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Zhou M, Liao J, Lai W, Xu R, Liu W, Xie D, Wang F, Zhang Z, Huang J, Zhang R, Li G. A celastrol-based nanodrug with reduced hepatotoxicity for primary and metastatic cancer treatment. EBioMedicine 2023; 94:104724. [PMID: 37480625 PMCID: PMC10393547 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is the world's leading cause of death and a key hindrance to extending life expectancy. Celastrol, a bioactive compound derived from Tripterygium wilfordii, has been shown to have excellent antitumor activity, but its poor solubility and severe organ toxicity side effects have hampered its clinical application. METHODS In this study, a self-assembled nanodrug (PLC-NP) was designed to deliver celastrol to tumor sites while efficiently reducing its side effects by conjugating celastrol with the bioactive material LMWH and P-selectin targeting peptide (PSN). Extensive in vitro and in vivo experiments were performed to investigate both therapeutic efficacy and adverse effects. Furthermore, the specific mechanism of the antitumor activity has also been explored. FINDING The PLC-NP nanodrugs were spherical in shape, with a mean particle size of 115.83 ± 6.93 nm. PLC-NP was sufficiently stable during blood circulation, with a selective target to P-selectin-highly expressed tumor cells, followed by releasing the containing celastrol under acidic environment and high levels of esterase in tumor cells. Both in vitro and in vivo results confirmed that celastrol's antitumor and anti-metastatic abilities were not attenuated and were actually strengthened after being formed into nanodrugs. More importantly, the organ toxicities of the modified celastrol nanodrug were dramatically reduced. Mechanistic study indicated that the inactivation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway and ROS-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction play critical roles in celastrol-mediated autophagy and apoptosis. INTERPRETATION Our findings could offer a potential strategy for the translation of toxic compounds into clinical therapeutic nanomedicine. FUNDING See a detailed list of funding bodies in the Acknowledgements section at the end of the manuscript.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, 183 Xinqiao Road, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Jiaxing Liao
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, 183 Xinqiao Road, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Wenjing Lai
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, 183 Xinqiao Road, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Rufu Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, 183 Xinqiao Road, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Wuyi Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, 183 Xinqiao Road, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Dandan Xie
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, 183 Xinqiao Road, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Fengling Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, 183 Xinqiao Road, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, 183 Xinqiao Road, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Jingbin Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, 183 Xinqiao Road, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, 183 Xinqiao Road, Chongqing, 400037, China.
| | - Guobing Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, 183 Xinqiao Road, Chongqing, 400037, China.
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Abstract
Heparanase is the only mammalian enzyme that cleaves heparan sulphate, an important component of the extracellular matrix. This leads to the remodelling of the extracellular matrix, whilst liberating growth factors and cytokines bound to heparan sulphate. This in turn promotes both physiological and pathological processes such as angiogenesis, immune cell migration, inflammation, wound healing and metastasis. Furthermore, heparanase exhibits non-enzymatic actions in cell signalling and in regulating gene expression. Cancer is underpinned by key characteristic features that promote malignant growth and disease progression, collectively termed the 'hallmarks of cancer'. Essentially, all cancers examined to date have been reported to overexpress heparanase, leading to enhanced tumour growth and metastasis with concomitant poor patient survival. With its multiple roles within the tumour microenvironment, heparanase has been demonstrated to regulate each of these hallmark features, in turn highlighting the need for heparanase-targeted therapies. However, recent discoveries which demonstrated that heparanase can also regulate vital anti-tumour mechanisms have cast doubt on this approach. This review will explore the myriad ways by which heparanase functions as a key regulator of the hallmarks of cancer and will highlight its role as a major component within the tumour microenvironment. The dual role of heparanase within the tumour microenvironment, however, emphasises the need for further investigation into defining its precise mechanism of action in different cancer settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishnath M Jayatilleke
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Plenty Road & Kingsbury Drive, Melbourne, VIC, 3086, Australia
| | - Mark D Hulett
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Plenty Road & Kingsbury Drive, Melbourne, VIC, 3086, Australia.
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Ripsman D, Fergusson DA, Montroy J, Auer RC, Huang JW, Dobriyal A, Wesch N, Carrier M, Lalu MM. A systematic review on the efficacy and safety of low molecular weight heparin as an anticancer therapeutic in preclinical animal models. Thromb Res 2020; 195:103-113. [PMID: 32683148 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2020.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The therapeutic effects of low molecular weight heparins (LMWH) may extend past thrombosis prevention, with preclinical evidence demonstrating anti-metastatic properties. Clinical evidence on the topic, however, remains controversial. A systematic review of preclinical evidence may help elucidate reasons for this contradictory evidence. The objective of our systematic review is to assess the anti-metastatic properties of LMWHs in solid tumour animal models. METHODS MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science and PubMed were searched from inception to May 12th, 2020. All articles were screened independently and in duplicate. Studies that compared LMWH to a placebo or no treatment arm in solid tumour animal models were included. The primary outcome was the burden of metastasis. Secondary outcomes included primary tumour growth and mortality. The risk of bias was assessed in duplicate using a modified Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. RESULTS Forty-two studies were included in the review. Administration of a LMWH was associated with a significant decrease in the burden of metastasis (SMD -2.18; 95% CI -2.66 to -1.70). Additionally, the administration of a LMWH was also associated with a significant reduction in primary tumour growth (SMD -1.95; 95% CI -2.56 to -1.34) and risk of death (RR 0.39; 95% CI 0.16-0.97). All included studies were deemed to be at an unclear risk of bias for at least one methodological criterion. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that LMWH can effectively reduce metastatic burden and reduce tumour growth in preclinical animal models of solid tumour malignancies. Reasons for the contradiction with clinical evidence require further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Ripsman
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Box 511, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Rd #2044, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada.
| | - Dean A Fergusson
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Box 511, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Rd #2044, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada.
| | - Joshua Montroy
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Box 511, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada.
| | - Rebecca C Auer
- Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Box 511, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada.
| | - Johnny W Huang
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Rd #2044, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada.
| | - Aditi Dobriyal
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Box 511, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Rd #2044, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada.
| | - Neil Wesch
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Box 511, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Marc Carrier
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Box 511, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Rd #2044, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada.
| | - Manoj M Lalu
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Box 511, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Room B307, 1053 Carling Avenue, Mail Stop 249, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4E9, Canada; Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Box 511, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada.
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O'Reilly EM, Barone D, Mahalingam D, Bekaii-Saab T, Shao SH, Wolf J, Rosano M, Krause S, Richards DA, Yu KH, Roach JM, Flaherty KT, Ryan DP. Randomised phase II trial of gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel with necuparanib or placebo in untreated metastatic pancreas ductal adenocarcinoma. Eur J Cancer 2020; 132:112-121. [PMID: 32361265 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2020.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Necuparanib, a rationally engineered low-molecular-weight heparin, combined with gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel showed an encouraging safety and oncologic signal in a phase Ib trial. This randomised multicentre phase II trial evaluates the addition of necuparanib or placebo to gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel in untreated metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). PATIENTS AND METHODS Eligibility included 18 years, histologically or cytologically confirmed metastatic PDAC, measurable disease and Eastern Co-Operative Oncology Group performance status of 0-1. Patients were randomly assigned to necuparanib (5 mg/kg subcutaneous injection once daily) or placebo (subcutaneous injection once daily) and gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel on days 1, 8 and 15 of 28-day cycles. The primary end-point was median overall survival (OS), and secondary end-points included median progression-free survival, response rates and safety. RESULTS One-hundred ten patients were randomised, 62 to necuparanib arm and 58 to placebo arm. The futility boundary was crossed at a planned interim analysis, and the study was terminated by the Data Safety Monitoring Board. The median OS was 10.71 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 7.95-11.96) for necuparanib arm and 9.99 months (95% CI: 7.85-12.85) for placebo arm (hazard ratio: 1.12, 95% CI: 0.66-1.89, P-value: 0.671). The necuparanib arm had a higher incidence of haematologic toxicity relative to placebo patients (83% and 70%). CONCLUSION The addition of necuparanib to standard of care treatment for advanced PDAC did not improve OS. Safety was acceptable. No further development of necuparanib is planned although targeting the coagulation cascade pathway remains relevant in PDAC. NCT01621243.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Diletta Barone
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Devalingam Mahalingam
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Tanios Bekaii-Saab
- Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Scottsdale, AZ, USA; ACCRU Research Consortium, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Spencer H Shao
- Compass Oncology, Rose Quarter Cancer Center, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Julie Wolf
- Momenta Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 301 Binney Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Molly Rosano
- Momenta Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 301 Binney Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Silva Krause
- Momenta Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 301 Binney Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Donald A Richards
- Texas Oncology, US Oncology Research, 910 East Houston Street, Tyler, TX 71702, USA
| | - Kenneth H Yu
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - James M Roach
- Momenta Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 301 Binney Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Keith T Flaherty
- Massachussetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114-2696, USA
| | - David P Ryan
- Massachussetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114-2696, USA
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LMWH and its derivatives represent new rational for cancer therapy: construction strategies and combination therapy. Drug Discov Today 2019; 24:2096-2104. [PMID: 31228613 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2019.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) has attracted increasing attention as a tumor treatment because of its board range of physiological functions. Over the past decade, diverse LMWH derivatives have increased the variety of antitumor strategies available, serving not only as anti-tumor agents, but also as drug delivery platforms. In this review, we introduce the basic strategy for structural modification of LMWH to attenuate its antitumor activity while reducing its risk of bleeding and immune responses, as well as highlighting current applications of LMWH and its derivatives in cancer therapy. We select representative drug delivery systems involving LMWH derivatives and discuss the construction principles and therapeutic effects associated with their use. We also analyze progress made in the development of antitumor combination therapies, in which LMWH has shown synergistic or combined effects with other treatment strategies.
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Xiong H, Wu Y, Jiang Z, Zhou J, Yang M, Yao J. pH-activatable polymeric nanodrugs enhanced tumor chemo/antiangiogenic combination therapy through improving targeting drug release. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 536:135-148. [PMID: 30366179 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
It was widely accepted that polymeric nanodrugs held superiority in enhancing antitumor efficacy, reducing side effect and achieving better long-term prognosis. However, there still existed disputes that whether their therapeutic efficiency was closely related to insure effective release of hydrophobic drug located in their hydrophobic core in tumor site. In order to investigate this controversy, we constructed two polymeric nanodrugs (pH-activatable sLMWH-UOA and non-sensitive LMWH-UOA) with low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) and ursolic acid (UOA) for chemo-and anti-angiogenic combination therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma. The degradation ratio of pH-activatable sLMWH-UOA increased by 33% compared with non-sensitive LMWH-UOA in in vitro degradation study. Besides, confocal microscopy captured that sLMWH-UOA could effectively release drug in acidic microenvironment of lysosome while LMWH-UOA nearly could not. More importantly, in contrast with LMWH-UOA, sLMWH-UOA presented pH-dependent cytotoxicity, indicating that promoting drug release played a key role in enhancing the cytotoxicity of polymeric nanodrugs. Additionally, in vivo pharmacodynamic evaluation showed that although non-sensitive LMWH-UOA had benefited from enhanced tumor targeting drug delivery ability to achieve absolute advantage over free drug combination therapy in antitumor combination therapy, sLMWH-UOA could acquire further optimized combined therapeutic effect with better drug release in tumor. All above, application of tumor-triggered chemical bonds to construct polymeric nanodrugs held vast prospect for improving the therapeutic efficiency for tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhijie Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jianping Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Min Yang
- Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Molecular Imaging Center, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, 20 Qianrong Rd, Wuxi 214063, China.
| | - Jing Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Du S, Xiong H, Xu C, Lu Y, Yao J. Attempts to strengthen and simplify the tumor vascular normalization strategy using tumor vessel normalization promoting nanomedicines. Biomater Sci 2019; 7:1147-1160. [DOI: 10.1039/c8bm01350k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Tumor vascular normalization theory opened the door for the rational use of antiangiogenic agents and chemotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Du
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Stability of Biopharmaceuticals
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 210009
- China
| | - Hui Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Stability of Biopharmaceuticals
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 210009
- China
| | - Cheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Stability of Biopharmaceuticals
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 210009
- China
| | - Yun Lu
- Pharmaceutical R&D Institute
- Jiangsu Hengrui Medicine Co
- Ltd
- 222047
- China
| | - Jing Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Stability of Biopharmaceuticals
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 210009
- China
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Zhuang X, Qiao T, Yuan S, Zhang Q, Chen W, Luo Y, Xu G. Antitumor effects of nadroparin combined with radiotherapy in Lewis lung cancer models. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:5133-5142. [PMID: 30210234 PMCID: PMC6114476 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s176526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The beneficial antitumor effects of low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs) have previously been investigated in basic and clinical studies. In this study, the antitumor efficacy of nadroparin combined with radiotherapy was investigated in vivo. Methods A total of 48 tumor-bearing mice were randomly divided into six groups (n=8 per group): control group, irradiation group (X), LMWH1,000 group, LMWH2,000 group, LMWH1,000+X group and LMWH2,000+X group. Following this, tumor growth, weight and inhibitory rate, as well as the survival of mice in each group, were determined. Levels of serum interleukin (IL)-6 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 were determined via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analyses. The expression levels of CD34 were investigated using immunohistochemistry analyses to represent the microvascular density (MVD) values of tumor tissues. In addition, tumor cell apoptosis was investigated using TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) analysis post treatment. The expression levels of survivin were analyzed by Western blotting. Results The volumes and weights of tumors in the treatment groups were demonstrated to be significantly decreased, which was most obvious in the LMWH2,000+X group. The tumor inhibitory rate was significantly increased in the treated mice. ELISA assays demonstrated that the concentrations of serum IL-6 and TGF-β1 were significantly decreased in the LMWH2,000+X group. In addition, the decreased CD34 expression was found in the combined treatment groups. TUNEL assays demonstrated that the apoptosis rate was increased in treated mice, and the highest apoptosis rate was exhibited by the LMWH2,000+X group. Results of Western blotting demonstrated that combinatory treatment with both nadroparin and X-ray irradiation significantly inhibited the expression of survivin. Conclusion These results demonstrated that a combinatory treatment strategy of nadroparin with fractionated irradiation had a strong synergistic antitumor effect in vivo, which may be associated with the promotion of apoptosis, inhibited secretion of TGF-β1 and IL-6 and down-regulation of CD34 and survivin expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xibing Zhuang
- Department of Oncology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China,
| | - Tiankui Qiao
- Department of Oncology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China,
| | - Sujuan Yuan
- Department of Oncology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China,
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China,
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Oncology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China,
| | - Youjun Luo
- Department of Oncology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China,
| | - Guoxiong Xu
- Department of Central Laboratory, Center Laboratory, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Tian F, Dahmani FZ, Qiao J, Ni J, Xiong H, Liu T, Zhou J, Yao J. A targeted nanoplatform co-delivering chemotherapeutic and antiangiogenic drugs as a tool to reverse multidrug resistance in breast cancer. Acta Biomater 2018; 75:398-412. [PMID: 29874597 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.05.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Several obstacles are currently impeding the successful treatment of breast cancer, namely impaired drug accumulation into the tumor site, toxicity to normal cells and narrow therapeutic index of chemotherapy, multidrug resistance (MDR) and the metastatic spread of cancer cells through the blood and lymphatic vessels. In this regard, we designed a novel multifunctional nano-sized drug delivery system based on LyP-1 peptide-modified low-molecular-weight heparin-quercetin conjugate (PLQ). This nanosystem was developed for targeted co-delivery of multiple anticancer drugs to p32-overexpressing tumor cells and peritumoral lymphatic vessels, using LyP-1 peptide as active targeting ligand, with the aim to achieve a targeted combinatorial chemo/angiostatic therapy and MDR reversal. The cellular uptake of PLQ nanoparticles by p32-overexpressing breast cancer cells was significantly higher than nonfunctionalized nanoparticles. Besides, the anti-angiogenic activity of PLQ nanoparticles was proven by the effective inhibition of the bFGF-induced neovascularization in subcutaneous Matrigel plugs. More importantly, PLQ/GA nanoparticles with better targeting ability toward p32-positive tumors, displayed a high antitumor outcome by inhibition of tumor cells proliferation and angiogenesis. Immunohistochemistry and western blot assay showed that PLQ/GA nanoparticles significantly disrupted the lymphatic formation of tumor, and inhibited the P-glycoprotein (P-gp) expression in MCF-7 tumor cells, respectively. In conclusion, PLQ/GA nanoparticles provide a synergistic strategy for effective targeted co-delivery of chemotherapeutic and antiangiogenic agents and reversing MDR and metastasis in breast cancer. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Herein, we successfully developed a novel amphiphilic nanomaterial, LyP-1-LMWH-Qu (PLQ) conjugate, consisting of a tumor-targeting moiety LyP-1, a hydrophobic quercetin (a multidrug resistance [MDR]-reversing drug) inner core, and a hydrophilic low-molecular-weight heparin (an antiangiogenic agent) outer shell for encapsulating and delivering a hydrophobic chemotherapeutic agent (gambogic acid). This versatile nanoplatform with multiple targeted features, i.e., dual chemo/angiostatic effects, destruction ability of the peritumoral lymphatic vessels, and reversal of MDR, resulted in a significantly stronger antitumor efficacy and lower toxic side effect than those of nontargeted nanoparticles and the free drug solution. Therefore, this versatile nanosystem might provide a novel insight for the treatment and palliation of breast cancer by targeted co-delivery of chemo/antiangiogenic agents and reversing MDR and metastasis.
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Xiong H, Ni J, Jiang Z, Tian F, Zhou J, Yao J. Intracellular self-disassemble polysaccharide nanoassembly for multi-factors tumor drug resistance modulation of doxorubicin. Biomater Sci 2018; 6:2527-2540. [DOI: 10.1039/c8bm00570b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Drug efflux induced by multidrug resistance (MDR) overexpression, as well as secondary drug resistance caused by subtoxic drug microenvironments as a result of inefficient drug release of nanoscopic drug carriers in tumor cells, are major bottlenecks for chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 210009
- China
| | - Jiang Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 210009
- China
| | - Zhijie Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 210009
- China
| | - Fengchun Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 210009
- China
| | - Jianping Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 210009
- China
| | - Jing Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 210009
- China
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Ricciuti B, Foglietta J, Chiari R, Sahebkar A, Banach M, Bianconi V, Pirro M. Emerging enzymatic targets controlling angiogenesis in cancer: preclinical evidence and potential clinical applications. Med Oncol 2017; 35:4. [DOI: 10.1007/s12032-017-1064-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Raveendran S, Rochani AK, Maekawa T, Kumar DS. Smart Carriers and Nanohealers: A Nanomedical Insight on Natural Polymers. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2017; 10:E929. [PMID: 28796191 PMCID: PMC5578295 DOI: 10.3390/ma10080929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Biodegradable polymers are popularly being used in an increasing number of fields in the past few decades. The popularity and favorability of these materials are due to their remarkable properties, enabling a wide range of applications and market requirements to be met. Polymer biodegradable systems are a promising arena of research for targeted and site-specific controlled drug delivery, for developing artificial limbs, 3D porous scaffolds for cellular regeneration or tissue engineering and biosensing applications. Several natural polymers have been identified, blended, functionalized and applied for designing nanoscaffolds and drug carriers as a prerequisite for enumerable bionano technological applications. Apart from these, natural polymers have been well studied and are widely used in material science and industrial fields. The present review explains the prominent features of commonly used natural polymers (polysaccharides and proteins) in various nanomedical applications and reveals the current status of the polymer research in bionanotechnology and science sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreejith Raveendran
- Bio Nano Electronics Research Centre, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary New Science, Toyo University, Saitama 350-8585, Japan.
| | - Ankit K Rochani
- Bio Nano Electronics Research Centre, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary New Science, Toyo University, Saitama 350-8585, Japan.
| | - Toru Maekawa
- Bio Nano Electronics Research Centre, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary New Science, Toyo University, Saitama 350-8585, Japan.
| | - D Sakthi Kumar
- Bio Nano Electronics Research Centre, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary New Science, Toyo University, Saitama 350-8585, Japan.
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Abstract
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) and cancer are strongly associated, and present a major challenge in cancer patient treatment. Cancer patients have a higher risk of developing VTE, although the risk differs widely between tumour types. VTE prophylaxis is routinely given to cancer patients, in the form of vitamin K antagonists (VKA) or low molecular weight heparin (LMWH). Several studies have reported that cancer patients receiving anticoagulants show prolonged survival and this effect was more pronounced in patients with a good prognosis, although the mechanism is poorly understood. Tissue Factor (TF) is the initiator of extrinsic coagulation, but its non-haemostatic signalling via protease-activated receptors (PARs) is a potent driver of tumour angiogenesis. Furthermore, coagulation activation is strongly implicated in tumour cell migration and metastasis. This review discusses the effects of anticoagulants on cancer progression in patients, tumour cell behaviour, angiogenesis, and metastasis in in vitro and in vivo models. Inhibition of TF signalling shows great promise in curbing angiogenesis and in vivo tumour growth, but whether this translates to patients is not yet known. Furthermore, non-haemostatic properties of coagulation factors in cancer progression are discussed, which provide exciting opportunities on limiting oncologic processes without affecting blood coagulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Tieken
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Henri H Versteeg
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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Yan Y, Ji Y, Su N, Mei X, Wang Y, Du S, Zhu W, Zhang C, Lu Y, Xing XH. Non-anticoagulant effects of low molecular weight heparins in inflammatory disorders: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 160:71-81. [PMID: 28115102 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.12.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Revised: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs) are produced by chemical or enzymatic depolymerization of unfractionated heparin (UFH). Besides their well-known anticoagulant effects, LMWHs have also been reported to exhibit numerous anti-inflammatory properties. Previous studies have, however, shown that different production processes result in unique structural characteristics of LMWHs. The structural variations may help explain the different therapeutic spectrums in disease treatment for non-anticoagulant effects. In the present review, we summarize major advances in understanding and exploiting the anti-inflammatory disorder activities of LMWHs, based on mechanistic studies, preclinical experiments and clinical trials. We highlight differences in these activities of commercially available LMWHs produced using different manufacturing processes. We stress the importance of structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies on the non-anticoagulant effects of LMWHs and discuss strategies for exploring new clinical indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yishu Yan
- Key Laboratory for Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Centre for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Room 607, Yingshi Building, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Yang Ji
- Key Laboratory for Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Centre for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Room 607, Yingshi Building, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Nan Su
- Key Laboratory for Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Centre for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Room 607, Yingshi Building, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Xiang Mei
- Key Laboratory for Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Centre for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Room 607, Yingshi Building, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Key Laboratory for Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Centre for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Room 607, Yingshi Building, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Shanshan Du
- Key Laboratory for Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Centre for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Room 607, Yingshi Building, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Wenming Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Centre for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Room 607, Yingshi Building, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Chong Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Centre for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Room 607, Yingshi Building, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Yuan Lu
- Key Laboratory for Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Centre for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Room 607, Yingshi Building, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Xin-Hui Xing
- Key Laboratory for Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Centre for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Room 607, Yingshi Building, Beijing 100084, China.
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Zhuang X, Qiao T, Xu G, Yuan S, Zhang Q, Chen X. Combination of nadroparin with radiotherapy results in powerful synergistic antitumor effects in lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells. Oncol Rep 2016; 36:2200-6. [PMID: 27498922 DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.4990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs), which are commonly used in venous thromboprophylaxis and treatment, have recently been reported to have effects on cancer metastasis in pre-clinical research studies. This study was planned to define the synergistic antitumor effects of nadroparin (a kind of LMWH) combined with radiotherapy in A549 cells. Six experimental groups were set up in our study according to the different treatment: control group; irradiation (IR) group; low dose of nadroparin group (LMWH50, L50); high dose of nadroparin group (LMWH100, L100); LMWH50+IR group; LMWH100+IR group. The viability of A549 cells was assessed by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. The apoptosis of tumor cells was analyzed by flow cytometry (FCM) after treatment. The concentration of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) in the culture supernatants was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The migration and invasion of the A549 cells were tested by the Transwell chamber assay. The expression of survivin, CD147 and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) was analyzed by western blotting. CCK-8 assay showed that irradiation or nadroparin alone slightly inhibited the cell viability while the combined treatments significantly inhibited the cell viability in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The apoptosis rate showed greater improvement dose- and time‑dependently in the groups receiving combination therapy of nadroparin and irradiation than the control group or the group receiving nadroparin or irradiation alone by FCM. ELISA assay showed that the decreased TGF-β1 secretion was found after combined treatments with nadroparin and irradiation compared to either treatment alone. The Transwell chamber assay showed that nadroparin not only significantly suppressed the migration and invasion of A549 cells but also inhibited the enhanced ability of migration and invasion induced by X-ray irradiation. Western blotting showed that nadroparin inhibited the upregulated effects of survivin and MMP-2 expression induced by radiation in the combined treatment groups in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Moreover, the expression level of CD147 was the lowest in the combined treatment groups. This study identified that combination of nadroparin and irradiation had a strong synergistic antitumor effect in a dose- and time-related manner in vitro, which was reflected in the inhibition of cell viability, invasion and metastasis, promotion of apoptosis, inhibited secretion level of TGF-β1 and downregulation of CD147, MMP-2 and survivin expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xibing Zhuang
- Department of Oncology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, P.R. China
| | - Tiankui Qiao
- Department of Oncology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, P.R. China
| | - Guoxiong Xu
- Center Laboratory, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, P.R. China
| | - Sujuan Yuan
- Department of Oncology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, P.R. China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, P.R. China
| | - Xue Chen
- Department of Oncology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, P.R. China
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Li Y, Wu Y, Huang L, Miao L, Zhou J, Satterlee AB, Yao J. Sigma receptor-mediated targeted delivery of anti-angiogenic multifunctional nanodrugs for combination tumor therapy. J Control Release 2016; 228:107-119. [PMID: 26941036 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.02.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2015] [Revised: 01/31/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The potential of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) in anti-angiogenic therapy has been tempered by poor in vivo delivery to the tumor cell and potentially harmful side effects, such as the risk of bleeding due to heparin's anticoagulant activity. In order to overcome these limitations and further improve the therapeutic effect of LMWH, we designed a novel combination nanosystem of LMWH and ursolic acid (UA), which is also an angiogenesis inhibitor for tumor therapy. In this system, an amphiphilic LMWH-UA (LHU) conjugate was synthesized and self-assembled into core/shell nanodrugs with combined anti-angiogenic activity and significantly reduced anticoagulant activity. Furthermore, DSPE-PEG-AA-modified LHU nanodrugs (A-LHU) were developed to facilitate the delivery of nanodrugs to the tumor. The anti-angiogenic activity of A-LHU was investigated both in vitro and in vivo. It was found that A-LHU significantly inhibited the tubular formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) (p<0.01) and the angiogenesis induced by basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in a Matrigel plug assay (p<0.001). More importantly, A-LHU displayed significant inhibition on the tumor growth in B16F10-bearing mice in vivo. The level of CD31 and p-VEGFR-2 expression has demonstrated that the excellent efficacy of antitumor was associated with a decrease in angiogenesis. In conclusion, A-LHU nanodrugs are a promising multifunctional antitumor drug delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanke Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Leaf Huang
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill 27599, USA
| | - Lei Miao
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill 27599, USA
| | - Jianping Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Andrew Benson Satterlee
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill 27599, USA; University of North Carolina and North Carolina State University Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Jing Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Kirui DK, Ferrari M. Intravital Microscopy Imaging Approaches for Image-Guided Drug Delivery Systems. Curr Drug Targets 2016; 16:528-41. [PMID: 25901526 DOI: 10.2174/1389450116666150330114030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Revised: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Rapid technical advances in the field of non-linear microscopy have made intravital microscopy a vital pre-clinical tool for research and development of imaging-guided drug delivery systems. The ability to dynamically monitor the fate of macromolecules in live animals provides invaluable information regarding properties of drug carriers (size, charge, and surface coating), physiological, and pathological processes that exist between point-of-injection and the projected of site of delivery, all of which influence delivery and effectiveness of drug delivery systems. In this Review, we highlight how integrating intravital microscopy imaging with experimental designs (in vitro analyses and mathematical modeling) can provide unique information critical in the design of novel disease-relevant drug delivery platforms with improved diagnostic and therapeutic indexes. The Review will provide the reader an overview of the various applications for which intravital microscopy has been used to monitor the delivery of diagnostic and therapeutic agents and discuss some of their potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mauro Ferrari
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Department of NanoMedicine, 6670 Bertner Avenue, MS R8-460, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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18
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Alam F, Hwang SR, Al-Hilal TA, Chung SW, Kim HS, Kang BH, Zhang HS, Shin SH, Lee JY, Kang MS, Kwon GH, Jeon OC, Kim SY, Byun Y. Safety studies on intravenous infusion of a potent angiogenesis inhibitor: taurocholate-conjugated low molecular weight heparin derivative LHT7 in preclinical models. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2015; 42:1247-57. [PMID: 26612099 DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2015.1122609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT As a class of angiogenesis inhibitors, heparin conjugates have shown significant effectiveness in several studies. OBJECTIVES The purpose of our current study is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of infusing the conjugate of low molecular weight heparin and taurocholate (LHT7), which has been developed as a potent angiogenesis inhibitor. METHODS To evaluate its safety, the method of intravenous infusion was compared with its i.v. bolus administration. Intravenous infusion was administered at a rate of 400 μl/min/kg of body weight for 30 min. Pharmacokinetic (PK) analysis, organ accumulation, and plasma concentration profiles of LHT7 were measured. The anticancer effect of LHT7 was evaluated in murine and human xenograft models, and preclinical studies were performed in SD rats and beagle dogs. RESULTS The results of the PK studies showed reduced organ accumulation in mice and the AUC(0-96 h) (area under the curve) was increased up to 1485 ± 125 h × μg/ml. The efficacy, at dose 1 mg/kg/2 d was higher for i.v. infusion than for i.v. bolus administration in both murine and human cancer models. The preclinical studies showed the safety dose of LHT7 is less than 20 mg/kg in SD rats and in the next safety analysis in beagle dogs showed that there were no organ-specific adverse effects in higher doses, such as, 12 mg/kg. LHT7 showed sustained effects with minimized adverse events when administered through i.v. infusion. CONCLUSIONS LHT7 (i.v. infusion) could be safely used for further clinical development as a multi-targeting anti-angiogenic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzana Alam
- a Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University , Seoul , South Korea
| | - Seung Rim Hwang
- b College of Pharmacy, Chosun University , Gwangju , South Korea
| | - Taslim A Al-Hilal
- c Center for Theragonosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology , Wolgog, Seoul , South Korea
| | - Seung Woo Chung
- a Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University , Seoul , South Korea
| | - Hak-Soo Kim
- d ChemOn Inc., Bio-Research Center , Gyeonggi-Do , South Korea
| | - Boo-Hyun Kang
- d ChemOn Inc., Bio-Research Center , Gyeonggi-Do , South Korea
| | - Hu-Song Zhang
- d ChemOn Inc., Bio-Research Center , Gyeonggi-Do , South Korea
| | - Seo-Ho Shin
- d ChemOn Inc., Bio-Research Center , Gyeonggi-Do , South Korea
| | - Joo-Young Lee
- d ChemOn Inc., Bio-Research Center , Gyeonggi-Do , South Korea
| | - Min-Soo Kang
- d ChemOn Inc., Bio-Research Center , Gyeonggi-Do , South Korea
| | - Geum-Hee Kwon
- d ChemOn Inc., Bio-Research Center , Gyeonggi-Do , South Korea
| | | | - Sang Yoon Kim
- f Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology , Seoul , South Korea ;,g Department of Otolaryngology , Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan , Seoul , South Korea
| | - Youngro Byun
- a Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University , Seoul , South Korea ;,e Mediplex Corp , Seoul , South Korea
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Microvascular effects of the low molecular weight heparins in a colorectal xenograft model: an intravital microscopy study. J Surg Res 2015; 194:488-495. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2014.10.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Revised: 09/26/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Debergh I, Van Damme N, De Naeyer D, Smeets P, Demetter P, Robert P, Carme S, Pattyn P, Ceelen W. Molecular imaging of tumor-associated angiogenesis using a novel magnetic resonance imaging contrast agent targeting αvβ 3 integrin. Ann Surg Oncol 2013; 21:2097-104. [PMID: 24356800 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-013-3444-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The recent introduction of biological anticancer therapy has renewed the interest in functional imaging of tumor-associated angiogenesis (TAA) as a tool to monitor early therapy response. The present study evaluated imaging of TAA using P1227, a novel, small molecular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) probe targeting αvβ3 integrin. METHODS HT29 human colorectal cancers were grown in athymic mice. Dynamic MRI was performed using a three-dimensional VIBE sequence up to 110 min after injection of P1227 or gadolinium-tetraazacyclododecane tetraacetic acid (Gd-DOTA). Specificity was assessed by using P1227 1 h after intravenous administration of the αvβ3 inhibitor cilengitide. Regions of interest were drawn encompassing the tumor rim and normal muscle. Imaging data were compared with microvessel density and αvβ3 expression. RESULTS Using P1227, specific enhancement of the angiogenic tumor rim, but not of normal muscle, was observed, whereas Gd-DOTA enhanced tumor and normal muscle. After administering cilengitide, enhancement with P1227, but not with DOTA, was significantly suppressed during the first 20 min. When using P1227, a significant correlation was observed between normalized enhancement of the tumor rim and immunohistochemical αvβ3 integrin expression. CONCLUSIONS Molecular MRI using a small monogadolinated tracer targeting αvβ3 integrin and moderate magnetic field strength holds promise in assessing colorectal TAA.
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Effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on hepatocellular carcinoma in microcirculation. Tumour Biol 2013; 34:2161-8. [PMID: 23584896 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-0749-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2012] [Accepted: 03/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims t explore the effect and application of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on hepatocellular carcinoma in microcirculation by observing the angiogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma in transplanted area. BMSCs were isolated and cultured primarily using the method of whole bone marrow culture and identifying surface antigens of third-generation bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells using flow cytometry. Hepatoma cells cultured with BMSCs-conditioned medium (BMSCs-CM) were assayed using the cell proliferation rate of the MTT method. Nude mice were divided into control group (group A), BMSCs cell transplantation group (group B), HepG-2 cell group (group C), and combined BMSCs and HepG-2 cell cotransplanted group (group D). The result showed that the microvascular density was not significantly different in groups A and B. However, the microvascular density at 14 days was higher than 0 day in group C (P < 0.05). In group D, the microvascular density at 14 days was higher than that of 7 and 0 days (P < 0.05) and 7 days was higher than 0 days (P < 0.05). It was showed that the microvascular density did not get significant difference at 0 and 7 days in the four groups (P > 0.05). But the microvascular density of group C was higher than groups A and B at 14 days (P < 0.05), group D was higher than groups A and B at 14 days (P < 0.05) and group D was higher than group C at 14 days (P < 0.05). BMSCs could promote the growth of microvascular in hepatoma cells in a transplanted area.
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Carmazzi Y, Iorio M, Armani C, Cianchetti S, Raggi F, Neri T, Cordazzo C, Petrini S, Vanacore R, Bogazzi F, Paggiaro P, Celi A. The mechanisms of nadroparin-mediated inhibition of proliferation of two human lung cancer cell lines. Cell Prolif 2013; 45:545-56. [PMID: 23106301 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2184.2012.00847.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Clinical data suggest that heparin treatment improves survival of lung cancer patients, but the mechanisms involved are not fully understood. We investigated whether low molecular weight heparin nadroparin, directly affects lung cancer cell population growth in conventionally cultured cell lines. MATERIALS AND METHODS A549 and CALU1 cells' viability was assessed by MTT and trypan blue exclusion assays. Cell proliferation was assessed using 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine incorporation. Apoptosis and cell-cycle distribution were analysed by flow cytometry; cyclin B1, Cdk1, p-Cdk1 Cdc25C, p-Cdc25C and p21 expressions were analysed by western blotting. mRNA levels were analysed by real time RT-PCR. RESULTS Nadroparin inhibited cell proliferation by 30% in both cell lines; it affected the cell cycle in A549, but not in CALU-1 cells, inducing arrest in the G(2) /M phase. Nadroparin in A549 culture inhibited cyclin B1, Cdk1, Cdc25C and p-Cdc25C, while levels of p-Cdk1 were elevated; p21 expression was not altered. Dalteparin caused a similar reduction in A549 cell population growth; however, it did not alter cyclin B1 expression as expected, based on previous reports. Fondaparinux caused minimal inhibition of A549 cell population growth and no effect on either cell cycle or cyclin B1 expression. CONCLUSIONS Nadroparin inhibited proliferation of A549 cells by inducing G(2) /M phase cell-cycle arrest that was dependent on the Cdc25C pathway, whereas CALU-1 cell proliferation was halted by as yet not elucidated modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Carmazzi
- Laboratory of Respiratory Cell Biology, Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Department, University of Pisa and University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Mriouah J, Boura C, Thomassin M, Bastogne T, Dumas D, Faivre B, Barberi-Heyob M. Tumor vascular responses to antivascular and antiangiogenic strategies: looking for suitable models. Trends Biotechnol 2012; 30:649-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2012.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2012] [Revised: 08/23/2012] [Accepted: 08/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Da Pozzo E, Barsotti MC, Bendinelli S, Martelli A, Calderone V, Balbarini A, Martini C, Di Stefano R. Differential effects of fondaparinux and bemiparin on angiogenic and vasculogenesis-like processes. Thromb Res 2012; 130:e113-22. [PMID: 22497885 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2012.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2012] [Revised: 02/14/2012] [Accepted: 03/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Conventional therapy for venous thromboembolism or acute coronary syndrome involves the administration of glycoanticoagulants (heparins) or oligosaccharides (fondaparinux). We evaluated the effects of such drugs on angiogenesis and vasculogenesis-like models. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human umbilical vein endothelial cells or human endothelial progenitor cells were treated with bemiparin, fondaparinux or unfractionated heparin, at concentrations reflecting the doses used in clinical practice. After 24h, cell viability, proliferation, tubule formation and angiogenic molecular mechanisms, such as activation of the serine/threonine kinase AKT, were assessed. In vivo angiogenesis was studied using a Matrigel sponge assay in mice. RESULTS Bemiparin gave a significant decrease of in vitro angiogenesis as shown by the reduction of endothelial cell tubule network, while both fondaparinux and unfractionated heparin did not show any significant effect. In assays of Matrigel sponge invasion in mice, unfractionated heparin was able to stimulate angiogenesis and, conversely, bemiparin inhibited angiogenesis. Furthermore, both bemiparin and fondaparinux caused a significant reduction in an in vitro vasculogenesis-like model, as demonstrated by the decrease of tubule network after co-seeding of endothelial progenitor cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells. In addition, unfractionated heparin but not bemiparin was able to increase AKT phosphorylation. CONCLUSIONS In in vitro experiments, bemiparin was the only drug to show an anti-angiogenic and vasculogenic-like effect, unfractionated heparin showed only a trend to increase in angiogenesis assay and fondaparinux affected only the vasculogenesis-like model. Notably, the in vivo experiments corroborated these data. Such results are important for the choice of a patient-tailored therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Da Pozzo
- Department of Psychiatry, Neurobiology, Pharmacology and Biotechnology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
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Mandalà M, Tondini C. The impact of thromboprophylaxis on cancer survival: focus on pancreatic cancer. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2011; 11:579-88. [PMID: 21504325 DOI: 10.1586/era.10.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is still a clinical challenge due to its predominantly late diagnosis and the chemoresistance to cytotoxic and target drugs. One of the major complications of pancreatic cancer is venous thromboembolism (VTE). Both ambulatory and hospitalized pancreatic cancer patients are at higher risk of developing VTE. Among patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer, the occurrence of VTE may be associated with a poor prognosis. Furthermore, emerging clinical data strongly suggest that anticoagulant treatment may improve patient survival by decreasing thromboembolic complications as well as by anticancer activity. Given the clinical relevance for both physicians and basic scientists, this article focuses on the experimental and clinical evidence supporting the relation between the coagulation cascade and the invasive and metastatic potential of pancreatic cancer, and suggests that anticoagulant therapy may represent a useful strategy to improve the prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Mandalà
- Unit of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology and Haematology, Ospedali Riuniti, Largo Barozzi 1, Bergamo 24126, Italy.
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Baron VT, Welsh J, Abedinpour P, Borgström P. Intravital microscopy in the mouse dorsal chamber model for the study of solid tumors. Am J Cancer Res 2011; 1:674-686. [PMID: 21994905 PMCID: PMC3189827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2011] [Accepted: 04/26/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Intra-Vital Microscopy (IVM) is used to visualize tumors in animals and analyze various aspects of cancer physiology such as tumor vascularization, cell migration and metastasis. The main advantages of IVM include the real -time analysis of dynamic processes with single-cell resolution. The application of IVM, however, is limited by the availability of animal models that carry visually accessible tumors. These models have evolved over time to become more and more relevant to human tumors. The latest step is the development of a pseudo-orthotopic, syngeneic model for tumor growth and metastasis. In this model, tissue from a variety of mouse organs are grafted in a dorsal skinfold chamber and allowed to revascularize, whereupon tumor cell spheroids are implanted. These spheroids develop into tumors that bear a much closer resemblance to human tumors than xenografts. Unlike xenografts, the vasculature is well-ordered and, because the model is syngeneic, there are no cross-species host immune reactions. The use of fluorescence-tagged pseudo-organs and tumor cells allows IVM analysis and provides real-time access to the development of tumors that closely resemble the real disease. This model can be used to test therapeutics and to image tumor development and stroma-tumor interactions.
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Amornphimoltham P, Masedunskas A, Weigert R. Intravital microscopy as a tool to study drug delivery in preclinical studies. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2011; 63:119-28. [PMID: 20933026 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2010.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2010] [Revised: 09/15/2010] [Accepted: 09/21/2010] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The technical developments in the field of non-linear microscopy have made intravital microscopy one of the most successful techniques for studying physiological and pathological processes in live animals. Intravital microscopy has been utilized to address many biological questions in basic research and is now a fundamental tool for preclinical studies, with an enormous potential for clinical applications. The ability to dynamically image cellular and subcellular structures combined with the possibility to perform longitudinal studies have empowered investigators to use this discipline to study the mechanisms of action of therapeutic agents and assess the efficacy on their targets in vivo. The goal of this review is to provide a general overview of the recent advances in intravital microscopy and to discuss some of its applications in preclinical studies.
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