejera-Muñoz A, Marchant V, Sanz AB, Ortiz A, Goldschmeding R, Ruiz-Ortega M. Acute Kidney Injury is Aggravated in Aged Mice by the Exacerbation of Proinflammatory Processes. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:662020. [PMID: 34239439 PMCID: PMC8258347 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.662020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is more frequent in elderly patients. Mechanisms contributing to AKI (tubular cell death, inflammatory cell infiltration, impaired mitochondrial function, and prolonged cell-cycle arrest) have been linked to cellular senescence, a process implicated in regeneration failure and progression to fibrosis. However, the molecular and pathological basis of the age-related increase in AKI incidence is not completely understood. To explore these mechanisms, experimental AKI was induced by folic acid (FA) administration in young (3-months-old) and old (1-year-old) mice, and kidneys were evaluated in the early phase of AKI, at 48 h. Tubular damage score, KIM-1 expression, the recruitment of infiltrating immune cells (mainly neutrophils and macrophages) and proinflammatory gene expression were higher in AKI kidneys of old than of young mice. Tubular cell death in FA-AKI involves several pathways, such as regulated necrosis and apoptosis. Ferroptosis and necroptosis cell-death pathways were upregulated in old AKI kidneys. In contrast, caspase-3 activation was only found in young but not in old mice. Moreover, the antiapoptotic factor BCL-xL was significantly overexpressed in old, injured kidneys, suggesting an age-related apoptosis suppression. AKI kidneys displayed evidence of cellular senescence, such as increased levels of cyclin dependent kinase inhibitors p16ink4a and p21cip1, and of the DNA damage response marker γH2AX. Furthermore, p21cip1 mRNA expression and nuclear staining for p21cip1 and γH2AX were higher in old than in young FA-AKI mice, as well as the expression of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) components (Il-6, Tgfb1, Ctgf, and Serpine1). Interestingly, some infiltrating immune cells were p21 or γH2AX positive, suggesting that molecular senescence in the immune cells (“immunosenescence”) are involved in the increased severity of AKI in old mice. In contrast, expression of renal protective factors was dramatically downregulated in old AKI mice, including the antiaging factor Klotho and the mitochondrial biogenesis driver PGC-1α. In conclusion, aging resulted in more severe AKI after the exposure to toxic compounds. This increased toxicity may be related to magnification of proinflammatory-related pathways in older mice, including a switch to a proinflammatory cell death (necroptosis) instead of apoptosis, and overactivation of cellular senescence of resident renal cells and infiltrating inflammatory cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Marquez-Exposito
- Cellular Biology in Renal Diseases Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Red de Investigación Renal (REDinREN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucia Tejedor-Santamaria
- Cellular Biology in Renal Diseases Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Red de Investigación Renal (REDinREN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Santos-Sanchez
- Cellular Biology in Renal Diseases Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Red de Investigación Renal (REDinREN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Floris A Valentijn
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Elena Cantero-Navarro
- Cellular Biology in Renal Diseases Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Red de Investigación Renal (REDinREN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Rayego-Mateos
- Cellular Biology in Renal Diseases Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Red de Investigación Renal (REDinREN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Raul R Rodrigues-Diez
- Cellular Biology in Renal Diseases Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Red de Investigación Renal (REDinREN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Tejera-Muñoz
- Cellular Biology in Renal Diseases Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Red de Investigación Renal (REDinREN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Vanessa Marchant
- Cellular Biology in Renal Diseases Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Red de Investigación Renal (REDinREN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana B Sanz
- Red de Investigación Renal (REDinREN), Madrid, Spain.,Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- Red de Investigación Renal (REDinREN), Madrid, Spain.,Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Roel Goldschmeding
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Marta Ruiz-Ortega
- Cellular Biology in Renal Diseases Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Red de Investigación Renal (REDinREN), Madrid, Spain
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21
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Campbell RA, Docherty MH, Ferenbach DA, Mylonas KJ. The Role of Ageing and Parenchymal Senescence on Macrophage Function and Fibrosis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:700790. [PMID: 34220864 PMCID: PMC8248495 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.700790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In this review, we examine senescent cells and the overlap between the direct biological impact of senescence and the indirect impact senescence has via its effects on other cell types, particularly the macrophage. The canonical roles of macrophages in cell clearance and in other physiological functions are discussed with reference to their functions in diseases of the kidney and other organs. We also explore the translational potential of different approaches based around the macrophage in future interventions to target senescent cells, with the goal of preventing or reversing pathologies driven or contributed to in part by senescent cell load in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross A. Campbell
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Marie-Helena Docherty
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Department of Renal Medicine, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - David A. Ferenbach
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Department of Renal Medicine, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Katie J. Mylonas
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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22
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Pushpakumar S, Kundu S, Weber G, Sen U. Exogenous hydrogen sulfide and miR-21 antagonism attenuates macrophage-mediated inflammation in ischemia reperfusion injury of the aged kidney. GeroScience 2021; 43:1349-1367. [PMID: 33433751 PMCID: PMC8190249 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-020-00299-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) is a common cause of acute kidney injury (AKI) in the aging population. A reduction of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) production in the old kidney and renal IRI contribute to renal pathology and injury. Recent studies suggest that microRNAs (miRs) play an important role in the pathophysiology of AKI and a significant crosstalk exists between H2S and miRs. Among the miRs, miR-21 is highly expressed in AKI and is reported to have both pathological and protective role. In the present study, we sought to determine the effects of age-induced reduction in H2S and mir-21 antagonism in AKI. Wild type (WT, C57BL/6J) mice aged 12-14 weeks and 75-78 weeks underwent bilateral renal ischemia (27 min) and reperfusion for 7 days and were treated with H2S donor, GYY4137 (GYY, 0.25 mg/kg/day, ip) or locked nucleic acid anti-miR-21 (20 mg/kg b.w., ip) for 7 days. Following IRI, old kidney showed increased macrophage polarization toward M1 inflammatory phenotype, cytokine upregulation, endothelial-mesenchymal transition, and fibrosis compared to young kidney. Treatment with GYY or anti-miR-21 reversed the changes and improved renal vascular density, blood flow, and renal function in the old kidney. Anti-miR-21 treatment in mouse glomerular endothelial cells showed upregulation of H2S-producing enzymes, cystathionine β-synthase (CBS), and cystathionineγ-lyase (CSE), and reduction of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and collagen IV expression. In conclusion, exogenous H2S and inhibition of miR-21 rescued the old kidney dysfunction due to IRI by increasing H2S levels, reduction of macrophage-mediated injury, and promoting reparative process suggesting a viable approach for aged patients sustaining AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathnur Pushpakumar
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 500 S Preston St. HSC-A, Room 1115, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
| | - Sourav Kundu
- NMCG Laboratory ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700120, India
| | - Gregory Weber
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 500 S Preston St. HSC-A, Room 1115, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Utpal Sen
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 500 S Preston St. HSC-A, Room 1115, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
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23
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Tan RZ, Yan Y, Yu Y, Diao H, Zhong X, Lin X, Liao YY, Wang L. Renoprotective Effect of Oridonin in a Mouse Model of Acute Kidney Injury via Suppression of Macrophage Involved Inflammation. Biol Pharm Bull 2021; 44:714-723. [PMID: 33952827 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b21-00071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is the major cause of acute kidney injury (AKI). The previous studies demonstrated that Oridonin can protect kidney against IRI-induced AKI, but the underlying molecular mechanism is unclear. In this study, it showed that Oridonin significantly improved kidney damage, and inhibited the expression of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and MCP-1, as well as macrophage marker F4/80 in kidney and the secretion of inflammatory cytokins in serum of AKI mice in vivo. In addition, Oridonin also effectively reduced the expression and secretion of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory factors in macrophage cell line RAW264.7 in vitro. Notably, Oridonin strongly downregulated Mincle and AKT/nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) signaling both in vivo and in vitro, and the results of cellular recovery experiments of overexpression of Mincle in macrophage suggested that Oridonin suppressed inflammatory response of macrophage through inhibiting Mincle, which may be the underlying mechanism of Oridonin improving injury in kidney of AKI mice. In summary, the above results indicated that Oridonin can protect kidney from IRI-induced inflammation and injury by inhibiting the expression of Mincle in macrophage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Zhi Tan
- Research Center for Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University
| | - Ying Yan
- Research Center for Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University.,Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University
| | - Yan Yu
- Research Center for Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University.,College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University
| | - Hui Diao
- Research Center for Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University
| | - Xia Zhong
- Research Center for Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University
| | - Xiao Lin
- Research Center for Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University
| | - Yi-Yi Liao
- Research Center for Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University.,College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University
| | - Li Wang
- Research Center for Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University
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24
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Angiotensin II type 1a receptor loss ameliorates chronic tubulointerstitial damage after renal ischemia reperfusion. Sci Rep 2021; 11:982. [PMID: 33441837 PMCID: PMC7806698 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80209-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigate whether suppressing the activation of the angiotensin II type 1a receptor (AT1a) can ameliorate severe chronic tubulointerstitial damage (TID) after renal ischemia reperfusion (IR) using AT1a knockout homozygous (AT1a−/−) male mice. To induce severe chronic TID after renal IR, unilateral renal ischemia was performed via clamping of the right renal pedicle in both AT1a−/− and wild-type (AT1a+/+) mice for 45 min. While marked renal atrophy and severe TID at 70 days postischemia was induced in the AT1a+/+ mice, such a development was not provoked in the AT1a−/− mice. Although the AT1a+/+ mice were administered hydralazine to maintain the same systolic blood pressure (SBP) levels as the AT1a−/− mice with lower SBP levels, hydralazine did not reproduce the renoprotective effects observed in the AT1a−/− mice. Acute tubular injury at 3 days postischemia was similar between the AT1a−/− mice and the AT1a+/+ mice. From our investigations using IR kidneys at 3, 14, and 28 days postischemia, the multiple molecular mechanisms may be related to prevention of severe chronic TID postischemia in the AT1a−/− mice. In conclusion, inactivation of the AT1 receptor may be useful in preventing the transition of acute kidney injury to chronic kidney disease.
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25
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Tammaro A, Kers J, Scantlebery AML, Florquin S. Metabolic Flexibility and Innate Immunity in Renal Ischemia Reperfusion Injury: The Fine Balance Between Adaptive Repair and Tissue Degeneration. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1346. [PMID: 32733450 PMCID: PMC7358591 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI), a common event after renal transplantation, causes acute kidney injury (AKI), increases the risk of delayed graft function (DGF), primes the donor kidney for rejection, and contributes to the long-term risk of graft loss. In the last decade, epidemiological studies have linked even mild episodes of AKI to chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression, and innate immunity seems to play a crucial role. The ischemic insult triggers an acute inflammatory reaction that is elicited by Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs), expressed on both infiltrating immune cells as well as tubular epithelial cells (TECs). Among the PRRs, Toll-like receptors (TLRs), their synergistic receptors, Nod-like receptors (NLRs), and the inflammasomes, play a pivotal role in shaping inflammation and TEC repair, in response to renal IRI. These receptors represent promising targets to modulate the extent of inflammation, but also function as gatekeepers of tissue repair, protecting against AKI-to-CKD progression. Despite the important considerations on timely use of therapeutics, in the context of IRI, treatment options are limited by a lack of understanding of the intra- and intercellular mechanisms associated with the activation of innate immune receptors and their impact on adaptive tubular repair. Accumulating evidence suggests that TEC-associated innate immunity shapes the tubular response to stress through the regulation of immunometabolism. Engagement of innate immune receptors provides TECs with the metabolic flexibility necessary for their plasticity during injury and repair. This could significantly affect pathogenic processes within TECs, such as cell death, mitochondrial damage, senescence, and pro-fibrotic cytokine secretion, well-known to exacerbate inflammation and fibrosis. This article provides an overview of the past 5 years of research on the role of innate immunity in experimental and human IRI, with a focus on the cascade of events activated by hypoxic damage in TECs: from programmed cell death (PCD) and mitochondrial dysfunction-mediated metabolic rewiring of TECs to maladaptive repair and progression to fibrosis. Finally, we will discuss the important crosstalk between metabolism and innate immunity observed in TECs and their therapeutic potential in both experimental and clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Tammaro
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jesper Kers
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.,Biomolecular Systems Analytics, Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Angelique M L Scantlebery
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sandrine Florquin
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
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