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Priya PS, Pavithra V, Vaishnavi S, Almutairi BO, Arokiyaraj S, Dhanaraj M, Seetharaman S, Arockiaraj J. Application of Bacillus Coagulans as Paraprobiotic Against Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease in Shrimp. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024:10.1007/s12602-024-10230-6. [PMID: 38329695 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-024-10230-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Paraprobiotics, known as non-viable or ghost probiotics, have attracted attention for their benefits over live microbial cells. This study was designed to investigate the paraprobiotic effects of heat-killed Bacillus coagulans on the white leg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. The paraprobiotic formulation was prepared in three different concentrations including B. coagulans 1 (107 cells g-1 diet), B. coagulans 2 (108 cells g-1 diet), and B. coagulans 3 (109 cells g-1 diet) through heat inactivation method. Preliminary toxicity assessments revealed that post-larvae shrimps (mean weight ± SE: 0.025 ± 0.007 g) treated with B. coagulans 1, 2 and 3 paraprobiotic formulations exhibited no mortality, confirming the non-toxic nature of the formulated diet. In a 90-day feeding trial involving juvenile shrimps (mean weight ± SE: 0.64 ± 0.05 g), growth parameters and feed conversion ratios improved in all experimental groups. Subsequently, these shrimps were challenged with Vibrio parahaemolyticus, revealing that paraprobiotic-fed shrimps exhibited significant survival rate improvements. Oxidative stress-related enzyme activities, such as superoxide dismutase and catalase, increased in paraprobiotic-fed shrimps post-Vibrio challenge, while the challenged control group showed decreased activity (p < 0.001). Nitric oxide levels are also increased in paraprobiotic-treated shrimp, with B. coagulans 3 showing a significant rise in nitric oxide activity (p < 0.001). This study further demonstrated the positive impact of paraprobiotic treatment on digestive enzymes, immune-related parameters (e.g., total hemocyte count, prophenoloxidase, and respiratory burst activity), and overall disease resistance. These findings suggest that B. coagulans paraprobiotics have the potential to enhance antioxidant, antibacterial, and immune-related responses in L. vannamei, making them a valuable addition to shrimp aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Snega Priya
- Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulatur, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India
| | - V Pavithra
- Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulatur, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India
| | - S Vaishnavi
- Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulatur, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India
| | - Bader O Almutairi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Selvaraj Arokiyaraj
- Department of Food Science & Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Korea
| | - M Dhanaraj
- Foundation for Aquaculture Innovations and Technology Transfer (FAITT), Kumaran Kudil, Thoraipakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600097, India
| | - S Seetharaman
- Foundation for Aquaculture Innovations and Technology Transfer (FAITT), Kumaran Kudil, Thoraipakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600097, India
| | - Jesu Arockiaraj
- Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulatur, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India.
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Bunnoy A, Yanglang A, Tribamrung N, Keawthong C, Tumree P, Kumwan B, Meachasompop P, Saengrung J, Vanichvatin K, Muangrerk C, Prakitsri P, Suwatthanaphim A, Srisapoome P. Dietary administration of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) hydrolysate from sugar byproducts promotes the growth, survival, immunity, microbial community and disease resistance to VP (AHPND) in Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 145:109327. [PMID: 38158167 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of yeast hydrolysate (YH) from sugar byproducts on various parameters in Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). The study found no significant differences in water quality parameters across all treatment tanks, ensuring that the observed effects were not due to environmental variations. There were no significant differences in growth parameters between the control group and groups receiving YH at different dosages. However, the group given YH at 10.0 g/kg feed exhibited a notably higher survival rate and higher expression of growth-related genes (IGF-2 and RAP-2A) in various shrimp tissues. YH was associated with enhanced immune responses, including lysozyme activity, NBT dye reduction, bactericidal activity, and phagocytic activity. Notably, the 10.0 g/kg feed group displayed the highest phagocytic index, indicating a dose-dependent immune response. Expression of immune-related genes (ALF, LYZ, ProPO, and SOD) was upregulated in various shrimp tissues. This upregulation was particularly significant in the gills, hepatopancreas, intestine, and hemocytes. While total Vibrio counts remained consistent, a reduction in green Vibrio colonies was observed in the intestine of shrimp treated with YH. YH, especially at 5.0 and 10.0 g/kg feed dosages, significantly increased survival rates and RPS values in response to AHPND infection. The findings of this study suggest that incorporating additives derived from yeast byproducts with possible prebiotic properties obtained from sugar byproducts can lead to positive results in terms of enhancing growth performance, immunity, histological improvements, and resistance to V. parahaemolyticus, the causative agent of acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anurak Bunnoy
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, 50 Paholayothin Rd, Ladyao, Chatuchak, 10900, Bangkok, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, 50 Paholayothin Rd, Ladyao, Chatuchak, 10900, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Arat Yanglang
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, 50 Paholayothin Rd, Ladyao, Chatuchak, 10900, Bangkok, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, 50 Paholayothin Rd, Ladyao, Chatuchak, 10900, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Nattanicha Tribamrung
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, 50 Paholayothin Rd, Ladyao, Chatuchak, 10900, Bangkok, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, 50 Paholayothin Rd, Ladyao, Chatuchak, 10900, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Chalinda Keawthong
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, 50 Paholayothin Rd, Ladyao, Chatuchak, 10900, Bangkok, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, 50 Paholayothin Rd, Ladyao, Chatuchak, 10900, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Pimchanok Tumree
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, 50 Paholayothin Rd, Ladyao, Chatuchak, 10900, Bangkok, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, 50 Paholayothin Rd, Ladyao, Chatuchak, 10900, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Benchawan Kumwan
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, 50 Paholayothin Rd, Ladyao, Chatuchak, 10900, Bangkok, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, 50 Paholayothin Rd, Ladyao, Chatuchak, 10900, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Pakapon Meachasompop
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, 50 Paholayothin Rd, Ladyao, Chatuchak, 10900, Bangkok, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, 50 Paholayothin Rd, Ladyao, Chatuchak, 10900, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Jureerat Saengrung
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, 50 Paholayothin Rd, Ladyao, Chatuchak, 10900, Bangkok, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, 50 Paholayothin Rd, Ladyao, Chatuchak, 10900, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Kontee Vanichvatin
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, 50 Paholayothin Rd, Ladyao, Chatuchak, 10900, Bangkok, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, 50 Paholayothin Rd, Ladyao, Chatuchak, 10900, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Chayanee Muangrerk
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, 50 Paholayothin Rd, Ladyao, Chatuchak, 10900, Bangkok, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, 50 Paholayothin Rd, Ladyao, Chatuchak, 10900, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Pravit Prakitsri
- Mitr Phol Biofuel Co. Ltd, Sukhumvit Rd. Klongtoey, Bangkok, 10110, Thailand
| | | | - Prapansak Srisapoome
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, 50 Paholayothin Rd, Ladyao, Chatuchak, 10900, Bangkok, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, 50 Paholayothin Rd, Ladyao, Chatuchak, 10900, Bangkok, Thailand.
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Moustafa EM, Farrag FA, Shukry M, Salah El-Din HM, Omar AA. Ameliorative effect of BIO-MOS ® as a dietary supplementation on growth performance, physiological response, oxidative status, and immunity-linked gene expression in Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila. Open Vet J 2024; 14:116-135. [PMID: 38633169 PMCID: PMC11018443 DOI: 10.5455/ovj.2024.v14.i1.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Mannanoligosaccharides (MOS) usage in fish production has drawn more attention because of their positive benefits on disease resistance and fish performance. Aim The ongoing research was executed to assess the potential advantages of Bio-Mos® dietary supplementation regarding the growth outcomes, physiological response, oxidative biomarkers, and immunity-linked gene expression in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings exposed to bacterial infection with Aeromonas hydrophila. Methods Four experimental diets were developed using a 30% protein baseline diet, with Bio-Mos® added at variable levels; 0.0, 0.5, 1, and 2 g/kg, respectively. 240 healthy Nile tilapia fingerlings were split into 4 groups at random and assigned to 12 glass aquariums (three replicates of 20 fish/treatment). Diets were admitted at a 3% rate of fish biomass/aquarium for 8 weeks. Following the feeding trial, fish from every treatment were intraperitoneally injected with pathogenic A. hydrophila, and then observed for 15 days to record the survival rate percent (SR%) post challenge. Results Results revealed significant improvement in growth performance, physiological response, immunological parameters (phagocytic index, phagocytic activity, and lysozyme), and antioxidant parameters [catalase, malondialdehyde, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and superoxide dismutase (SOD)] among Bio-Mos® treated groups. Moreover, Bio-Mos® increased the expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha and Interleukin 1β, genes linked to the liver immune system. Growth-related genes (GHr), antioxidant-related genes (SOD and GSH-Px). In fish subjected to pathogens, dietary MOS supplementation could significantly lower oxidative stress, showing promise as a preventative supplement for Nile tilapia in place of antibiotics. On the other hand, Bio-Mos® considerably improved each of the three intestinal morphological measures (villus width, villus length, and crypt depth), showing the best overall intestinal structure-improving impact. The challenge with A. hydrophila caused marked degenerative alterations in the intestine, hepatopancreas, spleen, and posterior kidney of Nile tilapia, in the control group. However, lesion severity was greatly decreased and showed marked amelioration with an increased concentration of Bio-Mos®. The A. hydrophila-challenged groups revealed a 100% SR% mainly among the Bio-Mos® supplemented groups. Conclusion It is recommended to enrich the Nile tilapia fingerlings diets with 2 g.kg-1 of MOS for better results on the growth rate, physiological response, immunological response, and intestinal absorptive capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman M. Moustafa
- Fish Diseases and Management Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
| | - Foad A. Farrag
- Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Delta University for Science and Technology, Dakahlia, Egypt
| | - Mustafa Shukry
- Animal Physiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
| | - Haguer M. Salah El-Din
- Fish Diseases and Management Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
| | - Amira A. Omar
- Fish Diseases and Management Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
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Lalitha N, Ronald BSM, Chitra MA, Jangam AK, Katneni VK, Suganya PN, Senthilnayagam H, Senthilkumar TMA, Muralidhar M. Exploration of the candidate beneficial bacteria for Penaeus vannamei culture by core microbiome analysis using amplicon sequencing. Lett Appl Microbiol 2023; 76:ovad087. [PMID: 37541955 DOI: 10.1093/lambio/ovad087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Globally, Penaeus vannamei is the vital species in aquaculture production. Beneficial bacterial exploration of gut, sediment, and water were investigated in P. vannamei culture using Illumina Miseq sequencing of 16S RNA V3-V4 hypervariable regions. Predominant phyla identified were Proteobacteria, Tenericutes, Bacteroidetes in gut; Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Planctomycetes in sediment and Cyanobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Planctomycetes in water. In total, 46 phyla, 509 families and 902 genera; 70 phyla, 735 families and 1255 genera; 55 phyla, 580 families and 996 genera were observed in gut, sediment and water, respectively. Diversity of microbial communities in respect of observed Operational Taxonomic Units, diversity indices (Shannon and Simpson), richness index (Chao1) were significantly high P (<0.05) in 60 DoC in gut and 30 DoC in sediment. Beta diversity indicated separate clusters for bacterial communities in gut, sediment and water samples and formation of distinct community profiles. Core microbiome in P. vannamei rearing ponds over a time consisted of 9, 21, and 20 OTUs in gut, rearing water and sediment, respectively. This study helps to intervene with suitable beneficial microbes to establish an aquaculture system thereby contributes to enhance the productivity, improve water quality and pond bottom condition, and control the pathogenic agents at each stage of the culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natarajan Lalitha
- ICAR-Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, Aquatic Animal Health and Environment Division, Chennai 600028, India
- Madras Veterinary College, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai 600007, India
| | | | - Murugesan Ananda Chitra
- Centre for Animal Health Studies, Madhavaram Milk Colony, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai 600051, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Jangam
- ICAR-Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, Aquatic Animal Health and Environment Division, Chennai 600028, India
| | - Vinaya Kumar Katneni
- ICAR-Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, Aquatic Animal Health and Environment Division, Chennai 600028, India
| | - Panjan Nathamuni Suganya
- ICAR-Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, Aquatic Animal Health and Environment Division, Chennai 600028, India
| | - Hemalatha Senthilnayagam
- Madras Veterinary College, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai 600007, India
| | | | - Moturi Muralidhar
- ICAR-Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, Aquatic Animal Health and Environment Division, Chennai 600028, India
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Guillén-Watson R, Arias-Andres M, Rojas-Jimenez K, Wehrtmann IS. Microplastics in feed cause sublethal changes in the intestinal microbiota and a non-specific immune response indicator of the freshwater crayfish Procambarus clarkii (Decapoda: Cambaridae). Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1197312. [PMID: 37533827 PMCID: PMC10390773 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1197312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Microplastics (MP) are a hazardous pollutant of global concern that threatens aquatic ecosystems and public health. We used the invasive, cosmopolitan, and environmentally versatile red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii as a model to study the effects of MP on the intestinal microbiome. Crayfish collected from the environment were compared with specimens exposed to recycled Polyethylene terephthalate (rPET) MP in feed (30%) for 96 h in the laboratory and a control group. We analyzed the 16S rRNA of the intestinal bacteria by PCR-DGGE and high-throughput sequencing. MP exposure caused dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota, with an increase in Alphaproteobacteria and Actinobacteria. We detected higher abundance of opportunistic genera such as Klebsiella, Acinetobacter, Hydromonas, Pseudomonas, Gemmobacter, and Enterobacter on MP fed organisms. Moreover, MP exposure reduced the abundance of Clostridia and Bateroidetes, which are important for immune system development and pathogen prevention. Furthermore, MP exposure decreased the phenoloxidase (PO) immune response in crayfish. There was a significant difference in the richness of intestinal bacterial communities after consumption of food contaminated with MP, likely increasing the abundance of opportunistic bacteria in the intestinal microbiota. Our results suggest that MP alter the gut microbial composition and impair the health of P. clarkii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossy Guillén-Watson
- Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
- Escuela de Biología, Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica, Cartago, Costa Rica
| | - Maria Arias-Andres
- Laboratorio ECOTOX, Instituto Regional de Estudios en Sustancias Tóxicas (IRET), Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica
| | | | - Ingo S. Wehrtmann
- Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología (CIMAR), Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
- Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Ecología Tropical (CIBET), Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
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Lorgen-Ritchie M, Uren Webster T, McMurtrie J, Bass D, Tyler CR, Rowley A, Martin SAM. Microbiomes in the context of developing sustainable intensified aquaculture. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1200997. [PMID: 37426003 PMCID: PMC10327644 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1200997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
With an ever-growing human population, the need for sustainable production of nutritional food sources has never been greater. Aquaculture is a key industry engaged in active development to increase production in line with this need while remaining sustainable in terms of environmental impact and promoting good welfare and health in farmed species. Microbiomes fundamentally underpin animal health, being a key part of their digestive, metabolic and defense systems, in the latter case protecting against opportunistic pathogens in the environment. The potential to manipulate the microbiome to the advantage of enhancing health, welfare and production is an intriguing prospect that has gained considerable traction in recent years. In this review we first set out what is known about the role of the microbiome in aquaculture production systems across the phylogenetic spectrum of cultured animals, from invertebrates to finfish. With a view to reducing environmental footprint and tightening biological and physical control, investment in "closed" aquaculture systems is on the rise, but little is known about how the microbial systems of these closed systems affect the health of cultured organisms. Through comparisons of the microbiomes and their dynamics across phylogenetically distinct animals and different aquaculture systems, we focus on microbial communities in terms of their functionality in order to identify what features within these microbiomes need to be harnessed for optimizing healthy intensified production in support of a sustainable future for aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tamsyn Uren Webster
- Centre for Sustainable Aquatic Research, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Jamie McMurtrie
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - David Bass
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas), Weymouth, United Kingdom
| | - Charles R. Tyler
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Rowley
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Samuel A. M. Martin
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
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Hamidoghli A, Lee Y, Hwang S, Choi W, Choi YH, Bai SC. Evaluation of Yeast Hydrolysate in a Low-Fishmeal Diet for Whiteleg Shrimp ( Litopenaeus vannamei). Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:1877. [PMID: 37889802 PMCID: PMC10251987 DOI: 10.3390/ani13111877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
An eight-week feeding trial was performed to evaluate the effects of yeast hydrolysate (YH) supplementation in a low-fishmeal diet on the growth, immune responses, intestinal histology and disease resistance of whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). Five experimental diets were produced by supplementing YH at 0 (CON), 0.5 (YH0.5), 1 (YH1), 2 (YH2) and 4 (YH4) % to a basal diet containing 10% fishmeal and compared with a positive control with 25% fishmeal (FM25). Shrimp with an initial average weight of 0.43 ± 0.005 g (mean ± SD) were stocked in 18 tanks and fed the experimental diets (38% protein and 8% lipid) four times a day. Results showed that shrimp fed the FM25 diet exhibited significantly higher final body weight, weight gain, specific growth rate and protein efficiency ratio than those fed CON, YH0.5, YH1 and YH2 diets (p < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences between shrimp fed the YH4 and FM25 diets (p > 0.05). In addition, there were no significant differences in whole-body proximate composition, hemolymph biochemical parameters and non-specific immune responses among treatments. Intestinal villi length and muscular layer thickness of shrimp fed the YH4 and FM25 diets were significantly higher than the other groups. At the end of the bacterial (Vibrio parahaemolyticus) challenge test, shrimp fed YH4 and FM25 diets showed a significantly higher survival rate than those of shrimp fed CON, YH0.5 and YH1 (p < 0.05). These results suggest that supplementing 4% YH in diet containing 10% fishmeal could beneficially influence growth, intestinal morphology and disease resistance of whiteleg shrimp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Hamidoghli
- Feeds & Foods Nutrition Research Center, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
- Aquaculture Research Institute, University of Idaho, Hagerman, ID 83332, USA
| | - Yein Lee
- Department of Fisheries Biology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyeon Hwang
- Department of Fisheries Biology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonsuk Choi
- Feeds & Foods Nutrition Research Center, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn-Hee Choi
- Division of Fisheries Life Sciences, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungchul C. Bai
- Feeds & Foods Nutrition Research Center, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
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Characteristics and bioactive properties of agro-waste and yeast derived manno-oligosaccharides. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2022.102522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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9
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Sathitkowitchai W, Sathapondecha P, Angthong P, Srimarut Y, Malila Y, Nakkongkam W, Chaiyapechara S, Karoonuthaisiri N, Keawsompong S, Rungrassamee W. Isolation and Characterization of Mannanase-Producing Bacteria for Potential Synbiotic Application in Shrimp Farming. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12192583. [PMID: 36230324 PMCID: PMC9558954 DOI: 10.3390/ani12192583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Prebiotics such as mannan-oligosaccharides (MOS) are a promising approach to improve performance and disease resistance in shrimp. To improve prebiotic utilization, we investigated the potential probiotics and their feasibility of synbiotic use in vitro. Two bacterial isolates, Man26 and Man122, were isolated from shrimp intestines and screened for mannanase, the enzyme for mannan digestion. The crude mannanase from both isolates showed optimal activities at pH 8 with optimum temperatures at 60 °C and 50 °C, respectively. The enzymes remained stable at pH 8−10 for 3 h (>70% relative activity). The thermostability range of Man26 was 20−40 °C for 20 min (>50%), while that of Man122 was 20−60 °C for 30 min (>50%). The Vmax of Man122 against locust bean gum substrate was 41.15 ± 12.33 U·mg−1, six times higher than that of Man26. The Km of Man26 and Man122 were 18.92 ± 4.36 mg·mL−1 and 34.53 ± 14.46 mg·mL−1, respectively. With the addition of crude enzymes, reducing sugars of copra meal, palm kernel cake, and soybean meal were significantly increased (p < 0.05), as well as protein release. The results suggest that Man26 and Man122 could potentially be used in animal feeds and synbiotically with copra meal to improve absorption and utilization of feedstuffs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Witida Sathitkowitchai
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Ponsit Sathapondecha
- Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics Research, Division of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand
| | - Pacharaporn Angthong
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Yanee Srimarut
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Yuwares Malila
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
- International Joint Research Center on Food Security, 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Wuttichai Nakkongkam
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Sage Chaiyapechara
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Nitsara Karoonuthaisiri
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
- International Joint Research Center on Food Security, 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen’s University Belfast, Biological Sciences Building, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast BT9 5DL, UK
| | - Suttipun Keawsompong
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Wanilada Rungrassamee
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
- International Joint Research Center on Food Security, 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
- Correspondence:
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10
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Dawood A, Shi W. Effect of dietary β-mannanase supplementation on growth performance, digestibility, and gene expression levels of Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus) fingerlings fed a plant protein-rich diet. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:956054. [PMID: 36118353 PMCID: PMC9480618 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.956054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess possible beneficial effects of dietary β-mannanase supplementation on the nutrient digestibility, growth performance, digestive and metabolic enzyme activity, and immune response of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) fed plant protein-rich diets. An experiment was conducted in triplicate, and a total of 225 fingerlings of common carp with an average body weight of 13.17 ± 0.12 g were stocked in 15 fiberglass tanks (15 fish/tank). Five dietary treatments (control 35% crude protein, plant-rich basal diet without supplement and four diets supplemented with β-mannanase from two sources (commercially available and locally isolated), each at two dosage levels (500 and 1,000 U/kg diet) were prepared and fed to respective groups of fish, twice a day (8:00 AM and 4:00 PM) at 4 % body weight. During the trial, changes in the level of DO and temperature ranged from 5.5 to 6.1 mg L-1 and 21.5 to 23.5°C, respectively. At the end of the feeding experiment, all fish in each tank were weighed and counted to determine growth parameters, while for the study of other indices, nine samples/treatment group were selected. The results of the study indicated a positive effect of both sources and dosage levels of β-mannanase supplementation on all studied indices, that is, significantly improved (P < 0.05), growth performance (%weight gain, specific growth rate), survival %, hematological indices (RBC, Hb, HCT, and MCHC), immunological indices (lysozyme activity, WBC, respiratory burst activity, and phagocytic activity), improved apparent digestibility of nutrients (crude protein, crude fat, and carbohydrates), and digestible energy. Furthermore, higher activity (P < 0.05) of the digestive enzymes (cellulase, lipase, and protease) and upregulation of MyoD gene in muscle and TNF-α gene in liver, intestine, and muscle were also observed, while the activity of serum AST (serum aspartate aminotransferase) and ALT (alanine transaminase) as compared to control group was significantly decreased (P < 0.05). Based on the results, β-mannanase supplementation (500 U/kg) could be recommended for obtaining better carp production when low-cost plant protein-rich diets are used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneesa Dawood
- Department of Zoology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Weibin Shi
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
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11
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Baumgärtner S, James J, Ellison A. The supplementation of a prebiotic improves the microbial community in the gut and the skin of Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar). AQUACULTURE REPORTS 2022; 25:None. [PMID: 35957625 PMCID: PMC9352597 DOI: 10.1016/j.aqrep.2022.101204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Aquaculture growth is hindered by an increasing number of challenges, primarily infectious diseases and inappropriate or unsustainable fish nutrition. Hence it is critical to develop novel prevention strategies to minimise infectious diseases and pharmaceutical interventions. Nutritional challenges and the health of the fish could be improved by managing their microbial communities. Microbiomes can play a crucial role in fish physiology, particularly in digestion, by metabolizing largely indigestible feed components for the host or synthesis essential micronutrients. Beyond their nutritional role, microbiomes are considered the first line of defence against pathogens. In this study, a novel prebiotic mix (Selectovit), composed of 1,3/1,6-beta glucans, mannan-oligosaccharides, nucleic acids, nucleotides, medium chain fatty acids and single chain fatty acids, was tested at different inclusion levels (0.0; 0.5; 1.0; 2.0 g/kg) in the diet of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Using experimental feed trials and 16 S rRNA microbiome profiling, the impact of the prebiotic blend on fish growth and microbial community within both the gastrointestinal tract and the skin was assessed. Overall, the supplement showed no significant impact on growth. However, we clearly demonstrate that the prebiotic can significantly manipulate the microbial community of the distal intestine and the skin. Several potential beneficial bacteria such as Bacillus and Mycoplasma spp. were significantly more abundant in the prebiotic-fed groups compared to the control. In contrast, putative pathogenic bacteria were less abundant in the salmon fed the prebiotic blend. Interestingly, the supplement induced more changes in the skin than in the gut. There is growing evidence in fish for highly complex interactions between the microbial communities of the digestive system and external mucosa, and with the host immune system. Further research in this field could lead to the creation of novel bacterial biomarkers and new non-invasive strategies for fish digestive health monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jack James
- Pontus Research Ltd, Unit E, Hirwaun Industrial Estate, Aberdare CF449UP, UK
| | - Amy Ellison
- Bangor University, School of Natural Sciences, Bangor LL57 2UW, UK
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12
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Inclusion of Mannan-Oligosaccharides in Diets for Tropical Gar Atractosteus tropicus Larvae: Effects on Growth, Digestive Enzymes, and Expression of Intestinal Barrier Genes. FISHES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fishes7030127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mannan-oligosaccharides (MOS) are non-digestible carbohydrates, and their use in aquaculture as prebiotics is well documented. The objective of this work was to test whether MOS supplemented in the diet of A. tropicus larvae (2, 4, and 6 g kg−1) influence growth parameters, the activity of digestive enzymes, and the expression of genes related to the intestinal barrier. The highest total length was observed in larvae fed 6 g kg−1 MOS compared to control larvae. Trypsin activity increased with the addition of MOS to the diets, but leucine aminopeptidase activity only increased with 6 g kg−1 MOS. Lipase and α-amylase activities increased in larvae fed with 2 and 4 g kg−1 MOS. The expression of zo-2 was higher with the 6 g kg−1 MOS treatment. The cl-3 transcripts were lower with 2 g kg−1 MOS but higher with 6 g kg−1 MOS. All tested concentrations of MOS increased the expression of muc-2. In this study, incorporating mannan-oligosaccharides into the diet of A. tropicus larvae had a positive effect, and the concentration of 6 g kg−1 produced the best results. Therefore, including this prebiotic in the diets for the culture of A. tropicus larvae is suitable.
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13
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Ochoa-Romo JP, Cornejo-Granados F, Lopez-Zavala AA, Viana MT, Sánchez F, Gallardo-Becerra L, Luque-Villegas M, Valdez-López Y, Sotelo-Mundo RR, Cota-Huízar A, López-Munguia A, Ochoa-Leyva A. Agavin induces beneficial microbes in the shrimp microbiota under farming conditions. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6392. [PMID: 35430601 PMCID: PMC9013378 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10442-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Prebiotics and probiotics have shown a number of beneficial impacts preventing diseases in cultured shrimps. Complex soluble carbohydrates are considered ideal for fostering microbiota biodiversity by fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAPS). Here we evaluated the growth performance and microbiota composition of the white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei after dietary intervention using agavin as a FODMAP prebiotic under farming conditions. Adult L. vannamei were raised at a shrimp farm and the effect of agavin supplemented at 2% (AG2) or 10% (AG10) levels were compared to an agavin-free basal diet (BD). After 28 days-trial, the feed conversion ratio, total feed ingested, and protein efficiency ratio was significantly improved on animals fed with AG2. At the same time, no effect on growth performance was observed in AG10. Surprisingly, after sequencing the V3-V4 regions of the 16S rRNA gene a higher microbial richness and diversity in the hepatopancreas and intestine was found only in those animals receiving the AG10 diet, while those receiving the AG2 diet had a decreased richness and diversity, both diets compared to the BD. The beta diversity analysis showed a clear significant microbiota clustering by agavin diets only in the hepatopancreas, suggesting that agavin supplementation had a more substantial deterministic effect on the microbiota of hepatopancreas than on the intestine. We analyzed the literature to search beneficial microbes for shrimp's health and found sequences for 42 species in our 16S data, being significantly increased Lactobacillus pentosus, Pseudomonas putida and Pseudomonas synxantha in the hepatopancreas of the AG10 and Rodopseudomonas palustris and Streptococcus thermophiles th1435 in the hepatopancreas of the AG2, both compared to BD. Interestingly, when we analyzed the abundance of 42 beneficial microbes as a single microbial community "meta-community," found an increase in their abundance as agavin concentration increases in the hepatopancreas. In addition, we also sequenced the DNA of agavin and found 9 of the 42 beneficial microbes. From those, Lactobacillus lactis and Lactobacillus delbrueckii were found in shrimps fed with agavin (both AG2 and AG10), and Lysinibacillus fusiformis in AG10 and they were absent the BD diet, suggesting these three species could be introduced with the agavin to the diet. Our work provides evidence that agavin supplementation is associated with an increase of beneficial microbes for the shrimp microbiota at farming conditions. Our study provides the first evidence that a shrimp prebiotic may selectively modify the microbiota in an organ-dependent effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Pablo Ochoa-Romo
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología (IBT), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Av. Universidad #2001, Col. Chamilpa, 62210, Cuernavaca, MOR, Mexico
| | - Fernanda Cornejo-Granados
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología (IBT), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Av. Universidad #2001, Col. Chamilpa, 62210, Cuernavaca, MOR, Mexico
| | - Alonso A Lopez-Zavala
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad de Sonora (UNISON), Blvd., Rosales y Luis Encinas, 83000, Hermosillo, SON, Mexico
| | - María Teresa Viana
- Instituto de Investigaciones Oceanológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California (UABC), Km 107 carretera Tijuana/Ensenada, 22860, Ensenada, BC, Mexico
| | - Filiberto Sánchez
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología (IBT), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Av. Universidad #2001, Col. Chamilpa, 62210, Cuernavaca, MOR, Mexico
| | - Luigui Gallardo-Becerra
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología (IBT), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Av. Universidad #2001, Col. Chamilpa, 62210, Cuernavaca, MOR, Mexico
| | - Mirna Luque-Villegas
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología (IBT), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Av. Universidad #2001, Col. Chamilpa, 62210, Cuernavaca, MOR, Mexico
| | - Yesenia Valdez-López
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología (IBT), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Av. Universidad #2001, Col. Chamilpa, 62210, Cuernavaca, MOR, Mexico
| | - Rogerio R Sotelo-Mundo
- Laboratorio de Estructura Biomolecular, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. (CIAD), Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas Num. 46, Col. La Victoria, 83304, Hermosillo, SON, Mexico
| | - Andrés Cota-Huízar
- Camarones El Renacimiento SPR de RI, Justino Rubio No. 26, Col Ejidal, 81330, Higuera de Zaragoza, SIN, Mexico
| | - Agustín López-Munguia
- Departamento de Ingeniería Celular y Biocatálisis, Instituto de Biotecnología, UNAM, Avenida Universidad 2001, Col. Chamilpa, 62420, Cuernavaca, MOR, Mexico
| | - Adrian Ochoa-Leyva
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología (IBT), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Av. Universidad #2001, Col. Chamilpa, 62210, Cuernavaca, MOR, Mexico.
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Emerenciano MGC, Rombenso AN, Vieira FDN, Martins MA, Coman GJ, Truong HH, Noble TH, Simon CJ. Intensification of Penaeid Shrimp Culture: An Applied Review of Advances in Production Systems, Nutrition and Breeding. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12030236. [PMID: 35158558 PMCID: PMC8833552 DOI: 10.3390/ani12030236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Intensification of the shrimp sector, also referred to as vertical expansion, has been predominately driven by consecutive incidences of global disease outbreaks, which have caused enormous economic loss for the main producer countries. A growing segment of the shrimp farming industry has opted to use production systems with higher density, biosecurity, and operating control to mitigate the risks posed by disease. However, successful super-intensive shrimp production is reliant on an advanced understanding of many important biological and economic parameters in the farming system, coupled with effective monitoring, to maintain optimal production. Compared to traditional extensive or semi-intensive systems, super-intensive systems require higher inputs of feed, energy, labor, and supplements. These systems are highly sensitive to the interactions between these different inputs and require that the biological and economical parameters of farming are carefully balanced to ensure success. Advancing nutritional knowledge and tools to support consistent and efficient production of shrimp in these high-cost super-intensive systems is also necessary. Breeding programs developing breeding-lines selected for these challenging super-intensive environments are critical. Understanding synergies between the key areas of production systems, nutrition, and breeding are crucial for super-intensive farming as all three areas coalesce to influence the health of shrimp and commercial farming success. This article reviews current strategies and innovations being used for Litopenaeus vannamei in production systems, nutrition, and breeding, and discusses the synergies across these areas that can support the production of healthy and high-quality shrimp in super-intensive systems. Finally, we briefly discuss some key issues of social license pertinent to the super-intensive shrimp farming industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurício G. C. Emerenciano
- Livestock & Aquaculture Program, Bribie Island Research Centre, The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Woorim 4507, Australia; (A.N.R.); (G.J.C.); (H.H.T.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Artur N. Rombenso
- Livestock & Aquaculture Program, Bribie Island Research Centre, The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Woorim 4507, Australia; (A.N.R.); (G.J.C.); (H.H.T.)
| | - Felipe d. N. Vieira
- Marine Shrimp Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis 88061-600, Brazil; (F.d.N.V.); (M.A.M.)
| | - Mateus A. Martins
- Marine Shrimp Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis 88061-600, Brazil; (F.d.N.V.); (M.A.M.)
| | - Greg J. Coman
- Livestock & Aquaculture Program, Bribie Island Research Centre, The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Woorim 4507, Australia; (A.N.R.); (G.J.C.); (H.H.T.)
| | - Ha H. Truong
- Livestock & Aquaculture Program, Bribie Island Research Centre, The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Woorim 4507, Australia; (A.N.R.); (G.J.C.); (H.H.T.)
| | - Tansyn H. Noble
- Livestock & Aquaculture Program, CSIRO, Berrimah 0828, Australia;
| | - Cedric J. Simon
- Livestock & Aquaculture Program, CSIRO, Queensland Bioscience Precinct, St. Lucia 4067, Australia;
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15
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Li K, Zhao S, Guan W, Li KJ. Planktonic bacteria in white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) and channel catfish (Letalurus punetaus) aquaculture ponds in a salt-alkaline region. Lett Appl Microbiol 2021; 74:212-219. [PMID: 34778977 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Aquaculture in salt-alkaline regions is encouraged in China, and culture of many aquatic species has been introduced into these areas. In this study, we cultured two species, white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) and channel catfish (Letalurus punetaus) separately in aquaculture ponds in a salt-alkaline region in northwest China and assessed the impacts of the aquaculture operations on the planktonic bacterial community in the culture ponds. Culture of both species decreased the planktonic bacterial diversity and altered the bacterial community structure in the aquaculture ponds compared with the source water. Among the 10 dominant bacterial phyla, 8 were significantly correlated with environmental parameters; the exception was Actinobacteriota, the most dominant phylum, and Firmicutes. Proteobacteria and Bacteroidota abundances showed significant positive correlations with alkalinity, whereas Patescibacteria, Cyanobacteria, Planctomycetota, and Verrucomicrobiota abundance were positively correlated with salinity. Linear regression analysis showed that alkalinity was positively correlated with bacterial beta diversity and salinity was negatively correlated with that. In addition, white shrimp aquaculture significantly lowered the alkalinity, which suggests that culture of this species in inland salt-alkaline regions is a potential dealkalization solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Li
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - S Zhao
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - W Guan
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - K J Li
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
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16
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Rodrigues LE, Kishibe MM, Keller R, Caetano HRDS, Rufino MN, Sanches ODC, Giometti IC, Giuffrida R, Bremer-Neto H. Prebiotics mannan-oligosaccharides accelerate sexual maturity in rats: A randomized preclinical study. Vet World 2021; 14:1210-1219. [PMID: 34220123 PMCID: PMC8243662 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.1210-1219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: The prebiotics, mannan-oligosaccharides (MOS), demonstrate the ability to increase probiotic microorganisms and fixation and removal of pathogens associated with chronic systemic inflammation in the digestive system. Inflammatory processes play an important role in modulating the brain-intestinal axis, including maintaining male reproductive function and spermatogenesis and regulating stress. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the action of MOS on testosterone and corticosterone concentrations and the reproductive system development of rats in the growth phase as an animal model. Materials and Methods: In total, 128 male rats were used, randomly divided into four experimental groups (n=32): Control; MOS 1; MOS 2; and MOS 3. From each group, eight animals were sacrificed in four experimental moments (14, 28, 42, and 56 days, respectively, moments 1, 2, 3, and 4) and hormonal measurements and histological evaluations were performed. Results: The results revealed the effect of diet, MOS, and timing on testicle weight (p<0.05). At moments 3 and 4, the groups supplemented with MOS showed higher concentrations of testosterone and decreased corticosterone levels throughout the experimental period. Groups supplemented with MOS showed an increase in the frequency of relative sperm and sperm scores. The radii of the seminiferous tubules presented a significant statistical effect of the diet, moments, and diet + moment interaction. Conclusion: It was concluded that the three different MOS prebiotics brought forward sexual maturity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Eduardo Rodrigues
- Department of Functional Sciences, Laboratory of Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade do Oeste Paulista, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Milena Miyoshi Kishibe
- Department of Functional Sciences, Laboratory of Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade do Oeste Paulista, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rogeria Keller
- Department of Functional Sciences, Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidade do Oeste Paulista, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Heliard Rodrigues Dos Santos Caetano
- Department of Functional Sciences, Laboratory of Physiology, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Universidade do Oeste Paulista, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcos Natal Rufino
- Department of Functional Sciences, Laboratory of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade do Oeste Paulista, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Ines Cristina Giometti
- Department of Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade do Oeste Paulista, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rogério Giuffrida
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade do Oeste Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hermann Bremer-Neto
- Department of Functional Sciences, Laboratory of Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade do Oeste Paulista, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil
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17
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Ayiku S, Shen JF, Tan BP, Dong XH, Liu HY. Effects of dietary yeast culture on shrimp growth, immune response, intestinal health and disease resistance against Vibrio harveyi. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 102:286-295. [PMID: 32334129 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The current study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different levels of yeast culture (YC) supplementation at 0% (YC 0%), 1% (YC 1%), and 2% (YC 2%) on growth, feed conversion ratio, body composition, intestinal morphology, microflora, immune response, and resistance to Vibrio harveyi infection in Litopenaeus vannamei. After 8-weeks feeding trial, the results showed significant improvement (p < .05) in the final weight, weight gain rate, specific growth rate, survival rate and low feed conversion ratio in YC groups than the control. Serum total protein, superoxide dismutase, catalase, alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, lysozyme, and phenol oxidase in shrimps fed diet YC (2%) were significantly higher (p < .05), whereas significantly decreased trend in serum cholesterol, triglyceride, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase (p < .05) were observed in YC (2%) diet. Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, and Firmicutes were the core phylum bacteria found in the shrimp intestines. At the genus level, opportunistic pathogenic bacteria, Vibrio was significantly decreased (p < .05) while beneficial bacteria Pseudoalteromonas was increased in YC (2%) group. Intestinal villus height and width in shrimps fed YC diets were significantly improved than the control diet (p < .05). YC groups challenged test significantly showed (p < .05) improved shrimps immune response against V. harveyi infections with YC (2%) recording the highest percentage survival rate (70%). The present study demonstrated that supplementing YC (2%) can improve growth, intestinal microbiota, intestinal morphology, and immune response against V. harveyi infections in L. vannamei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Ayiku
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, PR China; Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High-Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jian-Fei Shen
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, PR China; Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High-Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, China
| | - Bei-Ping Tan
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, PR China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524000, China; Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High-Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Dong
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, PR China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524000, China; Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High-Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hong-Yu Liu
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, PR China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524000, China; Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High-Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, China.
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18
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Holt CC, Bass D, Stentiford GD, van der Giezen M. Understanding the role of the shrimp gut microbiome in health and disease. J Invertebr Pathol 2020; 186:107387. [PMID: 32330478 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2020.107387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
With rapid increases in the global shrimp aquaculture sector, a focus on animal health during production becomes ever more important. Animal productivity is intimately linked to health, and the gut microbiome is becoming increasingly recognised as an important driver of cultivation success. The microbes that colonise the gut, commonly referred to as the gut microbiota or the gut microbiome, interact with their host and contribute to a number of key host processes, including digestion and immunity. Gut microbiome manipulation therefore represents an attractive proposition for aquaculture and has been suggested as a possible alternative to the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics in the management of disease, which is a major limitation of growth in this sector. Microbiota supplementation has also demonstrated positive effects on growth and survival of several different commercial species, including shrimp. Development of appropriate gut supplements, however, requires prior knowledge of the host microbiome. Little is known about the gut microbiota of the aquatic invertebrates, but penaeid shrimp are perhaps more studied than most. Here, we review current knowledge of information reported on the shrimp gut microbiota, highlighting the most frequently observed taxa and emphasizing the dominance of Proteobacteria within this community. We discuss involvement of the microbiome in the regulation of shrimp health and disease and describe how the gut microbiota changes with the introduction of several economically important shrimp pathogens. Finally, we explore evidence of microbiome supplementation and consider its role in the future of penaeid shrimp production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corey C Holt
- International Centre of Excellence for Aquatic Animal Health Theme, Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas), Barrack Road, Weymouth, Dorset DT4 8UB, United Kingdom; Biosciences, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter, United Kingdom; Centre for Sustainable Aquaculture Futures, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter, United Kingdom; Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
| | - David Bass
- International Centre of Excellence for Aquatic Animal Health Theme, Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas), Barrack Road, Weymouth, Dorset DT4 8UB, United Kingdom; Centre for Sustainable Aquaculture Futures, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Grant D Stentiford
- International Centre of Excellence for Aquatic Animal Health Theme, Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas), Barrack Road, Weymouth, Dorset DT4 8UB, United Kingdom; Centre for Sustainable Aquaculture Futures, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Mark van der Giezen
- Biosciences, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter, United Kingdom; Centre for Sustainable Aquaculture Futures, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter, United Kingdom; Department of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering, University of Stavanger, 4021 Stavanger, Norway.
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