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Maier I, Ruegger PM, Deutschmann J, Helbich TH, Pietschmann P, Schiestl RH, Borneman J. Particle Radiation Side-Effects: Intestinal Microbiota Composition Shapes Interferon-γ-Induced Osteo-Immunogenicity. Radiat Res 2021; 197:184-192. [DOI: 10.1667/rade-21-00065.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Irene Maier
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Paul M. Ruegger
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California
| | - Julia Deutschmann
- Department for Radiologic Technology, University of Applied Sciences Wiener Neustadt for Business and Engineering Ltd., Lower Austria, Austria
| | - Thomas H. Helbich
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Pietschmann
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Robert H. Schiestl
- Departments of Pathology and Environmental Health Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - James Borneman
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California
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2
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Vinnikov V, Hande MP, Wilkins R, Wojcik A, Zubizarreta E, Belyakov O. Prediction of the Acute or Late Radiation Toxicity Effects in Radiotherapy Patients Using Ex Vivo Induced Biodosimetric Markers: A Review. J Pers Med 2020; 10:E285. [PMID: 33339312 PMCID: PMC7766345 DOI: 10.3390/jpm10040285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A search for effective methods for the assessment of patients' individual response to radiation is one of the important tasks of clinical radiobiology. This review summarizes available data on the use of ex vivo cytogenetic markers, typically used for biodosimetry, for the prediction of individual clinical radiosensitivity (normal tissue toxicity, NTT) in cells of cancer patients undergoing therapeutic irradiation. In approximately 50% of the relevant reports, selected for the analysis in peer-reviewed international journals, the average ex vivo induced yield of these biodosimetric markers was higher in patients with severe reactions than in patients with a lower grade of NTT. Also, a significant correlation was sometimes found between the biodosimetric marker yield and the severity of acute or late NTT reactions at an individual level, but this observation was not unequivocally proven. A similar controversy of published results was found regarding the attempts to apply G2- and γH2AX foci assays for NTT prediction. A correlation between ex vivo cytogenetic biomarker yields and NTT occurred most frequently when chromosome aberrations (not micronuclei) were measured in lymphocytes (not fibroblasts) irradiated to relatively high doses (4-6 Gy, not 2 Gy) in patients with various grades of late (not early) radiotherapy (RT) morbidity. The limitations of existing approaches are discussed, and recommendations on the improvement of the ex vivo cytogenetic testing for NTT prediction are provided. However, the efficiency of these methods still needs to be validated in properly organized clinical trials involving large and verified patient cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volodymyr Vinnikov
- S.P. Grigoriev Institute for Medical Radiology and Oncology, National Academy of Medical Science of Ukraine, 61024 Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Manoor Prakash Hande
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, MD9, 2 Medical Drive, Singapore 117593, Singapore;
| | - Ruth Wilkins
- Consumer and Clinical Radiation Protection Bureau, Health Canada, 775 Brookfield Road, Ottawa, ON K1A 1C1, Canada;
| | - Andrzej Wojcik
- Centre for Radiation Protection Research, MBW Department, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 20C, Room 515, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Eduardo Zubizarreta
- Section of Applied Radiation Biology and Radiotherapy, Division of Human Health, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna International Centre, P.O. Box 100, 1400 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Oleg Belyakov
- Section of Applied Radiation Biology and Radiotherapy, Division of Human Health, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna International Centre, P.O. Box 100, 1400 Vienna, Austria;
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3
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Zyla J, Kabacik S, O'Brien G, Wakil S, Al-Harbi N, Kaprio J, Badie C, Polanska J, Alsbeih G. Combining CDKN1A gene expression and genome-wide SNPs in a twin cohort to gain insight into the heritability of individual radiosensitivity. Funct Integr Genomics 2019; 19:575-585. [PMID: 30706161 PMCID: PMC6570669 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-019-00658-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Individual variability in response to radiation exposure is recognised and has often been reported as important in treatment planning. Despite many efforts to identify biomarkers allowing the identification of radiation sensitive patients, it is not yet possible to distinguish them with certainty before the beginning of the radiotherapy treatment. A comprehensive analysis of genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and a transcriptional response to ionising radiation exposure in twins have the potential to identify such an individual. In the present work, we investigated SNP profile and CDKN1A gene expression in blood T lymphocytes from 130 healthy Caucasians with a complex level of individual kinship (unrelated, mono- or dizygotic twins). It was found that genetic variation accounts for 66% (95% CI 37-82%) of CDKN1A transcriptional response to radiation exposure. We developed a novel integrative multi-kinship strategy allowing investigating the role of genome-wide polymorphisms in transcriptomic radiation response, and it revealed that rs205543 (ETV6 gene), rs2287505 and rs1263612 (KLF7 gene) are significantly associated with CDKN1A expression level. The functional analysis revealed that rs6974232 (RPA3 gene), involved in mismatch repair (p value = 9.68e-04) as well as in RNA repair (p value = 1.4e-03) might have an important role in that process. Two missense polymorphisms with possible deleterious effect in humans were identified: rs1133833 (AKIP1 gene) and rs17362588 (CCDC141 gene). In summary, the data presented here support the validity of this novel integrative data analysis strategy to provide insights into the identification of SNPs potentially influencing radiation sensitivity. Further investigations in radiation response research at the genomic level should be therefore continued to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Zyla
- Data Mining Division, Faculty of Automatic Control, Electronic and Computer Science, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 16, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Sylwia Kabacik
- Cellular Biology Group, Radiation Effects Department, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Chilton, Didcot, OX11 0RQ, UK
| | - Grainne O'Brien
- Cancer Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, Radiation Effects Department, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Chilton, Didcot, OX11 0RQ, UK
| | - Salma Wakil
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Najla Al-Harbi
- Radiation Biology Section, Biomedical Physics Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Jaakko Kaprio
- Department of Public Health and Institute for Molecular Medicine FIMM, University of Helsinki, 00140, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Christophe Badie
- Cancer Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, Radiation Effects Department, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Chilton, Didcot, OX11 0RQ, UK
| | - Joanna Polanska
- Data Mining Division, Faculty of Automatic Control, Electronic and Computer Science, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 16, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland.
| | - Ghazi Alsbeih
- Radiation Biology Section, Biomedical Physics Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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4
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Medda E, Minoprio A, Nisticò L, Bocca B, Simonelli V, D'Errico M, Calcagnile A, Giuliani A, Toccaceli V, Minghetti L, Alimonti A, Stazi MA, Mazzei F, Dogliotti E. The response to oxidative stress and metallomics analysis in a twin study: The role of the environment. Free Radic Biol Med 2016; 97:236-243. [PMID: 27264237 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Inefficient response to oxidative stress has been associated with ageing and health risk. Metals are known to inhibit DNA repair and may modify the antioxidant response. How genetic variability and lifestyle factors modulate the response to oxidative stress is poorly explored. Our study aims to disentangle the contribution of genetics and environmental exposures to oxidative stress response using data from twin pairs. The non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity (NEAC), the repair capacity of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (OGG activity) and the levels of 12 metals were measured in blood of 64 monozygotic and 31 dizygotic twin pairs. The contributions of genetic and environmental effects were assessed using standard univariate twin modelling. NEAC and OGG activity significantly decreased with age. Gender-, age- and body mass index-associated differences were identified for some metals. Principal Component Analysis identified two groups of metals whose levels in blood were highly correlated: As, Hg, Pb, Se, Zn and Al, Co, Cr, Mn, Ni. The environmental influence was predominant on OGG activity and NEAC variance whereas for most metals the best-fitting model incorporated additive genetic and unique environmental sources of variance. NEAC and OGG activity were both inversely correlated with blood levels of various metals. The inhibition of OGG activity by Cd was largely explained by smoking. Our data show a substantial role of environmental factors in NEAC and OGG activity variance that is not explained by twins' age. Exogenous environmental factors such as metals contribute to oxidative stress by decreasing NEAC and inhibiting repair of oxidatively-induced DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Medda
- National Center of Epidemiology, Surveillance and Health Promotion, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Minoprio
- Department of Environment and Primary Prevention, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenza Nisticò
- National Center of Epidemiology, Surveillance and Health Promotion, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Beatrice Bocca
- Department of Environment and Primary Prevention, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Simonelli
- Department of Environment and Primary Prevention, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Mariarosaria D'Errico
- Department of Environment and Primary Prevention, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Angelo Calcagnile
- Department of Environment and Primary Prevention, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Giuliani
- Department of Environment and Primary Prevention, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Virgilia Toccaceli
- National Center of Epidemiology, Surveillance and Health Promotion, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Luisa Minghetti
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Alimonti
- Department of Environment and Primary Prevention, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Antonietta Stazi
- National Center of Epidemiology, Surveillance and Health Promotion, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Filomena Mazzei
- Department of Environment and Primary Prevention, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
| | - Eugenia Dogliotti
- Department of Environment and Primary Prevention, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
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5
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Locke PA, Weil MM. Personalized Cancer Risk Assessments for Space Radiation Exposures. Front Oncol 2016; 6:38. [PMID: 26942127 PMCID: PMC4762001 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2016.00038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Individuals differ in their susceptibility to radiogenic cancers, and there is evidence that this inter-individual susceptibility extends to HZE ion-induced carcinogenesis. Three components of individual risk: sex, age at exposure, and prior tobacco use, are already incorporated into the NASA cancer risk model used to determine safe days in space for US astronauts. Here, we examine other risk factors that could potentially be included in risk calculations. These include personal and family medical history, the presence of pre-malignant cells that could undergo malignant transformation as a consequence of radiation exposure, the results from phenotypic assays of radiosensitivity, heritable genetic polymorphisms associated with radiosensitivity, and postflight monitoring. Inclusion of these additional risk or risk reduction factors has the potential to personalize risk estimates for individual astronauts and could influence the determination of safe days in space. We consider how this type of assessment could be used and explore how the provisions of the federal Genetic Information Non-discrimination Act could impact the collection, dissemination and use of this information by NASA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A Locke
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health , Baltimore, MD , USA
| | - Michael M Weil
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University , Fort Collins, CO , USA
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6
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Yu GP, Xiao QY, Shi ZQ, Tang LS, Ma XP, Zhang LY, Chen HT, Wang WJ, Zhang PY, Ding DL, Huang HX, Saiyin H, Chen TY, Lu PX, Wang NJ, Yu HJ, Sun JL, Zheng SL, Xu JF, Yu L, Jiang DK. Genetic polymorphisms in apoptosis-related genes and the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Am J Cancer Res 2015; 5:3249-3259. [PMID: 26693075 PMCID: PMC4656746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The apoptotic pathway is important in the control of vital processes of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In the current study, we aimed to determine whether apoptotic gene-related polymorphisms modified HCC prognosis. We genotyped 16 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 10 core genes (TP53, TP53INP1, TP53BP1, CDKN2A, CDKN1A, CDKN1B, MDM2, BAX, CCDN1 and BCL2) in the apoptotic pathway by using DNA from blood samples of 362 HCC patients receiving surgical resection of HCC tumor. The associations between genotypes/haplotypes of the 10 genes and overall survival (OS) of HCC patients were assessed using the Cox proportional hazards model. We found one CDKN1B haplotype CCT/ACT (constructed by rs36228499 C>A, rs34330 C>T and rs2066827 T>G) significantly associated with decreased OS of HCC patients, compared to the common haplotype ACT/CTT both in univariate analysis (P=0.013, HR=1.198, 95% CI: 1.039-1.381) and multivariate analysis (P=0.006, HR=1.224, 95% CI: 1.059-1.413). We also find two SNPs (rs560191 G>C and rs2602141 T>G) in TP53BP1 shown to be marginally significantly associated with decreased OS of HCC patients. However, none of the other SNPs or haplotypes were significantly associated with HCC OS. Our results illustrated the potential use of CDKN1B haplotype as a prognostic marker for HCC patients with surgical resection of tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Peng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
- Center for genetic Epidemiology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
- Center for Genetic Translational Medicine and Prevention, School of Public Health, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
- Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
- Department of Urology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai, China
- Center for Cancer Genomics, Wake Forest University School of MedicineWinston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Qian-Yi Xiao
- Center for Genetic Translational Medicine and Prevention, School of Public Health, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Zhu-Qing Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
- Center for genetic Epidemiology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
- Center for Genetic Translational Medicine and Prevention, School of Public Health, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Li-Sha Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Pin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Lu-Yao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Hai-Tao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
- Center for genetic Epidemiology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
- Center for Genetic Translational Medicine and Prevention, School of Public Health, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Wen-Jia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
- Center for genetic Epidemiology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
- Center for Genetic Translational Medicine and Prevention, School of Public Health, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Peng-Yin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
- Center for genetic Epidemiology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
- Center for Genetic Translational Medicine and Prevention, School of Public Health, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Dong-Lin Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Hui-Xing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Hexige Saiyin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Tao-Yang Chen
- Qidong Liver Cancer Institute, Qidong People’s HospitalQidong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pei-Xin Lu
- Qidong Liver Cancer Institute, Qidong People’s HospitalQidong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Neng-Jin Wang
- Qidong Liver Cancer Institute, Qidong People’s HospitalQidong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hong-Jie Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
- Center for genetic Epidemiology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
- Center for Genetic Translational Medicine and Prevention, School of Public Health, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Jie-Lin Sun
- Center for Cancer Genomics, Wake Forest University School of MedicineWinston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - S Lilly Zheng
- Center for Cancer Genomics, Wake Forest University School of MedicineWinston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
- Center for Genomic Cancer Research, North Shore University Health SystemEvanston, IL, USA
| | - Jian-Feng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
- Center for genetic Epidemiology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
- Center for Genetic Translational Medicine and Prevention, School of Public Health, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
- Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
- Center for Genomic Cancer Research, North Shore University Health SystemEvanston, IL, USA
| | - Long Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
- Institute of Biomedical Science, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
| | - De-Ke Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
- Center for genetic Epidemiology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
- Center for Genetic Translational Medicine and Prevention, School of Public Health, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
- Center for Cancer Genomics, Wake Forest University School of MedicineWinston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
- Center for Genomic Cancer Research, North Shore University Health SystemEvanston, IL, USA
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7
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Garm C, Moreno-Villanueva M, Bürkle A, Larsen LA, Bohr VA, Christensen K, Stevnsner T. Genetic and environmental influence on DNA strand break repair: a twin study. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2013; 54:414-20. [PMID: 23798034 PMCID: PMC4586258 DOI: 10.1002/em.21791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2013] [Revised: 05/13/2013] [Accepted: 06/03/2013] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation of DNA damage deriving from exogenous and endogenous sources has significant consequences for cellular survival, and is implicated in aging, cancer, and neurological diseases. Different DNA repair pathways have evolved in order to maintain genomic stability. Genetic and environmental factors are likely to influence DNA repair capacity. In order to gain more insight into the genetic and environmental contribution to the molecular basis of DNA repair, we have performed a human twin study, where we focused on the consequences of some of the most abundant types of DNA damage (single-strand breaks), and some of the most hazardous lesions (DNA double-strand breaks). DNA damage signaling response (Gamma-H2AX signaling), relative amount of endogenous damage, and DNA-strand break repair capacities were studied in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 198 twins (94 monozygotic and 104 dizygotic). We did not detect genetic effects on the DNA-strand break variables in our study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Garm
- Danish Center of Molecular Gerontology and Danish Aging Research Center, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, University of Aarhus, Denmark
- The Danish Aging Research Center, Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Maria Moreno-Villanueva
- Molecular Toxicology Group, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Alexander Bürkle
- Molecular Toxicology Group, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Lisbeth Aagaard Larsen
- The Danish Aging Research Center, Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Vilhelm A. Bohr
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Kaare Christensen
- The Danish Aging Research Center, Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology and Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Tinna Stevnsner
- Danish Center of Molecular Gerontology and Danish Aging Research Center, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, University of Aarhus, Denmark
- Correspondence to: T. Stevnsner, Laboratory of DNA Repair and Aging, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, University of Aarhus, C.F. Moellers Allé 3, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
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8
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Manning G, Rothkamm K. Deoxyribonucleic acid damage-associated biomarkers of ionising radiation: current status and future relevance for radiology and radiotherapy. Br J Radiol 2013; 86:20130173. [PMID: 23659923 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20130173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Diagnostic and therapeutic radiation technology has developed dramatically in recent years, and its use has increased significantly, bringing clinical benefit. The use of diagnostic radiology has become widespread in modern society, particularly in paediatrics where the clinical benefit needs to be balanced with the risk of leukaemia and brain cancer increasing after exposure to low doses of radiation. With improving long-term survival rates of radiotherapy patients and the ever-increasing use of diagnostic and interventional radiology procedures, concern has risen over the long-term risks and side effects from such treatments. Biomarker development in radiology and radiotherapy has progressed significantly in recent years to investigate the effects of such use and optimise treatment. Recent biomarker development has focused on improving the limitations of established techniques by the use of automation, increasing sensitivity and developing novel biomarkers capable of quicker results. The effect of low-dose exposure (0-100 mGy) used in radiology, which is increasingly linked to cancer incidences, is being investigated, as some recent research challenges the linear-no-threshold model. Radiotherapy biomarkers are focused on identifying radiosensitive patients, determining the treatment-associated risk and allowing for a tailored and more successful treatment of cancer patients. For biomarkers in any of these areas to be successfully developed, stringent criteria must be applied in techniques and analysis of data to reduce variation among reports and allow data sets to be accurately compared. Newly developed biomarkers can then be used in combination with the established techniques to better understand and quantify the individual biological response to exposures associated with radiology tests and to personalise treatment plans for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Manning
- Biological Effects Department, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Chilton, UK.
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9
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Almeida A. Genetic determinants of neuronal vulnerability to apoptosis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2013; 70:71-88. [PMID: 22695677 PMCID: PMC11113535 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-012-1029-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2011] [Revised: 04/22/2012] [Accepted: 05/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis is a common mode of cell death that contributes to neuronal loss associated with neurodegeneration. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in chromosomal DNA are contributing factors dictating natural susceptibility of humans to disease. Here, the most common SNPs affecting neuronal vulnerability to apoptosis are reviewed in the context of neurological disorders. Polymorphic variants in genes encoding apoptotic proteins, either from the extrinsic (FAS, TNF-α, CASP8) or the intrinsic (BAX, BCL2, CASP3, CASP9) pathways could be highly valuable in the diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases and stroke. Interestingly, the Arg72Pro SNP in TP53, the gene encoding tumor suppressor p53, was recently revealed a biomarker of poor prognosis in stroke due to its ability to modulate neuronal apoptotic death. Search for new SNPs responsible for genetic variability to apoptosis will ensure the implementation of novel diagnostic and prognostic tools, as well as therapeutic strategies against neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angeles Almeida
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.
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10
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Marcon F, Carotti D, Andreoli C, Siniscalchi E, Leopardi P, Caiola S, Biffoni M, Zijno A, Medda E, Nisticò L, Rossi S, Crebelli R. DNA damage response in monozygotic twins discordant for smoking habits. Mutagenesis 2012; 28:135-44. [PMID: 23132286 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/ges062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies in twins indicate that non-shared environment, beyond genetic factors, contributes substantially to individual variation in mutagen sensitivity; however, the role of specific causative factors (e.g. tobacco smoke, diet) was not elucidated. In this investigation, a population of 22 couples of monozygotic twins with discordant smoking habits was selected with the aim of evaluating the influence of tobacco smoke on individual response to DNA damage. The study design virtually eliminated the contribution of genetic heterogeneity to the intra-pair variation in DNA damage response, and thus any difference in the end-points investigated could directly be attributed to the non-shared environment experienced by co-twins, which included as main factor cigarette smoke exposure. Peripheral lymphocytes of study subjects were challenged ex vivo with γ-rays, and the induction, processing, fixation of DNA damage evaluated through multiple approaches. Folate status of study subjects was considered significant covariate since it is affected by smoking habits and can influence radiosensitivity. Similar responses were elicited by γ-rays in co-twins for all the end-points analysed, despite their discordant smoking habits. Folate status did not modify DNA damage response, even though a combined effect of smoking habits, low-plasma folic acid level, and ionising radiation was observed on apoptosis. A possible modulation of DNA damage response by duration and intensity of tobacco smoke exposure was suggested by Comet assay and micronucleus data, but the effect was quantitatively limited. Overall, the results obtained indicate that differences in smoking habits do not contribute to a large extent to inter-individual variability in the response to radiation-induced DNA damage observed in healthy human populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Marcon
- Department of Environment and Primary Prevention, Istituto Superiore diSanità, V.le Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.
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11
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Pernot E, Hall J, Baatout S, Benotmane MA, Blanchardon E, Bouffler S, El Saghire H, Gomolka M, Guertler A, Harms-Ringdahl M, Jeggo P, Kreuzer M, Laurier D, Lindholm C, Mkacher R, Quintens R, Rothkamm K, Sabatier L, Tapio S, de Vathaire F, Cardis E. Ionizing radiation biomarkers for potential use in epidemiological studies. MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2012; 751:258-286. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2012.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2012] [Revised: 05/04/2012] [Accepted: 05/28/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Salnikova L, Chumachenko A, Belopolskaya O, Rubanovich A. Correlations between DNA polymorphism and frequencies of gamma-radiation induced and spontaneous cytogenetic damage. HEALTH PHYSICS 2012; 103:37-41. [PMID: 22647910 DOI: 10.1097/hp.0b013e3182231a9d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
With the aim of developing genetic tests for elevated and reduced radiation sensitivity, the authors studied the correlations between various genotypes and frequencies of spontaneous and radiation-induced chromosome aberrations in human lymphocytes. Cytogenetic analysis and genotyping (19 sites of detoxification and DNA repair genes) were carried out for a group of cleanup workers of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident (83 people) and for a uniform control group of volunteers (97 people). In both cases, the frequencies of chromosome type aberrations were higher in carriers of minor alleles of gene XPD [sites T2251G (Lys751Gln) and G862A (Asp312Asn)] and the "positive" genotypes GSTM1/GSTT1. The polymorphism of these genes did not affect the frequency of aberrations induced by gamma radiation in the control group (1 Gy in vitro), which was associated with genotypes by loci OGG1, XRCC1, and CYP1A1. Thus, in the control group, spontaneous and in vitro induced cytogenetic effects are associated with different groups of polymorphic genes. In the cleanup workers group (irradiated in vivo), the elevated frequency of aberrations was observed in the carriers of those genotypes that typically have a higher level of spontaneous (but not in vitro induced) cytogenetic damage in the control. The genotype "minor XPD + insertion GST," having an estimated incidence of 64% in central Russia, was characterized and found to be strongly associated with an elevated frequency of chromosome type aberrations following irradiation in vivo (OR = 6.9; p = 0.008).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyubov Salnikova
- N.I. Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, RAS, 119991 Moscow, Gubkina St, 3., Russia
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Bae EY, Lee EJ, Kang HG, Lee SY, Jin G, Lee WK, Choi JE, Jeon HS, Lim JO, Lee EB, Park JY. Polymorphisms in apoptosis-related genes and TP53 mutations in non-small cell lung cancer. J Korean Med Sci 2011; 26:1527-30. [PMID: 22065914 PMCID: PMC3207061 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2011.26.11.1527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2011] [Accepted: 09/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis plays an essential role in the elimination of mutated or transformed cells from the body. Therefore, polymorphisms of apoptosis-related genes may lead to an alteration in apoptotic capacity, thereby affecting the occurrence of TP53 mutations in lung cancer. We investigated the relationship between potentially functional polymorphisms of apoptosis-related genes and TP53 mutations in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Twenty-seven single nucleotide polymorphisms in 20 apoptosis-related genes were genotyped by a sequenome mass spectrometry-based genotyping assay in 173 NSCLCs and the associations with TP53 mutations in the entire coding exons (exons 2-11), including splicing sites of the gene, were analyzed. None of the 27 polymorphisms was significantly associated with the occurrence of TP53 mutations. This suggests that apoptosis-related genes may not play an important role in the occurrence of TP53 mutations in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Young Bae
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Eun Jin Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hyo-Gyoung Kang
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Shin Yup Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Gwang Jin
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
- Department of Pharmacology, Yanbian University School of Basic Medicine, Yanji, China
| | - Won Kee Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jin Eun Choi
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hyo-Sung Jeon
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jeong Ok Lim
- Bio-Medical Research Institute, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Eung Bae Lee
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jae Yong Park
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
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Wen Y, Gorsic LK, Wheeler HE, Ziliak DM, Huang RS, Dolan ME. Chemotherapeutic-induced apoptosis: a phenotype for pharmacogenomics studies. Pharmacogenet Genomics 2011; 21:476-88. [PMID: 21642893 PMCID: PMC3134538 DOI: 10.1097/fpc.0b013e3283481967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM To determine whether cellular apoptosis is a suitable phenotypic trait for pharmacogenomics studies by evaluating caspase 3/7-mediated activity in lymphoblastoid cell lines after treatment with six chemotherapeutic agents: 5'-deoxyfluorouridine, pemetrexed, cytarabine, paclitaxel, carboplatin, and cisplatin. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using monozygotic twin pair and sibling pair lymphoblastoid cell lines, we identified conditions for measurement of caspase 3/7 activity in lymphoblastoid cell lines. Genome-wide association studies were performed with over 2 million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and cisplatin-induced apoptosis in HapMap CEU cell lines (n=77). RESULTS Although treatment with 5'-deoxyfluorouridine and pemetrexed for up to 24 h resulted in low levels of apoptosis or interindividual variation in caspase-dependent cell death; paclitaxel, cisplatin, carboplatin, and cytarabine treatment for 24 h resulted in 9.4-fold, 9.1-fold, 7.0-fold, and 6.0-fold increases in apoptosis relative to control, respectively. There was a weak correlation between caspase activity and cytotoxicity (r(2)=0.03-0.29) demonstrating that cytotoxicity and apoptosis are two distinct phenotypes that may produce independent genetic associations. Estimated heritability (h(2)) for apoptosis was 0.57 and 0.29 for cytarabine (5 and 40 μmol/l, respectively), 0.22 for paclitaxel (12.5 nmol/l), and 0.34 for cisplatin (5 μmol/l). In the genome-wide association study using the HapMap CEU panel, we identified a significant enrichment of cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity SNPs within the significant cisplatin-induced apoptosis SNPs and an enrichment of expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL). Among these eQTLs, we identified several eQTLs with known function related to apoptosis and/or cytotoxicity. CONCLUSION Our study identifies apoptosis as a phenotype for pharmacogenomic studies in lymphoblastoid cell lines after treatment with paclitaxel, cisplatin, carboplatin, and cytarabine that may have utility for discovering biomarkers to predict response to certain chemotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Heather E. Wheeler
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Dana M. Ziliak
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - R. Stephanie Huang
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - M. Eileen Dolan
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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Surowy H, Rinckleb A, Luedeke M, Stuber M, Wecker A, Varga D, Maier C, Hoegel J, Vogel W. Heritability of baseline and induced micronucleus frequencies. Mutagenesis 2011; 26:111-7. [PMID: 21164191 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/geq059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The scoring of micronuclei (MN) is widely used in biomonitoring and mutagenicity testing as a surrogate marker of chromosomal damage inflicted by clastogenic agents or by aneugens. Individual differences in the response to a mutagenic challenge are known from studies on cancer patients and carriers of mutations in DNA repair genes. However, it has not been studied to which extent genetic factors contribute to the observed variability of individual MN frequencies. Our aim was to quantify this heritable genetic component of both baseline and radiation-induced MN frequencies. We performed a twin study comprising 39 monozygotic (MZ) and 10 dizygotic (DZ) twin pairs. Due to the small number of DZ pairs, we had to recruit controls from which 38 age- and gender-matched random control pairs (CPs) were generated. For heritability estimates, we used biometrical modelling of additive genetic, common environmental, and unique environmental components (ACE model) of variance and direct comparison of variance between the sample groups. While heritability estimates from MZ to DZ comparisons produced inconclusive results, both estimation methods revealed a high degree of heritability (h(2)) for baseline MN frequency (h(2) = 0.68 and h(2) = 0.72) as well as for the induced frequency (h(2) = 0.68 and h(2) = 0.57) when MZ were compared to CP. The result was supported by the different intraclass correlation coefficients of MZ, DZ and CP for baseline (r = 0.63, r = 0.31 and r = 0.0, respectively) as well as for induced MN frequencies (r = 0.79, r = 0.74 and r = 0.0, respectively). This study clearly demonstrates that MN frequencies are determined by genetic factors to a major part. The strong reflection of the genetic background supports the idea that MN frequencies represent an intermediate phenotype between molecular DNA repair mechanisms and the cancer phenotype and affirms the approaches that are made to utilise them as predictors of, for example, cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harald Surowy
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
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Okazaki R, Mabuchi Y, Yoshida Y, Suzuki S, Ding N, Matsuzaki Y, Ootsuyama A, Norimura T. The late effects of radiation on lifespan, lymphocyte proliferation and p53 haplodeficiency in mice. Int J Radiat Biol 2010; 86:927-34. [DOI: 10.3109/09553002.2010.496031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Lee EB, Jeon HS, Yoo SS, Choi YY, Kang HG, Cho S, Cha SI, Choi JE, Park TI, Lee BH, Park RW, Kim IS, Kang YM, Kim CH, Jheon S, Jung TH, Park JY. Polymorphisms in Apoptosis-Related Genes and Survival of Patients with Early-Stage Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Ann Surg Oncol 2010; 17:2608-18. [DOI: 10.1245/s10434-010-1082-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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18
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Iwasaki T, Robertson N, Tsigani T, Finnon P, Scott D, Levine E, Badie C, Bouffler S. Lymphocyte telomere length correlates within vitroradiosensitivity in breast cancer cases but is not predictive of acute normal tissue reactions to radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Biol 2009; 84:277-84. [DOI: 10.1080/09553000801953326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Imyanitov EN. Gene polymorphisms, apoptotic capacity and cancer risk. Hum Genet 2009; 125:239-46. [DOI: 10.1007/s00439-009-0636-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2009] [Accepted: 02/04/2009] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Finnon P, Robertson N, Dziwura S, Raffy C, Zhang W, Ainsbury L, Kaprio J, Badie C, Bouffler S. Evidence for significant heritability of apoptotic and cell cycle responses to ionising radiation. Hum Genet 2008; 123:485-93. [PMID: 18437427 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-008-0500-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2008] [Accepted: 04/10/2008] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Genetic factors are likely to affect individual cancer risk, but few quantitative estimates of heritability are available. Public health radiation protection policies do not in general take this potentially important source of variation in risk into account. Two surrogate cellular assays that relate to cancer susceptibility have been developed to gain an insight into the role of genetics in determining individual variation in radiosensitivity. These flow cytometric assays for apoptosis induction and cell cycle delay following radiation are sufficiently sensitive to distinguish lymphocytes from a healthy donor population from those of a sample of obligate carriers of ATM mutations (P = 0.01 and P = 0.02, respectively). Analysis of 54 unselected twin pairs (38 dizygotic, 16 monozygotic) indicated much greater intrapair correlation in response in monozygotic than in dizygotic pairs. Structural equation modelling indicated that models including unique environmental factors only fitted the data less well than those incorporating two or more of additive genetic factors, common environmental factors and unique environmental factors. A model incorporating additive genetic factors and unique environmental factors yielded estimates of heritability for the two traits of 68% (95% CI 40-82%, cell cycle) and 59% (95% CI 22-79%, apoptosis). Thus, these data suggest that genetic factors contribute significantly to human variation in these two measures of radiosensitivity that relate to cancer susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Finnon
- Radiation Protection Division, Health Protection Agency, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire, OX11 0RQ, UK
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Schmitz A, Bayer J, Dechamps N, Goldin L, Thomas G. Heritability of susceptibility to ionizing radiation-induced apoptosis of human lymphocyte subpopulations. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2007; 68:1169-77. [PMID: 17637392 PMCID: PMC1994900 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2007.03.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2007] [Revised: 03/21/2007] [Accepted: 03/27/2007] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the heritability of intrinsic radiosensitivity, the induction of apoptosis in lymphocyte subpopulations was determined on samples from related individuals belonging to large kindred families. METHODS AND MATERIALS Quiescent lymphocytes from 334 healthy individuals were gamma-irradiated in vitro. Apoptosis was determined 18 h after irradiation by eight-color flow cytometry. Radiosensitivity was quantified from dose-effect curves. Intrafamilial correlations and heritability were computed for 199 father-mother-offspring trios using the programs SOLAR (Sequential Oligogenic Linkage Analysis Routines) and SAGE (Statistical Analysis for Genetic Epidemiology). Segregation analyses were conducted using SAGE. RESULTS Marked differential susceptibility of naive and memory T lymphocytes was demonstrated. Also, although age and gender were significant covariates, their effects only accounted for a minor part of the inter-individual variation. Parent-offspring and sib-sib correlations were significant for the radiosensitivity of B cells, T4, and T8 and of effector memory T4 and T8 subpopulations. In the T4-effector memory subpopulation, the phenotype showed correlations most consistent with dominant or additive genetic effects, and the results of the segregation analysis were consistent with the contribution of a bi-allelic dominant locus. CONCLUSIONS Heritability was demonstrated for the susceptibility to ionizing radiation-induced apoptosis of lymphocyte populations, and the segregation of the T4-effector memory radiosensitivity phenotype was consistent with a simple mendelian transmission model involving one major gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette Schmitz
- Institut de Radiobiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire, CEA/DSV, 92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses Cedex, France.
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