1
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Merve D, Irfan A, Tugba DKN, Inci SE. Determination of the roles of cADPR and NAADP as intracellular calcium mobilizing messengers in S1P-induced contractions in rat bladders having IC/PBS. Life Sci 2023; 322:121651. [PMID: 37023954 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome (IC/PBS) is characterized by lower abdominal pain and increased frequency and urgency of urine. Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive sphingolipid that plays role in calcium homeostasis in smooth muscle. The intracellular calcium mobilizing secondary messengers are also involved in smooth muscle contraction. The role of intracellular calcium storing depots in S1P-induced contraction was investigated in permeabilized detrusor smooth muscle having cystitis. MAIN METHODS IC/PBS was induced by cyclophosphamide injection. The detrusor smooth muscle strips isolated from rats were permeabilized with β-escin. KEY FINDINGS S1P-induced contraction was increased in cystitis. S1P-induced enhanced contraction was inhibited by cyclopiazonic acid, ryanodine and heparin showing involvement of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) calcium stores. Inhibition of S1P-induced contraction by bafilomycin and NAADP suggested the participation of lysosome-related organelles. SIGNIFICANCE IC/PBS triggers S1P-induced increase in intracellular calcium from SR and lysosome-related organelles in permeabilized detrusor smooth muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denizalti Merve
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Anjum Irfan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Sahin-Erdemli Inci
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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2
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Ganbaatar B, Fukuda D, Shinohara M, Yagi S, Kusunose K, Yamada H, Soeki T, Hirata KI, Sata M. Inhibition of S1P Receptor 2 Attenuates Endothelial Dysfunction and Inhibits Atherogenesis in Apolipoprotein E-Deficient Mice. J Atheroscler Thromb 2020; 28:630-642. [PMID: 32879149 PMCID: PMC8219539 DOI: 10.5551/jat.54916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim:
The bioactive lipid, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), has various roles in the physiology and pathophysiology of many diseases. There are five S1P receptors; however, the role of each S1P receptor in atherogenesis is still obscure. Here we investigated the contribution of S1P receptor 2 (S1P2) to atherogenesis by using a specific S1P2 antagonist, ONO-5430514, in apolipoprotein E-deficient (
Apoe−/−
) mice.
Methods:Apoe−/−
mice fed with a western-type diet (WTD) received ONO-5430514 (30 mg/kg/day) or vehicle. To examine the effect on atherogenesis, Sudan IV staining, histological analysis, qPCR, and vascular reactivity assay was performed. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were used for
in vitro
experiments.
Results:
WTD-fed
Apoe−/−
mice had significantly higher S1P2 expression in the aorta compared with wild-type mice. S1P2 antagonist treatment for 20 weeks reduced atherosclerotic lesion development (
p
<0.05). S1P2 antagonist treatment for 8 weeks ameliorated endothelial dysfunction (
p
<0.05) accompanied with significant reduction of lipid deposition, macrophage accumulation, and inflammatory molecule expression in the aorta compared with vehicle. S1P2 antagonist attenuated the phosphorylation of JNK in the abdominal aorta compared with vehicle (
p
<0.05). In HUVEC, S1P promoted inflammatory molecule expression such as MCP-1 and VCAM-1 (
p
<0.001), which was attenuated by S1P2 antagonist or a JNK inhibitor (
p
<0.01). S1P2 antagonist also inhibited S1P-induced JNK phosphorylation in HUVEC (
p
<0.05).
Conclusions:
Our results suggested that an S1P2 antagonist attenuates endothelial dysfunction and prevents atherogenesis. S1P2, which promotes inflammatory activation of endothelial cells, might be a therapeutic target for atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byambasuren Ganbaatar
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Daiju Fukuda
- Department of Cardio-Diabetes Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Masakazu Shinohara
- The Integrated Center for Mass Spectrometry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine.,Division of Epidemiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Shusuke Yagi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Kenya Kusunose
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Hirotsugu Yamada
- Department of Community Medicine for Cardiology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Takeshi Soeki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences.,Department of Community Medicine and Medical Science, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Ken-Ichi Hirata
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Masataka Sata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
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3
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Fan X, Liu L, Shi Y, Guo F, He X, Zhao X, Zhong D, Li G. Recent advances of the function of sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) receptor S1P3. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:1564-1578. [PMID: 33410533 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Known as a variety of sphingolipid metabolites capable of performing various biological activities, sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is commonly found in platelets, red blood cells, neutrophils, lymph fluid, and blood, as well as other cells and body fluids. S1P comprises five receptors, namely, S1P1-S1P5, with the distribution of S1P receptors exhibiting tissue selectivity to some degree. S1P1, S1P2, and S1P3 are extensively expressed in a wide variety of different tissues. The expression of S1P4 is restricted to lymphoid and hematopoietic tissues, while S1P5 is primarily expressed in the nervous system. S1P3 plays an essential role in the pathophysiological processes related to inflammation, cell proliferation, cell migration, tumor invasion and metastasis, ischemia-reperfusion, tissue fibrosis, and vascular tone. In this paper, the relevant mechanism in the role of S1P3 is summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehui Fan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lili Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yue Shi
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Fanghan Guo
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiao He
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiuli Zhao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Di Zhong
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Guozhong Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
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4
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Panta CR, Ruisanchez É, Móré D, Dancs PT, Balogh A, Fülöp Á, Kerék M, Proia RL, Offermanns S, Tigyi GJ, Benyó Z. Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Enhances α 1-Adrenergic Vasoconstriction via S1P2-G 12/13-ROCK Mediated Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20246361. [PMID: 31861195 PMCID: PMC6941080 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20246361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) has been implicated recently in the physiology and pathology of the cardiovascular system including regulation of vascular tone. Pilot experiments showed that the vasoconstrictor effect of S1P was enhanced markedly in the presence of phenylephrine (PE). Based on this observation, we hypothesized that S1P might modulate α1-adrenergic vasoactivity. In murine aortas, a 20-minute exposure to S1P but not to its vehicle increased the Emax and decreased the EC50 of PE-induced contractions indicating a hyperreactivity to α1-adrenergic stimulation. The potentiating effect of S1P disappeared in S1P2 but not in S1P3 receptor-deficient vessels. In addition, smooth muscle specific conditional deletion of G12/13 proteins or pharmacological inhibition of the Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) by Y-27632 or fasudil abolished the effect of S1P on α1-adrenergic vasoconstriction. Unexpectedly, PE-induced contractions remained enhanced markedly as late as three hours after S1P-exposure in wild-type (WT) and S1P3 KO but not in S1P2 KO vessels. In conclusion, the S1P–S1P2–G12/13–ROCK signaling pathway appears to have a major influence on α1-adrenergic vasoactivity. This cooperativity might lead to sustained vasoconstriction when increased sympathetic tone is accompanied by increased S1P production as it occurs during acute coronary syndrome and stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecília R. Panta
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary (D.M.); (P.T.D.); (A.B.); (M.K.); (G.J.T.)
- Correspondence: (C.R.P.); (Z.B.)
| | - Éva Ruisanchez
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary (D.M.); (P.T.D.); (A.B.); (M.K.); (G.J.T.)
| | - Dorottya Móré
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary (D.M.); (P.T.D.); (A.B.); (M.K.); (G.J.T.)
| | - Péter T. Dancs
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary (D.M.); (P.T.D.); (A.B.); (M.K.); (G.J.T.)
| | - Andrea Balogh
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary (D.M.); (P.T.D.); (A.B.); (M.K.); (G.J.T.)
| | - Ágnes Fülöp
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary (D.M.); (P.T.D.); (A.B.); (M.K.); (G.J.T.)
| | - Margit Kerék
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary (D.M.); (P.T.D.); (A.B.); (M.K.); (G.J.T.)
| | - Richard L. Proia
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
| | - Stefan Offermanns
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany;
| | - Gábor J. Tigyi
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary (D.M.); (P.T.D.); (A.B.); (M.K.); (G.J.T.)
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Zoltán Benyó
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary (D.M.); (P.T.D.); (A.B.); (M.K.); (G.J.T.)
- Correspondence: (C.R.P.); (Z.B.)
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5
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Chen G, Zhang Q, Ai C, Huang S, Zhang H, Guo X, Wang W, Hua W, Bi H, Wang H. Serum metabolic profile characteristics of offspring rats before and after birth caused by prenatal caffeine exposure. Toxicology 2019; 427:152302. [PMID: 31568846 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2019.152302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological investigations have confirmed that prenatal caffeine intake could increase the incidence rate of intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) and multiple diseases after birth. Based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, we analyzed serum metabolic profiles of offspring rats before and after birth in IUGR model induced by prenatal caffeine exposure (PCE). We discovered that differential metabolites in PCE fetuses mainly manifested as amino acids and lipid metabolism. In adulthood, PCE offspring showed less and inconsistent types of differential metabolites compared to those in utero, which still exhibited gender differences. The main differential metabolites induced by PCE, including phospholipids, platelet-activating factor, arachidonic acid, bile acid, sphingosine-1-phosphoric acid, indoxyl sulfuric acid, and cortexolone, may participate in the pathological and physiological processes of organ toxicities. This study demonstrated the short- and long-term developmental toxicity and gender differences of caffeine, providing new ideas for exploring the early warning and drug intervention targets of IUGR offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghui Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Can Ai
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Songqiang Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Huizhen Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 132# Waihuandong Road, Guangzhou University City, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xiaoyu Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Wenju Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Weiying Hua
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Huichang Bi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 132# Waihuandong Road, Guangzhou University City, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan 430071, China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disorder, Wuhan 430071, China.
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6
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Walsh DA, Borges da Silva H, Beura LK, Peng C, Hamilton SE, Masopust D, Jameson SC. The Functional Requirement for CD69 in Establishment of Resident Memory CD8 + T Cells Varies with Tissue Location. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 203:946-955. [PMID: 31243092 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1900052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have characterized populations of memory CD8+ T cells that do not recirculate through the blood but are, instead, retained in nonlymphoid tissues. Such CD8+ tissue resident memory T cells (TRM) are critical for pathogen control at barrier sites. Identifying TRM and defining the basis for their tissue residency is therefore of considerable importance for understanding protective immunity and improved vaccine design. Expression of the molecule CD69 is widely used as a definitive marker for TRM, yet it is unclear whether CD69 is universally required for producing or retaining TRM Using multiple mouse models of acute immunization, we found that the functional requirement for CD69 was highly variable, depending on the tissue examined, playing no detectable role in generation of TRM at some sites (such as the small intestine), whereas CD69 was critical for establishing resident cells in the kidney. Likewise, forced expression of CD69 (but not expression of a CD69 mutant unable to bind the egress factor S1PR1) promoted CD8+ TRM generation in the kidney but not in other tissues. Our findings indicate that the functional relevance of CD69 in generation and maintenance of CD8+ TRM varies considerably, chiefly dependent on the specific nonlymphoid tissue studied. Together with previous reports that suggest uncoupling of CD69 expression and tissue residency, these findings prompt caution in reliance on CD69 expression as a consistent marker of CD8+ TRM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Walsh
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455; and
| | - Henrique Borges da Silva
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455; and
| | - Lalit K Beura
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Changwei Peng
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455; and
| | - Sara E Hamilton
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455; and
| | - David Masopust
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Stephen C Jameson
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455; .,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455; and
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7
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Aktories K, Gierschik P, Heringdorf DMZ, Schmidt M, Schultz G, Wieland T. cAMP guided his way: a life for G protein-mediated signal transduction and molecular pharmacology-tribute to Karl H. Jakobs. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2019; 392:887-911. [PMID: 31101932 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-019-01650-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Karl H. Jakobs, former editor-in-chief of Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology and renowned molecular pharmacologist, passed away in April 2018. In this article, his scientific achievements regarding G protein-mediated signal transduction and regulation of canonical pathways are summarized. Particularly, the discovery of inhibitory G proteins for adenylyl cyclase, methods for the analysis of receptor-G protein interactions, GTP supply by nucleoside diphosphate kinases, mechanisms in phospholipase C and phospholipase D activity regulation, as well as the development of the concept of sphingosine-1-phosphate as extra- and intracellular messenger will presented. His seminal scientific and methodological contributions are put in a general and timely perspective to display and honor his outstanding input to the current knowledge in molecular pharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Aktories
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Albert Ludwigs University, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Peter Gierschik
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89070, Ulm, Germany
| | - Dagmar Meyer Zu Heringdorf
- Institute of General Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Frankfurt am Main, Goethe University, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Martina Schmidt
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, 9713AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Günter Schultz
- Department of Pharmacology, Charité University Medical Center Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Wieland
- Experimental Pharmacology Mannheim (EPM), European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Ludolf-Krehl-Str. 13 - 17, 68167, Mannheim, Germany.
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8
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Nuno DW, Lamping KG. Dietary Fatty Acid Saturation Modulates Sphingosine-1-Phosphate-Mediated Vascular Function. J Diabetes Res 2019; 2019:2354274. [PMID: 31534971 PMCID: PMC6732604 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2354274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipids, modified by dietary fatty acids, are integral components of plasma membrane and caveolae that are also vasoactive compounds. We hypothesized that dietary fatty acid saturation affects vasoconstriction to sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) through caveolar regulation of rho kinase. Wild type (WT) and caveolin-1-deficient (cav-1 KO) mice which lack vascular caveolae were fed a low-fat diet (LF), 60% high-saturated fat diet (lard, HF), or 60% fat diet with equal amounts of lard and n-3 polyunsaturated menhaden oil (MO). Weight gain of WT on HF and MO diets was similar while markedly blunted in cav-1 KO. Neither high-fat diet affected the expression of cav-1, rho, or rho kinase in arteries from WT. In cav-1 KO, MO increased the vascular expression of rho but had no effect on rho kinase. HF had no effect on rho or rho kinase expression in cav-1 KO. S1P produced a concentration-dependent constriction of gracilis arteries from WT on LF that was reduced with HF and restored to normal with MO. Constriction to S1P was reduced in cav-1 KO and no longer affected by a high-saturated fat diet. Inhibition of rho kinase which reduced constriction to PE independent of diet in arteries from WT and cav-1 KO only reduced constriction to S1P in arteries from WT fed MO. The data suggest that dietary fatty acids modify vascular responses to S1P by a caveolar-dependent mechanism which is enhanced by dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel W. Nuno
- Department of Internal Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Kathryn G. Lamping
- Department of Internal Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Iowa City Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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9
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Greig FH, Nather K, Ballantyne MD, Kazi ZH, Alganga H, Ewart MA, Zaborska KE, Fertig B, Pyne NJ, Pyne S, Kennedy S. Requirement for sphingosine kinase 1 in mediating phase 1 of the hypotensive response to anandamide in the anaesthetised mouse. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 842:1-9. [PMID: 30359564 PMCID: PMC6318480 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
In the isolated rat carotid artery, the endocannabinoid anandamide induces endothelium-dependent relaxation via activation of the enzyme sphingosine kinase (SK). This generates sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) which can be released from the cell and activates S1P receptors on the endothelium. In anaesthetised mice, anandamide has a well-characterised triphasic effect on blood pressure but the contribution of SK and S1P receptors in mediating changes in blood pressure has never been studied. Therefore, we assessed this in the current study. The peak hypotensive response to 1 and 10 mg/kg anandamide was measured in control C57BL/6 mice and in mice pretreated with selective inhibitors of SK1 (BML-258, also known as SK1-I) or SK2 ((R)-FTY720 methylether (ROMe), a dual SK1/2 inhibitor (SKi) or an S1P1 receptor antagonist (W146). Vasodilator responses to S1P were also studied in isolated mouse aortic rings. The hypotensive response to anandamide was significantly attenuated by BML-258 but not by ROMe. Antagonising S1P1 receptors with W146 completely blocked the fall in systolic but not diastolic blood pressure in response to anandamide. S1P induced vasodilation in denuded aortic rings was blocked by W146 but caused no vasodilation in endothelium-intact rings. This study provides evidence that the SK1/S1P regulatory-axis is necessary for the rapid hypotension induced by anandamide. Generation of S1P in response to anandamide likely activates S1P1 to reduce total peripheral resistance and lower mean arterial pressure. These findings have important implications in our understanding of the hypotensive and cardiovascular actions of cannabinoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona H Greig
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Katrin Nather
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Margaret D Ballantyne
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Zeshan H Kazi
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Husam Alganga
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Marie-Ann Ewart
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Karolina E Zaborska
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Bracy Fertig
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Nigel J Pyne
- Cell Biology Group, Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, 161 Cathedral Street, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK
| | - Susan Pyne
- Cell Biology Group, Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, 161 Cathedral Street, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK
| | - Simon Kennedy
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK.
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10
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Guan Z, Wang F, Cui X, Inscho EW. Mechanisms of sphingosine-1-phosphate-mediated vasoconstriction of rat afferent arterioles. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2018. [PMID: 28640982 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
AIM Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) influences resistance vessel function and is implicated in renal pathological processes. Previous studies revealed that S1P evoked potent vasoconstriction of the pre-glomerular microvasculature, but the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely defined. We postulated that S1P-mediated pre-glomerular microvascular vasoconstriction involves activation of voltage-dependent L-type calcium channels (L-VDCC) and the rho/rho kinase pathway. METHODS Afferent arteriolar reactivity was assessed in vitro using the blood-perfused rat juxtamedullary nephron preparation, and diameter was measured during exposure to physiological and pharmacological agents. RESULTS Exogenous S1P (10-9 -10-5 mol L-1 ) evoked concentration-dependent vasoconstriction of afferent arterioles. Superfusion with nifedipine, a L-VDCC blocker, increased arteriolar diameter by 39 ± 18% of baseline and significantly attenuated the S1P-induced vasoconstriction. Superfusion with the rho kinase inhibitor, Y-27632, increased diameter by 60 ± 12% of baseline and also significantly blunted vasoconstriction by S1P. Combined nifedipine and Y-27632 treatment significantly inhibited S1P-induced vasoconstriction over the entire concentration range tested. In contrast, depletion of intracellular Ca2+ stores with the Ca2+ -ATPase inhibitors, thapsigargin or cyclopiazonic acid, did not alter the S1P-mediated vasoconstrictor profile. Scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) or inhibition of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase activity significantly attenuated S1P-mediated vasoconstriction. CONCLUSION Exogenous S1P elicits potent vasoconstriction of rat afferent arterioles. These data also demonstrate that S1P-mediated pre-glomerular vasoconstriction involves activation of L-VDCC, the rho/rho kinase pathway and ROS. Mobilization of Ca2+ from intracellular stores is not required for S1P-mediated vasoconstriction. These studies reveal a potential role for S1P in the modulation of renal microvascular tone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z. Guan
- Division of Nephrology; Department of Medicine; University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham AL USA
| | - F. Wang
- Department of Biostatistics; Ryals School of Public Health; University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham AL USA
| | - X. Cui
- Department of Biostatistics; Ryals School of Public Health; University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham AL USA
| | - E. W. Inscho
- Division of Nephrology; Department of Medicine; University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham AL USA
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11
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Xu Y, Xiao YJ, Baudhuin LM, Schwartz BM. The Role and Clinical Applications of Bioactive Lysolipids in Ovarian Cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/107155760100800101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xu
- Department of Cancer Biology Lerner Research Institute and the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Cleveland Clinic Foundation; Department of Chemistry, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, Ohio; Department of Cancer Biology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44195
| | | | | | - Benjamin M. Schwartz
- Department of Cancer Biology Lerner Research Institute and the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Cleveland Clinic Foundation; Department of Chemistry, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, Ohio
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12
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Cantalupo A, Di Lorenzo A. S1P Signaling and De Novo Biosynthesis in Blood Pressure Homeostasis. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2016; 358:359-70. [PMID: 27317800 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.116.233205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Initially discovered as abundant components of eukaryotic cell membranes, sphingolipids are now recognized as important bioactive signaling molecules that modulate a variety of cellular functions, including those relevant to cancer and immunologic, inflammatory, and cardiovascular disorders. In this review, we discuss recent advances in our understanding of the role of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) receptors in the regulation of vascular function, and focus on how de novo biosynthesized sphingolipids play a role in blood pressure homeostasis. The therapeutic potential of new drugs that target S1P signaling is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Cantalupo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Vascular Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, New York
| | - Annarita Di Lorenzo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Vascular Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, New York
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13
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Tang H, Zhao D, Chen S, Fang M, Wang F, Cui Y, Tang N, Chen Q. Expression of Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) on the cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage in rabbits. Acta Cir Bras 2016; 30:654-9. [PMID: 26560422 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-865020150100000001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To demonstrate the relationship between of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) expression and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). METHODS The basilar arteries from a "double-hemorrhage" rabbit model of SAH were used to investigate the relation between S1P expression and SAH. Various symptoms, including blood clots, basilar artery cross-sectional area, and S1P phosphatase expression were measured at day 3, 5, 7, 9. RESULTS The expression of S1P was enhanced in the cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage in the rabbits. And S1P expression was consistent with the basilar artery cross-sectional area changes at day 3, 5, 7, 9. CONCLUSION Sphingosine-1-phosphate expression in the cerebral arterial may be a new indicator in the development of cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage and provide a new therapeutic method for SAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wuhan University, Hubei Province, P.R.C, China
| | - Donggang Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital, Three Gorges University, Hubei Province, P.R.C., China
| | - Shaojun Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital, Three Gorges University, Hubei Province, P.R.C., China
| | - Ming Fang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital, Three Gorges University, Hubei Province, P.R.C., China
| | - Feifan Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital, Three Gorges University, Hubei Province, P.R.C., China
| | - Ying Cui
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital, Three Gorges University, Hubei Province, P.R.C., China
| | - Na Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital, Three Gorges University, Hubei Province, P.R.C., China
| | - Qianxue Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital, Three Gorges University, Hubei Province, P.R.C., China
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14
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Proia RL, Hla T. Emerging biology of sphingosine-1-phosphate: its role in pathogenesis and therapy. J Clin Invest 2015; 125:1379-87. [PMID: 25831442 DOI: 10.1172/jci76369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 388] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane sphingolipids are metabolized to sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a bioactive lipid mediator that regulates many processes in vertebrate development, physiology, and pathology. Once exported out of cells by cell-specific transporters, chaperone-bound S1P is spatially compartmentalized in the circulatory system. Extracellular S1P interacts with five GPCRs that are widely expressed and transduce intracellular signals to regulate cellular behavior, such as migration, adhesion, survival, and proliferation. While many organ systems are affected, S1P signaling is essential for vascular development, neurogenesis, and lymphocyte trafficking. Recently, a pharmacological S1P receptor antagonist has won approval to control autoimmune neuroinflammation in multiple sclerosis. The availability of pharmacological tools as well as mouse genetic models has revealed several physiological actions of S1P and begun to shed light on its pathological roles. The unique mode of signaling of this lysophospholipid mediator is providing novel opportunities for therapeutic intervention, with possibilities to target not only GPCRs but also transporters, metabolic enzymes, and chaperones.
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15
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Kamiya T, Nagaoka T, Omae T, Yoshioka T, Ono S, Tanano I, Yoshida A. Role of Ca2+-dependent and Ca2+-sensitive mechanisms in sphingosine 1-phosphate-induced constriction of isolated porcine retinal arterioles in vitro. Exp Eye Res 2014; 121:94-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2014.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2013] [Revised: 01/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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16
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Guan Z, Singletary ST, Cook AK, Hobbs JL, Pollock JS, Inscho EW. Sphingosine-1-phosphate evokes unique segment-specific vasoconstriction of the renal microvasculature. J Am Soc Nephrol 2014; 25:1774-85. [PMID: 24578134 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2013060656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a bioactive sphingolipid metabolite, has been implicated in regulating vascular tone and participating in chronic and acute kidney injury. However, little is known about the role of S1P in the renal microcirculation. Here, we directly assessed the vasoresponsiveness of preglomerular and postglomerular microvascular segments to exogenous S1P using the in vitro blood-perfused juxtamedullary nephron preparation. Superfusion of S1P (0.001-10 μM) evoked concentration-dependent vasoconstriction in preglomerular microvessels, predominantly afferent arterioles. After administration of 10 μM S1P, the diameter of afferent arterioles decreased to 35%±5% of the control diameter, whereas the diameters of interlobular and arcuate arteries declined to 50%±12% and 68%±6% of the control diameter, respectively. Notably, efferent arterioles did not respond to S1P. The S1P receptor agonists FTY720 and FTY720-phosphate and the specific S1P1 receptor agonist SEW2871 each evoked modest afferent arteriolar vasoconstriction. Conversely, S1P2 receptor inhibition with JTE-013 significantly attenuated S1P-mediated afferent arteriolar vasoconstriction. Moreover, blockade of L-type voltage-dependent calcium channels with diltiazem or nifedipine attenuated S1P-mediated vasoconstriction. Intravenous injection of S1P in anesthetized rats reduced renal blood flow dose dependently. Western blotting and immunofluorescence revealed S1P1 and S1P2 receptor expression in isolated preglomerular microvessels and microvascular smooth muscle cells. These data demonstrate that S1P evokes segmentally distinct preglomerular vasoconstriction via activation of S1P1 and/or S1P2 receptors, partially via L-type voltage-dependent calcium channels. Accordingly, S1P may have a novel function in regulating afferent arteriolar resistance under physiologic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Janet L Hobbs
- Experimental Medicine, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia
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17
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Altura BM, Shah NC, Shah GJ, Zhang A, Li W, Zheng T, Perez-Albela JL, Altura BT. Short-term Mg deficiency upregulates protein kinase C isoforms in cardiovascular tissues and cells; relation to NF-kB, cytokines, ceramide salvage sphingolipid pathway and PKC-zeta: hypothesis and review. Int J Clin Exp Med 2014; 7:1-21. [PMID: 24482684 PMCID: PMC3902236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2013] [Accepted: 12/29/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Numerous recent,epidemiological studies reveal that Western populations are growing more and more deficient in daily Mg intake which have been linked to etiology of cardiovascular (CV) diseases. A growing body of evidence suggests that a major missing link to this dilemma may reside within the sphingolipid-ceramide pathways. For the past 25 years , our labs have been focusing on these pathways in Mg-deficient mammals. The objective of this paper is two-fold: 1) to test various hypotheses and 2) to review the current status of the field and how protein kinase C isoforms may be pivotal to solving some of the CV attributes of Mg deficiency. Below, we test the hypotheses that: 1) short-term dietary deficiency of magnesium (MgD) would result in the upregulation of protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms in left ventricular (LV) and aortic smooth muscle (ASM) and serum; 2) MgD would result in a release of select cytokines and an upregulation of NF-kB in LV and ASM, and in primary cultured aortic smooth muscle cells (PCASMC); 3) MgD would result in an activation of the sphingolipid salvage pathway in LV and ASM, and in PCASMC; 4) MgD would result in a synthesis of sphingosine, but not sphinganine, in PCASMC which could be inhibited by fumonisin B1 (FB) an inhibitor of ceramide synthase (CS), but not scyphostatin an inhibitor of neutral sphingomyelinase (N-SMase); 5) incubation of PCASMC (in low Mg(2+)) with the PKC-mimic PMA would result in release and synthesis of NF-kB, cytokines, and ceramide but not sphingosine. The new data indicate that short-term MgD (10% normal dietary intake) result in an upregulation of all three classes of PKC isoforms in LV, aortic muscle and in serum coupled to the upregulation of ceramide, NF-kB activation, and cytokines. High degrees of linear correlation were found to exist between upregulation of PKC isoforms, p65 and cytokine release, suggesting cross-talk between these molecules and molecular pathways. Our experiments with PCASMCs demonstrated that MgD caused a pronounced synthesis of sphingosine (but not sphinganine), which could be inhibited with fumonisin B1, but not by scyphostatin; use of PMA stimulation released ceramide but not sphingosine suggesting a role for the "sphingolipid salvage pathway" in MgD vascular muscle. Use of different PKC pharmacological inhibitors suggested that although all three classes of PKC molecules, i.e., classical, novel, and atypical, play roles in MgD-induced synthesis/release of ceramide, sphingosine, and cytokines as well as activation of NF-kB, to varying degrees, PKC-zeta appears to play a greater role in these events than any of the other PKC isoforms; a specific PKC-zeta inhibitory peptide inhibited formation of sphingosine. Even low levels of water-borne Mg (e.g., 15 mg/l/day) either prevented or ameliorated the upregulation of all three classes of PKC isoforms. An attempt is made to integrate our new data with previous information in order to possibly explain many of the cardiovascular effects of MgD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burton M Altura
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, State University of New York Downstate Medical CenterBrooklyn, NY 11203
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York Downstate Medical CenterBrooklyn, NY 11203
- Center for Cardiovascular and Muscle Research, State University of New York Downstate Medical CenterBrooklyn, NY 11203
- School of Graduate Studies Program in Molecular and Cellular Science, State University of New York Downstate Medical CenterBrooklyn, NY 11203
- Bio-Defense Systems, Inc, Rockville CentreNY 11570
| | - Nilank C Shah
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, State University of New York Downstate Medical CenterBrooklyn, NY 11203
| | - Gatha J Shah
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, State University of New York Downstate Medical CenterBrooklyn, NY 11203
| | - Aimin Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, State University of New York Downstate Medical CenterBrooklyn, NY 11203
| | - Wenyan Li
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, State University of New York Downstate Medical CenterBrooklyn, NY 11203
| | - Tao Zheng
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, State University of New York Downstate Medical CenterBrooklyn, NY 11203
| | | | - Bella T Altura
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, State University of New York Downstate Medical CenterBrooklyn, NY 11203
- Center for Cardiovascular and Muscle Research, State University of New York Downstate Medical CenterBrooklyn, NY 11203
- School of Graduate Studies Program in Molecular and Cellular Science, State University of New York Downstate Medical CenterBrooklyn, NY 11203
- Bio-Defense Systems, Inc, Rockville CentreNY 11570
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18
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Kendig DM, Matsumoto AK, Moreland RS. Sphingosine-1-phosphate induced contraction of bladder smooth muscle. Eur J Pharmacol 2013; 720:355-62. [PMID: 24120660 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2013] [Revised: 10/02/2013] [Accepted: 10/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive sphingolipid that contracts most smooth muscles. Although S1P has been shown to contract bladder smooth muscle, the mechanism(s) by which S1P initiates contraction has not been extensively investigated. The goal of this study was to determine if S1P-induced force generation and myosin light chain (MLC) phosphorylation are dependent on calcium sensitization pathways mediated by protein kinase C (PKC) and Rho kinase (ROCK) and which S1P receptor is important in this response. Bladder smooth muscle strips from rabbit and rat were mounted for isometric force recording and contracted in response to carbachol or S1P in the presence and absence of an inhibitor of PKC (3 µM Bisindolylmaleimide-1) or ROCK (1 µM H-1172). 10 µM S1P produced approximately 40% of the force generated in response to 110 mM KCl in rabbit bladder smooth muscle. S1P, up to 100 µM, did not produce a response in rat bladder smooth muscle, any response evoked was due to solvent (NaOH). S1P-dependent force development was associated with a concomitant increase in Ser(19), but not dual Thr(18)/Ser(19) MLC phosphorylation. Inhibition of PKC decreased force development, whereas inhibition of ROCK abolished S1P-induced force. An inhibitor of the S1P2 receptor, JTE-013, relaxed a S1P-induced contraction; whereas, an agonist with low affinity to the S1P2 receptor, dihydro-S1P, did not elicit a contraction. Our results suggest that S1P contracts rabbit, but not rat, bladder smooth muscle via the S1P2 receptor and is dependent on MLC phosphorylation and myofilament calcium sensitization primarily in response to ROCK activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek M Kendig
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, 245 N 15th Street, MS #488, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA
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19
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Aberrant Sphingolipid Metabolism in the Human Fallopian Tube with Ectopic Pregnancy. Lipids 2013; 48:989-95. [DOI: 10.1007/s11745-013-3818-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2013] [Accepted: 07/11/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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20
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Nam YS, Suh JS, Song HJ, Sohn UD. Signaling pathway of lysophosphatidic Acid-induced contraction in feline esophageal smooth muscle cells. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2013; 17:139-47. [PMID: 23626476 PMCID: PMC3634091 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2013.17.2.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2013] [Revised: 02/24/2013] [Accepted: 03/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Lysolipids such as LPA, S1P and SPC have diverse biological activities including cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration. We investigated signaling pathways of LPA-induced contraction in feline esophageal smooth muscle cells. We used freshly isolated smooth muscle cells and permeabilized cells from cat esophagus to measure the length of cells. Maximal contraction occurred at 10-6 M and the response peaked at 30s. To identify LPA receptor subtypes in cells, western blot analysis was performed with antibodies to LPA receptor subtypes. LPA1 and LPA3 receptor were detected at 50 kDa and 44 kDa. LPA-induced contraction was almost completely blocked by LPA receptor (1/3) antagonist KI16425. Pertussis toxin (PTX) inhibited the contraction induced by LPA, suggesting that the contraction is mediated by a PTX-sensitive G protein. Phospholipase C (PLC) inhibitors U73122 and neomycin, and protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor GF109203X also reduced the contraction. The PKC-mediated contraction may be isozyme-specific since only PKCε antibody inhibited the contraction. MEK inhibitor PD98059 and JNK inhibitor SP600125 blocked the contraction. However, there is no synergistic effect of PKC and MAPK on the LPA-induced contraction. In addition, RhoA inhibitor C3 exoenzyme and ROCK inhibitor Y27632 significantly, but not completely, reduced the contraction. The present study demonstrated that LPA-induced contraction seems to be mediated by LPA receptors (1/3), coupled to PTX-sensitive G protein, resulting in activation of PLC, PKC-ε pathway, which subsequently mediates activation of ERK and JNK. The data also suggest that RhoA/ROCK are involved in the LPA-induced contraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Sung Nam
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea
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21
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Kim YD, Han KT, Lee J, Park CG, Kim MY, Shahi PK, Zuo DC, Choi S, Jun JY. Effects of sphingosine-1-phosphate on pacemaker activity of interstitial cells of Cajal from mouse small intestine. Mol Cells 2013; 35:79-86. [PMID: 23307289 PMCID: PMC3887851 DOI: 10.1007/s10059-013-2282-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2012] [Revised: 12/03/2012] [Accepted: 12/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) are the pacemaker cells that generate the rhythmic oscillation responsible for the production of slow waves in gastrointestinal smooth muscle. Spingolipids are known to present in digestive system and are responsible for multiple important physiological and pathological processes. In this study, we are interested in the action of sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) on ICC. S1P depolarized the membrane and increased tonic inward pacemaker currents. FTY720 phosphate (FTY720P, an S1P(1,3,4,5) agonist) and SEW 2871 (an S1P(1) agonist) had no effects on pacemaker activity. Suramin (an S1P(3) antagonist) did not block the S1P-induced action on pacemaker currents. However, JTE-013 (an S1P(2) antagonist) blocked the S1P-induced action. RT-PCR revealed the presence of the S1P(2) in ICC. Calphostin C (a protein kinase C inhibitor), NS-398 (a cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor), PD 98059 (a p42/44 inhibitor), or SB 203580 (a p38 inhibitor) had no effects on S1P-induced action. However, c-jun NH(2)-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitor II suppressed S1P-induced action. External Ca(2+)-free solution or thapsigargin (a Ca(2+)-ATPase inhibitor of endoplasmic reticulum) suppressed action of S1P on ICC. In recording of intracellular Ca(2+) ([Ca(2+)](i)) concentration using fluo-4/AM S1P increased intensity of spontaneous [Ca(2+)](i) oscillations in ICC. These results suggest that S1P can modulate pacemaker activity of ICC through S1P(2) via regulation of external and internal Ca(2+) and mitogenactivated protein kinase activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Dae Kim
- Department of Physiology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju 501-759,
Korea
| | - Kyoung Taek Han
- Department of Physiology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju 501-759,
Korea
| | - Jun Lee
- Department of Physiology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju 501-759,
Korea
| | - Chan Guk Park
- Department of Physiology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju 501-759,
Korea
| | - Man Yoo Kim
- Department of Physiology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju 501-759,
Korea
| | | | | | | | - Jae Yeoul Jun
- Department of Physiology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju 501-759,
Korea
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Kauffenstein G, Laher I, Matrougui K, Guérineau NC, Henrion D. Emerging role of G protein-coupled receptors in microvascular myogenic tone. Cardiovasc Res 2012; 95:223-32. [PMID: 22637750 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvs152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood flow autoregulation results from the ability of resistance arteries to reduce or increase their diameters in response to changes in intravascular pressure. The mechanism by which arteries maintain a constant blood flow to organs over a range of pressures relies on this myogenic response, which defines the intrinsic property of the smooth muscle to contract in response to stretch. The resistance to flow created by myogenic tone (MT) prevents tissue damage and allows the maintenance of a constant perfusion, despite fluctuations in arterial pressure. Interventions targeting MT may provide a more rational therapeutic approach in vascular disorders, such as hypertension, vasospasm, chronic heart failure, or diabetes. Despite its early description by Bayliss in 1902, the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying MT remain poorly understood. We now appreciate that MT requires a complex mechanotransduction converting a physical stimulus (pressure) into a biological response (change in vessel diameter). Although smooth muscle cell depolarization and a rise in intracellular calcium concentration are recognized as cornerstones of the myogenic response, the role of wall strain-induced formation of vasoactive mediators is less well established. The vascular system expresses a large variety of Class 1 G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) activated by an eclectic range of chemical entities, including peptides, lipids, nucleotides, and amines. These messengers can function in blood vessels as vasoconstrictors. This review focuses on locally generated GPCR agonists and their proposed contributions to MT. Their interplay with pivotal G(q-11) and G(12-13) protein signalling is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilles Kauffenstein
- Biologie Neurovasculaire et Mitochondriale Intégrée, UMR CNRS 6214 INSERM 1083, Université d'Angers, France
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Bautista-Pérez R, Arellano A, Franco M, Osorio H, Coronel I. Sphingosine-1-phosphate induced vasoconstriction is increased in the isolated perfused kidneys of diabetic rats. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2011; 94:e8-11. [PMID: 21775010 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2011.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2011] [Revised: 06/09/2011] [Accepted: 06/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We observed that in isolated perfused rat kidneys, sphingosine-1-phosphate produces S1P(2) receptor-mediated vasoconstriction, and this response increased in kidneys of diabetic rats. These results suggest that the antagonists of S1P(2) receptor may have potential as drugs to control diabetes-induced vascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocio Bautista-Pérez
- Department of Nephrology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiologia Ignacio Chavez, México City, Mexico.
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Jackson EK. Role of sphingosine-1-phosphate in the renal medulla. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2011; 301:F33-4. [PMID: 21511695 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00207.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Altura BM, Shah NC, Li Z, Jiang XC, Zhang A, Li W, Zheng T, Perez-Albela JL, Altura BT. Short-term magnesium deficiency upregulates sphingomyelin synthase and p53 in cardiovascular tissues and cells: relevance to the de novo synthesis of ceramide. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2010; 299:H2046-55. [PMID: 20935146 PMCID: PMC3774185 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00671.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2010] [Accepted: 09/29/2010] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The present study tested the hypotheses that 1) short-term dietary deficiency of magnesium (21 days) in rats would result in the upregulation of sphingomyelin synthase (SMS) and p53 in cardiac and vascular (aortic) smooth muscles, 2) low levels of Mg(2+) added to drinking water would either prevent or greatly reduce the upregulation of both SMS and p53, 3) exposure of primary cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) to low extracellular Mg(2+) concentration ([Mg(2)](o)) would lead to the de novo synthesis of ceramide, 4) inhibition of either SMS or p53 in primary culture VSMCs exposed to low [Mg(2+)](o) would lead to reductions in the levels of de novo ceramide synthesis, and 5) inhibition of sphingomyelin palmitoyl-CoA transferase (SPT) or ceramide synthase (CS) in primary cultured VSMCs exposed to low [Mg(2+)](o) would lead to a reduction in the levels of de novo ceramide synthesis. The data indicated that short-term magnesium deficiency (10% normal dietary intake) resulted in the upregulation of SMS and p53 in both ventricular and aortic smooth muscles; even very low levels of water-borne Mg(2+) (e.g., 15 mg·l(-1)·day(-1)) either prevented or ameliorated the upregulation in SMS and p53. Our experiments also showed that VSMCs exposed to low [Mg(2+)](o) resulted in the de novo synthesis of ceramide; the lower the [Mg(2+)](o), the greater the synthesis of ceramide. In addition, the data indicated that inhibition of either SMS, p53, SPT, or CS in VSMCs exposed to low [Mg(2+)](o) resulted in marked reductions in the de novo synthesis of ceramide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burton M Altura
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, State University of New York, Brooklyn, New York, USA.
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26
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Altura BM, Shah NC, Li Z, Jiang XC, Perez-Albela JL, Altura BT. Magnesium deficiency upregulates serine palmitoyl transferase (SPT 1 and SPT 2) in cardiovascular tissues: relationship to serum ionized Mg and cytochrome c. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2010; 299:H932-8. [PMID: 20581087 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.01076.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The present work tested the hypothesis that a short-term dietary deficiency of magnesium (Mg) (21 days) in rats would result in the upregulation of the two major subunits of serine palmitoyl-CoA-transferase, serine palmitoyl transferase (SPT 1) and SPT 2 (the rate-limiting enzymes responsible for the de novo biosynthesis of ceramides) in left ventricular, right ventricular, and atrial heart muscle and abdominal aortic smooth muscle, as well as induce a reduction in serum sphingomyelin concomitant with the release of mitochondrial cytochrome c (Cyto c) in these tissues. Our data indicate that short-term Mg deficiency (MgD) resulted in an upregulation of SPT 1 and SPT 2, concomitant with a very significant release of Cyto c in left ventricular, right ventricular, atrial, and abdominal aortic smooth muscle. Short-term MgD also produced a lowering of serum sphingomyelin and ionized Mg. The greater the reduction in serum ionized Mg, the greater the upregulation of SPT 1 and 2 and the more the increase in free Cyto c. The data suggest that MgD, most likely, causes a biosynthesis of ceramides via two pathways in cardiovascular tissues, viz., via the activation of serine palmitoyl-CoA-transferase and sphingomyelinase, which lead to apoptotic events via intrinsic (present study) and extrinsic pathways (previous studies). Low levels of drinking water Mg were cardio- and vasculoprotective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burton M Altura
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, SUNY Downstate Medical Ctr., 450 Clarkson Ave., Brooklyn, NY, 11203-2098, USA.
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Szczepaniak WS, Pitt BR, McVerry BJ. S1P2 receptor-dependent Rho-kinase activation mediates vasoconstriction in the murine pulmonary circulation induced by sphingosine 1-phosphate. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2010; 299:L137-45. [PMID: 20435688 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00233.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Vasoactive properties of sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) have been demonstrated by many investigators to vary in systemic vascular beds. These variations appear to reflect differential S1P receptor expression in the vasculature of these tissues. Although S1P has been demonstrated to enhance endothelial barrier function, induce airway hyperresponsiveness, and modulate immune responses in the lung, the pulmonary vasomotor effects of S1P remain poorly defined. In the present study, we sought to define the vasoregulatory effects of S1P in the pulmonary vasculature and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms operative in effecting the response in the intact lung. S1P (10 microM) increased pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) by 36% in the isolated perfused mouse lung. S1P-induced vasoconstriction was reduced by 64% by concomitant administration of the Rho-kinase inhibitor Y27632 (10 microM). Similarly, the S1P response was attenuated by >50% after S1P(2) receptor antagonism (JTE-013; 10 microM) and in S1P(2) receptor null mice. In contrast, S1P(3) receptor antagonism (VPC23019; 10 microM) had no effect on the contractile response to S1P. Furthermore, we confirmed the role of Rho-kinase as an important regulator of basal vasomotor tone in the isolated perfused mouse lung. These results suggest that S1P is capable of altering pulmonary vascular tone in vivo and may play an important role in the modulation of pulmonary vascular tone both in the normal lung and under pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- William S Szczepaniak
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
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Daum G, Grabski A, Reidy MA. Sphingosine 1-phosphate: a regulator of arterial lesions. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2009; 29:1439-43. [PMID: 19592471 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.108.175240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Sphingosine-1 phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive sphingolipid that is critical in the development of blood vessels, and in the adult regulates vascular functions including vascular tone, endothelial integrity, and angiogenesis. Further, S1P may regulate arterial lesions in disease and after injury by controlling leukocyte recruitment and smooth muscle cell functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Daum
- Department of Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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Altura BM, Shah NC, Jiang XC, Li Z, Perez-Albela JL, Sica AC, Altura BT. Short-term magnesium deficiency results in decreased levels of serum sphingomyelin, lipid peroxidation, and apoptosis in cardiovascular tissues. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2009; 297:H86-92. [PMID: 19429813 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.01154.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The present study tested the hypothesis that short-term dietary deficiency of magnesium (Mg) (21 days) in rats would 1) result in decreased serum(s) [the present study tested the levels of Mg, sphingomyelin (SM), and phosphatidylcholine (PC)]; 2) promote DNA fragmentation, lipid peroxidation (LP), and activation of caspase-3 in cardiac (ventricular and atrial) and vascular(aortic) muscle; and 3) low levels of Mg(2+) added to drinking water would either prevent or greatly ameliorate these manifestations. The data indicate that short-term Mg deficiency (10% normal dietary intake) resulted in profound reductions in serum-ionized Mg and total Mg with an elevation in serum-ionized calcium (Ca(2+)), significant lowering of serum SM and serum PC, with concomitant LP, DNA fragmentation, and activation of caspase-3 in ventricular (right and left chambers), atrial (right and left chambers) and abdominal aortic smooth muscle. The greater the reduction in serum-ionized Mg, the greater the effects on DNA fragmentation, LP, and caspase-3 activity. The intake of water-borne Mg(2+) at all levels greatly attenuated or inhibited the reductions in serum SM and serum PC, activation of LP, DNA fragmentation, and the activation of caspase-3; even very low levels of Mg(2+) in drinking water (i.e., 15 parts.million(-1).day(-1)) were cardio- and vascular protective. In addition, we demonstrate that short-term dietary deficiency of Mg probably results in a downregulation of SM synthase and a decreased synthesis of PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burton M Altura
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203-2098, USA.
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Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a phosphorylated product of sphingosine, the core structure of the class of lipids termed sphingolipids. S1P is a naturally occurring lipid metabolite, and usually is present at a concentration of a few 100 nanomolar in human sera. S1P has been found to exert a diverse set of physiological and pathophysiological responses in mammalian tissues through the activation of heterotrimeric G-proteins that in turn modulate the activity of various downstream effecter molecules. In blood vessels, vascular endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells express specific receptors for S1P that modulate vascular tone. This article will provide a brief overview of S1P metabolism in the vasculature and will discuss some of the pathways whereby S1P regulates intracellular signal transduction pathways in endothelial and smooth muscle cells, leading to the activation of both vasorelaxation and vasoconstriction responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junsuke Igarashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Kagawa University, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan.
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Choi SK, Ahn DS, Lee YH. Comparison of contractile mechanisms of sphingosylphosphorylcholine and sphingosine-1-phosphate in rabbit coronary artery. Cardiovasc Res 2009; 82:324-32. [PMID: 19218288 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvp054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Although stimulation with sphingosylphosphorylcholine (SPC) or sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) generally leads to similar vascular responses, the contractile patterns and their underlying signalling mechanisms are often distinct. We investigated the different reliance upon Ca2+-dependent and Ca2+-sensitizing mechanisms of constriction in response to SPC or S1P in coronary arteries. METHODS AND RESULTS Contractile responses, changes in [Ca2+]i, and phosphorylation of myosin light chain phosphatase-targeting subunit (MYPT1) were measured. SPC induced a concentration-dependent sustained contraction. S1P evoked a rapid rise in force (initial transient), which was followed by a secondary sustained force. In the absence of extracellular Ca2+, the concentration dependency of constriction to SPC was shifted to the right, but with no change in maximum force, whereas S1P-induced contraction was significantly blunted. Cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) significantly decreased the initial transient force induced by S1P. In isolated single cells, S1P markedly increased [Ca2+]i, whereas only a modest elevation was noted with SPC. The S1P-induced elevation of [Ca2+]i was abolished by pre-treatment with CPA and was significantly reduced in the absence of extracellular Ca2+. In beta-escin-permeabilized strips, SPC augmented pCa 6.3-induced force; this was significantly inhibited by fasudil hydrochloride. S1P induced little or no augmentation of pCa 6.3-induced force. In intact arteries, SPC-induced contraction was completely inhibited by fasudil hydrochloride. Fasudil hydrochloride had no effect on the initial transient force induced by S1P but significantly inhibited the secondary sustained force. SPC induced a several-fold increase in Thr696 and Thr853 phosphorylation of MYPT1, but S1P did not affect phosphorylation of MYPT1. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that constriction of coronary arteries in response to the bioactive lipid S1P or SPC occurs by distinct signalling pathways. Activation of the RhoA/RhoA-associated kinase pathway and subsequent phosphorylation of MYPT1 play a key role in SPC-induced coronary contraction, whereas elevation of [Ca2+]i is crucial for S1P-induced coronary constriction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Kyoung Choi
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, BK 21 Project for Medical Sciences, Yonsei University, CPO Box 8044, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea
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Kennedy S, Kane KA, Pyne NJ, Pyne S. Targeting sphingosine-1-phosphate signalling for cardioprotection. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2008; 9:194-201. [PMID: 19070545 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2008.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2008] [Accepted: 11/03/2008] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive lysophospholipid generated by the sphingosine kinase (SK1 or SK2)-catalysed phosphorylation of sphingosine. Plasma S1P is carried in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) or bound to albumin and is reported to arise from activated platelets and erythrocytes. In addition, extracellular SK1 released from vascular endothelial cells may also contribute to plasma S1P levels. S1P exerts its effects through a family of five high affinity S1P-specific G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), S1P(1-5). Various S1P receptors are present in the cardiovascular system, including cardiac tissue. Additionally, intracellular S1P may have a second messenger action. Since S1P is recognised as a survival factor in many tissues, there has been much interest in S1P as a cardioprotective agent. Recent evidence indicates that S1P can pre-condition and post-condition the heart and that the cardioprotective effect of HDL may be because of its S1P content. In addition, evidence is emerging that the cardioprotective effects of cannabinoids and S1P may be linked.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Kennedy
- Faculty of Biomedical and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK.
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33
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Jeon ES, Park WS, Lee MJ, Kim YM, Han J, Kim JH. A Rho Kinase/Myocardin-Related Transcription Factor-A–Dependent Mechanism Underlies the Sphingosylphosphorylcholine-Induced Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Into Contractile Smooth Muscle Cells. Circ Res 2008; 103:635-42. [DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.108.180885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eun Su Jeon
- From the Medical Research Center for Ischemic Tissue Regeneration (E.S.J., M.J.L., Y.M.K., J.H.K.), the Medical Research Institute, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Pusan National University; and National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling (W.S.P., J.H.), FIRST Mitochondria Research Group, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Sun Park
- From the Medical Research Center for Ischemic Tissue Regeneration (E.S.J., M.J.L., Y.M.K., J.H.K.), the Medical Research Institute, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Pusan National University; and National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling (W.S.P., J.H.), FIRST Mitochondria Research Group, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Jeong Lee
- From the Medical Research Center for Ischemic Tissue Regeneration (E.S.J., M.J.L., Y.M.K., J.H.K.), the Medical Research Institute, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Pusan National University; and National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling (W.S.P., J.H.), FIRST Mitochondria Research Group, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Mi Kim
- From the Medical Research Center for Ischemic Tissue Regeneration (E.S.J., M.J.L., Y.M.K., J.H.K.), the Medical Research Institute, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Pusan National University; and National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling (W.S.P., J.H.), FIRST Mitochondria Research Group, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Han
- From the Medical Research Center for Ischemic Tissue Regeneration (E.S.J., M.J.L., Y.M.K., J.H.K.), the Medical Research Institute, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Pusan National University; and National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling (W.S.P., J.H.), FIRST Mitochondria Research Group, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Ho Kim
- From the Medical Research Center for Ischemic Tissue Regeneration (E.S.J., M.J.L., Y.M.K., J.H.K.), the Medical Research Institute, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Pusan National University; and National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling (W.S.P., J.H.), FIRST Mitochondria Research Group, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
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The signaling mechanism of the sphingosylphosphorylcholine-induced contraction in cat esophageal smooth muscle cells. Arch Pharm Res 2008; 30:1608-18. [PMID: 18254249 DOI: 10.1007/bf02977331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the signaling pathway on sphingosinephosphorylcholine (SPC) -induced contraction in cat esophageal smooth muscle cells. SPC induced in a dose-dependent manner contractile effect. We have previously shown that lysophospholipid (LPL) receptor subtypes including the S1P1, S1P2, S1P3, and S1P5 receptor are present in esophageal smooth muscle. Only EDG-5 (S1P2) receptor antibody penetration into permeablilized cells inhibited the SPC-induced contraction. Pertussis toxin (PTX) and specific antibodies to G(i1), G(i2), G(i3) and G(o) inhibited the contraction, implying that SPC-induced contraction depends on PTX-sensitive G(i1), G(i2), G(i3), and G(o) protein. A phospholipase inhibitor U73122 and incubation of permeabilized cells with PLC-beta3 antibody inhibited SPC-induced contraction. The PKC-mediated contraction may be isozyme specific since only PKCepsilon antibody inhibited the contraction. Preincubation with MEK inhibitor PD98059 blocked the SPC-induced contraction, but p38 MAPK inhibitor SB202190 did not. Cotreatment with GF109203X and PD98059 did not show synergistic effects, suggesting that these two kinases are involved in the same signaling pathway in the SPC-induced contraction. The data suggest that S1P-induced contraction in feline esophageal smooth muscle cells depends on activation of the G(i1), G(i2), G(i3) and G(o) proteins and the PLCbeta3 isozyme via the S1P2 receptor, leading to stimulation of a PKCE pathway, which subsequently activates a p44/p42 MAPK pathway.
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Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) has been considered to play an important role in ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. We used SEW2871 (SEW), a novel receptor-selective agonist for S1P1, to elucidate the role of S1P1 in myocardial I/R. Isolated perfused rat hearts exposed to S1P (1 and 10 mM) or SEW (1 and 0.1 mM) were subjected to 30 minutes of global no-flow ischemia and 2 hours of reperfusion. S1P at 1 and 10 mM significantly reduced infarct size and CK release compared with vehicle-control. The effect of 0.1 microM SEW on infarct size was modest. After I/R, S1P at both doses and SEW at 0.1 microM improved developed pressure (LVDP). SEW at 1 mM significantly prolonged the duration of ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation, leading to irreversible reperfusion tachyarrhythmias in 60% of the hearts. This is the first demonstration of the critical role of the S1P1 receptor in I/R injury.
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Snetkov VA, Thomas GD, Teague B, Leach RM, Shaifta Y, Knock GA, Aaronson PI, Ward JP. Low concentrations of sphingosylphosphorylcholine enhance pulmonary artery vasoreactivity: the role of protein kinase C delta and Ca2+ entry. Hypertension 2008; 51:239-45. [PMID: 18158336 PMCID: PMC2231840 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.107.104802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Sphingosylphosphorylcholine (SPC) is a powerful vasoconstrictor, but in vitro its EC(50) is approximately 100-fold more than plasma concentrations. We examined whether subcontractile concentrations of SPC (100 nmol/L of SPC, and independent of the endothelium, 2-aminoethoxydiphenylborane-sensitive Ca(2+) entry, and Rho kinase. It was abolished by the phospholipase C inhibitor U73122, the broad spectrum protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor Ro31-8220, and the PKC delta inhibitor rottlerin, but not by Gö6976, which is ineffective against PKC delta. The potentiation could be attributed to enhancement of Ca(2+) entry. SPC also potentiated the responses to prostaglandin F(2 alpha) and U436619, which activate a 2-aminoethoxydiphenylborane sensitive nonselective cation channel in intrapulmonary arteries. In this case, potentiation was partially inhibited by diltiazem but abolished by 2-aminoethoxydiphenylborane, Ro31-8220, and rottlerin. SPC (1 micromol/L) caused translocation of PKC delta to the perinuclear region and cytoskeleton of cultured intrapulmonary artery smooth muscle cells. We present the novel finding that low, subcontractile concentrations of SPC potentiate Ca(2+) entry in intrapulmonary arteries through both voltage-dependent and independent pathways via a receptor-dependent mechanism involving PKC delta. This has implications for the physiological role of SPC, especially in cardiovascular disease, where SPC is reported to be elevated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bonnie Teague
- King’s College London School of Medicine, Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Richard M. Leach
- King’s College London School of Medicine, Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Yasin Shaifta
- King’s College London School of Medicine, Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Greg A. Knock
- King’s College London School of Medicine, Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Philip I. Aaronson
- King’s College London School of Medicine, Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Jeremy P.T. Ward
- King’s College London School of Medicine, Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology, London SE1 9RT, UK
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Machida T, Hamaya Y, Izumi S, Hamaya Y, Iizuka K, Igarashi Y, Minami M, Levi R, Hirafuji M. Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Inhibits Nitric Oxide Production Induced by Interleukin-1β in Rat Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2008; 325:200-9. [DOI: 10.1124/jpet.107.127290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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38
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Nixon GF, Mathieson FA, Hunter I. The multi-functional role of sphingosylphosphorylcholine. Prog Lipid Res 2008; 47:62-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2007.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2007] [Revised: 10/23/2007] [Accepted: 11/01/2007] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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39
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Tanaka R, Muraki K, Ohya S, Itoh Y, Hatano N, Imaizumi Y. Cell-Culture–Dependent Change of Ca2+ Response of Rat Aortic Myocytes to Sphingosine-1-Phosphate. J Pharmacol Sci 2008; 107:434-42. [DOI: 10.1254/jphs.08029fp] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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40
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Xin C, Ren S, Eberhardt W, Pfeilschifter J, Huwiler A. Sphingosylphosphorylcholine acts in an anti-inflammatory manner in renal mesangial cells by reducing interleukin-1β-induced prostaglandin E2 formation. J Lipid Res 2007; 48:1985-96. [PMID: 17592175 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m700077-jlr200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingosylphosphorylcholine (SPC) is a bioactive lipid that binds to G protein-coupled-receptors and activates various signaling cascades. Here, we show that in renal mesangial cells, SPC not only activates various protein kinase cascades but also activates Smad proteins, which are classical members of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGFbeta) signaling pathway. Consequently, SPC is able to mimic TGFbeta-mediated cell responses, such as an anti-inflammatory and a profibrotic response. Interleukin-1beta-stimulated prostaglandin E(2) formation is dose-dependently suppressed by SPC, which is paralleled by reduced secretory phospholipase A(2) (sPLA(2)) protein expression and activity. This effect is due to a reduction of sPLA(2) mRNA expression caused by inhibited sPLA(2) promoter activity. Furthermore, SPC upregulates the profibrotic connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) protein and mRNA expression. Blocking TGFbeta signaling by a TGFbeta receptor kinase inhibitor causes an inhibition of SPC-stimulated Smad activation and reverses both the negative effect of SPC on sPLA(2) expression and the positive effect on CTGF expression. In summary, our data show that SPC, by mimicking TGFbeta, leads to a suppression of proinflammatory mediator production and stimulates a profibrotic cell response that is often the end point of an anti-inflammatory reaction. Thus, targeting SPC receptors may represent a novel therapeutic strategy to cope with inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiyan Xin
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland
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41
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Dyatlovitskaya EV. The role of lysosphingolipids in the regulation of biological processes. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2007; 72:479-84. [PMID: 17573701 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297907050033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes data on the role of lysosphingolipids (glucosyl- and galactosylsphingosines, sphingosine-1-phosphate, sphingosine-1-phosphocholine) in the regulation of various biological processes in normal and pathological states.
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Affiliation(s)
- E V Dyatlovitskaya
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997 Russia.
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42
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Watterson KR, Berg KM, Kapitonov D, Payne SG, Miner AS, Bittman R, Milstien S, Ratz PH, Spiegel S. Sphingosine‐1‐phosphate and the immunosuppressant, FTY720‐phosphate, regulate detrusor muscle tone. FASEB J 2007; 21:2818-28. [PMID: 17449719 DOI: 10.1096/fj.06-7326com] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Overactive bladder syndrome (OBS) results from disturbances of bladder function. Bladder smooth muscle (detrusor) exhibits spontaneous rhythmic activity (tone) independent of neurogenic control, which is enhanced in patients with OBS. We have now uncovered a prominent role for the bioactive sphingolipid metabolite, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), in regulating rabbit detrusor smooth muscle tone and contraction. S1P-induced contraction of detrusor muscle was dependent on stretch and intracellular calcium. Although detrusor expresses the S1P receptors S1P1 and S1P2, only S1P2 appeared to be involved in S1P-induced contraction, since SEW2871 (S1P1 agonist) and dihydro-S1P (potent agonist for all S1P receptors except S1P2) were poor contractile agents. In agreement, the S1P2 antagonist JTE013 inhibited S1P-induced contraction. The fast, transient muscle contraction (phasic) mediated by S1P was dependent on phospholipase C (PLC) whereas the slower, sustained contraction (tonic) was not. Surprisingly, the immunosuppressant FTY720-phosphate, an agonist for all S1P receptors except S1P2, had distinct contractile properties and also induced slow, sustained contraction. Thus, FTY720-phosphate and/or S1P may regulate calcium channels in an S1P receptor-independent manner. Collectively, our results demonstrate that S1P may regulate detrusor smooth muscle tone and suggest that dysregulation of complex S1P signaling might contribute to OBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth R Watterson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, VCU School of Medicine, 1101 E. Marshall St., Richmond, VA 23298, USA
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43
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Hudson NK, O'Hara M, Lacey HA, Corcoran J, Hemmings DG, Wareing M, Baker P, Taggart MJ. Modulation of human arterial tone during pregnancy: the effect of the bioactive metabolite sphingosine-1-phosphate. Biol Reprod 2007; 77:45-52. [PMID: 17409372 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.107.060681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a potent bioactive lipid that has been implicated in cardiovascular disease. The objective of the present study was to determine the vasoactive effects and underlying mechanisms of S1P on adult human maternal arteries. The isometric tensions of the omental and myometrial arteries isolated from normal pregnant women at term were assessed in response to incremental doses of S1P in the presence or absence of the nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME). The putative involvement of Rho-associated kinases (ROCKs) in intact arteries and in those permeabilized with alpha-toxin, to study agonist-dependent calcium-sensitization, was assessed with the inhibitor Y27632. Real-time RT-PCR established the presence of mRNA encoding the S1P receptors (S1P(1) to (3)), previously known as endothelial differentiation gene receptors (EDG1, 3 and 5), in both artery types. S1P induced a dose-dependent increase in the isometric tension of all the arteries. Y27632 reduced constriction due to S1P in intact arteries and reduced S1P-induced sensitization of contraction to submaximal activating Ca(2+) in permeabilized arteries. L-NAME also modulated S1P vasoactive responses in a tissue-specific manner. Two subgroups of omental arteries were identified, one of which utilizes the NO pathway. In myometrial arteries, S1P evoked oscillatory constrictions, whereas pretreatment with L-NAME resulted in only tonic constrictions of unaltered peak magnitude. The prominent vasoactive actions of S1P in the maternal arteries of pregnant women are modulated by inhibitors of ROCKs and NO bioavailability. The subtle tissue-specific functional differences in the modulation of S1P actions by NO have important implications for vascular tone regulation by this bioactive circulatory metabolite during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola K Hudson
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Division of Human Development, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 0JH, United Kingdom.
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Nodai A, Machida T, Izumi S, Hamaya Y, Kohno T, Igarashi Y, Iizuka K, Minami M, Hirafuji M. Sphingosine 1-phosphate induces cyclooxygenase-2 via Ca2+-dependent, but MAPK-independent mechanism in rat vascular smooth muscle cells. Life Sci 2007; 80:1768-76. [PMID: 17382352 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2007.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2006] [Revised: 01/12/2007] [Accepted: 02/07/2007] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The effects of sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) on prostaglandin I(2) (PGI(2)) production and cyclooxygenase (COX) expression in cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were investigated. S1P stimulated PGI(2) production in a concentration-dependent manner, which was completely suppressed by NS-398, a selective COX-2 inhibitor, as determined by radioimmunoassay. S1P stimulated COX-2 protein and mRNA expressions in a concentration- and time-dependent manner, while it had no effect on COX-1 expression. S1P(2) and S1P(3) receptors mRNA were abundantly expressed in rat VSMCs. Suramin, an antagonist of S1P(3) receptor, almost completely inhibited S1P-induced COX-2 expression. Pretreatment of VSMCs with pertussis toxin (PTX) partially, but significantly inhibited S1P-induced PGI(2) production and COX-2 expression. S1P also activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). However, neither PD 98059, a selective inhibitor of ERK activation, nor SB 203580, a selective inhibitor of p38 MAPK, had a significant inhibitory effect on S1P-induced COX-2 expression, suggesting that the MAPK activation does not play main roles in S1P-induced COX-2 induction. S1P-induced COX-2 expression was inhibited by PP2, an inhibitor of Src-family tyrosine kinase, Ca(2+) depletion, and GF 109203X, an inhibitor of protein kinase C (PKC). These results suggest that S1P stimulates COX-2 induction in rat VSMCs through mechanisms involving Ca(2+)-dependent PKC and Src-family tyrosine kinase activation via S1P(3) receptor coupled to PTX-sensitive and -insensitive G proteins.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Calcium/metabolism
- Cells, Cultured
- Cyclooxygenase 2/drug effects
- Cyclooxygenase 2/genetics
- Cyclooxygenase 2/metabolism
- Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Epoprostenol/biosynthesis
- Epoprostenol/metabolism
- Lysophospholipids/pharmacology
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/cytology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/enzymology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/drug effects
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/enzymology
- Nitrobenzenes/pharmacology
- Pertussis Toxin/pharmacology
- Protein Kinase C/antagonists & inhibitors
- Protein Kinase C/metabolism
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
- Receptors, Lysosphingolipid/agonists
- Receptors, Lysosphingolipid/genetics
- Receptors, Lysosphingolipid/metabolism
- Sphingosine/analogs & derivatives
- Sphingosine/pharmacology
- Sulfonamides/pharmacology
- src-Family Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors
- src-Family Kinases/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Nodai
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido 061-0293, Japan
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Abstract
UNLABELLED The sphingomyelin metabolites ceramide, sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) and sphingosylphosphorylcholine (SPC) are emerging modulators of vascular tone. While ceramide appears to act primarily intracellularly, S1P and SPC appear to mainly work via specific receptors, although those for SPC have not yet been defined unequivocally. Each of the sphingomyelin metabolites can induce both vasoconstriction and vasodilatation and, in some cases--ceramide on the one hand, and S1P and SPC on the other hand--have opposite effects on vascular tone. The differences in effects between vessels may relate to the relative roles of endothelial and smooth muscle cells in mediating them, as well as to the distinct expression patterns of S1P receptors among vascular beds and among endothelial and smooth muscle cells. Recent evidence suggests that vascular tone is not only modulated by sphingomyelin metabolites which are exogenously added or reach the vessel wall via the bloodstream but also by those formed locally by cells in the vessel wall. Such local formation can be induced by known vasoactive agents such as angiotensin II and may serve a signalling function. CONCLUSION We conclude that sphingomyelin metabolites are important endogenous modulators of vascular function, which may contribute to the pathophysiology of some diseases and be targets for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin C Michel
- Department of Pharmacology & Pharmacotherapy, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Kume H, Takeda N, Oguma T, Ito S, Kondo M, Ito Y, Shimokata K. Sphingosine 1-phosphate causes airway hyper-reactivity by rho-mediated myosin phosphatase inactivation. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2006; 320:766-73. [PMID: 17105828 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.106.110718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated whether extracellular sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is involved in airway hyper-reactivity in bronchial asthma. The effects of S1P on the response to methacholine was examined in the fura-2-loaded strips of guinea pig tracheal smooth muscle using simultaneous recording of the isometric tension and the ratio of fluorescence intensities at 340 and 380 nm (F(340)/F(380)). A 15-min pretreatment with S1P (>100 nM) markedly enhanced methacholine-induced contraction without elevating F(340)/F(380). This effect of S1P was suppressed in the presence of Y-27632 [(R)-(+)-trans-N-(4-pyridyl)-4-(1-aminoethyl)-cyclohexane-carboxamide], a selective inhibitor of Rho-kinase, in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, pretreatment with pertussis toxin caused an inhibition in S1P-induced hyper-reactivity to methacholine in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. In contrast, although S1P-induced Ca(2+) mobilization was attenuated by SKF96365 and verapamil, the subsequent response to methacholine was unaffected. A 15-min pretreatment with lower concentrations of S1P (<100 nM), which is clinically attainable, did not increase methacholine-induced contraction. However, when the incubation was lengthened to 6 h, S1P (<100 nM) enhanced the subsequent response to methacholine. Next, application of S1P to cultured human bronchial smooth muscle cells increased the proportion of active RhoA (GTP-RhoA) and phosphorylation of myosin phosphatase target subunit 1 (MYPT1). This phosphorylation of MYPT1 was significantly inhibited by application of Y-27632 and by pretreatment with pertussis toxin. Our findings demonstrate that exposure of airway smooth muscle to S1P results in airway hyper-reactivity mediated by Ca(2+) sensitization via inactivation of myosin phosphatase, which links G(i) and RhoA/Rho-kinase processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Kume
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsrumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan.
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Lorenz JN, Arend LJ, Robitz R, Paul RJ, MacLennan AJ. Vascular dysfunction in S1P2 sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor knockout mice. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2006; 292:R440-6. [PMID: 16990495 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00085.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
There is growing evidence that sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) plays an important role in regulating the development, morphology, and function of the cardiovascular system. There is little data, however, regarding the relative contribution of endogenous S1P and its cognate receptors (referred to as S1P(1-5)) to cardiovascular homeostasis. We used S1P(2) receptor knockout mice (S1P(2)(-/-)) to evaluate the role of S1P(2) in heart and vascular function. There were no significant differences in blood pressure between wild-type and S1P(2)(-/-) mice, measured in awake mice. Cardiac function, evaluated in situ by using a Millar catheter, was also not different in S1P(2)(-/-) mice under baseline or stimulated conditions. In vivo analysis of vascular function by flowmetry revealed decreases in mesenteric and renal resistance in S1P(2)(-/-) mice, especially during vasoconstriction with phenylephrine. In intact aortic rings, the concentration-force relations for both KCl and phenylephrine were right shifted in S1P(2)(-/-) mice, whereas the maximal isometric forces were not different. By contrast, in deendothelialized rings the concentration-force relations were not different but the maximal force was significantly greater in S1P(2)(-/-) aorta. Histologically, there were no apparent differences in vascular morphology. These data suggest that the S1P(2) receptor plays an important role in the function of the vasculature and is an important mediator of normal hemodynamics. This is mediated, at least in part, through an effect on the endothelium, but direct effects on vascular smooth muscle cannot be ruled out and require further investigation.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Blood Pressure/physiology
- Cardiotonic Agents/pharmacology
- Dobutamine/pharmacology
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Endothelium, Vascular/drug effects
- Endothelium, Vascular/physiology
- In Vitro Techniques
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Muscle Contraction/drug effects
- Muscle Contraction/physiology
- Muscle Tonus/drug effects
- Muscle Tonus/physiology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/physiology
- Potassium Chloride/pharmacology
- Receptors, Lysosphingolipid/genetics
- Receptors, Lysosphingolipid/physiology
- Regional Blood Flow/physiology
- Renal Circulation/drug effects
- Splanchnic Circulation/drug effects
- Vascular Diseases/physiopathology
- Vascular Resistance/physiology
- Vasoconstrictor Agents/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- John N Lorenz
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0576, USA.
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Mulders ACM, Hendriks-Balk MC, Mathy MJ, Michel MC, Alewijnse AE, Peters SLM. Sphingosine kinase-dependent activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase by angiotensin II. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2006; 26:2043-8. [PMID: 16857953 DOI: 10.1161/01.atv.0000237569.95046.b9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In addition to their role in programmed cell death, cell survival, and cell growth, sphingolipid metabolites such as ceramide, sphingosine, and sphingosine-1-phosphate have vasoactive properties. Besides their occurrence in blood, they can also be formed locally in the vascular wall itself in response to external stimuli. This study was performed to investigate whether vasoactive compounds modulate sphingolipid metabolism in the vascular wall and how this might contribute to the vascular responses. METHODS AND RESULTS In isolated rat carotid arteries, the contractile responses to angiotensin II are enhanced by the sphingosine kinase inhibitor dimethylsphingosine. Endothelium removal or NO synthase inhibition by N(omega)-nitro-L-arginine results in a similar enhancement. Angiotensin II concentration-dependently induces NO production in an endothelial cell line, which can be diminished by dimethylsphingosine. Using immunoblotting and intracellular calcium measurements, we demonstrate that this sphingosine kinase-dependent endothelial NO synthase activation is mediated via both phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt and calcium-dependent pathways. CONCLUSIONS Angiotensin II induces a sphingosine kinase-dependent activation of endothelial NO synthase, which partially counteracts the contractile responses in isolated artery preparations. This pathway may be of importance under pathological circumstances with reduced NO bioavailability. Moreover, a disturbed sphingolipid metabolism in the vascular wall may lead to reduced NO bioavailability and endothelial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur C M Mulders
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 15, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Morikage N, Kishi H, Sato M, Guo F, Shirao S, Yano T, Soma M, Hamano K, Esato K, Kobayashi S. Cholesterol primes vascular smooth muscle to induce Ca2 sensitization mediated by a sphingosylphosphorylcholine-Rho-kinase pathway: possible role for membrane raft. Circ Res 2006; 99:299-306. [PMID: 16825579 DOI: 10.1161/01.res.0000235877.33682.e9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Hypercholesterolemia is a major risk factor involved in abnormal cardiovascular events. Rho-kinase-mediated Ca(2+) sensitization of vascular smooth muscle (VSM) plays a critical role in vasospasm and hypertension. We recently identified sphingosylphosphorylcholine (SPC) and Src family tyrosine kinase (Src-TK) as upstream mediators for the Rho-kinase-mediated Ca(2+) sensitization. Here we report the strong linkage between cholesterol and the Ca(2+) sensitization of VSM mediated by a novel SPC/Src-TK/Rho-kinase pathway in both humans and rabbits. The extent of the sensitization correlated well with the total cholesterol or low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in serum. However, an inverse correlation with the serum level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was observed, and a correlation with other cardiovascular risk factors was nil. When cholesterol-lowering therapy was given to patients and rabbits with hypercholesterolemia, the SPC-induced contractions diminished. Depletion of VSM cholesterol by beta-cyclodextrin resulted in a loss of membrane caveolin-1, a marker of cholesterol-enriched lipid raft, and inhibited the SPC-induced Ca(2+) sensitization and translocation of Rho-kinase from cytosol to the cell membrane. Vasocontractions induced by membrane depolarization and by an adrenergic agonist were cholesterol-independent. Our data support the previously unreported concept that cholesterol potentiates the Ca(2+) sensitization of VSM mediated by a SPC/Src-TK/Rho-kinase pathway, and are also compatible with a role for cholesterol-enriched membrane microdomain, a lipid raft. This process may play an important role in the development of abnormal vascular contractions in patients with hypercholesterolemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriyasu Morikage
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
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50
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Xu SZ, Muraki K, Zeng F, Li J, Sukumar P, Shah S, Dedman AM, Flemming PK, McHugh D, Naylor J, Cheong A, Bateson AN, Munsch CM, Porter KE, Beech DJ. A sphingosine-1-phosphate-activated calcium channel controlling vascular smooth muscle cell motility. Circ Res 2006; 98:1381-9. [PMID: 16675717 PMCID: PMC2648505 DOI: 10.1161/01.res.0000225284.36490.a2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In a screen of potential lipid regulators of transient receptor potential (TRP) channels, we identified sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) as an activator of TRPC5. We explored the relevance to vascular biology because S1P is a key cardiovascular signaling molecule. TRPC5 is expressed in smooth muscle cells of human vein along with TRPC1, which forms a complex with TRPC5. Importantly, S1P also activates the TRPC5-TRPC1 heteromultimeric channel. Because TRPC channels are linked to neuronal growth cone extension, we considered a related concept for smooth muscle. We find S1P stimulates smooth muscle cell motility, and that this is inhibited by E3-targeted anti-TRPC5 antibody. Ion permeation involving TRPC5 is crucial because S1P-evoked motility is also suppressed by the channel blocker 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate or a TRPC5 ion-pore mutant. S1P acts on TRPC5 via two mechanisms, one extracellular and one intracellular, consistent with its bipolar signaling functions. The extracellular effect appears to have a primary role in S1P-evoked cell motility. The data suggest S1P sensing by TRPC5 calcium channel is a mechanism contributing to vascular smooth muscle adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang-Zhong Xu
- Institute of Membrane and Systems Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
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