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Taibi M, Elbouzidi A, Haddou M, Baraich A, Loukili EH, Moubchir T, Allali A, Amine khoulati, Bellaouchi R, Asehraou A, Addi M, Salamatullah AM, Bourhia M, Siddique F, El Guerrouj B, Chaabane K. Phytochemical characterization and multifaceted bioactivity assessment of essential oil from Ptychotis verticillata Duby: Anti-diabetic, anti-tyrosinase, and anti-inflammatory activity. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29459. [PMID: 38699706 PMCID: PMC11063393 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to explore the pharmacological properties of the essential oil derived from Ptychotis verticillata Duby (PVEO), a medicinal plant native to Morocco, focusing on its antidiabetic, anti-tyrosinase, and anti-inflammatory effects. Additionally, the study aims to characterize the phytochemical composition of PVEO and evaluate its potential as a natural therapeutic alternative for various health conditions. To achieve this, phytochemical analysis was conducted using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Furthermore, in vitro assessments were conducted to investigate PVEO's antidiabetic activity by inhibiting α-amylase, xanthine oxidase, and α-glucosidase. Tests were also undertaken to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of PVEO on RAW 264.7 cells stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), as well as its efficacy as an anti-tyrosinase agent and its lipoxygenase inhibition activity. The results of the phytochemical analysis revealed that PVEO is rich in terpene compounds, with percentages of 40.35 % γ-terpinene, 22.40 % carvacrol, and 19.77 % β-cymene. Moreover, in vitro evaluations demonstrated that PVEO exhibits significant inhibitory activity against α-amylase, xanthine oxidase, and α-glucosidase, indicating promising antidiabetic, and anti-gout potential. Furthermore, PVEO showed significant anti-tyrosinase activity, with an IC50 of 27.39 ± 0.44 μg/mL, and remarkable lipoxygenase inhibition (87.33 ± 2.6 %), suggesting its candidacy for dermatoprotection. Additionally, PVEO displayed a dose-dependent capacity to attenuate the production of NO and PGE2, two inflammatory mediators implicated in various pathologies, without compromising cellular viability. The findings of this study provide a solid foundation for future research on natural therapies and the development of new drugs, highlighting the therapeutic potential of PVEO in the treatment of gout, diabetes, pigmentation disorders, and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Taibi
- Laboratoire d’Amélioration des Productions Agricoles, Biotechnologie et Environnement (LAPABE), Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed Premier, Oujda, 60000, Morocco
- Centre de L’Oriental des Sciences et Technologies de L’Eau et de L’Environnement (COSTEE), Université Mohammed Premier, Oujda, 60000, Morocco
| | - Amine Elbouzidi
- Laboratoire d’Amélioration des Productions Agricoles, Biotechnologie et Environnement (LAPABE), Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed Premier, Oujda, 60000, Morocco
- Euro-Mediterranean University of Fes (UEMF), Fes, Morocco
| | - Mounir Haddou
- Laboratoire d’Amélioration des Productions Agricoles, Biotechnologie et Environnement (LAPABE), Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed Premier, Oujda, 60000, Morocco
- Centre de L’Oriental des Sciences et Technologies de L’Eau et de L’Environnement (COSTEE), Université Mohammed Premier, Oujda, 60000, Morocco
| | - Abdellah Baraich
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Boulevard Mohamed VI, B.P. 717, Oujda, 60000, Morocco
| | | | - Tarik Moubchir
- Polyvalent Team in Research and Development, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Beni Mellal (FPBM), University Sultan Moulay Slimane (USMS), Beni Mellal, 23000, Morocco
| | - Aimad Allali
- High Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques Annex Taza, Fez, Morocco
| | - Amine khoulati
- Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université Mohammed Premier, Oujda, 60000, Morocco
| | - Reda Bellaouchi
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Boulevard Mohamed VI, B.P. 717, Oujda, 60000, Morocco
| | - Abdeslam Asehraou
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Boulevard Mohamed VI, B.P. 717, Oujda, 60000, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Addi
- Laboratoire d’Amélioration des Productions Agricoles, Biotechnologie et Environnement (LAPABE), Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed Premier, Oujda, 60000, Morocco
| | - Ahmad Mohammad Salamatullah
- Department of Food Science & Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, 11 P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Bourhia
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Natural Resources Valorization, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Zohr University, 80060, Agadir, Morocco
| | - Farhan Siddique
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, SE-60174, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Bouchra El Guerrouj
- Laboratoire d’Amélioration des Productions Agricoles, Biotechnologie et Environnement (LAPABE), Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed Premier, Oujda, 60000, Morocco
- Centre de L’Oriental des Sciences et Technologies de L’Eau et de L’Environnement (COSTEE), Université Mohammed Premier, Oujda, 60000, Morocco
| | - Khalid Chaabane
- Laboratoire d’Amélioration des Productions Agricoles, Biotechnologie et Environnement (LAPABE), Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed Premier, Oujda, 60000, Morocco
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Wen H, Zhang S, Liu Y, Hu Z, Zhu C, Zeng J, Song Z, Chen J, Xu J. Screening Universal Stress-Response Terpenoids and Their Biosynthetic Genes via Volatile and Transcriptomic Profiling in Citrus. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:351-362. [PMID: 38115585 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Volatile terpenoids accumulate in citrus and play important roles in plant defense against various stressors. However, the broad-spectrum response of terpenoid biosynthesis to ubiquitous stressors in citrus has not been comparatively investigated. In this study, volatile terpenoids were profiled under six stressors: high temperature, citrus miner, citrus red mite, citrus canker, Alternaria brown spot, and huanglongbing (HLB). Significant content changes in 15 terpenoids, including β-ocimene, were observed in more than four of the six stressors, implying their possibly universal stress-response effects. Notably, the emission of terpenoids, including β-caryophyllene, β-ocimene, and nerolidol glucoside, was significantly increased by HLB in HLB-tolerant "Shatian" pomelo leaves. The upregulation of CgTPS1 and CgTPS2 and their characterization in vivo identified them as mono- or sesquiterpenoid biosynthetic genes. This study provides a foundation for determining stress resistance mechanisms in citrus and biopesticide designations for future industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Wen
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
- Sensory Evaluation and Quality Analysis Centre of Horticultural Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Sining Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
- Sensory Evaluation and Quality Analysis Centre of Horticultural Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
- Sensory Evaluation and Quality Analysis Centre of Horticultural Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhehui Hu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
- Sensory Evaluation and Quality Analysis Centre of Horticultural Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Congyi Zhu
- Guangdong Fruit Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jiwu Zeng
- Guangdong Fruit Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Zhiqing Song
- Jiangxi Metallurgical Vocational and Technical College, Xinyu 338015, China
| | - Jiajing Chen
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
- Sensory Evaluation and Quality Analysis Centre of Horticultural Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Juan Xu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
- Sensory Evaluation and Quality Analysis Centre of Horticultural Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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Damtie D. Review of Medicinal Plants Traditionally Used to Treat Diarrhea by the People in the Amhara Region of Ethiopia. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2023; 2023:8173543. [PMID: 38044982 PMCID: PMC10693470 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8173543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Background Diarrheal illness is the second-most common cause of death in under-five children. Worldwide, it results in about 1.7 billion illnesses and 525,000 deaths among under-five children annually. It is the leading cause of malnutrition among under-five children. Different people use medicinal plants to treat diarrhea. The present study aimed to review the medicinal plants used to treat diarrhea by the people in the Amhara region and to diagnose whether the antidiarrheal activities of the medicinal plants have been confirmed by studies using animal models. Methods The author searched 21 articles from worldwide databases up to December 2022 using Boolean operators ("AND" and "OR") and the terms "ethnobotanical studies," "ethnobiology," "traditional medicine," "ethnobotanical knowledge," and "Amhara region." Results From the 21 studies reviewed, 50 plant species grouped into 28 families were reported to treat diarrhea by the people in the Amhara region. The top most used families were Lamiaceae (12%), Fabaceae (8%), Asteraceae, Cucurbitaceae, Euphorbiaceae, and Poaceae (6% each). The modes of administration of the plant parts were orally 98.88% and topically 1.12%. The different extracts of 18 (or 36%) of the medicinal plants traditionally used to treat diarrhea by the people in the Amhara region have been proven experimentally in animal models. Conclusions The people in the Amhara region use different medicinal plants to treat diarrhea. Most of them take the medicinal plants orally. The traditional claim that 60% of medicinal plants are antidiarrheal has been confirmed in in vitro studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Destaw Damtie
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
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Diksha, Singh S, Mahajan E, Sohal SK. Growth inhibitory, immunosuppressive, cytotoxic, and genotoxic effects of γ-terpinene on Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Coquillett) (Diptera: Tephritidae). Sci Rep 2023; 13:16472. [PMID: 37777624 PMCID: PMC10542352 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43499-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023] Open
Abstract
γ-Terpinene, a monoterpene widely present in essential oils of many medicinal and aromatic plants with numerous biological properties, was evaluated for its insecticidal activity against melon fruit fly, Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Coquillett). Different concentrations (5, 25, 125, 625, and 3125 ppm) of γ-terpinene along with control were fed to larvae of melon fly. The number of pupae formed and adults emerged declined significantly after treatment. Morphologically deformed adults and pupae were also observed. The developmental duration too prolonged in treated larvae. Food assimilated, mean relative growth rate, larval weight gain, and pupal weight also declined. In the larvae treated with LC30 and LC50 concentrations, there was a decline in the titers of phenoloxidase and total hemocyte count, and variations were observed in the differential hemocyte count, suggesting an immunosuppressive effect of γ-terpinene on melon fly. Both concentrations also led to an increase in the apoptotic and necrotic cells as well as decrease in the viable hemocytes in the circulating hemolymph of treated larvae. Comet parameters (tail length, % tail DNA, tail moment, and olive tail moment) of γ-terpinene fed larvae increased significantly. Given the observed effects of γ-terpinene on normal developmental and nutritional physiology, its immunosuppressive properties, and its potential for genome damage, it can be considered for incorporation into integrated pest management strategies for controlling Z. cucurbitae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diksha
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India
| | - Sumit Singh
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India
| | - Evani Mahajan
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India
| | - Satwinder Kaur Sohal
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India.
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Moiketsi BN, Makale KPP, Rantong G, Rahube TO, Makhzoum A. Potential of Selected African Medicinal Plants as Alternative Therapeutics against Multi-Drug-Resistant Bacteria. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2605. [PMID: 37892979 PMCID: PMC10604549 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is considered a "One-Health" problem, impacting humans, animals, and the environment. The problem of the rapid development and spread of bacteria resistant to multiple antibiotics is a rising global health threat affecting both rich and poor nations. Low- and middle-income countries are at highest risk, in part due to the lack of innovative research on the surveillance and discovery of novel therapeutic options. Fast and effective drug discovery is crucial towards combatting antimicrobial resistance and reducing the burden of infectious diseases. African medicinal plants have been used for millennia in folk medicine to cure many diseases and ailments. Over 10% of the Southern African vegetation is applied in traditional medicine, with over 15 species being partially or fully commercialized. These include the genera Euclea, Ficus, Aloe, Lippia. And Artemisia, amongst many others. Bioactive compounds from indigenous medicinal plants, alone or in combination with existing antimicrobials, offer promising solutions towards overcoming multi-drug resistance. Secondary metabolites have different mechanisms and modes of action against bacteria, such as the inhibition and disruption of cell wall synthesis; inhibition of DNA replication and ATP synthesis; inhibition of quorum sensing; inhibition of AHL or oligopeptide signal generation, broadcasting, and reception; inhibition of the formation of biofilm; disruption of pathogenicity activities; and generation of reactive oxygen species. The aim of this review is to highlight some promising traditional medicinal plants found in Africa and provide insights into their secondary metabolites as alternative options in antibiotic therapy against multi-drug-resistant bacteria. Additionally, synergism between plant secondary metabolites and antibiotics has been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Teddie O. Rahube
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Botswana International University of Science and Technology (BIUST), Private Bag 16, Palapye, Botswana; (B.N.M.); (K.P.P.M.); (G.R.)
| | - Abdullah Makhzoum
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Botswana International University of Science and Technology (BIUST), Private Bag 16, Palapye, Botswana; (B.N.M.); (K.P.P.M.); (G.R.)
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Alves-Silva J, Zuzarte M, Cavaleiro C, Salgueiro L. Antibiofilm Effect of Lavandula multifida Essential Oil: A New Approach for Chronic Infections. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2142. [PMID: 37631356 PMCID: PMC10458520 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15082142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Fungal infections are associated with high morbidity and mortality rates, being highly prevalent in patients with underlying health complications such as chronic lung disease, HIV, cancer, and diabetes mellitus. To mitigate these infections, the development of effective antifungals is imperative, with plants standing out as promising sources of bioactive compounds. In the present study, we focus on the antibiofilm potential of Lavandula multifida essential oil (EO) against dermatophyte strains and Candida albicans. The EO was characterized using GC and GC-MS, and its antifungal effect was assessed on both biofilm formation and disruption. Biofilm mass, extracellular matrix, and viability were quantified using crystal violet, safranin, and XTT assays, respectively, and morphological alterations were confirmed using optical and scanning electron microscopy. L. multifida EO showed very high amounts of carvacrol and was very effective in inhibiting and disrupting fungal biofilms. The EO significantly decreased biofilm mass and viability in all tested fungi. In addition, a reduction in dermatophytes' extracellular matrix was observed, particularly during biofilm formation. Morphological alterations were evident in mature biofilms, with a clear decrease in hypha diameter. These promising results support the use of L. multifida EO in the development of effective plant-based antifungal products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Alves-Silva
- Univ Coimbra, Faculty of Pharmacy, Azinhaga de S. Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.A.-S.); (C.C.)
- Univ Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, Azinhaga de S. Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Mónica Zuzarte
- Univ Coimbra, Faculty of Pharmacy, Azinhaga de S. Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.A.-S.); (C.C.)
- Univ Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, Azinhaga de S. Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carlos Cavaleiro
- Univ Coimbra, Faculty of Pharmacy, Azinhaga de S. Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.A.-S.); (C.C.)
- Univ Coimbra, Chemical Process Engineering and Forest Products Research Centre (CIEPQPF), Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Rua Sílvio Lima, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Lígia Salgueiro
- Univ Coimbra, Faculty of Pharmacy, Azinhaga de S. Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.A.-S.); (C.C.)
- Univ Coimbra, Chemical Process Engineering and Forest Products Research Centre (CIEPQPF), Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Rua Sílvio Lima, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
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Wei S, Tian Q, Husien HM, Tao Y, Liu X, Liu M, Bo R, Li J. The synergy of tea tree oil nano-emulsion and antibiotics against multidrug-resistant bacteria. J Appl Microbiol 2023; 134:lxad131. [PMID: 37401131 DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxad131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS We determined the synergistic effects of tea tree essential oil nano-emulsion (nanoTTO) and antibiotics against multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria in vitro and in vivo. Then, the underlying mechanism of action of nanoTTO was investigated. METHODS AND RESULTS Minimum inhibitory concentrations and fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) were determined. The transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and the expression of tight junction (TJ) protein of IPEC-J2 cells were measured to determine the in vitro efficacy of nanoTTO in combination with antibiotics. A mouse intestinal infection model evaluated the in vivo synergistic efficacy. Proteome, adhesion assays, quantitative real-time PCR, and scanning electron microscopy were used to explore the underlying mechanisms. Results showed that nanoTTO was synergistic (FICI ≤ 0.5) or partial synergistic (0.5 < FICI < 1) with antibiotics against MDR Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria strains. Moreover, combinations increased the TEER values and the TJ protein expression of IPEC-J2 cells infected with MDR Escherichia coli. The in vivo study showed that the combination of nanoTTO and amoxicillin improved the relative weight gain and maintained the structural integrity of intestinal barriers. Proteome showed that type 1 fimbriae d-mannose specific adhesin of E. coli was downregulated by nanoTTO. Then, nanoTTO reduced bacterial adhesion and invasion and inhibited the mRNA expression of fimC, fimG, and fliC, and disrupted bacterial membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- SiMin Wei
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - QiMing Tian
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Hosameldeen Mohamed Husien
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, PR China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Albutana University, Rufaa 22217, Al Jazirah, Sudan
| | - Ya Tao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - XiaoPan Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - MingJiang Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - RuoNan Bo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - JinGui Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, PR China
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Mączka W, Twardawska M, Grabarczyk M, Wińska K. Carvacrol-A Natural Phenolic Compound with Antimicrobial Properties. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12050824. [PMID: 37237727 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12050824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The main purpose of this article is to present the latest research related to selected biological properties of carvacrol, such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activity. As a monoterpenoid phenol, carvacrol is a component of many essential oils and is usually found in plants together with its isomer, thymol. Carvacrol, either alone or in combination with other compounds, has a strong antimicrobial effect on many different strains of bacteria and fungi that are dangerous to humans or can cause significant losses in the economy. Carvacrol also exerts strong anti-inflammatory properties by preventing the peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids by inducing SOD, GPx, GR, and CAT, as well as reducing the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the body. It also affects the body's immune response generated by LPS. Carvacrol is considered a safe compound despite the limited amount of data on its metabolism in humans. This review also discusses the biotransformations of carvacrol, because the knowledge of the possible degradation pathways of this compound may help to minimize the risk of environmental contamination with phenolic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanda Mączka
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Martyna Twardawska
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Grabarczyk
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Wińska
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
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Vassiliou E, Awoleye O, Davis A, Mishra S. Anti-Inflammatory and Antimicrobial Properties of Thyme Oil and Its Main Constituents. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24086936. [PMID: 37108100 PMCID: PMC10138399 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24086936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Thyme oil (TO) is derived from the flowers of various plants belonging to the genus Thymus. It has been used as a therapeutic agent since ancient times. Thymus comprises numerous molecular species exhibiting diverse therapeutic properties that are dependent on their biologically active concentrations in the extracted oil. It is therefore not surprising that oils extracted from different thyme plants present different therapeutic properties. Furthermore, the phenophase of the same plant species has been shown to yield different anti-inflammatory properties. Given the proven efficacy of TO and the diversity of its constituents, a better understanding of the interactions of the various components is warranted. The aim of this review is to gather the latest research findings regarding TO and its components with respect to their immunomodulatory properties. An optimization of the various components has the potential to yield more effective thyme formulations with increased potency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evros Vassiliou
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kean University, Union, NJ 07083, USA
| | - Oreoluwa Awoleye
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kean University, Union, NJ 07083, USA
| | - Amanda Davis
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kean University, Union, NJ 07083, USA
| | - Sasmita Mishra
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kean University, Union, NJ 07083, USA
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10
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Tomás M, Sousa LGV, Oliveira AS, Gomes CP, Palmeira-de-Oliveira A, Cavaleiro C, Salgueiro L, Cerca N, Martinez-de-Oliveira J, Palmeira-de-Oliveira R. Vaginal Sheets with Thymbra capitata Essential Oil for the Treatment of Bacterial Vaginosis: Design, Characterization and In Vitro Evaluation of Efficacy and Safety. Gels 2023; 9:gels9040293. [PMID: 37102907 PMCID: PMC10137747 DOI: 10.3390/gels9040293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to incorporate Thymbra capitata essential oil (TCEO), a potent antimicrobial natural product against bacterial vaginosis (BV)-related bacteria, in a suitable drug delivery system. We used vaginal sheets as dosage form to promote immediate relief of the typical abundant vaginal discharge with unpleasant odour. Excipients were selected to promote the healthy vaginal environment reestablishment and bioadhesion of formulations, while the TCEO acts directly on BV pathogens. We characterized vaginal sheets with TCEO in regard to technological characterization, predictable in vivo performance, in vitro efficacy and safety. Vaginal sheet D.O (acid lactic buffer, gelatine, glycerine, chitosan coated with TCEO 1% w/w) presented a higher buffer capacity and ability to absorb vaginal fluid simulant (VFS) among all vaginal sheets with EO, showing one of the most promising bioadhesive profiles, an excellent flexibility and structure that allow it to be easily rolled for application. Vaginal sheet D.O with 0.32 µL/mL TCEO was able to significantly reduce the bacterial load of all in vitro tested Gardnerella species. Although vaginal sheet D.O presented toxicity at some concentrations, this product was developed for a short time period of treatment, so this toxicity can probably be limited or even reversed when the treatment ends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Tomás
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Lúcia G. V. Sousa
- Laboratory of Research in Biofilms Rosário Oliveira (LIBRO), Centre of Biological Engineering (CEB), University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- LABBELS—Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Ana Sofia Oliveira
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Carolina P. Gomes
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Ana Palmeira-de-Oliveira
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal
- Labfit-HPRD Health Products Research and Development, Lda Edifício UBIMedical, Estrada Municipal 506, 6200-281 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Carlos Cavaleiro
- CIEPQPF, Chemical Process Engineering and Forest Products Research Centre, University of Coimbra, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Lígia Salgueiro
- CIEPQPF, Chemical Process Engineering and Forest Products Research Centre, University of Coimbra, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Nuno Cerca
- Laboratory of Research in Biofilms Rosário Oliveira (LIBRO), Centre of Biological Engineering (CEB), University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- LABBELS—Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - José Martinez-de-Oliveira
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Rita Palmeira-de-Oliveira
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal
- Labfit-HPRD Health Products Research and Development, Lda Edifício UBIMedical, Estrada Municipal 506, 6200-281 Covilhã, Portugal
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11
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Asadi S, Nayeri-Fasaei B, Zahraei-Salehi T, Yahya-Rayat R, Shams N, Sharifi A. Antibacterial and anti-biofilm properties of carvacrol alone and in combination with cefixime against Escherichia coli. BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:55. [PMID: 36864390 PMCID: PMC9983188 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-02797-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant-derived compounds can be used as antimicrobial agents in medicines and as food preservatives. These compounds can be applied along with other antimicrobial agents to strengthen the effect and/or reduce the required treatment dose. RESULTS In the present study, the antibacterial, anti-biofilm and quorum sensing inhibitory activity of carvacrol alone and in combination with the antibiotic cefixime against Escherichia coli was investigated. The MIC and MBC values for carvacrol were 250 μg/mL. In the checkerboard test, carvacrol showed a synergistic interaction with cefixime against E. coli (FIC index = 0.5). Carvacrol and cefixime significantly inhibited biofilm formation at MIC/2 (125 and 62.5 μg/mL), MIC/4 (62.5 and 31.25 μg/mL) and MIC/8 (31.25 and 15.625 μg/mL) for carvacrol and cefixime, respectively. The antibacterial and anti-biofilm potential effect of carvacrol confirmed by the scanning electron microscopy. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR revealed significant down-regulation of the luxS and pfs genes following treatment with a MIC/2 (125 μg/mL) concentration of carvacrol alone and of only pfs gene following treatment with MIC/2 of carvacrol in combination with MIC/2 of cefixime (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Because of the significant antibacterial and anti-biofilm activity of carvacrol, the present study examines this agent as an antibacterial drug of natural origin. The results indicate that in this study the best antibacterial and anti-biofilm properties are for the combined use of cefixime and carvacrol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Asadi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Tehran, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahar Nayeri-Fasaei
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Tehran, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Taghi Zahraei-Salehi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Tehran, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramak Yahya-Rayat
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Tehran, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nemat Shams
- Department of Pathobiology, Lorestan University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aram Sharifi
- Department of Animal Science, University of Kurdistan, Faculty of Agriculture, Sanandaj, Iran
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12
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Xie J, Li X, Li W, Ding H, Yin J, Bie S, Li F, Tian C, Han L, Yang W, Song X, Yu H, Li Z. Characterization of the key volatile organic components of different parts of fresh and dried Perilla frutescens based on headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry and headspace solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. ARAB J CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2023.104867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
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13
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Lanza M, Scuderi SA, Capra AP, Casili G, Filippone A, Campolo M, Cuzzocrea S, Esposito E, Paterniti I. Effect of a combination of pea protein, grape seed extract and lactic acid in an in vivo model of bacterial vaginosis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2849. [PMID: 36807330 PMCID: PMC9938223 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28957-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a common vaginal dysbiosis characterized by a malodorous discharge and irritation. The imbalance of the vaginal microbiota plays a key role in the development of BV. It has been demonstrated that Gardnerella vaginalis (GV), a facultative anaerobic bacillus, is involved in BV. Due to the rising number of antimicrobial-resistant species, recurrence of BV is becoming more frequent in women; thus, alternative treatments to antibiotics are needed. Natural substances have recently shown a great efficacy for the treatment of vaginal dysbiosis. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the beneficial effect of a product containing pea protein (PP), grape seed extract (GS) and lactic acid (LA) in an in vivo model of Gardnerella vaginalis-induced vaginosis by intravaginal administration of GV suspension (1 × 106 CFU/20 µL saline). Our results demonstrated that the product containing PP, GS and LA significantly reduced GV proliferation. More specifically, it significantly preserved tissue architecture and reduced neutrophil infiltration, inflammatory markers and sialidase activity when used both as a pre- or a post-treatment. Moreover, the product displayed strong bioadhesive properties. Therefore, our data suggested that the product containing PP, GS and LA could be used as alternative preventive or curative treatment for the management of BV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marika Lanza
- grid.10438.3e0000 0001 2178 8421Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D ’Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Sarah Adriana Scuderi
- grid.10438.3e0000 0001 2178 8421Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D ’Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Anna Paola Capra
- grid.10438.3e0000 0001 2178 8421Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D ’Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Giovanna Casili
- grid.10438.3e0000 0001 2178 8421Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D ’Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Alessia Filippone
- grid.10438.3e0000 0001 2178 8421Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D ’Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Michela Campolo
- grid.10438.3e0000 0001 2178 8421Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D ’Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Salvatore Cuzzocrea
- grid.10438.3e0000 0001 2178 8421Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D ’Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Emanuela Esposito
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D 'Alcontres, 31, 98166, Messina, Italy.
| | - Irene Paterniti
- grid.10438.3e0000 0001 2178 8421Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D ’Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
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14
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Bora L, Burkard T, Juan MHS, Radeke HH, Muț AM, Vlaia LL, Magyari-Pavel IZ, Diaconeasa Z, Socaci S, Borcan F, Kis B, Muntean D, Dehelean CA, Danciu C. Phytochemical Characterization and Biological Evaluation of Origanum vulgare L. Essential Oil Formulated as Polymeric Micelles Drug Delivery Systems. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:2413. [PMID: 36365231 PMCID: PMC9693391 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14112413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
This study presents phytochemical characterization and biological evaluation of Origanum vulgare L. essential oil (OEO) formulated as polymeric micelles drug delivery systems as a possible non-invasive approach for the management of skin tags. GC-MS analysis of Romanian OEO revealed the identification and quantification of 43 volatile compounds (thymol and carvacrol being the main ones). The antioxidant activity was shown by four consecrated methods: CUPRAC, ABTS, ORAC and DPPH. OEO was incorporated by micellar solubilization into a binary hydrogel based on a Pluronic F 127/L 31 block-copolymers mixture. The pH, consistency, spreadability, particle size, polydispersity index and zeta potential of the OEO-loaded poloxamer-based binary hydrogel (OEO-PbH) were investigated. OEO-PbH was skin compatible in terms of pH and exhibited adequate spreadability and consistency. The minimal inhibitory concentrations of the tested OEO were similar to those obtained for the formulation, lower (2.5 µg/mL) for yeast and higher (40-80 µg/mL) for Gram-negative bacilli. As keratinocytes are among main components of skin tags, an in vitro evaluation was conducted in order to see the effect of the formulation against HaCaT human keratinocytes. OEO-PbH decreased HaCaT cells migration and proliferation and elicited a cytotoxic and pro-apoptotic effect in a dose- and time-dependent manner. No harmful effect on the viability of dendritic cells (DCs) was detected following the incubation with different concentrations (0-200 µg/mL) of the 5% formulation. Treatment in inflammatory DCs (+LPS) indicated a decrease in cytokine production of IL-6, TNF-α and IL-23 but no significant effect on IL-10 in any of the tested concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larisa Bora
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Tobias Burkard
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of General Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hospital of the Goethe University, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Martina Herrero San Juan
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of General Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hospital of the Goethe University, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Heinfried H. Radeke
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of General Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hospital of the Goethe University, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ana Maria Muț
- Department II—Pharmaceutical Technology, Formulation and Technology of Drugs Research Center, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Lavinia Lia Vlaia
- Department II—Pharmaceutical Technology, Formulation and Technology of Drugs Research Center, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ioana Zinuca Magyari-Pavel
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Zorița Diaconeasa
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Manastur, 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Sonia Socaci
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Manastur, 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Florin Borcan
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Brigitta Kis
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Centre for Gene and Cellular Therapies in the Treatment of Cancer-OncoGen, Clinical County Hospital of Timisoara, Liviu Rebreanu Blvd. 156, 300736 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Delia Muntean
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Department of Microbiology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Multidisciplinary Research Center on Antimicrobial Resistance, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Cristina Adriana Dehelean
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Department of Toxicology and Drug Industry, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Corina Danciu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
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15
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Bouaouina S, Aouf A, Touati A, Ali H, Elkhadragy M, Yehia H, Farouk A. Effect of Nanoencapsulation on the Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activities of Algerian Origanum glandulosum Desf. against Multidrug-Resistant Clinical Isolates. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12152630. [PMID: 35957062 PMCID: PMC9370196 DOI: 10.3390/nano12152630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria is a danger to public health and exposes patients to high risk, increasing morbidity and mortality worldwide. For this purpose, three months of evaluation of MDR’s prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns in the military regional university hospital of Constantine from different services and samples was carried out. Among a total of 196 isolates, 35.2% were MDR. The use of essential oils such as Origanum glandulosum Desf. as an alternative to antibiotics is attractive due to their rich content of bioactive compounds conferring many biological activities. Also, to overcome the drawbacks of using oils as the hydrophobicity and negative interaction with the environmental conditions, in addition to increasing their activity, encapsulation for the oil was performed using high-speed homogenization (HSH) into nanocapsules and high-pressure homogenization (HPH) into nanoemulsion. Nine volatile constituents were determined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis (GC-MS) in hydrodistilled oil with thymol, carvacrol, p-cymene, and γ-terpinene as dominants. A dramatic decrease in the major volatile components was observed due to the use of HSH and HPH but generated the same oil profile. The mean particle size of the nanoemulsion was 54.24 nm, while that of nanocapsules was 120.60 nm. The antibacterial activity of the oil and its nanoparticles was estimated on MDR isolates using the disk diffusion, aromatogram, and broth microdilution methods. Consistent with the differences in volatile constituents, the oil exhibited a higher antibacterial activity compared to its nanoforms with the diameters of the inhibition zone against E. coli (20 mm), S. aureus (35 mm), and A. baumannii (40 mm). Both formulations have shown relatively significant activity against the biofilm state at sub-inhibitory concentrations, where nanoemulsion was more potent than nanocapsules. The results obtained suggested that nanoformulations of essential oils are strongly recommended for therapeutic application as alternatives to antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Bouaouina
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Nature, University of Ferhat Abbas, Setif 19000, Algeria; (S.B.); (A.A.)
| | - Abdelhakim Aouf
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Nature, University of Ferhat Abbas, Setif 19000, Algeria; (S.B.); (A.A.)
| | - Abdelaziz Touati
- Laboratoire d’Ecologie Microbienne, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia 06000, Algeria;
| | - Hatem Ali
- Food Technology Department, National Research Center, Cairo 12622, Egypt;
| | - Manal Elkhadragy
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hany Yehia
- Food Science and Nutrition Department, College of Food and Agriculture Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
- Food Science and Nutrition Department, Faculty of Home Economics, Helwan University, Helwan P.O. Box 11611, Egypt
| | - Amr Farouk
- Flavour and Aroma Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Cairo 12622, Egypt
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +20-1092327777
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16
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Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) Essential Oils Prepared at Different Plant Phenophases on Pseudomonas aeruginosa LPS-Activated THP-1 Macrophages. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11071330. [PMID: 35883820 PMCID: PMC9311800 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11071330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) essential oil (TEO) is widely used as an alternative therapy especially for infections of the upper respiratory tract. TEO possesses antiviral, antibacterial, and antifungal properties. The emerging antibiotic resistance of bacterial strains, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, has prompted the urge to find alternative treatments. In the present study, we examined the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of thymol, the main compound of TEO, and two TEOs prepared at the beginning and at the end of the flowering period that may make these oils promising candidates as complementary or alternative therapies against P. aeruginosa infections. The activity measurements of the antioxidant enzymes peroxidase (PX), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) as well as the determination of total antioxidant capacity of P. aeruginosa-activated THP-1 cells revealed that thymol and both TEOs increased CAT and SOD activity as well as the antioxidant capacity of the THP-1 cells. The measurements of the proinflammatory cytokine mRNA expression and secreted protein level of LPS-activated THP-1 cells showed that from the two TEOs, only TEO prepared at the beginning of the flowering period acted as a potent inhibitor of the synthesis of IL-6, IL-8, IL-β, and TNF-α. Our results suggest that not only thymol, but also the synergism or the antagonistic effects of the additional compounds of the essential oils are responsible for the anti-inflammatory activity of TEOs.
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17
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Rosca AS, Castro J, Sousa LGV, França A, Cavaleiro C, Salgueiro L, Cerca N. Six Bacterial Vaginosis-Associated Species Can Form an In Vitro and Ex Vivo Polymicrobial Biofilm That Is Susceptible to Thymbra capitata Essential Oil. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:824860. [PMID: 35601098 PMCID: PMC9114774 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.824860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is associated with serious gynaecologic and obstetric complications. The hallmark of BV is the presence of a polymicrobial biofilm on the vaginal epithelium, but BV aetiology is still a matter of debate. We have previously developed an in vitro biofilm model that included three BV-associated species, but, up to now, no studies are available whereby more bacterial species are grown together to better mimic the in vivo situation. Herein, we characterized the first polymicrobial BV biofilm consisting of six cultivable BV-associated species by using both in vitro and ex vivo vaginal tissue models. Both models revealed that the six species were able to incorporate the polymicrobial biofilm, at different bacterial concentrations. As it has been thought that this polymicrobial biofilm may increase the survival of BV-associated species when exposed to antibiotics, we also assessed if the Thymbra capitata essential oil (EO), which has recently been shown to be highly bactericidal against several Gardnerella species, could maintain its anti-biofilm activity against this polymicrobial biofilm. Under our experimental conditions, T. capitata EO exhibited a high antibacterial effect against polymicrobial biofilms, in both tested models, with a significant reduction in the biofilm biomass and the number of culturable cells. Overall, this study shows that six BV-associated species can grow together and form a biofilm both in vitro and when using an ex vivo model. Moreover, the data obtained herein should be considered in further applications of T. capitata EO as an antimicrobial agent fighting BV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliona S. Rosca
- Laboratory of Research in Biofilms Rosário Oliveira (LIBRO), Centre of Biological Engineering (CEB), University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Joana Castro
- Laboratory of Research in Biofilms Rosário Oliveira (LIBRO), Centre of Biological Engineering (CEB), University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Lúcia G. V. Sousa
- Laboratory of Research in Biofilms Rosário Oliveira (LIBRO), Centre of Biological Engineering (CEB), University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- LABBELS –Associate Laboratory , Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Angela França
- Laboratory of Research in Biofilms Rosário Oliveira (LIBRO), Centre of Biological Engineering (CEB), University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- LABBELS –Associate Laboratory , Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Carlos Cavaleiro
- Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- The Chemical Process Engineering and Forest Products Research Centre (CIEPQPF), Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Lígia Salgueiro
- Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- The Chemical Process Engineering and Forest Products Research Centre (CIEPQPF), Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Nuno Cerca
- Laboratory of Research in Biofilms Rosário Oliveira (LIBRO), Centre of Biological Engineering (CEB), University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- LABBELS –Associate Laboratory , Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
- *Correspondence: Nuno Cerca,
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18
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Almeida L, Lopes N, Gaio V, Cavaleiro C, Salgueiro L, Silva V, Poeta P, Cerca N. Thymbra capitata
essential oil has a significant antimicrobial activity against methicillin‐resistant
Staphylococcus aureus
pre‐formed biofilms. Lett Appl Microbiol 2022; 74:787-795. [DOI: 10.1111/lam.13665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Almeida
- Centre of Biological Engineering (CEB) Laboratory of Research in Biofilms Rosário Oliveira (LIBRO) University of Minho Campus de Gualtar Braga Portugal
| | - Nathalie Lopes
- Centre of Biological Engineering (CEB) Laboratory of Research in Biofilms Rosário Oliveira (LIBRO) University of Minho Campus de Gualtar Braga Portugal
- LABBELS –Associate Laboratory Braga, Guimarães Portugal
| | - Vânia Gaio
- Centre of Biological Engineering (CEB) Laboratory of Research in Biofilms Rosário Oliveira (LIBRO) University of Minho Campus de Gualtar Braga Portugal
- LABBELS –Associate Laboratory Braga, Guimarães Portugal
| | - Carlos Cavaleiro
- Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra University of Coimbra Coimbra Portugal
- CIEPQPF Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Sciences and Technology University of Coimbra Coimbra Portugal
| | - Lígia Salgueiro
- Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra University of Coimbra Coimbra Portugal
- CIEPQPF Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Sciences and Technology University of Coimbra Coimbra Portugal
| | - Vanessa Silva
- Microbiology and Antibiotic Resistance Team (MicroART) Department of Veterinary Sciences University of Trás‐os‐Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD) Vila Real Portugal
- Veterinary and Animal Research Centre Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Science (AL4AnimalS) University of Trás‐os‐Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD) 5000‐801 Vila Real Portugal
- Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry (LAQV‐REQUIMTE) University NOVA of Lisboa Lisboa, Caparica Portugal
| | - Patrícia Poeta
- Microbiology and Antibiotic Resistance Team (MicroART) Department of Veterinary Sciences University of Trás‐os‐Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD) Vila Real Portugal
- Veterinary and Animal Research Centre Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Science (AL4AnimalS) University of Trás‐os‐Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD) 5000‐801 Vila Real Portugal
- Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry (LAQV‐REQUIMTE) University NOVA of Lisboa Lisboa, Caparica Portugal
| | - Nuno Cerca
- Centre of Biological Engineering (CEB) Laboratory of Research in Biofilms Rosário Oliveira (LIBRO) University of Minho Campus de Gualtar Braga Portugal
- LABBELS –Associate Laboratory Braga, Guimarães Portugal
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