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Somabattini RA, Sherin S, Siva B, Chowdhury N, Nanjappan SK. Unravelling the complexities of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: The role of metabolism, transporters, and herb-drug interactions. Life Sci 2024; 351:122806. [PMID: 38852799 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a mainstream halting liver disease with high prevalence in North America, Europe, and other world regions. It is an advanced form of NAFLD caused by the amassing of fat in the liver and can progress to the more severe form known as non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Until recently, there was no authorized pharmacotherapy reported for NASH, and to improve the patient's metabolic syndrome, the focus is mainly on lifestyle modification, weight loss, ensuring a healthy diet, and increased physical activity; however, the recent approval of Rezdiffra (Resmetirom) by the US FDA may change this narrative. As per the reported studies, there is an increased articulation of uptake and efflux transporters of the liver, including OATP and MRP, in NASH, leading to changes in the drug's pharmacokinetic properties. This increase leads to alterations in the pharmacokinetic properties of drugs. Furthermore, modifications in Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes can have a significant impact on these properties. Xenobiotics are metabolized primarily in the liver and constitute liver enzymes and transporters. This review aims to delve into the role of metabolism, transport, and potential herb-drug interactions in the context of NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Adinarayan Somabattini
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Kolkata, Chunilal Bhawan, 168, Maniktala Main Road, Kolkata 700054, West Bengal, India
| | - Sahla Sherin
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Kolkata, Chunilal Bhawan, 168, Maniktala Main Road, Kolkata 700054, West Bengal, India
| | - Bhukya Siva
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Kolkata, Chunilal Bhawan, 168, Maniktala Main Road, Kolkata 700054, West Bengal, India
| | - Neelanjan Chowdhury
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Kolkata, Chunilal Bhawan, 168, Maniktala Main Road, Kolkata 700054, West Bengal, India
| | - Satheesh Kumar Nanjappan
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Kolkata, Chunilal Bhawan, 168, Maniktala Main Road, Kolkata 700054, West Bengal, India.
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Zheng Z, Yang S, Dai W, Xue P, Sun Y, Wang J, Zhang X, Lin J, Kong J. The role of pyroptosis in metabolism and metabolic disease. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 176:116863. [PMID: 38850650 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Pyroptosis is a lytic and pro-inflammatory form of regulated cell death characterized by the formation of membrane pores mediated by the gasdermin protein family. Two main activation pathways have been documented: the caspase-1-dependent canonical pathway and the caspase-4/5/11-dependent noncanonical pathway. Pyroptosis leads to cell swelling, lysis, and the subsequent release of inflammatory mediators, including interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-18 (IL-18). Chronic inflammation is a well-established foundation and driver for the development of metabolic diseases. Conversely, metabolic pathway dysregulation can also induce cellular pyroptosis. Recent studies have highlighted the significant role of pyroptosis modulation in various metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, and metabolic (dysfunction) associated fatty liver disease. These findings suggest that pyroptosis may serve as a promising novel therapeutic target for metabolic diseases. This paper reviews an in-depth study of the current advancements in understanding the role of pyroptosis in the progression of metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuyuan Zheng
- Biliary Surgery (2nd General) Unit, Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, PR China
| | - Shaojie Yang
- Biliary Surgery (2nd General) Unit, Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, PR China
| | - Wanlin Dai
- Innovation Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, PR China
| | - Pengwei Xue
- Biliary Surgery (2nd General) Unit, Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, PR China
| | - Yang Sun
- Biliary Surgery (2nd General) Unit, Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, PR China
| | - Jingnan Wang
- Biliary Surgery (2nd General) Unit, Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, PR China
| | - Xiaolin Zhang
- Biliary Surgery (2nd General) Unit, Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, PR China
| | - Jiang Lin
- Biliary Surgery (2nd General) Unit, Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, PR China
| | - Jing Kong
- Biliary Surgery (2nd General) Unit, Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, PR China.
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Torre A, Martínez‐Sánchez FD, Narvaez‐Chávez SM, Herrera‐Islas MA, Aguilar‐Salinas CA, Córdova‐Gallardo J. Pirfenidone use in fibrotic diseases: What do we know so far? Immun Inflamm Dis 2024; 12:e1335. [PMID: 38967367 PMCID: PMC11225083 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pirfenidone has demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic effects in both animal models and some clinical trials. Its potential for antifibrotic activity positions it as a promising candidate for the treatment of various fibrotic diseases. Pirfenidone exerts several pleiotropic and anti-inflammatory effects through different molecular pathways, attenuating multiple inflammatory processes, including the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, apoptosis, and fibroblast activation. OBJECTIVE To present the current evidence of pirfenidone's effects on several fibrotic diseases, with a focus on its potential as a therapeutic option for managing chronic fibrotic conditions. FINDINGS Pirfenidone has been extensively studied for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, showing a favorable impact and forming part of the current treatment regimen for this disease. Additionally, pirfenidone appears to have beneficial effects on similar fibrotic diseases such as interstitial lung disease, myocardial fibrosis, glomerulopathies, aberrant skin scarring, chronic liver disease, and other fibrotic disorders. CONCLUSION Given the increasing incidence of chronic fibrotic conditions, pirfenidone emerges as a potential therapeutic option for these patients. However, further clinical trials are necessary to confirm its therapeutic efficacy in various fibrotic diseases. This review aims to highlight the current evidence of pirfenidone's effects in multiple fibrotic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldo Torre
- Metabolic UnitInstituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición “Salvador Zubiran”Mexico CityMexico
| | - Froylan David Martínez‐Sánchez
- Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoMexico CityMexico
- Department of Internal MedicineHospital General “Dr. Manuel Gea González”Mexico CityMexico
| | | | | | | | - Jacqueline Córdova‐Gallardo
- Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoMexico CityMexico
- Department of HepatologyHospital General “Dr. Manuel Gea González”Mexico CityMexico
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Sun YD, Zhang H, Li YM, Han JJ. Abnormal metabolism in hepatic stellate cells: Pandora's box of MAFLD related hepatocellular carcinoma. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2024; 1879:189086. [PMID: 38342420 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2024.189086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a significant risk factor for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), as key mediators in liver injury response, are believed to play a crucial role in the repair process of liver injury. However, in MAFLD patients, the normal metabolic and immunoregulatory mechanisms of HSCs become disrupted, leading to disturbances in the local microenvironment. Abnormally activated HSCs are heavily involved in the initiation and progression of HCC. The metabolic disorders and abnormal activation of HSCs not only initiate liver fibrosis but also contribute to carcinogenesis. In this review, we provide an overview of recent research progress on the relationship between the abnormal metabolism of HSCs and the local immune system in the liver, elucidating the mechanisms of immune imbalance caused by abnormally activated HSCs in MAFLD patients. Based on this understanding, we discuss the potential and challenges of metabolic-based and immunology-based mechanisms in the treatment of MAFLD-related HCC, with a specific focus on the role of HSCs in HCC progression and their potential as targets for anti-cancer therapy. This review aims to enhance researchers' understanding of the importance of HSCs in maintaining normal liver function and highlights the significance of HSCs in the progression of MAFLD-related HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Dong Sun
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute Affiliated Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute Affiliated Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, China
| | - Yuan-Min Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, China
| | - Jian-Jun Han
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute Affiliated Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, China.
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Mahmoudi A, Butler AE, De Vincentis A, Jamialahmadi T, Sahebkar A. Microarray-based Detection of Critical Overexpressed Genes in the Progression of Hepatic Fibrosis in Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Protein-protein Interaction Network Analysis. Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:3631-3652. [PMID: 37194229 DOI: 10.2174/0929867330666230516123028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a prevalent cause of chronic liver disease and encompasses a broad spectrum of disorders, including simple steatosis, steatohepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and liver cancer. However, due to the global epidemic of NAFLD, where invasive liver biopsy is the gold standard for diagnosis, it is necessary to identify a more practical method for early NAFLD diagnosis with useful therapeutic targets; as such, molecular biomarkers could most readily serve these aims. To this end, we explored the hub genes and biological pathways in fibrosis progression in NAFLD patients. METHODS Raw data from microarray chips with GEO accession GSE49541 were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, and the R package (Affy and Limma) was applied to investigate differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in the progress of low- (mild 0-1 fibrosis score) to high- (severe 3-4 fibrosis score) fibrosis stage NAFLD patients. Subsequently, significant DEGs with pathway enrichment were analyzed, including gene ontology (GO), KEGG and Wikipathway. In order to then explore critical genes, the protein-protein interaction network (PPI) was established and visualized using the STRING database, with further analysis undertaken using Cytoscape and Gephi software. Survival analysis was undertaken to determine the overall survival of the hub genes in the progression of NAFLD to hepatocellular carcinoma. RESULTS A total of 311 significant genes were identified, with an expression of 278 being upregulated and 33 downregulated in the high vs. low group. Gene functional enrichment analysis of these significant genes demonstrated major involvement in extracellular matrix (ECM)-receptor interaction, protein digestion and absorption, and the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway. The PPI network was constructed with 196 nodes and 572 edges with PPI enrichment using a p-value < 1.0 e-16. Based on this cut-off, we identified 12 genes with the highest score in four centralities: Degree, Betweenness, Closeness, and Eigenvector. Those twelve hub genes were CD34, THY1, CFTR, COL3A1, COL1A1, COL1A2, SPP1, THBS1, THBS2, LUM, VCAN, and VWF. Four of these hub genes, namely CD34, VWF, SPP1, and VCAN, showed significant association with the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. CONCLUSION This PPI network analysis of DEGs identified critical hub genes involved in the progression of fibrosis and the biological pathways through which they exert their effects in NAFLD patients. Those 12 genes offer an excellent opportunity for further focused research to determine potential targets for therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Mahmoudi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Antonio De Vincentis
- Unit of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo 200, Rome 00128, Italy
| | - Tannaz Jamialahmadi
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Teworte S, Aleandri S, Weber JR, Carone M, Luciani P. Mucoadhesive 3D printed vaginal ovules to treat endometriosis and fibrotic uterine diseases. Eur J Pharm Sci 2023; 188:106501. [PMID: 37339708 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2023.106501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Gynaecological health is a neglected field of research that includes conditions such as endometriosis, uterine fibroids, infertility, viral and bacterial infections, and cancers. There is a clinical need to develop dosage forms for gynecological diseases that increase efficacy and reduce side effects and explore new materials with properties tailored to the vaginal mucosa and milieu. Here, we developed a 3D printed semisolid vaginal ovule containing pirfenidone, a repurposed drug candidate for endometriosis. Vaginal drug delivery allows direct targeting of the reproductive organs via the first uterine pass effect, but vaginal dosage forms can be challenging to self-administer and retain in situ for periods of more than 1-3 h. We show that a semisoft alginate-based vaginal suppository manufactured using semisolid extrusion additive manufacturing is superior to vaginal ovules made using standard excipients. The 3D-printed ovule showed a controlled release profile of pirfenidone in vitro in standard and biorelevant release tests, as well as better mucoadhesive properties ex vivo. An exposure time of 24 h of pirfenidone to a monolayer culture of an endometriotic epithelial cell line, 12Z, is necessary to reduce the cells' metabolic activity, which demonstrates the need for a sustained release formulation of pirfenidone. 3D printing allowed us to formulate mucoadhesive polymers into a semisolid ovule with controlled release of pirfenidone. This work enables further preclinical and clinical studies into vaginally administered pirfenidone to assess its efficacy as a repurposed endometriosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Teworte
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, Bern 3012, Switzerland
| | - Simone Aleandri
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, Bern 3012, Switzerland
| | - Jessica R Weber
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, Bern 3012, Switzerland
| | - Marianna Carone
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, Bern 3012, Switzerland
| | - Paola Luciani
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, Bern 3012, Switzerland.
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Yang S, Zhang R, Deng W, Chang S, Li Y, Li S. Pirfenidone ameliorates liver steatosis by targeting the STAT3-SCD1 axis. Inflamm Res 2023; 72:1773-1787. [PMID: 37659014 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-023-01776-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous studies reported that pirfenidone (PFD) is associated with liver disease. However, the effects of pirfenidone on energy metabolism and hepatic lipid accumulation are still poorly understood. METHODS In this study, C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into two groups, and fed a normal chow diet (NCD) or a high-fat diet (HFD) for 16 weeks. At the end of the eighth week, half of the mice fed on both diets were treated with PFD. Biochemical and lipid metabolism-related indices were analyzed. Furthermore, Hepa 1-6 cells and mouse primary hepatocytes (MPHs) were incubated with PFD with or without free fatty acid (FFA) treatment. Then, stattic (a p-STAT3 inhibitor) or Ad-shSTAT3 was used to further elucidate the effects of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling on PFD regulation of hepatic steatosis. RESULTS PFD ameliorated obesity and hepatic lipid deposition in HFD mice by decreasing stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) expression and upregulating p-STAT3 in the liver. In Hepa 1-6 cells and MPHs, PFD also down-regulated the expression of SCD1. STAT3 inhibition treatment eliminated the benefits of PFD on both SCD1 and hepatic steatosis. CONCLUSION In summary, our data reveal that PFD may play an important role in mitigating hepatic steatosis in a STAT3-SCD1-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Renzi Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenzhen Deng
- Department of Endocrinology, Qianjiang Central Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, 409000, China
| | - Shichuan Chang
- Oncology Department, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing, 404000, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Sheng Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Chen Y, Wang W, Morgan MP, Robson T, Annett S. Obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma: current status and therapeutic targets. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1148934. [PMID: 37361533 PMCID: PMC10286797 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1148934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a global epidemic and overwhelming evidence indicates that it is a risk factor for numerous cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Obesity-associated hepatic tumorigenesis develops from nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), progressing to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), cirrhosis and ultimately to HCC. The rising incidence of obesity is resulting in an increased prevalence of NAFLD and NASH, and subsequently HCC. Obesity represents an increasingly important underlying etiology of HCC, in particular as the other leading causes of HCC such as hepatitis infection, are declining due to effective treatments and vaccines. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the molecular mechanisms and cellular signaling pathways involved in the pathogenesis of obesity-associated HCC. We summarize the preclinical experimental animal models available to study the features of NAFLD/NASH/HCC, and the non-invasive methods to diagnose NAFLD, NASH and early-stage HCC. Finally, since HCC is an aggressive tumor with a 5-year survival of less than 20%, we will also discuss novel therapeutic targets for obesity-associated HCC and ongoing clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinshuang Chen
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Weipeng Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Maria P. Morgan
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Tracy Robson
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Stephanie Annett
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
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Wan Y, Slevin E, Koyama S, Huang CK, Shetty AK, Li X, Harrison K, Li T, Zhou B, Lorenzo SR, Zhang Y, Salinas JM, Xu W, Klaunig JE, Wu C, Tsukamoto H, Meng F. miR-34a regulates macrophage-associated inflammation and angiogenesis in alcohol-induced liver injury. Hepatol Commun 2023; 7:e0089. [PMID: 37026704 PMCID: PMC10079357 DOI: 10.1097/hc9.0000000000000089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) is a syndrome of progressive inflammatory liver injury and vascular remodeling associated with long-term heavy intake of ethanol. Elevated miR-34a expression, macrophage activation, and liver angiogenesis in ALD and their correlation with the degree of inflammation and fibrosis have been reported. The current study aims to characterize the functional role of miR-34a-regulated macrophage- associated angiogenesis during ALD. METHODS RESULTS We identified that knockout of miR-34a in 5 weeks of ethanol-fed mice significantly decreased the total liver histopathology score and miR-34a expression, along with the inhibited liver inflammation and angiogenesis by reduced macrophage infiltration and CD31/VEGF-A expression. Treatment of murine macrophages (RAW 264.7) with lipopolysaccharide (20 ng/mL) for 24 h significantly increased miR-34a expression, along with the enhanced M1/M2 phenotype changes and reduced Sirt1 expression. Silencing of miR-34a significantly increased oxygen consumption rate (OCR) in ethanol treated macrophages, and decreased lipopolysaccharide-induced activation of M1 phenotypes in cultured macrophages by upregulation of Sirt1. Furthermore, the expressions of miR-34a and its target Sirt1, macrophage polarization, and angiogenic phenotypes were significantly altered in isolated macrophages from ethanol-fed mouse liver specimens compared to controls. TLR4/miR-34a knockout mice and miR-34a Morpho/AS treated mice displayed less sensitivity to alcohol-associated injury, along with the enhanced Sirt1 and M2 markers in isolated macrophages, as well as reduced angiogenesis and hepatic expressions of inflammation markers MPO, LY6G, CXCL1, and CXCL2. CONCLUSION Our results show that miR-34a-mediated Sirt1 signaling in macrophages is essential for steatohepatitis and angiogenesis during alcohol-induced liver injury. These findings provide new insight into the function of microRNA-regulated liver inflammation and angiogenesis and the implications for reversing steatohepatitis with potential therapeutic benefits in human alcohol-associated liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wan
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Elise Slevin
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Sachiko Koyama
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Chiung-Kuei Huang
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Ashok K Shetty
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M College of Medicine, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Xuedong Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Kelly Harrison
- Department of Transplant Surgery, Baylor Scott & White Memorial Hospital, Temple, Texas, USA
| | - Tian Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Bingru Zhou
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
| | | | - Yudian Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jennifer Mata Salinas
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Wenjuan Xu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - James E. Klaunig
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Laboratory of Investigative Toxicology and Pathology, Indiana School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | - Chaodong Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Hidekazu Tsukamoto
- Southern California Research Center for ALPD and Cirrhosis and Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Greater Los Angeles VA Health care System, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Fanyin Meng
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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Chen X, Wu R, Wu H, Hu Y, Wang H, Fu J, Pi J, Xu Y. Integrated miRNA-mRNA analysis reveals the dysregulation of lipid metabolism in mouse liver induced by developmental arsenic exposure. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 445:130459. [PMID: 36463740 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Developmental arsenic exposure leads to increased susceptibility to liver diseases including nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases, but the mechanism is incompletely understood. In this study, C57BL/6J mice were used to establish a lifetime arsenic exposure model covering developmental stage. We found that arsenic-exposed offspring in later life showed hepatic lipid deposition and increased triglyceride content. Despite no significant hepatic pathological changes in the offspring at weaning, 86 miRNAs and 136 mRNAs were differentially expressed according to miRNA array and mRNA sequencing. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were crossed with the target genes predicted by differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs), and 47 differentially expressed target genes (DETGs) were obtained. Functional annotation suggested that lipid metabolism related pathways were significantly enriched. The pivotal regulator in the four major pathways to maintain liver lipid homeostasis were further determined, with significant alterations found in FABP5, SREBP1, ACOX1 and EHHADH. Of note, miRNA-mRNA integration analysis revealed that miR-7118-5p, miR-7050-5p, miR-27a/b-3p, and miR-103-3p acted as key regulators of fatty acid metabolism genes. Taken together, miRNA-mRNA integration analysis indicates that the lipid metabolism pathway in the liver of weaned mice was dysregulated by developmental arsenic exposure, which may contribute to the development of NAFLD in later life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Ruirui Wu
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Hengchao Wu
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yuxin Hu
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Huihui Wang
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; The Key Laboratory of Liaoning Province on Toxic and Biological Effects of Arsenic, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jingqi Fu
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jingbo Pi
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; The Key Laboratory of Liaoning Province on Toxic and Biological Effects of Arsenic, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yuanyuan Xu
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; The Key Laboratory of Liaoning Province on Toxic and Biological Effects of Arsenic, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
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11
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Wiering L, Subramanian P, Hammerich L. Hepatic Stellate Cells: Dictating Outcome in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 15:1277-1292. [PMID: 36828280 PMCID: PMC10148161 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2023.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a fast growing, chronic liver disease affecting ∼25% of the global population. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease severity ranges from the less severe simple hepatic steatosis to the more advanced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). The presence of NASH predisposes individuals to liver fibrosis, which can further progress to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. This makes hepatic fibrosis an important indicator of clinical outcomes in patients with NASH. Hepatic stellate cell activation dictates fibrosis development during NASH. Here, we discuss recent advances in the analysis of the profibrogenic pathways and mediators of hepatic stellate cell activation and inactivation, which ultimately determine the course of disease in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease/NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leke Wiering
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Campus Virchow-Klinikum and Campus Charité Mitte, Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Biomedical Innovation Academy, BIH Charité Junior Clinician Scientist Program, Berlin, Germany
| | - Pallavi Subramanian
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Linda Hammerich
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Campus Virchow-Klinikum and Campus Charité Mitte, Berlin, Germany.
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12
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Chu K, Gu J. microRNA-103a-3p promotes inflammation and fibrosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by targeting HBP1. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2022; 44:993-1003. [PMID: 35848933 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2022.2102988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a metabolic-associated disease, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) development is tightly linked to lipid accumulation, inflammatory response, and fibrosis. Our study was intended to expound the role of microRNA (miR)-103a-3p in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. METHODS First, potentially relevant genes in NAFLD were screened using microarray analysis. The expression of lipid metabolism-related, inflammatory, and liver fibrosis indicators in the serum of patients with NAFLD was analyzed. We established a NAFLD mouse model and analyzed the serum level of lipid metabolism- and inflammation-related factors and fibrosis in the liver tissues of NAFLD mice. The targeting relationship between miR-103a-3p and HBP1 was examined by dual-luciferase reporter gene assay, RT-qPCR, and Western blot. Finally, the simultaneous effects of miR-103a-3p and HBP1 knockdown on lipid metabolism, inflammatory response, and liver fibrosis in NAFLD mice were analyzed by rescue experiments. RESULTS MiR-103a-3p was upregulated in the serum of NAFLD patients and liver tissues of NAFLD mice, with increased lipid accumulation, inflammation, and liver fibrosis. HBP1 was reduced in liver tissues of NAFLD mice, and miR-103a-3p bound to and negatively regulated HBP1. Inhibition of miR-103a-3p or promotion of HBP1 improved liver function, decreased lipid accumulation, suppressed inflammatory response, and reduced liver fibrosis in NAFLD mice. Moreover, sh-HBP1 partially reversed the effect of miR-103a-3p inhibitor on NAFLD mice, leading to increased lipid accumulation, elevated inflammation, and fibrosis in the liver of mice. CONCLUSIONS miR-103a-3p inhibits the expression of HBP1, thus suppressing lipid metabolism, stimulating inflammatory responses, and promoting liver fibrosis in NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaifeng Chu
- Department of Hepatology, Suzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Suzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jie Gu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Suzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Suzhou, P.R. China
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13
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MicroRNA-122 mimic/microRNA-221 inhibitor combination as a novel therapeutic tool against hepatocellular carcinoma. Noncoding RNA Res 2022; 8:126-134. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2022.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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14
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Monraz-Méndez CA, Escutia-Gutiérrez R, Rodriguez-Sanabria JS, Galicia-Moreno M, Monroy-Ramírez HC, Sánchez-Orozco L, García-Bañuelos J, De la Rosa-Bibiano R, Santos A, Armendáriz-Borunda J, Sandoval-Rodríguez A. Moringa oleifera Improves MAFLD by Inducing Epigenetic Modifications. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14204225. [PMID: 36296907 PMCID: PMC9611907 DOI: 10.3390/nu14204225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aims. Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) encompasses a spectrum of diseases from simple steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Here, we investigated the hepatoprotective role of Moringa oleifera aqueous extract on hepatic miRNAs, genes and protein expression, as well as histological and biochemical parameters in an experimental model of NASH. Methods. Male C57BL/6J mice were fed with a high fat diet (HFD, 60% lipids, 42 gr/L sugar in water) for 16 weeks. Moringa extract was administered via gavage during the final 8 weeks. Insulin Tolerance Test (ITT) and HOMA-IR were calculated. Serum levels of insulin, resistin, leptin and PAI-1 and hepatic expression of miR-21a-5p, miR-103-3p, miR-122-5p, miR-34a-5p and SIRT1, AMPKα and SREBP1c protein were evaluated. Alpha-SMA immunohistochemistry and hematoxylin-eosin, Masson’s trichrome and sirius red staining were made. Hepatic transcriptome was analyzed using microarrays. Results. Animals treated with Moringa extract improved ITT and decreased SREBP1c hepatic protein, while SIRT1 increased. Hepatic expression of miR-21a-5p, miR-103-3p and miR-122-5p, miR34a-5p was downregulated. Hepatic histologic analysis showed in Moringa group (HF + MO) a significant decrease in inflammatory nodules, macro steatosis, fibrosis, collagen and αSMA reactivity. Analysis of hepatic transcriptome showed down expression of mRNAs implicated in DNA response to damage, endoplasmic reticulum stress, lipid biosynthesis and insulin resistance. Moringa reduced insulin resistance, de novo lipogenesis, hepatic inflammation and ER stress. Conclusions. Moringa prevented progression of liver damage in a model of NASH and improved biochemical, histological and hepatic expression of genes and miRNAs implicated in MAFLD/NASH development.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Alejandra Monraz-Méndez
- Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Rebeca Escutia-Gutiérrez
- Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Jonathan Samael Rodriguez-Sanabria
- Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Marina Galicia-Moreno
- Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Hugo Christian Monroy-Ramírez
- Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Laura Sánchez-Orozco
- Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Jesus García-Bañuelos
- Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Ricardo De la Rosa-Bibiano
- Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Arturo Santos
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina, Monterrey 64849, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Juan Armendáriz-Borunda
- Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina, Monterrey 64849, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
- Correspondence: (J.A.-B.); (A.S.-R.); Tel.: +52-3310585200 (ext. 34006) (J.A.-B. & A.S.-R.)
| | - Ana Sandoval-Rodríguez
- Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
- Correspondence: (J.A.-B.); (A.S.-R.); Tel.: +52-3310585200 (ext. 34006) (J.A.-B. & A.S.-R.)
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15
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Rodríguez-Sanabria JS, Escutia-Gutiérrez R, Rosas-Campos R, Armendáriz-Borunda JS, Sandoval-Rodríguez A. An Update in Epigenetics in Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 8:770504. [PMID: 35087844 PMCID: PMC8787199 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.770504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is characterized by hepatic steatosis accompanied by one of three features: overweight or obesity, T2DM, or lean or normal weight with evidence of metabolic dysregulation. It is distinguished by excessive fat accumulation in hepatocytes, and a decrease in the liver's ability to oxidize fats, the accumulation of ectopic fat, and the activation of proinflammatory pathways. Chronic damage will keep this pathophysiologic cycle active causing progression from hepatic steatosis to cirrhosis and eventually, hepatocarcinoma. Epigenetics affecting gene expression without altering DNA sequence allows us to study MAFLD pathophysiology from a different perspective, in which DNA methylation processes, histone modifications, and miRNAs expression have been closely associated with MAFLD progression. However, these considerations also faced us with the circumstance that modifying those epigenetics patterns might lead to MAFLD regression. Currently, epigenetics is an area of great interest because it could provide new insights in therapeutic targets and non-invasive biomarkers. This review comprises an update on the role of epigenetic patterns, as well as innovative therapeutic targets and biomarkers in MAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Samael Rodríguez-Sanabria
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, CUCS, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Rebeca Escutia-Gutiérrez
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, CUCS, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Rebeca Rosas-Campos
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, CUCS, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Juan S Armendáriz-Borunda
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, CUCS, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico.,School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Guadalajara, Zapopan, Mexico
| | - Ana Sandoval-Rodríguez
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, CUCS, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
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16
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Zhang C, Yang M. Targeting T Cell Subtypes for NAFLD and NAFLD-Related HCC Treatment: An Opinion. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:789859. [PMID: 34869507 PMCID: PMC8637206 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.789859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chunye Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
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