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Goldfarb M. Fibroblast growth factor homologous factors: canonical and non-canonical mechanisms of action. J Physiol 2024; 602:4097-4110. [PMID: 39083261 DOI: 10.1113/jp286313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Since their discovery nearly 30 years ago, fibroblast growth factor homologous factors (FHFs) are now known to control the functionality of excitable tissues through a range of mechanisms. Nervous and cardiac system dysfunctions are caused by loss- or gain-of-function mutations in FHF genes. The best understood 'canonical' targets for FHF action are voltage-gated sodium channels, and recent studies have expanded the repertoire of ways that FHFs modulate sodium channel gating. Additional 'non-canonical' functions of FHFs in excitable and non-excitable cells, including cancer cells, have been reported over the past dozen years. This review summarizes and evaluates reported canonical and non-canonical FHF functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell Goldfarb
- Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter College of City University, New York, New York, USA
- Biology Program, The Graduate Center City University, New York, New York, USA
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2
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Fischer MA, Arrieta A, Angelini M, Soehalim E, Chapski DJ, Shemin RJ, Vondriska TM, Olcese R. Decreased Left Atrial Cardiomyocyte Fibroblast Growth Factor 13 Expression Increases Vulnerability to Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation in Humans. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e034896. [PMID: 38860408 PMCID: PMC11255725 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.124.034896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A. Fischer
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative MedicineDavid Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesCA
| | - Adrian Arrieta
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative MedicineDavid Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesCA
| | - Marina Angelini
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative MedicineDavid Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesCA
| | - Elizabeth Soehalim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative MedicineDavid Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesCA
| | - Douglas J. Chapski
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative MedicineDavid Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesCA
| | - Richard J. Shemin
- Department of SurgeryDavid Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesCA
| | - Thomas M. Vondriska
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative MedicineDavid Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesCA
- Department of MedicineDavid Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesCA
- Department of PhysiologyDavid Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesCA
- Molecular Biology Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesCA
| | - Riccardo Olcese
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative MedicineDavid Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesCA
- Department of PhysiologyDavid Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesCA
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3
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Fischer MA, Arrieta A, Angelini M, Soehalim E, Chapski DJ, Shemin RJ, Vondriska TM, Olcese R. Decreased Left Atrial Cardiomyocyte FGF13 Expression Increases Vulnerability to Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation in Humans. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.30.577790. [PMID: 38352455 PMCID: PMC10862764 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.30.577790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is the most common complication after cardiac surgery and a significant cause of increased morbidity and mortality. The development of novel POAF therapeutics has been limited by an insufficient understanding of molecular mechanisms promoting atrial fibrillation. In this observational cohort study, we enrolled 28 patients without a history of atrial fibrillation that underwent mitral valve surgery for degenerative mitral regurgitation and obtained left atrial tissue samples along the standard atriotomy incision in proximity to the right pulmonary veins. We isolated cardiomyocytes and performed transcriptome analyses demonstrating 13 differentially expressed genes associated with new-onset POAF. Notably, decreased expression of fibroblast growth factor 13 (FGF13), a fibroblast growth factor homologous factor known to modulate voltage-gated sodium channel Na V 1.5 inactivation, had the most significant association with POAF. To assess the functional significance of decreased FGF13 expression in atrial myocytes, we performed patch clamp experiments on neonatal rat atrial myocytes after siRNA-mediated FGF13 knockdown, demonstrating action potential prolongation. These critical findings indicate that decreased FGF13 expression promotes vulnerability to POAF.
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Deschênes I, Biswas R, Chinthalapudi K. Advances in understanding of cardiac sodium channel structure/function and their relation to disease pathogenesis and treatment. Heart Rhythm 2024; 21:124-125. [PMID: 38176766 PMCID: PMC10783539 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2023.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Deschênes
- Physiology and Cell Biology Department, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.
| | - Rupam Biswas
- Physiology and Cell Biology Department, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Krishna Chinthalapudi
- Physiology and Cell Biology Department, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
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Lesage A, Lorenzini M, Burel S, Sarlandie M, Bibault F, Lindskog C, Maloney D, Silva JR, Townsend RR, Nerbonne JM, Marionneau C. Determinants of iFGF13-mediated regulation of myocardial voltage-gated sodium (NaV) channels in mouse. J Gen Physiol 2023; 155:e202213293. [PMID: 37516919 PMCID: PMC10374952 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.202213293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Posttranslational regulation of cardiac NaV1.5 channels is critical in modulating channel expression and function, yet their regulation by phosphorylation of accessory proteins has gone largely unexplored. Using phosphoproteomic analysis of NaV channel complexes from adult mouse left ventricles, we identified nine phosphorylation sites on intracellular fibroblast growth factor 13 (iFGF13). To explore the potential roles of these phosphosites in regulating cardiac NaV currents, we abolished expression of iFGF13 in neonatal and adult mouse ventricular myocytes and rescued it with wild-type (WT), phosphosilent, or phosphomimetic iFGF13-VY. While the increased rate of closed-state inactivation of NaV channels induced by Fgf13 knockout in adult cardiomyocytes was completely restored by adenoviral-mediated expression of WT iFGF13-VY, only partial rescue was observed in neonatal cardiomyocytes after knockdown. The knockdown of iFGF13 in neonatal ventricular myocytes also shifted the voltage dependence of channel activation toward hyperpolarized potentials, a shift that was not reversed by WT iFGF13-VY expression. Additionally, we found that iFGF13-VY is the predominant isoform in adult ventricular myocytes, whereas both iFGF13-VY and iFGF13-S are expressed comparably in neonatal ventricular myocytes. Similar to WT iFGF13-VY, each of the iFGF13-VY phosphomutants studied restored NaV channel inactivation properties in both models. Lastly, Fgf13 knockout also increased the late Na+ current in adult cardiomyocytes, and this effect was restored with expression of WT and phosphosilent iFGF13-VY. Together, our results demonstrate that iFGF13 is highly phosphorylated and displays differential isoform expression in neonatal and adult ventricular myocytes. While we found no roles for iFGF13 phosphorylation, our results demonstrate differential effects of iFGF13 on neonatal and adult mouse ventricular NaV channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrien Lesage
- CNRS, INSERM, L’institut du Thorax, Nantes Université, Nantes, France
| | - Maxime Lorenzini
- CNRS, INSERM, L’institut du Thorax, Nantes Université, Nantes, France
| | - Sophie Burel
- CNRS, INSERM, L’institut du Thorax, Nantes Université, Nantes, France
| | - Marine Sarlandie
- CNRS, INSERM, L’institut du Thorax, Nantes Université, Nantes, France
| | - Floriane Bibault
- CNRS, INSERM, L’institut du Thorax, Nantes Université, Nantes, France
| | - Cecilia Lindskog
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Cancer Precision Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Jonathan R. Silva
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - R. Reid Townsend
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University Medical School, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Medicine, Washington University Medical School, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jeanne M. Nerbonne
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Medicine, Washington University Medical School, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University Medical School, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Céline Marionneau
- CNRS, INSERM, L’institut du Thorax, Nantes Université, Nantes, France
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Fossier L, Ben-Johny M. New insights on cardiac Na channel block by an atypical anti-arrhythmic drug. NATURE CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH 2023; 2:494-495. [PMID: 39195887 DOI: 10.1038/s44161-023-00284-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucile Fossier
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Manu Ben-Johny
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
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Angsutararux P, Dutta AK, Marras M, Abella C, Mellor RL, Shi J, Nerbonne JM, Silva JR. Differential regulation of cardiac sodium channels by intracellular fibroblast growth factors. J Gen Physiol 2023; 155:e202213300. [PMID: 36944081 PMCID: PMC10038838 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.202213300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated sodium (NaV) channels are responsible for the initiation and propagation of action potentials. In the heart, the predominant NaV1.5 α subunit is composed of four homologous repeats (I-IV) and forms a macromolecular complex with multiple accessory proteins, including intracellular fibroblast growth factors (iFGF). In spite of high homology, each of the iFGFs, iFGF11-iFGF14, as well as the individual iFGF splice variants, differentially regulates NaV channel gating, and the mechanisms underlying these differential effects remain elusive. Much of the work exploring iFGF regulation of NaV1.5 has been performed in mouse and rat ventricular myocytes in which iFGF13VY is the predominant iFGF expressed, whereas investigation into NaV1.5 regulation by the human heart-dominant iFGF12B is lacking. In this study, we used a mouse model with cardiac-specific Fgf13 deletion to study the consequences of iFGF13VY and iFGF12B expression. We observed distinct effects on the voltage-dependences of activation and inactivation of the sodium currents (INa), as well as on the kinetics of peak INa decay. Results in native myocytes were recapitulated with human NaV1.5 heterologously expressed in Xenopus oocytes, and additional experiments using voltage-clamp fluorometry (VCF) revealed iFGF-specific effects on the activation of the NaV1.5 voltage sensor domain in repeat IV (VSD-IV). iFGF chimeras further unveiled roles for all three iFGF domains (i.e., the N-terminus, core, and C-terminus) on the regulation of VSD-IV, and a slower time domain of inactivation. We present here a novel mechanism of iFGF regulation that is specific to individual iFGF isoforms and that leads to distinct functional effects on NaV channel/current kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweorn Angsutararux
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McKelvey School of Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Amal K. Dutta
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Martina Marras
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McKelvey School of Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Carlota Abella
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McKelvey School of Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Rebecca L. Mellor
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jingyi Shi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McKelvey School of Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jeanne M. Nerbonne
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jonathan R. Silva
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McKelvey School of Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
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Lesage A, Lorenzini M, Burel S, Sarlandie M, Bibault F, Maloney D, Silva JR, Reid Townsend R, Nerbonne JM, Marionneau C. FHF2 phosphorylation and regulation of native myocardial Na V 1.5 channels. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.31.526475. [PMID: 36778222 PMCID: PMC9915605 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.31.526475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorylation of the cardiac Na V 1.5 channel pore-forming subunit is extensive and critical in modulating channel expression and function, yet the regulation of Na V 1.5 by phosphorylation of its accessory proteins remains elusive. Using a phosphoproteomic analysis of Na V channel complexes purified from mouse left ventricles, we identified nine phosphorylation sites on Fibroblast growth factor Homologous Factor 2 (FHF2). To determine the roles of phosphosites in regulating Na V 1.5, we developed two models from neonatal and adult mouse ventricular cardiomyocytes in which FHF2 expression is knockdown and rescued by WT, phosphosilent or phosphomimetic FHF2-VY. While the increased rates of closed-state and open-state inactivation of Na V channels induced by the FHF2 knockdown are completely restored by the FHF2-VY isoform in adult cardiomyocytes, sole a partial rescue is obtained in neonatal cardiomyocytes. The FHF2 knockdown also shifts the voltage-dependence of activation towards hyperpolarized potentials in neonatal cardiomyocytes, which is not rescued by FHF2-VY. Parallel investigations showed that the FHF2-VY isoform is predominant in adult cardiomyocytes, while expression of FHF2-VY and FHF2-A is comparable in neonatal cardiomyocytes. Similar to WT FHF2-VY, however, each FHF2-VY phosphomutant restores the Na V channel inactivation properties in both models, preventing identification of FHF2 phosphosite roles. FHF2 knockdown also increases the late Na + current in adult cardiomyocytes, which is restored similarly by WT and phosphosilent FHF2-VY. Together, our results demonstrate that ventricular FHF2 is highly phosphorylated, implicate differential roles for FHF2 in regulating neonatal and adult mouse ventricular Na V 1.5, and suggest that the regulation of Na V 1.5 by FHF2 phosphorylation is highly complex. eTOC Summary Lesage et al . identify the phosphorylation sites of FHF2 from mouse left ventricular Na V 1.5 channel complexes. While no roles for FHF2 phosphosites could be recognized yet, the findings demonstrate differential FHF2-dependent regulation of neonatal and adult mouse ventricular Na V 1.5 channels.
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Tomaselli GF. BIOLOGICAL ANTIARRHYTHMICS-SODIUM CHANNEL INTERACTING PROTEINS. TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN CLINICAL AND CLIMATOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION 2023; 133:136-148. [PMID: 37701589 PMCID: PMC10493736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Voltage gated Na channels (NaV) are essential for excitation of tissues. Mutations in NaVs cause a spectrum of human disease from autism and epilepsy to cardiac arrhythmias to skeletal myotonias. The carboxyl termini (CT) of NaV channels are hotspots for disease-causing mutations and are richly invested with protein interaction sites. We have focused on the regulation of NaV by two proteins that bind in this region: calmodulin (CaM) and non-secreted fibroblast growth factors (iFGF or FHF). CaM regulates NaV gating, mediating Ca2+-dependent inactivation (CDI) in a channel isoform-specific manner, while Ca2+-free CaM (apo-CaM) binding broadly regulates NaV opening and suppresses the arrhythmogenic late Na current (INa-L). FHFs inhibit CDI, in NaV isoforms that exhibit this property, and potently suppress INa-L, the latter requiring the amino terminus of the FHF. A peptide comprised of the first 39 amino acids of FHF1A is sufficient to inhibit INa-L, constituting a credible specific antiarrhythmic.
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Bamgboye MA, Traficante MK, Owoyemi J, DiSilvestre D, Vieira DCO, Dick IE. Impaired Ca V1.2 inactivation reduces the efficacy of calcium channel blockers in the treatment of LQT8. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2022; 173:92-100. [PMID: 36272554 PMCID: PMC10583761 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2022.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the CaV1.2 L-type calcium channel can cause a profound form of long-QT syndrome known as long-QT type 8 (LQT8), which results in cardiac arrhythmias that are often fatal in early childhood. A growing number of such pathogenic mutations in CaV1.2 have been identified, increasing the need for targeted therapies. As many of these mutations reduce channel inactivation; resulting in excess Ca2+ entry during the action potential, calcium channel blockers (CCBs) would seem to represent a promising treatment option. Yet CCBs have been unsuccessful in the treatment of LQT8. Here, we demonstrate that this lack of efficacy likely stems from the impact of the mutations on CaV1.2 channel inactivation. As CCBs are known to preferentially bind to the inactivated state of the channel, mutation-dependent deficits in inactivation result in a decrease in use-dependent block of the mutant channel. Further, application of the CCB verapamil to induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) derived cardiomyocytes from an LQT8 patient demonstrates that this loss of use-dependent block translates to a lack of efficacy in correcting the LQT phenotype. As a growing number of channelopathic mutations demonstrate effects on channel inactivation, reliance on state-dependent blockers may leave a growing population of patients without a viable treatment option. This biophysical understanding of the interplay between inactivation deficits and state-dependent block may provide a new avenue to guide the development of improved therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moradeke A Bamgboye
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Maria K Traficante
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Josiah Owoyemi
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Deborah DiSilvestre
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Daiana C O Vieira
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Ivy E Dick
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America.
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