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Rocha-Vieira TC, Lacerda-Abreu MA, Carvalho-Kelly LF, Santos-Araújo S, Gondim KC, Meyer-Fernandes JR. Comparative characterisation of an ecto-5'-nucleotidase (CD73) in non-tumoral MCF10-A breast cells and triple-negative MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Cell Biol Int 2024. [PMID: 38894528 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.12202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Ecto-5'-nucleotidase (CD73) hydrolyses 5'AMP to adenosine and inorganic phosphate. Breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231) express high CD73 levels, and this enzyme has been found to play a tumour-promoting role in breast cancer. However, no studies have sought to investigate whether CD73 has differential affinity or substrate preferences between noncancerous and cancerous breast cells. In the present study, we aimed to biochemically characterise ecto-5'-nucleotidase in breast cancer cell lines and assess whether its catalytic function and tumour progression are correlated in breast cancer cells. The results showed that compared to nontumoral breast MCF-10A cells, triple-negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells had a higher ecto-5'-nucleotidase expression level and enzymatic activity. Although ecto-5'-nucleotidase activity in the MDA-MB-231 cell line showed no selectivity among monophosphorylated substrates, 5'AMP was preferred by the MCF-10A cell line. Compared to the MCF-10A cell line, the MDA-MB-231 cell line has better hydrolytic ability, lower substrate affinity, and high inhibitory potential after treatment with a specific CD73 inhibitor α,β‑methylene ADP (APCP). Therefore, we demonstrated that a specific inhibitor of the ecto-5-nucleotidase significantly reduced the migratory and invasive capacity of MDA-MB-231 cells, suggesting that ecto-5-nucleotidase activity might play an important role in metastatic progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais Cristino Rocha-Vieira
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo De Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marco Antonio Lacerda-Abreu
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo De Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luiz Fernando Carvalho-Kelly
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo De Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Samara Santos-Araújo
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo De Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Katia C Gondim
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo De Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular-INCT-EM/CNPq, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - José Roberto Meyer-Fernandes
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo De Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem-INCT-BEB/CNPq, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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2
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Petinati NA, Sadovskaya AV, Sats NV, Kapranov NM, Davydova YO, Fastova EA, Magomedova AU, Vasilyeva AN, Aleshina OA, Arapidi GP, Shender VO, Smirnov IP, Pobeguts OV, Lagarkova MA, Drize NI, Parovichnikova EN. Molecular Changes in Immunological Characteristics of Bone Marrow Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Lymphoid Neoplasia. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2024; 89:883-903. [PMID: 38880649 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297924050092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Immune system and bone marrow stromal cells play an important role in maintaining normal hematopoiesis. Lymphoid neoplasia disturbs not only development of immune cells, but other immune response mechanisms as well. Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) of the bone marrow are involved in immune response regulation through both intercellular interactions and secretion of various cytokines. In hematological malignancies, the bone marrow stromal microenvironment, including MSCs, is altered. Aim of this study was to describe the differences of MSCs' immunological function in the patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). In ALL, malignant cells arise from the early precursor cells localized in bone marrow, while in DLBCL they arise from more differentiated B-cells. In this study, only the DLBCL patients without bone marrow involvement were included. Growth parameters, surface marker expression, genes of interest expression, and secretion pattern of bone marrow MSCs from the patients with ALL and DLBCL at the onset of the disease and in remission were studied. MSCs from the healthy donors of corresponding ages were used as controls. It has been shown that concentration of MSCs in the bone marrow of the patients with ALL is reduced at the onset of the disease and is restored upon reaching remission; in the patients with DLBCL this parameter does not change. Proliferative capacity of MSCs did not change in the patients with ALL; however, the cells of the DLBCL patients both at the onset and in remission proliferated significantly faster than those from the donors. Expression of the membrane surface markers and expression of the genes important for differentiation, immunological status maintenance, and cytokine secretion differed significantly in the MSCs of the patients from those of the healthy donors and depended on nosology of the disease. Secretomes of the MSCs varied greatly; a number of proteins associated with immune response regulation, differentiation, and maintenance of hematopoietic stem cells were depleted in the secretomes of the cells from the patients. Lymphoid neoplasia leads to dramatic changes in the functional immunological status of MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataliya A Petinati
- National Medical Research Center for Hematology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 125167, Russia.
| | - Aleksandra V Sadovskaya
- National Medical Research Center for Hematology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 125167, Russia
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Natalia V Sats
- National Medical Research Center for Hematology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 125167, Russia
| | - Nikolai M Kapranov
- National Medical Research Center for Hematology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 125167, Russia
| | - Yulia O Davydova
- National Medical Research Center for Hematology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 125167, Russia
| | - Ekaterina A Fastova
- National Medical Research Center for Hematology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 125167, Russia
| | - Aminat U Magomedova
- National Medical Research Center for Hematology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 125167, Russia
| | - Anastasia N Vasilyeva
- National Medical Research Center for Hematology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 125167, Russia
| | - Olga A Aleshina
- National Medical Research Center for Hematology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 125167, Russia
| | - Georgiy P Arapidi
- Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, 119435, Russia
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, 141700, Russia
| | - Viktoria O Shender
- Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, 119435, Russia
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Igor P Smirnov
- Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, 119435, Russia
| | - Olga V Pobeguts
- Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, 119435, Russia
| | - Maria A Lagarkova
- Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, 119435, Russia
| | - Nina I Drize
- National Medical Research Center for Hematology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 125167, Russia
| | - Elena N Parovichnikova
- National Medical Research Center for Hematology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 125167, Russia
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3
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Longaray JB, Dias CK, Scholl JN, Battastini AMO, Figueiró F. Investigation of co-treatment multi-targeting approaches in breast cancer cell lines. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 966:176328. [PMID: 38237714 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
In 2020, breast cancer (BC) has surpassed lung cancer as the most diagnosed cancer in the world. Tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a critical role in resistance to standard therapies and tumor progression. Two key factors within the TME include adenosine, an immunosuppressive molecule, and glucose, which serves as the primary energy source for tumor cells. In this scenario, inhibiting the purinergic pathway and glucose uptake might be a promising strategy. Therefore, we sought to evaluated different treatment approaches in BC cells (Dapagliflozin, a SGLT2 inhibitor; Paclitaxel, the standard chemotherapy for BC; and ARL67156/APCP, inhibitors of CD39 and CD73, respectively). The expression of some membrane markers relevant to resistance was assessed. BC cell-lines (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) were co-treated and cell viability, cell cycle, and annexin/PI assays were performed. Our analysis showed promising results, where the combination of these compounds led to cell death by apoptosis/necrosis and cell cycle arrest. Dapagliflozin showed more impact on early apoptosis, whereas Paclitaxel led to late apoptosis/necrosis as the main mechanism of cell death. Inhibiting purinergic signaling also contributed to reducing cell viability together with the other drugs, suggesting it could have an influence on breast cancer survival mechanisms. Indeed, the overexpression of the NT5E gene in patients with ER+ tumors is strongly associated with reduced overall survival and progression-free interval. However, more studies are needed to fully understand the interactions and mechanism underlying these co-treatment multi-targeting approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica Brzoskowski Longaray
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Camila Kehl Dias
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliete Nathali Scholl
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Oliveira Battastini
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Figueiró
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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4
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Kim SJ, Kwon S, Chung S, Lee EJ, Park SE, Choi SJ, Oh SY, Ryu GH, Jeon HB, Chang JW. Nervonic Acid Inhibits Replicative Senescence of Human Wharton's Jelly-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Int J Stem Cells 2024; 17:80-90. [PMID: 37822280 PMCID: PMC10899888 DOI: 10.15283/ijsc23101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence causes cell cycle arrest and promotes permanent cessation of proliferation. Since the senescence of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) reduces proliferation and multipotency and increases immunogenicity, aged MSCs are not suitable for cell therapy. Therefore, it is important to inhibit cellular senescence in MSCs. It has recently been reported that metabolites can control aging diseases. Therefore, we aimed to identify novel metabolites that regulate the replicative senescence in MSCs. Using a fecal metabolites library, we identified nervonic acid (NA) as a candidate metabolite for replicative senescence regulation. In replicative senescent MSCs, NA reduced senescence-associated β-galactosidase positive cells, the expression of senescence-related genes, as well as increased stemness and adipogenesis. Moreover, in non-senescent MSCs, NA treatment delayed senescence caused by sequential subculture and promoted proliferation. We confirmed, for the first time, that NA delayed and inhibited cellular senescence. Considering optimal concentration, duration, and timing of drug treatment, NA is a novel potential metabolite that can be used in the development of technologies that regulate cellular senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Jeong Kim
- Cell and Gene Therapy Institute, ENCell Co. Ltd., Seoul, Korea
- Cell and Gene Therapy Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soojin Kwon
- Cell and Gene Therapy Institute, ENCell Co. Ltd., Seoul, Korea
- Cell and Gene Therapy Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soobeen Chung
- Cell and Gene Therapy Institute, ENCell Co. Ltd., Seoul, Korea
- Cell and Gene Therapy Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Joo Lee
- Cell and Gene Therapy Institute, ENCell Co. Ltd., Seoul, Korea
- Cell and Gene Therapy Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Eon Park
- Cell and Gene Therapy Institute, ENCell Co. Ltd., Seoul, Korea
- Cell and Gene Therapy Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Suk-Joo Choi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo-Young Oh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gyu Ha Ryu
- Department of Medical Device Management and Research, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
- The Office of R&D Strategy & Planning, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hong Bae Jeon
- Cell and Gene Therapy Institute, ENCell Co. Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Wook Chang
- Cell and Gene Therapy Institute, ENCell Co. Ltd., Seoul, Korea
- Cell and Gene Therapy Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
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5
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Ng MS, Kwok I, Tan L, Shi C, Cerezo-Wallis D, Tan Y, Leong K, Yang K, Zhang Y, Jing J, Liong KH, Wu D, He R, Liu D, Teh YC, Bleriot C, Caronni N, Liu Z, Duan K, Narang V, Li M, Chen J, Liu Y, Liu L, Qi J, Liu Y, Jiang L, Shen B, Cheng H, Cheng T, Angeli V, Sharma A, Loh YH, Tey HL, Chong SZ, Ostuni R, Hidalgo A, Ginhoux F, Ng LG. Deterministic reprogramming of neutrophils within tumors. Science 2024; 383:eadf6493. [PMID: 38207030 PMCID: PMC11087151 DOI: 10.1126/science.adf6493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Neutrophils are increasingly recognized as key players in the tumor immune response and are associated with poor clinical outcomes. Despite recent advances characterizing the diversity of neutrophil states in cancer, common trajectories and mechanisms governing the ontogeny and relationship between these neutrophil states remain undefined. Here, we demonstrate that immature and mature neutrophils that enter tumors undergo irreversible epigenetic, transcriptional, and proteomic modifications to converge into a distinct, terminally differentiated dcTRAIL-R1+ state. Reprogrammed dcTRAIL-R1+ neutrophils predominantly localize to a glycolytic and hypoxic niche at the tumor core and exert pro-angiogenic function that favors tumor growth. We found similar trajectories in neutrophils across multiple tumor types and in humans, suggesting that targeting this program may provide a means of enhancing certain cancer immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa S.F. Ng
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research); Singapore
| | - Immanuel Kwok
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research); Singapore
| | - Leonard Tan
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research); Singapore
| | - Changming Shi
- Shanghai Immune Therapy Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Renji Hospital; Shanghai, China
| | - Daniela Cerezo-Wallis
- Area of Cell & Developmental Biology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III; Madrid, Spain
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program and Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine; New Haven, USA
| | - Yingrou Tan
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research); Singapore
- National Skin Centre, National Healthcare Group; Singapore
| | - Keith Leong
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research); Singapore
| | - Katharine Yang
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research); Singapore
| | - Yuning Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National University of Singapore (NUS); Singapore
| | - Jingsi Jing
- Shanghai Immune Therapy Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Renji Hospital; Shanghai, China
| | - Ka Hang Liong
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research); Singapore
| | - Dandan Wu
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; Shanghai, China
| | - Rui He
- Shanghai Immune Therapy Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Renji Hospital; Shanghai, China
| | - Dehua Liu
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research); Singapore
| | - Ye Chean Teh
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research); Singapore
| | - Camille Bleriot
- INSERM U1015, Institut Gustave Roussy; Villejuif, France
- CNRS UMR8253, Institut Necker des Enfants Malades; Paris, France
| | - Nicoletta Caronni
- Genomics of the Innate Immune System Unit, San Raffaele-Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Milan, Italy
| | - Zhaoyuan Liu
- Genomics of the Innate Immune System Unit, San Raffaele-Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Milan, Italy
| | - Kaibo Duan
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research); Singapore
| | - Vipin Narang
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research); Singapore
| | - Mengwei Li
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research); Singapore
| | - Jinmiao Chen
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research); Singapore
| | | | - Lianxin Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China; Anhui, China
| | - Jingjing Qi
- Department of Biliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Cancer Biology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; Shanghai, China
| | - Yingbin Liu
- Department of Biliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Cancer Biology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; Shanghai, China
| | - Lingxi Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine; Shanghai, China
- Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Pancreatic Neoplasms, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine; Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University; Shanghai, China
| | - Baiyong Shen
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine; Shanghai, China
- Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Pancreatic Neoplasms, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine; Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University; Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; Tianjin, China
| | - Tao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; Tianjin, China
| | - Veronique Angeli
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National University of Singapore (NUS); Singapore
| | - Ankur Sharma
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre; Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University; Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University; Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Yuin-han Loh
- Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research); Singapore
| | - Hong Liang Tey
- National Skin Centre, National Healthcare Group; Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University; Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore; Singapore
| | - Shu Zhen Chong
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research); Singapore
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National University of Singapore (NUS); Singapore
| | - Renato Ostuni
- Genomics of the Innate Immune System Unit, San Raffaele-Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan; Italy
| | - Andrés Hidalgo
- Area of Cell & Developmental Biology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III; Madrid, Spain
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program and Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine; New Haven, USA
| | - Florent Ginhoux
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research); Singapore
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; Shanghai, China
- INSERM U1015, Institut Gustave Roussy; Villejuif, France
- Translational Immunology Institute, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre; Singapore
| | - Lai Guan Ng
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research); Singapore
- Shanghai Immune Therapy Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Renji Hospital; Shanghai, China
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National University of Singapore (NUS); Singapore
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6
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Chen L, Alabdullah M, Mahnke K. Adenosine, bridging chronic inflammation and tumor growth. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1258637. [PMID: 38022572 PMCID: PMC10643868 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1258637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Adenosine (Ado) is a well-known immunosuppressive agent that may be released or generated extracellularly by cells, via degrading ATP by the sequential actions of the ectonucleotides CD39 and CD73. During inflammation Ado is produced by leukocytes and tissue cells by different means to initiate the healing phase. Ado downregulates the activation and the effector functions of different leukocyte (sub-) populations and stimulates proliferation of fibroblasts for re-establishment of intact tissues. Therefore, the anti-inflammatory actions of Ado are already intrinsically triggered during each episode of inflammation. These tissue-regenerating and inflammation-tempering purposes of Ado can become counterproductive. In chronic inflammation, it is possible that Ado-driven anti-inflammatory actions sustain the inflammation and prevent the final clearance of the tissues from possible pathogens. These chronic infections are characterized by increased tissue damage, remodeling and accumulating DNA damage, and are thus prone for tumor formation. Developing tumors may further enhance immunosuppressive actions by producing Ado by themselves, or by "hijacking" CD39+/CD73+ cells that had already developed during chronic inflammation. This review describes different and mostly convergent mechanisms of how Ado-induced immune suppression, initially induced in inflammation, can lead to tumor formation and outgrowth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Karsten Mahnke
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld, Heidelberg, Germany
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7
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Samain R, Maiques O, Monger J, Lam H, Candido J, George S, Ferrari N, KohIhammer L, Lunetto S, Varela A, Orgaz JL, Vilardell F, Olsina JJ, Matias-Guiu X, Sarker D, Biddle A, Balkwill FR, Eyles J, Wilkinson RW, Kocher HM, Calvo F, Wells CM, Sanz-Moreno V. CD73 controls Myosin II-driven invasion, metastasis, and immunosuppression in amoeboid pancreatic cancer cells. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadi0244. [PMID: 37851808 PMCID: PMC10584351 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi0244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a very poor prognosis because of its high propensity to metastasize and its immunosuppressive microenvironment. Using a panel of pancreatic cancer cell lines, three-dimensional (3D) invasion systems, microarray gene signatures, microfluidic devices, mouse models, and intravital imaging, we demonstrate that ROCK-Myosin II activity in PDAC cells supports a transcriptional program conferring amoeboid invasive and immunosuppressive traits and in vivo metastatic abilities. Moreover, we find that immune checkpoint CD73 is highly expressed in amoeboid PDAC cells and drives their invasive, metastatic, and immunomodulatory traits. Mechanistically, CD73 activates RhoA-ROCK-Myosin II downstream of PI3K. Tissue microarrays of human PDAC biopsies combined with bioinformatic analysis reveal that rounded-amoeboid invasive cells with high CD73-ROCK-Myosin II activity and their immunosuppressive microenvironment confer poor prognosis to patients. We propose targeting amoeboid PDAC cells as a therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remi Samain
- Centre for Tumour Microenvironment, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Oscar Maiques
- Centre for Tumour Microenvironment, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Joanne Monger
- Centre for Tumour Microenvironment, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Hoyin Lam
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kings College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
- GSK, R&D Portfolio, Strategy and Business Insights, GSK House, 980 Great West Road, Brentford, TW8 9GS, UK
| | - Juliana Candido
- Centre for Tumour Microenvironment, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
- Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB21 6GH, UK
| | - Samantha George
- Centre for Tumour Microenvironment, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Nicola Ferrari
- Tumour Microenvironment Team, The Institute of Cancer Research, 237 Fulham Road, London SW3 6JB, UK
- Translational Science and Experimental Medicine, Early Respiratory and Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Leonie KohIhammer
- Centre for Tumour Microenvironment, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Sophia Lunetto
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AT, UK
| | - Adrian Varela
- Centre for Tumour Microenvironment, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Jose L. Orgaz
- Centre for Tumour Microenvironment, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sols-Morreale CSIC-UAM, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Felip Vilardell
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Jorge Juan Olsina
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Xavier Matias-Guiu
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
- IRBLLEIDA, IDIBELL, University Hospita of Bellvitge, CIBERONC, Lleida, Spain
| | - Debashis Sarker
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kings College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Adrian Biddle
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AT, UK
| | - Frances R. Balkwill
- Centre for Tumour Microenvironment, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Jim Eyles
- Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB21 6GH, UK
| | | | - Hemant M. Kocher
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
- Barts and the London HPB Centre, The Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Fernando Calvo
- Tumour Microenvironment Team, The Institute of Cancer Research, 237 Fulham Road, London SW3 6JB, UK
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnologia de Cantabria, c/ Albert Einstein 22, E39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Claire M. Wells
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kings College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Victoria Sanz-Moreno
- Centre for Tumour Microenvironment, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
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8
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Shi E, Wu Z, Karaoglan BS, Schwenk-Zieger S, Kranz G, Abdul Razak N, Reichel CA, Canis M, Baumeister P, Zeidler R, Gires O. 5'-Ectonucleotidase CD73/NT5E supports EGFR-mediated invasion of HPV-negative head and neck carcinoma cells. J Biomed Sci 2023; 30:72. [PMID: 37620936 PMCID: PMC10463398 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-023-00968-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of malignant cells is a driving force of disease progression in human papillomavirus-negative (HPV-negative) head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). Sustained hyper-activation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) induces an invasion-promoting subtype of EMT (EGFR-EMT) characterized by a gene signature ("'EGFR-EMT_Signature'") comprising 5´-ectonucleotidase CD73. Generally, CD73 promotes immune evasion via adenosine (ADO) formation and associates with EMT and metastases. However, CD73 regulation through EGFR signaling remains under-explored and targeting options are amiss. METHODS CD73 functions in EGFR-mediated tumor cell dissemination were addressed in 2D and 3D cellular models of migration and invasion. The novel antagonizing antibody 22E6 and therapeutic antibody Cetuximab served as inhibitors of CD73 and EGFR, respectively, in combinatorial treatment. Specificity for CD73 and its role as effector or regulator of EGFR-EMT were assessed upon CD73 knock-down and over-expression. CD73 correlation to tumor budding was studied in an in-house primary HNSCC cohort. Expression correlations, and prognostic and predictive values were analyzed using machine learning-based algorithms and Kaplan-Meier survival curves in single cell and bulk RNA sequencing datasets. RESULTS CD73/NT5E is induced by the EGF/EGFR-EMT-axis and blocked by Cetuximab and MEK inhibitor. Inhibition of CD73 with the novel antagonizing antibody 22E6 specifically repressed EGFR-dependent migration and invasion of HNSCC cells in 2D. Cetuximab and 22E6 alone reduced local invasion in a 3D-model. Interestingly, combining inefficient low-dose concentrations of Cetuximab and 22E6 revealed highly potent in invasion inhibition, substantially reducing the functional IC50 of Cetuximab regarding local invasion. A role for CD73 as an effector of EGFR-EMT in local invasion was further supported by knock-down and over-expression experiments in vitro and by high expression in malignant cells budding from primary tumors. CD73 expression correlated with EGFR pathway activity, EMT, and partial EMT (p-EMT) in malignant single HNSCC cells and in large patient cohorts. Contrary to published data, CD73 was not a prognostic marker of overall survival (OS) in the TCGA-HNSCC cohort when patients were stratified for HPV-status. However, CD73 prognosticated OS of oral cavity carcinomas. Furthermore, CD73 expression levels correlated with response to Cetuximab in HPV-negative advanced, metastasized HNSCC patients. CONCLUSIONS In sum, CD73 is an effector of EGF/EGFR-mediated local invasion and a potential therapeutic target and candidate predictive marker for advanced HPV-negative HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enxian Shi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Zhengquan Wu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Birnur Sinem Karaoglan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sabina Schwenk-Zieger
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Gisela Kranz
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nilofer Abdul Razak
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christoph A Reichel
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Canis
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Philipp Baumeister
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Reinhard Zeidler
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Structural Biology, Research Unit Therapeutic Antibodies, Helmholtz Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 21, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Olivier Gires
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
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Petruk N, Siddiqui A, Tadayon S, Määttä J, Mattila PK, Jukkola A, Sandholm J, Selander KS. CD73 regulates zoledronate-induced lymphocyte infiltration in triple-negative breast cancer tumors and lung metastases. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1179022. [PMID: 37533856 PMCID: PMC10390692 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1179022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Bisphosphonates (BPs) are bone-protecting osteoclast inhibitors, typically used in the treatment of osteoporosis and skeletal complications of malignancies. When given in the adjuvant setting, these drugs may also prevent relapses and prolong overall survival in early breast cancer (EBC), specifically among postmenopausal patients. Because of these findings, adjuvant nitrogen-containing BPs (N-BPs), such as zoledronate (ZOL), are now the standard of care for high-risk EBC patients, but there are no benefit-associated biomarkers, and the efficacy remains low. BPs have been demonstrated to possess anti-tumor activities, but the mechanisms by which they provide the beneficial effects in EBC are not known. Methods We used stably transfected 4T1 breast cancer cells together with suppression of CD73 (sh-CD73) or control cells (sh-NT). We compared ZOL effects on tumor growth and infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) into tumors and lung metastases using two mouse models. B cell depletion was performed using anti-CD20 antibody. Results Sh-CD73 4T1 cells were significantly more sensitive to the growth inhibitory effects of n-BPs in vitro. However, while ZOL-induced growth inhibition was similar between the tumor groups in vivo, ZOL enhanced B and T lymphocyte infiltration into the orthotopic tumors with down-regulated CD73. A similar trend was detected in lung metastases. ZOL-induced tumor growth inhibition was found to be augmented with B cell depletion in sh-NT tumors, but not in sh-CD73 tumors. As an internal control, ZOL effects on bone were similar in mice bearing both tumor groups. Discussion Taken together, these results indicate that ZOL modifies TILs in breast cancer, both in primary tumors and metastases. Our results further demonstrate that B cells may counteract the growth inhibitory effects of ZOL. However, all ZOL-induced TIL effects may be influenced by immunomodulatory characteristics of the tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataliia Petruk
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Arafat Siddiqui
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Western Cancer Centre FICAN West, Turku, Finland
| | - Sina Tadayon
- MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Jorma Määttä
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Turku Center for Disease Modeling, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Pieta K. Mattila
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Arja Jukkola
- Department of Oncology, Tampere University Hospital, Tays Cancer Center, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jouko Sandholm
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Katri S. Selander
- Department of Oncology and Radiation Therapy, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Cancer Research and Translational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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10
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Pinto-Cardoso R, Bessa-Andrês C, Correia-de-Sá P, Bernardo Noronha-Matos J. Could hypoxia rehabilitate the osteochondral diseased interface? Lessons from the interplay of hypoxia and purinergic signals elsewhere. Biochem Pharmacol 2023:115646. [PMID: 37321413 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The osteochondral unit comprises the articular cartilage (90%), subchondral bone (5%) and calcified cartilage (5%). All cells present at the osteochondral unit that is ultimately responsible for matrix production and osteochondral homeostasis, such as chondrocytes, osteoblasts, osteoclasts and osteocytes, can release adenine and/or uracil nucleotides to the local microenvironment. Nucleotides are released by these cells either constitutively or upon plasma membrane damage, mechanical stress or hypoxia conditions. Once in the extracellular space, endogenously released nucleotides can activate membrane-bound purinoceptors. Activation of these receptors is fine-tuning regulated by nucleotides' breakdown by enzymes of the ecto-nucleotidase cascade. Depending on the pathophysiological conditions, both the avascular cartilage and the subchondral bone subsist to significant changes in oxygen tension, which has a tremendous impact on tissue homeostasis. Cell stress due to hypoxic conditions directly influences the expression and activity of several purinergic signalling players, namely nucleotide release channels (e.g. Cx43), NTPDase enzymes and purinoceptors. This review gathers experimental evidence concerning the interplay between hypoxia and the purinergic signalling cascade contributing to osteochondral unit homeostasis. Reporting deviations to this relationship resulting from pathological alterations of articular joints may ultimately unravel novel therapeutic targets for osteochondral rehabilitation. At this point, one can only hypothesize how hypoxia mimetic conditions can be beneficial to the ex vivo expansion and differentiation of osteo- and chondro-progenitors for auto-transplantation and tissue regenerative purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Pinto-Cardoso
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Neurobiologia; Center for Drug Discovery and Innovative Medicines (MedInUP), Departamento de Imuno-Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar - Universidade do Porto (ICBAS-UP)
| | - Catarina Bessa-Andrês
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Neurobiologia; Center for Drug Discovery and Innovative Medicines (MedInUP), Departamento de Imuno-Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar - Universidade do Porto (ICBAS-UP)
| | - Paulo Correia-de-Sá
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Neurobiologia; Center for Drug Discovery and Innovative Medicines (MedInUP), Departamento de Imuno-Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar - Universidade do Porto (ICBAS-UP)
| | - José Bernardo Noronha-Matos
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Neurobiologia; Center for Drug Discovery and Innovative Medicines (MedInUP), Departamento de Imuno-Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar - Universidade do Porto (ICBAS-UP).
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11
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Tirado HA, Balasundaram N, Laaouimir L, Erdem A, van Gastel N. Metabolic crosstalk between stromal and malignant cells in the bone marrow niche. Bone Rep 2023; 18:101669. [PMID: 36909665 PMCID: PMC9996235 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2023.101669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow is the primary site of blood cell production in adults and serves as the source of osteoblasts and osteoclasts that maintain bone homeostasis. The medullary microenvironment is also involved in malignancy, providing a fertile soil for the growth of blood cancers or solid tumors metastasizing to bone. The cellular composition of the bone marrow is highly complex, consisting of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, maturing blood cells, skeletal stem cells, osteoblasts, mesenchymal stromal cells, adipocytes, endothelial cells, lymphatic endothelial cells, perivascular cells, and nerve cells. Intercellular communication at different levels is essential to ensure proper skeletal and hematopoietic tissue function, but it is altered when malignant cells colonize the bone marrow niche. While communication often involves soluble factors such as cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors, as well as their respective cell-surface receptors, cells can also communicate by exchanging metabolic information. In this review, we discuss the importance of metabolic crosstalk between different cells in the bone marrow microenvironment, particularly concerning the malignant setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hernán A Tirado
- Cellular Metabolism and Microenvironment Laboratory, de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nithya Balasundaram
- Cellular Metabolism and Microenvironment Laboratory, de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lotfi Laaouimir
- Cellular Metabolism and Microenvironment Laboratory, de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ayşegül Erdem
- Cellular Metabolism and Microenvironment Laboratory, de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nick van Gastel
- Cellular Metabolism and Microenvironment Laboratory, de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium.,WELBIO Department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium
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12
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Wang R, Wang Y, Wu C, Jin G, Zhu F, Yang Y, Wang Y, Zhou G. CD73 blockade alleviates intestinal inflammatory responses by regulating macrophage differentiation in ulcerative colitis. Exp Ther Med 2023; 25:272. [PMID: 37206543 PMCID: PMC10189750 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.11972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a type of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by excessive and persistent inflammation. Intestinal macrophages play a considerable role in regulating inflammatory immune reactions in the gut mucosa. It has previously been reported that CD73 is related to the pathogenesis of inflammatory or immune-related diseases; however, the roles of CD73 in UC remain unclear. In this study, CD73 expression in the inflamed mucosa of patients with UC was examined using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. Adenosine 5'-(α, β-methylene) diphosphate (APCP) was used to block the expression of CD73. Furthermore, the mRNA levels of proinflammatory mediators associated with macrophages following the blocking of CD73 were examined using RT-qPCR. Finally, the regulatory function of CD73 in intestinal inflammation was assessed by administering APCP in a mouse model of dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS)-induced colitis. Notably, it was found that CD73 expression was significantly increased in the colonic mucosal tissues of patients with UC. Blockade of CD73 inhibited the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines but promoted the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines in macrophages, while its promotion of M2 macrophage polarization was also verified. In vivo, CD73 blockade markedly alleviated DSS-induced colitis in mice, as characterized by reduced weight loss, reduction in the incidence of diarrhea, and reduced amount of bloody stool. Mechanistically, it was shown that CD73 regulated macrophage differentiation via the NF-κB and ERK signaling pathways. In conclusion, the findings of the present study indicate that CD73 may have a potential impact on the pathogenesis of UC by modulating the immune response of macrophage differentiation; thus, providing a novel pathway for modulating mucosal inflammation in UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
| | - Chao Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
| | - Guiyuan Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
| | - Fengqin Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
| | - Yonghong Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
| | - Yibo Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
| | - Guangxi Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
- Correspondence to: Professor Guangxi Zhou, Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, 89 Guhuai Road, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
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Chaudhuri A, Kumar DN, Dehari D, Patil R, Singh S, Kumar D, Agrawal AK. Endorsement of TNBC Biomarkers in Precision Therapy by Nanotechnology. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15092661. [PMID: 37174125 PMCID: PMC10177107 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15092661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease which accounts globally for approximately 1 million new cases annually, wherein more than 200,000 of these cases turn out to be cases of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). TNBC is an aggressive and rare breast cancer subtype that accounts for 10-15% of all breast cancer cases. Chemotherapy remains the only therapy regimen against TNBC. However, the emergence of innate or acquired chemoresistance has hindered the chemotherapy used to treat TNBC. The data obtained from molecular technologies have recognized TNBC with various gene profiling and mutation settings that have helped establish and develop targeted therapies. New therapeutic strategies based on the targeted delivery of therapeutics have relied on the application of biomarkers derived from the molecular profiling of TNBC patients. Several biomarkers have been found that are targets for the precision therapy in TNBC, such as EGFR, VGFR, TP53, interleukins, insulin-like growth factor binding proteins, c-MET, androgen receptor, BRCA1, glucocorticoid, PTEN, ALDH1, etc. This review discusses the various candidate biomarkers identified in the treatment of TNBC along with the evidence supporting their use. It was established that nanoparticles had been considered a multifunctional system for delivering therapeutics to target sites with increased precision. Here, we also discuss the role of biomarkers in nanotechnology translation in TNBC therapy and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiswarya Chaudhuri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Dulla Naveen Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Deepa Dehari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Rohit Patil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Sanjay Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221005, India
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226025, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Ashish Kumar Agrawal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221005, India
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14
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Kowash RR, Akbay EA. Tumor intrinsic and extrinsic functions of CD73 and the adenosine pathway in lung cancer. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1130358. [PMID: 37033953 PMCID: PMC10079876 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1130358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The adenosine pathway is an exciting new target in the field of cancer immunotherapy. CD73 is the main producer of extracellular adenosine. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has one of the highest CD73 expression signatures among all cancer types and the presence of common oncogenic drivers of NSCLC, such as mutant epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and KRAS, correlate with increased CD73 expression. Current immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapies only benefit a subset of patients, and it has proved challenging to understand which patients might respond even with the current understanding of predictive biomarkers. The adenosine pathway is well known to disrupt cytotoxic function of T cells, which is currently the main target of most clinical agents. Data thus far suggests that combining ICB therapies already in the clinic with adenosine pathway inhibitors provides promise for the treatment of lung cancer. However, antigen loss or lack of good antigens limits efficacy of ICB; simultaneous activation of other cytotoxic immune cells such as natural killer (NK) cells can be explored in these tumors. Clinical trials harnessing both T and NK cell activating treatments are still in their early stages with results expected in the coming years. In this review we provide an overview of new literature on the adenosine pathway and specifically CD73. CD73 is thought of mainly for its role as an immune modulator, however recent studies have demonstrated the tumor cell intrinsic properties of CD73 are potentially as important as its role in immune suppression. We also highlight the current understanding of this pathway in lung cancer, outline ongoing studies examining therapies in combination with adenosine pathway targeting, and discuss future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan R. Kowash
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
- Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Esra A. Akbay
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
- Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Dallas, TX, United States
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15
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CD73: Friend or Foe in Lung Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065545. [PMID: 36982618 PMCID: PMC10056814 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Ecto-5′-nucleotidase (CD73) plays a strategic role in calibrating the magnitude and chemical nature of purinergic signals that are delivered to immune cells. Its primary function is to convert extracellular ATP to adenosine in concert with ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase-1 (CD39) in normal tissues to limit an excessive immune response in many pathophysiological events, such as lung injury induced by a variety of contributing factors. Multiple lines of evidence suggest that the location of CD73, in proximity to adenosine receptor subtypes, indirectly determines its positive or negative effect in a variety of organs and tissues and that its action is affected by the transfer of nucleoside to subtype-specific adenosine receptors. Nonetheless, the bidirectional nature of CD73 as an emerging immune checkpoint in the pathogenesis of lung injury is still unknown. In this review, we explore the relationship between CD73 and the onset and progression of lung injury, highlighting the potential value of this molecule as a drug target for the treatment of pulmonary disease.
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A2B Adenosine Receptor in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Pursuing Proper Pit Stop to Interfere with Disease Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054428. [PMID: 36901855 PMCID: PMC10002355 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Purine nucleotides and nucleosides are involved in various human physiological and pathological mechanisms. The pathological deregulation of purinergic signaling contributes to various chronic respiratory diseases. Among the adenosine receptors, A2B has the lowest affinity such that it was long considered to have little pathophysiological significance. Many studies suggest that A2BAR plays protective roles during the early stage of acute inflammation. However, increased adenosine levels during chronic epithelial injury and inflammation might activate A2BAR, resulting in cellular effects relevant to the progression of pulmonary fibrosis.
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Zhou Y, Liang Z, Xia Y, Li S, Liang J, Hu Z, Tang C, Zhao Q, Gong Q, Ouyang Y. Disruption of RBMS3 suppresses PD-L1 and enhances antitumor immune activities and therapeutic effects of auranofin against triple-negative breast cancer. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 369:110260. [PMID: 36414028 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) interaction exerts a vital role in tumor-associated immune evasion. While strategies disrupting PD-1/PD-L1 axis have shown clinical benefits in various cancers, the limited response rate prompts us to investigate the complex mechanisms underlying the molecular regulation of PD-L1. Here, we identify the RNA binding protein RBMS3 as a crucial PD-L1 regulator in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Correlation analysis shows that Rbms3 significantly correlates with immunosuppressive CD274, Rbms1, NT5E and ENTPD1. RBMS3 protein binds to CD274 mRNA specifically in TNBC cells to increase PD-L1 levels. Mechanistically, RBMS3 stabilizes CD274 mRNA by interacting with its 3'UTR, which represents as an intrinsic cancer cell mechanism for driving PL-D1 upregulation in TNBC. RBMS3 depletion not only destabilizes the mRNA stability and protein expression of PD-L1, but also suppresses the migratory abilities of TNBC MDA-MB-231 cells. Importantly, combination of RBMS3 ablation with auranofin (AUF), an FDA-approved thioredoxin reductase inhibitor, facilitates anti-tumor T-cell immunity in vivo and improves AUF-mediated anti-cancer effect. Taken together, our findings reveal RBMS3 as a key post-transcriptional regulator of PD-L1 and how they contribute to immune escape in TNBC, which could lead to novel combinatorial therapeutic strategies to enhance the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Zhou
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongping Liang
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingjie Xia
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University, China
| | - Shuai Li
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiali Liang
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhixiang Hu
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chengbin Tang
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Zhao
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Gong
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yongchang Ouyang
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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18
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The exploitation of enzyme-based cancer immunotherapy. Hum Cell 2023; 36:98-120. [PMID: 36334180 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-022-00821-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy utilizes the immune system and its wide-ranging components to deliver anti-tumor responses. In immune escape mechanisms, tumor microenvironment-associated soluble factors and cell surface-bound molecules are mainly accountable for the dysfunctional activity of tumor-specific CD8+ T cells, natural killer (NK) cells, tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) and stromal cells. The myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs), are also key tumor-promoting immune cells. These potent immunosuppressive networks avert tumor rejection at various stages, affecting immunotherapies' outcomes. Numerous clinical trials have elucidated that disruption of immunosuppression could be achieved via checkpoint inhibitors. Another approach utilizes enzymes that can restore the body's potential to counter cancer by triggering the immune system inhibited by the tumor microenvironment. These immunotherapeutic enzymes can catalyze an immunostimulatory signal and modulate the tumor microenvironment via effector molecules. Herein, we have discussed the immuno-metabolic roles of various enzymes like ATP-dephosphorylating ectoenzymes, inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase, phenylamine, tryptophan, and arginine catabolizing enzymes in cancer immunotherapy. Understanding the detailed molecular mechanisms of the enzymes involved in modulating the tumor microenvironment may help find new opportunities for cancer therapeutics.
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Li C, Tao Y, Chen Y, Wu Y, He Y, Yin S, Xu S, Yu Y. Development of a metabolism-related signature for predicting prognosis, immune infiltration and immunotherapy response in breast cancer. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:5440-5461. [PMID: 36628282 PMCID: PMC9827085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BRCA) is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and among the top causes of cancer deaths globally. The abnormality of the metabolic process is an important characteristic that distinguishes cancer cells from normal cells. Currently, there are few metabolic molecular models to evaluate the prognosis and treatment response of BRCA patients. By analyzing RNA-seq data of BRCA samples from public databases via bioinformatic approaches, we developed a prognostic signature based on seven metabolic genes (PLA2G2D, GNPNAT1, QPRT, SHMT2, PAICS, NT5E and PLPP2). Low-risk patients showed better overall survival in all five cohorts (TCGA cohort, two external validation cohorts and two internal validation cohorts). There was a higher proportion of tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells, CD4+ memory resting T cells, gamma delta T cells and resting dendritic cells and a lower proportion of M0 and M2 macrophages in the low-risk group. Low-risk patients also showed higher ESTIMATE scores, higher immune function scores, higher Immunophenoscores (IPS) and checkpoint expression, lower stemness scores, lower TIDE (Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion) scores and IC50 values for several chemotherapeutic agents, suggesting that low-risk patients could respond more favorably to immunotherapy and chemotherapy. Two real-world patient cohorts receiving anti-PD-1 therapy were applied for validating the predictive results. Molecular subtypes identified based on these seven genes also showed different immune characteristics. Immunohistochemical data obtained from the human protein atlas database demonstrated the protein expression of signature genes. This research may contribute to the identification of metabolic targets for BRCA and the optimization of risk stratification and personalized treatment for BRCA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunzhen Li
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Institute of Immunology, Naval Medical UniversityShanghai 200433, China
| | - Yijie Tao
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Institute of Immunology, Naval Medical UniversityShanghai 200433, China
| | - Yining Chen
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200433, China
| | - Yunyang Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Institute of Immunology, Naval Medical UniversityShanghai 200433, China
| | - Yixian He
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Institute of Immunology, Naval Medical UniversityShanghai 200433, China
| | - Shulei Yin
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Institute of Immunology, Naval Medical UniversityShanghai 200433, China
| | - Sheng Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Institute of Immunology, Naval Medical UniversityShanghai 200433, China
| | - Yizhi Yu
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Institute of Immunology, Naval Medical UniversityShanghai 200433, China
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20
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Gregory S, Xu Y, Xie P, Fan J, Gao B, Mani N, Iyer R, Tang A, Wei J, Chaudhuri SM, Wang S, Liu H, Zhang B, Fang D. The ubiquitin-specific peptidase 22 is a deubiquitinase of CD73 in breast cancer cells. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:5564-5575. [PMID: 36628293 PMCID: PMC9827093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells evade the immune system by expressing inhibitory immune checkpoint receptors such as ecto-5'-nucleotidase (NT5E), also known as CD73, which consequently suppress tumor neoantigen-specific immune response. Blockade of CD73 in mouse models of breast cancer showed a reduction in tumor growth and metastasis. CD73 expression is elevated in a variety of human tumors including breast cancer. While the regulation of CD73 expression at the transcriptional level has been well understood, the factors involved in regulating CD73 expression at the post-transcriptional level have not been identified. Herein, we discovered that the ubiquitin-specific peptidase 22 (USP22), a deubiquitinase associated with poor prognosis and overexpressed in breast cancers, is a positive regulator for CD73. Targeted USP22 deletion resulted in a statistically significant reduction in CD73 protein expression. In contrast, CD73 mRNA expression levels were not reduced, but even slightly increased by USP22 deletion. Further analysis demonstrated that USP22 is a deubiquitinase that specifically interacts with and inhibits CD73 ubiquitination. Consequently, USP22 protects CD73 from ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation in breast cancer cells. Targeted USP22 deletion, inhibits syngeneic breast cancer growth. Collectively, our study reveals USP22 as a positive regulator to promote CD73 expression in breast cancer and provides a rationale to target USP22 in antitumor immune therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shana Gregory
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine303 E. Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Yanan Xu
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine303 E. Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Ping Xie
- Department of Medicine (Hematology and Oncology), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine303 E. Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Jie Fan
- Department of Medicine (Hematology and Oncology), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine303 E. Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Beixue Gao
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine303 E. Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Nikita Mani
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine303 E. Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Radhika Iyer
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine303 E. Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Amy Tang
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine303 E. Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Juncheng Wei
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine303 E. Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Shuvam Mohan Chaudhuri
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine303 E. Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Shengnan Wang
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine303 E. Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Huiping Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine303 E. Superior St, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Medicine (Hematology and Oncology), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine303 E. Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Deyu Fang
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine303 E. Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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21
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Wu X, Liu XQ, Liu ZN, Xia GQ, Zhu H, Zhang MD, Wu BM, Lv XW. CD73 aggravates alcohol-related liver fibrosis by promoting autophagy mediated activation of hepatic stellate cells through AMPK/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 113:109229. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Liu Y, Fang Y, Bao L, Wu F, Wang S, Hao S. Intercellular Communication Reveals Therapeutic Potential of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12101478. [PMID: 36291687 PMCID: PMC9599658 DOI: 10.3390/biom12101478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer with high intra-tumoral heterogeneity. The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is one of the inducers of cancer metastasis and migration. However, the description of the EMT process in TNBC using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) remains unclear. (2) Methods: In this study, we analyzed 8938 cellular gene expression profiles from five TNBC patients. We first scored each malignant cell based on functional pathways to determine its EMT characteristics. Then, a pseudo-time trajectory analysis was employed to characterize the cell trajectories. Furthermore, CellChat was used to identify the cellular communications. (3) Results: We identified 888 epithelium-like and 846 mesenchyme-like malignant cells, respectively. A further pseudo-time trajectory analysis indicated the transition trends from epithelium-like to mesenchyme-like in malignant cells. To characterize the potential regulators of the EMT process, we identified 10 dysregulated transcription factors (TFs) between epithelium-like and mesenchyme-like malignant cells, in which overexpressed forkhead box protein A1 (FOXA1) was recognized as a poor prognosis marker of TNBC. Furthermore, we dissected the cell-cell communications via ligand-receptor (L-R) interactions. We observed that tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) may support the invasion of malignant epithelial cells, based on CXCL-CXCR2 signaling. The tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathway secreted by TAMs was identified as an outgoing communication pattern, mediating the communications between monocytes/TAMs and malignant epithelial cells. Alternatively, the TNF-related ligand-receptor (L-R) pairs showed promising clinical implications. Some immunotherapy and anti-neoplastic drugs could interact with the L-R pairs as a potential strategy for the treatment of TNBC. In summary, this study enhances the understanding of the EMT process in the TNBC microenvironment, and dissections of EMT-related cell communications also provided us with potential treatment targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Pharmacy Intravenous Admixture Services, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Yu Fang
- Department of Phase I Clinical Trial Ward, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Lili Bao
- Pharmacy Intravenous Admixture Services, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Feng Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Shilong Wang
- Pharmacy Intravenous Admixture Services, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
- Correspondence: (S.W.); (S.H.)
| | - Siyu Hao
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
- Correspondence: (S.W.); (S.H.)
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23
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Massa D, Tosi A, Rosato A, Guarneri V, Dieci MV. Multiplexed In Situ Spatial Protein Profiling in the Pursuit of Precision Immuno-Oncology for Patients with Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:4885. [PMID: 36230808 PMCID: PMC9562913 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized the treatment of many solid tumors. In breast cancer (BC), immunotherapy is currently approved in combination with chemotherapy, albeit only in triple-negative breast cancer. Unfortunately, most patients only derive limited benefit from ICIs, progressing either upfront or after an initial response. Therapeutics must engage with a heterogeneous network of complex stromal-cancer interactions that can fail at imposing cancer immune control in multiple domains, such as in the genomic, epigenomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic domains. To overcome these types of heterogeneous resistance phenotypes, several combinatorial strategies are underway. Still, they can be predicted to be effective only in the subgroups of patients in which those specific resistance mechanisms are effectively in place. As single biomarker predictive performances are necessarily suboptimal at capturing the complexity of this articulate network, precision immune-oncology calls for multi-omics tumor microenvironment profiling in order to identify unique predictive patterns and to proactively tailor combinatorial treatments. Multiplexed single-cell spatially resolved tissue analysis, through precise epitope colocalization, allows one to infer cellular functional states in view of their spatial organization. In this review, we discuss-through the lens of the cancer-immunity cycle-selected, established, and emerging markers that may be evaluated in multiplexed spatial protein panels to help identify prognostic and predictive patterns in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Massa
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
- Division of Oncology 2, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Anna Tosi
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Diagnostics, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Antonio Rosato
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Diagnostics, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Valentina Guarneri
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
- Division of Oncology 2, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Maria Vittoria Dieci
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
- Division of Oncology 2, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy
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24
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Schäkel L, Mirza S, Winzer R, Lopez V, Idris R, Al-Hroub H, Pelletier J, Sévigny J, Tolosa E, Müller CE. Protein kinase inhibitor ceritinib blocks ectonucleotidase CD39 - a promising target for cancer immunotherapy. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:jitc-2022-004660. [PMID: 35981785 PMCID: PMC9394215 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-004660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Background An important mechanism, by which cancer cells achieve immune escape, is the release of extracellular adenosine into their microenvironment. Adenosine activates adenosine A2A and A2B receptors on immune cells constituting one of the strongest immunosuppressive mediators. In addition, extracellular adenosine promotes angiogenesis, tumor cell proliferation, and metastasis. Cancer cells upregulate ectonucleotidases, most importantly CD39 and CD73, which catalyze the hydrolysis of extracellular ATP to AMP (CD39) and further to adenosine (CD73). Inhibition of CD39 is thus expected to be an effective strategy for the (immuno)therapy of cancer. However, suitable small molecule inhibitors for CD39 are not available. Our aim was to identify drug-like CD39 inhibitors and evaluate them in vitro. Methods We pursued a repurposing approach by screening a self-compiled collection of approved, mostly ATP-competitive protein kinase inhibitors, on human CD39. The best hit compound was further characterized and evaluated in various orthogonal assays and enzyme preparations, and on human immune and cancer cells. Results The tyrosine kinase inhibitor ceritinib, a potent anticancer drug used for the treatment of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive metastatic non-small cell lung cancer, was found to strongly inhibit CD39 showing selectivity versus other ectonucleotidases. The drug displays a non-competitive, allosteric mechanism of CD39 inhibition exhibiting potency in the low micromolar range, which is independent of substrate (ATP) concentration. We could show that ceritinib inhibits ATP dephosphorylation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in a dose-dependent manner, resulting in a significant increase in ATP concentrations and preventing adenosine formation from ATP. Importantly, ceritinib (1–10 µM) substantially inhibited ATP hydrolysis in triple negative breast cancer and melanoma cells with high native expression of CD39. Conclusions CD39 inhibition might contribute to the effects of the powerful anticancer drug ceritinib. Ceritinib is a novel CD39 inhibitor with high metabolic stability and optimized physicochemical properties; according to our knowledge, it is the first brain-permeant CD39 inhibitor. Our discovery will provide the basis (i) to develop more potent and balanced dual CD39/ALK inhibitors, and (ii) to optimize the ceritinib scaffold towards interaction with CD39 to obtain potent and selective drug-like CD39 inhibitors for future in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Schäkel
- Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Salahuddin Mirza
- Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Riekje Winzer
- Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Vittoria Lopez
- Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Riham Idris
- Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Haneen Al-Hroub
- Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Julie Pelletier
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jean Sévigny
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.,Départment de Microbiologie-Infectiologie et d'Immunologie, Faculté de Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Eva Tolosa
- Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christa E Müller
- Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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25
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Zhang H, Cao Y, Tang J, Wang R. CD73 (NT5E) Promotes the Proliferation and Metastasis of Lung Adenocarcinoma through the EGFR/AKT/mTOR Pathway. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:9944847. [PMID: 35813221 PMCID: PMC9259339 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9944847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Lung cancer is the most common malignant tumor and the main cause of tumor-related death globally. As the 5-year survival rate of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains low, it is necessary to investigate novel molecular markers and therapeutic targets for LUAD. Materials and Methods The protein expression of CD73 (NT5E) in LUAD specimens was analyzed using immunohistochemistry. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blot analysis were used to analyze the mRNA and protein expression levels of several genes in LUAD cells. The proliferation of LUAD cells was evaluated using proliferation and colony formation assays and apoptosis analysis. Wound healing and Transwell invasion assays were used to analyze the migration and invasion of the A549 cells, respectively. In addition, overexpression plasmids and small interfering RNAs were used to overexpress or knockdown the expression levels of CD73 in the A549 cell line, respectively. Finally, the interaction between CD73 and EGFR in the A549 cell line was analyzed using immunoprecipitation. Results Our research emphasized the importance of CD73 in the prognosis of LUAD and highlighted it as a potential therapeutic target. We also found that the mRNA and protein expression levels of CD73 are increased in LUAD specimens and cell lines and were associated with a poor prognosis in patients with LUAD. Furthermore, it was revealed that CD73 may promote the proliferation, migration, and invasion of the A549 cell line. Finally, we demonstrated that CD73 could bind epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) to further regulate the activation of the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Conclusions CD73 promotes LUAD proliferation and metastasis through EGFR/AKT/mTOR axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1, Shuanghu Branch Road, Yubei District, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Yu Cao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1, Shuanghu Branch Road, Yubei District, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Jianming Tang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1, Shuanghu Branch Road, Yubei District, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1, Shuanghu Branch Road, Yubei District, Chongqing 401120, China
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Iser IC, Vedovatto S, Oliveira FD, Beckenkamp LR, Lenz G, Wink MR. The crossroads of adenosinergic pathway and epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity in cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:202-213. [PMID: 35779713 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a key mechanism related to tumor progression, invasion, metastasis, resistance to therapy and poor prognosis in several types of cancer. However, targeting EMT or partial-EMT, as well as the molecules involved in this process, has remained a challenge. Recently, the CD73 enzyme, which hydrolyzes AMP to produce adenosine (ADO), has been linked to the EMT process. This relationship is not only due to the production of the immunosuppressant ADO but also to its role as a receptor for extracellular matrix proteins, being involved in cell adhesion and migration. This article reviews the crosstalk between the adenosinergic pathway and the EMT program and the impact of this interrelation on cancer development and progression. An in silico analysis of RNAseq datasets showed that several tumor types have a significant correlation between an EMT score and NT5E (CD73) and ENTPD1 (CD39) expressions, with the strongest correlations in prostate adenocarcinoma. Furthermore, it is evident that the cooperation between EMT and adenosinergic pathway in tumor progression is context and tumor-dependent. The increased knowledge about this topic will help broaden the view to explore new treatments and therapies for different types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabele Cristiana Iser
- Department of Basics Health Sciences and Laboratory of Cell Biology, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Samlai Vedovatto
- Department of Biophysics and Center of Biotechnology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Dittrich Oliveira
- Department of Biophysics and Center of Biotechnology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Liziane Raquel Beckenkamp
- Department of Basics Health Sciences and Laboratory of Cell Biology, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Guido Lenz
- Department of Biophysics and Center of Biotechnology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Márcia Rosângela Wink
- Department of Basics Health Sciences and Laboratory of Cell Biology, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Rizzo A, Massafra R, Fanizzi A, Rinaldi L, Cusmai A, Latorre A, Zaccaria GM, Ronchi M, Telegrafo M, Gadaleta-Caldarola G, Giotta F, Lorusso V, Palmiotti G. Adenosine pathway inhibitors: novel investigational agents for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2022; 31:707-713. [DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2022.2078191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Rizzo
- Struttura Semplice Dipartimentale di Oncologia Medica per la Presa in Carico Globale del Paziente Oncologico “Don Tonino Bello”, I.R.C.C.S. Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II”, Viale Orazio Flacco 65, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Raffaella Massafra
- Struttura Semplice Dipartimentale di Fisica Sanitaria, I.R.C.C.S. Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II”, Viale Orazio Flacco 65, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Annarita Fanizzi
- Struttura Semplice Dipartimentale di Fisica Sanitaria, I.R.C.C.S. Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II”, Viale Orazio Flacco 65, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Lucia Rinaldi
- Struttura Semplice Dipartimentale di Oncologia Medica per la Presa in Carico Globale del Paziente Oncologico “Don Tonino Bello”, I.R.C.C.S. Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II”, Viale Orazio Flacco 65, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Cusmai
- Struttura Semplice Dipartimentale di Oncologia Medica per la Presa in Carico Globale del Paziente Oncologico “Don Tonino Bello”, I.R.C.C.S. Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II”, Viale Orazio Flacco 65, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Agnese Latorre
- Unità Operativa Complessa di Oncologia Medica, I.R.C.C.S. Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II”, Viale Orazio Flacco 65, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Gian Maria Zaccaria
- Unit of Hematology and Cell Therapy, IRCCS-Istituto Tumori ‘Giovanni Paolo II’, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Ronchi
- Struttura Semplice Dipartimentale di Oncologia Medica per la Presa in Carico Globale del Paziente Oncologico “Don Tonino Bello”, I.R.C.C.S. Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II”, Viale Orazio Flacco 65, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Michele Telegrafo
- DETO, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantations, Breast Care Unit, Aldo Moro University of Bari Medical School, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Gennaro Gadaleta-Caldarola
- Medical Oncology Unit, ‘Mons. R. Dimiccoli’ Hospital, Barletta (BT), Azienda Sanitaria Locale Barletta, 76121, Italy
| | - Francesco Giotta
- Unità Operativa Complessa di Oncologia Medica, I.R.C.C.S. Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II”, Viale Orazio Flacco 65, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Vito Lorusso
- Unità Operativa Complessa di Oncologia Medica, I.R.C.C.S. Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II”, Viale Orazio Flacco 65, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Gennaro Palmiotti
- Struttura Semplice Dipartimentale di Oncologia Medica per la Presa in Carico Globale del Paziente Oncologico “Don Tonino Bello”, I.R.C.C.S. Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II”, Viale Orazio Flacco 65, 70124 Bari, Italy
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Immunogenic cell death and its therapeutic or prognostic potential in high-grade glioma. Genes Immun 2022; 23:1-11. [PMID: 35046546 PMCID: PMC8866117 DOI: 10.1038/s41435-021-00161-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Immunogenic cell death (ICD) has emerged as a key component of therapy-induced anti-tumor immunity. Over the past few years, ICD was found to play a pivotal role in a wide variety of novel and existing treatment modalities. The clinical application of these techniques in cancer treatment is still in its infancy. Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most lethal primary brain tumor with a dismal prognosis despite maximal therapy. The development of new therapies in this aggressive type of tumors remains highly challenging partially due to the cold tumor immune environment. GBM could therefore benefit from ICD-based therapies stimulating the anti-tumor immune response. In what follows, we will describe the mechanisms behind ICD and the ICD-based (pre)clinical advances in anticancer therapies focusing on GBM.
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Muñoz-López S, Sánchez-Melgar A, Martín M, Albasanz JL. Resveratrol enhances A 1 and hinders A 2A adenosine receptors signaling in both HeLa and SH-SY5Y cells: Potential mechanism of its antitumoral action. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1007801. [PMID: 36407311 PMCID: PMC9669387 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1007801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite great efforts, effective treatment against cancer has not yet been found. However, natural compounds such as the polyphenol resveratrol have emerged as promising preventive agent in cancer therapy. The mode of action of resveratrol is still poorly understood, but it can modulate many signaling pathways related to the initiation and progression of cancer. Adenosinergic signaling may be involved in the antitumoral action of resveratrol since resveratrol binds to the orthosteric binding site of adenosine A2A receptors and acts as a non-selective agonist for adenosine receptors. In the present study, we measured the impact of resveratrol treatment on different adenosinergic pathway components (i.e. adenosine receptors levels, 5'-nucleotidase, adenosine deaminase, and adenylyl cyclase activities, protein kinase A levels, intracellular adenosine and other related metabolites levels) and cell viability and proliferation in HeLa and SH-SY5Y cell lines. Results revealed changes leading to turning off cAMP signaling such as decreased levels of A2A receptors and reduced adenylyl cyclase activation, increased levels of A1 receptors and increased adenylyl cyclase inhibition, and lower levels of PKA. All these changes could contribute to the antitumoral action of resveratrol. Interestingly, these effects were almost identical in HeLa and SH-SY5Y cells suggesting that resveratrol enhances A1 and hinders A2A adenosine receptors signaling as part of a potential mechanism of antitumoral action.
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Gao ZW, Liu C, Yang L, Chen HC, Yang LF, Zhang HZ, Dong K. CD73 Severed as a Potential Prognostic Marker and Promote Lung Cancer Cells Migration via Enhancing EMT Progression. Front Genet 2021; 12:728200. [PMID: 34868205 PMCID: PMC8635862 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.728200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the expression levels and prognostic value of CD73 in lung cancer. And moreover, to identify the effect and potential mechanism of CD73 on lung cancer cells proliferation and migration. CD73 expression levels in lung cancer were analyzed base on GEPIA2 and GEO database. GEPIA2 and Kaplan-Meier Plotter (KM Plotter) was used to analyzed the correlation between CD73 expression and prognosis. GEO dataset were analyzed via GEO2R. CD73 overexpression cell model was construction via recombinant lentivirus transfection into A549 and NCI-H520 cells. CCK8 assay were used to investigate cells proliferation. Migration and invasion ability were evaluated by scratch and transwell methods. Base on GEPIA2, GSE32683, GSE116959 and GSE37745 dataset, we found that CD73 expression were significant higher in tumor tissues of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) compared with that in non-tumor normal tissues and in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC), while there were no significant difference of CD73 expression between LUSC and normal control tissues. Interestingly, a high CD73 level predict poor overall survival (OS) of LUSC. However, GEPIA2 and KM plotter showed the opposite conclusion of prognostic value of CD73 in LUAD. By using cell experiments, we found that CD73 overexpression promoted proliferation and migration of LUAD A549 cells. However, there was no significant effect of CD73 overexpression on LUSC NCI-H520 cells. Furthermore, CD73 overexpression facilitates epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) progression of A549 cells. In conclusion, our results indicated that CD73 expression were increased in LUAD and might be an poor prognostic marker for LUSC patients. CD73 play an important role in LUAD cells proliferation and migration. These data allowed to support CD73 as a therapeutic target for LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Wei Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chong Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lan Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hao-Chuan Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Long-Fei Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hui-Zhong Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ke Dong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Baghbani E, Noorolyai S, Rahmani S, Shanehbandi D, Shadbad MA, Aghebati-Maleki L, Mokhtarzadeh A, Brunetti O, Fasano R, Silvestris N, Baradaran B. Silencing tumor-intrinsic CD73 enhances the chemosensitivity of NSCLC and potentiates the anti-tumoral effects of cisplatin: An in vitro study. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 145:112370. [PMID: 34862113 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Besides suppressing anti-tumoral immune responses, tumor-intrinsic inhibitory immune checkpoints have been implicated in tumor development. Herein, we aimed to investigate the significance of tumor-intrinsic CD73, as an inhibitory immune checkpoint, in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) development and propose a novel therapeutic approach. MAIN METHODS We investigated the cell viability, chemosensitivity, apoptosis, migration, and the cell cycle of A-549 and NCI-H1299 following treatment with cisplatin and CD73-small interfering RNA (siRNA) transfection. The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to study the viability of studied groups and chemosensitivity of tumoral cells. Flow cytometry and 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining were used to investigate the apoptosis of NSCLC cells. Flow cytometry and the wound-healing assay were used to investigate the cell cycle and migration of NSCLC cells, respectively. The mRNA expression levels of c-Myc, caspase 3, ROCK, and MMP-9 were investigated to study the underlying molecular mechanism. KEY FINDINGS CD73-siRNA transfection has significantly decreased the cell viability and enhanced the chemosensitivity of A-549 and NCI-H1299 cells to cisplatin. CD73-siRNA has considerably stimulated apoptosis, arrested the cell cycle, inhibited tumor migration, downregulated the mRNA expression of c-Myc, MMP-9, and ROCK, and upregulated caspase 3 expression in NSCLC cells. Besides, combined cisplatin therapy with CD73-siRNA transfection has potentiated the aforementioned anti-tumoral effects of cisplatin on NSCLC cells. SIGNIFICANCE Besides suppressing anti-tumoral immune responses, tumor-intrinsic CD73 can facilitate NSCLC development, and the combined cisplatin therapy with CD73-siRNA transfection can substantially enhance the chemosensitivity of NSCLC to cisplatin and potentiates cisplatin-induced anti-tumoral effects on NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Baghbani
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saeed Noorolyai
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shima Rahmani
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Dariush Shanehbandi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahdi Abdoli Shadbad
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Ahad Mokhtarzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Oronzo Brunetti
- Medical Oncology Unit-IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II" of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Rossella Fasano
- Medical Oncology Unit-IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II" of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Nicola Silvestris
- Medical Oncology Unit-IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II" of Bari, Bari, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology DIMO-University of Bari, Bari, Italy.
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Kopecka J, Salaroglio IC, Perez-Ruiz E, Sarmento-Ribeiro AB, Saponara S, De Las Rivas J, Riganti C. Hypoxia as a driver of resistance to immunotherapy. Drug Resist Updat 2021; 59:100787. [PMID: 34840068 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2021.100787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia, a hallmark of solid tumors, determines the selection of invasive and aggressive malignant clones displaying resistance to radiotherapy, conventional chemotherapy or targeted therapy. The recent introduction of immunotherapy, based on immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPIs) and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells, has markedly transformed the prognosis in some tumors but also revealed the existence of intrinsic or acquired drug resistance. In the current review we highlight hypoxia as a culprit of immunotherapy failure. Indeed, multiple metabolic cross talks between tumor and stromal cells determine the prevalence of immunosuppressive populations within the hypoxic tumor microenvironment and confer upon tumor cells resistance to ICPIs and CAR T-cells. Notably, hypoxia-triggered angiogenesis causes immunosuppression, adding another piece to the puzzle of hypoxia-induced immunoresistance. If these factors concurrently contribute to the resistance to immunotherapy, they also unveil an unexpected Achille's heel of hypoxic tumors, providing the basis for innovative combination therapies that may rescue the efficacy of ICPIs and CAR T-cells. Although these treatments reveal both a bright side and a dark side in terms of efficacy and safety in clinical trials, they represent the future solution to enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy against hypoxic and therapy-resistant solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elizabeth Perez-Ruiz
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica Intercentros de Oncología Médica, Hospitales Universitarios Regional y Virgen de la Victoria, IBIMA, Málaga, Spain
| | - Ana Bela Sarmento-Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Oncobiology and Hematology and University Clinic of Hematology and Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research - Group of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (iCBR/CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (FMUC), Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB) and Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Javier De Las Rivas
- Cancer Research Center (CiC-IBMCC, CSIC/USAL/IBSAL), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), University of Salamanca (USAL), and Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
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Is the regulation by miRNAs of NTPDase1 and ecto-5'-nucleotidase genes involved with the different profiles of breast cancer subtypes? Purinergic Signal 2021; 18:123-133. [PMID: 34741235 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-021-09824-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is a public health problem worldwide, causing suffering and premature death among women. As a heterogeneous disease, BC-specific diagnosis and treatment are challenging. Ectonucleotidases are related to tumor development and their expression may vary among BC. miRNAs may participate in epigenetic events and may regulate ectonucleotidases in BC. This study aimed to evaluate the expression of ectonucleotidases according to BC subtypes and to predict if there is post-transcriptional regulation of them by miRNAs. MCF 10A (non-tumorigenic), MCF7 (luminal BC), and MDA-MB-231 (triple-negative BC - TNBC) breast cell lines were used and ENTPD1 (the gene encoding for NTPDase1) and NT5E (the gene encoding for ecto-5'-nucleotidase) gene expression was determined. Interestingly, the expression of ENTPD1 was only observed in MCF7 and NT5E was lower in MCF7 compared to MDA-MB-231 cell line. ATP, ADP, and AMP hydrolysis were observed on the surface of all cell lines, being higher in MDA-MB-231. Like qPCR, the activity of AMP hydrolysis was also lower in the MCF7 cells, which may represent a striking feature of this BC subtype. In silico analyses confirmed that the miRNAs miR-101-3p, miR-141-3p, and miR-340-5p were higher expressed in MCF7 cells and targeted NT5E mRNA. Altogether, data suggest that the regulation of NT5E by miRNAs in MCF7 lineage may direct the molecular profile of luminal BC. Thus, we suggest that the roles of ecto-5'-nucleotidase and the aforementioned miRNAs must be unraveled in TNBC to be possibly defined as diagnostic and therapeutic targets.
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Williams MM, Hafeez SA, Christenson JL, O’Neill KI, Hammond NG, Richer JK. Reversing an Oncogenic Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition Program in Breast Cancer Reveals Actionable Immune Suppressive Pathways. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14111122. [PMID: 34832904 PMCID: PMC8622696 DOI: 10.3390/ph14111122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Approval of checkpoint inhibitors for treatment of metastatic triple negative breast cancer (mTNBC) has opened the door for the use of immunotherapies against this disease. However, not all patients with mTNBC respond to current immunotherapy approaches such as checkpoint inhibitors. Recent evidence demonstrates that TNBC metastases are more immune suppressed than primary tumors, suggesting that combination or additional immunotherapy strategies may be required to activate an anti-tumor immune attack at metastatic sites. To identify other immune suppressive mechanisms utilized by mTNBC, our group and others manipulated oncogenic epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) programs in TNBC models to reveal differences between this breast cancer subtype and its more epithelial counterpart. This review will discuss how EMT modulation revealed several mechanisms, including tumor cell metabolism, cytokine milieu and secretion of additional immune modulators, by which mTNBC cells may suppress both the innate and adaptive anti-tumor immune responses. Many of these pathways/proteins are under preclinical or clinical investigation as therapeutic targets in mTNBC and other advanced cancers to enhance their response to chemotherapy and/or checkpoint inhibitors.
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Cao X, Zhu Z, Cao Y, Hu J, Min M. CD73 is a hypoxia-responsive gene and promotes the Warburg effect of human gastric cancer cells dependent on its enzyme activity. J Cancer 2021; 12:6372-6382. [PMID: 34659527 PMCID: PMC8489133 DOI: 10.7150/jca.62387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The Warburg effect is closely associated with malignant phenotypes and poor prognosis in gastric cancer. CD73 is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchored cell surface protein that functions as an oncogene in a variety of human cancers. However, the relationship between CD73 and the Warburg effect has yet to be fully understood. Methods: Integrative analysis was performed to identify glycolysis-related genes in gastric cancer. Loss-of-function and gain-of-function are performed to demonstrate the roles of CD73 in gastric cancer cell proliferation and glycolysis. Cell biological, molecular, and biochemical approaches are used to uncover the underlying mechanism. Results: In this study, we find that CD73 is a glycolysis-associated gene and is induced by hypoxia in gastric cancer. Genetic silencing of CD73 reduces gastric cancer cell proliferation and glycolytic ability. Opposite effects were observed by CD73 overexpression. Importantly, pharmacological inhibition of CD73 activity by APCP inhibits tumor growth, which can be largely compromised by the addition of adenosine, suggesting an enzyme activity-dependent effect of CD73 in gastric cancer. Furthermore, hijacking tumor glycolysis by 2-DG or galactose largely abrogated the oncogenic roles of CD73, indicating that CD73 promotes tumor growth in a glycolysis-dependent manner in gastric cancer. By the subcutaneous xenograft model, we confirmed the promotive roles of CD73 in regulating cell proliferation and glycolysis in gastric cancer. Conclusions: This study provides strong evidence of the involvement of CD73 in the Warburg effect and indicates that it could be a novel antitumor strategy to target tumor metabolism in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopeng Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ziman Zhu
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-biliary Surgery, the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Cao
- Department of Global Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, the George Washington University, Washington DC, USA
| | - Jia Hu
- Department of Oncology, the Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Min Min
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Reyna-Jeldes M, Díaz-Muñoz M, Madariaga JA, Coddou C, Vázquez-Cuevas FG. Autocrine and paracrine purinergic signaling in the most lethal types of cancer. Purinergic Signal 2021; 17:345-370. [PMID: 33982134 PMCID: PMC8410929 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-021-09785-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer comprises a collection of diseases that occur in almost any tissue and it is characterized by an abnormal and uncontrolled cell growth that results in tumor formation and propagation to other tissues, causing tissue and organ malfunction and death. Despite the undeniable improvement in cancer diagnostics and therapy, there is an urgent need for new therapeutic and preventive strategies with improved efficacy and fewer side effects. In this context, purinergic signaling emerges as an interesting candidate as a cancer biomarker or therapeutic target. There is abundant evidence that tumor cells have significant changes in the expression of purinergic receptors, which comprise the G-protein coupled P2Y and AdoR families of receptors and the ligand-gated ion channel P2X receptors. Tumor cells also exhibit changes in the expression of nucleotidases and other enzymes involved in nucleotide metabolism, and the concentrations of extracellular nucleotides are significantly higher than those observed in normal cells. In this review, we will focus on the potential role of purinergic signaling in the ten most lethal cancers (lung, breast, colorectal, liver, stomach, prostate, cervical, esophagus, pancreas, and ovary), which together are responsible for more than 5 million annual deaths.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Reyna-Jeldes
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo, Chile
- Millennium Nucleus for the Study of Pain (MiNuSPain), Santiago, Chile
- Núcleo para el Estudio del Cáncer a nivel Básico, Aplicado y Clínico, Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - M Díaz-Muñoz
- Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, Querétaro, México
| | - J A Madariaga
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo, Chile
- Núcleo para el Estudio del Cáncer a nivel Básico, Aplicado y Clínico, Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - C Coddou
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo, Chile.
- Millennium Nucleus for the Study of Pain (MiNuSPain), Santiago, Chile.
- Núcleo para el Estudio del Cáncer a nivel Básico, Aplicado y Clínico, Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta, Chile.
| | - F G Vázquez-Cuevas
- Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, Querétaro, México.
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CD73 Promotes Tumor Progression in Patients with Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13163982. [PMID: 34439161 PMCID: PMC8393769 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13163982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The immune system plays important roles in antitumor activities. However, increasing evidence shows that tumor cells develop several mechanisms to escape the immune attack, resulting in immunosuppression. One of the most important immunosuppressive pathways is the CD73-adenosinergic pathway. In addition, this pathway participates in the development of cancer, including tumor cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and anti-inflammation mechanisms. Moreover, CD73 can mediate the invasion and metastasis of tumor cells via the regulation of cell interactions with the extracellular matrix components. Therefore, overcoming immunosuppression to restore the antitumor functions of T cells may be explored as a potential treatment strategy. Overexpression of CD73 promotes the malignant properties of cancers and is associated with specific clinical characteristics and worse prognosis in many types of cancers. The current study is the first to investigate the role of CD73 in determining the clinical outcomes of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Abstract Cluster of differentiation (CD)-73 plays pivotal roles in the regulation of immune reactions via the production of extracellular adenosine, and the overexpression of CD73 is associated with worse outcomes in several types of cancers. Here, we identified 167 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients who underwent esophagectomy, including 64 and 103 patients with high and low expression levels of CD73, respectively. Univariate and multivariate analyses showed high expression of CD73 was an independent prognostic factor for worse disease-free survival and overall survival. In addition, we selected another cohort consisting of 38 ESCC patients receiving nivolumab or pembrolizumab and found that treatment response and survival benefit to immunotherapy were strongly correlated with the expression levels of CD73/programmed death ligand 1. Moreover, the transwell assay revealed knockdown of CD73 in two ESCC cell lines, TE1 and KYSE30, exhibited significantly reduced abilities of cell invasion and migration. CD73 silencing also showed that the protein expression levels of CD73, vimentin, and snail were downregulated, while those of E-cadherin were upregulated in Western blotting. The findings of our study indicate CD73 may be an independent prognostic factor for ESCC patients who underwent esophagectomy. Furthermore, it may be associated with the patient responses to immunotherapy.
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Nocentini A, Capasso C, Supuran CT. Small-molecule CD73 inhibitors for the immunotherapy of cancer: a patent and literature review (2017-present). Expert Opin Ther Pat 2021; 31:867-876. [PMID: 33909515 DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2021.1923694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hydrolysis of AMP to adenosine and inorganic phosphate is catalyzed by 5´-ectonucleotidase, e5NT, alias CD73, a metalloenzyme incorporating two zinc ions at its active site. e5NT is involved in crucial physiological and pathological processes, such as immune ho meostasis, inflammation, and tumor progression. CD73 inhibitors belonging to the monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) and small molecules started to be considered as candidates for the immunotherapy of tumors. AREAS COVERED We review the drug design landscape in the scientific and patent literature on CD73 inhibitors from 2017 to the present. Small-molecule inhibitors were mostly discussed, although the MAbs are also considered. EXPERT OPINION Considerable advances have been reported in the design of nucleotide/nucleoside-based CD73 inhibitors, after the X-ray crystal structure of the enzyme in complex with the non-hydrolyzable ADP analog, adenosine (α,β)-methylene diphosphate (AMPCP), was reported. A large number of highly effective such inhibitors are now available, through modifications of the nucleobase, sugar and zinc-binding groups of the lead. Few classes of non-nucleotide inhibitors were also reported, including flavones, anthraquinone ssulfonates, and primary sulfonamides. A highly potent ssmall-molecule CD73 inhibitor, AB680, is presently in the early phase of clinical trials as immunotherapeutic agents against various types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Nocentini
- Dipartimento Neurofarba, Sezione Di Scienze Farmaceutiche E Nutraceutiche, Università Degli Studi Di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy
| | - Clemente Capasso
- Department of Biology, Agriculture and Food Sciences, CNR, Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, Napoli, Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Dipartimento Neurofarba, Sezione Di Scienze Farmaceutiche E Nutraceutiche, Università Degli Studi Di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy
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