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Liu H, Liu D, Zhang C, Niu H, Xin X, Yi H, Liu D, Zhang J. Whole-genome analysis, evaluation and regulation of in vitro and in vivo GABA production from Levilactobacillus brevis YSJ3. Int J Food Microbiol 2024; 421:110787. [PMID: 38878704 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2024.110787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) produced by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) is safe and has several health benefits. Levilactobacillus brevis YSJ3 was selected from 110 LAB. It exhibited the highest in vitro GABA production level of 970.10 μg/mL. Whole-genome analysis revealed that L. brevis YSJ3 contained gadR, gadC, gadB and gadA. Furthermore, the Luedeking-Piret model was fitted, which indicated that GABA production was divided into three stages. The gadR 0079, gadC 0080, and gadB 0081 were confirmed to promote GABA synthesis. Moreover, 55 metabolites, particularly those involved in arginine metabolism, were significantly different at 6 and 20 h of cultivation. Notably, L. brevis YSJ3 significantly improved sleep in mice and increased GABA levels in the mice's gut compared with the control group. This suggests that the oral administration of L. brevis YSJ3 improves sleep quality, probably by increasing intestinal GABA levels. Overall, L. brevis YSJ3 was confirmed as a GABA-producing strain in vitro and in vivo, making it a promising probiotic candidate for its application in food and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- Institute of Biological Fermentation, Zhejiang Yiming Food Co. Ltd, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Daiyao Liu
- Institute of Food Science, Key Laboratory of Postharvest Preservation and Processing of Vegetables (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Postharvest and Processing Technology Research of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, 266100, China
| | - Chengcheng Zhang
- Institute of Food Science, Key Laboratory of Postharvest Preservation and Processing of Vegetables (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Postharvest and Processing Technology Research of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, China
| | - Haiyue Niu
- Institute of Food Science, Key Laboratory of Postharvest Preservation and Processing of Vegetables (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Postharvest and Processing Technology Research of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, China
| | - Xiaoting Xin
- Institute of Food Science, Key Laboratory of Postharvest Preservation and Processing of Vegetables (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Postharvest and Processing Technology Research of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, China
| | - Huaxi Yi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, 266100, China
| | - Daqun Liu
- Institute of Food Science, Key Laboratory of Postharvest Preservation and Processing of Vegetables (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Postharvest and Processing Technology Research of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, China.
| | - Jianming Zhang
- Institute of Food Science, Key Laboratory of Postharvest Preservation and Processing of Vegetables (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Postharvest and Processing Technology Research of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, China.
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2
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Hu H, Huang Y, Li A, Mi Q, Wang K, Chen L, Zhao Z, Zhang Q, Bai X, Pan H. Effects of different energy levels in low-protein diet on liver lipid metabolism in the late-phase laying hens through the gut-liver axis. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2024; 15:98. [PMID: 38987834 PMCID: PMC11238517 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-024-01055-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The energy/protein imbalance in a low-protein diet induces lipid metabolism disorders in late-phase laying hens. Reducing energy levels in the low-protein diet to adjust the energy-to-protein ratio may improve fat deposition, but this also decreases the laying performance of hens. This study investigated the mechanism by which different energy levels in the low-protein diet influences liver lipid metabolism in late-phase laying hens through the enterohepatic axis to guide feed optimization and nutrition strategies. A total of 288 laying hens were randomly allocated to the normal-energy and normal-protein diet group (positive control: CK) or 1 of 3 groups: low-energy and low-protein diet (LL), normal-energy and low-protein diet (NL), and high-energy and low-protein diet (HL) groups. The energy-to-protein ratios of the CK, LL, NL, and HL diets were 0.67, 0.74, 0.77, and 0.80, respectively. RESULTS Compared with the CK group, egg quality deteriorated with increasing energy intake in late-phase laying hens fed low-protein diet. Hens fed LL, NL, and HL diets had significantly higher triglyceride, total cholesterol, acetyl-CoA carboxylase, and fatty acid synthase levels, but significantly lower hepatic lipase levels compared with the CK group. Liver transcriptome sequencing revealed that genes involved in fatty acid beta-oxidation (ACOX1, HADHA, EHHADH, and ACAA1) were downregulated, whereas genes related to fatty acid synthesis (SCD, FASN, and ACACA) were upregulated in LL group compared with the CK group. Comparison of the cecal microbiome showed that in hens fed an LL diet, Lactobacillus and Desulfovibrio were enriched, whereas riboflavin metabolism was suppressed. Cecal metabolites that were most significantly affected by the LL diet included several vitamins, such as riboflavin (vitamin B2), pantethine (vitamin B5 derivative), pyridoxine (vitamin B6), and 4-pyridoxic acid. CONCLUSION A lipid metabolism disorder due to deficiencies of vitamin B2 and pantethine originating from the metabolism of the cecal microbiome may be the underlying reason for fat accumulation in the liver of late-phase laying hens fed an LL diet. Based on the present study, we propose that targeting vitamin B2 and pantethine (vitamin B5 derivative) might be an effective strategy for improving lipid metabolism in late-phase laying hens fed a low-protein diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Hu
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Anjian Li
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Qianhui Mi
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Kunping Wang
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Bengbu, 233000, China
| | - Liang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zelong Zhao
- Shanghai BIOZERON Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 201800, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- WOD Poultry Research Institute, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xi Bai
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Bengbu, 233000, China.
| | - Hongbin Pan
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China.
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3
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Li X, Yang J, Zhou X, Dai C, Kong M, Xie L, Liu C, Liu Y, Li D, Ma X, Dai Y, Sun Y, Jian Z, Guo X, Lin X, Li Y, Sun L, Liu X, Jin L, Tang H, Zheng Y, Hong S. Ketogenic diet-induced bile acids protect against obesity through reduced calorie absorption. Nat Metab 2024:10.1038/s42255-024-01072-1. [PMID: 38937659 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-024-01072-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
The low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet (KD) has long been practiced for weight loss, but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Gut microbiota and metabolites have been suggested to mediate the metabolic changes caused by KD consumption, although the particular gut microbes or metabolites involved are unclear. Here, we show that KD consumption enhances serum levels of taurodeoxycholic acid (TDCA) and tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) in mice to decrease body weight and fasting glucose levels. Mechanistically, KD feeding decreases the abundance of a bile salt hydrolase (BSH)-coding gut bacterium, Lactobacillus murinus ASF361. The reduction of L. murinus ASF361 or inhibition of BSH activity increases the circulating levels of TDCA and TUDCA, thereby reducing energy absorption by inhibiting intestinal carbonic anhydrase 1 expression, which leads to weight loss. TDCA and TUDCA treatments have been found to protect against obesity and its complications in multiple mouse models. Additionally, the associations among the abovementioned bile acids, microbial BSH and metabolic traits were consistently observed both in an observational study of healthy human participants (n = 416) and in a low-carbohydrate KD interventional study of participants who were either overweight or with obesity (n = 25). In summary, we uncover a unique host-gut microbiota metabolic interaction mechanism for KD consumption to decrease body weight and fasting glucose levels. Our findings support TDCA and TUDCA as two promising drug candidates for obesity and its complications in addition to a KD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Jie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Chen Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Mengmeng Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Linshan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Chenglin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Precision Cancer Medicine Center, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Yilian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Dandan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Xiaonan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Yuxiang Dai
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Yan Sun
- Masonic Medical Research Institute, Utica, NY, USA
| | - Zhijie Jian
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohuan Guo
- Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xu Lin
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yixue Li
- Bio-Med Big Data Center, Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P.R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Liang Sun
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Institute of Nutrition, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Global Health Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Li Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Huiru Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Yan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China.
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Shanghai, P.R. China.
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, School of Public Health, Institute of Nutrition, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China.
| | - Shangyu Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China.
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Mohr AE, Sweazea KL, Bowes DA, Jasbi P, Whisner CM, Sears DD, Krajmalnik-Brown R, Jin Y, Gu H, Klein-Seetharaman J, Arciero KM, Gumpricht E, Arciero PJ. Gut microbiome remodeling and metabolomic profile improves in response to protein pacing with intermittent fasting versus continuous caloric restriction. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4155. [PMID: 38806467 PMCID: PMC11133430 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48355-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome (GM) modulates body weight/composition and gastrointestinal functioning; therefore, approaches targeting resident gut microbes have attracted considerable interest. Intermittent fasting (IF) and protein pacing (P) regimens are effective in facilitating weight loss (WL) and enhancing body composition. However, the interrelationships between IF- and P-induced WL and the GM are unknown. The current randomized controlled study describes distinct fecal microbial and plasma metabolomic signatures between combined IF-P (n = 21) versus a heart-healthy, calorie-restricted (CR, n = 20) diet matched for overall energy intake in free-living human participants (women = 27; men = 14) with overweight/obesity for 8 weeks. Gut symptomatology improves and abundance of Christensenellaceae microbes and circulating cytokines and amino acid metabolites favoring fat oxidation increase with IF-P (p < 0.05), whereas metabolites associated with a longevity-related metabolic pathway increase with CR (p < 0.05). Differences indicate GM and metabolomic factors play a role in WL maintenance and body composition. This novel work provides insight into the GM and metabolomic profile of participants following an IF-P or CR diet and highlights important differences in microbial assembly associated with WL and body composition responsiveness. These data may inform future GM-focused precision nutrition recommendations using larger sample sizes of longer duration. Trial registration, March 6, 2020 (ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT04327141), based on a previous randomized intervention trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex E Mohr
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- Biodesign Institute Center for Health Through Microbiomes, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Karen L Sweazea
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- Biodesign Institute Center for Health Through Microbiomes, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
- Center for Evolution and Medicine, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Devin A Bowes
- Biodesign Institute Center for Health Through Microbiomes, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Paniz Jasbi
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
- Systems Precision Engineering and Advanced Research (SPEAR), Theriome Inc., Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Corrie M Whisner
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- Biodesign Institute Center for Health Through Microbiomes, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Dorothy D Sears
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Rosa Krajmalnik-Brown
- Biodesign Institute Center for Health Through Microbiomes, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Yan Jin
- Center of Translational Science, Florida International University, Port St. Lucie, FL, USA
| | - Haiwei Gu
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- Center of Translational Science, Florida International University, Port St. Lucie, FL, USA
| | - Judith Klein-Seetharaman
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Karen M Arciero
- Human Nutrition and Metabolism Laboratory, Department of Health and Human Physiological Sciences, Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, NY, USA
| | | | - Paul J Arciero
- Human Nutrition and Metabolism Laboratory, Department of Health and Human Physiological Sciences, Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, NY, USA.
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Department of Sports Medicine and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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5
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Chen Y, Xie C, Lei Y, Ye D, Wang L, Xiong F, Wu H, He Q, Zhou H, Li L, Xing J, Wang C, Zheng M. Theabrownin from Qingzhuan tea prevents high-fat diet-induced MASLD via regulating intestinal microbiota. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116582. [PMID: 38642504 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate whether the therapeutic effect of theabrownin extracted from Qingzhuan tea (QTB) on metabolic dysfunction-associated steatosis liver disease (MASLD) is related to the regulation of intestinal microbiota and its metabolite short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Mice were divided into four groups and received normal diet (ND), high-fat diet (HFD) and HFD+QTB (180, 360 mg/kg) for 8 weeks. The results showed that QTB significantly reduced the body weight of HFD mice, ameliorated liver lipid and dyslipidemia, and increased the level of intestinal SCFAs in HFD mice. The results of 16 S rRNA showed that the relative abundance of Bacteroides, Blautia and Lachnoclostridium and their main metabolites acetate and propionate were significantly increased after QTB intervention. The relative abundance of Colidextribacter, Faecalibaculum and Lactobacillus was significantly reduced. QTB can also significantly up-regulate the expression of ATGL, PPARα, FFAR2 and FFAR3, and inhibit the expression of LXRα, SREBP-1c, FAS and HMGCR genes. This makes it possible to act as a prebiotic to prevent MASLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Chen
- Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China; Hubei Industrial Technology Research Institute of Intelligent Health, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Chen Xie
- Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China; Hubei Industrial Technology Research Institute of Intelligent Health, Xianning 437100, China; Obstetrics and Gynecology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Yining Lei
- Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Dan Ye
- Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China; Hubei Industrial Technology Research Institute of Intelligent Health, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Le Wang
- Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China; Hubei Industrial Technology Research Institute of Intelligent Health, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Fang Xiong
- Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China; Hubei Industrial Technology Research Institute of Intelligent Health, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Hui Wu
- Xianning Public Inspection Center of Hubei Province, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Qiang He
- Xianning Public Inspection Center of Hubei Province, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Hongfu Zhou
- Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China; Hubei Industrial Technology Research Institute of Intelligent Health, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Ling Li
- Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China; Hubei Industrial Technology Research Institute of Intelligent Health, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Jun Xing
- Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China; Hubei Industrial Technology Research Institute of Intelligent Health, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Cai Wang
- Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China; Hubei Industrial Technology Research Institute of Intelligent Health, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Min Zheng
- Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China; Hubei Industrial Technology Research Institute of Intelligent Health, Xianning 437100, China.
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6
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Xia Y, Chen Z, Huang C, Shi L, Ma W, Chen X, Liu Y, Wang Y, Cai C, Huang Y, Liu W, Shi R, Luo Q. Investigation the mechanism of iron overload-induced colonic inflammation following ferric citrate exposure. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 275:116241. [PMID: 38522287 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Iron overload occurs due to excessive iron intake compared to the body's demand, leading to iron deposition and impairment of multiple organ functions. Our previous study demonstrated that chronic oral administration of ferric citrate (FC) caused colonic inflammatory injury. However, the precise mechanism underlying this inflammatory response remains unclear. The current study aims to investigate the mechanism by which iron overload induced by FC exposure leads to colonic inflammation. To accomplish this, mice were orally exposed to three different concentrations of FC (71 mg/kg/bw (L), 143 mg/kg/bw (M) and 286 mg/kg/bw (H)) for continuous 16 weeks, with the control group receiving ultrapure water (C). Exposure to FC caused disturbances in the excretory system, altered colonic flora alpha diversity, and enriched pathogenic bacteria, such as Mucispirillum, Helicobacter, Desulfovibrio, and Shigella. These changes led to structural disorders of the colonic flora and an inflammatory response phenotype characterized by inflammatory cells infiltration, atrophy of intestinal glands, and irregular thickening of the intestinal wall. Mechanistic studies revealed that FC-exposure activated the NF-κB signaling pathway by up-regulating TLR4, MyD88, and NF-κB mRNA levels and protein expression. This activation resulted in increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, further contributing to the colonic inflammation. Additionally, in vitro experiments in SW480 cells confirmed the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway by FC exposure, consistent with the in vivo findings. The significance of this study lies in its elucidation of the mechanism by which iron overload caused by FC exposure leads to colonic inflammation. By identifying the role of pathogenic bacteria and the NF-κB signaling pathway, this study could potentially offer a crucial theoretical foundation for the research on iron overload, as well as provide valuable insights for clinical iron supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xia
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Animal Disease Prevention and Control and Healthy Breeding Engineering Technology Research Centre, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang 621000, China
| | - Zhengli Chen
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Chao Huang
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Liangqin Shi
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Basic Medicine, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Wenjing Ma
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiwen Chen
- Animal Disease Prevention and Control and Healthy Breeding Engineering Technology Research Centre, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang 621000, China
| | - Yucong Liu
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Chunyu Cai
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yixiang Huang
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Wentao Liu
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Riyi Shi
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Center for Paralysis Research, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Qihui Luo
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
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7
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Zeng S, Wang K, Liu X, Hu Z, Zhao L. Potential of longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) in functional food: A review of molecular mechanism-directing health benefit properties. Food Chem 2024; 437:137812. [PMID: 37897820 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) has received widespread attention worldwide as a therapeutic food with nutritional, economic, and medicinal value. Its fruit, seed, pericarp, and flower becoming dietary tools for health maintenance when it comes to targeting chronic diseases or sub-health conditions. In recent years, research focusing on longan and human health has intensified, and the high-value products of the whole fruit, including polyphenols, polysaccharides, angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibiting peptides, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and Maillard reaction products etc., may have beneficial effects on human health by preventing the onset of chronic diseases and cancer, maintaining intestinal homeostasis and skin health. Here, we review and summarize the new available evidence on the bioactive role of phytochemicals in longan and explore the relationship between longan bioactive compounds and health benefits, with a focus on the molecular mechanisms of the health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiai Zeng
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xuwei Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhuoyan Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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8
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Li Y, Shi P, Yao K, Lin Q, Wang M, Hou Z, Tang W, Diao H. Diarrhea induced by insufficient fat absorption in weaned piglets: Causes and nutrition regulation. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2024; 16:299-305. [PMID: 38371473 PMCID: PMC10869582 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Fat is one of the three macronutrients and a significant energy source for piglets. It plays a positive role in maintaining intestinal health and improving production performance. During the weaning period, physiological, stress and diet-related factors influence the absorption of fat in piglets, leading to damage to the intestinal barrier, diarrhea and even death. Signaling pathways, such as fatty acid translocase (CD36), pregnane X receptor (PXR), and AMP-dependent protein kinase (AMPK), are responsible for regulating intestinal fat uptake and maintaining intestinal barrier function. Therefore, this review mainly elaborates on the reasons for diarrhea induced by insufficient fat absorption and related signaling pathways in weaned-piglets, with an emphasis on the intestinal fat absorption disorder. Moreover, we focus on introducing nutritional strategies that can promote intestinal fat absorption in piglets with insufficient fat absorption-related diarrhea, such as lipase, amino acids, and probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Li
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, China
| | - Pengjun Shi
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, China
| | - Kang Yao
- Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Qian Lin
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, China
| | - Mansheng Wang
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, China
| | - Zhenping Hou
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, China
| | - Wenjie Tang
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Livestock and Poultry Biological Products Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Sichuan Animtech Feed Co. Ltd, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Hui Diao
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Livestock and Poultry Biological Products Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Sichuan Animtech Feed Co. Ltd, Chengdu 610066, China
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9
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Ji T, Fang B, Wu F, Liu Y, Cheng L, Li Y, Wang R, Zhu L. Diet Change Improves Obesity and Lipid Deposition in High-Fat Diet-Induced Mice. Nutrients 2023; 15:4978. [PMID: 38068835 PMCID: PMC10708053 DOI: 10.3390/nu15234978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The number of obese people is increasing dramatically worldwide, and one of the major causes of obesity is excess energy due to high-fat diets. Several studies have shown that reducing food and energy intake represents a key intervention or treatment to combat overweight/obesity. Here, we conducted a 12-week energy-restricted dietary intervention for high-fat diet-induced obese mice (C57BL/6J) to investigate the effectiveness of diet change in improving obesity. The results revealed that the diet change from HFD to NFD significantly reduced weight gain and subcutaneous adipose tissue weight in high-fat diet-induced obese mice, providing scientific evidence for the effectiveness of diet change in improving body weight and fat deposition in obese individuals. Regarding the potential explanations for these observations, weight reduction may be attributed to the excessive enlargement of adipocytes in the white adipose tissue of obese mice that were inhibited. Diet change significantly promoted lipolysis in the adipose tissue (eWAT: Adrb3, Plin1, HSL, and CPTA1a; ingWAT: CPT1a) and liver (reduced content of nonesterified fatty acids), and reduced lipogenesis in ingWAT (Dgat2). Moreover, the proportion of proliferative stem cells in vWAT and sWAT changed dramatically with diet change. Overall, our study reveals the phenotypic, structural, and metabolic diversity of multiple tissues (vWAT and sWAT) in response to diet change and identifies a role for adipocyte stem cells in the tissue specificity of diet change.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bing Fang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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10
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Xiang Y, Lu W, Mao X, Zou J, Wang J, Xu R, Tang Q. Osteocalcin has a muscle-protective effect during weight loss in men without metabolic syndrome: a multicenter, prospective, observational study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1308452. [PMID: 38093960 PMCID: PMC10716436 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1308452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Weight reduction often accompanies muscle loss. Existing studies highlight the involvement of osteocalcin (OC) in energy metabolism and its potential to prevent age-related muscle loss. Nevertheless, these studies predominantly involve individuals with hyperglycemia, yielding conflicting research outcomes. This study investigated the protective role of OC against muscle loss during weight reduction in individuals without metabolic syndrome (MetS). Measures We enrolled 130 overweight or obese individuals without MetS in a 4-month high-protein, energy-restricted dietary weight management program conducted at two clinic centers. Body composition and laboratory tests were assessed both before and after weight loss. Correlation and regression analysis were made between the changes in metabolic indicators and muscle mass during weight loss. Results Following weight loss, there was a decrease in body mass index (BMI), percentage of body fat (PBF), visceral fat area (VFA), fasting insulin (FINS), homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), and lipid profile, and increase in the percentage of skeletal muscle (PSM) and vitamin D. There was no change in osteocalcin (OC) during the intervention. Correlation analysis of the relative changes in all metabolic indicators revealed a positive correlation between OC and PSM (r=0.383, p=0.002). Multiple linear regression analysis found that OC has a significant protective effect on muscles during weight loss in males after adjusting for confounding factors (β=0.089, p=0.017). Conclusion High-protein, energy-restricted diets demonstrate efficacy in enhancing metabolic indicators within the weight-loss population. Furthermore, OC exhibits a protective effect on muscle mass during weight reduction in individuals without MetS, with this effect being particularly evident in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xiang
- Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenyi Lu
- Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaomeng Mao
- Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Zou
- Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jialu Wang
- Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Renying Xu
- Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingya Tang
- Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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11
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de Wit DF, Hanssen NMJ, Wortelboer K, Herrema H, Rampanelli E, Nieuwdorp M. Evidence for the contribution of the gut microbiome to obesity and its reversal. Sci Transl Med 2023; 15:eadg2773. [PMID: 37992156 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adg2773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Obesity has become a worldwide pandemic affecting more than 650 million people and is associated with a high burden of morbidity. Alongside traditional risk factors for obesity, the gut microbiome has been identified as a potential factor in weight regulation. Although rodent studies suggest a link between the gut microbiome and body weight, human evidence for causality remains scarce. In this Review, we postulate that existing evidence remains to establish a contribution of the gut microbiome to the development of obesity in humans but that modified probiotic strains and supraphysiological dosages of microbial metabolites may be beneficial in combatting obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douwe F de Wit
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Experimental Vascular Medicine, 1105AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Diabetes and Metabolism, 1105AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Nordin M J Hanssen
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Experimental Vascular Medicine, 1105AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Koen Wortelboer
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Experimental Vascular Medicine, 1105AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Diabetes and Metabolism, 1105AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Hilde Herrema
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Experimental Vascular Medicine, 1105AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Diabetes and Metabolism, 1105AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, 1105AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Elena Rampanelli
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Experimental Vascular Medicine, 1105AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Diabetes and Metabolism, 1105AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, 1105AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Max Nieuwdorp
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Experimental Vascular Medicine, 1105AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Diabetes and Metabolism, 1105AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetes Center, 1105AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
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12
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Minderis P, Fokin A, Povilonis T, Kvedaras M, Ratkevicius A. Effects of Diet Macronutrient Composition on Weight Loss during Caloric Restriction and Subsequent Weight Regain during Refeeding in Aging Mice. Nutrients 2023; 15:4836. [PMID: 38004232 PMCID: PMC10675209 DOI: 10.3390/nu15224836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Caloric restriction (CR) induces weight loss, but is associated with rapid weight regain upon return to ad libitum feeding. Our aim was to investigate effects of the macronutrient composition of the diet on weight loss and regain in elderly mice. Males, 18 months old, of the C57BL/6J strain were subjected to 4-week 30% CR followed by 4 weeks of ad libitum refeeding on either high-carb (HC), high-fat (HF) or high-protein (HP) diets (n = 22 each). Mice (n = 11) fed a chow diet ad libitum served as a control group (CON). Body mass and food intake were monitored daily. Twenty-four-hour indirect calorimetry was used to assess energy expenditure and substrate oxidation. Muscle and fat mass were evaluated with dissection of the tissues. Serum leptin and ghrelin levels were also measured. CR-induced weight loss did not differ between the diets. Weight regain was particularly fast for HF as mice overshot their initial weight by 12.8 ± 5.7% after 4-week refeeding when HC and HP mice reached the weight of the CON group. Weight regain strongly correlated with energy intake across the groups. The respiratory exchange ratio was lower in HF mice (0.81 ± 0.03) compared to HC (0.94 ± 0.06, p < 0.001), HP (0.89 ± 0.04, p < 0.001) and CON mice (0.91 ± 0.06, p < 0.01) during the refeeding. Serum leptin levels were higher in HF mice (1.03 ± 0.50 ng/mL) compared to HC (0.46 ± 0.14, p < 0.001), HP (0.63 ± 0.28, p < 0.05) or CON mice (0.41 ± 0.14, p < 0.001). Thus, CR induces similar weight loss in aging mice irrespective of the diet's macronutrient composition. An HF diet leads to excessive energy intake and pronounced gain in body fat in spite of increased fat oxidation and serum leptin during the refeeding after CR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petras Minderis
- Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, 44221 Kaunas, Lithuania; (A.F.)
| | - Andrej Fokin
- Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, 44221 Kaunas, Lithuania; (A.F.)
| | - Tomas Povilonis
- Faculty of Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Mindaugas Kvedaras
- Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, 44221 Kaunas, Lithuania; (A.F.)
| | - Aivaras Ratkevicius
- Department of Health Promotion and Rehabilitation, Lithuanian Sports University, 44221 Kaunas, Lithuania;
- Sports and Exercise Medicine Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
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13
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Yan J, Hu C. Bone marrow immune cells stop weight regain. Cell Metab 2023; 35:1845-1846. [PMID: 37939653 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Weight regain is a major challenge in the long-term management of obesity; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Zhou et al. found that bone-marrow-derived CD7+ monocytes respond to fluctuating nutritional stress and suppress weight regain by promoting beige fat thermogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yan
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Centre for Diabetes, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng Hu
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Centre for Diabetes, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Institute for Metabolic Disease, Fengxian Central Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Shanghai, China.
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14
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Zhou HY, Feng X, Wang LW, Zhou R, Sun H, Chen X, Lu RB, Huang Y, Guo Q, Luo XH. Bone marrow immune cells respond to fluctuating nutritional stress to constrain weight regain. Cell Metab 2023; 35:1915-1930.e8. [PMID: 37703873 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Weight regain after weight loss is a major challenge in the treatment of obesity. Immune cells adapt to fluctuating nutritional stress, but their roles in regulating weight regain remain unclear. Here, we identify a stem cell-like CD7+ monocyte subpopulation accumulating in the bone marrow (BM) of mice and humans that experienced dieting-induced weight loss. Adoptive transfer of CD7+ monocytes suppresses weight regain, whereas inducible depletion of CD7+ monocytes accelerates it. These cells, accumulating metabolic memories via epigenetic adaptations, preferentially migrate to the subcutaneous white adipose tissue (WAT), where they secrete fibrinogen-like protein 2 (FGL2) to activate the protein kinase A (PKA) signaling pathway and facilitate beige fat thermogenesis. Nevertheless, CD7+ monocytes gradually enter a quiescent state after weight loss, accompanied by increased susceptibility to weight regain. Notably, administration of FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (FLT3L) remarkably rejuvenates CD7+ monocytes, thus ameliorating rapid weight regain. Together, our findings identify a unique bone marrow-derived metabolic-memory immune cell population that could be targeted to combat obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Yan Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Xu Feng
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Li-Wen Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Heng Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Ren-Bin Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Qi Guo
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Xiang-Hang Luo
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Key Laboratory of Aging-related Bone and Joint Diseases Prevention and Treatment, Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Hunan 410008, China.
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15
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Coêlho LF, Casaro MB, Ribeiro WR, Mendes E, Murata G, Xander P, Lino-dos-Santos-Franco A, Oliveira FA, Ferreira CM. A short-term high-sugar diet is an aggravating factor in experimental allergic contact dermatitis. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21225. [PMID: 38034704 PMCID: PMC10682547 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is an inflammatory skin reaction whose incidence has increased and has been associated with a dietary pattern rich in saturated fats and refined sugars. Considering the increased incidence of ACD and the lack of research about the influence of a short-term high-sugar diet on dermatitis, our aim is to improve understanding of the influence of a high-sugar diet on ACD. We introduced a diet rich in sugar fifteen days before inducing contact dermatitis with oxazolone, in mice, and maintained it until the end of the experiment, which lasted three weeks in total. The dermatitis model increased cholesterol and triglycerides in the liver, and the combination of diet and dermatitis increased weight and worsened liver cholesterol measurements. Furthermore, the high-sugar diet increased the production of IL-6, IFN-γ and TNF-α in the skin, which may be involved in the increase in epithelial skin thickness observed in experimental ACD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila F. Coêlho
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Environmental, Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mateus B. Casaro
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Environmental, Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Willian R. Ribeiro
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Environmental, Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Mendes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Environmental, Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gilson Murata
- Nephrology Division, Medical Investigation Laboratory-29 (LIM-29), Medical School, University of São Paulo (FM-USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Xander
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Environmental, Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Fernando A. Oliveira
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory (LaNeC) - Center for Mathematics, Computing and Cognition (CMCC), Federal University of ABC (UFABC), São Bernardo do Campo, Brazil
| | - Caroline M. Ferreira
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Environmental, Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
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16
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Boirie Y, Pinel A, Guillet C. Protein and amino acids in obesity: friends or foes? Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2023; 26:508-513. [PMID: 37807957 DOI: 10.1097/mco.0000000000000978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Nutritional interventions using protein and amino acids in obesity are popular therapeutical strategies to limit obesity development. However, the effects of dietary protein intake and amino acid metabolic alterations involved in obesity pathophysiology have not been completely unravelled. Significant recent studies have brought to light new findings in these areas, which are the primary focus of this review. RECENT FINDINGS We describe the effects of protein intake on weight regain prevention, the influence on gut microbiota, the response to low-protein highly processed foods, and the contrasting impacts of a high-protein diet on adults and children. We also explore newly discovered correlations between amino acids, liver fat accumulation, and the dysregulation of the liver-pancreas axis due to alterations in amino acid levels in the context of obesity. Lastly, we consider branched-chain amino acids, along with glycine and tryptophan, as significant biomarkers during periods of positive or negative energy balance. SUMMARY Interventions using dietary protein in obesity may be useful, especially during energy restriction but also in sarcopenic obesity. Furthermore, metabolic profiles that encompass alterations in certain amino acids can provide valuable insights into the metabolic condition of patients with obesity, particularly in relation to insulin resistance and the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yves Boirie
- Human Nutrition Unit, University of Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, CRNH Auvergne
- Clinical Nutrition Department, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Alexandre Pinel
- Human Nutrition Unit, University of Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, CRNH Auvergne
| | - Christelle Guillet
- Human Nutrition Unit, University of Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, CRNH Auvergne
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17
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Shelton CD, Sing E, Mo J, Shealy NG, Yoo W, Thomas J, Fitz GN, Castro PR, Hickman TT, Torres TP, Foegeding NJ, Zieba JK, Calcutt MW, Codreanu SG, Sherrod SD, McLean JA, Peck SH, Yang F, Markham NO, Liu M, Byndloss MX. An early-life microbiota metabolite protects against obesity by regulating intestinal lipid metabolism. Cell Host Microbe 2023; 31:1604-1619.e10. [PMID: 37794592 PMCID: PMC10593428 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2023.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
The mechanisms by which the early-life microbiota protects against environmental factors that promote childhood obesity remain largely unknown. Using a mouse model in which young mice are simultaneously exposed to antibiotics and a high-fat (HF) diet, we show that Lactobacillus species, predominant members of the small intestine (SI) microbiota, regulate intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) to limit diet-induced obesity during early life. A Lactobacillus-derived metabolite, phenyllactic acid (PLA), protects against metabolic dysfunction caused by early-life exposure to antibiotics and a HF diet by increasing the abundance of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPAR-γ) in SI IECs. Therefore, PLA is a microbiota-derived metabolite that activates protective pathways in the small intestinal epithelium to regulate intestinal lipid metabolism and prevent antibiotic-associated obesity during early life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine D Shelton
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Elizabeth Sing
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Jessica Mo
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Nicolas G Shealy
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Woongjae Yoo
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Julia Thomas
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Gillian N Fitz
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Pollyana R Castro
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Laboratory of Immunoinflammation, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology, and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 12083-862, Brazil
| | - Tara T Hickman
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Teresa P Torres
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Nora J Foegeding
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Jacob K Zieba
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - M Wade Calcutt
- Mass Spectrometry Research Center and Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Simona G Codreanu
- Center for Innovative Technology and Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Stacy D Sherrod
- Center for Innovative Technology and Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - John A McLean
- Center for Innovative Technology and Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Sun H Peck
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University School of Engineering, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Nicholas O Markham
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Vanderbilt Institute of Infection, Immunology, and Inflammation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Metabolic Diseases Institute, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45237, USA
| | - Mariana X Byndloss
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Institute of Infection, Immunology, and Inflammation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Digestive Disease Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Microbiome Innovation Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
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18
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Suissa R, Olender T, Malitsky S, Golani O, Turjeman S, Koren O, Meijler MM, Kolodkin-Gal I. Metabolic inputs in the probiotic bacterium Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus contribute to cell-wall remodeling and increased fitness. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2023; 9:71. [PMID: 37752249 PMCID: PMC10522624 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-023-00431-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) is a Gram-positive beneficial bacterium that resides in the human intestinal tract and belongs to the family of lactic acid bacteria (LAB). This bacterium is a widely used probiotic and was suggested to provide numerous benefits for human health. However, as in most LAB strains, the molecular mechanisms that mediate the competitiveness of probiotics under different diets remain unknown. Fermentation is a fundamental process in LAB, allowing the oxidation of simple carbohydrates (e.g., glucose, mannose) for energy production under oxygen limitation, as in the human gut. Our results indicate that fermentation reshapes the metabolome, volatilome, and proteome architecture of LGG. Furthermore, fermentation alters cell envelope remodeling and peptidoglycan biosynthesis, which leads to altered cell wall thickness, aggregation properties, and cell wall composition. In addition, fermentable sugars induced the secretion of known and novel metabolites and proteins targeting the enteric pathogens Enterococcus faecalis and Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium. Overall, our results link simple carbohydrates with cell wall remodeling, aggregation to host tissues, and biofilm formation in probiotic strains and connect them with the production of broad-spectrum antimicrobial effectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronit Suissa
- Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva, Israel
| | - Tsviya Olender
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Sergey Malitsky
- Life Science Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ofra Golani
- Life Science Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Sondra Turjeman
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Omry Koren
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel.
| | - Michael M Meijler
- Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva, Israel.
| | - Ilana Kolodkin-Gal
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel.
- The Scojen Institute for Synthetic Biology, Reichman University, Herzliya, Israel.
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Guan L, Liu R. The Role of Diet and Gut Microbiota Interactions in Metabolic Homeostasis. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2023; 7:e2300100. [PMID: 37142556 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202300100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Diet is a pivotal determinant in shaping the structure and function of resident microorganisms in the gut through different food components, nutritive proportion, and calories. The effects of diet on host metabolism and physiology can be mediated through the gut microbiota. Gut microbiota-derived metabolites have been shown to regulate glucose and lipid metabolism, energy consumption, and the immune system. On the other hand, emerging evidence indicates that baseline gut microbiota could predict the efficacy of diet intervention, highlighting gut microbiota can be harnessed as a biomarker in personalized nutrition. In this review, the alterations of gut microbiota in different dietary components and dietary patterns, and the potential mechanisms in the diet-microbiota crosstalk are summarized to understand the interactions of diet and gut microbiota on the impact of metabolic homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhi Guan
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the P. R. China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Ruixin Liu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the P. R. China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
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20
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Deng G, Jiang Z, Lu H, Lu N, Zhu R, Zhu C, Zhou P, Tang X. A Study on the Amelioration of Circadian Rhythm Disorders in Fat Mice Using High-Protein Diets. Nutrients 2023; 15:3459. [PMID: 37571396 PMCID: PMC10421159 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
This innovative study investigates the effects of high-protein diets (milk protein) on the circadian rhythm of hepatic lipid metabolism. We aimed to understand how high-protein interventions regulate biological clock genes, maintain lipid metabolism balance, and affect the circadian rhythm of antioxidant levels in vivo. We divided 120 SPF-class C57BL/6J mice into the control, high-fat/low-protein (HF-LP), and high-fat/high-protein (HF-HP) groups. Mice were sacrificed during active (2 a.m. and 8 a.m.) and rest periods (2 p.m. and 8 p.m.). In the HF-LP group, hepatic lipid anabolic enzymes were consistently expressed at high levels, while key lipolytic enzymes slowly increased after feeding with no significant diurnal differences. This led to an abnormal elevation in blood lipid levels, a slow increase in and low levels of superoxide dismutase, and a rapid increase in malondialdehyde levels, deviating from the diurnal trend observed in the control group. However, high-protein interventions in the HF-HP group restored lipid synthase activity and the expression of key catabolic enzymes, exhibiting a precise circadian rhythm. It also improved the lipid-metabolism rhythm, which was disrupted by the high-fat diet. Overall, high-protein interventions restored the expression of key enzymes involved in lipid metabolism, improving the lipid-metabolism rhythm, which was disrupted by the high-fat diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoliang Deng
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (G.D.); (Z.J.); (H.L.); (N.L.); (R.Z.); (C.Z.); (P.Z.)
| | - Zhiqing Jiang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (G.D.); (Z.J.); (H.L.); (N.L.); (R.Z.); (C.Z.); (P.Z.)
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Hui Lu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (G.D.); (Z.J.); (H.L.); (N.L.); (R.Z.); (C.Z.); (P.Z.)
| | - Naiyan Lu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (G.D.); (Z.J.); (H.L.); (N.L.); (R.Z.); (C.Z.); (P.Z.)
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Rongxiang Zhu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (G.D.); (Z.J.); (H.L.); (N.L.); (R.Z.); (C.Z.); (P.Z.)
| | - Chengkai Zhu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (G.D.); (Z.J.); (H.L.); (N.L.); (R.Z.); (C.Z.); (P.Z.)
| | - Peng Zhou
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (G.D.); (Z.J.); (H.L.); (N.L.); (R.Z.); (C.Z.); (P.Z.)
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xue Tang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (G.D.); (Z.J.); (H.L.); (N.L.); (R.Z.); (C.Z.); (P.Z.)
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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21
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Why does fat return after dieting? The microbiome might have a hand. Nature 2022; 612:592. [PMID: 36513824 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-022-04387-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Zarrinpar
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- VA Health Sciences San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Institute of Diabetes and Metabolic Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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