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Bizama G, Jan A, Olivos JA, Fuentes-Jaque G, Valdovinos C, Urrutia R, Arismendi I. Climate change can disproportionately reduce habitats of stream fishes with restricted ranges in southern South America. Sci Rep 2024; 14:15780. [PMID: 38982210 PMCID: PMC11238036 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-66374-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Freshwater fishes are among the most threatened taxa worldwide owing to changes in land use, species introductions, and climate change. Although more than half of the freshwater fishes in the Chilean Mediterranean ecoregion are considered vulnerable or endangered, still little is known about their biogeography. Fishes of the family Perciliidae are endemic of this region and ideal cases to study potential implications of global warming given their endangered conservation status, small size, restricted range, and limited dispersal capacity in fragmented habitats. Here, we model the spatial distribution of habitats for Percilia irwini and P. gillissi under current (1970-2000) and future (2050-2080) climatic scenarios (SSP245, SSP585). We implement maximum entropy (MaxEnt) models adapted for stream networks using high-resolution datasets of selected geophysical and climatic variables. At present, both species inhabit relatively low-quality habitats. In the future (SSP585), suitable habitats for P. irwini are predicted to be reduced drastically (99%) with potential local extirpations in its northern range. Similarly, up to 62% of suitable habitats for P. gillissi would also be reduced in the future. Our study provides insights about assessing future threats and vulnerability of endemic, endangered, range-restricted, and small-bodied freshwater species in this region and elsewhere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Bizama
- Doctorado de Ciencias Ambientales, en Ecosistemas Acuáticos Continentales, Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales, Centro EULA-Chile, Universidad de Concepción, Víctor Lamas 1290, 4070386, Concepción, Chile.
- Centro de Recursos Hídricos para la Agricultura y Minería CRIHAM, Concepción, Chile.
| | - Arif Jan
- Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - J Andrés Olivos
- Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Guillermo Fuentes-Jaque
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Renewable Natural Resources, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudio Valdovinos
- Doctorado de Ciencias Ambientales, en Ecosistemas Acuáticos Continentales, Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales, Centro EULA-Chile, Universidad de Concepción, Víctor Lamas 1290, 4070386, Concepción, Chile
| | - Roberto Urrutia
- Doctorado de Ciencias Ambientales, en Ecosistemas Acuáticos Continentales, Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales, Centro EULA-Chile, Universidad de Concepción, Víctor Lamas 1290, 4070386, Concepción, Chile
- Centro de Recursos Hídricos para la Agricultura y Minería CRIHAM, Concepción, Chile
| | - Ivan Arismendi
- Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
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2
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Benitez HA, Salinas C, Hernández J, Contador Mejías T, Kim S, Maturana CS, Rebolledo L, Pérez LM, Câmara PEAS, Alves Ferreira V, Lobos I, Piñeiro A, Convey P. An outsider on the Antarctic Peninsula: A new record of the non-native moth Plodia interpunctella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e10838. [PMID: 38322004 PMCID: PMC10844584 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.10838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
We report the first record of the microlepidopteran Plodia interpunctella beyond the South Shetland Islands at the Chilean Yelcho scientific station (64°52'33.1428″ S; 63°35'1.9572″ W), Doumer Island, close to the west coast of the Antarctic Peninsula. It is notable that P. interpunctella, a globally distributed stored product pest species, exhibits a remarkable capacity for prolonged viability within food storage facilities. The dual challenges of food transportation and storage in the context of Antarctica's challenging operational conditions may have facilitated P. interpunctella's initial arrival to the Antarctic region. Non-perishable food items, such as grains, flour and rice, provide practical options for the bulk food transportation and storage required in the long-term operation of Antarctic research stations. The presence of P. interpunctella in Antarctica, even if restricted to synanthropic environments within buildings, is a clear threat to Antarctic biodiversity, not only through being an invasive species itself but also as a potential vector for other non-native species (bacteria, acari, between others.), which could carry diseases to the native species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo A. Benitez
- Millennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems (BASE)SantiagoChile
- Cape Horn International Center (CHIC)Centro Universitario Cabo de Hornos, Universidad de MagallanesPuerto WilliamsChile
- Laboratorio de Ecología y Morfometría Evolutiva, Centro de Investigación de Estudios Avanzados del MauleUniversidad Católica del MauleTalcaChile
| | - Carla Salinas
- Departamento CientíficoInstituto Antártico ChilenoPunta ArenasChile
| | - Jordan Hernández
- Millennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems (BASE)SantiagoChile
- Cape Horn International Center (CHIC)Centro Universitario Cabo de Hornos, Universidad de MagallanesPuerto WilliamsChile
- Programa de Doctorado en Salud Ecosistémica, Centro de Investigación de Estudios Avanzados del MauleUniversidad Católica del MauleTalcaChile
| | - Tamara Contador Mejías
- Millennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems (BASE)SantiagoChile
- Cape Horn International Center (CHIC)Centro Universitario Cabo de Hornos, Universidad de MagallanesPuerto WilliamsChile
- Núcleo Milenio de Salmónidos Invasores (INVASAL)ConcepciónChile
| | - Sanghee Kim
- Division of Life SciencesKorea Polar Research InstituteIncheonKorea
| | - Claudia S. Maturana
- Millennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems (BASE)SantiagoChile
- Cape Horn International Center (CHIC)Centro Universitario Cabo de Hornos, Universidad de MagallanesPuerto WilliamsChile
| | - Lorena Rebolledo
- Departamento CientíficoInstituto Antártico ChilenoPunta ArenasChile
| | - Laura M. Pérez
- Departamento de Física, FACIUniversidad de TarapacáAricaChile
| | | | | | - Isabel Lobos
- Millennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems (BASE)SantiagoChile
- Laboratorio de Ecología y Morfometría Evolutiva, Centro de Investigación de Estudios Avanzados del MauleUniversidad Católica del MauleTalcaChile
| | - Alejandro Piñeiro
- Millennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems (BASE)SantiagoChile
- Laboratorio de Ecología y Morfometría Evolutiva, Centro de Investigación de Estudios Avanzados del MauleUniversidad Católica del MauleTalcaChile
| | - Peter Convey
- Millennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems (BASE)SantiagoChile
- Cape Horn International Center (CHIC)Centro Universitario Cabo de Hornos, Universidad de MagallanesPuerto WilliamsChile
- British Antarctic Survey (BAS)Natural Environment Research CouncilCambridgeUK
- Department of ZoologyUniversity of JohannesburgAuckland ParkSouth Africa
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3
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Kang S, Kim S, Park KC, Petrašiūnas A, Shin HC, Jo E, Cho SM, Kim JH. Molecular evidence for multiple origins and high genetic differentiation of non-native winter crane fly, Trichocera maculipennis (Diptera: Trichoceridae), in the maritime Antarctic. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 242:117636. [PMID: 37952853 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Native biodiversity and ecosystems of Antarctica safeguarded from biological invasion face recent threats from non-native species, accelerated by increasing human activities and climate changes. Over two decades ago, the winter crane fly, Trichocera maculipennis, was first detected on King George Island. It has now successfully colonized several research stations across King George Island. To understand the origin, genetic diversity, and population structure of this Holarctic species, we conducted mitochondrial DNA cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) sequence analysis across both its native and invasive ranges. In parallel, we performed microsatellite loci analysis within the invasive ranges, utilizing 12 polymorphic microsatellite markers. Furthermore, we compared body sizes among adult males and females collected from three different locations of King George Island. Our COI sequence analysis exhibited two different lineages present on King George Island. Lineage I was linked to Arctic Svalbard and Polish cave populations and Lineage II was related to Canadian Terra Nova National Park populations, implying multiple origins. Microsatellite analysis further exhibited high levels of genetic diversity and significant levels of genetic differentiation among invasive populations. Body sizes of adult T. maculipennis were significantly different among invasive populations but were not attributed to genetics. This significant genetic diversity likely facilitated the rapid colonization and establishment of T. maculipennis on King George Island, contributing to their successful invasion. Molecular analysis results revealed a substantial amount of genetic variation within invasive populations, which can serve as management units for invasive species control. Furthermore, the genetic markers we developed in the study will be invaluable tools for tracking impending invasion events and the travel routes of new individuals. Taken together, these findings illustrate the highly invasive and adaptable characteristics of T. maculipennis. Therefore, immediate action is necessary to mitigate their ongoing invasion and facilitate their eradication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seunghyun Kang
- Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon, 21990, South Korea
| | - Sanghee Kim
- Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon, 21990, South Korea
| | - Kye Chung Park
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Ltd., Christchurch, 8140, New Zealand
| | - Andrius Petrašiūnas
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Biosciences, Vilnius University Life Sciences Center, LT 1022, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | | | - Euna Jo
- Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon, 21990, South Korea
| | - Sung Mi Cho
- Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon, 21990, South Korea
| | - Ji Hee Kim
- Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon, 21990, South Korea.
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4
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Contador Mejias T, Gañan M, Rendoll-Cárcamo J, Maturana CS, Benítez HA, Kennedy J, Rozzi R, Convey P. A polar insect's tale: Observations on the life cycle of Parochlus steinenii, the only winged midge native to Antarctica. Ecology 2023; 104:e3964. [PMID: 36565174 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Contador Mejias
- Millennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems (BASE), Santiago, Chile.,Cape Horn International Center (CHIC), Puerto Williams, Chile.,Millennium Nucleus of Austral Invasive Salmonids (INVASAL), Concepción, Chile.,Sub-Antarctic Biocultural Conservation Program, Wankara Laboratory, Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Chile
| | - Melisa Gañan
- Millennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems (BASE), Santiago, Chile.,Cape Horn International Center (CHIC), Puerto Williams, Chile.,Millennium Nucleus of Austral Invasive Salmonids (INVASAL), Concepción, Chile.,Sub-Antarctic Biocultural Conservation Program, Wankara Laboratory, Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Chile
| | - Javier Rendoll-Cárcamo
- Millennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems (BASE), Santiago, Chile.,Cape Horn International Center (CHIC), Puerto Williams, Chile.,Millennium Nucleus of Austral Invasive Salmonids (INVASAL), Concepción, Chile.,Sub-Antarctic Biocultural Conservation Program, Wankara Laboratory, Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Chile
| | - Claudia S Maturana
- Millennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems (BASE), Santiago, Chile.,Cape Horn International Center (CHIC), Puerto Williams, Chile.,Sub-Antarctic Biocultural Conservation Program, Wankara Laboratory, Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Chile
| | - Hugo A Benítez
- Millennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems (BASE), Santiago, Chile.,Cape Horn International Center (CHIC), Puerto Williams, Chile.,Laboratorio de Ecología y Morfometría Evolutiva, Centro de Investigación de Estudios Avanzados del Maule, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
| | - James Kennedy
- Cape Horn International Center (CHIC), Puerto Williams, Chile.,Sub-Antarctic Biocultural Conservation Program, Wankara Laboratory, Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Chile.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, USA
| | - Ricardo Rozzi
- Cape Horn International Center (CHIC), Puerto Williams, Chile.,Sub-Antarctic Biocultural Conservation Program, Wankara Laboratory, Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Chile.,Department of Philosophy and Religion Studies, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, USA
| | - Peter Convey
- Millennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems (BASE), Santiago, Chile.,Cape Horn International Center (CHIC), Puerto Williams, Chile.,British Antarctic Survey, NERC, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Zoology, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
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5
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Koerich G, Fraser CI, Lee CK, Morgan FJ, Tonkin JD. Forecasting the future of life in Antarctica. Trends Ecol Evol 2023; 38:24-34. [PMID: 35934551 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2022.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Antarctic ecosystems are under increasing anthropogenic pressure, but efforts to predict the responses of Antarctic biodiversity to environmental change are hindered by considerable data challenges. Here, we illustrate how novel data capture technologies provide exciting opportunities to sample Antarctic biodiversity at wider spatiotemporal scales. Data integration frameworks, such as point process and hierarchical models, can mitigate weaknesses in individual data sets, improving confidence in their predictions. Increasing process knowledge in models is imperative to achieving improved forecasts of Antarctic biodiversity, which can be attained for data-limited species using hybrid modelling frameworks. Leveraging these state-of-the-art tools will help to overcome many of the data scarcity challenges presented by the remoteness of Antarctica, enabling more robust forecasts both near- and long-term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle Koerich
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand.
| | - Ceridwen I Fraser
- Department of Marine Science, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Charles K Lee
- International Centre for Terrestrial Antarctic Research, School of Science, University of Waikato, Private Bag 3105, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand
| | - Fraser J Morgan
- Manaaki Whenua - Landcare Research, Auckland 1072, New Zealand; Te Pūnaha Matatini, Centre of Research Excellence in Complex Systems, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jonathan D Tonkin
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand; Te Pūnaha Matatini, Centre of Research Excellence in Complex Systems, Auckland, New Zealand; Bioprotection Aotearoa, Centre of Research Excellence, Canterbury, New Zealand.
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6
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Renault D, Leclerc C, Colleu M, Boutet A, Hotte H, Colinet H, Chown SL, Convey P. The rising threat of climate change for arthropods from Earth's cold regions: Taxonomic rather than native status drives species sensitivity. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2022; 28:5914-5927. [PMID: 35811569 PMCID: PMC9544941 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Polar and alpine regions are changing rapidly with global climate change. Yet, the impacts on biodiversity, especially on the invertebrate ectotherms which are dominant in these areas, remain poorly understood. Short-term extreme temperature events, which are growing in frequency, are expected to have profound impacts on high-latitude ectotherms, with native species being less resilient than their alien counterparts. Here, we examined in the laboratory the effects of short periodic exposures to thermal extremes on survival responses of seven native and two non-native invertebrates from the sub-Antarctic Islands. We found that survival of dipterans was significantly reduced under warming exposures, on average having median lethal times (LT50 ) of about 30 days in control conditions, which declined to about 20 days when exposed to daily short-term maxima of 24°C. Conversely, coleopterans were either not, or were less, affected by the climatic scenarios applied, with predicted LT50 as high as 65 days under the warmest condition (daily exposures at 28°C for 2 h). The native spider Myro kerguelensis was characterized by an intermediate sensitivity when subjected to short-term daily heat maxima. Our results unexpectedly revealed a taxonomic influence, with physiological sensitivity to heat differing between higher level taxa, but not between native and non-native species representing the same higher taxon. The survival of a non-native carabid beetle under the experimentally imposed conditions was very high, but similar to that of native beetles, while native and non-native flies also exhibited very similar sensitivity to warming. As dipterans are a major element of diversity of sub-Antarctic, Arctic and other cold ecosystems, such observations suggest that the increased occurrence of extreme, short-term, thermal events could lead to large-scale restructuring of key terrestrial ecosystem components both in ecosystems protected from and those exposed to the additional impacts of biological invasions.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Renault
- UMR 6553Univ Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO (Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité, Évolution)RennesFrance
| | - Camille Leclerc
- UMR 6553Univ Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO (Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité, Évolution)RennesFrance
- INRAE, Aix‐Marseille Université, UMR RECOVERAix‐en‐ProvenceFrance
| | - Marc‐Antoine Colleu
- UMR 6553Univ Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO (Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité, Évolution)RennesFrance
| | - Aude Boutet
- UMR 6553Univ Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO (Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité, Évolution)RennesFrance
| | - Hoel Hotte
- UMR 6553Univ Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO (Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité, Évolution)RennesFrance
- Nematology Unit, Plant Health LaboratoryANSESLe Rheu CedexFrance
| | - Hervé Colinet
- UMR 6553Univ Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO (Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité, Évolution)RennesFrance
| | - Steven L. Chown
- Securing Antarctica's Environmental Future, School of Biological SciencesMonash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Peter Convey
- British Antarctic Survey, NERCCambridgeUK
- Department of ZoologyUniversity of JohannesburgAuckland ParkSouth Africa
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7
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Phillips LM, Leihy RI, Chown SL. Improving species-based area protection in Antarctica. CONSERVATION BIOLOGY : THE JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR CONSERVATION BIOLOGY 2022; 36:e13885. [PMID: 35040183 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.13885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Area protection is a major mechanism deployed for environmental conservation in Antarctica. Yet, the Antarctic protected areas network is widely acknowledged as inadequate, in part because the criteria for area protection south of 60°S are not fully applied. The most poorly explored of these criteria is the type locality of species, which provides the primary legal means for Antarctic species-based area protection and a method for conserving species even if little is known about their habitat or distribution. The type locality criterion has not been systematically assessed since its incorporation into the Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty in 1991, so the extent to which the criterion is being met or might be useful for area protection is largely unknown. To address the matter, we created and analyzed a comprehensive database of Antarctic type localities of terrestrial and lacustrine lichens, plants, and animals. We compiled the database via a literature search of key taxonomic and geographic terms and then analyzed the distance between type localities identifiable to a ≤ 25km2 resolution and current Antarctic Specially Protected Areas (ASPAs) and human infrastructure. We used a distance-clustering approach for localities outside current ASPAs to determine candidate protected areas that could contain these unprotected localities. Of the 386 type localities analyzed, 108 were within or overlapped current ASPAs. Inclusion of the remaining 278 type localities in the ASPA network would require the designation of a further 105 protected areas. Twenty-four of these areas included human infrastructure disturbance. Given the slow rate of ASPA designation, growing pace of human impacts on the continent, and the management burden associated with ASPAs, we propose ways in which the type locality criterion might best be deployed. These include a comprehensive, systematic conservation planning approach and an alternative emphasis on the habitat of species, rather than on a single locality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Phillips
- Securing Antarctica's Environmental Future, School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rachel I Leihy
- Securing Antarctica's Environmental Future, School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Steven L Chown
- Securing Antarctica's Environmental Future, School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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8
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Houghton M, Terauds A, Shaw J. Rapid range expansion of an invasive flatworm, Kontikia andersoni, on sub-Antarctic Macquarie Island. Biol Invasions 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-022-02877-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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9
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Kozeretska I, Serga S, Kovalenko P, Gorobchyshyn V, Convey P. Belgica antarctica (Diptera: Chironomidae): A natural model organism for extreme environments. INSECT SCIENCE 2022; 29:2-20. [PMID: 33913258 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Belgica antarctica (Diptera: Chironomidae), a brachypterous midge endemic to the maritime Antarctic, was first described in 1900. Over more than a century of study, a vast amount of information has been compiled on the species (3 750 000 Google search results as of January 10, 2021), encompassing its ecology and biology, life cycle and reproduction, polytene chromosomes, physiology, biochemistry and, increasingly, omics. In 2014, B. antarctica's genome was sequenced, further boosting research. Certain developmental stages can be cultured successfully in the laboratory. Taken together, this wealth of information allows the species to be viewed as a natural model organism for studies of adaptation and function in extreme environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iryna Kozeretska
- National Antarctic Scientific Center of Ukraine, 01601, Taras Shevchenko blv., 16, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Svitlana Serga
- National Antarctic Scientific Center of Ukraine, 01601, Taras Shevchenko blv., 16, Kyiv, Ukraine
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Department General and Medical Genetics, 01601, Volodymyrska str., 64/13, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Pavlo Kovalenko
- State Institution «Institute for Evolutionary Ecology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine», Department of Population Dynamics, 03143, Lebedeva str., 37, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Volodymyr Gorobchyshyn
- State Institution «Institute for Evolutionary Ecology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine», Department of Population Dynamics, 03143, Lebedeva str., 37, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Peter Convey
- British Antarctic Survey, NERC, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0ET, United Kingdom
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10
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Pertierra LR, Escribano-Álvarez P, Olalla-Tárraga MÁ. Cold tolerance is similar but heat tolerance is higher in the alien insect Trichocera maculipennis than in the native Parochlus steinenii in Antarctica. Polar Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00300-021-02865-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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11
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Bahrndorff S, Lauritzen JMS, Sørensen MH, Noer NK, Kristensen TN. Responses of terrestrial polar arthropods to high and increasing temperatures. J Exp Biol 2021; 224:238094. [PMID: 34424971 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.230797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Terrestrial arthropods in the Arctic and Antarctic are exposed to extreme and variable temperatures, and climate change is predicted to be especially pronounced in these regions. Available ecophysiological studies on terrestrial ectotherms from the Arctic and Antarctic typically focus on the ability of species to tolerate the extreme low temperatures that can occur in these regions, whereas studies investigating species plasticity and the importance of evolutionary adaptation to periodically high and increasing temperatures are limited. Here, we provide an overview of current knowledge on thermal adaptation to high temperatures of terrestrial arthropods in Arctic and Antarctic regions. Firstly, we summarize the literature on heat tolerance for terrestrial arthropods in these regions, and discuss variation in heat tolerance across species, habitats and polar regions. Secondly, we discuss the potential for species to cope with increasing and more variable temperatures through thermal plasticity and evolutionary adaptation. Thirdly, we summarize our current knowledge of the underlying physiological adjustments to heat stress in arthropods from polar regions. It is clear that very little data are available on the heat tolerance of arthropods in polar regions, but that large variation in arthropod thermal tolerance exists across polar regions, habitats and species. Further, the species investigated show unique physiological adjustments to heat stress, such as their ability to respond quickly to increasing or extreme temperatures. To understand the consequences of climate change on terrestrial arthropods in polar regions, we suggest that more studies on the ability of species to cope with stressful high and variable temperatures are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Bahrndorff
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7H, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Jannik M S Lauritzen
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7H, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Mathias H Sørensen
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7H, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Natasja K Noer
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7H, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Torsten N Kristensen
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7H, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark.,Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark
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12
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McGaughran A, Laver R, Fraser C. Evolutionary Responses to Warming. Trends Ecol Evol 2021; 36:591-600. [PMID: 33726946 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2021.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Climate change is predicted to dramatically alter biological diversity and distributions, driving extirpations, extinctions, and extensive range shifts across the globe. Warming can also, however, lead to phenotypic or behavioural plasticity, as species adapt to new conditions. Recent genomic research indicates that some species are capable of rapid evolution as selection favours adaptive responses to environmental change and altered or novel niche spaces. New advances are providing mechanistic insights into how temperature might accelerate evolution in the Anthropocene. These discoveries highlight intriguing new research directions - such as using geothermal and polar systems combined with powerful genomic tools - that will help us to understand the processes underpinning adaptive evolution and better project how ecosystems will change in a warming world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela McGaughran
- Te Aka Mātuatua - School of Science, University of Waikato, Private Bag 3105, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand.
| | - Rebecca Laver
- Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Ceridwen Fraser
- Department of Marine Science, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
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Gañan M, Contador T, Rendoll J, Simoes F, Carolina Pérez, Graham G, Castillo S, Kennedy J, Convey P. Records of Parochlus steinenii in the Maritime Antarctic and sub-Antarctic regions. Zookeys 2021; 1011:63-71. [PMID: 33551650 PMCID: PMC7835200 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1011.56833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This study provides the summary of the reports of the geographical distribution in the Maritime Antarctic and sub-Antarctic regions of Parochlus steinenii (Gercke, 1889) (Diptera, Chironomidae), the only flying insect occurring naturally in the Antarctic continent. The distribution encompasses the South Shetland Islands (Maritime Antarctic), South Georgia (sub-Antarctic), and parts of the Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve (CHBR, southern Chile). In total 78 occurrence records were identified, 53 from our own records, 19 from the literature, and six from other data present in GBIF. Of the 78 records, 66 are from the South Shetland Islands, eight are from South Georgia, and four from the CHBR. This database was developed as one of the main objectives of two Chilean-funded research projects addressing understanding the effects of climate change on sub-Antarctic and Antarctic insects. It provides dataset documenting the distribution of Parochlus steinenii in the Maritime Antarctic, the sub-Antarctic, and the CHBR in southern South America (Chile). The complete dataset is available in Darwin Core Archive format via the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF).
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Affiliation(s)
- Melisa Gañan
- Wankara Sub-Antarctic and Antarctic Freshwater Ecosystems Laboratory, Sub-Antarctic Biocultural, Conservation Program, Universidad de Magallanes, Puerto Williams, Teniente Muñoz 166, Chile Universidad de Magallanes Puerto Williams Chile.,Núcleo Milenio de Salmónidos Invasores (INVASAL) Iniciativa Científica Milenio, ICM, Núcleo Científico Milenio, Concepción, Chile Universidad de Chile Las Palmeras Chile
| | - Tamara Contador
- Wankara Sub-Antarctic and Antarctic Freshwater Ecosystems Laboratory, Sub-Antarctic Biocultural, Conservation Program, Universidad de Magallanes, Puerto Williams, Teniente Muñoz 166, Chile Universidad de Magallanes Puerto Williams Chile.,Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Las Palmeras 3425, Chile Núcleo Científico Milenio Concepción Chile.,Núcleo Milenio de Salmónidos Invasores (INVASAL) Iniciativa Científica Milenio, ICM, Núcleo Científico Milenio, Concepción, Chile Universidad de Chile Las Palmeras Chile
| | - Javier Rendoll
- Wankara Sub-Antarctic and Antarctic Freshwater Ecosystems Laboratory, Sub-Antarctic Biocultural, Conservation Program, Universidad de Magallanes, Puerto Williams, Teniente Muñoz 166, Chile Universidad de Magallanes Puerto Williams Chile.,Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Las Palmeras 3425, Chile Núcleo Científico Milenio Concepción Chile
| | - Felipe Simoes
- British Antarctic Survey, NERC, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ET, UK British Antarctic Survey, NERC Cambridge United Kingdom.,Department of Zoology, Museum of Zoology, University of Cambridge , Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK University of Cambridge Cambridge United Kingdom
| | - Carolina Pérez
- Wankara Sub-Antarctic and Antarctic Freshwater Ecosystems Laboratory, Sub-Antarctic Biocultural, Conservation Program, Universidad de Magallanes, Puerto Williams, Teniente Muñoz 166, Chile Universidad de Magallanes Puerto Williams Chile.,Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Las Palmeras 3425, Chile Núcleo Científico Milenio Concepción Chile
| | - Gillian Graham
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, 1511W Sycamore, Denton, TX 76201, USA University of North Texas Denton United States of America
| | - Simón Castillo
- Department of Ecology, Pontificia Universidad Católica, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas. Avda. Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins 340, Santiago, Chile Pontificia Universidad Católica Santiago Chile
| | - James Kennedy
- Wankara Sub-Antarctic and Antarctic Freshwater Ecosystems Laboratory, Sub-Antarctic Biocultural, Conservation Program, Universidad de Magallanes, Puerto Williams, Teniente Muñoz 166, Chile Universidad de Magallanes Puerto Williams Chile.,Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Las Palmeras 3425, Chile Núcleo Científico Milenio Concepción Chile.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, 1511W Sycamore, Denton, TX 76201, USA University of North Texas Denton United States of America
| | - Peter Convey
- British Antarctic Survey, NERC, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ET, UK British Antarctic Survey, NERC Cambridge United Kingdom
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