1
|
Picinini Freitas L, Douwes-Schultz D, Schmidt AM, Ávila Monsalve B, Salazar Flórez JE, García-Balaguera C, Restrepo BN, Jaramillo-Ramirez GI, Carabali M, Zinszer K. Zika emergence, persistence, and transmission rate in Colombia: a nationwide application of a space-time Markov switching model. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10003. [PMID: 38693192 PMCID: PMC11063144 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59976-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Zika, a viral disease transmitted to humans by Aedes mosquitoes, emerged in the Americas in 2015, causing large-scale epidemics. Colombia alone reported over 72,000 Zika cases between 2015 and 2016. Using national surveillance data from 1121 municipalities over 70 weeks, we identified sociodemographic and environmental factors associated with Zika's emergence, re-emergence, persistence, and transmission intensity in Colombia. We fitted a zero-state Markov-switching model under the Bayesian framework, assuming Zika switched between periods of presence and absence according to spatially and temporally varying probabilities of emergence/re-emergence (from absence to presence) and persistence (from presence to presence). These probabilities were assumed to follow a series of mixed multiple logistic regressions. When Zika was present, assuming that the cases follow a negative binomial distribution, we estimated the transmission intensity rate. Our results indicate that Zika emerged/re-emerged sooner and that transmission was intensified in municipalities that were more densely populated, at lower altitudes and/or with less vegetation cover. Warmer temperatures and less weekly-accumulated rain were also associated with Zika emergence. Zika cases persisted for longer in more densely populated areas with more cases reported in the previous week. Overall, population density, elevation, and temperature were identified as the main contributors to the first Zika epidemic in Colombia. We also estimated the probability of Zika presence by municipality and week, and the results suggest that the disease circulated undetected by the surveillance system on many occasions. Our results offer insights into priority areas for public health interventions against emerging and re-emerging Aedes-borne diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laís Picinini Freitas
- Université de Montréal, École de Santé Publique, Montreal, H3N 1X9, Canada.
- Centre de Recherche en Santé Publique, Montreal, H3N 1X9, Canada.
| | - Dirk Douwes-Schultz
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, H3A 1G1, Canada.
| | - Alexandra M Schmidt
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, H3A 1G1, Canada
| | - Brayan Ávila Monsalve
- Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Faculty of Medicine, Villavicencio, 500003, Colombia
| | - Jorge Emilio Salazar Flórez
- Instituto Colombiano de Medicina Tropical, Universidad CES, Medellín, 055450, Colombia
- Infectious and Chronic Diseases Study Group (GEINCRO), San Martín University Foundation, Medellín, 050031, Colombia
| | - César García-Balaguera
- Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Faculty of Medicine, Villavicencio, 500003, Colombia
| | - Berta N Restrepo
- Instituto Colombiano de Medicina Tropical, Universidad CES, Medellín, 055450, Colombia
| | | | - Mabel Carabali
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, H3A 1G1, Canada
| | - Kate Zinszer
- Université de Montréal, École de Santé Publique, Montreal, H3N 1X9, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Santé Publique, Montreal, H3N 1X9, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Brown JJ, Pascual M, Wimberly MC, Johnson LR, Murdock CC. Humidity - The overlooked variable in the thermal biology of mosquito-borne disease. Ecol Lett 2023; 26:1029-1049. [PMID: 37349261 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Vector-borne diseases cause significant financial and human loss, with billions of dollars spent on control. Arthropod vectors experience a complex suite of environmental factors that affect fitness, population growth and species interactions across multiple spatial and temporal scales. Temperature and water availability are two of the most important abiotic variables influencing their distributions and abundances. While extensive research on temperature exists, the influence of humidity on vector and pathogen parameters affecting disease dynamics are less understood. Humidity is often underemphasized, and when considered, is often treated as independent of temperature even though desiccation likely contributes to declines in trait performance at warmer temperatures. This Perspectives explores how humidity shapes the thermal performance of mosquito-borne pathogen transmission. We summarize what is known about its effects and propose a conceptual model for how temperature and humidity interact to shape the range of temperatures across which mosquitoes persist and achieve high transmission potential. We discuss how failing to account for these interactions hinders efforts to forecast transmission dynamics and respond to epidemics of mosquito-borne infections. We outline future research areas that will ground the effects of humidity on the thermal biology of pathogen transmission in a theoretical and empirical framework to improve spatial and temporal prediction of vector-borne pathogen transmission.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joel J Brown
- Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Mercedes Pascual
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Michael C Wimberly
- Department of Geography and Environmental Sustainability, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Leah R Johnson
- Department of Statistics, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jenwitheesuk K, Peansukwech U, Jenwitheesuk K. Predictive MERRA-2 aerosol diagnostic model for oral, oropharyngeal and laryngeal cancer caused by air pollution in Thai population. Toxicol Rep 2022; 9:970-976. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2022.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
|
4
|
Oidtman RJ, Omodei E, Kraemer MUG, Castañeda-Orjuela CA, Cruz-Rivera E, Misnaza-Castrillón S, Cifuentes MP, Rincon LE, Cañon V, Alarcon PD, España G, Huber JH, Hill SC, Barker CM, Johansson MA, Manore CA, Reiner RC, Rodriguez-Barraquer I, Siraj AS, Frias-Martinez E, García-Herranz M, Perkins TA. Trade-offs between individual and ensemble forecasts of an emerging infectious disease. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5379. [PMID: 34508077 PMCID: PMC8433472 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25695-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Probabilistic forecasts play an indispensable role in answering questions about the spread of newly emerged pathogens. However, uncertainties about the epidemiology of emerging pathogens can make it difficult to choose among alternative model structures and assumptions. To assess the potential for uncertainties about emerging pathogens to affect forecasts of their spread, we evaluated the performance 16 forecasting models in the context of the 2015-2016 Zika epidemic in Colombia. Each model featured a different combination of assumptions about human mobility, spatiotemporal variation in transmission potential, and the number of virus introductions. We found that which model assumptions had the most ensemble weight changed through time. We additionally identified a trade-off whereby some individual models outperformed ensemble models early in the epidemic, but on average the ensembles outperformed all individual models. Our results suggest that multiple models spanning uncertainty across alternative assumptions are necessary to obtain robust forecasts for emerging infectious diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel J Oidtman
- Department of Biological Sciences and Eck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA.
- UNICEF, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | | | - Moritz U G Kraemer
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Guido España
- Department of Biological Sciences and Eck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - John H Huber
- Department of Biological Sciences and Eck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - Sarah C Hill
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, London, UK
| | - Christopher M Barker
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicince, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Michael A Johansson
- Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Carrie A Manore
- Information Systems and Modeling (A-1), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - Robert C Reiner
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Amir S Siraj
- Department of Biological Sciences and Eck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | | | | | - T Alex Perkins
- Department of Biological Sciences and Eck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ngonghala CN, Ryan SJ, Tesla B, Demakovsky LR, Mordecai EA, Murdock CC, Bonds MH. Effects of changes in temperature on Zika dynamics and control. J R Soc Interface 2021; 18:20210165. [PMID: 33947225 PMCID: PMC8097513 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2021.0165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
When a rare pathogen emerges to cause a pandemic, it is critical to understand its dynamics and the impact of mitigation measures. We use experimental data to parametrize a temperature-dependent model of Zika virus (ZIKV) transmission dynamics and analyse the effects of temperature variability and control-related parameters on the basic reproduction number (R0) and the final epidemic size of ZIKV. Sensitivity analyses show that these two metrics are largely driven by different parameters, with the exception of temperature, which is the dominant driver of epidemic dynamics in the models. Our R0 estimate has a single optimum temperature (≈30°C), comparable to other published results (≈29°C). However, the final epidemic size is maximized across a wider temperature range, from 24 to 36°C. The models indicate that ZIKV is highly sensitive to seasonal temperature variation. For example, although the model predicts that ZIKV transmission cannot occur at a constant temperature below 23°C (≈ average annual temperature of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil), the model predicts substantial epidemics for areas with a mean temperature of 20°C if there is seasonal variation of 10°C (≈ average annual temperature of Tampa, Florida). This suggests that the geographical range of ZIKV is wider than indicated from static R0 models, underscoring the importance of climate dynamics and variation in the context of broader climate change on emerging infectious diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Calistus N Ngonghala
- Department of Mathematics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA
| | - Sadie J Ryan
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA
- Quantitative Disease Ecology and Conservation Laboratory, Department of Geography, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Blanka Tesla
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
- Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Leah R Demakovsky
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Erin A Mordecai
- Biology Department, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Courtney C Murdock
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
- Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
- Center of Ecology of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
- River Basin Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
- Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
- Northeast Regional Center of Excellence for Vector-borne Disease Research and the Cornell Institute for Host-Microbe Interactions and Disease, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| | - Matthew H Bonds
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sun H, Dickens BL, Jit M, Cook AR, Carrasco LR. Mapping the cryptic spread of the 2015-2016 global Zika virus epidemic. BMC Med 2020; 18:399. [PMID: 33327961 PMCID: PMC7744256 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-020-01845-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Zika virus (ZIKV) emerged as a global epidemic in 2015-2016 from Latin America with its true geographical extent remaining unclear due to widely presumed underreporting. The identification of locations with potential and unknown spread of ZIKV is a key yet understudied component for outbreak preparedness. Here, we aim to identify locations at a high risk of cryptic ZIKV spread during 2015-2016 to further the understanding of the global ZIKV epidemiology, which is critical for the mitigation of the risk of future epidemics. METHODS We developed an importation simulation model to estimate the weekly number of ZIKV infections imported in each susceptible spatial unit (i.e. location that did not report any autochthonous Zika cases during 2015-2016), integrating epidemiological, demographic, and travel data as model inputs. Thereafter, a global risk model was applied to estimate the weekly ZIKV transmissibility during 2015-2016 for each location. Finally, we assessed the risk of onward ZIKV spread following importation in each susceptible spatial unit to identify locations with a high potential for cryptic ZIKV spread during 2015-2016. RESULTS We have found 24 susceptible spatial units that were likely to have experienced cryptic ZIKV spread during 2015-2016, of which 10 continue to have a high risk estimate within a highly conservative scenario, namely, Luanda in Angola, Banten in Indonesia, Maharashtra in India, Lagos in Nigeria, Taiwan and Guangdong in China, Dakar in Senegal, Maputo in Mozambique, Kinshasa in Congo DRC, and Pool in Congo. Notably, among the 24 susceptible spatial units identified, some have reported their first ZIKV outbreaks since 2017, thus adding to the credibility of our results (derived using 2015-2016 data only). CONCLUSION Our study has provided valuable insights into the potentially high-risk locations for cryptic ZIKV circulation during the 2015-2016 pandemic and has also laid a foundation for future studies that attempt to further narrow this key knowledge gap. Our modelling framework can be adapted to identify areas with likely unknown spread of other emerging vector-borne diseases, which has important implications for public health readiness especially in resource-limited settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haoyang Sun
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, 12 Science Drive 2, Singapore, 117549, Republic of Singapore.
| | - Borame L Dickens
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, 12 Science Drive 2, Singapore, 117549, Republic of Singapore
| | - Mark Jit
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
- Modelling and Economics Unit, Public Health England, London, UK
| | - Alex R Cook
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, 12 Science Drive 2, Singapore, 117549, Republic of Singapore.
| | - L Roman Carrasco
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore, 117543, Republic of Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ferreira PG, Tesla B, Horácio ECA, Nahum LA, Brindley MA, de Oliveira Mendes TA, Murdock CC. Temperature Dramatically Shapes Mosquito Gene Expression With Consequences for Mosquito-Zika Virus Interactions. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:901. [PMID: 32595607 PMCID: PMC7303344 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Vector-borne flaviviruses are emerging threats to human health. For successful transmission, the virus needs to efficiently enter mosquito cells and replicate within and escape several tissue barriers while mosquitoes elicit major transcriptional responses to flavivirus infection. This process will be affected not only by the specific mosquito-pathogen pairing but also by variation in key environmental variables such as temperature. Thus far, few studies have examined the molecular responses triggered by temperature and how these responses modify infection outcomes, despite substantial evidence showing strong relationships between temperature and transmission in a diversity of systems. To define the host transcriptional changes associated with temperature variation during the early infection process, we compared the transcriptome of mosquito midgut samples from mosquitoes exposed to Zika virus (ZIKV) and non-exposed mosquitoes housed at three different temperatures (20, 28, and 36°C). While the high-temperature samples did not show significant changes from those with standard rearing conditions (28°C) 48 h post-exposure, the transcriptome profile of mosquitoes housed at 20°C was dramatically different. The expression of genes most altered by the cooler temperature involved aspects of blood-meal digestion, ROS metabolism, and mosquito innate immunity. Further, we did not find significant differences in the viral RNA copy number between 24 and 48 h post-exposure at 20°C, suggesting that ZIKV replication is limited by cold-induced changes to the mosquito midgut environment. In ZIKV-exposed mosquitoes, vitellogenin, a lipid carrier protein, was most up-regulated at 20°C. Our results provide a deeper understanding of the temperature-triggered transcriptional changes in Aedes aegypti and can be used to further define the molecular mechanisms driven by environmental temperature variation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Blanka Tesla
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Elvira Cynthia Alves Horácio
- René Rachou Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Department of Genetics, Ecology and Evolution, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Laila Alves Nahum
- René Rachou Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Department of Genetics, Ecology and Evolution, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Promove College of Technology, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Melinda Ann Brindley
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States.,Department of Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States.,Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | | | - Courtney Cuinn Murdock
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States.,Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States.,Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States.,Center for the Ecology of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States.,Center for Emerging and Global Tropical Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States.,River Basin Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States.,Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Modeling human migration across spatial scales in Colombia. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0232702. [PMID: 32379787 PMCID: PMC7205305 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0232702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Human mobility, both short and long term, are important considerations in the study of numerous systems. Economic and technological advances have led to a more interconnected global community, further increasing the need for considerations of human mobility. While data on human mobility are better recorded in many developed countries, availability of such data remains limited in many low- and middle-income countries around the world, particularly at the fine temporal and spatial scales required by many applications. In this study, we used 5-year census-based internal migration microdata for 32 departments in Colombia (i.e., Admin-1 level) to develop a novel spatial interaction modeling approach for estimating migration, at a finer spatial scale, among the 1,122 municipalities in the country (i.e., Admin-2 level). Our modeling approach addresses a significant lack of migration data at administrative unit levels finer than those at which migration data are typically recorded. Due to the widespread availability of census-based migration microdata at the Admin-1 level, our modeling approach opens up for the possibilities of modeling migration patterns at Admin-2 and Admin-3 levels across many other countries where such data are currently lacking.
Collapse
|
9
|
Perkins TA, Rodriguez-Barraquer I, Manore C, Siraj AS, España G, Barker CM, Johansson MA, Reiner RC. Heterogeneous local dynamics revealed by classification analysis of spatially disaggregated time series data. Epidemics 2019; 29:100357. [PMID: 31607654 DOI: 10.1016/j.epidem.2019.100357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Time series data provide a crucial window into infectious disease dynamics, yet their utility is often limited by the spatially aggregated form in which they are presented. When working with time series data, violating the implicit assumption of homogeneous dynamics below the scale of spatial aggregation could bias inferences about underlying processes. We tested this assumption in the context of the 2015-2016 Zika epidemic in Colombia, where time series of weekly case reports were available at national, departmental, and municipal scales. First, we performed a descriptive analysis, which showed that the timing of departmental-level epidemic peaks varied by three months and that departmental-level estimates of the time-varying reproduction number, R(t), showed patterns that were distinct from a national-level estimate. Second, we applied a classification algorithm to six features of proportional cumulative incidence curves, which showed that variability in epidemic duration, the length of the epidemic tail, and consistency with a cumulative normal density curve made the greatest contributions to distinguishing groups. Third, we applied this classification algorithm to data simulated with a stochastic transmission model, which showed that group assignments were consistent with simulated differences in the basic reproduction number, R0. This result, along with associations between spatial drivers of transmission and group assignments based on observed data, suggests that the classification algorithm is capable of detecting differences in temporal patterns that are associated with differences in underlying drivers of incidence patterns. Overall, this diversity of temporal patterns at local scales underscores the value of spatially disaggregated time series data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Alex Perkins
- Department of Biological Sciences and Eck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, United States.
| | | | - Carrie Manore
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, United States.
| | - Amir S Siraj
- Department of Biological Sciences and Eck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, United States.
| | - Guido España
- Department of Biological Sciences and Eck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, United States.
| | - Christopher M Barker
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of California, Davis, United States.
| | - Michael A Johansson
- Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, United States; Center for Communicable Disease Dynamics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, United States.
| | - Robert C Reiner
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Martínez-Bello DA, López-Quílez A, Prieto AT. Joint Estimation of Relative Risk for Dengue and Zika Infections, Colombia, 2015-2016. Emerg Infect Dis 2019; 25:1118-1126. [PMID: 31107226 PMCID: PMC6537708 DOI: 10.3201/eid2506.180392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We jointly estimated relative risk for dengue and Zika virus disease (Zika) in Colombia, establishing the spatial association between them at the department and city levels for October 2015-December 2016. Cases of dengue and Zika were allocated to the 87 municipalities of 1 department and the 293 census sections of 1 city in Colombia. We fitted 8 hierarchical Bayesian Poisson joint models of relative risk for dengue and Zika, including area- and disease-specific random effects accounting for several spatial patterns of disease risk (clustered or uncorrelated heterogeneity) within and between both diseases. Most of the dengue and Zika high-risk municipalities varied in their risk distribution; those for Zika were in the northern part of the department and dengue in the southern to northeastern parts. At city level, spatially clustered patterns of dengue high-risk census sections indicated Zika high-risk areas. This information can be used to inform public health decision making.
Collapse
|
11
|
Rodriguez-Barraquer I, Salje H, Cummings DA. Opportunities for improved surveillance and control of dengue from age-specific case data. eLife 2019; 8:45474. [PMID: 31120419 PMCID: PMC6579519 DOI: 10.7554/elife.45474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the challenges faced by global disease surveillance efforts is the lack of comparability across systems. Reporting commonly focuses on overall incidence, despite differences in surveillance quality between and within countries. For most immunizing infections, the age distribution of incident cases provides a more robust picture of trends in transmission. We present a framework to estimate transmission intensity for dengue virus from age-specific incidence data, and apply it to 359 administrative units in Thailand, Colombia, Brazil and Mexico. Our estimates correlate well with those derived from seroprevalence data (the gold standard), capture the expected spatial heterogeneity in risk, and correlate with known environmental drivers of transmission. We show how this approach could be used to guide the implementation of control strategies such as vaccination. Since age-specific counts are routinely collected by masany surveillance systems, they represent a unique opportunity to further our understanding of disease burden and risk for many diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Henrik Salje
- Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,CNRS, URA3012, Paris, France.,Center of Bioinformatics, Biostatistics and Integrative Biology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States.,Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States
| | - Derek A Cummings
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States.,Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Moore SM, Ten Bosch QA, Siraj AS, Soda KJ, España G, Campo A, Gómez S, Salas D, Raybaud B, Wenger E, Welkhoff P, Perkins TA. Local and regional dynamics of chikungunya virus transmission in Colombia: the role of mismatched spatial heterogeneity. BMC Med 2018; 16:152. [PMID: 30157921 PMCID: PMC6116375 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-018-1127-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mathematical models of transmission dynamics are routinely fitted to epidemiological time series, which must inevitably be aggregated at some spatial scale. Weekly case reports of chikungunya have been made available nationally for numerous countries in the Western Hemisphere since late 2013, and numerous models have made use of this data set for forecasting and inferential purposes. Motivated by an abundance of literature suggesting that the transmission of this mosquito-borne pathogen is localized at scales much finer than nationally, we fitted models at three different spatial scales to weekly case reports from Colombia to explore limitations of analyses of nationally aggregated time series data. METHODS We adapted the recently developed Disease Transmission Kernel (DTK)-Dengue model for modeling chikungunya virus (CHIKV) transmission, given the numerous similarities of these viruses vectored by a common mosquito vector. We fitted versions of this model specified at different spatial scales to weekly case reports aggregated at different spatial scales: (1) single-patch national model fitted to national data; (2) single-patch departmental models fitted to departmental data; and (3) multi-patch departmental models fitted to departmental data, where the multiple patches refer to municipalities within a department. We compared the consistency of simulations from fitted models with empirical data. RESULTS We found that model consistency with epidemic dynamics improved with increasing spatial granularity of the model. Specifically, the sum of single-patch departmental model fits better captured national-level temporal patterns than did a single-patch national model. Likewise, multi-patch departmental model fits better captured department-level temporal patterns than did single-patch departmental model fits. Furthermore, inferences about municipal-level incidence based on multi-patch departmental models fitted to department-level data were positively correlated with municipal-level data that were withheld from model fitting. CONCLUSIONS Our model performed better when posed at finer spatial scales, due to better matching between human populations with locally relevant risk. Confronting spatially aggregated models with spatially aggregated data imposes a serious structural constraint on model behavior by averaging over epidemiologically meaningful spatial variation in drivers of transmission, impairing the ability of models to reproduce empirical patterns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sean M Moore
- Department of Biological Sciences and Eck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA.
| | - Quirine A Ten Bosch
- Department of Biological Sciences and Eck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
- Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases Unit, Institut Pasteur, 75015, Paris, France
- CNRS UMR2000: Génomique évolutive, modélisation et santé (GEMS), Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- Center of Bioinformatics, Biostatistics and Integrative Biology, Institut Pasteur, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Amir S Siraj
- Department of Biological Sciences and Eck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - K James Soda
- Department of Biological Sciences and Eck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - Guido España
- Department of Biological Sciences and Eck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - Alfonso Campo
- Subdirección de Análisis de Riesgo y Respuesta Inmediata en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Sara Gómez
- Grupo de Enfermedades Transmisibles, Instituto Nacional de Salud de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Daniela Salas
- Grupo de Enfermedades Transmisibles, Instituto Nacional de Salud de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | | | | | - T Alex Perkins
- Department of Biological Sciences and Eck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Tesla B, Demakovsky LR, Mordecai EA, Ryan SJ, Bonds MH, Ngonghala CN, Brindley MA, Murdock CC. Temperature drives Zika virus transmission: evidence from empirical and mathematical models. Proc Biol Sci 2018; 285:20180795. [PMID: 30111605 PMCID: PMC6111177 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2018.0795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Temperature is a strong driver of vector-borne disease transmission. Yet, for emerging arboviruses we lack fundamental knowledge on the relationship between transmission and temperature. Current models rely on the untested assumption that Zika virus responds similarly to dengue virus, potentially limiting our ability to accurately predict the spread of Zika. We conducted experiments to estimate the thermal performance of Zika virus (ZIKV) in field-derived Aedes aegypti across eight constant temperatures. We observed strong, unimodal effects of temperature on vector competence, extrinsic incubation period and mosquito survival. We used thermal responses of these traits to update an existing temperature-dependent model to infer temperature effects on ZIKV transmission. ZIKV transmission was optimized at 29°C, and had a thermal range of 22.7°C-34.7°C. Thus, as temperatures move towards the predicted thermal optimum (29°C) owing to climate change, urbanization or seasonality, Zika could expand north and into longer seasons. By contrast, areas that are near the thermal optimum were predicted to experience a decrease in overall environmental suitability. We also demonstrate that the predicted thermal minimum for Zika transmission is 5°C warmer than that of dengue, and current global estimates on the environmental suitability for Zika are greatly over-predicting its possible range.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Blanka Tesla
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
- Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Leah R Demakovsky
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | | | - Sadie J Ryan
- Quantitative Disease Ecology and Conservation Laboratory, Department of Geography, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- College of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Matthew H Bonds
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Melinda A Brindley
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
- Department of Population Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Courtney C Murdock
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
- Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
- Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
- Center of Ecology of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
- River Basin Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Siraj AS, Rodriguez-Barraquer I, Barker CM, Tejedor-Garavito N, Harding D, Lorton C, Lukacevic D, Oates G, Espana G, Kraemer MUG, Manore C, Johansson MA, Tatem AJ, Reiner RC, Perkins TA. Spatiotemporal incidence of Zika and associated environmental drivers for the 2015-2016 epidemic in Colombia. Sci Data 2018; 5:180073. [PMID: 29688216 PMCID: PMC5914286 DOI: 10.1038/sdata.2018.73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite a long history of mosquito-borne virus epidemics in the Americas, the impact of the Zika virus (ZIKV) epidemic of 2015–2016 was unexpected. The need for scientifically informed decision-making is driving research to understand the emergence and spread of ZIKV. To support that research, we assembled a data set of key covariates for modeling ZIKV transmission dynamics in Colombia, where ZIKV transmission was widespread and the government made incidence data publically available. On a weekly basis between January 1, 2014 and October 1, 2016 at three administrative levels, we collated spatiotemporal Zika incidence data, nine environmental variables, and demographic data into a single downloadable database. These new datasets and those we identified, processed, and assembled at comparable spatial and temporal resolutions will save future researchers considerable time and effort in performing these data processing steps, enabling them to focus instead on extracting epidemiological insights from this important data set. Similar approaches could prove useful for filling data gaps to enable epidemiological analyses of future disease emergence events.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amir S Siraj
- Department of Biological Sciences and Eck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, 345 Galvin Hall, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Isabel Rodriguez-Barraquer
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Christopher M Barker
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, 5329 Vet Med 3A, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Natalia Tejedor-Garavito
- WorldPop, Department of Geography and Environment, University of Southampton, University Road, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK.,Flowminder Foundation, Roslagsgatan 17, SE-11355, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dennis Harding
- Institute for Disease Modeling, Bellevue, 3150 139th Ave SE, WA 98005, USA
| | - Christopher Lorton
- Institute for Disease Modeling, Bellevue, 3150 139th Ave SE, WA 98005, USA
| | - Dejan Lukacevic
- Institute for Disease Modeling, Bellevue, 3150 139th Ave SE, WA 98005, USA
| | - Gene Oates
- Institute for Disease Modeling, Bellevue, 3150 139th Ave SE, WA 98005, USA
| | - Guido Espana
- Department of Biological Sciences and Eck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, 345 Galvin Hall, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Moritz U G Kraemer
- Spatial Ecology and Epidemiology Group, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK.,Harvard Medical School, 10 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Carrie Manore
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - Michael A Johansson
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1324 Calle Canada, San Juan, PR 00920-3860, USA.,Center for Communicable Disease Dynamics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave., Suite 506, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Andrew J Tatem
- WorldPop, Department of Geography and Environment, University of Southampton, University Road, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK.,Flowminder Foundation, Roslagsgatan 17, SE-11355, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Robert C Reiner
- Department of Global Health and Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, 2301 Fifth Ave., Suite 600, Seattle, WA 98121, USA
| | - T Alex Perkins
- Department of Biological Sciences and Eck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, 345 Galvin Hall, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| |
Collapse
|