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Shen Z, Zhang S, Gao Z, Yu X, Wang J, Pan S, Kang N, Liu N, Xu H, Liu M, Yang Y, Deng Q, Liu J, Xie Y, Zhang J. Intrahepatic homeobox protein MSX-1 is a novel host restriction factor of hepatitis B virus. J Virol 2024; 98:e0134523. [PMID: 38226815 PMCID: PMC10878074 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01345-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection (CHB) is a risk factor for the development of liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Covalently closed circular DNA serves as the sole transcription template for all viral RNAs and viral transcription is driven and enhanced by viral promoter and enhancer elements, respectively. Interactions between transcription factors and these cis-elements regulate their activities and change the production levels of viral RNAs. Here, we report the identification of homeobox protein MSX-1 (MSX1) as a novel host restriction factor of HBV in liver. In both HBV-transfected and HBV-infected cells, MSX1 suppresses viral gene expression and genome replication. Mechanistically, MSX1 downregulates enhancer II/core promoter (EnII/Cp) activity via direct binding to an MSX1 responsive element within EnII/Cp, and such binding competes with hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α binding to EnII/Cp due to partial overlap between their respective binding sites. Furthermore, CHB patients in immune active phase express higher levels of intrahepatic MSX1 but relatively lower levels of serum and intrahepatic HBV markers compared to those in immune tolerant phase. Finally, MSX1 was demonstrated to induce viral clearance in two mouse models of HBV persistence, suggesting possible therapeutic potential for CHB.IMPORTANCECovalently closed circular DNA plays a key role for the persistence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) since it serves as the template for viral transcription. Identification of transcription factors that regulate HBV transcription not only provides insights into molecular mechanisms of viral life cycle regulation but may also provide potential antiviral targets. In this work, we identified host MSX1 as a novel restriction factor of HBV transcription. Meanwhile, we observed higher intrahepatic MSX1 expression in chronic hepatitis B virus (CHB) patients in immune active phase compared to those in immune tolerant phase, suggesting possible involvement of MSX1 in the regulation of HBV activity by the host. Lastly, intrahepatic overexpression of MSX1 delivered by recombinant adenoviruses into two mouse models of HBV persistence demonstrated MSX1-mediated repression of HBV in vivo, and MSX1-induced clearance of intrahepatic HBV DNA in treated mice suggested its potential as a therapeutic target for the treatment of CHB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongliang Shen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (Ministry of Education/National Health Commission/Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences), Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microbes and Infection, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shenyan Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zixiang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (Ministry of Education/National Health Commission/Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences), Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microbes and Infection, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueping Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, First Hospital of Quanzhou Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Jinyu Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaokun Pan
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (Ministry of Education/National Health Commission/Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences), Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microbes and Infection, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning Kang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (Ministry of Education/National Health Commission/Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences), Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microbes and Infection, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Nannan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (Ministry of Education/National Health Commission/Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences), Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microbes and Infection, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huijun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (Ministry of Education/National Health Commission/Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences), Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microbes and Infection, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (Ministry of Education/National Health Commission/Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences), Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microbes and Infection, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (Ministry of Education/National Health Commission/Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences), Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microbes and Infection, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Deng
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (Ministry of Education/National Health Commission/Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences), Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microbes and Infection, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (Ministry of Education/National Health Commission/Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences), Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microbes and Infection, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Youhua Xie
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (Ministry of Education/National Health Commission/Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences), Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microbes and Infection, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Children’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiming Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (Ministry of Education/National Health Commission/Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences), Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microbes and Infection, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Boots JMM, Quax RAM. High-Dose Intravenous Iron with Either Ferric Carboxymaltose or Ferric Derisomaltose: A Benefit-Risk Assessment. Drug Saf 2022; 45:1019-1036. [PMID: 36068430 PMCID: PMC9492608 DOI: 10.1007/s40264-022-01216-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The intravenous iron formulations ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) and ferric derisomaltose (FDI) offer the possibility of administering a large amount of iron in one infusion. This results in faster correction of anemia and the formulations being better tolerated than oral iron formulations. This triad of logistic advantages, improved patient convenience, and fast correction of anemia explains the fact that intravenous iron formulations nowadays are frequently prescribed worldwide in the treatment of iron deficiency anemia. However, these formulations may result in hypophosphatemia by inducing a strong increase in active fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23), a hormone that stimulates renal phosphate excretion. This effect is much more pronounced with FCM than with FDI, and therefore the risk of developing hypophosphatemia is remarkably higher with FCM than with FDI. Repeated use of FCM may result in severe osteomalacia, which is characterized by bone pain, Looser zones (pseudofractures), and low-trauma fractures. Intravenous iron preparations are also associated with other adverse effects, of which hypersensitivity reactions are the most important and are usually the result of a non-allergic complement activation on nanoparticles of free labile iron-Complement Activation-Related Pseudo-Allergy (CARPA). The risk on these hypersensitivity reactions can be reduced by choosing a slow infusion rate. Severe hypersensitivity reactions were reported in < 1% of prospective trials and the incidence seems comparable between the two formulations. A practical guideline has been developed based on baseline serum phosphate concentrations and predisposing risk factors, derived from published cases and risk factor analyses from trials, in order to establish the safe use of these formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes M M Boots
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maasstad Hospital, Maasstadweg 21, 3079 DZ, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Rogier A M Quax
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maasstad Hospital, Maasstadweg 21, 3079 DZ, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Cheng L, Hu S, Ma J, Shu Y, Chen Y, Zhang B, Qi Z, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Cheng P. Long noncoding RNA RP11-241J12.3 targeting pyruvate carboxylase promotes hepatocellular carcinoma aggressiveness by disrupting pyruvate metabolism and the DNA mismatch repair system. MOLECULAR BIOMEDICINE 2022; 3:4. [PMID: 35122182 PMCID: PMC8816999 DOI: 10.1186/s43556-021-00065-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates that hepatitis B virus X protein (HBx) plays a key role in HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) aggressiveness; however, the underlying mechanisms are not entirely clear. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which participate in the regulation of diverse biological processes, may be critical for the function of HBx. Our research indicated that HBx induced changes in the expression of numerous lncRNAs and implicated the novel lncRNA RP11-241J12.3 in HBx-mediated HCC aggressiveness. Although RP11-241J12.3 expression was downregulated in transient HBx-expressing HCC cells (similar to the early stage of HBV infection), its oncogenic properties remained. The results showed that RP11-241J12.3 not only accelerated DNA synthesis and upregulated the expression of pyruvate carboxylase (PC) and MSH3, which is a key protein in pyruvate metabolism and DNA mismatch repair (MMR), but also promoted tumor growth in vitro and in vivo, thus promoting HCC aggressiveness. More importantly, we revealed that RP11-241J12.3 may interact with PC and identified its location in the cytoplasm close to the nucleus using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). We also observed RP11-241J12.3 expression was upregulated in HCC tissues compared with the paracarcinomatous tissues. Furthermore, RP11-241J12.3 expression levels showed a close relationship with clinical stage and tumor size and that low RP11-241J12.3 expression was significantly correlated with longer HCC patient survival. These results further our understanding of the lncRNAs regulated by HBx in HCC, and provide evidence that dysregulation of RP11-241J12.3 contributes to HCC aggressiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuliu Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 17 People's South Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Shichuan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 17 People's South Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Jinhu Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 17 People's South Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yongheng Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 17 People's South Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yanwei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 17 People's South Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Bin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 17 People's South Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Zhongbing Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 17 People's South Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yunmeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 17 People's South Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yuwei Zhang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Ping Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 17 People's South Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China.
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Shen Z, Wu J, Gao Z, Zhang S, Chen J, He J, Guo Y, Deng Q, Xie Y, Liu J, Zhang J. OUP accepted manuscript. Nucleic Acids Res 2022; 50:2157-2171. [PMID: 35137191 PMCID: PMC8887475 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) is associated with liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Upon infection of hepatocytes, HBV covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) exists as histone-bound mini-chromosome, subjected to transcriptional regulation similar to chromosomal DNA. Here we identify high mobility group AT-hook 1 (HMGA1) protein as a positive regulator of HBV transcription that binds to a conserved ATTGG site within enhancer II/core promoter (EII/Cp) and recruits transcription factors FOXO3α and PGC1α. HMGA1-mediated upregulation of EII/Cp results in enhanced viral gene expression and genome replication. Notably, expression of endogenous HMGA1 was also demonstrated to be upregulated by HBV, which involves HBV X protein (HBx) interacting with SP1 transcription factor to activate HMGA1 promoter. Consistent with these in vitro results, chronic hepatitis B patients in immune tolerant phase display both higher intrahepatic HMGA1 protein levels and higher serum HBV markers compared to patients in inactive carrier phase. Finally, using a mouse model of HBV persistence, we show that targeting endogenous HMGA1 through RNA interference facilitated HBV clearance. These data establish HMGA1 as an important positive regulator of HBV that is reciprocally upregulated by HBV via HBx and also suggest the HMGA1-HBV positive feedback loop as a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongliang Shen
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +86 021 5288 8125; Fax: +86 021 6248 9191;
| | | | | | - Shenyan Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity,National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Jingwen Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity,National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Jingjing He
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity,National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Yifei Guo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity,National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Qiang Deng
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (Ministry of Education/National Health Commission/Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences), Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Youhua Xie
- Correspondence may also be addressed to Youhua Xie. Tel: +86 021 5423 7972; Fax: +86 021 5423 7973;
| | - Jing Liu
- Correspondence may also be addressed to Jing Liu. Tel: +86 021 5423 7972; Fax: +86 021 5423 7973;
| | - Jiming Zhang
- Correspondence may also be addressed to Jiming Zhang. Tel: +86 021 5288 8125; Fax: +86 021 6248 9191;
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