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Jiang SQ, Ye SN, Huang YH, Ou YW, Chen KY, Chen JS, Tang SB. Gut microbiota induced abnormal amino acids and their correlation with diabetic retinopathy. Int J Ophthalmol 2024; 17:883-895. [PMID: 38766339 PMCID: PMC11074191 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2024.05.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM To explore the correlation of gut microbiota and the metabolites with the progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and provide a novel strategy to elucidate the pathological mechanism of DR. METHODS The fecal samples from 32 type 2 diabetes patients with proliferative retinopathy (PDR), 23 with non-proliferative retinopathy (NPDR), 27 without retinopathy (DM), and 29 from the sex-, age- and BMI- matched healthy controls (29 HC) were analyzed by 16S rDNA gene sequencing. Sixty fecal samples from PDR, DM, and HC groups were assayed by untargeted metabolomics. Fecal metabolites were measured using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis. Associations between gut microbiota and fecal metabolites were analyzed. RESULTS A cluster of 2 microbiome and 12 metabolites accompanied with the severity of DR, and the close correlation of the disease progression with PDR-related microbiome and metabolites were found. To be specific, the structure of gut microbiota differed in four groups. Diversity and richness of gut microbiota were significantly lower in PDR and NPDR groups, than those in DM and HC groups. A cluster of microbiome enriched in PDR group, including Pseudomonas, Ruminococcaceae-UCG-002, Ruminococcaceae-UCG-005, Christensenellaceae-R-7, was observed. Functional analysis showed that the glucose and nicotinate degradations were significantly higher in PDR group than those in HC group. Arginine, serine, ornithine, and arachidonic acid were significantly enriched in PDR group, while proline was enriched in HC group. Functional analysis illustrated that arginine biosynthesis, lysine degradation, histidine catabolism, central carbon catabolism in cancer, D-arginine and D-ornithine catabolism were elevated in PDR group. Correlation analysis revealed that Ruminococcaceae-UCG-002 and Christensenellaceae-R-7 were positively associated with L-arginine, ornithine levels in fecal samples. CONCLUSION This study elaborates the different microbiota structure in the gut from four groups. The relative abundance of Ruminococcaceae-UCG-002 and Parabacteroides are associated with the severity of DR. Amino acid and fatty acid catabolism is especially disordered in PDR group. This may help provide a novel diagnostic parameter for DR, especially PDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Qun Jiang
- Aier Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China
- Aier Eye Institute and Changsha Aier Hospital, Changsha 410000, Hunan Province, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu 233000, Anhui Province, China
| | - Su-Na Ye
- Aier Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China
- Aier Eye Institute and Changsha Aier Hospital, Changsha 410000, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yin-Hua Huang
- Aier Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China
- Aier Eye Institute and Changsha Aier Hospital, Changsha 410000, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yi-Wen Ou
- Aier Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China
- Aier Eye Institute and Changsha Aier Hospital, Changsha 410000, Hunan Province, China
| | - Ke-Yang Chen
- Aier Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China
- Aier Eye Institute and Changsha Aier Hospital, Changsha 410000, Hunan Province, China
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230000, Anhui Province, China
| | - Jian-Su Chen
- Aier Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China
- Aier Eye Institute and Changsha Aier Hospital, Changsha 410000, Hunan Province, China
| | - Shi-Bo Tang
- Aier Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China
- Aier Eye Institute and Changsha Aier Hospital, Changsha 410000, Hunan Province, China
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Yu JX, Chen X, Zang SG, Chen X, Wu YY, Wu LP, Xuan SH. Gut microbiota microbial metabolites in diabetic nephropathy patients: far to go. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1359432. [PMID: 38779567 PMCID: PMC11109448 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1359432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the main complications of diabetes and a major cause of end-stage renal disease, which has a severe impact on the quality of life of patients. Strict control of blood sugar and blood pressure, including the use of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors, can delay the progression of diabetic nephropathy but cannot prevent it from eventually developing into end-stage renal disease. In recent years, many studies have shown a close relationship between gut microbiota imbalance and the occurrence and development of DN. This review discusses the latest research findings on the correlation between gut microbiota and microbial metabolites in DN, including the manifestations of the gut microbiota and microbial metabolites in DN patients, the application of the gut microbiota and microbial metabolites in the diagnosis of DN, their role in disease progression, and so on, to elucidate the role of the gut microbiota and microbial metabolites in the occurrence and prevention of DN and provide a theoretical basis and methods for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Li-Pei Wu
- Medical Laboratory Department, Affiliated Dongtai Hospital of Nantong University, Dongtai, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shi-Hai Xuan
- Medical Laboratory Department, Affiliated Dongtai Hospital of Nantong University, Dongtai, Jiangsu, China
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3
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Omar WEW, Singh G, McBain AJ, Cruickshank F, Radhakrishnan H. Gut Microbiota Profiles in Myopes and Nonmyopes. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2024; 65:2. [PMID: 38691091 PMCID: PMC11077909 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.65.5.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose To identify compositional differences in the gut microbiome of nonmyopes (NM) and myopes using 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing and to investigate whether the microbiome may contribute to the onset or progression of the condition. Methods Faecal samples were collected from 52 adult participants, of whom 23 were NM, 8 were progressive myopes (PM), and 21 were stable myopes (SM). The composition of the gut microbiota in each group was analysed using 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing. Results There were no significant differences in alpha and beta diversity between the three groups (NM, PM, and SM). However, the distributions of Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides, Megamonas, Faecalibacterium, Coprococcus, Dorea, Roseburia, and Blautia were significantly higher in the myopes (SM and PM combined) when compared with emmetropes. The myopes exhibited significantly greater abundance of bacteria that are linked to the regulation of dopaminergic signalling, such as Clostridium, Ruminococcus, Bifidobacterium, and Bacteroides. Individuals with stable myopia were found to have a significantly higher proportion of Prevotella copri than those with progressive myopia. Bifidobacterium adolescentis, a gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-producing bacterium, was significantly higher in all myopes than in NM and, in the comparison between SM and PM, it is significantly higher in SM. B. uniformis and B. fragilis, both GABA-producing Bacteroides, were present in relatively high abundance in all myopes and in SM compared with PM, respectively. Conclusions The presence of bacteria related to dopamine effect and GABA-producing bacteria in the gut microbiome of myopes may suggest a role of these microorganisms in the onset and progression of myopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan E. W. Omar
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Centre for Optometry Studies, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Gurdeep Singh
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew J. McBain
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Fiona Cruickshank
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Hema Radhakrishnan
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Pietrzak A, Banasiewicz T. Applicability of sodium butyrate preparations from a surgeon's and gastroenterologist's perspective. POLISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY 2024; 96:68-73. [PMID: 38629276 DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0054.4152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, much has been written about the possibilities of using exogenous sodium butyrate in the prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal diseases, in prehabilitation, in peri- and postoperative treatment, as well as its local application. It became possible thanks to the development of a special formulation (microencapsulation technique) enabling the delivery of unstable butyrate compounds to the large intestine, where it is used primarily as a source of energy. It also plays a key role in maintaining body homeostasis by maintaining the integrity of the intestinal epithelium and stimulating the intestinal immune system. There is growing evidence of the effectiveness of sodium butyrate in various areas of health. The following article discusses the possibilities of using microencapsulated sodium butyrate in the prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal diseases from the perspective of a gastroenterologist and gastrointestinal surgeon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Pietrzak
- 2nd Department of Gastroenterology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland; Department of Gastroenterology, Bielanski Hospital in Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Banasiewicz
- Chair and Department of General Surgery, Endocrine and Gastroenterological Oncology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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Zhao S, Yan Q, Xu W, Zhang J. Gut microbiome in diabetic retinopathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Microb Pathog 2024; 189:106590. [PMID: 38402917 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT Changes in the gut microbiome are linked with Type 2diabetes mellitus (T2DM) development, but alterations in patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR) are still being debated. OBJECTIVE To investigate the differences in biodiversity and relative abundance of gut microbiome between patients with DR and T2DM. METHODS A comprehensive search was performed in five electronic databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, and CNKI) from the inception of each database through to August 2023. The standardized mean difference (SMD) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated using Stata 15.1. Furthermore, the alpha diversity index and relative abundance of the gut microbiome were calculated. The Egger test determined publication bias in the literature. RESULTS Seven case-control studies were included in the final dataset, comprising 195 patients with DR and 211 patients with T2DM. Compared to T2DM patients, patients in the DR group had a reduced but not significantly different α-diversity. The analysis of microbial composition at the phylum level revealed a marked increase in the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes(ES = 23.27, 95%CI[8.30, 38.23], P = 0.000) and a decline in Firmicutes(ES = 47.05, 95%CI[36.58, 57.52], P = 0.000), Proteobacteria (ES = 11.08, 95%CI[6.08, 16.07], P = 0.000) and Actinobacteria (ES = 10.43, 95%CI[1.64, 19.22], P = 0.001) in patients with DR when compared to those with T2DM. CONCLUSIONS An association exists between alterations in the gut microbiome of T2DM and the development and progression of DR. This suggests that re-establishing homeostasis of the gut microbiome could be a potential way to prevent or treat DR and requires further confirmation in future studies. REGISTRATION DATABASE Prospero. REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42023455280.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Zhao
- Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
| | - Qi Yan
- Jiangsu Pei People's Hospital, China.
| | - Wanjing Xu
- Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, China.
| | - Juanmei Zhang
- The Department of Ophthalmology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China.
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Ping Y, Liu J, Wang L, Qiu H, Zhang Y. Research progress on the mechanism of TCM regulating intestinal microbiota in the treatment of DM mellitus. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1308016. [PMID: 38601207 PMCID: PMC11004430 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1308016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, with the improvement of people's living standards, the incidence of DM has increased year by year in China. DM is a common metabolic syndrome characterized by hyperglycemia caused by genetic, environmental and other factors. At the same time, long-term suffering from DM will also have an impact on the heart, blood vessels, eyes, kidneys and nerves, and associated serious diseases. The human body has a large and complex gut microbiota, which has a significant impact on the body's metabolism. Research shows that the occurrence and development of DM and its complications are closely related to intestinal microbiota. At present, western medicine generally treats DM with drugs. The hypoglycemic effect is fast and strong, but it can have a series of side effects on the human body. Compared with western medicine, Chinese medicine has its unique views and methods in treating DM. TCM can improve symptoms and treat complications by improving the imbalance of microbiota in patients with DM. Its characteristics of health, safety, and reliability are widely accepted by the general public. This article reviews the relationship between intestinal microbiota and DM, as well as the mechanism of TCM intervention in DM by regulating intestinal microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Ping
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jianing Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lihong Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hongbin Qiu
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China
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Chen Q, Li XJ, Xie W, Su ZA, Qin GM, Yu CH. Postbiotics: emerging therapeutic approach in diabetic retinopathy. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1359949. [PMID: 38500583 PMCID: PMC10946205 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1359949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a prevalent microvascular complication in diabetic patients that poses a serious risk as it can cause substantial visual impairment and even vision loss. Due to the prolonged onset of DR, lengthy treatment duration, and limited therapeutic effectiveness, it is extremely important to find a new strategy for the treatment of DR. Postbiotic is an emerging dietary supplement which consists of the inactivate microbiota and its metabolites. Numerous animal experiments have demonstrated that intervention with postbiotics reduces hyperglycemia, attenuates retinal peripapillary and endothelial cell damage, improves retinal microcirculatory dysfunction, and consequently delays the progression of DR. More strikingly, unlike conventional probiotics and prebiotics, postbiotics with small molecules can directly colonize the intestinal epithelial cells, and exert heat-resistant, acid-resistant, and durable for storage. Despite few clinical significance, oral administration with postbiotics might become the effective management for the prevention and treatment of DR. In this review, we summarized the basic conception, classification, molecular mechanisms, and the advances in the therapeutic implications of postbiotics in the pathogenesis of DR. Postbiotics present great potential as a viable adjunctive therapy for DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Chen
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xue-Jian Li
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal and Safety Evaluation, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Xie
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal and Safety Evaluation, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhao-An Su
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guang-Ming Qin
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chen-Huan Yu
- Animal Laboratory Center, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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Oganov AC, Seddon I, Zein M, Yazdanpanah G, Fonoudi H, Jabbehdari S. Composition of the gut microbiome, role of diet, lifestyle, and antioxidant therapies in diabetes mellitus and diabetic retinopathy. Eur J Ophthalmol 2024; 34:367-383. [PMID: 37150930 DOI: 10.1177/11206721231174490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiome is a complex ecosystem in the gastrointestinal tract composed of trillions of bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa. Disruption of this delicate ecosystem, formally called "dysbiosis", has been linked to a variety of metabolic and inflammatory pathologies. Several studies have focused on abnormal microbiome composition and correlated these findings with the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and diabetic retinopathy (DR). However, given the complexity of this ecosystem, the current studies are narrow in design and present variable findings. Composition of the gut microbiome in patients with DR significantly differs from patients with diabetes without retinopathy as well as from healthy controls. Additionally, the gut microbiome has been shown to modify effects of medication, diet, exercise, and antioxidant use on the development and progression of DR. In this paper, we present a comprehensive review of literature on the effect of oxidative stress, antioxidant therapies, and dysbiosis on DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony C Oganov
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Ian Seddon
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Mike Zein
- Department of Ophthalmology, Cook County Health, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ghasem Yazdanpanah
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hossein Fonoudi
- Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences, Iranshahr, Iran
| | - Sayena Jabbehdari
- Jones Eye Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
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9
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Yadav M, Chauhan NS. Role of gut-microbiota in disease severity and clinical outcomes. Brief Funct Genomics 2024; 23:24-37. [PMID: 36281758 DOI: 10.1093/bfgp/elac037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
A delicate balance of nutrients, antigens, metabolites and xenobiotics in body fluids, primarily managed by diet and host metabolism, governs human health. Human gut microbiota is a gatekeeper to nutrient bioavailability, pathogens exposure and xenobiotic metabolism. Human gut microbiota starts establishing during birth and evolves into a resilient structure by adolescence. It supplements the host's metabolic machinery and assists in many physiological processes to ensure health. Biotic and abiotic stressors could induce dysbiosis in gut microbiota composition leading to disease manifestations. Despite tremendous scientific advancements, a clear understanding of the involvement of gut microbiota dysbiosis during disease onset and clinical outcomes is still awaited. This would be important for developing an effective and sustainable therapeutic intervention. This review synthesizes the present scientific knowledge to present a comprehensive picture of the role of gut microbiota in the onset and severity of a disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Yadav
- Department of Biochemistry, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Nar Singh Chauhan
- Department of Biochemistry, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India
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10
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Lapaquette P, Terrat S, Proukhnitzky L, Martine L, Grégoire S, Buteau B, Cabaret S, Rieu A, Bermúdez-Humarán LG, Gabrielle PH, Creuzot-Garcher C, Berdeaux O, Acar N, Bringer MA. Long-term intake of Lactobacillus helveticus enhances bioavailability of omega-3 fatty acids in the mouse retina. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2024; 10:4. [PMID: 38238339 PMCID: PMC10796366 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-023-00474-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), particularly docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), are required for the structure and function of the retina. Several observational studies indicate that consumption of a diet with relatively high levels of n-3 PUFAs, such as those provided by fish oils, has a protective effect against the development of age-related macular degeneration. Given the accumulating evidence showing the role of gut microbiota in regulating retinal physiology and host lipid metabolism, we evaluated the potential of long-term dietary supplementation with the Gram-positive bacterium Lactobacillus helveticus strain VEL12193 to modulate the retinal n-3 PUFA content. A set of complementary approaches was used to study the impact of such a supplementation on the gut microbiota and host lipid/fatty acid (FA) metabolism. L. helveticus-supplementation was associated with a decrease in retinal saturated FAs (SFAs) and monounsaturated FAs (MUFAs) as well as an increase in retinal n-3 and omega-6 (n-6) PUFAs. Interestingly, supplementation with L. helveticus enriched the retina in C22:5n-3 (docosapentaenoic acid, DPA), C22:6n-3 (DHA), C18:2n-6 (linoleic acid, LA) and C20:3n-6 (dihomo gamma-linolenic acid, DGLA). Long-term consumption of L. helveticus also modulated gut microbiota composition and some changes in OTUs abundance correlated with the retinal FA content. This study provides a proof of concept that targeting the gut microbiota could be an effective strategy to modulate the retinal FA content, including that of protective n-3 PUFAs, thus opening paths for the design of novel preventive and/or therapeutical strategies for retinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Lapaquette
- Univ. Bourgogne, UMR PAM A 02.102, Institut Agro Dijon, INRAE, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Sébastien Terrat
- Agroécologie, Institut Agro, INRAE, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Lil Proukhnitzky
- Univ. Bourgogne, UMR PAM A 02.102, Institut Agro Dijon, INRAE, F-21000 Dijon, France
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Lucy Martine
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Stéphane Grégoire
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Bénédicte Buteau
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Stéphanie Cabaret
- ChemoSens Platform, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Institut Agro; INRAE, PROBE Research infrastructure, ChemoSens facility, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Aurélie Rieu
- Univ. Bourgogne, UMR PAM A 02.102, Institut Agro Dijon, INRAE, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Luis G Bermúdez-Humarán
- Micalis Institute, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, F-78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Pierre-Henry Gabrielle
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne, F-21000, Dijon, France
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Catherine Creuzot-Garcher
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne, F-21000, Dijon, France
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Olivier Berdeaux
- ChemoSens Platform, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Institut Agro; INRAE, PROBE Research infrastructure, ChemoSens facility, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Niyazi Acar
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Marie-Agnès Bringer
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne, F-21000, Dijon, France.
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Jiang S, Ma W, Ma C, Zhang Z, Zhang W, Zhang J. An emerging strategy: probiotics enhance the effectiveness of tumor immunotherapy via mediating the gut microbiome. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2341717. [PMID: 38717360 PMCID: PMC11085971 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2341717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The occurrence and progression of tumors are often accompanied by disruptions in the gut microbiota. Inversely, the impact of the gut microbiota on the initiation and progression of cancer is becoming increasingly evident, influencing the tumor microenvironment (TME) for both local and distant tumors. Moreover, it is even suggested to play a significant role in the process of tumor immunotherapy, contributing to high specificity in therapeutic outcomes and long-term effectiveness across various cancer types. Probiotics, with their generally positive influence on the gut microbiota, may serve as effective agents in synergizing cancer immunotherapy. They play a crucial role in activating the immune system to inhibit tumor growth. In summary, this comprehensive review aims to provide valuable insights into the dynamic interactions between probiotics, gut microbiota, and cancer. Furthermore, we highlight recent advances and mechanisms in using probiotics to improve the effectiveness of cancer immunotherapy. By understanding these complex relationships, we may unlock innovative approaches for cancer diagnosis and treatment while optimizing the effects of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaiming Jiang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, PR China
| | - Wenyao Ma
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, PR China
| | - Chenchen Ma
- Department of Human Cell Biology and Genetics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Zeng Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, PR China
| | - Wanli Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, PR China
| | - Jiachao Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, PR China
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12
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Zhang JY, Xiao J, Xie B, Barba H, Boachie-Mensah M, Shah RN, Nadeem U, Spedale M, Dylla N, Lin H, Sidebottom AM, D'Souza M, Theriault B, Sulakhe D, Chang EB, Skondra D. Oral Metformin Inhibits Choroidal Neovascularization by Modulating the Gut-Retina Axis. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2023; 64:21. [PMID: 38108689 PMCID: PMC10732090 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.64.15.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Emerging data indicate that metformin may prevent the development of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Whereas the underlying mechanisms of metformin's anti-aging properties remain undetermined, one proposed avenue is the gut microbiome. Using the laser-induced choroidal neovascularization (CNV) model, we investigate the effects of oral metformin on CNV, retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)/choroid transcriptome, and gut microbiota. Methods Specific pathogen free (SPF) male mice were treated via daily oral gavage of metformin 300 mg/kg or vehicle. Male mice were selected to minimize sex-specific differences to laser induction and response to metformin. Laser-induced CNV size and macrophage/microglial infiltration were assessed by isolectin and Iba1 immunostaining. High-throughput RNA-seq of the RPE/choroid was performed using Illumina. Fecal pellets were analyzed for gut microbiota composition/pathways with 16S rRNA sequencing/shotgun metagenomics, as well as microbial-derived metabolites, including small-chain fatty acids and bile acids. Investigation was repeated in metformin-treated germ-free (GF) mice and antibiotic-treated/GF mice receiving fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from metformin-treated SPF mice. Results Metformin treatment reduced CNV size (P < 0.01) and decreased Iba1+ macrophage/microglial infiltration (P < 0.005). One hundred forty-five differentially expressed genes were identified in the metformin-treated group (P < 0.05) with a downregulation in pro-angiogenic genes Tie1, Pgf, and Gata2. Furthermore, metformin altered the gut microbiome in favor of Bifidobacterium and Akkermansia, with a significant increase in fecal levels of butyrate, succinate, and cholic acid. Metformin did not suppress CNV in GF mice but colonization of microbiome-depleted mice with metformin-derived FMT suppressed CNV. Conclusions These data suggest that oral metformin suppresses CNV, the hallmark lesion of advanced neovascular AMD, via gut microbiome modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Y. Zhang
- Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Jason Xiao
- Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Bingqing Xie
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Hugo Barba
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | | | - Rohan N. Shah
- Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Urooba Nadeem
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Melanie Spedale
- Animal Resources Center, University of Chicago, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Nicholas Dylla
- Duchossois Family Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Huaiying Lin
- Duchossois Family Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Ashley M. Sidebottom
- Duchossois Family Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Mark D'Souza
- Duchossois Family Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Betty Theriault
- Animal Resources Center, University of Chicago, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
- Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Dinanath Sulakhe
- Duchossois Family Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Eugene B. Chang
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
- Duchossois Family Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Dimitra Skondra
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
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13
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Mousavinasab F, Karimi R, Taheri S, Ahmadvand F, Sanaaee S, Najafi S, Halvaii MS, Haghgoo A, Zamany M, Majidpoor J, Khosravifar M, Baniasadi M, Talebi M, Movafagh A, Aghaei-Zarch SM, Khorram N, Farnia P, Kalhor K. Microbiome modulation in inflammatory diseases: Progress to microbiome genetic engineering. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:271. [PMID: 37951913 PMCID: PMC10640760 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-03095-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent developments in sequencing technology and analytical approaches have allowed researchers to show that the healthy gut microbiome is very varied and capable of performing a wide range of tasks. The importance of gut microbiota in controlling immunological, neurological, and endocrine function is becoming well-recognized. Thereby, numerous inflammatory diseases, including those that impact the gastrointestinal system, as well as less obvious ones, including Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), cancer, gestational diabetes (GD), type 1 diabetes (T1D), and type 2 diabetes (T2D), have been linked to dysbiotic gut microbiota. Microbiome engineering is a rapidly evolving frontier for solutions to improve human health. Microbiome engineering seeks to improve the function of an ecosystem by manipulating the composition of microbes. Thereby, generating potential therapies against metabolic, inflammatory, and immunological diseases will be possible through microbiome engineering. This essay first provides an overview of the traditional technological instruments that might be used for microbiome engineering, such as Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT), prebiotics, and probiotics. Moreover, we will also discuss experimental genetic methods such as Metagenomic Alteration of Gut microbiome by In situ Conjugation (MAGIC), Bacteriophage, and Conjugative plasmids in manipulating intestinal microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ronika Karimi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sima Taheri
- Department of Microbiology, Shahr Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Saameh Sanaaee
- Department of New Science, Faculty of Cellular and Molecular biology, Tehran Medical Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sajad Najafi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Alireza Haghgoo
- Department of Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marzieh Zamany
- Shahid Akbarabadi Clinical Research Development Unit, Iran University of medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jamal Majidpoor
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Infectious Disease Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Mina Khosravifar
- Institute of Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Mohammad Baniasadi
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Talebi
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Movafagh
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Seyed Mohsen Aghaei-Zarch
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Nastaran Khorram
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Poopak Farnia
- Mycobacteriology Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Kambiz Kalhor
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA
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14
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Rohwer N, El Hage R, Smyl C, Ocvirk S, Goris T, Grune T, Swidsinski A, Weylandt KH. Ketogenic Diet Has Moderate Effects on the Fecal Microbiota of Wild-Type Mice. Nutrients 2023; 15:4629. [PMID: 37960282 PMCID: PMC10648986 DOI: 10.3390/nu15214629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The ketogenic diet (KD) is a high-fat, low-carbohydrate diet that has been reported to have neuroprotective effects. The health effects of KD might be linked to an altered gut microbiome, which plays a major role in host health, leading to neuroprotective effects via the gut-brain axis. However, results from different studies, most often based on the 16S rRNA gene and metagenome sequencing, have been inconsistent. In this study, we assessed the effect of a 4-week KD compared to a western diet (WD) on the colonic microbiome of female C57Bl/6J mice by analyzing fecal samples using fluorescence in situ hybridization. Our results showed distinct changes in the total number of gut bacteria following the 4-week KD, in addition to changes in the composition of the microbiome. KD-fed mice showed higher absolute numbers of Actinobacteria (especially Bifidobacteria spp.) and lower absolute levels of Proteobacteria, often linked to gut inflammation, in comparison with WD-fed mice. Furthermore, an increased abundance of the typically rare genus Atopobium was observed. These changes may indicate the possible anti-inflammatory effects of the KD. However, since the overall changes in the microbiota seem low, the KD effects might be linked to the differential abundance of only a few key genera in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Rohwer
- Medical Department B, Division of Hepatology, Gastroenterology, Oncology, Hematology, Endocrinology and Diabetes, Brandenburg Medical School, University Hospital Ruppin-Brandenburg, 16816 Neuruppin, Germany;
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Joint Faculty of the Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Brandenburg Medical School and University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Racha El Hage
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Ruppin-Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School, 16816 Neuruppin, Germany;
| | - Christopher Smyl
- Medical Department, Division of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Soeren Ocvirk
- Intestinal Microbiology Research Group, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
- ZIEL—Institute for Food and Health, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Tobias Goris
- Intestinal Microbiology Research Group, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Tilman Grune
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Alexander Swidsinski
- Medical Department, Division of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Campus Mitte, Charité Universitätsmedizin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Department of General Hygiene, Institute of Public Health, M Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Karsten-H. Weylandt
- Medical Department B, Division of Hepatology, Gastroenterology, Oncology, Hematology, Endocrinology and Diabetes, Brandenburg Medical School, University Hospital Ruppin-Brandenburg, 16816 Neuruppin, Germany;
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Joint Faculty of the Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Brandenburg Medical School and University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
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15
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Wani K, Rahman S, Draz H. Editorial: Dysbiosis, obesity, and inflammation: interrelated phenomena causes or effects of metabolic syndrome? Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1265314. [PMID: 37916148 PMCID: PMC10616948 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1265314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kaiser Wani
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- University Institute of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India
| | - Shakilur Rahman
- Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Hossam Draz
- Charles River Laboratories, Senneville, QC, Canada
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16
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Lu Y, Wang W, Liu J, Xie M, Liu Q, Li S. Vascular complications of diabetes: A narrative review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e35285. [PMID: 37800828 PMCID: PMC10553000 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000035285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a complex chronic metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia and various complications. According to the different pathophysiological mechanisms, these complications can be classified as microvascular or macrovascular complications, which have long-term negative effects on vital organs such as the eyes, kidneys, heart, and brain, and lead to increased patient mortality. Diabetes mellitus is a major global health issue, and its incidence and prevalence have increased significantly in recent years. Moreover, the incidence is expected to continue to rise as more people adopt a Western lifestyle and diet. Thus, it is essential to understand the epidemiology, pathogenesis, risk factors, and treatment of vascular complications to aid patients in managing the disease effectively. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the literature to clarify the above content. Furthermore, this paper also delves into the correlation between novel risk factors, such as long noncoding RNAs, gut microbiota, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, with diabetic vascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxia Lu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Chengdu Seventh People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Chengdu Seventh People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingyu Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Chengdu Seventh People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Min Xie
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chengdu Seventh People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Chengdu Seventh People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Sufang Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Chengdu Seventh People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
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17
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Vaughn SN, Atkinson CL, Johnson PD, Jackson CR. Characterizing the Gut Microbial Communities of Native and Invasive Freshwater Bivalves after Long-Term Sample Preservation. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2489. [PMID: 37894147 PMCID: PMC10609060 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11102489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Freshwater mussels are important indicators of the overall health of their environment but have suffered declines that have been attributed to factors such as habitat degradation, a loss of fish hosts, climate change, and excessive nutrient inputs. The loss of mussel biodiversity can negatively impact freshwater ecosystems such that understanding the mussel's gut microbiome has been identified as a priority topic for developing conservation strategies. In this study, we determine whether ethanol-stored specimens of freshwater mussels can yield representative information about their gut microbiomes such that changes in the microbiome through time could potentially be determined from museum mussel collections. A short-term preservation experiment using the invasive clam Corbicula fluminea was used to validate the use of ethanol as a method for storing the bivalve microbiome, and the gut microbiomes of nine native mussel species that had been preserved in ethanol for between 2 and 9 years were assessed. We show that ethanol preservation is a valid storage method for bivalve specimens in terms of maintaining an effective sequencing depth and the richness of their gut bacterial assemblages and provide further insight into the gut microbiomes of the invasive clam C. fluminea and nine species of native mussels. From this, we identify a "core" genus of bacteria (Romboutsia) that is potentially common to all freshwater bivalve species studied. These findings support the potential use of ethanol-preserved museum specimens to examine patterns in the gut microbiomes of freshwater mussels over long periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie N. Vaughn
- Department of Biology, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA;
| | - Carla L. Atkinson
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA;
| | - Paul D. Johnson
- Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources, Alabama Aquatic Biodiversity Center, Marion, AL 36756, USA;
| | - Colin R. Jackson
- Department of Biology, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA;
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18
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Zhou L, Ho BM, Chan HYE, Tong Y, Du L, He JN, Ng DSC, Tham CC, Pang CP, Chu WK. Emerging Roles of cGAS-STING Signaling in Mediating Ocular Inflammation. J Innate Immun 2023; 15:739-750. [PMID: 37778330 PMCID: PMC10616671 DOI: 10.1159/000533897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS), a sensor of cytosolic DNA, recognizes cytoplasmic nucleic acids to activate the innate immune responses via generation of the second messenger cGAMP and subsequent activation of the stimulator of interferon genes (STINGs). The cGAS-STING signaling has multiple immunologic and physiological functions in all human vital organs. It mediates protective innate immune defense against DNA-containing pathogen infection, confers intrinsic antitumor immunity via detecting tumor-derived DNA, and gives rise to autoimmune and inflammatory diseases upon aberrant activation by cytosolic leakage of self-genomic and mitochondrial DNA. Disruptions in these functions are associated with the pathophysiology of various immunologic and neurodegenerative diseases. Recent evidence indicates important roles of the cGAS-STING signaling in mediating inflammatory responses in ocular inflammatory and inflammation-associated diseases, such as keratitis, diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, and uveitis. In this review, we summarize the recently emerging evidence of cGAS-STING signaling in mediating ocular inflammatory responses and affecting pathogenesis of these complex eye diseases. We attempt to provide insightful perspectives on future directions of investigating cGAS-STING signaling in ocular inflammation. Understanding how cGAS-STING signaling is modulated to mediate ocular inflammatory responses would allow future development of novel therapeutic strategies to treat ocular inflammation and autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linbin Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Bo Man Ho
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Hoi Ying Emily Chan
- Medicine Programme Global Physician-Leadership Stream, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Yan Tong
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Lin Du
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Jing Na He
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Danny Siu-Chun Ng
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Clement C. Tham
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Chi Pui Pang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Wai Kit Chu
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center, Shantou University and the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou, China
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19
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Russell MW, Muste JC, Kuo BL, Wu AK, Singh RP. Clinical trials targeting the gut-microbiome to effect ocular health: a systematic review. Eye (Lond) 2023; 37:2877-2885. [PMID: 36918627 PMCID: PMC10516887 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-023-02462-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinical trials targeting the gut microbiome to mitigate ocular disease are now on the horizon. A review of clinical data thus far is essential to determine future directions in this novel promising field. This review examines recent clinical trials that support the plausibility of a gut-eye axis, and may form the basis of novel clinical interventions. PubMed was queried for English language clinical studies examining the relationships between gut microbiota and ocular pathology. 25 studies were extracted from 828 candidate publications, which suggest that gut imbalance is associated with ocular pathology. Of these, only four interventional studies exist which suggest probiotic supplementation or fecal microbiota transplant can reduce symptoms of chalazion or uveitis. The gut-eye axis appears to hold clinical relevance, but current data is limited in sample size and design. Further investigation via longitudinal clinical trials may be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew W Russell
- Center for Ophthalmic Bioinformatics, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Justin C Muste
- Center for Ophthalmic Bioinformatics, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Blanche L Kuo
- Center for Ophthalmic Bioinformatics, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Anna K Wu
- Center for Ophthalmic Bioinformatics, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Rishi P Singh
- Center for Ophthalmic Bioinformatics, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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20
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He Y, Zhang M, Dai C, Yu L. Comparison of the Gut Microbial Communities of Domestic and Wild Mallards ( Anas platyrhynchos) Based on High-Throughput Sequencing Technology. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2956. [PMID: 37760356 PMCID: PMC10525502 DOI: 10.3390/ani13182956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) are currently one of the most popular species in rare bird breeding in several southern provinces of China, but there have been no studies comparing the gut microbial communities of domestic and wild mallards. In this study, 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing technology was used to compare the composition and diversity of gut microbial communities in domestic and wild mallards. Alpha diversity analysis showed significant differences in gut microbial communities between the two groups of mallards, and the diversity and richness of gut microbial communities were significantly higher in wild mallards than in domestic mallards. Beta diversity analysis showed that the two groups of stool samples were mostly separated on the principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) plot. In domestic mallards, Firmicutes (68.0% ± 26.5%) was the most abundant bacterial phylum, followed by Proteobacteria (24.5% ± 22.9%), Bacteroidetes (3.1% ± 3.2%), Fusobacteria (2.2% ± 5.9%), and Actinobacteria (1.1% ± 1.8%). The dominant bacterial phyla in wild mallards were Firmicutes (79.0% ± 10.2%), Proteobacteria (12.9% ± 9.5%), Fusobacteria (3.4% ± 2.5%), and Bacteroidetes (2.8% ± 2.4%). At the genus level, a total of 10 dominant genera (Streptococcus, Enterococcus, Clostridium, Lactobacillus, Soilbacillus, Bacillus, Acinetobacter, Comamonas, Shigella, and Cetobacterium) with an average relative abundance greater than 1% were detected in the fecal samples of both groups. The average relative abundance of five potential pathogenic genera (Streptococcus, Enterococcus, Acinetobacter, Comamonas, and Shigella) was higher in domestic mallards than in wild mallards. The enrichment of pathogenic bacteria in the intestinal tract of domestic mallards should be of sufficient concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoyin He
- Animal Science and Technology College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (Y.H.); (M.Z.)
| | - Minghui Zhang
- Animal Science and Technology College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (Y.H.); (M.Z.)
| | - Chuanyin Dai
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guilin 541006, China;
| | - Lijiang Yu
- Animal Science and Technology College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (Y.H.); (M.Z.)
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21
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Wang R, Wang QY, Bai Y, Bi YG, Cai SJ. Research progress of diabetic retinopathy and gut microecology. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1256878. [PMID: 37744925 PMCID: PMC10513461 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1256878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
According to the prediction of the International Diabetes Federation, global diabetes mellitus (DM) patients will reach 783.2 million in 2045. The increasing incidence of DM has led to a global epidemic of diabetic retinopathy (DR). DR is a common microvascular complication of DM, which has a significant impact on the vision of working-age people and is one of the main causes of blindness worldwide. Substantial research has highlighted that microangiopathy and chronic low-grade inflammation are widespread in the retina of DR. Meanwhile, with the introduction of the gut-retina axis, it has also been found that DR is associated with gut microecological disorders. The disordered structure of the GM and the destruction of the gut barrier result in the release of abnormal GM flora metabolites into the blood circulation. In addition, this process induced alterations in the expression of various cytokines and proteins, which further modulate the inflammatory microenvironment, vascular damage, oxidative stress, and immune levels within the retina. Such alterations led to the development of DR. In this review, we discuss the corresponding alterations in the structure of the GM flora and its metabolites in DR, with a more detailed focus on the mechanism of gut microecology in DR. Finally, we summarize the potential therapeutic approaches of DM/DR, mainly regulating the disturbed gut microecology to restore the homeostatic level, to provide a new perspective on the prevention, monitoring, and treatment of DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Special Key Laboratory of Ocular Diseases of Guizhou Province, Zunyi, China
| | - Qiu-Yuan Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Special Key Laboratory of Ocular Diseases of Guizhou Province, Zunyi, China
| | - Yang Bai
- Special Key Laboratory of Ocular Diseases of Guizhou Province, Zunyi, China
| | - Ye-Ge Bi
- Special Key Laboratory of Ocular Diseases of Guizhou Province, Zunyi, China
| | - Shan-Jun Cai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Special Key Laboratory of Ocular Diseases of Guizhou Province, Zunyi, China
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22
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Campagnoli LIM, Varesi A, Barbieri A, Marchesi N, Pascale A. Targeting the Gut-Eye Axis: An Emerging Strategy to Face Ocular Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13338. [PMID: 37686143 PMCID: PMC10488056 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The human microbiota refers to a large variety of microorganisms (bacteria, viruses, and fungi) that live in different human body sites, including the gut, oral cavity, skin, and eyes. In particular, the presence of an ocular surface microbiota with a crucial role in maintaining ocular surface homeostasis by preventing colonization from pathogen species has been recently demonstrated. Moreover, recent studies underline a potential association between gut microbiota (GM) and ocular health. In this respect, some evidence supports the existence of a gut-eye axis involved in the pathogenesis of several ocular diseases, including age-related macular degeneration, uveitis, diabetic retinopathy, dry eye, and glaucoma. Therefore, understanding the link between the GM and these ocular disorders might be useful for the development of new therapeutic approaches, such as probiotics, prebiotics, symbiotics, or faecal microbiota transplantation through which the GM could be modulated, thus allowing better management of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Angelica Varesi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Annalisa Barbieri
- Department of Drug Sciences, Unit of Pharmacology, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (A.B.); (N.M.)
| | - Nicoletta Marchesi
- Department of Drug Sciences, Unit of Pharmacology, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (A.B.); (N.M.)
| | - Alessia Pascale
- Department of Drug Sciences, Unit of Pharmacology, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (A.B.); (N.M.)
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Wei M, Feng D, Zhang Y, Zuo Y, Li J, Wang L, Hu P. Effect and Correlation of Rosa roxburghii Tratt Juice Fermented by Lactobacillus paracasei SR10-1 on Oxidative Stress and Gut Microflora Dysbiosis in Streptozotocin (STZ)-Induced Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Mice. Foods 2023; 12:3233. [PMID: 37685166 PMCID: PMC10486608 DOI: 10.3390/foods12173233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Rosa roxburghii Tratt (RRT) is a kind of excellent fruit, with many healthy functions. RRT fruit dietary interventions have demonstrated a remarkable potential to prevent type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In the present study, the effects of Lactobacillus paracasei SR10-1 fermented RRT juice (FRRT) on the oxidative stress, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and gut microbiota in T2DM mice induced by high-sugar and high-fat diets and streptozotocin (STZ) were investigated using GC-MS and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The results showed that medium-dose FRRT intervention resulted in significantly decreased levels of TG, TC, LDL-C, BUN, creatinine, and MDA (p < 0.05) and significantly increased levels of HDL-C, GSH-PX, CAT, and SOD of T2DM mice (p < 0.05). The levels of acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, and isovaleric acid were significantly increased, by 142.28%, 428.59%, 1968.66%, and 81.04% (p < 0.05), respectively. The relative abundance of Firmicutes, Lachnospiraceae, Verrucomicrobiaceae, Akkermansia, and Allobaculum was significantly increased (p < 0.05), and the relative abundance of Proteobacteria, Enterobacteriaceae, Veillonellaceae, Phascolarctobacterium, and Klebsiella was significantly decreased (p < 0.05). Correlation analysis showed that Phascolarctobacterium was significantly negatively correlated with weight (p < 0.05), SOD (p < 0.01), CAT (p < 0.05), and T-AOC (p < 0.05). Akkermansia was significantly negatively correlated with weight (p < 0.05). Conclusively, medium-dose FRRT potentially improved T2DM by reversing dyslipidemia, decreasing oxidative stress, increasing SCFAs, and regulating gut microbiota composition. The medium-dose FRRT may serve as a novel T2DM dietary strategy to prevent T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ping Hu
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (M.W.); (D.F.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (J.L.); (L.W.)
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24
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Liu Y, Zhang YZ, Imoto S. Microbial Gene Ontology informed deep neural network for microbe functionality discovery in human diseases. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0290307. [PMID: 37603579 PMCID: PMC10441785 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The human microbiome plays a crucial role in human health and is associated with a number of human diseases. Determining microbiome functional roles in human diseases remains a biological challenge due to the high dimensionality of metagenome gene features. However, existing models were limited in providing biological interpretability, where the functional role of microbes in human diseases is unexplored. Here we propose to utilize a neural network-based model incorporating Gene Ontology (GO) relationship network to discover the microbe functionality in human diseases. We use four benchmark datasets, including diabetes, liver cirrhosis, inflammatory bowel disease, and colorectal cancer, to explore the microbe functionality in the human diseases. Our model discovered and visualized the novel candidates' important microbiome genes and their functions by calculating the important score of each gene and GO term in the network. Furthermore, we demonstrate that our model achieves a competitive performance in predicting the disease by comparison with other non-Gene Ontology informed models. The discovered candidates' important microbiome genes and their functions provide novel insights into microbe functional contribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjie Liu
- Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yao-zhong Zhang
- Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiya Imoto
- Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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25
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Fu X, Tan H, Huang L, Chen W, Ren X, Chen D. Gut microbiota and eye diseases: a bibliometric study and visualization analysis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1225859. [PMID: 37621873 PMCID: PMC10445766 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1225859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Recently the role of gut microbial dysbiosis in many ocular disorders, including but not limited to uveitis, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic retinopathy (DR), dry eye, keratitis and orbitopathy is a hot research topic in the field. Targeting gut microbiota to treat these diseases has become an unstoppable trend. Bibliometric study and visualization analysis have become essential methods for literature analysis in the medical research field. We aim to depict this area's research hotspots and future directions by bibliometric software and methods. Methods We search all the related publications from the Web of Science Core Collection. Then, CiteSpace was applied to analyze and visualize the country distributions, dual-map overlay of journals, keyword bursts, and co-cited references. VOSviewer was employed to identify authors, co-cited authors, journals and co-cited journals and display the keyword co-occurrence networks. Results A total of 284 relevant publications were identified from 2009 to 2023. The number of studies has been small in the first five years and has grown steadily since 2016. These studies were completed by 1,376 authors from 41 countries worldwide, with the United States in the lead. Lin P has published the most papers while Horai R is the most co-cited author. The top journal and co-cited journal are both Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science. In the keyword co-occurrence network, except gut microbiota, inflammation becomes the keyword with the highest frequency. Co-citation analyses reveal that gut dysbiosis is involved in common immune- and inflammation-mediated eye diseases, including uveitis, diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, dry eye, and Graves' orbitopathy, and the study of microbiomes is no longer limited to the bacterial populations. Therapeutic strategies that target the gut microbiota, such as probiotics, healthy diet patterns, and fecal microbial transplantation, are effective and critical to future research. Conclusions In conclusion, the bibliometric analysis displays the research hotspots and developmental directions of the involvement of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis and treatment of some ocular diseases. It provides an overview of this field's dynamic evolution and structural relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Fu
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Research Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Haishan Tan
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Research Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Research Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenyue Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Research Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiang Ren
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Research Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Danian Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Research Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Zhang H, Mo Y. The gut-retina axis: a new perspective in the prevention and treatment of diabetic retinopathy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1205846. [PMID: 37469982 PMCID: PMC10352852 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1205846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a microvascular lesion that occurs as a complication of diabetes mellitus. Many studies reveal that retinal neurodegeneration occurs early in its pathogenesis, and abnormal retinal function can occur in patients without any signs of microvascular abnormalities. The gut microbiota is a large, diverse colony of microorganisms that colonize the human intestine. Studies indicated that the gut microbiota is involved in the pathophysiological processes of DR and plays an important role in its development. On the one hand, numerous studies demonstrated the involvement of gut microbiota in retinal neurodegeneration. On the other hand, alterations in gut bacteria in RD patients can cause or exacerbate DR. The present review aims to underline the critical relationship between gut microbiota and DR. After a brief overview of the composition, function, and essential role of the gut microbiota in ocular health, and the review explores the concept of the gut-retina axis and the conditions of the gut-retina axis crosstalk. Because gut dysbiosis has been associated with DR, the review intends to determine changes in the gut microbiome in DR, the hypothesized mechanisms linking to the gut-retina axis, and its predictive potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Zhang
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan, China
| | - Ya Mo
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan, China
- Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan, China
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Gu XM, Lu CY, Pan J, Ye JZ, Zhu QH. Alteration of intestinal microbiota is associated with diabetic retinopathy and its severity: Samples collected from southeast coast Chinese. World J Diabetes 2023; 14:862-882. [PMID: 37383585 PMCID: PMC10294055 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v14.i6.862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current approaches for the therapy of diabetic retinopathy (DR), which was one of leading causes of visual impairment, have their limitations. Animal experiments revealed that restructuring of intestinal microbiota can prevent retinopathy.
AIM To explore the relationship between intestinal microbiota and DR among patients in the southeast coast of China, and provide clues for novel ways to prevention and treatment methods of DR.
METHODS The fecal samples of non-diabetics (Group C, n = 15) and diabetics (Group DM, n = 30), including 15 samples with DR (Group DR) and 15 samples without DR (Group D), were analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing. Intestinal microbiota compositions were compared between Group C and Group DM, Group DR and Group D, as well as patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) (Group PDR, n = 8) and patients without PDR (Group NPDR, n = 7). Spearman correlation analyses were performed to explore the associations between intestinal microbiota and clinical indicators.
RESULTS The alpha and beta diversity did not differ significantly between Group DR and Group D as well as Group PDR and Group NPDR. At the family level, Fusobacteriaceae, Desulfovibrionaceae and Pseudomonadaceae were significantly increased in Group DR than in Group D (P < 0.05, respectively). At the genera level, Fusobacterium, Pseudomonas, and Adlercreutzia were increased in Group DR than Group D while Senegalimassilia was decreased (P < 0.05, respectively). Pseudomonas was negatively correlated with NK cell count (r = -0.39, P = 0.03). Further, the abundance of genera Eubacterium (P < 0.01), Peptococcus, Desulfovibrio, Acetanaerobacterium and Negativibacillus (P < 0.05, respectively) were higher in Group PDR compared to Group NPDR, while Pseudomonas, Alloprevotella and Tyzzerella (P < 0.05, respectively) were lower. Acetanaerobacterium and Desulfovibrio were positively correlated with fasting insulin (r = 0.53 and 0.61, respectively, P < 0.05), when Negativibacillus was negatively correlated with B cell count (r = -0.67, P < 0.01).
CONCLUSION Our findings indicated that the alteration of gut microbiota was associated with DR and its severity among patients in the southeast coast of China, probably by multiple mechanisms such as producing short-chain fatty acids, influencing permeability of blood vessels, affecting levels of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, hypoxia-inducible factor-1, B cell and insulin. Modulating gut microbiota composition might be a novel strategy for prevention of DR, particularly PDR in population above.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Mei Gu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chao-Yin Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jian Pan
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jian-Zhong Ye
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qi-Han Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
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28
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Cai Y, Kang Y. Gut microbiota and metabolites in diabetic retinopathy: Insights into pathogenesis for novel therapeutic strategies. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 164:114994. [PMID: 37301133 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most common and detrimental microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus. It has become one of the top causes of blindness and visual impairment in the working-age population. However, prevention and treatment options for DR are limited, invasive, and expensive, and most are focused on advanced-stage disease. The gut microbiota is an intricate system that alters the body's microenvironment, and its dysbiosis is strongly associated with DR. Recently, more and more investigations into the relationship between microbiota and DR have enhanced our understanding of how the gut microbiota influences the occurrence, development, prevention, and treatment of DR. In this review, we summarize the changes in the gut microbiota of animals and patients with DR and the function of metabolites and anti-diabetes drugs. Furthermore, we discuss the potential use of gut microbiota as an early diagnostic marker and targeting for DR in the healthy people and diabetic patients. Finally, the microbiota-gut-retina axis is presented to help us understand the mechanisms underlying the effect of gut microbiota on triggering or promoting DR, with a focus on the key pathways (e.g., bacterial dysbiosis and gut barrier dysfunction) that promote inflammation, insulin resistance, retinal cell and acellular capillary damage, leading to DR. Based on these data, we can hope to achieve a non-invasive, inexpensive treatment for DR by modulating the gut microbiota, either by supplementation with probiotics or by fecal transplantation. We outline the gut microbiota-targeting treatments in detail that could prevent DR progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Cai
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China; School of Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China; Department of Infectious Disease and Hepatic Disease, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yongbo Kang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.
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Fardi F, Bahari Khasraghi L, Shahbakhti N, Salami Naseriyan A, Najafi S, Sanaaee S, Alipourfard I, Zamany M, Karamipour S, Jahani M, Majidpoor J, Kalhor K, Talebi M, Mohsen Aghaei-Zarch S. An interplay between non-coding RNAs and gut microbiota in human health. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2023:110739. [PMID: 37270071 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2023.110739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Humans have a complicated symbiotic relationship with their gut microbiome, which is postulated to impact host health and disease broadly. Epigenetic alterations allow host cells to regulate gene expression without altering the DNA sequence. The gut microbiome, offering environmental hints, can influence responses to stimuli by host cells with modifications on their epigenome and gene expression. Recent increasing data suggest that regulatory non-coding RNAs (miRNAs, circular RNAs, and long lncRNA) may affect host-microbe interactions. These RNAs have been suggested as potential host response biomarkers in microbiome-associated disorders, including diabetes and cancer. This article reviews the current understanding of the interplay between gut microbiota and non-coding RNA, including lncRNA, miRNA, and circular RNA. This can lead to a profound understanding of human disease and influence therapy. Furthermore, microbiome engineering as a mainstream strategy for improving human health has been discussed and confirms the hypothesis about a direct cross-talk between microbiome composition and non-coding RNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Fardi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Kish international, Kish, Iran
| | - Leila Bahari Khasraghi
- 15 Khordad Educational Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Negin Shahbakhti
- Department of biology, Faculty of Zoology, University of Razi, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Amir Salami Naseriyan
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Islamic Azad University, Varamin-Pishva Branch, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sajad Najafi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saameh Sanaaee
- Department of New Science, Faculty of Cellular and Molecular biology, Islamic Azad University, Tehran Medical Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Iraj Alipourfard
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Marzieh Zamany
- Shahid Akbarabadi Clinical Research Development Unit, Iran University of medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saman Karamipour
- Department of Genetics and Molecular biology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Jahani
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jamal Majidpoor
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Infectious Disease Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Kambiz Kalhor
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA.
| | - Mehrdad Talebi
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohsen Aghaei-Zarch
- Department of Genetics and Molecular biology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical science, Tehran, Iran.
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Serban D, Dascalu AM, Arsene AL, Tribus LC, Vancea G, Pantea Stoian A, Costea DO, Tudosie MS, Stana D, Cristea BM, Nicolae VA, Tudor C, Costea AC, Comandasu M, Faur M, Tanasescu C. Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis in Diabetic Retinopathy-Current Knowledge and Future Therapeutic Targets. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13040968. [PMID: 37109497 PMCID: PMC10144923 DOI: 10.3390/life13040968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy is one of the major causes of blindness today, despite important achievements in diagnosis and therapy. The involvement of a gut-retina axis is thought to be a possible risk factor for several chronic eye disease, such as glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, uveitis, and, recently, diabetic retinopathy. Dysbiosis may cause endothelial disfunction and alter retinal metabolism. This review analyzes the evidence regarding changes in gut microbiota in patients with DR compared with diabetics and healthy controls (HCs). A systematic review was performed on PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for the following terms: "gut microbiota" OR "gut microbiome" AND "diabetic retinopathy". Ultimately, 9 articles published between 2020 and 2022 presenting comparative data on a total of 228 T2DM patients with DR, 220 patients with T2DM, and 118 HCs were analyzed. All of the studies found a distinctive microbial beta diversity in DR vs. T2DM and HC, characterized by an altered Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, a decrease in butyrate producers, and an increase in LPS-expressing and pro-inflammatory species in the Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria phyla. The probiotic species Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus were decreased when compared with T2DM. Gut microbiota influence retinal health in multiple ways and may represent a future therapeutic target in DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragos Serban
- Faculty of Medicine, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Fourth Surgery Department, Emergency University Hospital Bucharest, 050098 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ana Maria Dascalu
- Faculty of Medicine, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Ophthalmology Department, Emergency University Hospital Bucharest, 050098 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Andreea Letitia Arsene
- Faculty of Pharmacy, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Laura Carina Tribus
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ilfov Emergency Clinic Hospital, 022113 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Geta Vancea
- Faculty of Medicine, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- "Victor Babes" Infectious and Tropical Disease Hospital, 030303 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anca Pantea Stoian
- Faculty of Medicine, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Daniel Ovidiu Costea
- Faculty of Medicine, Ovidius University Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania
- General Surgery Department, Emergency County Hospital Constanta, 900591 Constanta, Romania
| | - Mihail Silviu Tudosie
- Faculty of Medicine, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Daniela Stana
- Ophthalmology Department, Emergency University Hospital Bucharest, 050098 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Bogdan Mihai Cristea
- Faculty of Medicine, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Vanessa Andrada Nicolae
- Faculty of Medicine, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Ophthalmology Department, Emergency University Hospital Bucharest, 050098 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Corneliu Tudor
- Faculty of Medicine, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Fourth Surgery Department, Emergency University Hospital Bucharest, 050098 Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Meda Comandasu
- Fourth Surgery Department, Emergency University Hospital Bucharest, 050098 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihai Faur
- Faculty of Medicine, University "Lucian Blaga", 550169 Sibiu, Romania
- Department of Surgery, Emergency County Hospital Sibiu, 550245 Sibiu, Romania
| | - Ciprian Tanasescu
- Faculty of Medicine, University "Lucian Blaga", 550169 Sibiu, Romania
- Department of Surgery, Emergency County Hospital Sibiu, 550245 Sibiu, Romania
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Das T, Padakandla SR, Shivaji S, Jayasudha R, Takkar B. Intraocular Microbiome in Diabetes and Diabetic Retinopathy: A Pilot Study. Ophthalmol Ther 2023; 12:1109-1126. [PMID: 36719607 PMCID: PMC10011241 DOI: 10.1007/s40123-023-00660-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The objective of this study was to compare the microbiome in the aqueous humour and gut of people with diabetes mellitus (DM) with and without diabetic retinopathy (DR). METHODS This was a prospective controlled study. The study included 17 people undergoing intraocular surgery in their naïve eyes. Stool samples were obtained in the perioperative period; aqueous humour samples of sufficient quantity were obtained in 12 people during intraocular surgery. Dietary information was obtained using a previously validated questionnaire. The gut and aqueous humour samples were assessed for microbiome using 16S rRNA gene sequencing coupled with QIIME and R software. RESULTS Aqueous humour was analysed in 12 people: 4 each healthy controls, people with DM, and people with DR. There were minor differences at the phyla levels, but the aqueous humour microbiomes of healthy controls, DM, and DR formed three distinct clusters on heat map analysis with discriminatory genera. This genera-level clustering was more apparent for the intraocular than the gut microbiome. In people with DM and DR, we identified genera unique to the eye or the gut. There was a consistent reduction in the abundance of anti-inflammatory bacteria in people with DR than DM. CONCLUSIONS There is a difference in intraocular and gut microbiome regardless of disease or health. Our preliminary findings indicate distinctive features of the intraocular microbiome in people with DR compared with those without it. While this distinctiveness appears more evident in aqueous humour than in the gut, it needs further confirmation with larger studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taraprasad Das
- Anant Bajaj Retina Institute-Srimati Kanuri Santhamma Centre for Vitreoretinal Diseases, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Sisinthy Shivaji
- Prof. Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Brijesh Takkar
- Anant Bajaj Retina Institute-Srimati Kanuri Santhamma Centre for Vitreoretinal Diseases, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
- Indian Health Outcomes, Public Health, and Economics Research (IHOPE) Centre, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
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Das S, Gnanasambandan R. Intestinal microbiome diversity of diabetic and non-diabetic kidney disease: Current status and future perspective. Life Sci 2023; 316:121414. [PMID: 36682521 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
A significant portion of the health burden of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is caused by both type 1 and type 2 diabetes which leads to morbidity and mortality globally. It is one of the most common diabetic complications characterized by loss of renal function with high prevalence, often leading to acute kidney disease (AKD). Inflammation triggered by gut microbiota is commonly associated with the development of DKD. Interactions between the gut microbiota and the host are correlated in maintaining metabolic and inflammatory homeostasis. However, the fundamental processes through which the gut microbiota affects the onset and progression of DKD are mainly unknown. In this narrative review, we summarised the potential role of the gut microbiome, their pathogenicity between diabetic and non-diabetic kidney disease (NDKD), and their impact on host immunity. A well-established association has already been seen between gut microbiota, diabetes and kidney disease. The gut-kidney interrelationship is confirmed by mounting evidence linking gut dysbiosis to DKD, however, it is still unclear what is the real cause of gut dysbiosis, the development of DKD, and its progression. In addition, we also try to distinguish novel biomarkers for early detection of DKD and the possible therapies that can be used to regulate the gut microbiota and improve the host immune response. This early detection and new therapies will help clinicians for better management of the disease and help improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumik Das
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India
| | - Ramanathan Gnanasambandan
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India.
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Wang L, Liang X, Chen H, Cao L, Liu L, Zhu F, Ding Y, Tang J, Xie Y. CDEMI: characterizing differences in microbial composition and function in microbiome data. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2023; 21:2502-2513. [PMID: 37090432 PMCID: PMC10113763 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial communities influence host phenotypes through microbiota-derived metabolites and interactions between exogenous active substances (EASs) and the microbiota. Owing to the high dynamics of microbial community composition and difficulty in microbial functional analysis, the identification of mechanistic links between individual microbes and host phenotypes is complex. Thus, it is important to characterize variations in microbial composition across various conditions (for example, topographical locations, times, physiological and pathological conditions, and populations of different ethnicities) in microbiome studies. However, no web server is currently available to facilitate such characterization. Moreover, accurately annotating the functions of microbes and investigating the possible factors that shape microbial function are critical for discovering links between microbes and host phenotypes. Herein, an online tool, CDEMI, is introduced to discover microbial composition variations across different conditions, and five types of microbe libraries are provided to comprehensively characterize the functionality of microbes from different perspectives. These collective microbe libraries include (1) microbial functional pathways, (2) disease associations with microbes, (3) EASs associations with microbes, (4) bioactive microbial metabolites, and (5) human body habitats. In summary, CDEMI is unique in that it can reveal microbial patterns in distributions/compositions across different conditions and facilitate biological interpretations based on diverse microbe libraries. CDEMI is accessible at http://rdblab.cn/cdemi/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidan Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, China
| | - Xiao Liang
- School of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Hao Chen
- School of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Lijie Cao
- School of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Lan Liu
- School of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Feng Zhu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yubin Ding
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, China
- Corresponding authors.
| | - Jing Tang
- School of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproductive and Development, Department Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Corresponding author at: School of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Youlong Xie
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproductive and Development, Department Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Corresponding authors.
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Siptroth J, Moskalenko O, Krumbiegel C, Ackermann J, Koch I, Pospisil H. Variation of butyrate production in the gut microbiome in type 2 diabetes patients. INTERNATIONAL MICROBIOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SPANISH SOCIETY FOR MICROBIOLOGY 2023:10.1007/s10123-023-00324-6. [PMID: 36780038 PMCID: PMC10397123 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-023-00324-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus type 2 is a common disease that poses a challenge to the healthcare system. The disease is very often diagnosed late. A better understanding of the relationship between the gut microbiome and type 2 diabetes can support early detection and form an approach for therapies. Microbiome analysis offers a potential opportunity to find markers for this disease. Next-generation sequencing methods can be used to identify the bacteria present in the stool sample and to generate a microbiome profile through an analysis pipeline. Statistical analysis, e.g., using Student's t-test, allows the identification of significant differences. The investigations are not only focused on single bacteria, but on the determination of a comprehensive profile. Also, the consideration of the functional microbiome is included in the analyses. The dataset is not from a clinical survey, but very extensive. RESULTS By examining 946 microbiome profiles of diabetes mellitus type 2 sufferers (272) and healthy control persons (674), a large number of significant genera (25) are revealed. It is possible to identify a large profile for type 2 diabetes disease. Furthermore, it is shown that the diversity of bacteria per taxonomic level in the group of persons with diabetes mellitus type 2 is significantly reduced compared to a healthy control group. In addition, six pathways are determined to be significant for type 2 diabetes describing the fermentation to butyrate. These parameters tend to have high potential for disease detection. CONCLUSIONS With this investigation of the gut microbiome of persons with diabetes type 2 disease, we present significant bacteria and pathways characteristic of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julienne Siptroth
- High Performance Computing in Life Sciences, Technical University of Applied Sciences Wildau, Wildau, Germany.
| | - Olga Moskalenko
- BIOMES NGS GmbH, Schwartzkopffstraße 1, 15745, Wildau, Germany
| | | | - Jörg Ackermann
- Department of Molecular Bioinformatics, Institute of Computer Science, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60325, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ina Koch
- Department of Molecular Bioinformatics, Institute of Computer Science, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60325, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Heike Pospisil
- High Performance Computing in Life Sciences, Technical University of Applied Sciences Wildau, Wildau, Germany
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García-Llorca A, Kararigas G. Sex-Related Effects of Gut Microbiota in Metabolic Syndrome-Related Diabetic Retinopathy. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11020447. [PMID: 36838411 PMCID: PMC9967826 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11020447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a complex disease of metabolic abnormalities, including obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension and dyslipidaemia, and it is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of vision loss among working-aged adults around the world and is the most frequent complication in type 2 diabetic (T2D) patients. The gut microbiota are a complex ecosystem made up of more than 100 trillion of microbial cells and their composition and diversity have been identified as potential risk factors for the development of several metabolic disorders, including MetS, T2D, DR and CVD. Biomarkers are used to monitor or analyse biological processes, therapeutic responses, as well as for the early detection of pathogenic disorders. Here, we discuss molecular mechanisms underlying MetS, the effects of biological sex in MetS-related DR and gut microbiota, as well as the latest advances in biomarker research in the field. We conclude that sex may play an important role in gut microbiota influencing MetS-related DR.
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Gut Microbiota of the Asian-Indian Type 2 Diabetes Phenotype: How Different It Is from the Rest of the World? J Indian Inst Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s41745-022-00351-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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37
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Alam MZ, Maslanka JR, Abt MC. Immunological consequences of microbiome-based therapeutics. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1046472. [PMID: 36713364 PMCID: PMC9878555 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1046472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The complex network of microscopic organisms living on and within humans, collectively referred to as the microbiome, produce wide array of biologically active molecules that shape our health. Disruption of the microbiome is associated with susceptibility to a range of diseases such as cancer, diabetes, allergy, obesity, and infection. A new series of next-generation microbiome-based therapies are being developed to treat these diseases by transplanting bacteria or bacterial-derived byproducts into a diseased individual to reset the recipient's microbiome and restore health. Microbiome transplantation therapy is still in its early stages of being a routine treatment option and, with a few notable exceptions, has had limited success in clinical trials. In this review, we highlight the successes and challenges of implementing these therapies to treat disease with a focus on interactions between the immune system and microbiome-based therapeutics. The immune activation status of the microbiome transplant recipient prior to transplantation has an important role in supporting bacterial engraftment. Following engraftment, microbiome transplant derived signals can modulate immune function to ameliorate disease. As novel microbiome-based therapeutics are developed, consideration of how the transplants will interact with the immune system will be a key factor in determining whether the microbiome-based transplant elicits its intended therapeutic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Michael C. Abt
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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38
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Dang G, Wang W, Zhong R, Wu W, Chen L, Zhang H. Pectin supplement alleviates gut injury potentially through improving gut microbiota community in piglets. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1069694. [PMID: 36569061 PMCID: PMC9780600 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1069694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
As pectin is widely used as a food and feed additive due to its tremendous prebiotic potentials for gut health. Yet, the underlying mechanisms associated with its protective effect remain unclear. Twenty-four piglets (Yorkshire × Landrace, 6.77 ± 0.92 kg) were randomly divided into three groups with eight replicates per treatment: (1) Control group (CON), (2) Lipopolysaccharide-challenged group (LPS), (3) Pectin-LPS group (PECL). Piglets were administrated with LPS or saline on d14 and 21 of the experiment. Piglets in each group were fed with corn-soybean meal diets containing 5% citrus pectin or 5% microcrystalline cellulose. Our result showed that pectin alleviated the morphological damage features by restoring the goblet numbers which the pig induced by LPS in the cecum. Besides, compared with the LPS group, pectin supplementation elevated the mRNA expression of tight junction protein [Claudin-1, Claudin-4, and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1)], mucin (Muc-2), and anti-inflammatory cytokines [interleukin 10 (IL-10), and IL-22]. Whereas pectin downregulated the expression of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-18), tumor necrosis factor-&alpha (TNF-α), and NF-κB. What is more, pectin supplementation also significantly increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria (Lactobacillus, Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, Blautia, and Subdoligranulum), and significantly reduced the abundance of harmful bacteria, such as Streptococcus. Additionally, pectin restored the amount of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) after being decreased by LPS (mainly Acetic acid, Propionic acid, and Butyric acid) to alleviate gut injury and improve gut immunity via activating relative receptors (GPR43, GPR109, AhR). Mantel test and correlation analysis also revealed associations between intestinal microbiota and intestinal morphology, and intestinal inflammation in piglets. Taken together, dietary pectin supplementation enhances the gut barrier and improves immunity to ameliorate LPS-induced injury by optimizing gut microbiota and their metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqi Dang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China,Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Liège University, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Wenxing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ruqing Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weida Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Liang Chen,
| | - Hongfu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China,Hongfu Zhang,
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Xu H, Chen M. Immune response in retinal degenerative diseases - Time to rethink? Prog Neurobiol 2022; 219:102350. [PMID: 36075351 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2022.102350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Retinal degeneration comprises a group of diseases whereby either the retinal neurons or the neurovascular unit degenerates leading to the loss of visual function. Although the initial cause varies in different conditions, inflammation is known to play an important role in disease pathogenesis. Recent advances in molecular and cell biology and systems biology have yielded unexpected findings, including the heterogeneity of immune cells in the degenerative retina, bidirectional neuron-microglia cross talk, and links to the gut microbiome. Here we discuss the immune response in retinal degenerative conditions, taking into account both regional (retinal) and systemic factors. We propose to classify retinal degeneration into dry and wet forms based on whether the blood-retinal barrier (BRB) is breached and fluid is accumulated in retinal parenchyma. The dry form has a relatively intact BRB and is characterised by progressive retinal thinning. Immune response to degenerative insults is dominated by the retinal defence system, which remains to be regulated by neurons. In contrast, the wet form has retinal oedema due to BRB damaged. Inflammation is executed by infiltrating immune cells as well as the retinal defence system. The gut microbiome will have easy access to the retina in wet retinal degeneration and may affect significantly retinal immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heping Xu
- Aier Institute of Optometry and Vision Science, Changsha 410000, China; The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry & Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK.
| | - Mei Chen
- The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry & Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK.
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Amoxicillin impact on pathophysiology induced by short term high salt diet in mice. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19351. [PMID: 36369512 PMCID: PMC9652318 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21270-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Current evidence emerging from both human and animal models confirms that high-salt diet consumption over a period modulates the gut ecology and subsequently accelerates the development of the pathophysiology of many metabolic diseases. The knowledge of short-term intake of a high-salt diet (HSD) on gut microbiota and their role in the progression of metabolic pathogenesis and the consequence of a typical course of common antibiotics in this condition has yet not been investigated. The present study elicited this knowledge gap by studying how the gut microbiota profile changes in mice receiving HSD for a short period followed by Amoxicillin treatment on these mice in the last week to mimic a typical treatment course of antibiotics. In this study, we provided a standard chow diet (CD) and HSD for 3 weeks, and a subset of these mice on both diets received antibiotic therapy with Amoxicillin in the 3rd week. We measured the body weight of mice for 3 weeks. After 21 days, all animals were euthanised and subjected to a thorough examination for haemato-biochemical, histopathological, and 16S rRNA sequencing, followed by bioinformatics analysis to determine any changes in gut microbiota ecology. HSD exposure in mice for short duration even leads to a significant difference in the gut ecology with enrichment of specific gut microbiota crucially linked to developing the pathophysiological features of metabolic disease-related inflammation. In addition, HSD treatment showed a negative impact on haemato-biochemical parameters. However, Amoxicillin treatment in HSD-fed mice restored the blood-biochemical markers near to control values and reshaped gut microbiota known for improving the pathophysiological attributes of metabolic disease related inflammation. This study also observed minimal and insignificant pathological changes in the heart, liver, and kidney in HSD-fed mice.
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Increasing and sustaining diabetic retinopathy screening in Fiji by leveraging community health workers (CHWs) services: A qualitative study. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11379. [PMID: 36387573 PMCID: PMC9663838 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Inequities in access to diabetic retinopathy (DR) services particularly in rural and remote Fiji is concerning. This is because DR when left undiagnosed and untreated for long, can lead to vision loss and permanent blindness. Appropriate channels must be explored to strengthen services and ensure equitable access to healthcare for everyone. This study describes the development and implementation of DR awareness training for community health workers (CHWs) and their subsequent engagement to raise awareness and scale-up DR screening for communities throughout Fiji. Materials and method As part of a programme to reduce the incidence of avoidable blindness due to diabetes amongst people living in the Pacific, DR training for primary level nurses was developed and implemented. As these primary level nurses were already inundated by clinical duties and competing health priorities, a shifting of the task was proposed to engage the CHWs who would instead educate communities on diabetes and DR and make referrals for DR screening. A one-day DR awareness training was developed and implemented by the Pacific Eye Institute with funding from the Fred Hollows Foundation New Zealand. Results At the end of the DR programme in 2019, the team had achieved their target and trained a total of 823 CHWs giving an 81.32% coverage of the total 1012 registered CHW in the MHMS register. Anecdotal evidence showed a spike in DR referrals and screenings recorded at health facilities. Three key themes emerged related to the involvement of CHWs which include engagement of CHWs, benefits of the engagement, and health system-related challenges. Conclusion The use of CHWs who are already integrated into the health system was considered a sustainable intervention to strengthen diabetes and DR services at the primary level of care, particularly if it involves community awareness, health education, and health services facilitation The future of the CHWs will depend on their being integrated more systematically into local health services with strengthened management and supervision.
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Elgafi M, Sharafeldeen A, Elnakib A, Elgarayhi A, Alghamdi NS, Sallah M, El-Baz A. Detection of Diabetic Retinopathy Using Extracted 3D Features from OCT Images. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:7833. [PMID: 36298186 PMCID: PMC9610651 DOI: 10.3390/s22207833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a major health problem that can lead to vision loss if not treated early. In this study, a three-step system for DR detection utilizing optical coherence tomography (OCT) is presented. First, the proposed system segments the retinal layers from the input OCT images. Second, 3D features are extracted from each retinal layer that include the first-order reflectivity and the 3D thickness of the individual OCT layers. Finally, backpropagation neural networks are used to classify OCT images. Experimental studies on 188 cases confirm the advantages of the proposed system over related methods, achieving an accuracy of 96.81%, using the leave-one-subject-out (LOSO) cross-validation. These outcomes show the potential of the suggested method for DR detection using OCT images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Elgafi
- Applied Mathematical Physics Research Group, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Sharafeldeen
- BioImaging Laboratory, Bioengineering Department, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Ahmed Elnakib
- BioImaging Laboratory, Bioengineering Department, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Ahmed Elgarayhi
- Applied Mathematical Physics Research Group, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Norah S. Alghamdi
- Department of Computer Sciences, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Sallah
- Applied Mathematical Physics Research Group, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
- Higher Institute of Engineering and Technology, New Damietta 34517, Egypt
| | - Ayman El-Baz
- BioImaging Laboratory, Bioengineering Department, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
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Liu K, Zou J, Fan H, Hu H, You Z. Causal effects of gut microbiota on diabetic retinopathy: A Mendelian randomization study. Front Immunol 2022; 13:930318. [PMID: 36159877 PMCID: PMC9496187 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.930318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundPrevious researches have implicated a vital association between gut microbiota (GM) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) based on the association of the “gut-retina” axis. But their causal relationship has not been elucidated.MethodsInstrumental variables of 211 GM taxa were obtained from genome wide association study (GWAS), and Mendelian randomization study was carried out to estimate their effects on DR risk from FinnGen GWAS (14,584 DR cases and 202,082 controls). Inverse variance weighted (IVW) is the main method to analyze causality, and MR results are verified by several sensitive analyses.ResultsAs for 211 GM taxa, IVW results confirmed that family-Christensenellaceae (P = 1.36×10-2) and family-Peptococcaceae (P = 3.13×10-2) were protective factors for DR. Genus-Ruminococcaceae_UCG_011 (P = 4.83×10-3), genus-Eubacterium_rectale_group (P = 3.44×10-2) and genus-Adlercreutzia (P = 4.82×10-2) were correlated with the risk of DR. At the phylum, class and order levels, we found no GM taxa that were causally related to DR (P>0.05). Heterogeneity (P>0.05) and pleiotropy (P>0.05) analysis confirmed the robustness of MR results.ConclusionWe confirmed that there was a potential causal relationship between some GM taxa and DR, which highlights the association of the “gut-retina” axis and offered new insights into the GM-mediated mechanism of DR. Further explorations of their association are required and will lead to find new biomarkers for targeted prevention strategies of DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangcheng Liu
- Jiangxi Province Division of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmic Disease, Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jing Zou
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Huimin Fan
- Jiangxi Province Division of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmic Disease, Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Hanying Hu
- Jiangxi Province Division of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmic Disease, Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhipeng You
- Jiangxi Province Division of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmic Disease, Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- *Correspondence: Zhipeng You,
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Martínez-López YE, Esquivel-Hernández DA, Sánchez-Castañeda JP, Neri-Rosario D, Guardado-Mendoza R, Resendis-Antonio O. Type 2 diabetes, gut microbiome, and systems biology: A novel perspective for a new era. Gut Microbes 2022; 14:2111952. [PMID: 36004400 PMCID: PMC9423831 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2022.2111952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The association between the physio-pathological variables of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and gut microbiota composition suggests a new avenue to track the disease and improve the outcomes of pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments. This enterprise requires new strategies to elucidate the metabolic disturbances occurring in the gut microbiome as the disease progresses. To this end, physiological knowledge and systems biology pave the way for characterizing microbiota and identifying strategies in a move toward healthy compositions. Here, we dissect the recent associations between gut microbiota and T2D. In addition, we discuss recent advances in how drugs, diet, and exercise modulate the microbiome to favor healthy stages. Finally, we present computational approaches for disentangling the metabolic activity underlying host-microbiota codependence. Altogether, we envision that the combination of physiology and computational modeling of microbiota metabolism will drive us to optimize the diagnosis and treatment of T2D patients in a personalized way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoscelina Estrella Martínez-López
- Human Systems Biology Laboratory. Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN). México City, México,Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Médicas, Odontológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM). Ciudad de México, México,Metabolic Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine and Nutrition. University of Guanajuato. León, Guanajuato, México
| | | | - Jean Paul Sánchez-Castañeda
- Human Systems Biology Laboratory. Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN). México City, México,Programa de Maestría en Ciencias Bioquímicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM). Ciudad de México, México
| | - Daniel Neri-Rosario
- Human Systems Biology Laboratory. Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN). México City, México,Programa de Maestría en Ciencias Bioquímicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM). Ciudad de México, México
| | - Rodolfo Guardado-Mendoza
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine and Nutrition. University of Guanajuato. León, Guanajuato, México,Research Department, Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad del Bajío. León, Guanajuato, México,Rodolfo Guardado-Mendoza Metabolic Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine and Nutrition. University of Guanajuato. León, Guanajuato, México
| | - Osbaldo Resendis-Antonio
- Human Systems Biology Laboratory. Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN). México City, México,Coordinación de la Investigación Científica – Red de Apoyo a la Investigación, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM). Ciudad de México, México,CONTACT Osbaldo Resendis-Antonio Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Periferico Sur 4809, Arenal Tepepan, Tlalpan, 14610 Ciudad de México, CDMX
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45
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Lv Q, Li Z, Sui A, Yang X, Han Y, Yao R. The role and mechanisms of gut microbiota in diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy and cardiovascular diseases. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:977187. [PMID: 36060752 PMCID: PMC9433831 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.977187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and T2DM-related complications [such as retinopathy, nephropathy, and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs)] are the most prevalent metabolic diseases. Intriguingly, overwhelming findings have shown a strong association of the gut microbiome with the etiology of these diseases, including the role of aberrant gut bacterial metabolites, increased intestinal permeability, and pathogenic immune function affecting host metabolism. Thus, deciphering the specific microbiota, metabolites, and the related mechanisms to T2DM-related complications by combined analyses of metagenomics and metabolomics data can lead to an innovative strategy for the treatment of these diseases. Accordingly, this review highlights the advanced knowledge about the characteristics of the gut microbiota in T2DM-related complications and how it can be associated with the pathogenesis of these diseases. Also, recent studies providing a new perspective on microbiota-targeted therapies are included.
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Li L, Yang K, Li C, Zhang H, Yu H, Chen K, Yang X, Liu L. Metagenomic shotgun sequencing and metabolomic profiling identify specific human gut microbiota associated with diabetic retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes. Front Immunol 2022; 13:943325. [PMID: 36059453 PMCID: PMC9434375 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.943325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundDiabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) and is one of the leading causes of blindness among DM patients. However, the molecular mechanism involving DR remains unclear.MethodsA case–control study with age-, sex-, and duration-matched diabetic patients and controls was conducted, which included 15 type 2 DM (T2DM) patients with DR and 15 T2DM patients without DR. Shotgun sequencing and non-targeted metabolomic profiling analyses of fecal samples were performed, and comprehensive bioinformatics analyses were conducted.ResultsUsing metagenomic analyses, we identified 293,460 unique genes in the non-DR group, while that in the DR group was 283,235, and the number of overlapping genes was 1,237,914. Regarding phylum levels, Actinobacteria decreased but Bacteroidetes increased in the DR group when compared with those in the control group. Regarding genus levels, Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus decreased. Cellular processes, environmental information processes, and metabolism-related pathways were found at higher levels in the gut microbiome of DR patients. Using metabolomic analyses, we found 116 differentially expressed metabolites with a positive ion model and 168 differentially expressed metabolites with a negative ion model between the two groups. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes annotation revealed six pathways with different levels between DR and diabetic controls, namely, cellular processes, environmental information processing, genetic information processing, human diseases, organismal systems and metabolism. Moreover, lysine biosynthesis and lysine degradation were enriched using a positive model, but histidine metabolism and β-alanine metabolism were enriched using a negative model.ConclusionsTogether, the metagenomic profiles of DR patients indicated different gut microbiota compositions and characteristic fecal metabolic phenotypes in DR patients. Our findings of microbial pathways therefore provided potential etiological and therapeutic targets for DR patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Kaibo Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Cong Li
- Guangdong Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Honghua Yu
- Guangdong Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kang Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Kang Chen, ; Xiaohong Yang, ; Lei Liu,
| | - Xiaohong Yang
- Guangdong Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Kang Chen, ; Xiaohong Yang, ; Lei Liu,
| | - Lei Liu
- Guangdong Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Kang Chen, ; Xiaohong Yang, ; Lei Liu,
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Zhang X, Akhtar M, Chen Y, Ma Z, Liang Y, Shi D, Cheng R, Cui L, Hu Y, Nafady AA, Ansari AR, Abdel-Kafy ESM, Liu H. Chicken jejunal microbiota improves growth performance by mitigating intestinal inflammation. MICROBIOME 2022; 10:107. [PMID: 35836252 PMCID: PMC9284917 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-022-01299-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Intestinal inflammation is prevalent in chicken, which results in decreased growth performance and considerable economic losses. Accumulated findings established the close relationship between gut microbiota and chicken growth performance. However, whether gut microbiota impacts chicken growth performance by lessening intestinal inflammation remains elusive. Results Seven-weeks-old male and female chickens with the highest or lowest body weights were significantly different in breast and leg muscle indices and average cross-sectional area of muscle cells. 16S rRNA gene sequencing indicated Gram-positive bacteria, such as Lactobacilli, were the predominant species in high body weight chickens. Conversely, Gram-negative bacteria, such as Comamonas, Acinetobacter, Brucella, Escherichia-Shigella, Thermus, Undibacterium, and Allorhizobium-Neorhizobium-Pararhizobium-Rhizobium were significantly abundant in low body weight chickens. Serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS) level was significantly higher in low body weight chickens (101.58 ± 5.78 ng/mL) compared with high body weight chickens (85.12 ± 4.79 ng/mL). The expression of TLR4, NF-κB, MyD88, and related inflammatory cytokines in the jejunum was significantly upregulated in low body weight chickens, which led to the damage of gut barrier integrity. Furthermore, transferring fecal microbiota from adult chickens with high body weight into 1-day-old chicks reshaped the jejunal microbiota, mitigated inflammatory response, and improved chicken growth performance. Conclusions Our findings suggested that jejunal microbiota could affect chicken growth performance by mitigating intestinal inflammation. Video Abstract
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40168-022-01299-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Zhang
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Muhammad Akhtar
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Ziyu Ma
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Yuyun Liang
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Deshi Shi
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Ranran Cheng
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Lei Cui
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Yafang Hu
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Abdallah A Nafady
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Abdur Rahman Ansari
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.,Section of Anatomy and Histology, Department of Basic Sciences, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (CVAS) Jhang, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (UVAS), Lahore, Pakistan
| | - El-Sayed M Abdel-Kafy
- Animal Production Research Institute (APRI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Ministry of Agriculture, Giza, Egypt
| | - Huazhen Liu
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
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Thakur PS, Aggarwal D, Takkar B, Shivaji S, Das T. Evidence Suggesting the Role of Gut Dysbiosis in Diabetic Retinopathy. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2022; 63:21. [PMID: 35877085 PMCID: PMC9339698 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.63.8.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Gut dysbiosis has been identified and tested in human trials for its role in diabetes mellitus (DM). The gut-retina axis could be a potential target for retardation of diabetic retinopathy (DR), a known complication of DM. This study reviews the evidence suggesting gut dysbiosis in DR. Methods The published literature in the past 5 years was reviewed using predetermined keywords and articles. The review intended to determine changes in gut microbiome in DR, the hypothesized mechanisms linking to the gut-retina axis, its predictive potential for progression of DR, and the possible therapeutic targets. Results The gut microbiota of people with DM differ from those without it, and the gut microbiota of people with DR differ from those without it. The difference is more significant in the former (DM versus no DM) and less significant in the latter (DM without DR versus DM with DR). Early research has suggested mechanisms of the gut-retina axis, but these are not different from known changes in the gut microbiome of people with DM. The current evidence on the predictive value of the gut microbiome in the occurrence and progression of DR is low. Therapeutic avenues targeting the gut-retina axis include lifestyle changes, pharmacologic inhibitors, probiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation. Conclusions Investigating the therapeutic utility of the gut ecosystem for DM and its complications like DR is an emerging area of research. The gut-retina axis could be a target for retardation of DR but needs longitudinal regional studies adjusting for dietary habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratima Singh Thakur
- Anant Bajaj Retina Institute-Srimati Kanuri Santhamma Centre for Vitreoretinal Diseases, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
| | - David Aggarwal
- Anant Bajaj Retina Institute-Srimati Kanuri Santhamma Centre for Vitreoretinal Diseases, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
| | - Brijesh Takkar
- Anant Bajaj Retina Institute-Srimati Kanuri Santhamma Centre for Vitreoretinal Diseases, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India.,Indian Health Outcomes, Public Health, and Economics Research (IHOPE) Centre, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India.,https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5779-7645
| | - Sisinthy Shivaji
- Prof. Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India.,https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0376-4658
| | - Taraprasad Das
- Anant Bajaj Retina Institute-Srimati Kanuri Santhamma Centre for Vitreoretinal Diseases, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India.,https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1295-4528
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Takkar B, Sheemar A, Jayasudha R, Soni D, Narayanan R, Venkatesh P, Shivaji S, Das T. Unconventional avenues to decelerated diabetic retinopathy. Surv Ophthalmol 2022; 67:1574-1592. [PMID: 35803389 DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2022.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is an important microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), causing significant visual impairment worldwide. Current gold standards for retarding the progress of DR include blood sugar control and regular fundus screening. Despite these measures, the incidence and prevalence of DR and vision-threatening DR remain high. Given its slowly progressive course and long latent period, opportunities to contain or slow DR before it threatens vision must be explored. This narrative review assesses the recently described unconventional strategies to retard DR progression. These include gut-ocular flow, gene therapy, mitochondrial dysfunction-oxidative stress, stem cell therapeutics, neurodegeneration, anti-inflammatory treatments, lifestyle modification, and usage of phytochemicals. These therapies impact DR directly, while some of them also influence DM control. Most of these strategies are currently in the preclinical stage, and clinical evidence remains low. Nevertheless, our review suggests that these approaches have the potential for human use to prevent the progression of DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brijesh Takkar
- Srimati Kanuri Santhamma Centre for Vitreoretinal Diseases, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India; Indian Health Outcomes, Public Health, and Economics Research (IHOPE) Centre, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India.
| | - Abhishek Sheemar
- Department of Ophthalmology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
| | | | - Deepak Soni
- Department of Ophthalmology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, India
| | - Raja Narayanan
- Srimati Kanuri Santhamma Centre for Vitreoretinal Diseases, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India; Indian Health Outcomes, Public Health, and Economics Research (IHOPE) Centre, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
| | - Pradeep Venkatesh
- Dr. RP Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sisinthy Shivaji
- Prof. Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
| | - Taraprasad Das
- Srimati Kanuri Santhamma Centre for Vitreoretinal Diseases, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
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Ratiner K, Shapiro H, Goldenberg K, Elinav E. Time-limited diets and the gut microbiota in cardiometabolic disease. J Diabetes 2022; 14:377-393. [PMID: 35698246 PMCID: PMC9366560 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.13288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, intermittent fasting (IF), including periodic fasting and time-restricted feeding (TRF), has been increasingly suggested to constitute a promising treatment for cardiometabolic diseases (CMD). A deliberate daily pause in food consumption influences the gut microbiome and the host circadian clock, resulting in improved cardiometabolic health. Understanding the molecular mechanisms by which circadian host-microbiome interactions affect host metabolism and immunity may add a potentially important dimension to effective implementation of IF diets. In this review, we discuss emerging evidence potentially linking compositional and functional alterations of the gut microbiome with IF impacts on mammalian metabolism and risk of development of hypertension, type 2 diabetes (T2D), obesity, and their long-term micro- and macrovascular complications. We highlight the challenges and unknowns in causally linking diurnal bacterial signals with dietary cues and downstream metabolic consequences and means of harnessing these signals toward future microbiome integration into precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Ratiner
- Systems Immunology DepartmentWeizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
| | - Hagit Shapiro
- Systems Immunology DepartmentWeizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
| | - Kim Goldenberg
- Systems Immunology DepartmentWeizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
| | - Eran Elinav
- Systems Immunology DepartmentWeizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
- Microbiome & Cancer Division, DKFZHeidelbergGermany
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